Kifin kifayen yan kasar ta Brazil, ko a Latin, wani nau'in madaidaitan sharks ne wanda ya danganta dabi'ar halittar kifayen katun. Waɗannan ƙananan ƙananan kifayen kifayen teku ne waɗanda aka san su da haskensu mai haske da kuma yadda suke iya ɗanɗano nama daga kifaye waɗanda suka fi girma girma, kamar cetaceans.
Ana samun waɗannan kifayen a cikin ruwa mai ɗumi na duk duniya, galibi kusa da tsibiran a zurfin kusan kilomita uku da rabi. Wadannan dabbobin suna iya yin tafiye-tafiye na yau da kullun a kan nesa zuwa kilomita uku, suna barin gari ya waye da kuma tashi zuwa faduwar sama.
Matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙarancin ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙasar Brazil daga 42 zuwa 56. Jikin yana da siffar sigar sigari, idanu suna da girma, sanyin fuska ya yi haske kuma gajere.
Doarfin dorsal biyu ƙanana kaɗan. Launin jikin yana launin ruwan kasa, kuma an rufe ciki da wasu hotuna masu haske. Hawayen makogwaron da mahaifa suna kewaye da “abin wuya” mai duhu.
Wasu lokuta ana samun su cikin fakitoci. Tun da waɗannan dabbobin suna rayuwa a cikin teku, ba kasafai suke hayewa ba. A duk tsawon lokacin, 'yan kaxan ne aka samu kaiwa harin a cikin mutane wadanda aka rubuta, saboda haka ana daukar wannan nau'in mai lafiya ga dan adam.
Haraji na Brazilianan Kwallan Luminous na Kasar Brazil
A karon farko kenan da masana ilimin halitta na duniya suka bayyana wannan farkon farkon karni na sha tara. Bayan sun yi karatun wata mata da aka kama daga bakin tekun Brazil, sai suka sanya mata suna "Scymnus brasiliensis". Bayan wani lokaci, masanin ilmin kimiyar nan dan kasar Amurka Theodore Gill zai iya zuwa da wani keɓance na wannan jinsin - “Isistius”.
Shark na ƙasar Brazil mai haske (Isistius brasiliensis).
Farkon ambaton sharholiyar sharholiya ta ƙasar Brazil
Daya daga cikin tsofaffin litattafan game da abin da raunukan kifayen sharholiya na Balloniya zasu iya haifarwa yana kunshe cikin tarihin tsibirin Samoa. Dangane da wannan tatsuniya, taguwar kwalliyar tunawa da ruwa zuwa gabar kogin Palauli, tayi alƙawarin barin namansu a matsayin wanda aka azabtar da shi ga jagoran jama’ar.
Bayan wani lokaci, wasu almara suka bayyana inda aka sami raunuka masu ban mamaki a jikin kifayen kifi da kifi. Har ma an bayar da shawarar cewa wannan sakamakon sakamakon cutar kwayar cuta ce, hari da fitila, lalacewa, da sauransu. Kuma a shekarar 1971 ne kawai aka gano wanene mai cutar waɗannan raunuka.
Bakin teku
Daya daga cikin mafi kyawun crustaceans a duniyar tamu. Harsashi yana kunshe da yadudduka na lu'ulu'u ne wanda ba'a iya ganinsa da ido tsirara. Hasken rana yana ratsa su yana sa crustacean shimmer kuma ya haskaka tare da dukkan launuka na bakan gizo. Tare da taimakon radiance, maza suna jan hankalin mata.
Crustaceans sau da yawa suna tashi zuwa saman, kuma da alama kamar ana ragargaza raƙuman ruwa da ƙurasan shuɗin yaƙutu. Ana iya ganin wannan sabon abu a bakin tekun Afirka, Japan da Amurka.
Yada Kasar Brazil Sharfin Luminous Shark
Sharks ɗin kifayen ƙasar Brazil suna da yawa a cikin ruwan zafi da ruwan zafi na Tekun Indiya, Atlantika da Pacific. Matsakaicin waɗannan kifayen ya kasance tsakanin digiri 35 N da digiri 40 S A cikin wannan sashin ne zazzabi ruwa a farfajiya ya kai digiri 18-26. A cikin Tekun Atlantika, ana samun kifayen kifayen fata a bakin tekun kudancin Brazil da Bahamas.
Yana faruwa, yawanci da dare. Wani lokaci kusa da farfajiya, amma a mafi yawan lokuta a zurfin 85 zuwa 3500 m.
Lipsarshen ƙarancin kifin ƙwallo na ƙasar Brazil ya yi kauri sosai kuma ya dace da tsotsa.
