Kwanan nan, mun rubuta game da kunkuru, wanda yake yayi kama da ƙaramin kunkuru. Yanzu za muyi magana game da wani sabon abu mai ban tsoro na mahaifiya - kwaya mai ruwan hoda. A zahiri yana da launi mai launin shuɗi (violet). Amma duk da haka, ya ja hankalin mutane zuwa ga cewa wannan tsattsarkan rana tana cinye duk rayuwarta a karkashin kasa. Rogana tana ta shuɗe zuwa sama don mako biyu, a lokacin kiwo.

Rana rana mai tsayi ko kwala mai launin shuɗi (lat.Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis) (Ingantacciyar rana rana)

Rogan tsinke mai launin shuɗi ɗaya ne kaɗai ɗan kifayen launin ruwan kifi mallakar gidan frogsles na Seychelles. Bude hukuma da rarrabuwa ga wannan nau'in ya faru ne kawai a 2003.
Yana zaune a cikin ƙananan yankuna a yammacin Ghats (Ghats) a Indiya, yana da yanki mai kusan murabba'in kilomita 14. km An gano wannan nau'in a kusa da karamin garin Idukka da kuma yankin Kattapan.

Sunan Latinsa ya fito ne daga kalmar "nasika", wanda a cikin Sanskrit yana nufin "hanci".

Ta sami sunanta na karamin fari hanci

Jikin kuda mai launin shunayya yana da siffar sabon abu. Ya fi zagaye da sauran nau'in kwaɗi. Da kanta, ƙanƙanta da kwatankwacin jiki, da kuma sifar zzleanƙarar takobi mai launin fari tana kama ido. Mutane da yawa suna da launi da shunayya, amma a cikin hancin, fata mai laushi ta sami launin toka mai kauri. Wadannan kwaɗi suna girma zuwa santimita 7-9.

Wadannan 'yan amphibians suna jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa ta gaba daya. Don rayuwa mai gamsarwa, suna buƙatar yanayi mai laima. Saboda haka, suna tono kansu zurfin minks waɗanda zasu iya shiga cikin ƙasa zuwa zurfin mita 1.3-3.7.

Tana jagorantar rayuwa ta karkashin kasa

Tsarin rayuwa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa da takamaiman tsarin kansa (kunkuntar kai tare da ƙaramin bakin) sun rinjayi abincin wannan rana. Babban abincinsa shine farfaɗo. Ta kawai ba zai iya hadiye manyan kwari. Rogar rana tana iya ɗaukar kunkuntar makamin ta zuwa cikin maɓoɓin ƙasa da alamomin daban-daban, kuma harshe na ruɓa yana taimaka ma ta don shayar da abincinta daga waɗannan abubuwan.

A cikin lamuran firji, frog baya buƙatar hangen nesa mai kyau, amma kyakkyawan kyakkyawan taɓawa yana taimaka wa gano da gano wuri. Baya ga itesan ciro, za ta iya ci tururuwa da ƙananan tsutsotsi.

M ko launin shunayya mai launin shuɗi

A farfajiya, ana zaban wadannan amintattun mutanen ne kawai a lokacin tsakar rana, don haifuwa. Wataƙila wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ya daɗe yana kasancewa wani ɗan adam da ba a san shi ba ga duniyar kimiyya. Kodayake mazauna karkara sun riga sun san game da shi na dogon lokaci, masana kimiyya har sai 2003 sun bi da maganganun su da digirin hali, har sai da kansu suka tabbatar da kasancewar ta.

Frog ɗin yana zuwa sama har sati biyu kawai. Dabbar ta hanyar yin canjin yana faruwa kusa da gawarwakan ruwa na wucin gadi ko na dindindin, a bankunan kananan koguna. Maza suna haɗe zuwa mace ta amfani da abin da ake kira "inguinal grab". Tun suna kanana kaɗan da waɗanda aka zaɓa, domin riƙe su, maza sun haɗa kansu da mace ta amfani da rufin fatar fata. An kwantar da qwai cikin ruwa. Bayan wani lokaci, tadpoles ya bayyana daga garesu.

