Scalaria (daga lafazin Latin Pterophyllum - gashin tsuntsu da ganyayyaki) babban nau'in halittar kifaye ne na kifayen tsari daga tsarin halittar dabba da na gidan cichlids. Ya kasance cikin aji na kifi mai launin shuɗi. Kwanan nan, scalars sun zama kifi na akwatin kifaye.
Manyan nau'ikan halitta guda uku sune sanannu. silar kifi:
- Scalaria Leopold (daga Latin Pterophyllum leopoldi),
- Babban angelfish (daga Latin Pterophyllum scalare),
- Scalaria altum (daga Latin Pterophyllum altum).
Jikin waɗannan kifayen suna da siffar diski a ɗan-elongated tsaye. Tsawon kifin ya kai 15 cm, tsayinsa shine 20-25 cm.
Sakamakon tsinkaye a tsaye (tsinkaye da ƙyallen kafaɗa), bayyanar wannan dangi yana ɗaukar sifar jinni. Ganyen caudal yana da girman gaske kuma tsawonsa - 5-7 santimita. Darajar gamsassun launuka masu launuka iri-iri ne sosai - akwai abubuwan rayuwa, abubuwan alatu, da tsinkaye yanayin jikin mutum a asalin halittar.
Masu shayarwa sun cire wasu ƙasashe masu yawa (nau'in kiwo) na waɗannan kifayen, waɗanda suka bambanta galibin launinsu na waje. Mafi mashahuri tsakanin masoya kifin kifaye sune:
- Bakar fata karammiski
- Zebra zebra,
- Kwalban gwal,
- Koi scalar,
- Kasuwancin panda
- Salon mayafin,
- Ganga mai ban tsoro, wasu suna gama gari mala'ika mai son kai,
- Jan hankali
- Leopard angelfish.
Baya ga abubuwan da ke sama, kifayen da sauran nau'ikan launi suna bred tare da haɗuwa iri-iri na tsarin.
A cikin hoto, sikelin zinare
Misali, lokacin tsallakawa koi scalaria da samun jan tabo tare da sikeli na kowa, sun kawo irin wannan kifayen masu ban sha'awa da launuka kamar ja da kai ko kuma kamar yadda ita ma ana kiranta "jan aljan." Halayen jima'i na waɗannan kifayen suna da wuya a rarrabe kuma kusan ba a ganuwa.
Rarrabe angelfish namiji daga mace yana da matukar wahala har ma ga wani gogaggen mutum kuma galibi masu shayarwa sun dogara da wasu gogewa na aiki, lura da kifin da kuma tantance mace ta hanyar dabi'a. Sabili da haka, sau da yawa lokacin da kiwo a farkon tsinkaye, nau'ikan kifayen ba dole ba ne a dasa su ga juna, amma suna yin wannan a lokuta masu zuwa, lokacin da aka fahimci jinsi na kowane ɗayan.
A cikin hoto, koi scalar
Wadannan kifayen da ke cikin daji sun fara yaduwa ne daga Kudancin Amurka inda suke zama a cikin koguna kamar Essekibo, Amazon, Rio Negro da Orinoco. A halin yanzu, ana ɗaukar angelfish ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan abubuwan da ake amfani da su na kifi wanda ke zaune a cikin gabobin wucin gadi - wurare daban-daban da wuraren shakatawa masu zaman kansu
A cikin hoton gilashin baki mai launin fata
Akwai wasu 'yan tsiraru masu sauki domin adana kifayen mai sihiri. Da fari dai, akwatin kifayen kanta dole ne ya zama babba don kada babban kifi ya cika maƙil - ƙaramin tsayi ya zama aƙalla centimita 50-70, ƙaura kuma ya zama aƙalla lita 60-80. Abu na biyu, don siyarwa, waɗannan kifayen suna buƙatar ciyayi tare da manyan ganye, kamar ambulia, cryptocorinau ko valesneria.
Abu na uku, idan kuna son launuka na kifayen kada su shuɗe, amma ku kasance mai haske da launi, kuna buƙatar kusanci ciyar da son kai - Yakamata ya kasance na al'ada kuma koyaushe mai inganci - mafi kyau daga masana'antun fitattun masana masana'antu.
