Ana amfani da kifin Chum a matsayin kifi mai ƙaura daga dangin salmon. A halin yanzu, kamar yadda a da, wannan kifin yana da sha'awar masana'antu saboda nama mai mahimmanci kuma babu ƙima ta caviar.
Ga 'yan asalin yankin gabashin Gabas, chum yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. A karni na biyu na karni na 20, musamman ma a kasar Rasha, an sami masarar masara irin kwaroron roba, wanda hakan ya haifar da raguwar yawanta. Bugu da kari, yanayin muhalli ya tsananta sosai.
A cikin wannan halin, babu sauran zaɓuɓɓuka kuma an ɗauki ɗamara a ƙarƙashin kariyar jiha. Sakamakon irin waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru, ya yiwu a sake mayar da yawan mutanen wannan kifin mai daɗi. A zamanin yau, ta kama da kayan ado na iya samuwa ne kawai idan akwai lasisi.
Bayani na Janar Chum
Idan muka kula da tsarin rayuwar, zamu iya bambance lokaci biyu. Zamanin farko na rayuwarta ana saninta da tsawon lokaci wanda yafito daga haihuwarta, har zuwa lokacin samartaka. Har zuwa wannan lokacin, kifin yana tafe da zurfin teku da tekuna, har ma iyakokin bakin teku.
Bayan farawar balaga, kifin ya mallaki kayan masarufi daban-daban: kifayen sun zama m, bayyanar sa ta canza sosai. Ta fara tattarawa cikin manyan makarantu kuma tana ƙaura zuwa ga kewayen nesa. Tashi zuwa saman kogunan, a halin yanzu, yana sanya ƙwai, sannan ya mutu. Bayan fitowar soya, sune farkon lokacin samun ƙarfi, rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai tsafta. Samun ƙarfi da ƙarfin, Chum salmon soya a hankali ya zame a cikin teku ya zauna shekaru da yawa a can har sai sun sanya ƙwai kuma yanayin rayuwarsu yana tsayawa.
Asalin gani da kwatancin
Ba a fahimci matakan juyin halittar wannan kifi ba saboda karancin bayanan kimiyya. Ichthyologists sunyi da'awar cewa tsoffin wakilan salmon na zamani sun wanzu a cikin koguna na Arewacin Amurka kimanin shekaru miliyan 50 da suka gabata. Ya kasance ƙarami a cikin girman kuma yayi kama da launin toka a bayyanar da salon rayuwa. Saboda gaskiyar cewa wakilan wannan dangin sun tsira cikin yanayi daban-daban na canjin yanayi yayin aiwatar da canjin yanayi, suna da matukar damuwa ga canje-canjen yanayin rayuwa.
Dangane da zane-zanen kogon, ana iya faɗi cewa tsoffin magabata na kifin kifi na zamani sun riga sun zauna a gindin Pacific kusan shekaru miliyan 10 da suka gabata. Wasu nau'in kifayen da ke zaune a manyan tafkuna.
Yaya chum yake?
Har zuwa lokacin da kifi zai iya riga ya tsallake, jikinsa yana da launi mai kyau, yana da girma da siffar elongated. Gwanin masara na Chum yana da kyawawan halaye masu ɗanɗano tare da ja mai haske, nama mai yawa. Lokacin da kifin ya fara shiryawa don fita don yawon shakatawa, jikinsa yana samun halaye daban-daban waɗanda ke da alaƙa da lokacin kiwo.
Spotsasassun launuka suna bayyana a jikin ɗan dalin, kuma launi gaba ɗaya ya canza zuwa launin shuɗi-launin ruwan kasa. A lokaci guda, yana canzawa mai mahimmanci a cikin girman, musamman ma fadi. Fatar jikinta tayi nauyi da sikelin tayi. Matsayen kifayen suna da rauni kuma haƙoran hakora masu girma dabam suna bayyana. Lokacin da kifin kifi mai tsami ya fara jujjuya shi, yana iya zama ma'anar baki ɗaya kuma har zuwa wannan lokacin bashi da wani amfani.
Bidiyo: Keta
Yawancin nau'ikan kifi sun mutu. Ofaya daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan juzu'ai mai ban sha'awa da ban mamaki ana ɗaukar su "sabmon-toothed salmon." An samo shi ne bayan damis saber-toothed saboda kasancewar dogayen kifayen, kifayen marasa kifin kifi. Tsawonsu ya kai 5-6 santimita a cikin manyan mutane.
Lokaci mafi dacewa a cikin tarihi da juyin halittar kifin chum ya zo ne kimanin shekaru miliyan 2-3.5 da suka gabata. A wannan lokacin ne aka rarraba ruwan salmon a cikin jinsuna, kowannensu ya mamaye yankin shi na mazauninsa.
Girma da nauyin kifi
Keta ya sami damar girma zuwa girman ban sha'awa.A cewar bayanan hukuma, mafi girman mutum ya kasance mita 1 tare da nauyin 16 kilogiram. A lokaci guda, mazauna ofan asalin Khabarovsk Territory suna da'awar cewa mutane, masu nisan mita 1.5 zuwa tsayi, ana samun su a cikin Kogin Okhota, kodayake babu wuya. Gwanin kifin Chum zai tafi, a matsakaita, ya kai tsawon mita 0.5, idan ya kasance lokacin hutun bazara, kuma idan hunturu ne, tsawonsa zai iya kai 70 cm ko fiye.
Bayyanar fasali da fasali
Hoto: Yaya chum yake
Wannan wakilin dangin salmon yana kashe mafi yawan rayuwarsa a cikin ruwa. Dangane da wannan, yana da launi na al'ada ga mazaunan ruwa A cikin ɓangaren baya, kifin yana da launi mai duhu, a cikin ɓangaren ciki shine mafi sauƙi. Wannan launi yana bawa kifin damar kallo biyu a cikin akwati na ruwa da kuma kasan da ke ƙasa. Chum yana da halaye da halaye da yawa dabam.
Alamar yanayin waje:
- babban jikin elongated, elongated siffar,
- dan kadan matsa, m bangarorin,
- udyallin caudal da adipose suna ɗan gudun hijira zuwa wutsiya kuma suna da gashin fuka 8 zuwa 11,
- shugaban ya fi girma a kan asalin babban jiki kuma yana da siffar mazugi,
- bakin yana da fadi, bakin yana da hakora,
- babu duhu aibi da bakin ruwa a bakin,
- jiki yana rufe da sikelin masu matsakaici,
- akwai babban ci gaba da aka fi sani ba tare da daraja ba.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A lokacin tsunduma, yanayin jiki da bayyanar kifin yakan canza sosai. Jikin ya zama mafi girma kuma yana da yawa, yanki mai girma sau biyu. Jaws suna girma sosai, haƙoran hakora suna zama da girma da yawa kuma sun daɗe. Launi yana samun launin ruwan kasa, launin rawaya, koren ko launi mai zaitun. Kwayoyin Lilac ko rasberi suna bayyana a saman sashin jiki, wanda yayi duhu akan lokaci.
Wasu kifaye za su iya girma zuwa girma da yawa. Dyne na jikinta zai iya kaiwa santimita 60-80, kuma nauyin jikinta zai iya wuce kilo 10.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Idan kun yi imani da bayanan hukuma, to matsakaicin girman jikin sallar chum ya kasance mita daya da rabi, kuma adadin shine kilo kilo 16!