Kakannin waɗannan frogs ɗin wakilai ne na tsoffin tsaran halitta da suka wanzu kimanin miliyan miliyan 180 da suka gabata kuma an rarraba shi akan tsibirin na duniya, wanda shine ɓangaren tsohuwar kudu ta kudu ta Gondwana. Sannan wannan supercontinent ya rabu zuwa Australia, Afirka, Indiya, Madagascar da yawancin Antarctica. Kuma kimanin shekaru miliyan 65 da suka shude, tsibiran Seychelles, waɗanda kusancinsu ke zama a yanzu sun kasance dangin Sooglossidae, sun rabu daga Indiya.

Chelan maraƙin Seychelles - ɗaya daga cikin dangi na kusa da tsintsiyar shuɗi Tsarin frog ɗin shunayya

Saboda lalacewa, fan tsintsiyar shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ya cika fuska. An haɗa shi a cikin Littafin IUCN Red Book.

Fitowar wani kwaro mai launin shuɗi

Tuni da sunansa, mutum na iya tunanin cewa launin launi da launin shuɗi ne ko kuma, kamar yadda kuma ake kira shi, shunayya.
Amma a wannan yanayin, launi ba ma babban abu bane. Fitowar ta jiki ce ta wani nau'in zagaye mai ban mamaki. Shugaban yana karami idan aka kwatanta da jiki, kuma mucks mai fentin fenti fari ne. Round idanu ma ƙanana kaɗan da ɗaliban a kwance kusan ba su ganin komai. Amma hankalinta na iya kamshi.

Rogasari Haske (lat.Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis)

Kafa kafafun gabansu yana da membranes, kuma gaban kafafun ya fi gajere kuma yatsun kafa masu zagaye. Idan farko mutane daga wannan jinsin suna hango da gajartawa da rashin kunya, to wannan ra'ayin kuskure ne.

Haƙiƙa ita ce kwaɗar shunayya na iya haƙa rami a cikin mintuna 3-5, da zurfin, wanda zai iya kai mita 3.7. M, dama?

Mutane daban-daban na wannan nau'in na iya girma har zuwa 9 cm, kuma idan an fentin saman farjin tsintsiya madaurinki mai launin shuɗi, to, a cikin ciki launin fatar yana da launin toka.

A ina zan sami tsintsiya mai launin shuɗi

Bayan karanta bayani game da wannan amarya, wata tambaya kai tsaye ta taso. Me yasa wadannan frogs din da suka wanzu shekaru da yawa a duniya sun gano kwanan nan? Kuma amsar wannan tambaya mai sauqi qwarai. Gaskiyar ita ce kwaya mai launin shuɗi ta zama ruwan dare a cikin ƙananan yankuna na Indiya - Western Ghats, wanda yawanta yakai muraba'in mita 14 kawai. km An samo samfurin kumburin farko a yankin Kattapan da kuma kusa da garin Idukki.

Rogaƙa mai tsinin tsintsiyar wuya tana zuwa saman daga ramin sa.

A zahiri, mutanen wannan birjik, wadanda jikinsu yayi kama da jel, tuni mazauna garin suka kama su, amma masu binciken dabbobi ba su da sha'awar wannan bayanin. Labarin gano aladu masu launin shuɗi ya fara ne bayan Farfesa Biju ya ga ɗayansu.

Rayuwa

Kusan wani ampibian wannan nau'in ya ciyar da dukkan rayuwarsa a karkashin kasa, wani lokacin ma yakanzo ne kawai don tsawan kwayoyin halittar. Tun da yake koyaushe tana buƙatar yanayin da ke da laushi, sai ta yi ta tono maɓallin rami mai zurfi don kanta, ta amfani da motsin ta azaman felu, tana jefa ƙasa a bayan ta.

