Akwai magana da yawa game da rikicin da hauhawar farashi, an tabbatar da su, amma dole ne mu tuna cewa ba a daɗe ba irin waɗannan abubuwa kamar CO2, fitilu na musamman da matatun mai ƙarfi ba su kasance a wurin ba.

Kuma akwai ƙananan, aquariums lita 50-100 tare da kifi mai ɗauke da rai da sauƙi, sau da yawa kawai tsirrai masu iyo. M, mai araha, mai arha.

Ba na roƙonku da ku koma ga irin waɗannan abubuwan, amma ba zai cutar da ku tuna kifayen kifi ba. Haka kuma, da yawa daga cikinsu masanan illolin ruwa sun manta su.

Idan ka duba cikin littattafan lokacin USSR akan binciken akwatin kifaye, zaka sami kifaye masu ɗauke da kifaye masu rai a ciki, waɗanda ba a ambace su koda a Intanet ba.

Kuma a cikin littafin 'Exotic Aquarium Fishes' na William Innes (Kamfanin Innes Publishing Company, 1948), an jera jinsuna 26!

Kwatanta su da littattafan zamani waɗanda ke jera manyan manyan abubuwa: mollies, guppies, takobin, pecilia da duka. Idan masana kimiyyar halittar ruwa sun kiyaye halittu da yawa tsawon shekaru 60, to me yasa yanzu komai ya rage zuwa hudu?

Gaskiyar ita ce, waɗannan su ne mafi bayyanannun ra'ayoyi, tare da bambance-bambancen masu yawa. Bugu da kari, dabbobi masu saurin dabbobi daga dabi'a galibi masu ruwa da tsaki suna kallon su azaman mai sauki mara kifi, wanda ya dace da masu farawa.

Bari muyi la'akari da wasu kifaye masu rai da aka manta da su. Dukkaninsu suna cikin lumana, basa buƙatar wani ƙoƙari na musamman don kiwo, canjin ruwa da digiri na kimiyya a cikin sunadarai.

Encedwararrun masu binciken ruwa suna sanin tsoffin abokai a cikinsu, kuma masu farawa zasuyi da sabon kifin, wanda a zahiri shine tsohon da ya manta shi.

Girardinus karama (Girardinus karam)

Girardinus ƙarfe, kamar yadda sunan yake nuna, ƙarfe ne. Launin launuka daga azurfa zuwa zinare, ya danganta da hasken, akwai kuma rabeyoyi a tsaye a jikin mutum, amma kusan ba a ganin su.

Maza suna da dige baƙi a kai, amai, da fin fin. Wasu lokuta sukan hade, amma kowane kifi ana bayyana shi daban. Kamar yadda yake faruwa koyaushe a cikin mata masu ruwaye, mace girardinus sun fi maza girma kuma sun girma 7 cm, yayin da maza sunkai 3-4 cm.

Girardinus metallus kifi ne mai kyan gani wanda zai rayu cikin mu'ujiza a cikin akwatin kifin mai girma tare da nauyin 40 lita ko fiye.

Unpreentious, su a cikin yanayi rayuwa a cikin ruwa brackish, amma a cikin akwatin kifaye su kuma yi haƙuri gaba daya sabo, matsakaici ruwa mai ruwa.

Ganin girman, maƙwabta don su suna buƙatar zaɓa su a hankali. Kayan cherry da katantanwar neretina, shinge da kananan shinge, tetras, iris da sauran kifayen lumana da invertebrates suna da kyau.

Idan ka bred daya daga cikin daidaitattun hanyoyin ingantawa, to ka'idodi iri ɗaya ne anan. Da farko, yakamata a sami ƙarin mace fiye da maza, in ba haka ba za su kori mace ta yadda wannan zai haifar da damuwa.

Sannan kuna buƙatar tsire-tsire masu iyo, kamar pistii. Zasu samar da mafaka ga mata da kuma soya. Kodayake girardinus metallus bai fara neman abin soya ba, kifi na iya ci.

Kuma idan akwai tsire-tsire masu iyo a ƙasa, yana da sauƙin da safe don kama soya da ke ɓoye a inuwarsu.

Waka Damansara

Baƙon abu bane ga waɗannan kifayen cewa duka mace da namiji suna da alaƙa. Su azurfa ne, tare da babban falon baƙi suna gudana a tsakiyar jiki. Suna kuma da wani tabo na baki kusa da fin ɗin caudal.

Don sanin jima'i na formosis, kuna buƙatar duba fin fin, wanda a cikin maza yakan samar da gonopodia. Wannan dabi'a ce gama gari ga dukkan mai yawan damuwa, tare da taimakon gonopodia (mai kama da bututu), namiji yakan aiko da madara ga mace.

