Hazel dormouse, ko mousetrap (lat. Muscardinus avellanarius) - dabbobi masu shayarwa daga gidan mai tsarin bacci.

Bayyanar

Hazel dormouse karamin dabba ne mai kama da ƙaramin squirrel. Ya kusan girman linzamin kwamfuta: tsawon jikin 15 cm, nauyin jikin 15-25 g. Wannan shine ɗayan mafi yawan iskancin barci. Wutsiya tana da tsawo, 6-7.7 cm, tare da buroshi a ƙarshen. Dansandan yana da farin haske kadan, kunnuwa kadan ne, zagaye, gashin-baki yayi tsawo, har zuwa 40% na tsawon jikin. Hazel dormouse shine mafi yawan nau'ikan arboreal tsakanin dormouse, wanda aka bayyana shi a cikin na'urar ga gabar jikinsu. Yatsun yatsun kusan iri daya ne, yatsan farko ya fi ƙanƙan ƙanƙaninsu kuma yana da bambanci da su. Lokacin motsawa tare da rassan, goge ya juya zuwa bangarorin kusan a kusurwar dama.

Launin launi na saman jikin hazel dormouse shine ocher-ja, wani lokacin yana da launin shuɗi, ƙananan gefen yana haske tare da ƙazamin fawn. Za a sami haske, kusan fararen fari a makogwaro, kirji da ciki. An yatsu fari. Matsakaicin wutsiya mai duhu ne, ko kuma, biyun magana, haske, ragi.

Yaɗa

Hazel dormouse ya zama ruwan dare a cikin dazuzzukan daji masu dumbin yawa da ƙasashen Turai da arewacin Turkiya, waɗanda aka samu a kudancin Sweden da kuma Kudancin Ingila. Gama gari a kudanci Turai, ba a Spain kawai. Easternangaren gabashin ɓangaren hazel dormouse ya shiga ƙasar Rasha. An shimfiɗa ta da kintaccen kintinkiri daga Baltic ta hanyar Dnieper na sama, a gefen kogin. Oka zuwa yankin tsakiyar Volga. Hakanan Hazel dormouse yana cikin Caucasus da Ciscaucasia. Hazel dormouse yana da wuya a duk ɓangaren Rasha na kewayon.

Rayuwa

Hazel dormouse yana zaune a cikin dazuzzuka masu rikitarwa da gauraye, suna zaune a wurare tare da wadatar ƙasa mai zurfi da ƙasan haɓaka daga hazel, haɓaka hutu, euonymus, ash ash, ceri tsuntsu, viburnum da sauran othera andan bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi, wanda ke ba da dabbobin dabbobin abinci (musamman, alternating ripening forage) da kuma kyakkyawan yanayin kariya. Ana iya samunsa tare da gandun daji ko hanyoyi na ƙasar, tare da gefuna na farin ciki, akan share tsafe-tsafe. A cikin tsaunuka ya hau zuwa 2000 m sama da matakin teku. A cikin yankuna Yaroslavl da Vladimir, sony sun fi son gandun daji masu lalacewa tare da fifikon linden, ash, da itacen oak. A cikin yankin Volga, ana iya samun dormouse a cikin dazuzzuka masu dumbin yawa tare da yalwataccen nau'in halittu masu rarrafe da yawa.

Hazel dormouse yana zaune ne a cikin zurfin zurfafa, cikin hawan bishiyoyi cikin gwaninta, ko da akan rassan mafi saukin yanayi kuma mafi saukin juyi. Aiki tun daga yamma har zuwa safiya. Hazel dormouse - dabbobi na ƙasa. Mazaunin maza maza sun mamaye kusan 1 ha, a cikin mata - har zuwa 0.8 ha. Mata suna cikin sirdi, hanyoyin maza suna ratsa mata da yawa, amma mace ba ta cikawa. Kowace dabba tana da mazaunin mazauni da dama, suna da sihiri na sihiri (har zuwa 15 cm a diamita), sun ƙunshi busassun ganye, gansakuka da ciyawar ciyawa, waɗanda ake haɗuwa tare da ƙwarin Sonya. A ciki, an shimfiɗa gida tare da ciyawa mai laushi, fulawa da tsummoki na haushi. Gida yana kan reshe a tsawon tsawon 1-2 m sama da ƙasa ko cikin rami maras nauyi. Sonya kuma da yardar rai ta mamaye wuraren adana tsuntsu, titmouse, rami, kuma ba tare da la'akari da ko tsuntsu ya riga ya mamaye gidan ba ko a'a. Redheads, fankin jirgin sama mai saukar ungulu yana fama da matsanancin halin bacci, zuwa ƙarancin girma - babban tit da shigan shudi, mai iya murƙushe wannan ƙaramar ƙarfin.

Asalin gani da kwatancin

Hoto: Hazel Dormouse

Hazel dormouse (flycatcher) - dabbobi masu shayarwa daga gidan dormouse da kuma tsarin rodents. A waje, ya yi kama da na murabba'i, mara girman ne kawai, girman sa yayi kama da na linzamin kwamfuta. Daga cikin duka danginsa, hazel dormouse shine mafi karami.

Theaukar nauyin balagaggu kusan gram 27 ne, isasshen abinci mai nauyin dormouse yana ɗauka sosai, yana gab da faɗawa cikin nutsuwa. Lokacin da dabbar ta farka, nauyinta ya ragu zuwa 15 - 17 grams. Gangar jikin hazel dormouse yana da tsawo - daga 7 zuwa 9 cm, wannan baya kirga wutsiya, tsawon sa shine kusan 6 ko 7 cm.

A ina ne begen daskararre yake?

Hoto: Hazel Dormouse Red Book

Yankin rarraba hazel dormouse yana da faɗi sosai. Dabba mazaunin Turai ce ta maza, ban da Spain da Portugal, waɗanda ke zaune a kudu da Burtaniya da Sweden, waɗanda ke rajista a arewacin Turkiya. A cikin ƙasarmu, hazel dormouse yana zaune a cikin gandun daji na yankin Volga, Ciscaucasia, Caucasus da Dnieper. Ya kamata a lura cewa a kan ƙasar Rasha wannan dabba akwai ƙarancin ƙarfi, saboda tana da kaɗan kaɗan.

Hazel dormouse dabbobi ne masu sassaucin ra'ayi tare da yankunansu. Girman irin wannan rabo a cikin mace mace na iya zama kusan rabin hectare, a cikin maza da mãkirci sun ninka biyu. Tsakanin kansu, dabbobi suna hulɗa ne kawai a lokacin tarawar. Muhimmin abu a wuraren da ake tura mousels abu ne mai wuyar ganewa, galibi daga hazel, ba don komai bane suka kira shi hazel.