Rogajin tsintsiyar wuya yana aiki da kayan duniya.

Bayan "aikin", yana ɗaukar matsayi a kwance kuma yana tuƙa hannuwansa a ƙarƙashin kansa, kwaya tana hutawa.

M tsattsarkan rana

Lokacin da damana ta shigo, rana tazo saman bene. Bayan sun yanke shawara akan abokin tarayya, sun fara mating. Yayin aiwatarwar, namiji, yana amfani da kyan kayan jikinsa, yana manne da mace daga baya. An bayyana wannan da gaskiyar cewa namiji daga cikin waɗannan frolog ɗin ya ɗan ƙanƙan da girmansa ga mace, kuma zai iya zama ƙasa kawai.

Wadannan frogs za a iya danganta su da iyayen da ba za su iya ba.

Tare da taimakon kunkuntar ƙyamar, frog tana fitar da kwari daga matsugunansu.

Bayan an sanya ƙwai cikin ruwa, manya kuma sun sake shiga ƙasa. Kuma tadpoles da aka kyankyalen ana tilasta su don kula da kansu da kansu.

Abinci mai gina jiki

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, a cikin neman abinci, rana tana taimakawa kyakkyawar ma'anar ƙanshi. Worananan tsutsotsi, tururuwa da kwari suna zama ganima. Girman bakinta baya barin farautar manyan ƙwayoyin cuta, tunda kawai ta iya hadiye su.

Rogajin tsinke mai launin shuɗi yana haɗari idan akwai haɗari.

Tare da kunkuntar makaminsa, zai iya sauka cikin sauki a cikin kwari na kwari, kuma da taimakon harshen shi mai rikitarwa, yana jan su daga can.

Abokan gaban rogaƙƙarfan kwaro

Zuwa yau, babban abokin gaba da wannan nau'in kwaɗin mutum shine mutum. Ukuzuka inda wadannan 'yan amphibians ke zaune ana sare su sosai domin dasa shuki a gaba, kofi, ginger da cardamom. Wadannan ayyuka na iya haifar da cikakkiyar ɓataccen tsintsiyar shuɗi, wanda aka jera a cikin littafin Red Union na Unionungiyar forasa ta Duniya don Kula da Yanayi da albarkatu.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.

26.05.2013

Rogwan tsintsiyar shunayya (lat. Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis) shine kaɗai ke wakiltar ire-iren kwalar launin shuɗi kuma tana cikin iyalin Seychelles frogs (lat. Sooglossidae). A yanayi, ana samunsa ne kawai a arewacin reshen Idukka a gindin dutsen Sahyadri a kudancin Indiya (Kerala).

Duba bayanin

Rogasari mai launin shuɗi ko shunayya (lat. Nasikabatrachus sahyadrensis) wakilin 'yan amphibians ne. Wannan nau'in halitta guda ɗaya ne, wanda aka haɗa shi a cikin dangin kwarojin na Seychelles. Masana ilimin halittu sun gano nau'in shekaru 15 da suka gabata, tun da kwaɗar take haifar da rayuwa mai ma'ana. Abu na farko da zamu kula da shi ta hanyar kallon hoto da kwaya mai launin shuɗi ita ce launin shuɗi, farin hanci da sifar sabon abu.

Abin mamaki, amphibian yana kashe kusan duk rayuwarta a cikin ƙasa. An zaba shi zuwa saman kawai don dalilan haihuwa. Tana zaune a yammacin India. A cewar Farfesa Biju, wanda ya gano wadannan halittu da ba a sani ba, waɗannan wakilan fauna sun bayyana ne a lokacin Mesozoic, wato sama da shekaru miliyan 170. Shin zaka iya tunani? Har ma sun tsira daga dinosaur!

Mazauna ƙauyukan Indiya hakika sun ga waɗannan yatsun. Amma masana kimiyya sun yarda cewa wannan dabba halitta ce kawai, domin kwaya ba zata yi kama da launin toka-mai launin shuɗi ba!

