Suna: Kada, amurka, ta nuna (ya nuna) kada, Amurka ta Tsakiya, Rio de Janeiro kada.

Sunan Latin "Crocodylus"Ya zo daga Girkanci"krokodeilos"wanda ke nufin" tsutsa tsutsa "(kroko - pebbles deilos - tsutsa ko mutum), "acutus"yana nufin" kaifi "ko" nuna "(lat.), sunan yana nuna siffar guntuwar wannan nau'in.

Yankin: Agidan Amurka - yana zaune a cikin yankuna masu fadi-ruwa a cikin yankin tsibirin na tekun Pacific: daga yammacin Mexico zuwa kudu zuwa Ekwado da kuma bakin tekun Atlantika daga Guatemala a arewa zuwa ƙarshen Florida. Don haka, aka yi rikodin nau'in a cikin Kudancin Amurka (kudu na Florida) kuma a cikin ƙasashe na Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka: Columbia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Jamhuriyar Dominican, Ekwado, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Martinique, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Trinidad, Venezuela.

Bayanin: Macen Amurka shine babban kuma abin kunya a jiki. Ana samun sautunan ƙwallon ƙafa a baya ba tare da kullun ba, adadinsu yana da ƙanana. Akwai wasu nau'ikan saɓunan ƙwayar cuta a gaban idanun, waɗanda ba a same su a cikin sababbin yawu. Jimlar adadin hakora shine 66-68. Ba kamar alligators ba, a cikin macen Amurka, haƙora na huɗu na ƙananan muƙamula koyaushe yana fita daga bakin daga ɓangarorin biyu, yayin da haƙora na huɗu na alligator yana ɓoye a cikin gida a cikin babban muƙamuƙi, don haka waɗannan haƙoran ba a ganuwa lokacin da aka rufe bakin.

Launi: Crowararrun macizai masu launin toka-zaitun da launin ruwan kasa. Launin san maraƙi yana launin kore, ratsin baƙar fata da aibobi suna tafiya da jiki da wutsiya. Matasa suna launin ruwan kasa mai haske ko zaitun mai haske a launi. Bakan gizo na idanu shine azurfa.

Girma: Macen Amurka - babban nau'in adalci - maza sun kai mita 5 a tsayi. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 6 m, akwai rahotannin da ba a tabbatar da su ba na mutane waɗanda ke da mita 7 a tsayi.

Weight: Karin mutane sun kai kilogiram 400-500, kuma tsofaffin tsoffin mutane sun wuce kilogiram 1000.

Tsawon rayuwa: Cabilu na iya rayuwa na tsawon lokaci, suna kaiwa 50-60 (kuma, a cewar wasu, har ma 100) shekara, yayin da yanayinsu ya tabbata. Rayuwar rayuwa kusan shekaru 45 kenan.

Wata murya: Crocodylus_acutus.wav (58 Kb)
Pointedasari na Amurka mai nuna alama shine mafi yawan nau'in shiru. Matasa sun fara laushi a cikin ƙwayayensu kwana uku kafin ƙyanƙyashe. Mazan maciji yayin saduwa da halayyar yankuna a wasu lokutan suna haifar da ruri, amma yawanci suna sadarwa ne da sautin wutsiya da kai lokacin da suka buge ruwa. Hakanan zasu iya ƙirƙirar raƙuman ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ke haifar da fashewar abubuwa a saman ruwa.

Habitat: Kogunan ruwa da tabkuna, ruwan tekun birki mai laushi (laulayin tekuna, lagoons na gabar teku, dutsen mangoro). Babban yawan jama'a ana tsare a tafkin Enricio (Jamhuriyar Dominica) Abubuwan da ke zaune a ciki suna shan ruwa daga maɓallin ruwa mai zurfi waɗanda ke gudana a cikin tafkin. A cikin yanayin da ba a saba gani ba, akwai yawan jama’ar Florida da ke rayuwa a gabar ruwan teku, ana samun su a wuraren sarrafa masana'antu inda ruwa daga matattarar wutar lantarki ke sanyi.

Abokan gaba: Gswai da croannann macizo sun kawo hari ta tsuntsayen ganima, kuliyoyin daji, rakolin, har ma da manyan kifayen da ke cinyewa.

Abinci: Tushen abinci mai gina jiki shine duk wani abincin da ake samu wanda za'a iya kama shi kuma yayi galaba dashi, musamman kifi, crustaceans da sauran dabbobin ruwa (macizai, kunkuru, karnuka). Manyan mutane suna kai hari ga kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, da kuma waterfowl. Matasa sun fi son ƙananan kifi da invertebrates. Da kyar yake kaiwa mutane hari.

Bayyanar

Tsakanin wasu nau'in, ba a la'akari da macen ta Amurka babba. Matsakaicin matsakaiciyar mutum shine mita 2.2-3, amma wasu rakumannn kanyi girma har tsawan mita 4.3.

Yawan nauyin dabbobi masu rarrafe ya kai kilo 40 zuwa 60, amma wakilan mutane kan iya nauyin kilo 100-120. Maza sun fi girma fiye da mace.