Sonya zai iya tsayawa a cikin dutsen ash, rosehip, thickurnum. Mousetrap yana da sha'awar itacen itacen oak, linden da itacen ash. Garkunan furanni gida ne mai ban sha'awa ga ƙananan halittu. Ba daidai ba ne a yi tunanin cewa suna cutar bishiyoyi, kuma dormouse, akasin haka, suna ba da gudummawa ga pollination.

Hazel dormouse yana ba da fifiko ga dattious, gandun daji hade, da kuma gandun daji coniferous ba su da kyau sosai a gare ta. Ana iya samo dabbar a kusa da ƙasa da hanyoyi na gandun daji, a gefunan gandun daji, a cikin tsaunuka masu tsauri ba su wuce kilomita biyu ba.

Menene hazel dormouse suke ci?

Hoto: Hazel Dormouse

Abubuwan menu na hazel dormouse galibi masu cin ganyayyaki ne. Abu ne mai sauki mu iya cewa kwayoyi sune abincin da ta fi so. Sonya ya ci yawancin kwayoyi, yana shirya wa rashin walwala, idan ana samun dumbin yawa, saboda dabba ba ta yin ajiyar kayan lokacin hunturu. Abubuwan da Sonya ya gwada, amma bai ci ba, za'a iya bambance su, saboda dabbar tana barin ramuka mai santsi daga hakora a jikinta. Sonya bashi da isti a cikin jiki, saboda haka abincin da suke da yawa a cikin fiber suna ɗauke da talauci. Dabbobi sun fi son 'ya'yan itatuwa da iri.

Baya ga kwayoyi, abincin da aka samu daga ƙwayoyin ya ƙunshi:

• berries (strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, lingonberries, blackberries),
• acorns
• 'ya'yan itace
• matasa buds (a cikin bazara),
• harbe
• iri.

Yana iya zama kamar baƙon abu ba ne, amma waɗannan ƙananan halittu ba sa ƙin abincin furotin. Sonya ta ci tsutsotsi da ƙwai na tsuntsaye tare da nishaɗi, idan tana da irin wannan damar. Baya ga tsutsotsi, Sonya da sauran kwari ba sa ƙin yarda. A lokacin bazara, dabbobi na iya cin ƙwar matashin firs. Abin ban sha'awa ne a kalli matsanancin barci yayin cin abincin ta, saboda tana riƙe kowane 'ya'yan itace da kafafu biyu na gaba. Tsarin menu na wannan ƙaramar sander ɗin da ke zaune a kambi na bishiyoyi da shukoki daban-daban sun bambanta sosai.

Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa

Hoto: Hazel dormouse dabba

Hazel dormouse dabba ce mai faɗuwar rana wacce ke ciyar da mafi yawan rayuwarta a cikin mulkin barcin, wanda shine dalilin da yasa yake da irin wannan suna mai ban sha'awa. Sonya tana bacci ba wai kawai a cikin rana ba, har ma daga Oktoba zuwa Afrilu, ta faɗi cikin ɓacin rai, saboda ba ta yarda da ƙarancin zafi.

Ko da a lokacin rani, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki sama ya sauka a kasa da digiri 17, mai yin barci yakan fadi cikin wani matsi kuma yana iya yin baccin kwanaki da yawa har sai yayi zafi.

Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, mai barci mai sarkakiya dabbobi ne masu zaman kansu da ke mamaye yankuna da ba su da iyaka. Dabbobi sun gwammace su zauna shi kaɗai, suna haɗuwa da juna a cikin lokacin matse. A dare, sukan nemi abinci da kansu, suna ta motsawa daga reshe zuwa reshe, kuma da rana suna barci a inda suke zaune lafiya.

Kowane mai barci a farfajiyar ƙasa yana da mazaunin rana da yawa, waɗanda yawanci suna kan bishiyoyi tsayin mita ɗaya zuwa biyu. Mousetrap kuma yana da rami na hunturu, wanda a hankali yake shirya duk lokacin bazara don ya kasance mai dumama lokacin hunturu.

Idan Sonya da kanta ta shiga cikin aikin gina gidan, to sai ta sanya ta daga ciyawa, gansakuka, ganye, ƙananan rassa, wanda ta haɗu da ita da yau. Dole ne in faɗi cewa dattmouse na hazel za a iya zama wani lokaci mai rashin hankali, ba a yarda da shi ba, dabba yawanci tana mamaye sauran mazauninta, tana fitar da runduna: shuɗi, kwari. Hakanan Sonya zai iya zama a cikin gidan tsuntsu, a cikin ɗaki, a cikin rami, a cikin tsohuwar motar.

Idan muka yi magana game da yanayi da halin wadannan 'yan kananan halittu, zamu iya cewa dormouse na da matukar karfi da karfin hali, da halin kirki da kuma saukin mu'amala da mutane, dabbobi suna da matukar dogaro, don haka yana da sauki a shawo kansu.

Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa

Hoto: Hazel Dormouse daga cikin jan littafin

Hazel dormouse dabbobi ne kawai da ke saduwa da juna kawai a lokacin matse, wanda ke ɗauka tsawon lokacin bazara, babban abin da ya kasance shine danshi. Domin yara su sami nutsuwa, mace ta yi mazaunin haihuwa, wanda ya fi girma fiye da yadda aka saba. Moushes dinsa suna kan karamin tsayin dangi zuwa doron kasa. Irin wannan ɗakin ya ƙunshi yadudduka biyu: a saman an rufe shi da ganye, kuma an rufe ciki da ƙasa, gashinsa, ƙananan ciyawa.

A lokacin bazara, mace na iya samar da tsintsaye biyu, kuma idan zafin ya dawwara na dogon lokaci kuma lokacin bazara ya jinkirta, to uku. Yawancin lokaci, jarirai biyu zuwa shida ana haihuwar su a cikin hazel dormouse. Lokacin haila yakai kimanin kwanaki 25, daidai yake da lokacin ciyar da 'ya'yan. An lura cewa sony yana kulawa sosai ga 'ya'yanta, idan kwatsam uwar ta mutu, to wata mace zata iya renon jariran ta. A cikin yanayin wannan nau'in ƙwayar dabbobi, ba a taɓa ganin mace ta ci zuriyarta ba.