Kulawar Scalar kuma ba mai rikitarwa ba ne. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da yanayin zafin da ake buƙata a cikin akwatin kifin - yakamata ya kasance aƙalla kuma ba zai wuce digiri 25 zuwa 25 ba kuma ya cancanci sauya ruwan aƙalla sau ɗaya a mako. Kamar yadda yake da kowane irin kifin kifaye, ya kamata a yi aeration sau biyu a rana don mintuna 20-30.
A cikin hoto, taguwar scalar
Karfin kifin kwalliya tare da wasu kifayen
A cikin akwatin kifaye ɗaya, talakawa suna tafiya tare da banmamaki sikeli tare da digiri sauran nau'ikan da zababbun siffofin. Tsakaninsu, mutane irin wannan nau'in kifin ba saurin faɗa kuma suna lura da yanayin zaman tare. Bugu da ƙari, kifaye mai ban tsoro waɗanda ke da nutsuwa a cikin halayensu a sauƙaƙe suna raba yankin ruwan tare da duk kifin da ba mai ƙiyayya na danginsu ba.
Hakanan, abu ne mai yuwuwa a sa masa jan mahaya, ko akuya ko kuma kifin. Amma tare rayuwa tare da sauran janareto, akwai guda ɗaya, amma babba mai haɓaka - scalars suna da matukar saurin kamuwa da cututtukan da wasu kifayen ke canzawa cikin sauƙi kuma ba zai yiwu ba.
Abu ne mai sauqi qwarai ka kamu dasu da kwatsam kuma kusan zai yuwu a warke su a gaba. Amma wanda shakka kada ta kasance a cikin tanki tare da akwatin kifaye masu digiri, don haka waɗannan kifayen kamar guppies, zinariyar zinare da kuma kansa.
A cikin hoto, bullar scalar
Ba da dadewa ba, masu iya amfani da kayan suna iya cin tsohon, na karshen su suna da m, wanda, bi da bi, ba sa son sikeli, da na ukun, duk da cewa su dangi ne a cikin dangi, na iya lalata har ma da kashe ƙarancin kansu.
Abincin abinci mai gina jiki da kuma Rayuwan Scalaria
Abincin scalar a cikin mahallin halitta ya ƙunshi mafi yawan larvae, ƙananan kifi da plankton. A cikin yanayin ɗan adam na akwatin kifaye, waɗannan kifayen dole ne a ciyar dasu tare da duk abincin da yake da asali, alal misali, ciyar daga tubifex, zubar jini ko jigon fata. Yawan abincin da aka bayar dole ne a ƙayyade shi da kansa, yana lura da girman kifin na ɗan lokaci.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a daina shaye-shaye; sun jure shi da talauci da raɗaɗi, kuma a ƙarshe zai mutu. Hakanan, wuce gona da iri na iya shafar tsararraki masu zuwa. A cikin akwatin ruwa kiwo da kai yana faruwa a zahiri, amma idan kuna son haifan su, lallai ne kuyi aiki tukuru.
A cikin hoto, panda angelfish
Balaga ta faru a cikin waɗannan kifaye a watanni 10-12. Wadannan nau'ikan kifayen suna da karkata kuma ana amfani da su don ɗaukar wa kansu ma'aurata, saboda haka suna ci gaba da samarin harbe-harben farawa kafin su ba da kansu.
A irin wannan nau'in kifi, ana lura da wasannin kiwo na yau da kullun kuma a wannan lokacin sun zama da ɗan ƙara ƙarfi fiye da saba. Bayan hadi caviar na angelfish kwanciya a gefen ciki na manyan ganyen tsire-tsire - a cikin ƙawance ɗaya, mace tana kawo ƙwai 300-500.
A tsakanin kwana uku, qwai ya girma da girma zuwa larvae, sannan kuma a soya. A wannan lokacin, sa hannun mutum abu ne mai matuƙar kyau. Yana da Dole a sake saita mace kuma toya a cikin wani akwati na daban, saboda sauran mutane manya za su iya cinye zuriyarsu nan gaba.
A cikin hoto, angelfish
Mace da kanta za ta kula da soya, sannan ba a buƙatar taimako na musamman daga mutum ba. Soya farin angelfish launuka masu kusan bayyananne kuma kawai tare da lokaci da girma ana fentin su a launinsu na halitta. Kifi na wannan nau'in halittu masu dawwama ne, idan an adana su cikin jerin ruwayoyin, to za su rayu har zuwa shekaru 8-10.