1. Tsuntsayen Marabou suna cikin dangin storks.
2. Wadannan tsuntsayen galibi suna zaune ne a Kudancin Asiya, da kuma a Kudancin Sahara. Suna zaune a ƙasashe masu ɗumi inda yanayin yanayi yake da zafi amma kuma laima.
3. Ba kamar sauran tururuwa ba, marabou a cikin jirgin sama ba ya mika wuyansa, amma tanƙwara shi kamar herons
4. Duk da yanayin rashin nuna yanayin, larabawa suna girmama wannan tsuntsu sosai, suna dubanta alama ce ta hikima. Wannan shi ne abin da ya ba ta suna "marabu" - daga kalmar "mrabut" - wannan shine sunan malamin tauhidi musulinci.
5. Wadannan tsuntsayen sun kasu kashi uku - Indiya, Afirka da Javanese marabou.
6. Tsawon tsuntsayen halittun Marabu ya bambanta daga 110 zuwa 150 santimita, fikafikai - daga 210 zuwa 250 santimita. Amfanin irin wannan tsuntsu na iya wuce kilo 8.
7. Jikin na sama da fuka-fukai na marabu baƙi ne, ƙananan sashin sun yi fari. A gindin wuya wani farin frill ne. Tsuntsayen Youngan matasa suna da ƙananan motley fiye da balaga
8. Shugaban ya aske kansa, yana da babban katako mai kauri da kauri. A cikin tsuntsaye manya, jaka na fata suna rataye a kirji. Wannan jakar makogwaron tana da haɗi tare da hanci, saboda haka zai iya ɗaukar iska ya yi sanyi yayin da marabou yake hutawa.
9. Rashin yin girki a kai da wuya na tsuntsu ya kasance ne saboda yawan abincin da yake ci. Bayan duk wannan, marabou suna ciyar da abinci, saboda haka yanayi a hanzarce yana hana su wannan murfin saboda fuka-fukan ba su gurbata yayin abinci ba.
10. Kamar duk wakilan Ciconiiformes na oda, marabou suna da baki mai kauri na santimita 30 da tsayi. Tare da irin wannan "kayan aiki" tsuntsu ya karya ta fata dabba, kuma yana iya hadiye ƙasusuwa duka. Hakanan, marabou na iya ɗaukar ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi, wasu 'yan amphibians da kwari.
Marabou na Afirka
11. Marabou dan Afirka shine mafi girma a cikin dangin Stork. Daga sunan nan da nan ya bayyana sarai cewa tsuntsu ɗan asalin Afirka ne.
12. Gidajen su shine cibiyar da kuma Kudancin Afirka; waɗannan tsuntsayen ba a samun su ne kawai a Afirka ta Kudu. Sun gwammace su zauna a cikin tudu, savannah, kwaruruka na kogi da kuma wuraren lalatattu. Shin, ba ya zauna a cikin gandun daji da hamada.
13. Yawancin lokuta ana samun su a wuraren samar da ƙasa kusa da manyan biranen. Hakanan zaka iya haɗuwa dasu a kusa da kifi da wuraren yanka, inda ake asarar abinci mai yawa, wanda wasunsu ke zuwa marabou.
14.African marabou na iya kaiwa santimita 150 a tsayi kuma yana nauyin kilo 9. Wingspan - mita 2.5-3.2. A tsawon, jikinsu ya kai mita 1.2-1.3. Babu wani bambance banbanci tsakanin mace da namiji, sai dai cewa maza sun fi maza girma.
15. Wakilan wannan nau'in suna da tsabta, tataccen abincin da tsuntsaye suke wanka da farko sai kawai a ci. Kuma marabou na Afurka da kansu ba ya kan iya shan wanka.
Indo marabu
16. Marabou a yanayi yana yin aiki mai mahimmanci: suna cin gawawwaki, ta hakan ke tsarkake duniya da hana fara cututtuka da annoba.
17. Suna kuma fa'idodi a birane, inda yawan wakilai na waɗannan masu ba da izini suke tarawa a cikin shara, suna cin duk abin da zasu iya hadiya.
18. Tushen abincin waɗannan tsuntsayen abin cin abinci ne, amma za su iya cin ganima, idan girman wanda aka kashe ya ba shi damar hadiye shi nan da nan. Zai iya zama kajin sauran tsuntsaye, frogs, toads, dabbobi masu rarrafe, kifi, qwai.
19. Marabu ya zauna cikin manyan yankuna. Kada ku ji tsoron kusanci mutane, wata hanya kuma a kusa - kusan sau da yawa waɗannan tsuntsaye suna bayyana a ƙauyuka, kusa da filaye, suna ba da shawarar neman abinci a can.
20. Marabu da kwari ne ke aiki kamar yadda aka tsara tsarin muhalli. Yawancin lokaci, kwari sukan fara rushe gawa na dabbar, tana lalata fata. Kuma marabou, yana jira na wani ɗan lokaci na lokaci mai kyau, kama wani ɗannani na mamaci a cikin motsi guda ɗaya, bayan wannan kuma sun sake komawa gefe don jiran lokacin da ya dace.