Idan sanyi ne da ruwa a lokacin bazara, sannan maza basa cikin hanzari don neman mace ta hanyar dabbar ta hanyar canjin maza, sun kasance a cikin mazajensu na farin ciki, to hakan ba za a fara haila ba.

Kamar yadda halayyar dukkan ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi suke, 'Ya'yan Sonya an haife su baki ɗaya marasa taimako da makafi, babu ulu a kansu. Kusan kusa da ranar 18th na yara, jarirai sun zama kamar dabbobi manya. Lokacin da ya cika shekaru arba'in, kananan dabbobi sun sami 'yanci. Wani lokacin, idan haihuwar mace ta faru a ƙarshen zamani, kafin lokacin kaka sanyi, jariran suna ci gaba da yin hunturu tare da mahaifiyarsu.

Matasa sun fara yin jima'i gab da shekara ɗaya. A cikin daji, yanayin yanayi, hazel dormouse suna rayuwa ne kawai game da shekara biyu zuwa uku, kuma a cikin kangin bauta suna iya rayuwa har zuwa takwas. Wannan bambance-bambance a cikin tsammanin rayuwa na faruwa saboda gaskiyar cewa dabbobi da yawa a cikin mazauninsu na halitta basa rayuwa mai sanyi, masu tsananin sanyi.

Abokan halitta na hazel dormouse

Hoto: Hazel Dormouse

Duk da cewa ƙarancin haske kamar ƙwar ƙwarya ƙwaya, ƙayyadaddun maƙiya a cikin wasu dabbobi. Musamman ga wannan dabbar, babu ɗayan masu farauta. Sonya na iya zuwa da su ba da gangan ba. Don haka sandar na iya zama ganima ta mujiya, cat daji, Marten, fox, petting. Wani lokacin ma yakan faru cewa ɗan dawakai ko boar daji yakanyi wani rami ga dormouse inda dormouse yake zaune, amma dabbar zata iya rayuwa, saboda moushes ɗin yana da matukar kulawa da hankali.

Yanayi ya fito da wata madaidaiciyar hanyar kariya ta wadannan kananan halittu, wanda ya kunshi cewa fatar daga wutsiyar Sonya kwari tana siyarwa idan wani ya kama dabbar ta wannan sashin jikinsa. A cikin irin waɗannan halayen, lalatawar dormouse da aminci sun tsere daga marassa lafiya. Tabbas, sannan wannan bangare, wanda akan babu fata, ya mutu daga karshe ya shuɗe, amma ƙwaƙƙwaran zai kasance da rai.

Abun takaici, daya daga cikin mafiya hatsarin makiya don dabi'ar hazel, shine mutumin da ya lalata yankuna na mazaunin su na dindindin, yankan gandun daji da kuma dasa gonakin noma. Moushes kuma yakan lalace daga magungunan kashe ƙwari wanda mutane ke aiwatar da tsire-tsire. Don haka rayuwar wadannan kananan halittu masu rauni da ke rayuwa a cikin daji ba sauki.

Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu

Hoto: Hazel dormouse dabbobi

Masana ilimin kimiyya sun lura cewa yawan hazel dormouse, da ke rayuwa a cikin yanayi, yanayin yanayi, a hankali yana raguwa a kowace shekara, wanda yake matukar ba da tsoro. Ana lura da irin wannan tsari sosai a yankuna na arewacin mazaunin wannan dabba mai ban sha'awa. Ya kamata a sani cewa a ko'ina cikin kewayon yawan hazel dormouse ba su da yawa.

Har yanzu, yawan hazel dormouse bai kai muhimmin matsayi ba. A halin yanzu, wannan nau'in ƙwayoyin dabbobi suna cikin jerin jinsuna tare da ƙarancin barazanar zama, amma a cikin jerin ƙungiyoyin muhalli na duniya mousetraps suna da matsayi na musamman.

Cases tare da yawan adadin hazel dormouse ba iri daya bane a duk yankuna, a wasu yankuna ana ɗaukar wannan dabba a matsayin mai ƙarancin gado kuma an jera su a cikin Littafin Layi. Abun bakin ciki ne a gane hakan, amma wannan halin ya ci gaba a kasar mu, inda wannan karamin karami yake adadi kadan.

Babban lalacewar jama'a ana haifar dashi ba kawai mutum kaɗai ba, har ma da manyan yannuwa, wanda ba kowane dabba bane zai iya rayuwa. Akwai wata shaidar cewa kusan kashi 70 na mousetraps ba sa rayuwa mai tsananin sanyi kuma suna mutuwa daidai lokacin hutu. Ba shi da sauƙi ga irin wannan matattarar da za ta rayu cikin matsanancin yanayin damuna.

Kariya na dutsen hazel

Hoto: Hazel Sonia Littafin Ruwan Rasha

A kan yankin jiharmu, hazel dormouse yana da ƙananan adadi kaɗan, wanda sannu a hankali yana ci gaba da raguwa, saboda haka an jera wannan ƙaramin sand ɗin a cikin Littafin Red na ƙasarmu, ana ɗaukar shi mai wuya ne. Wannan na faruwa ba kawai saboda gaskiyar cewa mutane suna lalata wurare da yawa na tura ƙarfin zina ba, amma kuma saboda matsanancin sanyi, waɗanda ba sabon abu bane a cikin ƙasarmu, kuma ba shi da sauƙi ga matsanancin raye a cikin tsananin sanyi.

Akwai wata shaidar cewa a cikin Federationungiyar Tarayyar Rasha yawan fitowar hazel dormouse kusan uku ko hudu ne akan kowace hectare na yankin.

Yawancin hazel dormouse suna rayuwa ne a cikin yanayi na dabi'a a yankinmu Yaroslavl, wato, a cikin ƙungiyoyin al'adu na gargajiya a wannan yankin. Sau da yawa dabbobi suna mamaye wuraren gidaje da kuma gidajen dabbobi, ba sa jin kunya daga mutane. Yawancin lokuta ana san su lokacin da lambu mai son yin amfani da ƙananan hur tare da su yayin hunturu.

Yawancin waɗanda suke son waɗannan kyawawan dabbobin suna son ƙara yawan lambobin su ta hanyar haɓaka ƙira a gida, sa'an nan kuma kwato ƙarancin dormouse a cikin lambuna, gandun daji da wuraren shakatawa. A wasu yankuna, dormouse shima ana shafawa saboda mutane sukanyi amfani da farjin tare da magungunan kashe qwari, suna yakar anko. Ya kamata mutum yayi tunani game da gaskiyar cewa wannan yana haifar da mutuwar ba kawai kwari mai kwari ba, amma hazel dormouse, wanda ke kawo fa'idodi masu yawa, yana ba da gudummawa ga m pollination na yawancin tsire-tsire.