Kifayen da ke zuwa yin tsalle-tsalle yawanci suna da tsawon santimita na jikin su kimanin centimita 50-65. Girman jikin damina Chum yana da girma fiye da girman damina lokacin hunturu.
Habitat
Ana iya samun Ketu kawai a cikin Pacific. Ana kiranta wurin bincike saboda tana zaune a cikin tekuna, kuma tana zuwa spain a cikin kogunan ruwa na Far East, Asiya da Arewacin Amurka - daga gabar tekun California zuwa Alaska kanta.
Wannan nau'in kifin kifin Ainihin, suna sarrafa rarar ruwa, zurfin mita 10 daga saman sararin sama.
Da shigowar bazara, ya fara tafiya zuwa ga kewayen arewacin yankuna na Amurka da Kanada, Gabas ta Tsakiya, ya isa bakin tekun Asiya na Koriya ta Kudu da Japan. Yawancin sharan mashin kifi na chum suna shiga cikin koguna da koguna waɗanda ke cikin Tekun Okhotsk. Haka kuma, ana iya samunsa a cikin kogunan Siberiya kamar Lena, Kolyma, Indigirka da Yana.
Bayan wani lokaci, makarantu sun kasu kashi biyu na maza da na balaga. Waɗannan mutane waɗanda ba su riga sun shirya yin yunƙurin ba da baya ba kuma sun tafi kudurorin kudu. Wadannan samfurori iri ɗaya waɗanda suke shirye don sa ƙwai ƙwayayen ana aika su zuwa wuraren shakatawa, daga inda ba za su taɓa dawowa ba.
Ina salmon salim yake?
Hoto: Keta a Rasha
Girman kifi na Chum yana ciyar da mafi yawan rayuwarsa a jikin ruwan gishiri a kusa da yankin gabar teku. Babban mazaunin salmon kabeji shine Itacen Pacific. Yana da al'ada al'ada a kira kifin wani kifi mai wucewa saboda a zahiri yana rayuwa a cikin tekuna, kuma yana kuɓuta zuwa bakin koguna. Ya kamata a sani cewa, don tsintar mashin kifin Chum yana neman ainihin bakin waɗancan koguna, inda ita kanta ta fito kamar soya. Ciyarwa tana faruwa a cikin kogunan ruwa na Gabas ta Tsakiya, kasashen Asiya, da Arewacin Amurka daga California zuwa Alaska.
Kamar yadda yankuna na mazaunin zama da abinci na dindindin, kifin ya zaɓi ruwan dumi na Tekun Pacific - ruwa mai gudana na Kuro-Sivo.
Gidajen salmon
Tashin hankali yana faruwa a bakin kogin. A wannan lokacin, ana iya samun kifi a cikin koguna kamar Lena, Kolyma, Indigirka, Yana, Penzhira, Poronaya, Okhota, da dai sauransu Keta kifi ne mai ruwa mara ruwa. Yawancin mutane suna rayuwa a zurfin da bai wuce mita 10 ba. Kifi suna cinye muhimmiyar rayuwarsu a cikin hijirar abinci. Wannan lokacin na iya shimfiɗa tsawon shekaru 2.5 zuwa 10.
Ichthyologists sun lura cewa daga cikin dukkan wakilan dangin salmon da ke zaune a tekun Pacific, shi dai irin kifin chum ne wanda ke da fa'ida sosai. A wasu yankuna na Rasha, musamman, a Kamchatka da Sakhalin, kifi mashin yana zaune a cikin wuraren waha da aka tsara don noma kifin don dalilan masana'antu.
Menene salmon kifi ya ci?
Abincin abincin salmon na chum ya hada da crustaceans, mollus, da ƙananan kifi kamar herring da smelt. A lokacin da kifin kifi masussukar tsiya, ta ƙi abinci, kuma taɓarɓar abincin tana lalata. A lokaci guda, ya kamata a lura da irin wannan gaskiyar ta gaskiyar cewa a cikin wannan lokacin an kama shi a cikin takaddama, inda aka yi amfani da kifi na ƙuru ko maɓallin wucin gadi. Wannan gaskiyar ba ta da wata alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa tana son ta ci ba babban kifi ba, amma game da gaskiyar cewa tana kiyaye zuriyarta daga haɗari.
Lokacin da aka haife kifi, sun fara ciyar da duka kwari da gawawwakin iyayensu.
Tsarin kiwo
Keta, a yayin cin nasara, ya kasu zuwa bazara da kaka. Ana yin aiwatar da ciyawar lokacin bazara daga watan Agusta zuwa Satumba. Kirjin yana zaɓan wuraren shakatawa a hankali. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, waɗannan wuraren akwai ingantacciyar ƙasa da shuru, ba mai ƙarfi ba. A lokacin lokatai masu tsananin zafin rai, idan ruwa zai iya daskarewa zuwa matuƙar, ƙarancin mutuwar zuriya mai yiwuwa ne. Karancin chum na kaka bazaiyi tasiri ga yanayin sanyi ba, saboda yadda yake zabi wuraren da ake yin filayen motsa jiki inda maɓuɓɓugar ƙasa ta doke.
Ana amfani da kifin kifin Chlam ta hanyar ɗora manyan ƙwai, tare da diamita kusan 7.5 mm Mata suna shiri sosai don wannan aikin. Sun tono ramuka a cikin ƙasa, kuma bayan sun sanya ƙwai a hankali suna rufe qwai da tsakuwa. Zai iya zama babban hillock tare da tsawon mita 2 zuwa 3 da faɗin mita 1.5 zuwa 2. A kan aiwatar da kwanciya qwai, maza suna jan hankali da korar kifayen kusa.
Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa
Hoto: Chum cikin ruwa
Wannan wakilin dangin salmon yana da halayyar zama don komawa wuraren haihuwa. Keta a kusan ɗari bisa dari na lokuta a lokacin tsalle-tsalle suna yin iyo zuwa wuraren wuraren da ita kanta aka haife ta. Wannan halayyar ce ta zama babban ma'aunin abin da ichthyologists ya raba mashin chum zuwa kashi biyu bisa ka'idar yanki - Arewacin Amurka da Asiya. A vivo, an cire haɗuwarsu.
A cikin yankin na Federationungiyar Tarayyar Rasha, wani taksi na Asiya yana zaune da kuma kiwo.
Ya danganta da yankuna mazaunin, masu binciken kimiyyar halittar dabbobi sun gano yawancin rabe-raben wannan nau'in:
- taxon arewa
- Sakhalin,
- Amur
- Tekun Okhotsk.
Bayan soyayyen ya zama mai girma, daidaikun mutane, ba sa zama a cikin koguna, kamar sauran wakilan dangin salmon. Don haɓaka isasshen jikin mutum, yana tafiya zuwa cikin teku a buɗe shekaru da yawa. Da farko, har yanzu mutane marasa kan gado suna barin gaci a wurare da ke keɓe. A karkashin ingantaccen yanayi da wadatar abinci a kowace rana, nauyin jikin kifin yana ƙaruwa kusan kashi 2.5-3. A wannan lokacin, lokacin da girman kifin ya kai santimita 30-40, zai shiga yankin da yake akwai wadataccen abinci. Sau da yawa irin waɗannan tafiye-tafiye na iya wuce shekaru.
