Dogo, baki mai tsayi na Curlew kyakkyawar kayan aiki ne don tattara mollusks, katantanwa da tsutsotsi a cikin yashi teku da silt. Babban curlew yayin farauta baya buƙatar hangen nesa, tunda ya samo ganima tare da taimakon ƙarancin mage na baki. A wuraren hunturu curlews yi iyo a cikin m ruwa, kamawa soya da jatan lande daga ruwa. Tsuntsaye suna nazarin algae da aka jefa a bakin teku, suna fitowa daga gare su. Leauki da dogon beki suka kama ganima sannan kuma ta girgiza kai, ta tura ta cikin maƙogwaro. A wuraren da ake fara ciyawa a cikin nahiyoyin na Afirka, yankuna suna ciyar da kwari da tsutsotsi, gandun daji, mollus da ƙananan kwaɗi. A lokacin rani, tsuntsaye sukan tattara gwoza akan filaye da wuraren kiwo.
INA SON LAFIYA
Shekaru 60 da suka wuce, Curlew an dauki shi a matsayin wani mazaunin ƙasashen ƙetare da yankuna masu kanana. Koyaya, an sami canje-canje masu mahimmanci yayin wannan lokacin: yankin wuraren zama na ɗabi'ar ya ragu sosai har tsuntsayen suka fara farawa a wasu wurare - a cikin makiyaya da kuma wuraren kiwo. Amma iyawar wannan nau'in don daidaitawa da sabbin halaye ba su da iyaka, musamman tunda aikin tattalin arzikin mutum mai zurfi da ke tattare da yaduwar takin zamani da magungunan kashe kwari ke raba tsuntsun daga wadannan wuraren. A lokacin bazara da lokacin bazara ne ke zaune a cikin tsakiyar nahiyar, kuma a lokacin bazara sukan tashi zuwa wuraren hunturu a bakin tekun bahar. Duk da cewa akwai wadataccen abinci a bakin Tekun na Tsakiyar Turai a wannan lokacin, manyan ƙauyuka suna tashi zuwa gabar tekun kudu da arewacin Afirka.
Yaduwa
Curlew yawanci yana farawa ne a cikin ciyawar daji, a cikin ciyayi da makiyaya, wani lokacin a cikin share daji. Nami ya zabi wuri don gida: ya mamaye yankin, kamar yadda wani jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu, ya ruwaito tare da babbar kukan. Matar, wanda ya bayyana a kusa, ya jawo hankalin su tare da rawar gargajiya.
Lokacin da mace ta sauko kasa, sai namiji ya zagaye da ita, ya bazu a gabanta har sai da ya dauki matsayin shi na maza da mata. Gida mai launin Curlew shine karamin rami wanda aka yi layi tare da ciyawa da sauran tsirrai. Matar, tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 1-3, ta sanya qwai hudu a cikin hutu, wanda tsuntsayen biyu ke kwantawa.
Curlews suna nuna halayya sosai a lokacin farauta. Jim kaɗan bayan kyankyasar, dangi duka sun ƙaura zuwa wurare masu kariya. Curlews da ƙarfin hali kare kare daga abokan gaba.
KARATUWAR TAFIYA
Iearfin da ke ɗaure nau'in ƙwayar cuta yana rufe ta gaba da bangon asalin ciyawar. Curlew yana da hankali sosai, Kuma da kyar ya lura da mutum, nan da nan sai ya tashi, ya furta "waƙar ku-i". Mafi sau da yawa, sautikan kawai suna ba da shaidar gaban tsuntsu - halayyar abubuwa don tunawa da kiɗa mai tashi. Musamman sautin murya na waƙar namiji wani lokaci yana kama da maƙifcin maƙaryaci. Curlew ya bambanta da sauran tsuntsayen a cikin sifofin haɓakar baki.
BAYANIN FASAHA, BAYANIN.
- A yayin ƙaura, ana haɗa ƙaura zuwa manyan garke. Suna yin jirgi a cikin dare, sannan a cikin duhu zaka iya jin kukansu kawai.