A ƙarshe, ya rage don ƙara da cewa hazel dormouse ƙanƙane ne, a lokuta da yawa marasa ƙarfi da saurin rauni, sabili da haka, ba tare da tallafin ɗan adam yana iya zama da wahala sosai don rayuwa ba, saboda yanayin yanayi a wasu lokuta yana da matsananciyar wahala. Kuma idan mutum ba ya son taimaka wa wannan ƙaramar halitta, to aƙalla hakanan ba zai cutar da waɗannan ƙananan yara masu daɗi ba, waɗanda ke yi kama da hasken rana mai haske a cikin manyan rassan bishiyoyi.

Wadannan halittu masu karamin karfi suna tausayawa da sha'awa, suna duban su, Ina so in kula kuma in kiyaye irin wannan jajayen kaya masu haske, ba don komai bane da yawa suna fararesu kamar dabbobi, saboda hazel dormouse kyau sosai-mai sihiri kuma mai sauƙi tamed.

Hazel nests

Dabbobi suna yin shimfidu masu gamsarwa don bacci, wanda aka sanya shi da gansakuka, ƙyalran itace, ganye, gashin fuka-fuki. A matsayin wurin "rana" Sony na iya zama:

• m,
• rami a ƙarƙashin tushen sa
• mink a karkashin tsohuwar kututture
• a gida, da kansa juya daga ciyawa, dakatar a tsawo na 1-2 m,
• ciyawar tsuntsu, wofi ko wacce daga can ne korar ta fitar da masu mallakar.

Idan Sonya bata iya samowa ko samar da gida ba daga kayan halitta, ba zata damu da amfani da fruitsa fruitsan hannun mutane ba: dasa kan tsohuwar gwangwani ko ƙyallen mota. Zasu iya mamaye gidan shimfidawa mara komai, zauna a cikin farfajiyar. Sonyaya daga cikin Sony na iya samun wurare da yawa don diaries sau ɗaya. Don hurawa, Sonya gina gida na musamman na hunturu - ƙarƙashin ƙasa ko tsakanin tushen bishiyoyi. Suna ƙoƙarin rufe shi gwargwadon abin da zai yiwu kuma su rufe ƙofar.

Don haifan zuriya, mata suna yi wa mazaunin fili mai zurfi, ƙoƙarin sanya shi a wani tsayi daga ƙasa. Falo biyu ne: itace daga ciki an yi shi ne da kayan fure, kuma “capsule” na ciki an yi shi ne da kayan da ya fi dacewa da Sonya - fuka-fukan, ƙasa, yankan ciyawa.

Tsawon rayuwa

Sony ba sa rayuwa a cikin daji na dogon lokaci, shekaru 2-3. A matsayin dabbobi, suna iya rayuwa tsawon rayuwa, har zuwa shekaru 7-8. Dalilin takaice rayuwa a cikin daji ba hadari bane kwata-kwata, amma akasari zafin jiki ne da kuma matsalolin muhalli. Dabbobi da yawa suna daskarewa a lokacin hiber (har zuwa 70% bisa ga yankin Moscow).

Habitat, mazauni

Sony ba sa son tafiya, mallake yankinsu, keɓe daban-daban ga kowane mutum. Mace ba sa keta dokar da ba ta rubutacciya na makircinsu tare da wani yanki na kusan rabin hectare, kuma maza sun ƙetare kayansu zuwa yankin sau biyu. Tare da juna, dabbobi suna haɗuwa na ɗan wani ɗan gajeren lokaci, kawai a lokacin lokacin balaga.

Don sasantawa na mouslovki, sun zabi wurare tare da karimci mai karimci, zai fi dacewa hazel (Saboda haka taken "hazel" a cikin sunan Sonya). 'Ya'yan itace, fure, fure, itacen oak, linden, ash cikakke ne ga rayuwarta. Har ila yau, masu barci suna rayuwa a cikin orchards, ba tare da cutar da su ba, akasin haka, suna ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen pollin. Suna son gandun daji coniferous ƙasa, sai dai idan akwai share tare da 'ya'yan itace da suka fi so.

Gidajen Sony yana da faɗi sosai: dabbobi suna rayuwa a ko'ina cikin Turai, har zuwa yankuna na kudancin Sweden da Ingila. Ba za ku sami Sonya ba a Spain da Fotigal - ya yi zafi sosai a gare su a kan Tekun Iberian. A cikin ƙasar Rasha, sony yana zaune a cikin gandun daji na Volga, Dnieper da Ciscaucasia.

Abincin Hazel

Hazel dormouse shine mai cin ganyayyaki. Tana cin kwayoyi, ciyawa, tsaba, wanda shine dalilin da yasa yana da mahimmanci cewa 'ya'yan itatuwa su girma a lokuta daban-daban a cikin mazauninta. A cikin kwanakin dumi na farkon bazara, mouslovka bai damu da cin yara matasa da harbe ba, kuma a lokacin rani zai ci sabo 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries tare da nishaɗi.

Idan sandar da ke kula da neman ƙwai tsuntsu ko ta kama tsutsa, ba zai ƙi abincin furotin ba. Kwayoyi suna amfani da ƙauna ta musamman game da dabba, wanda dormouse ya sami suna. Teethan haƙoran haƙora suna barin ramuka masu halayyar a cikin kwasfa Lokacin cin abinci, mai barci, kamar squirrel, yana ajiye abinci a cikin sahun gaba.

Kiwo da zuriya

Lokacin mating a cikin Sonya yana ɗaukar tsawon lokacin dumi. A wannan lokacin, mace na iya haihuwa sau biyu, a cikin dogon lokacin zafi - sau uku ga jarirai 2-6 a cikin liti ɗaya. Kiwo yana wuce kwanaki 22-25, sannan kuma a lokaci guda kuna buƙatar ciyar da sanduna. Sonya iyaye mata ne masu kulawa, ba a taɓa lura da cewa sun ci zuriyarsu ba. Idan uwar ta mutu, wani dormouse na iya ciyar da thean sandansu.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! Idan lokacin yayi sanyi kuma ana ruwa akai-akai, da maza ba zasu yi tafiya zuwa wuraren mata don dabbar ta hanyar canjin maza ba, kuma ba za ta yi kiwo ba.