Kifin mashin masara na kifi ba shi kadai bane, ya tara a makarantu da yawa. Yawancinsu suna zaune ne a arewacin arewacin tekun Pasifik. Lokacin da bazara ta sauka kuma ruwan ya yi sama, yakan ƙaura zuwa gaɓar arewacin Amurka.Bayan wani lokaci, garkunan da yawa sun kasu kashi biyu na masu jima'i da balaga. Waɗannan kifayen waɗanda ba su taɓa cikakke ba don jefa ƙwai ana aika su zuwa gaɓar tekun kudu. Yayin da kajin ke girma kuma ya girma, sai ya zama mai farautar gaske.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Balagagge yakan faru ne tun yana shekara 3.5 zuwa 6.5. Kashin farko na kiwo shine ya buɗe wa ɗanda ke cikin tseren bazara. Mafi yawan mata masu haihuwa suna faruwa ne a cikin ƙaramin kifi, wanda shekarunsa basu girmi shekaru bakwai ba. Kashi 16-18% kawai mata ne masu shekara bakwai.
Wakilai na nau'ikan bazara sun fara tsunduma cikin ƙarshen bazara, farkon kaka, daidai a wannan lokacin da ruwan yayi dumu-dumu kuma yanayin zafin sa baya sauka ƙasa da digiri 14. Wakilai na kaka tsari tsiro daidai daidai a cikin fall tare da farko na sanyi weather. Matsakaicin wuri don jefa ƙwai ba shi da zurfin yanki, inda zurfin bai wuce mita biyu ba. Gudun ruwa a cikin irin waɗannan wurare bai kamata ya kasance mai ƙarfi ba, kuma ɓarke, ƙwaƙwalwa ko tsakuwa sun fi dacewa kamar ƙarshen ƙasa.
Bayan an sami mafi kyawun wuri, mace ta tanadi wani wuri don shakatawa. Da farko, da taimakon karfin raunin wutsiya, ta tsaftace kasa a inda zata je. Bayan haka, a daidai wannan hanyar, tana murƙushe wani rami a cikin farfajiyar ƙasa, zurfin wanda zai iya kaiwa rabin rabin. A cikin kowace rami, mace ɗaya na iya kwantawa ƙwai kimanin 6-7. Jimlar yawan caviar na iya kaiwa kilo daya da rabi zuwa kilo biyu. Saannan maza suka hadar da shi, kuma mace a hankali ta dogara da shi ta haƙa.
Salmon kifi wani kifi ne mai yawan gaske. Femaleaya mace na iya samarda har zuwa uku zuwa huɗu na waɗannan clutches a yankuna daban-daban a lokacin lokacin ɓarna.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Bayan sanya ƙwai da ƙwayaye, duk kifayen suna mutuwa a cikin kusan wata guda. An raba wannan lokacin ne ta yadda kifayen za su bar filayen su kuma su rarraba a bakin kogin don hana masifar da ke tattare da yanayin halitta.
Lokacin shiryawa shine kimanin kwanaki 120-140. Bayan wannan lokacin, tayi daga jikin kwai, wacce aka sanya cikin kwalin gwaiduwa ta musamman. Yana yin aikin kariya kuma yana ba amfanida tayi tayi ba tare da barin wurin kwan ƙwai ba. Farkon ɓarnar da ke cikin girma tana fitowa a ƙarshen - Afrilu, farkon Mayu. A wannan lokacin, soya tara a kungiyoyi tare da ɓoye cikin ciyayi na bakin teku, duwatsu. Saboda takamaiman launi mai kyau, makarancin da ke sarrafa abubuwa ba su kula da shi ba.
Maƙiyin ket
Hoto: Yaya chum yake
Chum an daidaita shi sosai don rayuwa a saman tekuna. Tana da launi mai kyau, wanda zai ba ta damar kawai don jira ganima, hade da saman gindin, ko ruwan teku, amma kuma ta ɓoye ta wannan hanyar daga abokan gaba. Ko ta yaya, har yanzu tana da isassun abokan gaba. A kowane mataki na ci gabanta, tana da abokan gaba da dama. Sauran magabatan teku suna lalata masarar mashin chum ta cin ƙwayayensa da abincinsa a kan soya, da kan manya.
Babban abokan halitta na soya:
Kifayen manya suna da abokan gaba ba kawai a cikin ruwayen teku ba. Tana da isassun maƙiyan da ke zaune a doron ƙasa. Wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa tana iya iyo cikin ruwa mai zurfi kuma ta zauna a yankin gabar teku.
Abokan manya:
An ba da wuri na musamman tsakanin maƙiyan kifaye ga mutum. Ya yi farautar ta a kan masana'antu. Kwakwalwar sa da jansa suna da tamanin gaske. Kayan da aka shirya daga irin wannan nau'in kifi ana ɗaukar su daɗin gaske ne, ƙwararren na dafuwa, ana yaba su sosai har ma a tsakanin gourmets.
An kama Ketu ta amfani da raga da raga. A kan iyakar Tarayyar Rasha, ana kama kifin kifi a tsakiyar koguna da kuma yankuna a cikin teku.Ana gina tsire-tsire masu sarrafa kifi kusa da manyan wuraren kamun kifi don guje wa lalata nama da caviar.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
Zuwa yau, yawan kifaye a duniya ba abin damuwa bane. An sauƙaƙe wannan ta babban aikin haihuwa. Koyaya, a cikin Rasha, yawan adadin ya ragu sosai a cikin rabin karni da suka gabata. An sauƙaƙe wannan ta hanyar kamun kifi da ba'a sarrafa shi ba da kuma yawan masu bautar dabbobi. Don rage kamun kifi a yankuna na yanayin rayuwa, an kirkiro wuraren kiwon dabbobi na musamman a Sakhalin da Kamchatka, a cikinsu ake kifi kifi don dalilan masana'antu.
A Rasha, sa ido a kan kifayen suna lura da yankuna masu yuwuwar kamun kifi da kuma yakar masu bautar. Hakanan, yawan kifin kifin chiram ta doka yana ba da kariya daga kamawa ba tare da sarrafawa ba kan sikelin masana'antu. Kamun kifi, kamar kamun kifi na masana'antu, ana yarda da shi ne bayan samun izini da kuma samun lasisi na musamman.
Rage adadin adadin kifin chum an inganta shi ta hanyar kamawa musamman manyannn Jafananci kusan rabin ƙarni da suka gabata. A lokacin, sun watsa hanyoyin sadarwa a kan iyakar tare da USSR na kilomita 15,000. A sakamakon irin waɗannan ayyuka, chum ba zai iya komawa Sakhalin, Kamchatka da wuraren shakatawa na yau da kullun ba. A lokacin ne adadin kifin ya ragu sosai. Gwargwadon yawan mutanen da suka gabata kafin hakan bai ma dawo da su ba.
Chum - Wakili mai mahimmanci na dangin salmon. An yaba da shi sosai ta nama mai ƙoshin lafiya da ƙoshin lafiya, da caviar mai daɗin ji sosai.
Bayanin Kifi
Karancin kifin Chum wani nau'in halitta ne wanda ke a cikin tsibiran salmon na Pacific, dangin mashin. Kifi manya suna rayuwa a cikin teku, suna ƙaura a ƙarshen rayuwa zuwa cikin kogunan ruwa na ruwa don kiwo. Ta share lokaci 1 kawai a rayuwarta, sannan ta mutu. A cikin yanayin teku na rayuwarsa, chum yayi kama da ban mamaki kama da kifi. Amma idan ya koma cikin ruwa mai tsafta, sai ya sami canji mai canza shi. Dukkan maza da maza suna da layuka masu layi na haske mai haske launin shuɗi da baki. Karamin kifin masara na samari zai haɓaka a cikin kogin ƙasarsu, suna ƙoƙari su kusanci gaɓar tekun don kariya daga maharba Kafin yin hijira zuwa teku, zai sami dawowar duhu da hasken launi na ciki. Matasa kifi za su nemi ruwa mai zurfi kuma su guje wa haske, yayin da kodan da ƙwayoyi suka canza, suna dacewa da sabon yanayin teku.
