Arctic yanki ne wanda ke kewayen Poan Arewa. Akwai ranakun polar da dare, lokacin bazara mai sanyi sosai, kuma yanayin bazara bai tashi sama da digiri ba. Amma ga halittu da yawa, irin wannan matsanancin yanayi ba ƙari bane. Abin da dabbobi rayuwa a cikin Arctic. Muna ba ku kwatancen da hotunan dabbobi masu ban sha'awa na Arctic.

Arctic dabbobi masu shayarwa

Yawancin dabbobi masu yanke hukunci a cikin Arctic sune mafarauta masu farauta tare da kyakkyawar ci wanda zai iya kaiwa dabbobi hari, har ma mutane. Yawan mutane a cikin Arctic yawan masu cin gashin kansu ya dogara da farko kan adadin lemmings, waɗanda sune manyan "abincin abinci" don dawakai na arctic, Wolverines, Wolves polar, da kuma a wasu yanayi reindeer.

1. Polar bear

Babban memba na dangin Bear, wanda aka jera a cikin Littafin Red of the World a cikin 1953, ba a same shi ko'ina ba sai a Arctic. Don rayuwa, yana buƙatar jigilar kankara mai narkewa, wutiri ko gefen filayen kankara da like - abincin da yake so.

Wurin mazaunin rajista na polar bear kusa da gungume yana da nisa na 88 ° 15 '. Wasu poa poan polar bears sun kai mita uku a tsayi da tan na nauyi. Amma tare da irin wannan girman girman da kuma jinkirin bayyanar, belar polar suna da matuƙar hannu da dabbobi.

Laran itacen bera suna da kyanwa masu iyo, suna rufe kusan kilomita 80 a cikin ruwa mai ruwa, kuma membrane akan makaman su yana taimaka musu a wannan. Larayoyin polar suna yin tafiyar kusan kilomita 40 a rana a saukake, tare da wahalar yanayin kankara da dusar ƙanƙara. Jawo na polar bear yana riƙe da zafi sosai har ma da lalata hoton iska ba su gano ta ba.

2. Wolverine

Babban wakilin dangin Kunih, mafarauta mai fara'a da dabba mai yawan shaye-shaye. Don iyawar wannan dabba ta kai hari ga dabbobi har ma da mutane, ana kuma kiranta Demon Arewa. Yawan nauyin Wolverines ya bambanta daga 9 zuwa 30 kilogiram, kuma a bayyanar sun fi kama da bogi ko beyar.

Ba kamar sauran dangin Kunih ba, Wolverine tayi ƙaura zuwa cikin yankin nata, koyaushe suna neman abinci. Dabba zata iya hawa bishiyoyi cikin sauki saboda kyawawan yatsun sa da kuma karfin sa. Yana sa sauti kamar kwatancen karnuka, yana da kyakkyawan ji, gani da ƙanshi.

Wolverine abu ne na kowa, zai iya, kamar cin sauran abincin don wasu mafarauta, har ma farauta manyan dabbobi a kansa, yana cin tsire-tsire - berries, kwayoyi. Wannan irin dabba ce mai ƙarfin hali da tsoro wanda har ma maigidan Arctic, Polar Bear, lokacin haɗuwa, yayi ƙoƙarin guje masa.

3. Wutar polar woli

Wannan ƙananan karnukan wolf suna zaune a duk cikin tundra da Arctic. Yawancin lokaci yakan ci ƙananan dabbobi - haro na polaring da lemings, amma naman sa da ƙusoshin dabbobi ma suna cikin abincinsa. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi na polar dare da tsawon lokacin sanyi, ya saba da kowane irin abinci.

Wolves Wolves na iya rayuwa kawai a cikin fakitin. A cikin yanayin wuraren ƙauyukan Arctic, inda babu wani fili don 'yan kwanto, dole ne su nemi wurin - dabarun farauta na zamantakewa, galibi suna jira da haƙuri har sai waɗanda abin ya shafa su yi kuskure kuma su raunana tsaro.

4. Arctic fox, ko folar polar

Furen polar ko arctic dabba ce mai tsinkaye, kawai wakilin halittar Arctic fox. Ba kamar talakawa ba, yana da gajerun wulakanci, ƙananan kunnuwa masu zagaye, paws an rufe shi da gashi mai taushi da jikin squat. Dangane da lokacin, fox fur na iya zama fari, shuɗi, launin ruwan kasa, launin toka mai duhu, kofi mai haske ko yashi. Akan wannan, dabbobi 10 na dabbobi waɗanda suke rayuwa a yankuna daban-daban an rarrabe su.

Ba a wuce rabin kilomito daga ruwa ba, arctic fox tana tono kayan burbushin abubuwa tare da hanyoyin shiga da yawa. Amma a cikin hunturu, sau da yawa dole ya yi kogo a cikin dusar ƙanƙara. Yana cin komai, tsirrai da dabbobi sun shiga abincinsa. Amma tushen abincinsa shine tsuntsaye da lemam.