Kamar kowane beraye, an haifar da dormouse matashi mai makaho kuma bashi da taimako. Kimanin kwanaki 18 suka yi kama da iyayensu. Lokacin da suka cika shekaru 40, suna shirye don rayuwa mai 'yanci. Amma yana faruwa idan zuriyar dabbobi tayi latti kuma yaran da suka girma basu da lokacin rabuwa, suna hunturu a mink daya da mahaifiyarsu. A farkon bazara, ƙananan dabbobi ba su iya haihuwa da kansu ba, don wannan kuna buƙatar hunturu, tun da shekara ɗaya.

Bincika

Fasali: Dabbobi masu shayarwa (MAMMALIA)

Squad: RODENTS (RODENTIA)

Iyali: SONY (MYOXIDAE)

Muhimmancin Kasa:
An haɗa nau'in a cikin Jeri na IUCN Red (LR / nt, ver. 2.3, 1994), Shafi na III na Berne Convention.

Bayanin:
Ofaya daga cikin jinsunan ƙarancin kwanciyar hankali na duniya. Tsawon jikin mutum baya wuce 90 mm, wutsiya - 80 mm. Yawan nauyin jikin mutum ya kai 40 g, amma yawanci ba shi da yawa. Jawo a baya da kuma tarnaƙi launi ne mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi. A saman wutsiya, wadda tayi ƙasa da ƙasa da ta sauran nau'in dormouse ta Turai, tana da launi iri ɗaya. Cutar tayi nauyi, yashi-launin shuɗi a launi. Shugaban ba tare da tsarin duhu ba a tarnaƙi. Kunnuwa suna gajeru, zagaye. Hazel dormouse yana ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan ƙwararrun halittu a cikin iyalinta. An bayyana wannan da farko a cikin tsarin gabar gabar mahaifa, wadanda sunada zurfin girma fiye da sauran hanyoyin barci, kuma suna dacewa sosai don hawa bishiyoyi. Yankin yatsa na ciki a kansu ana iya raguwa sosai, yawanci ba tare da dan yatsan hannu ba, yayin da sauran yatsunsu, duka na gaba da kafafun gaba, suna da tsawo. Abubuwan da ke ciki na ciki da na ciki a kan ƙafa suna da girma, kusan iri ɗaya ne a girman.

Rarraba:
Hazel dormouse ya zama ruwan dare a yawancin kewayonta. Yada ko'ina cikin sassan yamma da tsakiyar Turai, yana isa zuwa yamma zuwa arewacin Pyrenees da kuma Kudancin Burtaniya. Ana samun sa ko'ina a tsakiyar Turai, a yawancin Ukraine, a Latvia da Lithuania. Iyakokin gabas na kewayon sun ratsa tafin Volga da Middle Don. Belarus wani ɓangare ne na ɓangaren arewa-gabas na kewayon. Ana samun nau'in a ko'ina cikin ƙasar, amma yawancin abubuwan da ake samu suna cikin ɓangarensa na kudanci. An lura da Hazel dormouse a cikin National Park "Belovezhskaya Pushcha" (1950-80s), Luninetsky (1956, 1970, 1972), Stolin (1980s, 2001) da Baranovichi (2000) na yankin Brest. , filin shakatawa na Pripyatsky (1990s), a cikin Petrikovsky (1953) da kuma Zhitkovichi na yankin Gomel, Stolbtsovsky (1982), Myadelsky (1974) da Minsk (1999) gundumar Minsk, Novogrudsky gundumar yankin Grodno (1996), Vitebsk (1916) da gundumomin Gorodok (1999) na yankin Vitebsk.

Habitat:
Mushlovka yana zaune ne musamman a cikin rarrafe, da ba a gauraya ba, gandun daji tare da ƙaramar ƙima daga hazel da sauran katako, waɗanda ke aiki a matsayin ƙaƙƙarfan iyakancewar rarrabuwa a arewacin Belarus. An zaɓi fifiko zuwa wuraren gandun daji kusa da gefunan da keɓaɓɓun wuraren sharewa, tare da sharewa da hanyoyi. Wannan nau'in, sabanin sauran dormouse, ba shi da damuwa da rikicewar mazaunin gandun daji, amma ya dogara da yanayin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi.

Halittu:
Hazel sleepyhead yana aiki da maraice da daddare. A cikin bazara, bayan rashin himma, da kaka, a cikin shiri don ita, wani lokacin yakan fita daga gida yayin rana. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, mafaka ta rani mazaunin filaye ne da dabbobi suka gina ta hanyar dogayen reshe na bishiyoyi da tsintsaye 1-2 a saman ƙasa. Oftenarancin sau da yawa, nests zauna a ƙasa, ko a cikin zurfin bishiyoyi da kututture, a cikin nests na kananan tsuntsaye. Hazel dormouse ya gina matsugunai na hunturu a ƙarƙashin tushen bishiyoyi da ciyayi, a cikin cavities ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Wasu lokuta dabbobi kanyi amfani da sheƙun bishiya da ƙanana na wucin gadi don hunturu Gidajen hunturu, sabanin na bazara, suna da matattara. Mouslovka galibi nau'in herbivorous ne wanda ke amfani da abincin dabbobi kawai a wasu yanayi. Tushen abinci mai gina jiki shine tsaba, berries da 'ya'yan itatuwa, hazelnuts, acorns, zuwa ƙarancin ƙasa - sassan ganyayyaki. Abincin dabbobi - kwari daban-daban, qwai da kajin ƙananan tsuntsaye. Hazel dormouse ya sami damar yin tsirarwar kaka da ƙwayaye da ƙwayaye, waɗanda ake amfani da su don fita daga yanayin farawa. Hibernation yana farawa a ƙarshen Satumba - farkon Oktoba, ƙarshen - a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Dabbobi suna fara kiwo jim kaɗan bayan farkawar bazara. Mating yakan faru a cikin rabin na biyu na Mayu - farkon Yuni. Ciki yakan kai kwanaki 18-24. A karkashin yanayin Belarus, hazel dormouse, a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau, yanayin yanayin ruwa da abinci, na iya samun zuriyar dabbobi na biyu a rabin na Yuli. Girman tsintsiyar shine 3 cubs. Yawancin lokaci, ƙananan dabbobi suna zama tare da mace har na tsawon watanni biyu, amma a cikin yanayin sake maimaita kiwo, sai ta bar tsintsiya ta farko kwanaki 30-45 bayan haihuwar ta. Sau da yawa matasa girma winters tare da mahaifiyarsu. Hazel dormouse ya kai ga balaga a watan 10-11th na rayuwa. Tsawon rayuwa a cikin yanayi shine shekaru 3-4. Babban abokan hazel dormouse sune marten, ermine, weasel, nau'ikan owls. A lokacin hunturu, dawakai ta same su kuma suka ci dabbobin da suke bacci. Mousearamin maraƙi mai launin shuɗi, wanda ke da irin wadataccen muhalli, yana cin dan wasan matasa. Hazel dormouse a Belarus ba shi da wani amfani mai amfani ga ayyukan tattalin arziƙin ɗan adam.