Asali halaye na jinsin:
- sunan kimiyya: Oncorhynchus keta,
- nau'in: mafarauta suna ƙaura (tururuwa) daga kogin ruwa zuwa ruwa a farkon rayuwa da dawowa a ƙarshen,
- mazaunin: a Arewacin Pacific Ocean ya shimfida daga tekun Arctic na Kanada zuwa gaɓar tekun arewa na Arewacin Amurka da Asiya,
- spawning: kafin mutuwa,
- lokacin tsabtacewa: lokacin kaka da kaka - farkon farkon Disamba, ba a yawancin lokaci a lokacin rani,
- abinci: tsutsa tsutsa, cizon maye, mollusks da kifaye iri iri.
Menene kamarsa
Yayinda ya girma, matashin kifi na kirim ya samu wata karamar launi mai launin kore tare da bayanta da kuma saman layinta, tare da wakilcin kananan dige. Wutsiya tana da girman gaske; tana da girma fiye da sauran nau'ikan salmon na tsibiran Pacific kuma tana da rawanin silifas (amma ba tsakanin) haskoki na fin.
Yayinda manya ke balaguro zuwa spain a cikin ruwa mai kyau, launi da bayyanar dukkan mata da maza sun canza sosai. Maza sun rasa launinsu na azurfa kuma suna da launuka daga zaitun mai duhu zuwa launin ruwan hoda tare da launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi ko shunayya. Hakoran hakora suna fitowa a cikin bakin, yayi kama da karnukan kare, wanda shine dalilin da yasa a wasu hanyoyin kasashen waje ana kiran salmon kifi salmon. Mata suna fentin launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka tare da madaidaiciyar madaidaicin tsinkaye wanda ya bayyana a gefen layi. Hakanan suna haɓaka hakora na gaba, amma sun fi ƙananan maza girma.
Girman kifi na Chum wanda ya fito daga qwai yana da 8-12 a tsaye, daidai yake da nau'ikan baƙin duhu waɗanda ba su ƙetare layin gefe ba.Babban launi ga mace da namiji shine duhu mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi tare da bangon baya da launin rawaya mai ƙyalli a ƙasa da ƙarshen layin. A lokacin ƙaura zuwa wuraren buɗe ido, girma saurayi ya kai 3-5 cm a tsayi.
Nawa ne rayuwa, girma da nauyi
Matsakaicin tsawon rayuwar kifin masara a cikin daji shine daga shekaru 2 zuwa 7. A lokacin tsallakewa, mace tayi daga qwai 1,500 zuwa 10,000, amma 10 ne kacal daga cikinsu zasu tsira don karewa. Matsakaicin tsawon kifin mutum shine 60-70 cm, kuma nauyinta shine 4,5 kg. Matsakaicin tsararren kifin chum shine 100 cm, kuma nauyin samfurin shine kilogram 15.9.
Chum ba shi da nau'in Botanically da aka bayyana. Yana kawai ɗaukar yanayi daban-daban a rayuwarta. A cikin lokacin soya, kifin an daidaita shi da rayuwa cikin ruwa mai kyau, to, kafin a tura shi zuwa tekun, jikinsa yana canji kuma yana canza launi. Duk rayuwarsa a cikin teku, kifin yakan ciyar da mai, kuma da zaran ya manyanta, sai ya je ya yi kauri a cikin kogin haihuwarsa. A wannan lokacin, jikinta yana sake canzawa.
Spawning yana faruwa daga Yuni zuwa Nuwamba. Wadancan kifayen da suka fito daga qwai da aka sanya a cikin rani ana kiranta ɗumbin bazara, kuma daga baya - kaka. Yanayin ruwan a lokacin bayyanar soya zai zama daban, saboda haka kifin ya ɗan bambanta girma da haɓaka. Autar ana daukarsu sun fi girma.
Yankin
Keta fi son ruwan teku mai gishiri, saboda haka ba za ku same ta a cikin ruwa mai ɗora ba. Babban kewayonsa shine tekuna da tekun teku ko kuma jihar bakin teku. Babban yankin "mazaunin" shine Tekun Pacific. Ba don komai ba ne suke kira mai tafiya kai tsaye. A lokacin tsinkewa, sai ta bar ruwan gishiri na yau da kullun sannan ta shiga sabbin koguna, yawanci tana neman waɗancan yankuna da ta fito daga soya. Ba ta son zurfin ciki, don haka da wuya idan ta yi iyo zurfin sama da 10 m.
Ichthyologists sun lura cewa kifin chikin chum kawai yana da babban adadin. A ƙasarmu, ana buge da a cikin wuraren waha na wucin gadi wanda aka tsara musamman don nau'in kifaye masu kima.
Kamar yadda muka fada a baya, masara chum ya kasu kashi biyu: kaka da damina. Bambanci tsakanin su yana cikin lokacin tsiro, haihuwa da girman sa. Kifi kifi spawns a cikin fall. Caviar jefawa yana farawa a watan Satumba kuma ya ƙare a watan Nuwamba. Kifayen wannan tsere sun fi girma, nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 20, tsayinsa ya wuce cm 100. Yana yin tafiye-tafiye mai nisa - har zuwa kilomita 2000, wanda ba za a iya faɗi game da lokacin bazara ba. A bayyane yake cewa irin wannan tsere ya fi mahimmanci ga kamun kifi.
Itace lokacin bazara na faruwa a watan Agusta kuma ya ƙare a watan Satumba. Yana da ƙananan girma, da wuya wuce tsawon 50 cm.
Ichthyologists sun gano nau'i biyu na kifi: Asiya da Arewacin Amurka.
Ya danganta da kewayon, kifi ya kasu kashi uku:
Akwai kuma nau'in Sakhalin, wanda muka riga muka bayyana a sama.
Ya dace a san cewa, bayan sun juya daga soya zuwa mazan da suka manyanta, kifin ya shiga cikin ruwan gishiri na tsawan shekaru da yawa kuma ya ninka adadinsu a wurin. Da farko, sun manne wa wuraren da ba kowa a kusa da bakin tekun, daga baya, sun kai tsawon 35 cm kuma sun sami ɗan ƙarfi, za su ci gaba da tafiya don neman abinci mai yawa. Irin wannan ƙaura a cikin kifin mashin chum na iya kasancewa tsawon lokaci - har zuwa shekaru da yawa. Amma ba za a iya cewa kifin ya zama ruwan dare kuma yana iyo da kansa. Tana tattarawa cikin garken da yawa, wanda zai iya zama haɗari sosai, musamman a lokacin ɓarnar.
Idan zooplankton, larvae da ragowar kifayen matattun sun isa saurayi, to salmon masara na manya yana buƙatar ƙarin abinci mai gina jiki, wanda zai iya zama ƙaramin kifi, kamar herring ko smelt, crustaceans, mollusks, da dai sauransu Matsakaicin rayuwar shine shekaru 7.
Menene bambanci tsakanin kifin chum da ruwan hoda na ruwan hoda?
Gumbin kifi mai ruwan hoda, kamar kifin kifi, yana cikin dangin salmon. Tana da inuwa mai haske da sikeli mai haske. A lokacin ɓarna, ta, kamar ɗanta "ɗan'uwanta", yana canza launi. Halin halayyar mutum shine kasancewar abubuwan duhu a baya da wutsiya.