Herbivores

Babban filin sararin samaniyar ya tanadi wakilai na dabbar dabba da ke ƙasa. Kuma ko da yaya m da sauti, amma a cikin garin kankara live herbivorous wakilan fauna. Kowace rana suna farawa ne don neman abinci. Kawai a cikin motsi kullun za'a iya shawo kan zaɓi na halitta.

Arctic kurege

Wannan zomo dabba ce mai ban mamaki. A baya can, an danganta shi da ƙaddamarwar kumburi, amma a yau ya zama wani nau'in daban. Tana da gajerun kunnuwa, hakanan rage zafi. Jawo yana furiri mai kauri da kauri sosai, wanda kuma yakan ceci dabbar daga matsanancin sanyi. Wutsiya tana da 5 cm, amma kafaɗun hagu suna da tsayi da ƙarfi, wanda ya bashi damar motsawa ta zurfin dusar ƙanƙara.

Lemon tsami

Wannan sandar ba ta bambanta sosai da bayyanar daga sikeli na yau da kullun. Animalan ƙaramin dabba a cikin tsayi ya kai cm 8-15 cm kawai kuma yana nauyin kimanin 70-80 g. Earsanan ƙananan kunnuwa suna ɓoyewa a ƙarƙashin Jawo, wanda a wasu ƙananan abubuwa suka fara zama fari ta hunturu. Wannan yanayin yana taimakawa ɓoyewa daga masu ɓarna. Koyaya, a cikin yawancin wakilai, Jawo gaba daya launin toka ne ko launin toka-mai-baki. Ana samun sandal a inda akwai ciyayi. Da kyau da aka saba da yanayin ƙarancin yanayi. Itace atsan itace suna cin harbe harbe, gansakuka, yawancin tsaba da berries. Shekaru biyu kawai ke wucewa.

Reindeer

Dabba kyakkyawa ce wacce take sanye da ƙaho a kanta kuma tana da sutura mai ɗumi da dumbin yawa. An daidaita da yanayin yanayin zafin yanayin Arctic. Reindeer yana cin abinci tare da gansakuka mai gurnani. Yana da nauyin kilogram 200 kuma ya kai tsayin mita 1.5. Yana zaune ba kawai a cikin yankin ba, har ila yau yana zaune a tsibirin kusa. An samo kayan lambu ta hanyar babban hooves.

Saniya musk

Babban dabba da iko. Saniya na musk na iya wuce mita 1.5, kuma nauyinta ya kai kilo 650. Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da kauri da doguwar ajiya wacce ke riƙe da zafi da kuma kariya daga iska mai ƙarfi a cikin wannan yanayin yanayi na duniyarmu. Suna zaune a cikin manyan garken burin 20-30. Don haka ana samun kariya daga masu hasara. Suna ciyar da kan gansakuka, tushen bishiyoyi, lichen, ciyawa da furanni. Yankunan da aka zagaye suna taimaka maka wajen motsawa kankara kankara da kankara, gami da zazzage dusar ƙanƙara don bincika ciyawar.

Raman rago

Ana kuma kiranta rhino ko chubuk. Wannan kyakkyawar dabba ce mai fasahar artiodactyl tare da kyawawan riguna a kansa. Babban tumakin yana da jinkirin da kwanciyar hankali. Ya fi aiki da rana, amma yana iya nemo abinci da dare. Yana zaune a cikin tsauni cikin rukuni na dabbobi 20-30. Yana ciyarwa akan lichen, gansakuka, Tushen itace, allura, ciyawa mai bushe da sauran ciyayi, wanda yakan haƙa daga kan dusar ƙanƙara tare da motsi mai ƙarfi.

Fox fox na gama gari

Arctic Arctic yana da wasu fasaloli waɗanda ke ba shi damar rayuwa a cikin mawuyacin yanayin Arctic. Mafi kyawun fasalin shine furcinsa, wanda ke canza launi daga launin ruwan kasa (launi na bazara) zuwa fari (launi na hunturu). Kayan gashi mai kauri yana samar da dawakai da kamara mai kyau da kuma kariya daga sanyi.

1. Walrus

Kadai wakilin zamani na dangin Walrus cikin sauki za'a iya rarrabe su da yawaitar tasirin hakan. Girman girma tsakanin pinnipeds, yana zuwa wuri na biyu bayan giwayen Bahar, amma jerin waɗannan dabbobin basuyi ma'amala da juna ba. Walrus suna zaune cikin garken dabbobi kuma suna kare junan su daga abokan gaba.

Baƙin maliya

Nuwartacciyar ƙasa ce alama ce ta ƙasar Amurka. Gasar mazaunin ta ya wuce Arctic. Kuna iya haɗuwa da wannan kyakkyawan tsuntsu ko'ina cikin Arewacin Amurka - daga Kanada zuwa Mexico. Ana kiran Orlan mai gashin kansa saboda farin gashin fuka-fukan da suke girma a kansa. Wadannan tsuntsaye galibi suna kama kifi: suna haƙa ƙasa, suna tsinkayen kifaye daga ruwa tare da dabbobinsu.