Dabbobin da ba su dace ba

Kakannin tsohuwar tsutsa mai launin shunayya sun wanzu kimanin miliyan 180 da suka gabata. Sun rayu a cikin sashin na duniya, wanda shine wani ɓangaren tsohuwar kudu ta supercontinent Gondwana. Da farko, wannan supercontinent ya rabu zuwa Australia, Afirka, Indiya da Madagascar, kuma kimanin shekaru miliyan 65 da suka gabata, tsibiran Seychelles, waɗanda yanzu ke da mafi yawan danginsu na dangin Sooglossidae, sun rabu daga Indiya.

Gano wannan nau'in na musamman ya faru ne a watan Oktoba na 2003, kodayake sanannan tadpoles ɗinsu ya kasance sananniyar masana kimiyyar Turai tun 1917. A shekara ta 2008, kwaya mai launin shunayya ta kasance cikin jerin martabai na kyawawan dabbobi 20 da ke rayuwa a duniyarmu.

Mazauna karkara sun daɗe da sanin wannan halitta mai ban mamaki. Amma masanan kimiyyar Turai ba su amince da labarinsu ba, har sai da kansu suka sami damar ganin wannan halittar a duk ɗaukakar ta.

Rogaƙar shuɗi mai haske a saman bakin mucks yana da karamin hanci, yana kama da hanci na mutum. A saboda wannan dalili, sunan kimiyya ya fito ne daga kalmar Sanskrit nasika, wanda ke nufin hanci. Batrachus a helenanci yana nufin rana, kuma Sahyadri sunan gida ne ga dutsen da aka samo wannan nau'in frogs din.

Daga watan Afrilu zuwa Mayu, sukan yi birgima zuwa doron ƙasa kuma suna raira waƙa da farin ciki tun daga farkon magariba har zuwa wayewar gari, suna yin ƙaramin sauti a yawan mita 1200 Hz.

Menene kamarsa

Jikin amarya yana da nau'i mai zagaye, daga waje yana kama da mace mai ƙima. Amma kai yana da kankantar girman hoto, dan kadan yana nuna kadan, hanci yana karami, fari. Jikin kowane ɗayan haihuwa yana da launi mai launin shuɗi, a cikin ɓangaren cikin mahaifa yana da santsi, launin toka. Girman jikin mutum baya wuce santimita 9. Short paws partially webbed.

Idanun suna zagaye, hango nesa ba kusa. Amma ma'anar ƙanshi yana da haɓaka. Godiya ga ma'anar wari, ƙurar tana neman abinci. Abinci mai ƙoshin gaske, sai ta murƙushe gaban makullin cikin burbushin kwari, kamun kifi ko tsutsotsi tare da taimakon dogon yare. Tunda pharynx yayi kadan, baya iya hadiye manyan kwari, tushen abincin shine karamin kwari, tsutsotsi da kuma tururuwa.

Karkashin rayuwa

A waje, dabbar tana da kamarzuwa da bakin ciki. Amma wannan ba haka bane. Ampan Amurika yana iya haƙa ƙwal a cikin mintuna biyu zuwa uku, zurfinsa yana mita biyu zuwa uku. Don zama mai gamsarwa, ƙara yawan zafi a cikin gida wajibi ne.

A wata gabar ruwa na dabbobi akwai takamaiman tsiro. Suna kama da warts. Dalilin wadannan abubuwan ci gaban shine tona rami. Rogaya tana amfani da su, kamar dai tare da majami'u, suna jefa ƙasa a bayansa.

A ƙasa, suna neman abinci sosai. Ka huta a zurfin mita 3. Irin wannan rashi ne na dogon lokaci wanda ya sanya ya zama sirrin dabbobi ga masanan dabbobi, masana kimiyyar dabbobi da kuma masana kimiyya.