- Tsarin rayuwa na tsuntsayen da ke zaune a bakin teku ya dogara ne da kankara da gudana, waɗanda ake maimaita su lokaci-lokaci, kuma ba kan canjin rana ko na dare ba. A babban juzu'i, tsuntsaye suna hutawa, kuma a ƙarancin rariya suna neman abinci.
- Gefen nonon mace mai tsawon cm 5 ya fi tsayi a gaban maza, don haka abokan tarayya za su iya ciyar da juna wuri guda a wurin, ba tare da gasa da juna ba, saboda suna neman abinci ne a zurfafan wurare daban-daban.
CIKIN MULKIN NA SAMA
Jirgi: Namiji yayi alamar yankinsa kuma yana jan hankalin mace a cikin jirgin da zigzag.
Qwai: 4 'Ya'yan itacen zaitun masu launin kore-kore mai tsafta tsawon kwanaki 30 duk iyayen sun yi kwanciyar hankali.
Umyalli: motley, launin ruwan kasa. Canza launi yana aiwatar da aikin kame-kame, kamar yadda ake ciyawar gida tsakanin ciyawar ciyawa da ciyawar ciyayi.
Beak: gemar mace kusan 5 cm tsayi fiye da begen namiji. Arshen tausayi na baki ga kowane ɗayan maza biyu suna yin aiki don nemo ganima.
- mazaunin Curlew
SA'AD DA SAURARA take zaune
Curlew yana zaune ne a cikin Turai da Arewacin Asiya. Yankin nesa - yankin daga Ireland a yamma zuwa Siberia a gabas, yankin Balkan da Tekun Caspian a kudu. Tsuntsu na yin hijabi a Yammacin Turai da Kudancin Turai, Arewacin Afirka da Kudancin Asiya.
KYAUTA DA KYAUTATA
Haɓaka masana'antu da yawon shakatawa suna barazanar kasancewar fadama ruwa. Rashin wuraren girke-girke na yanar gizo, ana tilasta masu bullowa cikin kiwo a cikin wuraren kiwo.
Ina yake zama
Ana samun Curlew a tsakiyar da kuma kudancin sassan Turai ta Rasha. Ana buƙatar matakan kariya na musamman ta hanyar yawan mazaunan da ke zaune a yankuna na Bryansk, Leningrad, Smolensk, Tver, Yaroslavl, Nizhny Novgorod yankuna, da kuma a Chuvashia, Mari El, Udmurtia. Amma duk da gaskiyar cewa babban ƙaura yana zaune a nan, a cikin waɗannan wurare ana iya haɗuwa da shi da wuya. Rigar ruwa da makiyaya, ciyawar kogi da kuma magudanan ruwa, makiyaya, maɓuɓɓugan koguna da wuraren ramuka - a cikin irin waɗannan wuraren har yanzu ana sa ran ganin ƙawance.
Alamun waje
Curlews tsuntsaye ne masu matsakaici wanda suka kai tsawon 60 cm kuma zasu iya yin awo daga 600 g zuwa 1 kg. Sun sami takamaiman sunan su - “babba” - ba kwata-kwata saboda girman girman su, amma saboda akwai wani wanda zai kwatanta shi. Bayan haka, ƙanana da matsakaitan matsakaici suna zaune a Russia, masu girma dabam waɗanda suke da ɗan ƙarami.
Dogaron baki na shurewar man yana kasa
Wani fasalin yanayin tsuntsu shine doguwar baki mai doki a kasa. Mace da namiji a zahiri basa iya bambantawa a waje, sai dai kawai cewa mace tana da ɗan girma. Babban launi na plumage shine launin ruwan kasa-launin toka tare da ƙaramin adadin mottles baƙar fata. Tsuntsayen tsuntsaye suna kama da manya, kawai inuwar launuka masu launin shuɗi ke mamaye tasirinsu. Ana canza yanayin hunturu a cikin Bahar Rum, a wasu ƙasashe na Yammacin Turai.