2. Saka

Sun fi ko'ina, suna rayuwa a gabar tekun Pacific, Atlantika da Arctic. Suna da kyau masu iyo sosai, ko da yake nesa daga bakin teku ba za a iya samun su ba. Ganye ba daskarewa a cikin ruwan sanyi saboda lokacin farin ciki mai kauri na kitse da danshin ruwa mai hana ruwa.

3. Fur ɗin hatimi

Sean hatimin fur tare da zaki daga cikin zuriyarsu sun kasance cikin dangin sharar fata. Oke hatimi, yayin da suke motsi, suna hutawa akan kowane gabar, kuma idanunsu suna da fitilar duhu. A lokacin rani, thean alamar fur ɗin arewa yana zaune a arewacin Tekun Pacific, kuma da isowar kaka, yakan ƙaura zuwa kudu.

Tsuntsaye

A cikin yankuna na arewacin, tsuntsaye da yawa suna rayuwa. Yawancinsu suna yin ƙaura zuwa hunturu a cikin ƙasashe masu ɗumi, wasu sun haifi zuriya a wasu yankuna. Kafafu biyu na ruwa mai ruwa ba su da gashin fuka-fukai, amma sun soke shi ta bututun jini - wannan kariya ne daga cututtukan zuciya. Tsarin tsuntsayen Arctic shine sau da yawa haske, wanda ke ba su damar kamo kansu daga kan dusar ƙanƙara.

4. Shafan giwayen arewa

Ya kamata a sani anan cewa giwayen giwaye sun kasu kashi biyu (arewaci a Arctic) da kudanci (da ke zaune a Antarctic). Giwayen giwayen sun sami suna saboda girman girma da kuma akwati kamar hanci na tsoffin maza. Suna zaune a bakin tekun Arctic na Arewacin Amurka har ma zuwa kudu. Maza manya sunkai tan 3.5.

Caribou / Reindeer

A cikin Turai, caribou shine mafi kyau da aka sani da reindeer. Deer ya dace sosai da yanayin sanyi na Arewa. Yana da manyan caves a hancinsa waɗanda ke yin zafi zuwa iska mai daci. Veswanbar dabbar a cikin hunturu ya zama ƙarami da wuya, yana sauƙaƙa wa barewa ya yi tafiya a kan kankara da dusar ƙanƙara. Yayin hijirar, wasu masu kiwon dabbobi suna yin tafiya mai nisa. Babu wata dabba mai shayarwa mai rai a duniyarmu da zata iya haka.

Arctic marine dabbobi masu shayarwa

Ba za a iya kwatanta dabba ɗaya ba a cikin iyawarta ta rayuwa cikin mawuyacin yanayi na Arctic tare da cetaceans kamar beluga whale, narwhal da baka Whale. Basu da cikakkiyar fitowar dorsal a cikin sauran kaset ɗin. Kimanin nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa 10 suna zaune a Arctic - kifi Whales (finwales, blue, humpbacks da maniyyi whales) da dabbar dolphin (kisa whales). Bari muyi magana game da mafi mashahuri daga gare su.

Ermine

Mineazanta cikin gidan mustelids. Wani lokacin ana amfani da sunan ermin ne kawai don nuna alamar dabba a cikin farin fata lokacin hunturu.

Ermines ne mafarauta masu farauta waɗanda suke cin sauran dabbobin. Sau da yawa, harma suna zama cikin burushin waɗanda aka cuce su, maimakon su tono sandar mafaka.

Sharrin Shark

Sharrin yanko sharrin dabbobi ne. Ma'aikatar Tsarin Tsarin Yankin Kasa da Yankin sararin samaniya ta Amurka ta ɗauki wannan hoton.

Yankunan Shark sune manyan Kattai masu ban al'ajabi da ke zaune a yankin Arctic. Ma'aikatar Tsarin Tsarin Yankin Kasa da Yankin sararin samaniya ta Amurka ta ɗauki wannan hoton. Danna hoton don ƙarin koyo game da wannan dabbar.

Mafi sau da yawa, ana samun kifin sharri a cikin arewacin tekun Atlantika a bakin tekun Kanada da Greenland. Daga dukkan nau'in kifayen kifayen, sune mafiya yawan arewa. Wadannan dabbobin suna iyo a hankali kuma sun gwammace su kama ganima yayin da take bacci. Hakanan, manyan yan 'shark' na pola ba sa ƙin cin abin da sauran masu cin naman mutane suka bari bayan abincin nasu.

1. Narwhal

Sun bambanta a gaban manyan hakora biyu kacal, wanda na hagu a cikin maza yakan zama tsintsiya mai tsayi tsawon mita 3 kuma nauyinsa ya kai kilo 10. Tare da wannan tushin, maza suna fasa kankara, suna yin maganin tsutsa, shima yana taimakawa don jan hankalin mata da sauran dalilai da yawa.