21. Don haka, ciyawa da masarau suna cin duk naman, suna barin kwarangwal a cikin rana kawai. Kwarewar wadannan tsuntsayen yana bada tabbacin kyakkyawan tsarar mazauninsu daga ragowar dabbobi da suka lalace.
Javanese marabu
22. Javanese marabu, wannan wani nau'in halitta ne.
23. Marabou tsuntsaye ne da ke zama a cikin mazauna. Suna gano ƙauyukan su, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin ƙauyukan makiyaya iri daban-daban dabbobi, har ma da kusa da gonaki da filayen kiwo.
24. Godiya ga wadannan tsuntsayen, an hana rigakafin cututtuka daban-daban, abin da ya haifar da yaɗuwa anan da can a cikin waɗannan yanayin yanayin.
25. Waɗannan tsuntsayen ba sa barin wurin zaman su na yau da kullun, kodayake, idan sun matsa wurin neman sabon wurin da za'a ciyar da su, suna yi tare - wannan kyakkyawar gani ce.
26. Marabou na da mazaunan manyan yankuna. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna gina gida daga rassan da rassan. A diamita, mazaunin Marabou kusan mil zurfi ne - 30-40 santimita.
27. Suna cikin rawanin bishiyoyi a tsawan kilogram 15-25 zuwa ƙasa. A wasu halaye, nests na iya kasancewa a kan tsaunin tsaunin.
28. Marabou ya zama mai balaga da jima'i a shekaru 4-5. A lokacin damina, marabou yana farawa da lokacin kiwo, kuma kajin sun yi biris lokacin fari. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa dabbobi da yawa suna mutuwa ba tare da ruwa ba, kuma lokacin bukin biki ya isa Marabou.
29. Bakincikinsu ya ƙunshi ƙwai 2-3. Dukansu mace da namiji suna ƙyanƙyashe ƙwai. Tare, suna kula da samari har sai 'ya'yansu sun sami cikakken' yanci.
30. Lokacin shiryawa yana kimanin wata daya. Wadannan tsuntsayen iyaye ne masu kulawa, suna kiwon kajin su na dogon lokaci, suna ciyarwa, tsarewa, tsarewa da koyarwa. A cikin gida, kajin suna yin watanni 4, bayan haka suka fara tashi.
31. Yayin da kajin suke cikin gida, sukan ciyar da abinci mai rai wanda iyayensu suka kawo masu.
32. Yana faruwa cewa ɗan Marabou na Afirka ya tashi kuma ya nemi ganima. Wannan yawanci yakan faru ne a wuraren kiwo na ungulates. Da zaran xaya daga cikin dabbobin ya mutu, masu neman aikin sun tattara nan da nan.
33. A cikin Kenya, a Nairobi, waɗannan tsuntsaye suna zaune a birane, suna ƙirƙira gidaje a kan bishiyoyi, kuma tare, a cikin nau'i-nau'i, ƙyanƙyashe zuriya, ba sa kula da hayaniya da din.
34. Yawan Marabou na Afirka yana da yawan jama'a masu yawan gaske, saboda haka ba a fuskantar barazanar lalacewa.
35. Hakanan, wadannan tsuntsayen sun kama kifi: marabou ya zama cikin ruwa mara zurfi kuma yana barin ɗan ƙaramin bakin bude kadan ga ruwa, da zaran kifin ya shiga ciki, naman sa yana yanka kuma marabou ya haɗiye ganima.
36. Saboda girman girma, wani lokacin marabou sukan kyale kansu su ɗauki abinci daga karami, ko da kuwa m, ko mafarauta, alal misali, daga gaggafa.
37. Wani lokacin ana kiran maraba wani tsuntsu mai kamun kai don yawan kyaututtukan sa da kuma kyakkyawan tsarin soji.
38. A cikin jirgin sama, marabou sun iya hawa zuwa tsayin 4000 mita. Wannan yana da ban mamaki, idan akayi la'akari da gaskiyar cewa marabou shine, sanya shi a hankali, tsuntsu mai nauyi, amma yana samar da irin wannan jirgi mai girma ta amfani da hawan iska.
39. Kallon wannan tsuntsu kuwa bakuyi tunanin cewa wata kyakkyawar dabi'a ce a fasahar sarrafa hawan hayoyin.
40. Dangane da farauta, an bambanta ma'anar maza da maza ta hanyar inganta yanayi. Yana faruwa sau da yawa ma'aurata suna zama a cikin tsohuwar mazaunin, wanda aka samu “ta hanyar gado”, kawai dan ƙara haɓaka shi.
41. Akwai lokuta idan marabou yana da asali daga tsara zuwa tsara zuwa wuri guda a cikin wurin shekara hamsin!
42. Aikin marabou na ibada ya banbanta da irin koyarwar da muka saba. Matan suna yin gwagwarmaya don hankalin namiji ne wanda yake zaba ko ya musanya masu da'a. Bayan ma'auratan sun faru, dole ne su kare nasu gida daga baƙi da ba a gayyata ba.
