Lycaena Icarus shine malam buɗe ido, wakilin dangi Lycaenidae, wanda ba kasafai ake magana ba kawai ga malam buɗe ido, har ma ga sauran kwari, da shuɗin launi na fuka-fuki.
Icarus - karamin malam buɗe ido - fuka-fukan sa ya kai mm 25-25. Ana bambanta maza da fuka-fuki mai launin shuɗi wanda wani yanki mai kunkuntar launin fata ta keɓaɓɓu, kuma sutturar mace ba ta dace da sunan "Lycaenidae" - fikafikanninta suna da launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi kuma suna da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi kawai a ƙarshen reshe, gefuna fikafikan suna cike da jan ramuka. Partashin ɓangare na fikafikan mata biyu yana fentin launin toka kuma yana da aibobi da yawa na fata. A cikin wannan nau'in malam buɗe ido, ƙafafun gaba na ƙasa sun fi guntu da na sauran.
Gasar mazaunin wannan kwari ita ce gaba ɗayan Eurasia mai ban sha'awa, ban da tsibirin Jafananci, saboda haka, Icarus lycaenidae yana yaduwa a cikin Rasha duka a cikin ɓangaren Turai da kuma Asiya (Gabas ta Tsakiya, Siberiya).
Lycaenidae basu da ma'ana ga zabin mazauninsu. Ana iya samun su a cikin gonaki na nau'ikan daban-daban, farin ciki, share-share, gefuna, hanyoyi daban-daban na manyan hanyoyi da layin dogo, wuraren da babu kowa a ciki, lambuna, wuraren shakatawa har ma a cikin manyan fareti na birni. Daga wannan yana biye da cewa kowane ɗayan baƙi na kowane wurin shakatawa na Moscow suna da damar haɗuwa da wannan ɗan ƙaramin ɗanɗano mai laushi. A cikin yankuna na kudanci na kasar, Icara butterflies ya rufe "alfalfa" tare da "shuhudi magana". Malam buɗe ido yana ciyar da mafi yawan nau'ikan tsire-tsire masu kafaɗa (melilot, gorse, da sauransu).
Dogaro da latti, yana da ikon haɓakawa a cikin ƙarni na 2-3. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, alal misali, a cikin yanki na Ukraine da kuma Crimea, ci gaban ƙarni na huɗu kuma zai yiwu. A cikin Kudancin Gabashin Turai zaka iya samun manya kusan kowane lokaci daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba. Yawancin lokaci, mace tana sanya kwai ɗaya a saman ɓangaren ganyen ganyayyaki, wanda take ciyarwa, amma wani lokacin a petioles na ƙananan ganye ko a saman tushe. Mafi sau da yawa, mace kan zaɓi waɗancan tsire-tsire waɗanda ke girma kusa da anthills. Idan yanayin yayi m, to, kusan sati daya bayan haka sai an kawo karamar lardin maciji ya bayyana. Ana iya gane su da launi (kore tare da ratsin rawaya tare da bayan) da kuma nau'ikann su na musamman (convex karfi da ciki, lebur mai laushi, kamar lice itace). Legumes na takan zama abinci a gare su, amma ba nectar ba, amma ganyaye, tunda caterpillars, sabanin ƙusoshin kuliyoyi, suna da ƙaƙƙarfan bakin bakin bakin.
Abin sha'awa shine, matasa "mata masu ƙugi" masu ƙyamare, da farko sun rufe ganye na sama, suna sauka kaɗan kuma suna "abokai" tare da tururuwa. Zasu iya haɓaka dogon lokaci kusa da su - a kan ciyawa dake kusa da anthills, yayin da suke zaman lafiya cikin kwanciyar hankali har ma da sauran nau'ikan jinsinsu. A mafi yawan halayen, na karshe caterpillars hunturu, m sau da yawa, pupae. A matsayin wurin hunturu, sun zabi mai tushe, wurare a gindin tsirrai ko zuriyar dabbobi. Sau da yawa tururuwa “taimako” masu zuwa malam buɗe ido ta hanyar kawo pupae cikin “ɗakuna masu dumi” - nau'ikan fasa da sauran mafaka a cikin ƙasa.
Wannan malam buɗe ido yana da matuƙar godiya ga mutum, saboda yana kawo fa'idodi masu yawa ga yanayi, kasancewar mai yin fure da furanni na yawancin daji da tsire-tsire masu ba da izini.
Don kwatanci da hotunan sauran mazaunan wuraren shakatawa na Moscow, duba sashen Dabbobin.
Labau bayyanar
A cikin girman, waɗannan baƙin labartan galibi ba su da girma. Suna da launin shuɗi mai haske na fikafikai.
A waje, dukkan nau'ikan lycaenidae suna kama da juna, amma sun banbanta da yanayin zubewar jikin ƙananan fuka-fuki.
Malam Buɗe Ido Lycaenidae (Lycaenidae).
Ana nuna bambancin jima'i a fili, wannan sananne ne musamman a cikin canza launi na fikafikan - maza suna da ƙarin sautunan m.