Yawan da yanayin canjinsa:
Sakamakon ƙarancin dabbobi a cikin shekara ta 1 na rayuwa, babu raguwa mai kauri cikin lambobi. Babu takamaiman bayanai game da lambar da sauyinta a cikin shekaru don yankin Belarus.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da barazana:
Share fili a cikin gandun daji, lalata kananan hanyoyin ruwan daji lokacin ban ruwa da magudanar ruwa na yankuna, maye gurbin gandun daji da kuma hadaddun gandun daji na wucin gadi a sakamakon ayyukan daji, gasa tare da sauran nau'in dabbobi da tsuntsayen don wuraren kiwo.

Matakan Tsaro:
An saka shi a cikin Littafin Lissafi na Belarus tun daga 1993. Ya zama dole don ƙirƙirar ƙwararrun ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin mazaunan alƙalumman yankin. Ricuntatawa yankan fili, kazalika da haɓaka iyawar tsabtace ƙasa ta rataye rami da shimfiɗa ta wucin gadi, na iya ba da gudummawa ga kiyaye nau'in.

An kwafa ta:
An kwafa ta: Kashtalyan A.P.

Ina yake zama

Yana faruwa kusan a cikin Turai, sai dai daga kudu maso yamma - Spain da Portugal. Duk inda yake da wuya, a kan kadada ɗaya ba dabbobi sama da 4. A kan ƙasar Rasha ita ce ƙarshen gabashin kewayon hazel dormouse. A nan an rarraba shi daga yankin Kaliningrad zuwa yankin Volga, kuma yana samar da adadin mazaunan cikin yankin Caucasus.

Mafi kyawun wurin zama na dutsen hazel shine ƙarancin gandun daji hade da mahimmancin hazel, itacen oak, alder da sauran bishiyoyi masu lalacewa. Koyaya, a wasu wuraren da kewayonsa, yakan zauna a cikin dazuzzukan daji masu kyau, a cikin wasu kuma yakan zabi hakan kawai. Babban abin da ake buƙata shine kasancewar bishiyoyin m kamar yadda suka dace da nura. Idan wani m rami na halitta ko rami na wucin gadi wani ya shagaltar da shi, Hazel mai bacci yana da ƙarfi don fitar da masu sufurin (wagtail ko redstart) kuma ya zauna da kansa.

Menene kamarsa

Idan ba don wutsiya ba, wacce aka yi wa ado da buroshi, za a iya kuskure kuskuren ɗanɗano don linzamin kwamfuta. Hazel dormouse yana da madaidaiciyar paws. Suna taimaka mata ta hawa daji kuma suna hanyarsu don neman abinci tare da ƙananan rassan. Haske mai sauƙi - kimanin 25 g da tsawon jikin mutum har zuwa 15 cm ba ku damar hawa tare da tushe na ciyawa. Launin launin gashi ba mai tsayi da yawa na wannan dabbar yana da launin ja-ja; a cikin yawancin dabbobi na iya bambanta daga kusan rawaya zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai haske. A gefen ciki, rigar tana fari. Vibrissas ya kai rabin jikin Sonya kuma koyaushe suna cikin motsi, suna bincike sarari a gaban fuskar dabba.

Hijabi

A cikin hunturu, Sonya ya fadi cikin tsawan lokaci, yana farkawa ne kawai a watan Afrilu ko Mayu. A cikin bazara, kafin ɓarkewar hutawa, alamun bacci suna ci da yawa. Likitocin dabbobi na zoo sun ci gaba da jayayya ko shin mai barci yana adana abinci don hunturu. Wataƙila, ya dogara da ɗan adam dabba yana zaune, da kuma halayen yanayin yankin. Don rashin isasshen yanayi, suna motsawa daga nunan zuwa shinge na karkashin kasa, galibi zuwa cikin ramuka mara izuwa wasu sandunan.

Gidaje na hunturu suna samun iska tare da zuriyar busassun ciyawa, gansakuka, gashinsa, ulu. A lokacin rashin himma, zafin jikin Sonya ya sauka zuwa 0.2-0.5 ° C (a yawan zafin jikin dabbobi na 34-36 ° C), numfashi da bugun zuciya sun zama kusan ba a ji da kansu.

Sonya isnashikaya

Duk yankuna na Belarus.

Yankin Brest - Baranavichy, Brest, Ivatsevichi, Kamenetsky, Kobrinsky, Luninetsky, Pinsky, Pruzhansky, Stolin

Yankin Vitebsk - Gundumomin Vitebsk, Gorodok

Yankin Gomel - Zhitkovichsky, Petrikovsky gundumomi

Yankin Grodno - Novogrudok, Svisloch gundumomi

Yankin Minsk - Vileysky, Myadelsky, Pukhovichsky, Stolbtsovsky yankuna

Iyalin Soniaceae (Myoxidae).

An gano abubuwan nema a duk yankuna na jamhuriyyar. Sonya hazel ko mouslovka a Belarus wani nau'in halitta ne da ba kasafai yake rayuwa ba musamman a kudanci da kuma tsakiyar yankin, inda ya fi yawa, amma saboda yanayin sirrinsa, da alama babu wuya. Har zuwa kwanan nan, an dauke shi azaman ƙaramin nau'in halitta. Abinda aka saba, a wasu wurare da yawa nau'ikan Brest Polesie kuma mafi yawan nau'in eurytopic na Sonia a wannan yankin. An kafa kungiyoyi masu dorewa a cikin gandun daji 23. Jimlar a cikin yankin Brest shine mutum dubu 150. relativelyarancin yawan dormouse na gandun daji a yankuna daban-daban na Polesie (Zenina da Moroz, 1998, Demyanchik, 2000). An samo adadin adadin ragowar kwarangwal na hazel dormouse a cikin labarun owls na yankuna Brest da Grodno (Demyanchik, 1999).