Rayuwa & Maimaitawa
Samun ma'aurata masu aure a cikin Curlews ya gabata ne ta hanyar wasan lissafi, wanda, kamar sauran Charadriiformes, yana faruwa a cikin jirgin sama. Maza suna hawa sama cikin iska, jujjuya, sun faɗi tare da dutse, sannan kuma cikin sauri na hauhawar sama. Suna iya rataye na dogon lokaci a cikin iska, suna yin sautuna masu kama da kukan mai ɓarna - a cikin kalma, suna yin abubuwa ne kawai da babu tabbas. Curlews tsuntsaye ne masu yawan aure. Suna da kama ɗaya a cikin shekara guda, kuma idan mutuwa tayi, kusan ba zata sake ci gaba ba. Curlews yana fara kiwo tun yana dan shekara biyu. A mafi yawancin halayen, sun gwammace su nisanci sauran tsuntsaye. Wani lokaci, koyaya, suna zauna a cikin ƙananan ƙauyuka da dama a cikin iyakantaccen yanki.
Abubuwan da ke hana ruwa gudu suna yin sheka a ƙasa, a cikin ƙaramin ɓacin rai, kuma a hankali suna ɗaukar mazaunin tare da ciyawa. Clutch of uku ko hudu qwai ne namiji a ciki tare da mace a maimakon 32-38 kwana. Abin takaici, yawancin kajin suna mutuwa daga mafarauta. Wani lokaci bayan bayyanar thean sandunan, dangi sun yi ƙaura zuwa wurare amintaccen kariya.
A lokacin kiwo, ganyayyaki suna ciyar da kananzir da ƙarancin ƙananan hanyoyi: kwaɗi, lizards, da sauransu Waɗannan tsuntsayen suna amfani da bege da na bakin ciki kamar damtsen, suna cire mollusks daga bawo kuma sun sami kansu magani.
A lokacin hunturu da lokacin ƙaura, ba sa ƙin abincin shuka - harbe da shootsan matasa. Leayoyi suna tashi daidai, iyo da kyau, kuma suna tafiya cikin natsuwa da natsuwa a ƙasa, wani lokacin ma suna ɗauka tsawon lokaci a wuri guda. Suna son shakata kusa da ruwa, suna tsaye a ƙafa ɗaya kuma suna ɗora daga nesa - shin abin da ake so ganima zai birgesu a ina?
A cikin Littafin Red of Russia
Curlew wani tsuntsu ne mai matukar wahala, har ma masana galibi basa iya haduwa da shi, ba tare da ambaton masu sa ido ba. Ga wannan nau'in, ga sauran mutane, wuraren da ba su da damuwa, a cikin abin da har yanzu yake adana daidaitaccen yanayi, suna da muhimmanci sosai. Kuma irin wadannan wuraren zama, abin takaici, yana zama ƙasa da ƙasa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa
Kokarin ƙazantar da alama yana da matukar ɓacin rai kuma yana kama da sautin "hayaki, hayaƙi, hayaki." Wataƙila daga waɗannan sautikan ne sunan Ingilishi don Curlew ya zo daga - Curlew. Gaskiya ne, irin wannan kukan ana yawan samun saurin maza, ba mata ba. Kamar sauran nau'in tsuntsayen, waƙa shine waƙar da take nuna alamar iyakoki na ayyukan mutum.
Curlew alama ce ta ajiyar Rdeisky, wadda ke cikin yankin Nizhny Novgorod. Tsuntsu na 2011 a Belarus ya sanar da hukuma Curlew bisa hukuma.
Rarrabawa
Mulkin: dabbobi (Animalia).
Nau'i: chordates (Chordata).
Fasali: tsuntsaye (Aves).
Squad: Alamar Haraji.
Iyali: gurnani (Scolopacidae).
Jinsi: Curlew (Numenius).
Duba: Curlew babba (Numenius arquata).