Formoses ƙananan kifi ne! Maza ba su wuce 2 cm tsawo, kuma mace 3 cm tsayi. Kodayake suna da salama, waɗannan masu girman halaye suna gabatar da ƙuntatawa ga maƙwabta tare da wanda zai yuwu su iya ɗauke da formosis.

Idan kuna son akwatin kifaye na dabbobi, to sai ku zaɓi ƙyan itace shrimp da ayaba, kamar yadda suke buƙatar yanayi iri ɗaya. Akwai sanyi, ruwa mai wuya da tsirrai da yawa.

Additionaramin ƙari na gishiri zai haifar da yanayi mai mahimmanci don hana maye, a zahiri suna rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai girman kai. Gishiri kuma yana da amfani ga cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, amma kuna iya yin ba tare da hakan ba.

Ba kamar yawancin nau'ikan wurare masu zafi ba, formosa nau'in halitta ne mai ƙaunatacce kuma yana son ruwa tare da zazzabi kusan 20C, ɗan mai sanyi a cikin hunturu da ɗan zafi a lokacin rani.

Hakanan kuna buƙatar karfi mai gudana da kuma sarari mai yawa kyauta. Kamar sauran viviparous, formosa yana ƙaunar cakuda abincin da ya kunshi tsiro da abincin dabbobi.

Limia nigrofasciata

Idan kifi biyun da suka gabata ba masu kwarzanewa daga masana ilimin ruwa, to limia basu da hankali. Gashinan yana da launin fata mai launin baki mai launin shuɗi tare da ƙoshin zuma, kuma maza suna da raunin baƙar fata tare da ita wanda ke tabbatar da sunan kifin.

Kiyaye su masu sauki kamar pecilia, suna da kama da girman su da sifa, amma limi tana son ruwa mai dumin zafi. Zazzabi daga 24 zuwa 26 zai yi daidai.

Kamar Pecilia, suna son karamin abu na yanzu, amma sigogin ruwan na iya zama da bambanci sosai, kodayake ana son fin ruwa da gishiri sosai.

Sukan zauna a tafkuna masu yaduwa sosai, inda magudanar jini da sauran abincin dabbobi ke zuwa ta hanyar kwatsam.

Yana da matukar arziki, har ma fiye da sauran dabbobi. Dole ne a adana su aƙalla 6 a cikin akwatin kifaye, maza biyu da mata huɗu da lita 50 na ruwa. Ciyawa mai iyo zai zama ƙara, yayin da suke ba da mafaka ga ɗan kifi mai ƙyama da ƙyama da kuma soya.

Blackasararren bakin ciki mai rauni (Limia melanogaster)

Wani lokaci ana siyar da bakararren fata mai lalacewa wanda aka samu a wasu kundin. Bayyananniya suna da matukar canzawa, amma mace yawanci launin shuɗi ce mai launin shuɗi tare da sikelin shuɗi tare da tsakiyar jikin.

Maza suna da kama, amma ƙarami kuma suna da ɗigon baki a kawunansu, ƙashin kansa. Maza da mata suna da babban tabo na baki a jikinsu wanda ya ba su suna.

Har yanzu, a cikin girman da hali suna kama da pecilia. Maza sun yi tsawo zuwa 4 cm; mace tana da girma da girma.

Kiwo shine ma'auni ga dukkan nau'ikan rayuwa. Af, black-bellied limia na iya samar da hybrids tare da pecillia, don haka ya fi kyau a kiyaye nau'ikan dabbobi masu rai biyu a cikin akwatin kifaye don adana irin.

Molliesia Kyauta (Poecilia salvatoris)

An danganta kifin da mollies, kwanannan an fara rarrabe shi azaman nau'ikan daban kuma a yamma yana zama sananne.

Namiji da mace suna da fari-fari, suna da lemu masu launin shuɗi da shuɗi, amma mace tana da launin shuɗi. Launin launuka yana dada tsawan lokaci kuma tsohuwar, mazaje sun mamaye manyan kannun jiragen ruwa da launuka masu kyau.

Abinda kawai ya faru shine, yawanci kifaye masu ɗauke da rai suna da kwanciyar hankali, amma salvatoris, akasin haka, yana son katse ƙashinsa kuma yana da haɗari. Don haka, duk da jan hankali, wannan kifin ba don masu farawa ba ne kuma yana da kyau a ajiye shi daban.

A cikin kananan ruwayen ruwa, maza suke yakar kullun, kuma idan ma biyu maza ne kawai suke rayuwa a ciki, mafi rauni shine za a buge shi har ya mutu.

Suna buƙatar a sa su cikin rukuni inda mace ɗaya ke da mace biyu, ko ma mace ɗaya da mata.