43. Suna yin wannan maraba wani zanen waka, amma a bayyane yake cewa, wadannan tsuntsayen ba su da waka kuma ba mai dadi bane.
44. Sautikan da suke yi suna kama da hayaniya, hayaniya ko washewa. A duk sauran halayen, sautin daya da za a iya ji daga wurin marabou shine barazanar gurɓar begen ƙarfin su.
45. Shuwagabanni sune manyan masu fafutukar neman wadannan tsuntsaye, amma marabou ba zai iya yin hakan ba tare da taimakon marabou ba satar gawa. Su kawai zasu iya jurewa tare da buɗewar dabba dabba, godiya ga beak mai kaifi.
46. A cikin Kenya, da kuma wasu ƙasashen Afirka, ana iya ganin wannan tsuntsu yana yawo a cikin sararin sama yana neman ganima.
47. Duk abin da ya kasance a wurin, amma a yawancin ƙasashen Afirka don haɗuwa da maraba alama ce mara kyau. An yi imani da cewa wannan tsuntsu mugaye ne, mayaudara, mummuna da banƙyama.
48. A cikin Afirka, tsuntsayen Marabou sun cika dukkan garuruwa, da wuya mu same su, da wuya ka same su a cikin gidajen dabbobi, kuma a can sun zama kamar kuliyoyi, amma a cikin birni ba a maye gurbinsu yanzu ba, domin duk da cewa akwai biranen da ke ci gaba, akwai tarkace da yawa a can.
49. Shekarun waɗannan tsuntsaye a cikin daji shine shekaru 22-25, a cikin shekaru 30-32.
50. A dabi'a, marabou ba su da abokan gaba na zahiri, amma adadin kowane nau'in a halin yanzu ba wanda zai iya wuce 1000 saboda lalacewar mazauninsu na halitta.
Halayyar
Marabou suna zaune a cikin yankuna da yawa, waɗanda ke zaune a cikin savannas na bude, ciyayi da kewayen teku, har ila yau suna fitowa a ƙauyuka a cikin wuraren zubar da ruwa don nemo abinci a wurin. Abincinsu ya ƙunshi ɗaukar kaya, har da kwaro, kwari, ƙwallayen 'yan tsana, ƙwararraki da jijiyoyi. Powerfulan bera mai ƙarfi yana ba ku damar kashe ƙananan dabbobi, kuma frill yana kare ragowar ɓarna daga farce da jini daga gawa.
Marabou na iya karbar ganima daga wasu mafarauta, kamar gaggafa. Hakanan Marabou zai iya cin ƙwai da ƙwayayen karnuka.
Kiwo
Yana lalata kajin a cikin mazaunan, yada gida a ciki tare da rassa da ganye. Gida yana kusan 1 m in diamita, 20-30 cm babba, akan bishiyoyi 3 zuwa 40 m saman matakin ƙasa a yankuna masu laima. Yawancin lokaci akwai ƙwai 2-3 a cikin gida. Maza da mata suna ƙyanƙyashe ƙwai daga kwanaki 29 zuwa 31. Kyankyasai tsakanin shekarun 95 zuwa 115 kwanakin sun riga sun yi fice.
Rarraba
- Marabou ɗan Afirka ( Leptoptilos crumeniferus )
- Harshen Indiyawan Marabu ( Leptoptilos kallonus )
- Javanese Marabu ( Leptoptilos javanicus )
- Leptoptilos robustus —- wani nau'in dadadden halitta wanda ya rayu shekaru 20-50 da suka wuce a tsibirin Flores. Ya kasance 1.8 m tsawo da kuma nauyi 16 kg. Aka bayyana shi da kasusuwa guda hudu na ƙananan sassan da guntun gaban gaba a cikin kogon Liang Bois.
Bayanan kula
- ↑Boehme R. L., Flint V.E. Theamus biyu na sunayen dabbobi. Tsuntsayen. Latin, Rashanci, Ingilishi, Jamusanci, Faransanci. / Acad ya gyara shi. V. E. Sokolova. - M.: Rus. lang., "RUSSO", 1994. - S. 26. - 2030 kofe. - ISBN 5-200-00643-0
- ↑Koblik E.A. Yawan tsuntsaye (dangane da kayan bayyanar gidan tarihin gidan adana kayan tarihi na Jami'ar Jihar Moscow. - Bugawa na Gidan Jami'ar Jihar Moscow, 2001. - T. Kashi na 1 (Kundin Tsarin Birni, Ostrich, Tinama-kamar, Penguin-like, Loon-like, Piedaniformes, Petrel-like, Pelican-like, Ciconiiformes, Flamingo-like) , Falconiformes) .- 384 pp. - ISBN 5-211-04072-4
- ↑ Babban encyclopedia na dabbobi. Rayuwar dabbobi. T. 1 Per. tare da shi. M: LLC “Duniyar littattafai”, 2002. - 192 p. - ISBN 5-8405-0155-7
- ↑Mutumin Florentine zai iya zama abinci don ƙwararren marabou - Kimiyya da fasaha - Tarihi, ilmin kimiya na kayan tarihi, sanannu-parlotology - Paleontology - Compulent