Bayyanar kifin shark na ƙasar Brazil
Waɗannan dabbobin suna da tsohuwar siginar sigari mai kauri tare da annushuwa da gajeriyar magana da manyan idanu. Bayan idanun manyan yaduwa ne. Fuskokin gaban hanci sun cika shi da gajerun launuka na fata. Bakin yana da kusan layin ma'amala kuma yana da girma a jikinsa. Doaya biyu daga cikin ƙeƙasassun ƙanƙana biyu ƙanƙane ne, an juye su da ƙarfi kuma basu da kashin baya. Gefen fin din bayan farko yana a gaban gindin murfin ventral.
Fasassun pectoral na gajeru kuma suna kama da trapezoid. Babban ƙaramar sumul daidai yana da ƙaramin ƙanƙanin ƙaramin ɗan kwali idan aka kwatanta da na sama. Kusa da gefen hagu na sama akwai abin lura mai ƙararrawa. Dorsal ƙeƙasasshen ciki na ciki. Anal gama bata. Jikin Shark ya rufe da lebur, placoid Sikeli kusan siffar murabba'i. A cikin ɓangaren tsakiya, suna ɗaukar ɗan ƙaramin sauƙi, kuma an ɗaga gefuna.
Launin Jiki na kasar Brazil mai kaifin haske mai duhu shine launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi mai kauri. A kusa da gill slits da makogwaro akwai “abin wuya” na launi mai duhu. A gefunan ƙusoshin akwai falon duhu. Gaba daya sassan jikinta, in banda abin wuya da ƙyallen, an rufe su da hotunan hoto, hasken da aka bayyana shi da ƙyalli mai haske mai cike da haske. Matsakaicin girman mace shine 42 cm, maza - 56 cm.
Musclesaƙarin tsokoki sharks na Brazil suna haɓaka da ƙarancin ci gaba, kuma ƙashin kansa na ƙananan ƙananan, saboda haka suna farauta daga maharan, suna rataye a cikin ruwa.
Jajayen wadannan sharks suna da karfi sosai. Lowerara da ƙananan hakora sun bambanta da alama: ƙananan arean layi uku ne, babba da babba, babba kuma babba da ƙarami. Kuma a kan waɗancan kuma a kan wasu babu hakora a gefe, kuma ba sanarwa. A ƙananan jawur 25-31, a saman - 31-37. Haɓaka mummunar ƙyalli da sharholiya na kwatankwacin irin wannan halayen ne ga sauran kifayen katraobraznyh.
Deep-teku squid "Fitilar al'ajabi"
An ba shi sunan da ba a saba ba saboda dalili. Jikin squid a zahiri yana cike da hoto mai hoto daban-daban kuma yana ƙone tare da hasken kore mai haske. Musamman masu ban sha'awa sune idanuwan mollusk.
Yawon shakatawa na Heyerdahl - sanannen matafiyi da mai tafiyar hawainiya - ya bayyana su a ɗayan littattafansa:
"A cikin dare, muna yawan firgita da manyan idanunmu masu haske biyu wadanda a hankali suke sauka daga zurfin duhu kuma suna dubanmu, suna jan hankali. Suna da zurfin teku .. Suna jan hankalinsu daga hasken fitila, suna ta kwarara zuwa gefen raft kuma suna duban fitilar fitila tare da yaransu masu launin kore, phosphorus mai wuta. "
"Lamban al'ajabi" suna zaune a tekun Pacific. Squid zai iya zuwa tsawon mita 3.
Shrimp Sistellaspis
Nau'in ruwan da aka saba da shi. Photophores yana rufe jikinsu da maganganu, kuma akwai wasu glandan da suke toshewa wani ƙwayar luminescent wanda ke rikitar da masu farauta. Haske mai haske ba kawai zai ba da kariya ba, har ma yana taka rawa sosai a cikin lokacin kiwo: tashiwa yana taimakawa shrimp gano wata.
Sistellaspis shrimps suna zaune a cikin tekuna masu ɗumi kuma ana samun su a kusan dukkanin ƙasashen kudanci. Tafiya a bakin rairayin bakin teku da daddare, cikin ruwa zaka iya ganin ƙone da ƙonewa a sarari, kamar dai taurari sun nutse a kan raƙuman ruwa. Ya zo saman garken kogin jemage.
Jin kai a cikin Tekun baƙi ba shi yiwuwa a ga irin wannan kyakkyawa kamar Sistellaspis shrimps da Sea sapphire crustaceans.