Mafi karancin yanayin baccinmu. Tsawon jiki 5.8-8.8 cm, tsayin wutsiya 5.5-7.5 cm, ƙafa 1.5-1.85 cm, kunne 1.1-1.2 cm, nauyin jikin 15-23 (har zuwa 40 d). Jiki ya yi laushi, kai yana zagaye, kunnuwa masu gajeru ne, idanun manya ne, convex.

Jawo gashi yana da ɗan gajeru, taushi, mai laushi. Launin gefen baya yana da faɗi, ventral fararen fata ne, kirji da makogwaron suma suna da fararen fata. Wutsiya tayi duhu sosai fiye da baya.

Daga gandun daji da lambuna masu barci ana rarrabe ta ta rashin baƙar fata a gefunan kai, daga Sonya regiment a cikin ƙananan girma, daga mice a cikin ɗimbin yawa na wutsiya.

Yana zaune a cikin nau'ikan daji iri daban-daban. Ya fi son daɗaɗɗen-yisti (musamman itacen oak) da kuma gandun daji gauraye (Birch-aspen) tare da ingantaccen haɓaka mai zurfi wanda ya ƙunshi hazel, willow, buckthorn, linden, maple da ƙuruciya.

Brood nests, har ma da wadatar da aka gina a farkon bazara da kaka, yawanci ya ƙunshi yadudduka 2: harsashi da ganyen bishiyoyi da tsirrai da kuma ɓoyayyen rufin ciki da aka kafa na sassan hatsi ko sedges. A cikin gida yana yin liyi tare da kayan lambu Fluff. Hazel dormouse ya zauna a cikin manyan wuraren shakatawa, da yardar rai yana amfani da rami na wucin gadi, na iya haɗa kawunann sa zuwa rassan bishiyoyi da tsirrai. Garkunan dabbobi suna da nau'i iri-iri, gwargwadon dalilin su. Gidajen da ke zaune a ciki, waɗanda dabbobi ke amfani da su a cikin hunturu, an gina su ne daga kayayyaki daban-daban (mai tushe na tsirrai, busassun ganye, gansakuka, da dai sauransu) kuma suna kan ƙasa ko ƙasa. Mazaunan rani na Sonya sun bambanta a cikin tsarin su da kayan gini. Zai iya zama buɗaɗɗun a buɗe a cikin cokali na cokalin bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi, ko kuma a dakatar da nests daga rassan. Nests na iya zama mai sihiri, m ko wasu sifofi waɗanda aka yi kawai daga ganyen bishiyoyi ko tsire-tsire. Kamar yadda ake lika, ana amfani da kayan ganyayyaki da ganyayyaki na kayan marmari. Wasu lokuta dabbobi suna amfani da tsoffin buɗaya da mafaka na tsuntsaye da dabbobi.

Hazel dormouse yana aiki a maraice da dare. Mutane manya, musamman tsofaffin mata, suna ci gaba da kasancewa a kan mazauninsu na yau da kullun. Rukunin yanar gizo na mata yawanci ba sa tare da juna. Yawancin matasa, musamman ma zuriyar dabbobi na farko, a farkon kaka na rayuwarsu suna ƙaura daga nesa kusan kilomita 1. Yawancin matasa dabbobi suna yin hibernate a wuraren haihuwa, musamman waɗanda aka haife su a rabi na biyu na bazara. Namijin zelan mace lokacin haila sun fi na mata ƙarfi. Gidansu ya mamaye tare da mata. Matasa suna sasanta daidaikun mutane, sun kai shekara guda, suna samun shafuka kyauta kuma sun fara jagoranci mai tsayayyar rayuwa.

Sony suna samar da nau'ikan nau'ikan alamomin 6 na alamun jijiya (whistles) waɗanda ke ɗaukar bayanai daban-daban waɗanda ke da mahimmanci don haifuwa, ceto daga abokan gaba, abinci mai gina jiki, da sauransu.

Abincin abinci mai gina jiki na hazel dormouse ya bambanta, ya haɗa da tsire-tsire iri iri, 'ya'yansu da tsaba. Dabba ta fi son hazelnuts, acorns, blueberries, strawberries, raspberries, blackberries, lingonberries, da sauransu A cikin bazara zai iya lalata haushi a kan rassan apical na matasa (shekaru 10-15). Wani lokacin yakan ci kwari da yawa. A ƙarshen bazara - farkon kaka, sony yana tara mai mai yawan ƙwayar ƙasa, saboda yawan adadin su yana ƙaruwa da kashi 50-80%, wani lokacin ma har ninki biyu.

Tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, dabbobi suna shiga cikin yanayin farashi, lokaci da tsawon lokacinsu wanda ya dogara da yanayin yanayin muhalli. A ranar hawan rashin hankali, dormouse sony barin waje nests da hibernate a cikin mafaka daban-daban: a voids karkashin tushen itatuwa, a karkashin fadama, da dai sauransu Dabbobin sun fi thermophilic da bambanci da sauran dormouse har ma a lokacin bazara da bazara lokacin da zazzabi ya sauka zuwa 10 ° C. na iya zama makoki na tsawon kwanaki. A lokacin rashin himma, yanayin zafin jiki na hazel dormouse ya ragu zuwa 0.5-1 ° C.

A matsakaici, farkon ɓarkewa shine ƙarshen Satumba - farkon Oktoba, bazara ta farka ƙarshen Afrilu - Mayu.

Ba da daɗewa ba bayan farkawa, hazel dormouse fara haihuwa. Maza manya sun fara farkawa, bayan wani lokaci (kwana 7-10) mata. Ba duk matan da ke overwintered ba, musamman ma zuriyar dabbobi na biyu, suna cikin aikin kiwo.

Matsakaicin lokacin haihuwar hazel dormouse a Belarus suna cikin Mayu - Agusta. A cikin shekaru masu kyau, lokacin kiwo zai iya ci gaba har zuwa Satumba. A wannan lokacin, mace na kawo 1-2, sau da yawa 2 litters of 1-7 (yawanci 4-5) na 'ya'yan a cikin kowane. Yawan lokacin ciki shine kwanakin 22-25, lactation shine kwanaki 27-30. Matasa an haife su tsirara, makafi, marasa taimako kuma suna buƙatar kulawa da uwa, wanda ke ciyar da ɗiyarta. A ƙarshen kwanakin farko na 10 na rayuwa, an cika jikin san sandunan tare da gashi na yara, auricle an kafa. Lokacin da shekarun 20-22 suka gabata, haɓaka matasa suna hawa rassan da kyau, idan akwai haɗari, yaran sun yi tsalle daga gida inda suka ɓoye. Daga wannan zamani, suna yin yunƙurin cin abinci da kansu, suna barin ciyarwa tare da mahaifiyarsu. Bayan kwanaki 35-40, iyalai masu duhu sun fara lalacewa, matasa sun kai nauyin 10-13 g kuma suna rayuwa mai zaman kanta. Zuriyar brood na biyu, wanda ya bayyana a ƙarshen bazara - farkon kaka, yawanci yakan fita tare da mahaifiyarsu don hunturu. Matasa masu barci masu barci sosai, motsin su sunyi kyau fiye da na manya.