Yana da ƙanana kaɗan. Jumlar salmon mai ruwan hoda tana da danshi kuma tana da ƙiba fiye da kifin chum, wanda abincin ya bayyana shi. Yana da adadin kuzari mai yawa kuma mafi girman adadin kuzari, kodayake baya kaiwa girma mai girma.
Bari mu bayyana manyan bambance-bambance tsakanin nau'ikan guda biyu:
- Girma: chum ya fi girma kifi mai ruwan hoda.
- Launi: kifin chum yana da ƙima na azurfa, kifin ruwan hoda yana da inuwa mai haske na launin shuɗi.
- Girman sikeli: kifi kifi yana da ƙananan sikeli idan aka kwatanta shi da kifin chum.
- Nama: a cikin kifi mai ruwan hoda, ya yi kiba da danshi, amma a kifin mashin chum, ya fi taushi
- Girman ƙwai: a cikin kifi sun fi girma a kan kifi ruwan hoda, da haske.
- Ofimar caviar: a cikin ruwan kifi mai ruwan hoda, ana ganin ta zama cikakke da taushi, saboda haka ya fi ƙima.
Abun ciki da adadin kuzari
Amfani da ƙimar kowane samfuri yana faruwa ne saboda abubuwan da ya ƙunsa. A cikin naman mashin chum, isasshen adadin ma'adanai, bitamin, acid wanda ya cancanci jikin ɗan adam, da macro- da microelements.
Daga cikin bitamin, yana da daraja a nuna wa ƙungiyoyin:
Yana da mahimmanci kifin ya ƙunshi acid na omega-6 da -3, wanda zai iya rage tsufa da ɗaukar suturar jiki, sannan kuma yana tallafawa aikin al'ada na gabobin mutum.
Ina son musamman mu haskaka waɗannan abubuwan da ake gabatarwa a cikin nama:
Kalori cum low. Akwai kawai 127 kcal ga 100 g na samfurin. Amma abun da ke cikin kalori na iya bambanta dangane da shiri. Don haka, alal misali, a cikin salted, zai zama daidai da kusan 184 kcal, kuma a cikin soyayyen, tuni ya ƙaru a wasu lokuta kuma zai kasance daidai da 225 kcal. Wannan ya zama dole ga wadancan mutanen da suke kallon adon su da kuma kiba
Bugu da kari, yawan amfani da makamashi yana da matukar girma:
Babban fa'ida
Ketu ana iya kasancewa cikin aminci ga nau'ikan samfuran abubuwan da ake ci wanda a jikinsa akwai abubuwan carbohydrates gabaɗaya, amma akwai furotin da yawa. Kyakkyawan nama ga waɗanda suke, saboda dalilai na kiwon lafiya, suna sanya ƙuntatawa akan cin abinci.
Muna haskaka mahimman fa'idodin naman chum:
- Yana ƙarfafa aikin kwakwalwa da tsarin juyayi na tsakiya.
- Ya ƙunshi antioxidants, sabili da haka yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan jiki, wanda ba shakka yana haifar da ci gaba a cikin tsarin gashi, faranti ƙusa da fata.
- Tasiri mai amfani ga aikin jijiyoyin jini.
- Inganta aikin gani na mutum.
- Godiya ga phosphorus yana ƙarfafa hakora, ƙashi, gashi da kusoshi.
- Yana haɓaka haemoglobin, saboda haka yana da amfani ga marasa lafiya da cutar hauka.
- Yana taimaka wa jiki wajen jure kamuwa da iska, sanyi da sauran cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa.
- Inganta tsari na rayuwa a jiki.
- An ba da shawarar don rigakafin thrombosis da atherosclerosis.
- Yana tsaftace jiki daga yanka da kuma cholesterol marasa amfani.
- Yana inganta yanayin janar, wanda ya ƙunshi haɓaka yanayi da walwala, yana kawar da damuwa.
- Yana tsaftace hanta da taimaka wa kwayoyin jikinsu da sauri.
- Tasiri mai tasiri akan ayyukan haifuwa.
Anan, kawai wani ɓangare na kayan amfani da mahimmanci ga mutum ya lissafa, amma akwai da yawa daga cikinsu. Sabili da haka, zamuyi la'akari daban ga kowane rukuni.
Ga mata
Kayan naman alade kuma musamman cavar sa zai kawo saurayi na biyu ga matar. Zasu sabunta fata, dawo da hasarar gashi da kusoshi. Idan kayi la'akari da gaskiyar cewa kifin yana da ƙananan kalori, to kada ka ji tsoro don ƙarin fam da adadi mai lalacewa.
Wani muhimmin mahimmanci ga mata shine cewa omega acid, wanda aka sani don iyawarsu na rage tsufa da kuma sabunta jiki, suna cikin naman kifi. Saboda kasancewar methionine, aikin hanji da hanta yana inganta, haka kuma jihohi masu juyayi suna samun sauƙi, yanayi yana inganta.
Keta caviar mai dauke da bitamin E shima yana da amfani ga mata, godiya ga wanda ya yuwu a tsaida ayyukan haihuwa. An san cewa yana taimakawa tare da rashin haihuwa, wanda yake da mahimmanci musamman ga waɗanda suke son haihuwa.
Ga maza
Don rabi mai ƙarfi, musamman ga 'yan wasa, ƙwayar chum za ta sami sakamako mai amfani a cikin taro na tsoka. Saboda yawan wadataccen furotin a ciki, tsokoki suna ƙaruwa da ƙaruwa. Tare da cututtuka daban-daban, kifin zai iya saurin sa mutum a ƙafafunsa, wanda yake da mahimmanci musamman ga maza.
Masana ilimin abinci suna ɗaukar fillet na mashin chum a matsayin ingantaccen samfuri don riƙe daidaitaccen aiki na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.Godiya ga omega-3 da -6 acid, da magnesium, kifi na iya rage hadarin bugun zuciya da bugun zuciya.
Ga maza, ba nama kawai ba, har ma caviar zai zama da amfani, tunda ana ɗaukarsa azaman rashin daidaituwa wanda zai iya taimakawa rashin jima'i.
A lokacin daukar ciki
Chum yana cikin jerin kifin da aka yarda da mata masu juna biyu. Godiya ga abun da ke ciki, zaku iya dawo da karfi kuma ku baiwa tayin duk abin da ya wajaba don ci gaban da ya dace. Godiya ga abubuwa masu mahimmanci, kamar omega-3, rigakafi yana ƙaruwa, ƙasusuwa suna ƙaruwa. Abubuwan da ke kunshe a cikin kifi suna da mahimmanci ga jariri wanda ba a haife shi ba don ingantaccen tsari da aiki da kwakwalwa da tsarin juyayi. Masana ilimin kimiyya sun tabbatar da cewa yaran da aka haifa ga matan da suka ci jan kifi a lokacin haihuwa suna gaba da takwarorinsu na ci gaba.
Amma dole ku tuna cewa kifi mai gishiri, busasshen ko shayar ba zai kawo fa'idodi kamar gasa ko dafaffen dafaffen nama ba. Hakanan ana ba da izinin abincin gwangwani, idan dai suna da inganci.