Ana yin kwatanta teku a sararin samaniya sau da yawa. Yalwatacce ne, kusan ba a san shi ba, kuma hasken taurari masu rai suna mamaye launin baƙonsa. Wataƙila wata rana, ɗayansu zai kai mutum ga wani sabon sirrin zurfin da ya kamata mu warware.
Wataƙila har yanzu kuna san wasu mutanen da ke rayuwa a tekun? Rubuta a cikin bayanan. Zai zama mai ban sha'awa don karantawa.
IDAN KAMAR YADDA AKE NUFINKA, NAN ZA MU YI SAUKI GA SAUKI KA 👍 DA RAYUWARSU A CIKINSU NA SARKI.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa na siliki na sigari mai haske
Yankunan babban yatsu masu fure a jiki suna da tsayi da jiki, suna ƙarewa da shuhun kai tare da ɗan gajeren hancin.
Manyan idanu masu siffofi masu kyau wadanda ke da kusanci da ido suna ba wa mai farautar kyakkyawar hangen nesa don "nuna maki, an buɗe manyan wuraren buɗe ido guda biyu a saman kai."
Bakinta na bude bakin kwata kwata kwata kwata, amma bakinta tayi kyau don tsotsewa - manyan lebe masu zafin rai sun iya hada sigarin sigari mai haske da jikin wanda aka azabtar.
Maƙaddara tana da jajayoyi masu ƙarfi - a kan ƙananan ƙananan hakora 29, a ƙananan 19 hakora masu amo, girman da ya zarce hakora babba a sama sau biyar.
Daga cikin duk sauran sharudan kifin, babban dabbar dabbar sigari yana da hakora mafi girma idan aka kwatanta shi da girmanta.
Insaƙƙarfan hancin suna cikin wutsiyar sigar da sigari, ƙanana ne da zagaye. Theasusuwan da ke cikin yanki suna da nau'i mai zagaye, suna da girman gaske - kawai a baya nau'i-nau'i na gill slits.
Jikin launin ruwan kasa mai duhu a ciki yana cike da hotunan hoto, kuma ba ta da halayyar '' abin wuya '' na dangin dan uwan babban dabbar da ke Brazil.
Babban hanta mai kitse yana ba da ectoparasitic sharks tsaka tsaki buoyancy, i.e. uminanƙan sigarin sigari mai fitila koyaushe yana kan ruwa, sabili da haka baya buƙatar babban ƙyallen.
Sharks na rana na al'adun Isistius suna ciyarwa a cikin zurfin zurfin - game da mita 1500-3000, suna ɓoye a ƙarƙashin murfin duhu na har abada daga masu farauta. Tare da farawar dare, masu sigar sigari suna farauta, da sauri suna iyo har zurfin 500 mita.
Bayan ganin manyan kifaye tare da kaifin gani, masu kuntatawa suna “yi birgima” kan shi kuma da sauri suna kai hari, suna manne wa wutsiya, kai ko ciki. Daga nan, Shark ba zai iya isar da ruwan teku zuwa tayinsa ba kuma an sanya abubuwan fashewa a bakin sa.
Kalli bidiyon - Farauta Babban Cigar Cigar Shark:
Babban igaran sigar Sigari na Baki - Wanda ba a Gani
Arin haƙoran haƙora suna kama naman kuma su yanyanka shi, yana juyawa cikin da'ira kuma ba izinin barin wanda ya firgita na biyu ba - babban ɗan yatsan ƙyallen ɗanɗano a zahiri yana kama nama a zahiri, kuma girmansa yakai girman bakin maƙiyin!
Bayan yanke ɗan nama, sigarin sigari na sigari ya cinye shi kuma, daga barinsa daga “teburin cin abincinsa”, yayi sauri ya sauka zuwa zurfin lafiya. Ramin girman kyakkyawa ya rage a jikin wanda aka azabtar - 5 cm a diamita da zurfin 7 cm.
Musamman wanda ya shafi harin ectoparasites na dangin Isistius shine cetaceans da pinnipeds, sharks (musamman ciyar akan plankton), haskoki mai zurfi-teku da manyan kifin kasusuwa (alal misali, tunawa da berayen teku).
Hakanan, sigarin sigari na hasken wuta suna kai hari kuma suna cinye squids gabaɗaya, muddin dai ƙarshen ƙarshen bai wuce 30 cm ba.
Mummunan zagaye da raunuka da suka raunata a lokuta daban-daban ta sharrin kifayen "adon" jikin yawancin dabbobi masu shayarwa.
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, wanda aka kashe a harin har yanzu yana raye, sai dai idan da dama daga cikin masu hasara sun kai masa hari a lokaci guda ko kuma jikinta bai isa ba wajen canjawa da warkar da wannan mummunan rauni.