Sealan hatimi hat

Lokacin haihuwa, kayan yadin da ake amfani da garaya suna da gashi mai launin shuɗi. Ta yi fari bayan kwana uku. Yayin da dabba tayi girma, launinta zai sami launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi. Wanƙolin Harp yana da farin ciki mai kauri na subcutaneous mai wanda yake riƙe da zafi sosai. Inswanƙolin ƙyallen maƙil a matsayin wani abu mai musayar zafi: a lokacin bazara ana cire zafi mai yawa a cikin su, kuma a cikin hunturu jikin yana ɗorawa saboda motsin ƙashin da ke cikin ruwa.

Foctic Arctic

Ya kasance tare da dangin canine. Wannan kyakkyawan kaddara an san shi ne saboda sutturar gashin gashi da yake nesa da Arctic. Wannan ƙaramin dabba ne har zuwa 30 cm a tsayi kuma nauyinsa ya kai kilo 50. Maharbi yana gudu da sauri kuma an rarrabe shi da haƙurinsa. Yawancin lokaci ana ajiye shi kusa da bears a lokacin farauta kuma yakan ci ragowar su. Za a iya samo dabbar a ko'ina cikin tsananin iska. Iyaye nagari ne. Da zarar mace ta yi juna biyu, namiji zai fara farauta biyu, yana kawo ganima har zuwa lokacin haihuwar jarirai.

Belyak

Kwanan nan aka ware shi a wani keɓaɓɓen nau'in, ba yana nufin fararen fararen fata da aka saba. Zuriyar Arctic tana da gajerun kunnuwa. Wannan yana rage asarar zafi. Wani lokacin farin ciki mai santsi, yana ta kuɓuta daga sanyi. Weightarfin jiki na Arctic whit ya fi yadda aka saba. A tsayi, wani mazaunin Arewa ya kai santimita 70.

A hotunan dabbobi na Arctic sau da yawa ku ci sassan jikin woody. Wannan shine tushen tsarin abincin fari. Koyaya, kayan da aka fi so sune buds, berries, ciyawa matasa.

Za'a iya bambanta launin fata arctic daga cikin talakawa ta hanyar gajere kunnuwa.

3. Greenland Whale

Wannan shine kadai wakilin gidan baleen Whales, yana rayuwa duk rayuwarsa a cikin ruwan sanyi na Arewacin Hemisphere. A lokacin bazara sun yi ƙaura zuwa arewa, kuma a cikin bazara suna tashi kaɗan daga kudu, suna guje wa kankara. Suna ciyar da plankton.

4. Kisa kifi (kisa Whale)

Kisan Whale shine mafi yawan dabbar dolfin kare dabbar. Launinta yana banbancewa - baƙar fata da fari tare da farin launuka dabam-dabam akan idanu. Wani fasalin asali na kisa Whales shine babban satin dorsal fin. Popuasashe daban-daban na waɗannan mafarautan sun ƙware da musamman abinci. Wasu kisa na kifi sun fi son ci da kuma ƙaura bayan makarantunsu, yayin da wasu ke farautar pinnpeds. Ba su da abokan hamayya kuma sune saman sarkar abinci.

Abinci

A cikin hunturu, barbashi suna da farin girbe, saboda haka suna da wahalar lura da dusar ƙanƙara. Suna samun abinci a ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara, kuma a lokacin rani, waɗannan tsuntsayen suna ciyar da tumatir, tsaba da korayen kore. Partarfin ɗan kwando yana da sunaye da yawa na gida, kamar, misali, "fararen girki" ko "talovka", "alder".

Mutuwar ƙarshe (hatchet)

Endsarshen matattu tsuntsaye ne masu ban mamaki, suna iya tashi da iyo. Wingsan ƙananan fuka-fuki, kamar ƙoshin kifi, suna taimaka musu motsawa cikin sauri a cikin ruwa ruwa. Ffan fats suna da gashin fari da fari da kuma launuka masu haske. Waɗannan tsuntsayen sun samar da mazauna duka a kan tsaunin gabar teku. Daga cikin duwatsun, puffins sun nutse cikin ruwa, inda suke neman abinci.

Hare

Fararen fari farare ne kawai a lokacin hunturu. A lokacin rani, fatar sa launin ruwan kasa. Bugu da kari, a lokacin hunturu, kafafunsa na huhun sun cika da kauri, sun girma da girma. Wannan yana hana kumburin fadawa dusar ƙanƙara.

Abu ne mai sauki ka gane walrus ta manyan yatsun sa, dogayen gashin baki da kuma gajerun falle. Walruses, waɗannan manyan dabbobi da masu nauyi, ana farautar su da yawa saboda nama da mai. Yanzu walrus suna ƙarƙashin kariya ta ƙasa, kuma an haramta farautarsu.