Kankunnen fikafi a cikin mafi yawan nau'in bai wuce milimita 40 ba, yayin da suke cikin nau'in wurare masu zafi kuma sun kai girman milimita 60. Ingsarfin ƙaho mai fadi, a kan fikafikan hular ƙaramin “wutsiya” wani lokaci ana ganinsa.
Launin shuɗi na fuka-fukan mace ba kamar yadda ake furta shi bane kamar na maza.
Idanun Lycaenidae m tare da daraja, m. Smallaramin abu ne, saboda haka ba za su iya tsoratar da maharbin ba. Amma Lycaenidae suna amfani da idanunsu ba don tsoratar da tsuntsu ba, amma don rarrashi. Wasu ƙananan halittar da ke ƙasa da fikafikan suna da “kawuna”. Lokacin da tsuntsu ya peci malam buɗe ido a cikin wannan kai, to kawai yana da ɓangaren reshe, kuma malam buɗe ido yana sarrafawa don ɓoyewa. Palps gajere, da ƙirar antennae-mai siffa. Kafafun gaba suna da guntu da baya da na tsakiya, suna da kambori ɗaya a kowane. Forearfin damfar maza ba su da matsala, ba a amfani da su yayin tafiya, kuma a cikin mata duka ƙafafu suna da kyau.
Fasali na Lycaena Caterpillars
Abubuwan da ke tattare da waɗannan ƙwayoyin buɗe ido suna cikin mycelium-kamar, ɗakin kwana a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren, kuma baya-bayanan suna cikin halin ƙaƙa sosai. Jikin yayi gajere kuma kai karami ne. Tsawon waƙar ba ta wuce milimita 20 ba.
Sun zauna akan bushes da bishiyoyi. Caterpillars suna jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa. Saboda siffar jikinsu da launi iri iri, suna wanzuwa a ganyayyaki na ciyawar ciyayi. Yawancin caterpillars na Lycaenidae suna cin aphids, mealybugs, da sauran dabbobi masu fuka-fukai; akwai kuma maganganun cin naman mutane. Wasu nau'ikan sune symbionts na tururuwa, sun zauna akan tsire-tsire kusa da anthills, kuma pupae suna haɓaka a cikin mazaunin tururuwa.
Partashin ƙananan fuka-fuki na Lycaena yana da sautin murya.
Lycaena pupae ba zai iya kwanciyar hankali ba kawai a cikin ƙasa, amma kuma ana iya haɗa shi zuwa rassan da ganye tare da gizo gizo gizo. Tailarfin plum wutsiya tayi kama da tsinkayen tsuntsu, don haka ta kasance ba'a iya ganinta ba. Kuma idan kuka hargitsa dunkule a cikin itacen oak, yana sa sauti mai ban tsoro da tsoro. Pupae na chervonets mai kama da launuka iri ɗaya suna kama da inedible chrysalis na ladybugs.
Myrmecophilia Lycaenidae
Kimanin rabin rabin mata na Lycaenidae a cikin ci gaba suna da alaƙa da tururuwa. Caterpillars da lycaena pupae suna da alamomin kemikal da alamun cututtukan cututtukan da ke ba su damar sarrafa halayen tururuwa. Bugu da kari, ana fitar da wani ruwa mai zaki a jikin jikkunan mata, wanda ke jan hankalin tururuwa.
Malam Buɗe Ido Lycaena - kyakkyawa mai kyan gaske.
Yawancin jinsunan Lycaenidae suna rayuwa ta kud da kud tare da bishiran makiyaya. Misali, caterpillars na Alcone lycaenidae suna rayuwa a cikin fure na tsawon sati 3, sannan suka gangaro zuwa kasa a zaren siliki. A cikin ƙasa, suna jira har sai an gano su ta hanyar tururuwa na aiki kuma an kai su zuwa tururuwa. A cikin tururuwa, caterpillars suna hibernate kuma suna cin pupae da tsutsa kwari. Pupation yana faruwa a cikin tururuwa, wata daya bayan haka malam buɗe ido ya fito daga pupa, wanda ya fita daga cikin ƙyar.
Yawancin nau'ikan lycaenidae suna haɓaka ne kawai a cikin mazaunin wasu nau'in tururuwa, amma alkones na iya tsayawa a cikin tsintsayen kowane nau'in tururuwa waɗanda suke kusa.
Rayuwar Lycaenidae
'Yan kwari na mutanen Lycaenidae suna ƙoƙari su karɓi yankin nasu. Sun zauna a kan rawanin bishiyoyin da ke zaune a wurare masu tsayi, kuma daga makircinsu ke jan ragowar maza. Wasu lokuta zasu iya kaiwa wasu nau'in rubabbun bisharar kwaroro, hummingbirds har ma wasps.
A cikin ƙasarmu suna zaune da icarus ɗin polyommatus, furen fuka-fukan wanda ya kai santimita 3.5. Tana ba da tsararraki 2 a shekara. Balagaggu na waɗannan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa sun fi son Clover. Wadannan 'yan kwalliya masu kyau suna zaune a duk faɗin Rasha.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.