Lokacin ciyarwa
An san cewa yayin lactation, i.e. bayan haihuwa, mace tana da karancin furotin a jikinta. Kuma da yake jan kifi yana sauƙaƙe ta jiki, yana yiwuwa a cika ƙarancin abubuwan amfani a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Ga jariri, kayan abinci masu mahimmanci da ke cikin naman kifin ba zai zama da amfani ba, har ma ya zama dole. Godiya ga aidin, selenium, alli da phosphorus, kwarangwal yaron zai karfafa, samar da jini a cikin kwakwalwa zai inganta, kuma bacci zai daidaita. A takaice dai, fillet ɗin kifin zai ba mahaifiyar da kanta damar dawo da ƙarfi, da jariri - cikin sauri da girma da haɓaka.
Kafin kara chum a cikin abincin ku, kuna buƙatar saka idanu akan halayen jariri. Idan bashi da alamun rashin lafiyan, to zaka iya amfani da abincin kifin cikin matsakaici. A bayyane yake ya fi kyau ki ƙi ɗanɗana ko shan salmon ɗin salim ko kuma a ɗauka da ƙananan allurai. Zai fi kyau a ci ɗanyen da aka dafa, ko aka gasa, ko ɗan dako.
Ga yara
Yana da kyau yara su ba chum. Haɗin nama ya haɗa da dukkanin abubuwan da ake buƙata da ma'adanai waɗanda ke da amfani ga yaro. Don haka, thiamine, wanda yake cikin fillet ɗin kifi, yana kunna kwakwalwa, yana ƙaruwa da inganci da rigakafi. Godiya ga phosphorus, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙashi yana da ƙarfi. Vitamin A, wanda ya isa cikin kifi, yana inganta hangen nesa.
Yawan cin kifi na yau da kullun yana haɓaka juriya ga ƙwayoyin cuta da cutarwa iri iri, gami da sanyi.
Lokacin rasa nauyi
Mutanen da ke neman cire karin fam za su iya tafasa mashin chum ko a sa su. Tare da hanyar dafa abinci na ƙarshe, naman zai zama m da m. Don ba da ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami da ganye. Kuna iya gasa kifi ta hanyar sanya dukkan abubuwan da aka jera a cikin tsare. Zai ɗauki rabin sa'a don kifin mai da aka shirya.
Masana ilimin abinci sun ce abincin teku bashi da amfani kawai, har ma ya zama dole don rage kiba mai yawa. An haɗa Keta a cikin jerin abincin da aka yarda don asarar nauyi saboda ƙarancin kalori da ƙima na nama.
Tare da ciwon farji
Marasa lafiya tare da cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ya kamata ya zama mai lura da cin abincin mashin. Haramun ne a ci su ta kowane irin yanayi yayin cutar! Amma a lokacin kafewa, an ba shi izinin gabatar da shi a cikin kifin abinci na mai mai matsakaici, wanda salmon ɗin kifi yake. Bai kamata a cinye shi koyaushe ba, duk da halayensa masu mahimmanci. Zai fi kyau a riƙa sanya kanka cikin ƙananan kayan abinci kaɗan sau da yawa fiye da wahala da wahalar da ba za a iya jurewa ba bayan wata daya.
Tare da gastritis
Ba'a bada shawarar Ketu don maganin gastritis ba. Amma idan ka sake tunanin hanyar dafa nama, to zaku iya ci kadan. Ba za ku iya cin fillet da aka dafa a cikin batter ko boneless kafin soya ba. Wannan gaskiya ne musamman ga marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari. Amma a dafa, gasa a cikin tsare ko kuma steamed dafaffen fillet an yarda ya dauki marasa lafiya da cututtukan ciki, amma ba a lokacin cutarwa ba.
Shin salum caviar yana da amfani
Babu shakka yana da amfani.Irin wannan abincin shine ɗakunan ajiya na ma'adanai, macro- da microelements, bitamin, acid mai mahimmanci ga ɗan adam. Mun lissafa wasu mahimman kaddarorin caviar ga mutane:
- replenishes kuma cike da jiki tare da zama dole abubuwa,
- yana karfafa aikin kwakwalwa, da inganta kwakwalwa,
- yana kawar da cholesterol mai cutarwa, kuma yana kawar da gubobi,
- yana haɓaka hanyoyin warkar da ƙwayar cuta a matakin salula,
- normalizes matsa lamba
- yana hana thrombosis, yana ƙarfafa ganuwar jijiyoyin jini,
- yana taimaka tsayar da aikin zuciya,
- yana hana haɓakar ciwan kansa,
- yana sarrafa sukari na jini
- yana hana jijiyoyin varicose,
- yana hanzarta warkar da raunuka, abrasions, yanke, da sauransu. a kan fata mutum
- yana karfafa nama
- ya mallaki sauran kyawawan kaddarorin saboda ƙirar ingancinsa.
Yadda ake gishiri
Muna ba da girke-girke mafi sauƙi. Muna buƙatar caviar na kifi mashin, wanda a baya aka fitar dashi daga gawa. A cikin jaka na fim an sanya qwai. Ya kamata a kwashe su daga can. Don yin wannan, kurkura jakunkuna a ruwan mai sanyi. Ya kamata ya zama mai gishiri, kamar yadda ƙwai za su iya taurara cikin farin ruwa. 30auki 30 g na gishiri a kowace lita. Bayan yin wanki, sai a shafa fim din da hannayenmu domin ya birgima a cikin tafin hannu, a tsage shi. Cire qwai cikin kwano daban.
Yanzu mun fara shirya brine. Muna buƙatar 200 ml na ruwa mai zafi, amma ba zafi ba, amma dumi! Haɗa shi da gishiri. Adadin gishirin mutum ɗaya ne. Don bincika shirye-shiryen brine, zaku iya jefa karamin dankalin turawa a ciki. Idan ya fito, to lalle akwai gishiri sosai.
Zuba caviar tare da brine kuma bar shi zuwa gishiri. Salting zai buƙaci aƙalla 3 hours. Bayan lokaci ya wuce, cire ruwa. Muna shirya wani brine, mai kama da wanda ya gabata, kuma wanke qwai da shi. Muna bakara kwalba da murfin kuma sanya caviar a ciki. Zai fi kyau amfani da kwantena na gilashi. Cika ƙwai tare da man kayan lambu (150 ml), rufe lids kuma aika su zuwa firiji don ajiya.
Cmta da contraindications
Kifi kusan ba shi da maganin hana haihuwa, kodayake, mutane masu saurin kamuwa da cuta ya kamata a kula dasu da taka tsantsan ko kuma a cire su gaba ɗaya cikin abincinsu. Misali, idan an lura da wani martani ga furotin ko kuma musamman game da abincin teku. Kada kayi amfani da kifin kifin chum idan akwai alamun rashin haƙuri ga samfurin.
An soyayyen kifi a cikin mai a cikin marasa lafiya da matsaloli tare da jijiyoyin jini, zuciya, hanta ko kodan. Zai fi kyau a dafa nama ko tururi. Don haka zai zama daɗi, kuma mafi mahimmanci - lafiya.
Yadda zaka zabi kuma adanawa
Ga masu siyan da ba su da kwarewa, akwai wasu nasihu don zaɓar gawa “madaidaiciya” gawa irin itacen chum. Ba shi da sauƙi a rarrabe shi da nau'ikan kifaye masu rahusa kamar su salmon ruwan hoda, don haka ya kamata ku bi shawarar kwararru don kar masu yaudara su yaudare ku.
- Gwanin kifin Chum sun fi salmon ruwan hoda girma da yawa. Idan matsakaicin nauyin rabin shine kilogiram 3 kawai, to, tsintsin yana da kilo 5-6 ko fiye.