Amsar Amurka (lat.Crocodylus acutus)

Kwakwalwa na Amurka suna da maƙarƙashiya mai fadi, a cikin bakin wanda ya sanya haƙora 66-68. Duk hakora koda da girman su ɗaya, hakori ɗaya ne kawai - na huɗu akan ƙananan muƙamula sun fi sauran girma, a wannan batun, har ma da rufe bakin, hakora suna bayyane a hagu da dama. Kunnuwa, ƙusoshin hankula da idanu suna cikin ɓangaren ɓangaren maƙarƙashiyar, saboda haka, yayin cikar nutsar da macijin, waɗannan gabobin suna kasancewa a saman ruwa, wanda yake da matukar amfani yayin farauta. Casashen Amurkawa suna gani da kyau a cikin ruwa, kamar yadda idanunsu ke rufe da "mayafi" na musamman, wanda shine membrane wanda yake share idanun datti kuma yana kare su daga lalacewa.

Amsar Amurka a karkashin ruwa.

Cwararrun macizai suna da launi mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi tare da ratsi mai duhu ko'ina cikin jiki da wutsiya. Kuma haɓakar matasa yana da launi mai rawaya mai haske tare da aibobi da ratsi. Iris shine launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa. Yatsun kafafu suna da tsoka da karfi, saboda haka karnuka suke gudana da kyau. Tsakanin yatsun kafafun hagu akwai membranes.

Kiwo

Lokacin kiwo na kawayen Amurka yana gudana daga Afrilu zuwa Yuni. Mace suna kwanciya ƙwai kafin lokacin damina. Kyakyawan daji suna yin manyan gidaje a cikin hanyar ruftawar - kimanin mita mita kuma ya kai mita 3 a diamita. Mace na gina gida ba wai kawai a gaɓar teku ba, har ma a tsibiran ciyawa masu iyo. A cikin ɓoye akwai ƙwai 20 zuwa 45. Wani lokacin mata biyu suna gina gida ɗaya don haɗaɗɗun abubuwa biyu.

Matasan american.

Lokacin shiryawa yana da kwanaki 80. Girman sandunan da aka yankara shine santimita 17. Mace tana cikin nutsuwa tana ɗauke da ƙwayoyin a cikin bakinsu cikin ruwa. Uwa tana kulawa da 'ya'yanta na dogon lokaci, wata 1 kawai, bayan wannan mace ta daina kula da tsintsiyar, sai ƙaramin ya fara rayuwa mai zaman kanta.

Halayya da Abinci

Croasari na Amurka shine mafarauta, abincinsu ya ƙunshi ƙananan ƙwayoyi, kifi, kunkuru, tsuntsaye, alaƙa, macizai da katantanwa. Bugu da kari, masu dabbobi masu rarrafe suna kaiwa dabbobi da dabbobi. Hakanan, cin naman mutane ya zama ruwan dare a tsakanin irin wannan nau'in macijin: yananan balagodi suna cin naman dabbobi.

Macen Amurika ta kama tururuwa.

A lokacin damina, Americanan Amurkawa na iya canza wurin zama, wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa ruwan ya fi girma, ya fi sauƙi ga masu kifayen motsawa. A lokacin fari, dabbobi masu rarrafe sun tono ramuka da tserewa daga zafin wuta a cikinsu. Ana kiyaye haɓakar matasa a cikin garken, don haka suna ba da kansu mafi kyawun kariya daga masu hasara. Maza manya da mata suna da yankunansu, waɗanda ba a yarda ba baƙi.

Abin ban mamaki, gal.

Lambar

Fatar fata irin ta Amurka tana da daraja a tsakanin masana'antun sutura; a ƙarni na 20, ana amfani da ita sosai wajen kera takalma, jaket, jakunkuna da wando, wanda ya haifar da kusan gamawar jama'a a cikin 70s. Hakanan, gandun daji na wurare masu zafi ya shafi raguwar macijin Amurkan, saboda an rage ƙaƙƙarfan mazauninsu na gargajiya.

Mai hadarin gaske a hutu.

A yau, ana kare karnukan Amurka irinsu, wanda ya sa adadin ya karu. Mazinata suna cutar da yau, amma ba mai yawa bane. A shekara ta 2010, akwai mutane 17,000 na kunkun Amurkawa. Mafi yawan jama'a suna zaune a Meziko.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.

06.08.2018

Yawa Ba'amurke ko Ba'amurke (lat. Alakari ne na cinko) yana cikin dangin kwayoyi na Gaskiya (Kyakyawa). Wannan shi ne ɗayan mafi yawan dabbobi masu rarrafe na Sabuwar Duniya. Maza suna girma har zuwa 5 m a tsawon kuma nauyi zuwa 500 kilogiram. Wasu zakarun da ke zaune a gindin kogin Orinoco sun kai alamar mita shida kuma suna ci har kilo 1000.

Tun daga 1994, nau'in ya kasance cikin mawuyacin hali. Dangane da alkalumma daban-daban, an kiyasta yawan mutane tsakanin 5 zuwa 15,000 mutane. Rashin daidaituwarsa yana faruwa ne ta hanyar raguwa da mazaunin dabi'un halitta da kuma bautar.