Lokacin wata biyu da haihuwa, wasu mutane sukan balaga.

Ba a yin nazarin yanayin kuzarin hazel a Belarus.

Ba a lura da yawan kiwo ba. Yawancin lokaci akwai sauƙin canzawa cikin lambobi a cikin shekaru. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a lokacin hibernation da kuma lokacin bazara, yawancin waɗanda aka haife su da kuma wani muhimmin sashi na dabbobi manya sun mutu, wanda ke rage damar haihuwa da yawan jama'a, saboda haka, haɓaka cikin lambobi.

Hazel dormouse yana da ƙarancin abokan gaba. Zai iya zama ganima ta ƙauna, kuskure, pine marten da sauran dabbobi masu yanke hukunci. Ectoparasites suna kawo lahani ga dabbobi, a cikinsu akwai asawwara suka fara aiki a farkon.

Aka jera a cikin Littafin Red na Rasha

Hazel dormouse, ko mouslovka, an jera su a cikin IUCN Red Book, a kan yankin na Federationungiyar Rasha, a cikin Litattafan Red of dama yankuna, musamman, Moscow da Bryansk. Dalilin raguwar adadin wannan sashin shine lalata mazaunin mazauni da wuraren kiwo, kuma a wasu yankuna ma ana kula da cututtukan kwari da kwari domin yakar kashin ixodid.

Rarrabawa

Mulkin: Dabbobi (Dabbobin dabbobi).
Nau'i: Chordates (Chordata).
Fasali: Dabbobi masu shayarwa (Mammalia).
Squad: Rodents (Rodentia).
Iyali: Sonia (Gliridae ko Myoxidae).
Jinsi: Sony Hazel (Muscardinus).
Duba: Hazel Dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius).

Abinci mai gina jiki

Abincin abinci mai gina jiki na hazel dormouse ya ƙunshi yawancin bishiyoyi na bishiyoyi da tsirrai na daji (kwayoyi, acorns, chestnuts, beech, nuts leind) da kuma wasu 'ya'yan itace da' ya'yan itace da yawa. Abin da aka fi so ga Hazelnuts shine ƙwayayen hazel. A farkon bazara, dabbar tana amfani da ƙananan harbe da fure don abinci. A cewar wasu majiyoyi, babu abincin dabbobi a cikin abincinsa, a cewar wasu an yi imanin cewa hazel dormouse na kai hari kan kananan hanyoyin wuce gona da iri da kuma lalata kwai. Sonia tana guje wa abinci mai yawa na cellulose saboda tana ɓacewa [ saka ] cecum inda ake narke cellulose.

Tsarin rayuwa

Hazel dormouse ya fito ne daga rashin kunya a watan Afrilu-Mayu. Waɗannan dabbobin dabbobi ne kawai waɗanda ba su da marmarin sadarwa, kawai banda kawai shine lokacin kiwo, wanda ya ƙare daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba. A lokacin haila, mace tana kawo litter 1-2 na kwalayen 2-8 kowannensu, a wasu shekaru broods na iya zuwa 3. Bayan mating, mace na gina gwanayen ganye, wanda ya kunshi ganyen ganyen da ke ciki da kuma kwalliyar ciki daga abin softer - ciyawar ciyawa mai tushe, gashin tsuntsu, ulu. Cutar ciki tana ɗaukar kwanaki 22-25, lactation - 27-30. Cubs an haife shi makaho, duba daga 18-19 kwanaki. A wannan lokacin, sun sami ci gaba sosai, samari masu dormouse suna da sauri kuma sun fi maza girma. Suna farawa da shekaru 35. Litaramin litter shaye shaye tare da mahaifiyarsu da kawai zaunar da na gaba shekara. Hazel dormouse ya isa balaga ta watanni 11-12, don haka suka fara kiwo ne kawai bayan lokacin sanyi na farko.

Hibernation yana farawa a watan Oktoba, ko a baya - idan zazzabi sama ta faɗi ƙasa + 15 ° C. Ko da a cikin bazara da bazara, lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya sauka, dormouse na iya zama adadi don kwanaki da yawa kuma barci a cikin shimfidar kuransu, a cikin murhun shaggy mai yawa. Kafin rashin isasshen hutu, alamun bacci suna cin abinci sosai, amma ba sa karɓar kayayyaki don hunturu. Don hurawa, suna motsawa daga matasansu zuwa shinge na karkashin kasa, galibi zuwa cikin ramuka mara izuwa wasu sandunan. Wintering nests an rufe shi da zuriyar dabbobi na busassun ciyawa, gansakuka, gashinsa, ulu. A lokacin rashin himma, zafin jikin Sonya ya sauka zuwa 0.25-0.5 ° C (a zazzabi na al'ada 34-36 ° C).

Mutuwar dabbobi yayin iskewar gashi ya kai kashi 70% (Yankin Moscow). Matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar hazel dormouse shine shekaru 3, yawancin dabbobi suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 2-2.5, a cikin bauta - har zuwa shekaru 6. Saboda ƙananan lambobin su da aiki a cikin rawanin rawanin bishiyoyi da na bushes na daji, hazel dormouse ba su taka rawar gani ba a cikin abincin masu cin abincin. Suna iya zama ganima na haɗari don owls, weasels, ermines, dutse da martens daji, da kuliyoyi. A cikin hunturu, foxes da boars daji za a iya rusa su.

Lambar

A cikin ɗan ƙaramin yanki, wanda ya mamaye ɓangaren gabashin ɓangaren kewayon hazel dormouse, an rarraba jinsunan ta hanyar da yawa kuma ba su da yawa. A cikin ƙasar Rasha, yawan ƙimar hazel ba ta taɓa wuce mutum 3.9 a 1 ha.

Daga cikin nau'ikan dormouse da ke zaune a yankin Turai na Rasha, hazel dormouse ya fi dacewa don gyaran gida. Wadannan dabbobin suna da sauki a tarko kuma suna iya kawo zuriya cikin bauta.