- Naman sabon kifin masara chum koyaushe mai haske ruwan hoda.
- Idan za ta yiwu, kuna buƙatar jin ƙamshin naman. Jin ƙamshin kifi zai nuna cewa an kama kifin chum kwanan nan.
- Yana da kyau a kula da idanu. Bai kamata su zama laka ba.
- Ba a son mutum ya zaɓi gawa mai birgewa, aibobi, abrasions.
- Kuna buƙatar yin ƙoƙari don bincika ƙwayar nama. Idan idan ka danna jikin gawa to nan da nan dent ɗin ya ɓace kuma jikin kifin ya ɗauki asalinsa, to, zaka iya ɗauka. Idan haƙori ya ragu, to salmon kifi ba shine farkon sabo ba.
- Fum chum yana da yanayin jiki mai santsi.
Adanawa
Ya danganta da yanayin kifin, ana amfani da zaɓuɓɓukan ajiya daban-daban.
Fresh
Za a iya adana kifin chum na sabo Kafin aika shi don ajiya, ya zama dole don aiwatar da aikin shirya, wanda ya hada da tsabtacewa daga sikeli da cire kayan ciki.Sannan a shafa kifin sosai, a bushe shi da tawul ɗin takarda, a sa a cikin kwano daban kuma a rufe da murfi. Kuna iya amfani da fim ɗin jingina ko jakar filastik mai tsabta. Abin da aka kiyaye don ajiyar na iya zama gishirin ko ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami.
M
Za a iya adana salim ɗin gishirin salim a gida fiye da sabo. Misali, rayuwar shiryayyen kifi mai gishiri ita ce kwana 3, kuma saboda an rufe salted a cikin injin - 1 ga wata. Kwanaki 30 ana ba da izinin adana kifin mai gishiri sosai.
Don tsawaita rayuwar kifi na kifi na chiram, zaku iya amfani da man kayan lambu wanda za'a sanya kifayen ko gawa. Sannan ajalin zai kara zuwa watanni 3.
Kuna iya gishiri da kifin da kanka, ta yin amfani da duk ƙa'idodi don kiyaye abinci. Salmon kabeji da kyau, wanda aka dafa shi da kansa, za'a iya adana shi a cikin firiji har zuwa kwanaki 25.
Kyafaffen
Yawan nau'in kifi na jan kifi ana sha ko da zafi ko sanyi. Kalmar don kifi mai-dafa zafi kwana 3, babu ƙari, alhali ga kifin ruwan kifi na daskararre, har zuwa kwanaki 10. Yana da kyau a ajiye irin waɗannan samfuran a cikin jaka a cikin firiji.
An bushe
Zaɓin da aka bushe shine mafi yawan abin dogara. Rayuwa akan shiryayyen rayuwarsa yanzun ba'a iyakance ba. A cikin shekarar, zaka iya faranta ran gidanka da kayan bushe-bushe na rana. Amma don adana ta dace, ya wajaba don kunsa kifin tare da takaddun takarda kuma aika shi zuwa shelf ɗin tsakiya a cikin firiji.
Kirkin kabeji da aka dafa
Kifi a cikin Boiled, stewed ko wasu nau'ikan an adana su ba 2 days. Amma ga Rolls da sushi ta amfani da jan kifi, ajalin ya fi guntu - rana 1.
Daskarewa
Don daskare kifin, ya zama dole a shirya: tsabta daga ɗakunan ajiya da rarraba su a cikin jakunkuna. Kuna iya amfani da tsarewa. Saboda haka, ana iya adana shi a cikin injin daskarewa har tsawon watanni. Defrost ne na musamman kafin cin abinci, kuma a wata hanya ta zahiri. Babu ruwan zafi ko obin na lantarki, in ba haka ba kifin zai rasa wasu halayensa masu amfani da ɗanɗano. Dole ne a yi komai a hankali:
- Canja wuri daga injin daskarewa zuwa firiji.
- Rike can can da yawa sa'o'i, dangane da yanayin ta.
- Da zaran kifin ya fara nuna wasu alamun alamun narkewa, cire shi daga firiji kuma bari ya kwance kayan cikin riga. Zazzabi ya kamata ya zama dakin zazzabi.
- Sake daskarewa ba da shawarar ba, saboda haka kuna buƙatar fara ɗaukar kifi a cikin ƙananan sassa kafin daskarewa. Sannan samun daidai adadin kifin chum wanda ya wajaba don shirye-shiryen wani kwano.
Yadda ake dafa kifi mashin chum: girke-girke
Akwai hanyoyin dafa abinci da yawa. Amma da farko ina so in ba wa masu gidan shawarar wasu 'yan shawarwari domin abincinsu na naman chum a koyaushe suna nasara:
- Kifi ya soyayyen sosai ko an gasa shi lokacin da zafi ya yi yawa. Wannan ya shafi hanyar dafa abinci a kan gasa, har ma da batter.
- Lokacin yin soya yanki na kifi, yana da daraja amfani da ganye daban-daban, kayan ƙanshi, da sauransu, wanda zai iya inganta ƙanshin nama da ba shi dandano na musamman. Irin waɗannan abubuwan sun hada da guda na lemon, sesame tsaba, Basil, thyme, Rosemary, da dai sauransu.
- Lokacin siyan salmon ɗin giyan ɗan itacen salma a kantin kayan miya, zai fi kyau jiƙa shi nan da nan. Mai sana'anta koyaushe yana amfani da adadin abubuwa masu yawa iri daban-daban, gami da gishiri, don tsawaita rayuwar rayuwar shiryayye da rayuwar samfurin. Amma ga mutum ba zai kawo wani fa'ida ba, illa kawai ya cutar da lafiyar.
- An ba da shawarar a marin shi da man zaitun, ruwan lemun tsami da kayan ƙanshi, waɗanda dangin suka fi so, kafin dafa abinci.
Abin da ya kamata ku sani game da nama
Duk wani kifi, musamman ja, kayan samfuri ne na kirkirar abinci. Ana iya shirya su ta hanyoyi da yawa, gami da soya, yin burodi, tuƙa, danshin, gyada, tafasa, da sauransu Suna iya zama ɗayan kayan abinci don salati, kayan lambu, miya, da sauransu. Ana iya ba da kifi a teburin azaman abinci na daban ko azaman abincin ƙari.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa salmon kifi yana da kyawawan halayen gastronomic.Don naman ya ci gaba da amfani kuma kada ya rasa kyawawan halayensa, yana da mahimmanci kusanci yadda ya kamata. Salmon kifi yana ɗaya daga cikin representativesan wakilai na ruwa waɗanda abincinsu (fillet) bai kamata a soya ba. A yayin aiwatar da roasting, ba kawai kayan aikinta masu amfani suke rasa ba, amma samfurin da kanta ya zama mara dadi da bushewa (bushe). Idan da gaske kuna soya, to, zai fi kyau amfani da batter. Hanya mafi dacewa don dafa ita ce kifi a cikin tsare ko a cikin kwantena, kamar tukwane.
Ana iya siyan Keta ta fannoni daban-daban: sabo, mai sanyi, mai sanyi, wanda aka sha, mai gishiri, da dai sauransu. Fresh, ya dace da yin miya, musamman miyan kifi. Sauran jita-jita masu zafi za'a iya shirya su. A cikin nau'in salted, ana iya amfani da kifin kifi a matsayin tasa mai zaman kanta ko kuma azaman kayan abinci don salatin ko kowane abincin da ke cikin sanyi. Ya kamata a wanke kifin mai gishiri sosai daga gishiri mai yawa, kuma ya fi kyau jiƙa kadan.