A Amurka, kusan kashi 68% na mutuwar waɗannan ƙattai suna faruwa ne sakamakon haɗarin zirga-zirga.

'Yan dabbobi masu rarrafe sukan yi tafiya a kan bututun mai mai tsaurara kuma sun faɗi ƙarƙashin ƙafafun motocin masu wucewa.

Rarraba

Gidajen ya ƙunshi yawancin Mexico, Tsakiya da Arewacin Kudancin Amurka (Venezuela, Columbia, Ekwado da Peru). Popuarancin mutane sun ci gaba da tsibiran a cikin Caribbean, musamman a Cuba, Jamaica, Haiti, Martinique, Trinidad da Margarita.

A cikin Amurka, karuwai ta Amurka na zaune a Kudancin Florida a cikin Tsarin Kasuwancin Kasa na welglades da tarin tsibirin Florida Keys.

Dabbobi suna zaune musamman a cikin tafkuna na ruwa kuma zuwa ƙarancin ruwa a cikin gurɓataccen ruwa, fadama mangoro, lagoons na gabar teku da kuma wasu kekuna da ke gudana a cikin kogunan teku. A cikin Jamhuriyar Dominica, rukuni na kusan mutane 200 suka zauna a cikin tafkin gishiri na Enricillo. Don shayar da ƙishirwarsu, suna amfani da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa na ruwa daga bakin ruwa.

Halayyar

Abubuwan halittu masu rarrabe suna dacewa da yanayin rayuwa mai ruwa. Valarfin bawul na musamman wanda yake a bayan makogwaron yana ba da izinin kama ganima a cikin yanayin ruwa. Matsayin sanannen hanci, idanu da kunnuwa a cikin saman muck yana sa ya yiwu a numfasa kuma a asirce lura da abin da ke faruwa, kasancewar cikin ruwa.

Don inganta narkewa da buoyancy, dabbobi masu rarrafe duk lokaci-lokaci suna haɗiye ƙananan duwatsu.

Yawancin lokaci suna nutse har tsawon minti 3-10, kuma idan akwai haɗari ba tare da iska ba har zuwa rabin sa'a. A cikin cikakkiyar halin rayuwa, dabbobi masu rarrafe zasu iya kasancewa a kasan har zuwa awa biyu.

Manya dabbobin da ke bakin ruwa sun haƙa ramuka har tsawon 9 m, suna zurfafa su yayin da suke girma. Entranceofar shiga mafaka tana a ciki ko ƙasa da ruwa. A ciki, giantsattai masu tsananin wahala suna jurewa da munanan lokuta kuma suna fadawa cikin rashin isasshen yanayi, wanda yakan faru lokacin da zafin jiki ya sauka ƙasa da 18 ° C. A cikin fari, sun zama sannu a hankali kuma, don ceton kuzari, binne kansu cikin rudani, suna ƙin abinci gaba ɗaya.

Croasashen Amurkawa suna motsawa sosai a kan mawuyacin yanki mai rarrafewa ko shawo kan ɗan gajeren nesa a gallop a gudun har zuwa kilomita 16 / h. Idan ya cancanta, za su iya hawa kan tudu da nisa.

Abinci mai gina jiki

Macijin mai kaifi yana cin duk wata halitta mai rai da ta samu. Amphibians, kifi, waterowowl, kunkuru, da crustaceans daban-daban sun fi dacewa a cikin abincin matasa, kuma masu ba da fataucin yanayi sukan kai hari koda manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa, har da shanu.

A Costa Rica, an gan su cikin farauta a kan kunkuru na kunkuru (Lepidochelys olivacea) suna kwanciya ƙwai a kan rairayin bakin teku masu yashi.

Abubuwan rarrafe kan iya farauta a kowane lokaci na rana, amma babban aiki yakan faru ne da maraice da awanni na dare, musamman a daren maras nauyi.

Sun fi son farauta daga shinge, suna ɓoye a bakin ƙasan kuma suna haƙuri da dabbobin don zuwa wurin shayarwa. An yi rikodin lokuta na kai hare-hare a kan mutane, amma ba kamar saɓo da keɓaɓɓe a cikin Nile (Crocodylus niloticus) da Mississippi alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) ba su da yawa.

Bayanin

Matsakaicin matsakaicin tsarar jikin mutum shine 180-450 kg, nauyi 180-450 kg. Maza sunada girma da girma fiye da na mace.

Juvenile an mamaye ta hanyar launin toka ko launin toka-mai launin toka tare da ratsi mai duhu mai ratsa jiki. Yayin da suke girma, suna zama ƙasa da bambanci, zaitun ko launin toka-launin ruwan kasa ya bayyana.

Manyan moads bayyane suke a bayyane kusa da idanu. Idanun suna sanye da membranes na ƙaura da gland don cire gishiri mai yawa a jiki. An nuna jaws a siffar. A baya da wutsiya layuka ne na osteoderms (ossification a cikin farfajiyar mesodermal na fata).

Shekarun rayuwar gwanayen Amurkawa na kusan shekaru 45 ne.