Halittar Kwakwalwar Luminous ta kasar Brazil
Hankalin (idan ka kwatanta shi da na hanta na nau'in dangi) yana da girma mai girman gaske, nauyinta zai iya zama daya bisa uku na nauyin kifin, kuma yana dauke da adadin kuzarin mara yawa.
Idan muka kwatanta kwarangwal sharhin Brazil tare da kwarangwal sharks da dwarf spiny shark, yafi girma, yayin da girman jikin mutum yake da girma kuma hanta tayi girma. Sauran gabobin kuma suna dauke da mai mai yawa, wanda ke samar da buoyancy tsaka tsaki. Babban wutsiyar fin ta bada damar yin sauri cikin sauri wanda ke ba da damar ɗaukar kayan hanzari cikin gajerun sassan.
A cikin retina na wadannan sharks, sabanin sharks na sauran nau'in, sel sel 'ganglion' sun fi mayar da hankali ne a cikin yanki mai mahimmanci, wanda ke ba su wata fa'ida yayin kallon abubuwa a gaba. Yayin farauta, an rushe waɗannan kifayen a garken. Saboda haka, suna kara tasirin “hasken liti” kuma a lokaci guda suna tsoratar da wasu mafiya karfin fada a ji.
A cikin rayuwar rayuwar 'yan wasan kwallon Kare na kasar Brazil, an maye gurbin hakorarta da dama.
A wannan lokacin lokacin da Shark ke tsiro daga 14 zuwa 50 cm, saitin haƙoransa ya canza sau 15. Hakanan suna da wata al'ada ta al'ada ta rashin faduwa hakoransu da suka tsufa, amma hadiye su yayin da sababbi suka girma don maye gurbin su. Zai yiwu cewa dalilin wannan shine buƙatar ƙwayar ƙwaro.
Shafin Kwallan Kwallan Furanci
Gabaɗaya, ƙasusuwan kifayen kifayen ƙasar Brazil zaɓin ectoparasites ne, amma suna iya ganima akan ƙananan abincin. Misali, squid, kifin kifayen, crustaceans da sauran kwayoyin sun zama wadanda abin ya shafa. Shafin kifayen kwalliya na Brazil suna kwance a kan kifin katako, kifin bony, cetaceans da pinnipeds.
Na'urar pharynx da hakora ita ce ta sa ya yiwu a ciji manyan sassan daga jikin wadanda abin ya shafa. Sharfin fitila na ƙasar Brazil an haɗa shi ga wanda aka azabtar, sa’annan, gungura a kewayensa, ta amfani da ƙananan ƙananan hakora yanke nama game da santimita bakwai a diamita da santimita biyu a zurfi. Sau da yawa ana samun gano wuraren da ke tattare da wannan kifayen a jikin wasu manyan kifayen dabbobi da kuma wasu dabbobi masu shayarwa. Wasu lokuta ana samun waƙoƙin su akan ƙananan jiragen ruwa da igiyoyin sadarwa na jirgin ruwa. Ganin wannan halayyar sharks, ana tsammanin cewa tsananin ƙarfin su ya kamata ya jawo hankalin masu farauta.
Mafi m ne rauni da kuma dabbobi marasa lafiya. A gefen gabar yammacin tekun Atlantika, an jefa dolphins mai fadi da yawa zuwa gaɓar tekun, wadda ta lalace sosai, kuma a jikinta mutum na iya lissafawa daga dubun-dubun zuwa ɗaruruwan ɗaruruwan sharudan da ke haskakawa a cikin Brazil.
Hare-haren wadannan kifayen suna da yawa wanda har ya zuwa kusa da tsibiran Hawaiian, ana iya samun alamun hare-hare a kusan kowane dabbar dolphin da ya manyanta.
Haka kuma, wani ɓangare na waɗannan kwari an riga an warke, kuma wani ɓangare - sabo. A lokaci guda, akan jikin manyan dolphins masu kwari da yawa, su, a mafi yawancin halayen, basa ko dai gaba daya, saboda suna nan cikin manya-manyan kuma da wuya.
Jinyar Shafin Fina-fain na Kasar Brazil
Ba a san kaɗan game da wannan gefen rayuwar kifayen haskakawa na ƙasar Brazil ba. An ɗauka cewa su ovoviviparous ne. Amfrayo lokacin da ake ci gabanta yana ciyarwa ne kan gwaiduwa. Mace tana da mahaifa biyu masu aiki. Kowace zuriyar dabbobi yawanci itace shida zuwa goma sha biyu. Da zarar, an kama wata mace, wacce ke ɗauke da embryos tara, tsawonta ya kama daga 12.4 zuwa 13.7 cm. Kuma, duk da cewa girman girman tayi kusa da girman jarirai (14-15 cm), har yanzu suna da yolks. jaka. Wannan gaskiyar tana nuna cewa daukar ciki a cikin wannan nau'in kifayen na dogon lokaci, kuma ci gaba yayi matukar jinkiri.