Sealanƙarar hatimi

Mafi kyawun Arctic hatimi da babban kayan abincin polar belar. Idan ƙarshen ya fada cikin jerin tsaran jinsunan, to wannan ba barazana bane ga yawan al'umma. Dangane da ƙididdigar m, a cikin Arctic, mutane miliyan uku. Yawan ci gaban.

Matsakaicin nauyin hatimin zobe shine kilo 70. A tsayin dabbar, dabbar ta kai santimita 140. Mata sun yi karanci.

Zabin teku

A akasin wannan, mafi girma daga hatimin. Matsakaicin nauyi shine kusan tan. A tsawon, dabbar daidai take da santimita 250. A tsari, zomo ya banbanta da sauran hatiminsa tare da kafafunsa na gaba kusan a matakin kafada, an canza shi zuwa bangarorin.

Tare da jaws mai ƙarfi, an hana kurege hakoran hakoran mai ƙarfi. Sune ƙanana da tsufa da sauri, fadowa. Tsofaffin hatimin suna da kullun hakori. Wannan yana rikitar da farautar kifaye - tushen abincin da maharbi yake.

Arctic Rodents

Ba shi yiwuwa a wuce gona da iri kan mahimmancin lemmings don kasancewar dabbobi a cikin hamada Arctic.Suna ciyar da kusan dukkanin dabbobin ƙasa. Kuma kuliyoyin polar ba sa yin hurumi idan yawan lemammen ba ya cikin mafi kyawun yanayin.

Dabbobin dabbobin Arctic da aka jera a cikin Littafin Layi

A halin yanzu, wasu dabbobi a cikin Arctic suna cikin haɗari. Canje-canje na dabi'a da ɗan adam ya haifar da yanayin canjin Arctic yana haifar da babbar barazana ga rayuwar dabbobi. Wakilai masu zuwa na belin Arctic an haɗa su a cikin jerin dabbobin Arctic waɗanda aka jera su a cikin Littafin Layi.

• Polar bear.
• Yankana Whale.
• Narwhal.
• Reindeer.
• Gasar Atlanta da Laptev.

Shanu na musk shima nau'in dabbobi ne da ba kasafai ake samun su ba. Kakanninsa sun rayu a duniya lokacin mammoths.

A cikin watan Yunin 2009, bisa ga umarnin gwamnatin Rasha, an kirkiro da filin shakatawa na Arctic National Park, babban aikin da ke ciki shine kiyaye da kuma nazarin wakilan rukunin gidajen flora da faren Arctic, waɗanda ke kan gab da kammala ƙarewa.

Dabbobin Arctic ba sa zaune a lean Maraƙin Arewa, ba shi yiwuwa a zauna a can. Sun fi yawa a yankuna na kudanci na tekun Arctic, a gabar nahiyoyi da tsibirin.

Guillemot

Wannan asalin 'yan ƙasa ne na ƙoshin ƙyalli. Tsuntsu wanda yake da furanni a matsakaici ne mai girmansa, yakai kilogram daya da rabi, kuma tsawonsa santimita 40. Fuka-fukin yana da ɗan ƙarami, saboda haka yana da wahala kisa ta ɗauka. Tsuntsu ya fi son sauka daga kan duwatsun, nan da nan aka kama shi a sama. Daga farfajiyar, guillemot yana gudana bayan tafiyar mita 10.

Saman ya baki kuma saman shi fari. Akwai tsuntsaye masu kauri da gajimare. An rarrabe su cikin rabe biyu dabam. Dukansu suna da feces mai gina jiki. Shellfish da kifi suna cin su da annashuwa.

Gull mai haske

Mazaunan Arewa suna kiranta da wayewar gari. Koyaya, a cikin karni na ƙarshe, mazaunan Arctic guda ɗaya, musamman ma mutanen Eskimos, sun ci ruwan teku kuma sun sayar da su ga Turawa. Na daya sun dauki dala 200. Duk wannan ya rage adadin kananan tsuntsaye ruwan hoda. An jera su akan Lissafi Red a matsayin nau'in haɗari.

Tsawon ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda bai wuce santimita 35 ba. Komawar dabba tana da kyau, kuma ƙirjin da ciki suna kama da sautin harshen wuta. Kafafu suna ja. Gefen baki ne. Abun wuya a wuyan sautin iri ɗaya ne.

Chistik

Gidaje akan bakin dutse, fentin baƙar fata. Akwai alamu fari a fuka-fukan. Sararin tsuntsu yana da haske ja. Haka sautin a paws. A tsawon, scraper ya kai 40 santimita.

Chistiki a cikin Arctic suna da yawa. Akwai kusan nau'ikan 350,000. Yawan mutane sun ci kifi. Gidaje akan tsaunukan bakin teku.

Lurik

Majibinci kasuwannin tsuntsayen arewa. Yanki a cikin manyan yankuna. Ana iya kasancewa a kusa da ruwa kuma a cikin nesa zuwa kilomita 10.