Kamar sauran mollies, wannan nau'in yafi herbivorous, kuma yana cin fiber flakes sosai. Matsakaicin girman shine kusan 7 cm, yayin da mace tayi ƙarancin girma fiye da maza.

Kwatankwacin lita 100 zai ishe wa gungun maza uku mata shida. Akwatin kifayen ya buƙaci a rufe shi, kamar yadda kifayen za su iya tsalle daga ciki.

Rabin-ja-baki (dermogenys spp.)

A cikin halittar Dermogenys, akwai fiye da dozin iri biyu masu kama da juna, yawancinsu wadanda suke siyarwa ana kiransu D. pusilla, amma a zahiri babu wanda ya bambanta su da juna.

Launin launi ya bambanta da fari-fari zuwa launin kore-mai launin toka, kuma maza za su iya zama ja, rawaya, ko baki a kan ƙusoshin.

Gaskiya ne, akwai bambance-bambancen da yawa daga gare su, kuma ɗayan na iya zama yafi haske fiye da ɗayan.

Maza suna nuna adawa ga juna, amma ku guji fada a cikin wani akwatin ruwa mai fili. Takaddun ruwa na lita 80 ya ishe maza uku da mata shida.

Semi-kifi na buƙatar abinci iri-iri, wanda ya haɗa da abinci, tsire-tsire da abinci mai kiba.

A baya can, an dauki rabin kifi a matsayin kifi wanda bai dace da ajiye shi ba a babban akwatin kifin, amma wannan ba gaskiya bane. Haka ne, suna iya yin gasa tare da kifi yayin ciyarwa, amma zaku iya ɗaukar kifin kifi, acanthophthalmus da sauran ƙananan kifin.

Af, suna tsalle sosai, don haka rufe akwatin kifaye!

Kiwo yayi kama da sauran masu yin sa, macen ta haihu don ta soya daga makwanni uku zuwa hudu bayan hutu. Soya suna da yawa, mm 4-5 kuma suna iya cin flakes na ƙasa, artemia nauplii, microworms, har ma daphnia ƙananan. Amma, suna da kusanci ga rashin haihuwa cikin balaga.

Masu maganin aquarists sun lura cewa da farko mace ta haihu don soya 20, sannan adadin ya ragu kuma gaba daya ya shuɗe. Yana da kyau cewa yawancin ƙarni na dermogenises suna zaune a cikin akwatin kifaye.

Ameca (Ameca splendens)

Kalli matsala ce, tunda yanada amps suna son su cire bakin su. Haka kuma, ba wai kifayen da ke cikin rufin tafin rufi ko waɗanda ke jinkirin faɗuwa ba a ƙarƙashin rarraba, har ma sun sami nasarar bin hanyoyin!

Za'a iya kiyaye Amek tare da wasu kifaye, amma ya kamata ya kasance nau'in sauri, irin su barb ko ƙaya. Bayan da suka yanke kasusuwa, amma har yanzu mazan basa yarda da junan su.

Abin ban dariya ne cewa wannan halin yana da yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye, a cikin yanayi suna da haƙuri sosai.

Don haka menene suke da kyau a gare su? Yana da sauki, yana da kyau, kifi mai ban sha'awa. Mata suna da azurfa tare da ɗigon baki, maza masu launi iri ɗaya, tare da farin ƙarfe. Manyan maza sun fi sauran mutane haske.

Mace suna haihuwar kimanin soya 20, babba, har tsawon 5 mm. Wadannan soya ba su da ƙanana fiye da taguwa ta jima'i da aka sayar a kantin dabbobi!

Kifayen manya sun yi watsi da soyayensu, saboda su girma kuma suna kafa makarantu tare da iyayensu.

Suna rayuwa mafi kyau cikin manyan rukuni, inda akwai mata biyu ga kowane namiji kuma aƙalla maza 4 da kansu, don guje wa faɗa.

Kuna buƙatar ciyar da hatsi tare da abun cikin fiber mai ɗorewa, amma kayan lambu masu sabo da ruwan teku mai laushi tare da duckweed zasu taimaka wa waɗannan gluttons su jira lokacin tsakanin ciyar.

Af, a cikin yanayi, wata gabar jiki ta kusan karewa, saboda haka kuna adana yanayi da taimaka wa halittu su rayu.

Kammalawa

Wannan taƙaitaccen bayani ne game da kifaye masu ɗauke da rai, waɗanda ba su da mashahuri sosai a yau. Abu ne mai sauki ka lura cewa dukansu basu da ma'ana, masu ban sha'awa da baƙon abu.

Duk wanda kake, mai farawa ne wanda yake so ya gwada hannunsa da kifin kifi ko ƙwararren masaniyar ruwa, ko yaushe kifin zai zama mai daɗin ci.