Amfrayo suna daɗaɗa launi iri ɗaya kamar manya, amma babu abin wuya mai duhu, kodayake, harma da warkewar warkewa. Mace yar ƙasar Brake mai haskakawa ta ƙasar Brazil ta kai ga balaga tare da tsawon 39 cm, maza kuma a tsawon cm 36.
Luminous yan kifin sharhi na Brazil sune zaɓi na ectoparasites.
Mu'amala da sharuddan sharholiyar Brazil da mutane
Ana kiyaye kifayen fankuna na Burtaniya, a matsayin mai mulkin, mafi zurfi da kuma cikin buɗewar teku. Dangane da haka, ganawa da mutane ba su da yawa. Koyaya, duk da wannan, har yanzu an tattara wasu hare-hare akan mutane. Mafi muni, sharks na ƙasar Brazil su ne suka fara kai harin, yayin da batun wasu kifayen karnukan, kuma yawan harin da 'yan adam ba su da yawa ba suka yi kadan.
A daya daga cikin irin wannan yanayin, garken mai girman kai na wadannan kifayen game da 30 cm dogon ya kai hari ga wani mai daukar hoto a karkashin ruwa lokacin da ya fada cikin kogi. Rahotanni makamancin wannan sun fito ne daga waɗanda suka tsira daga hadarin jirgin, waɗanda kuma wasu dabbobin suka afkawa cikin dare waɗanda suka bar marasa lafiya da rauni mai zurfi.
A shekara ta 2009, wani dan kasar Brazil da ke lardin Maui ya cije shi, lokacin da ya ketare hanya tsakanin tsibiran Maui da Hawaii. Akwai, aƙalla mafi ƙaranci, rahotannin mutum biyu da aka fitar daga ruwa, waɗanda bayan kifayen wannan jinsi sun ciji su sosai.
A shekara ta 2012, wani kusa ga wata katanga wacce wani matafiya daga Siberiya Anatoly Kulik ya bi ta gefen Tekun Pasifik wanda wani garken wadannan kifin sharhin ya afka masa, sakamakon wanda ya ciji dutsen. An kai irin wannan hari kan matafiyi a cikin shekarar 2010 lokacin da ya ketare Tekun Atlantika. A karni na 70 na karni na karshe, yawancin jiragen ruwan Amurka da yawa sun sake komawa tushe saboda cizon kifayen kifayen kwalliya na Brazil wadanda ke ci da gumin masarufi. Sakamakon haka, aka sami malalar isar da sauti, wanda ke da rikicewar maɓallin kewayawa. Yaushe, a ƙarshe, an fayyace dalilin, an sanya murfin fiberglass akan dome.
Ana kiyaye kifayen fankuna na Burtaniya, a matsayin mai mulkin, mafi zurfi da kuma cikin buɗewar teku. Ganin wannan, ganawa da mutane ke da wuya.
Shekaru goma bayan haka, kusan kashi uku na jiragen ruwa na Amurka sun lalata wannan nau'in sharkin. Sun ciji ta hanyar igiyoyin lantarki waɗanda ke kare ta ta hanyar roba, kuma wanda aikinsu shi ne tabbatar da hawan lafiya. An sake magance matsalar tare da taimakon fiberglass casings. Bugu da kari, kifayen sharholiya na kasar Brazil suna cutar igiyoyin sadarwa da kayan aikin ruwa.
Lalacewar sharks ɗin ƙasar Brazil da ke haifar da matsalar kamun kifi, da mahimmancin tattalin arzikin wannan nau'in, ba su da babban tasiri game da kamun kifi. A matsayin nau'in kasuwanci, waɗannan kifayen ba su da ban sha'awa (galibi saboda ƙaramin girman su), amma, wasu lokuta sukan zama a cikin raga raga, ƙyallen pelagic da ƙananan trawls kamar yadda ake samu. A Gabashin Atlantika, ana cin abincin kifin kifayen ƙasar Brazil.
Babu bayanai game da yawaitar wannan nau'in; Unionungiyar Internationalasa ta Duniya don Kula da Yanayi ya sanya waɗannan ƙimar sharuddan matsayin "Least damuwa", saboda yaduwar wannan nau'in, ƙimar kasuwanci da ƙanƙantar da shahararrun kayan a matsayin kamun kifi.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.