Lurik ɗan gajere ne kuma kamar dai a saka wando ne. Ƙirjin tsuntsu ya yi fari, kuma a saman komai baki ɗaya ne, kamar yadda ƙasan ciki yake. Shugaban shima duhu ne. Girman daskararre ƙaramin abu ne.

Punochka

Ya kasance oatmeal, ƙaramin abu, nauyinsa 40 grams. Tsuntsu mai hijira, daga ƙasashe masu ɗumi suna komawa zuwa Arctic a cikin Maris. Maza sune farkon waɗanda suka isa. Suna yin sheƙarsu. Bayan da mata suka iso, lokacin dabbar ta fara canjin.

Dangane da abinci mai gina jiki, barkono barkatai koyaushe ne. A lokacin rani, tsuntsaye sun fi son abincin dabbobi ta hanyar kama kwari. A cikin kaka, malam buɗe ido ya wuce zuwa berries da namomin kaza.

Hayar polar

Daga cikin mujiya, mafi girma. Fuka-fukin fuka-fukin ya kai santimita 160. Kamar dabbobi da yawa na Arctic, fari ne kamar dusar ƙanƙara. Wannan fasahar masking ce. Zuwa ga shigowa waje yana kara wani tsawan amo. Wannan yana taimakon mujiya don kama ganima. M ta zama lemmings. Tsawon watanni 12, mujiya ta ci abinci sama da dubu ɗaya da rabi.

Don nests, kuliyoyin polar suna zaɓar tuddai, suna ƙoƙarin neman wurin da babu bushe dusar ƙanƙara.

Arctic mujiya ita ce mafi girma wakilan dangin mujiya

Ya bambanta da nau'ikan dabbobi 20 na tsuntsaye a cikin Arctic, abubuwa 90. Saboda haka faɗin game da dabbobi na Arctic, mafi yawan lokaci kuna sadaukar da tsuntsaye. Don yin nazarin su, har ma da yankin kanta, ya fara a cikin karni na 4 BC.

An kiyaye rahotannin Pifey daga Marseilles. Ya yi tafiya zuwa Tula. Wannan shi ne sunan ƙasar a Arewa mai nisa. Tun daga wannan lokacin, jama'a gaba daya sun sami labarin kasancewar Arctic. A yau, jihohi 5 suna neman sa. Gaskiya ne, kowa yana da sha'awar sosai a cikin yanayi na musamman kamar yadda yake a cikin shiryayye tare da mai.

Arctic Tern

Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea) - ofaya daga cikin jinsunan tern da aka sani don ƙaura rikodin. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna ciyar da lokacin kiwo a Arctic kuma suna ƙaura zuwa Antarctic a lokacin hunturu na hunturu a arewacin hemisphere. A lokacin hijirar, polar terns shawo kan har zuwa 70 dubu km.

Polar bear

polar bear (Ursus Maritimus) - daya daga cikin manyan masu hasashen duniya. Laran itacen bera suna da abinci wanda kusan gaba ɗaya ya haɗa da ƙyalli da zobe. Hakanan wasu lokuta suna cin gawawwakin bakin teku na Whales, walruses, da qwai tsuntsu. Matsakaicin wuraren zama na polar bear yana iyakance ga Arctic, inda adadin kankara da ɗumbin yanayi ke haifar da yanayi mai kyau na waɗannan mafarautan.

Walrus (Odobenus rosmarus) - Babban dabba mai shayarwa wanda ke zaune a Tekun Arctic, tekun gabashin Siberiya, Tsibirin Wrangel, tekun Beaufort da bakin tekun Arewacin Alaska. Walruses suna ciyar da dabbobi iri-iri, da suka hada da mollusks, kukis na teku, shrimp, tubular tsutsa, da sauran dabbobin ruwa Inji wasu mafarauta suna barazanar walrus, gami da kifayen kifayen da belar polar.

Ptarmigan

Ptarmigan (Lagopus muta) - Tsuntsu mai matsakaici mai tsayi yana zaune a cikin tundra. A cikin hunturu, plumage na tundra partridge ya kasance fari fari, kuma a lokacin rani yana da motley tare da launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. Tundra partridges ciyar a kan Willow da Birch buds. Suna kuma cin berries, tsaba, ganye da furanni.

Rashin Tekun Atlantika

Tsuntsayen suna ciyar da kifayen akan kifi, wani lokacin kuma sukan ci ƙananan kifaye da kangin girki. Girman ƙarshen matashin Atlantika shine 30-35 cm.

Sunan Rasha "ƙarshen ƙarshen" ya fito ne daga kalmar "maras ban sha'awa" kuma ana danganta shi da babban, zagaye zagaye da beki na tsuntsu

Damisawar Tekun

Wannan maƙiyi ne mai haɗari mai haɗari na Tekun Arctic. Ya kasance akan dan hatimin, dukda cewa daga waje baya kama da su. Dabba tana da jiki kamar maciji, mai kaifin haske wanda yake da layuka biyu masu kaifi. Leopards na teku ya kai kilogiram 270-400, tsawonsa yakai mita 3-4. Babu kusan kitse mai ƙarko. Launin fata launin shuɗi mai duhu ne, ciki ya yi fari. Akwai duhu duhu akan tarnaƙi kuma a kai, godiya ga wanda ya sami mummunan sunansa.