Bayanin

Roganjamau mai launin shuɗi yana da ɗan squat, jikin ɗan da aka kewaye dashi, wanda akan samu ƙaramin kai da ƙanƙan da ɗan toshiya. Adaultan manya yawanci galibi ne mai launin ruwan wuta, lilac ko shunayya mai launi kuma sun kai tsawon 5-9 cm. Daga waje, suna kama da ruɓaɓɓiyar jelly daga abinci mai saurin rahusa.

Maza koyaushe ƙanana ne fiye da mace. Duk da ƙananan girman su, waɗannan amphibians suna da ikon tono ƙwanƙolin ƙarancin zurfin ƙafafun ƙafafunsu, wanda zai iya kasancewa zurfin mita 3-7.

Rayuwa a duniya

Wadannan 'yan' yan amphibians suna barin minks kawai don makonni biyu a shekara, lokacin da lokacin da aka fara babban ruwan sama a Yammacin Indiya. A wannan lokacin, mating na manya na faruwa. Kuma kawai a wannan lokacin yana yiwuwa don ganin dabbobi masu ban mamaki a bankunan jikin ruwa. Sun yi kwanciyar hankali kusa da koguna, tafkuna ko kwalaye

Tunda jikin namiji yayi karami fiye da na jikin mace, sai ya ringa kula da ma'aurata domin kar ya zame cikin ruwa. Don yin wannan, fatar jikin namiji tana sakin wani abu mai kauri, tare da taimakon wanda ya goge mata da kanta kuma yana hana ta zamewa. Yanayin ƙwai yana faruwa a cikin tafkin. Offspringachedan ƙiyayya ba su da sha'awar iyaye, tadpoles suna koyon rayuwa a kansu, don neman abinci don kansu.

Kiwo

Kwayoyin aladu suna rayuwa a ƙasa, galibi suna hawa zuwa ƙasa lokacin lokacin monsoon, wanda ke ɗaukar sati 2 kacal a shekara. A wannan lokacin, mace na neman ƙaramin tafkunan da sanya ƙwai a cikinsu da dare. Yawancin lokaci a cikin kama akwai kimanin ƙwai 3600.

Tadpoles ba da daɗewa ba zai fito daga ƙwai, wanda, tare da farawar fari, lokacin da rami ya fara bushewa, ya shiga ƙasa. Metamorphosis ya ɓace a cikin kusan kwanaki 100.

Wannan hanyar rayuwa ta bayyana a menu na wadannan amintattun mutane. Babban abincin su shine farfaɗo, amma a wasu lokutan ba sa iya cin abinci akan tururuwa da tsutsotsi. Kamar kowane mazaunin cikin ƙasa, kwaya mai ruwan shunayya ba ta da ƙarfin gani.

Godiya ga makusantan makusantan sa da harshen sa, har da kyawun sa na tabawa, zai iya tsotse kananan kwari daga cikin su. Sakamakon gaskiyar cewa waɗannan ƙananan kwaroron suna zaune a cikin ƙasa kuma a cikin yanki na kusan murabba'in mita 14. km, yanayin rayuwar su ya zuwa yanzu an yi nazari sosai.

Abubuwan ban sha'awa

Akwai ma wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da kwayar launin shuɗi. Shekaru goma da suka wuce, ta kasance a cikin ɗaya daga cikin dabbobi 20 mafi muni a duniya. Ana yiwa barazanar wannan nau'in guguwar gabaɗaya, tunda dazuka akwai ciyawar dazuka da ciyawar daji. Littafin Layi na Duniya ya haɗa da wannan nau'in amphibians a cikin jerinta, a matsayin dabba mai ƙarancin gaske da ke fuskantar lalata.

Don haka mun haɗu da wannan baƙon wakilin sauna. Me kuke tsammani, shin zai yuwu a samar da yanayi don wanzuwar kwalar shunayya? Raba tunaninku a cikin sharhi.