Rufin Harbor

Manya sun kai 1.85 m a tsayi kuma kilogiram 132 na nauyi. Sakamakon gama gari, kamar sauran ƙananan ƙasashe, yana ciyar da kifi ne, wani lokacin kuma invertebrates, crustaceans da mollusks.

Guda biyu na asalin hatimi na gama-gari da na Turai da kuma na ƙasa - an jera su a cikin littafin farko

Farar Fata

Kyakkyawan tsuntsu. Wannan babban maƙiyi ne, wanda ke cikin kullun gudu don ganima. Fuka-fuki na mujiya zai iya kaiwa zuwa mita 1.5. Maza suna da ƙanƙan da girmansu ga mace kuma suna da siffofi da siffofi na baƙar fata. Idanun suna rawaya, kunnuwa sun yi ƙanƙanta da ba a iya ganinsu. Gefen baƙar fata ne, amma an ɓoye shi gaba ɗaya a ƙarƙashin aikin ruɓaɓɓen.

Dogayen zango suna taimakawa farauta da zama cikin kwanciyar hankali a wuri mai tsayi. Abincin ya ƙunshi ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa.

Beluga Whale

Tushen abincin dabbobi shine kifi kuma, a ƙarancin yanayi, crustaceans da cephalopods. Mazan mafi girma na beluga whales sun kai 6 m a tsayi kuma tan 2 na taro, mata sunada ƙanana.

Beluga Whale launin fata yana canzawa tare da shekaru: jarirai masu launin shuɗi ne mai duhu, bayan shekara guda sun yi launin toka da shuɗi, baki ɗaya waɗanda shekarunsu suka wuce 3-5

Fauna na matsanancin Arctic

Bayan Araukacin Arctic Circle yana shimfiɗa mummunan mummunan yanayin Arctic. Wannan ita ce ƙasar hamada mai sanyi, iska mai sanyi da ruwan sama. Ruwan sama kamar da bakin kwarya ne, kuma haskoki na rana ba sa shiga cikin duhun dare lokacin wata shida.

Abin da dabbobi rayuwa a cikin Arctic? Abu ne mai sauki kaga wane irin yanayin halittun da suke akwai yakamata su samu, tilasta musu yin hunturu mai wahala a tsakanin dusar ƙanƙara da sanyi mai ƙone kan dusar ƙanƙara.

Amma, duk da yanayin mawuyacin yanayi a waɗannan sassan kusan nau'in jinsin dozin biyu suna zaune dabbobi na Arctic (a kan Hoto zaku iya tabbatar da bambancinsu). A cikin duhu mara iyaka, wanda hasken arewa kawai ya kunna, dole ne su rayu su sami abincin kansu, suna gwagwarmaya na sa'a don rayuwarsu.

Abubuwan da aka zana a cikin yanayin yanayin da aka ambata suna da sauƙi. Saboda yanayin su, suna da ƙarin damar rayuwa. Abin da ya sa sama da nau'ikan nau'ikan tsuntsaye sama da ɗari ke zaune a ƙasar da ke fama da rikici a arewacin.

Yawancinsu ƙaura ne, suna barin ƙasa mai rashin nasara a farkon alamar lokacin hunturu. Da farkon ranakun bazara, sai su dawo su ci moriyar kyautar kyawawan dabi'un arctic.

A cikin watannin bazara akwai wadataccen abinci wanda ya wuce Arctic Circle, kuma hasken rana da kullun sakamako ne na tsawon lokaci, rabin shekara, ranar polar. dabbobi da tsuntsaye na Arctic don nemo abincin da ake bukata.

Ko da a lokacin rani, zazzabi a wannan ƙasa ba ya tashi sosai har zuwa lokacin da ƙarancin dusar ƙanƙara da kankara da suka faɗo na wani ɗan gajeren lokaci ya ba da damar ɗaukar hutu daga matsaloli a cikin wannan dusar ƙanƙara, in banda ɗan gajeren lokaci, wata daya da rabi, ba ƙari ba. Lokacin bazara mai zafi da raƙuman ruwa na Atlantika ne kawai ke kawo dumi a wannan yankin, dumama, ya mutu sakamakon mamayar kankara, ruwa a kudu-maso-yamma.

A cikin hotunan dabbobi na Arctic

Koyaya, yanayi ya kula da yiwuwar adana zafi, karancin abin da ake ji ko da a lokacin ɗan gajeren lokacin bazara ne, da kuma ceton da ya dace tsakanin rayayyun halittu: dabbobi suna da dogon furfura, tsuntsaye suna da tarin zubin da suka dace da yanayin.

Yawancinsu suna da kauri mai sanyin fata da ake kira subcutaneous mai. Taro mai ban sha'awa yana taimaka wa yawancin dabbobi su samar da madaidaicin adadin zafi.

Wasu daga cikin wakilan fauna na Far North Arewa ana rarrabe su da ƙananan kunnuwa da kafafu, tunda irin wannan tsarin yana ba su damar daskarewa, wanda ke ba da sauƙin sauƙaƙe rayuwar dabba a cikin Arctic.

Kuma tsuntsaye, daidai wannan dalili, suna da ƙananan kwari. Launin halittun wannan yanki da aka bayyana, a matsayin mai mulki, fari fari ne ko haske, wanda kuma yake taimakawa halittu daban-daban su iya daidaitawa kuma su zama marasa ganuwa a dusar ƙanƙara.

Irin wannan ne fauna na Arctic. Abin mamaki, yawancin nau'ikan fauna ta arewa, a cikin yaki da mummunan yanayi da mummunan yanayi, suna hulɗa da juna, wanda ke taimaka musu su shawo kan matsaloli tare da guji haɗari. Kuma ire-iren wadannan abubuwan rayayyun halittu wata hujja ce ta na'urar hankali mai amfani da yanayin halittu masu dumbin yawa.

Na'urar karama

Kifi ya ƙunshi nau'in ƙananan halittu waɗanda ke zama a Tekun Arctic. Endingaukar da rayuwarsa a cikin kauri daga ruwan sanyi, polar cod ya yarda da yanayin zafi ba tare da matsala ba.

Wadannan halittun na ruwa masu ruwa suna ciyar da plankton, wanda ke tasiri sosai kan ma'aunin ƙirar halitta. Su da kansu suna zama tushen abinci ga yawancin tsuntsayen arewa, like da kuma cetaceans.

Polar cod kifi

Haddock

Kifi sunada yawa (har zuwa 70 cm). Yawancin lokaci yana ɗaukar kimanin biyu, amma yana faruwa cewa ya kai kilogiram 19. Jikin wannan dabba na dabba yana da fadi, shimfiɗa a bangarorin, baya yana da launin toka, ciki kuma milki ne. Kyakkyawan layin launin fata yana gudana tare da akwati a cikin hanyar kwance. Kifi zaune a makarantu kuma kayan masarufi ne na kasuwanci.

Haddock kifi

Arctic cyan

Yana da wani suna: rawar zaki, wanda aka lasafta a cikin mazaunan duniyar mafi girma a cikin jellyfish. Kayanta ya kai diamita har zuwa mita biyu, kuma tantunan tsawonta rabin-mita.

Rayuwar Cyanidean ba ta daɗewa, lokacin bazara ɗaya kawai. Da farkon kaka, waɗannan halittun sun mutu, kuma a lokacin bazara sabon, mutane masu hanzari ke fitowa. Cyanaea tana ciyar da ƙaramin kifi da zooplankton.

Jellyfish

Polar Goose

Ana kuma kiran tsuntsu farin goge saboda tsananin farin dusar ƙanƙararsa, kuma kawai fuskokin fikafikan tsuntsayen ana rarrabe su da raunin baƙar fata. Suna da nauyin 5 kilogram, kuma makanninsu, kamar eiders, suna liyi tare da nasu.

Wadannan mazaunan gabar tekun Arctic suna tserewa daga yanayin sanyin kisa na lokacin bazara, wanda ke tashi kudu. Wannan nau'in geese na daji an dauke shi da wuya.

Polar farin Goose

Polar gull

Tana da haske mai launin toka, fuka-fukai suna da duhu sosai, gewar tana da launin shuɗi-kore, kafafu suna da ruwan hoda. Babban abincin polar gull shine kifi, amma waɗannan tsuntsayen har ila yau suna cin murɗa da ƙwai na sauran tsuntsayen. Suna zaune kusan shekaru 20.

Polar terns

Tsuntsu ya shahara saboda kewayon sa (kusan kilomita dubu 30) da tsawon lokacin (kusan watanni huɗu) na tashi, yana cin lokacin hunturu a Antarctica. Tsuntsaye suna tashi zuwa arewacin zuwa Arctic a farkon bazara, suna haifar da manyan wuraren mulkin mallaka.

Abubuwan da ke da banbanci sune wutsiya da aka zaba da bera mai baki a kansa. Harshen fasa ana saninsa da taka tsantsan da tsoratarwa. Rayuwarsu ta wuce shekaru goma.

Polar terns

Loon

Arctic teku, wanda yafi mamaye waterfowl. Loon yana ba da lokaci a cikin Far North musamman daga Mayu zuwa Oktoba, kasancewa tsuntsu mai ƙaura. Tana da girman girma, duwatsar ruwa da kuma iyo sosai, kuma a lokutan hadari yana nutsar da jikin mutum cikin ruwa, kai daya ne ya rage a waje.

A cikin hoto, tsuntsu na loon