Matukar san sani! Ba wai kawai kifin chiram ɗin ana ɗaukar shi azaman abin ci bane. Roi kifi ba shi da ƙanƙanta da nama a cikin komai. Hakanan lafiya, lafiyayye kuma mai dadi. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran wakilan kifayen ja, ƙwai na kifi mashin kullun mai yawa ne, na roba, suna da launi mai haske mai haske.
A cikin tanda
- Salmon salmon fillet - 250 g,
- man zaitun - 2 tbsp.,
- ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami - 2 tbsp.,
- Gishirin, gishiri, kayan yaji, ganye da barkono - a iyawar uwar gida.
- Da farko, shirya marinade: Mix ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami tare da mai, ƙara kayan yaji da ganye. Duk gishiri da barkono.
- Sa mai guntun kifin tare da marinade kuma bar su a cikin wannan halin na kimanin mintina 10. A halin yanzu, fin tanda tanda zuwa 180 ° C.
- Mun sa kifin masara ɗin cilin da aka ɗora a kan takardar mai yin girki da aika zuwa tanda. Kuna iya sanya takarda a takarda a kan takardar burodi.
- Muna jira ba fiye da minti 15 don kifin ya dafa.
A cikin kwanon rufi
Kuna buƙatar shirya samfuran a gaba:
- naman alade - 700 g,
- albasa - 1 pc.,
- broth (kifi) - 200 ml,
- gari - 3 tablespoons,
- tumatir manna - 2 tbsp.,
- busassun giya - 50 ml
- citric acid - 5 g,
- man kayan lambu - 100 g,
- barkono - 1 tsp,
- sukari - 2 tsp,
- gishiri - 1 tsp,
- ganye - a hankali na uwar gida.
- Mun yanke kifin cikin kananan guda, gishiri, barkono da sanya su cikin tasa. Firinti mai burodi a cikin gari ya bar.
- Mun sanya kwanon rufi a kan babban wuta, zuba mai kuma soya. Lokacin soya - minti 10.
- Yanke albasa a cikin rabin zobba, mirgine su a cikin gari kuma toya su a cikin kwanon frying a cikin mai. Sanya manna tumatir a cikin albasa, a zuba mai a nan a gauraya komai.
- Hakanan muna tura nan giya, citric acid da sukari. Haɗa.
- Sanya garin soyayyen fillet din a cikin cakuda preheated, rufe kwanon rufi tare da murfi da fara dafa naman a kan zafi kadan. Lokacin dafa abinci - ba fiye da minti 15.
- Finely sara da ganye.
- Mun sami kifin kirim, saka shi a kan farantin karfe, yayyafa shi da ganye kuma muyi hidima.
A cikin mai dafaffen jinkiri
Za mu dafa yankin. Da ake bukata:
- kirkin kifi salma - 1 pc.,
- grated wuya cuku - 100 g,
- man kayan lambu - 30 ml,
- gishiri da barkono - a hankali na uwar gida.
- Kurkura yankin da bushe shi da tawul ɗin takarda.
- Sa mai da mai, gishiri da, idan ya cancanta, barkono.
- Yayyafa da cuku grated a saman kuma lay a kan kasan multicooker.
- Saita yanayin yin burodi na mintuna 35-40.
Gasa
- naman alade (fillet) - 1 kg,
- ginger - 45 g
- Mango - 2 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- tafarnuwa - 3 cloves, 4 na iya zama,
- barkono - 2 tsp,
- giya - 400 ml
- man zaitun - 2 tbsp.,
- gishiri - a hankali na uwar gida,
- lemun tsami - 1 pc.
- An yanyanka naman naman cikin tsiran-matsakaici.
- Shirya marinade: a yanka a kananan guda na mango da ginger, a cakuda su, ƙara yankakken tafarnuwa (zaku iya matse shi a cikin matattarar tafarnuwa), ku doke komai tare da blender don yin cakuda hadin kai. Zuba giya a ciki, gishiri, 'gaisuwa' komai tare da barkono da Mix da kyau.
- Tsoma shirye fillet guda a cikin marinade kuma bar su daga for 1.5-2 hours a firiji.
- Mun sami kyan mashin kirim da aka girka, muka ɗora shi a kan wani kanano, yayyafa shi da mai, aka kunsa. A cikin tsare mu soya nama a kan waya don minti 25, ba ƙasa.
- Mun cire guda na tsare, kuma sake sanya su a kan niƙa don soya a kowane ɗayan minti 10.
- Sanya fillet din mai launin ruwan kasa a kwano, yayyafa ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami ka bauta wa baƙi.
Cutlets
Don dafa abinci zaka buƙaci:
- naman kifi mashin - 500 g,
- qwai - 2 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- albasa - 1 pc.,
- mayonnaise - 3 tablespoons,
- cuku wuya - 100 g,
- sitaci - 3 tablespoons,
- kayan yaji - a wajan baiwa ta,
- gishiri - 1 tsp
- Yanke naman a cikin yanka.
- Rub da albasarta ko wucewa ta wurin niƙa nama ko haɗawa. Finelyara yankakken kifin kirim da aka yanke da kifi.
- Sanya mayonnaise, kirfa naman da aka kwantar da shi sannan a bar shi ya jiƙa kamar awanni biyu. Cuku grated tare da manyan cloves.
- Mun sami naman da aka yanke, ƙara ƙwai a ciki kuma a hankali shafaɗa komai, kamar kullu. Sai a barkono a kara gishiri. Idan ka yanke shawarar amfani da kayan ƙanshi, zaku iya ƙara su nan da nan a cikin naman da aka dafa, tare da gishiri. Muna saɗa taro har sai m kuma bar shi zuwa "hutawa" na wani minti 10.
- Mun sanya kwanon rufi a murhu, zuba mai kuma dafa shi sosai.
- Yada naman da aka yanka tare da cokali a kan kwanon ruya kuma fara farawa a garesu. Wutar ta zama matsakaici.
Komai ya shirya! Ku bauta wa teburin, an yi wa ado da ganye. Kasance cikin koshin lafiya!
Don shirya zaka buƙaci:
- naman kifi mashin - 500 g,
- albasa - 1 pc.,
- dankali - 4 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- karas - 1 pc.,
- faski da Dill - bunƙasa ɗaya kowannensu,
- Peas na barkono - 3 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- gishiri - a hankali na uwar gida.
- Kayan kifi: tsabtatawa Sikeli, rabu da mu insides, kurkura kuma a yanka a cikin guda. Sanya a cikin kwanon rufi da ruwa kuma saka matsakaici mai zafi.
- Wanke dankali da peeled a yanka a cikin cubes.
- Mun yanke peeled kuma wanke karas cikin da'irori.
- Muna tsabtace albasa daga murƙ, wankewa da sara.
- Da zaran ruwa da kifi suka tafasa, za mu aika da karas, albasa da dankali.
- Muna rufe jita-jita kuma ci gaba da dafa abinci akan zafi kadan na minti 15-20.
- Wasu 'yan mintoci kaɗan kafin a shirya, ƙara ƙara yankakken ganye.
Kebab
- naman kifi mashin - 500 g,
- albasa - 4 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- barkono kararrawa - 1 pc.,
- lemun tsami - rabi
- gishiri - a hankali na uwar gida,
- kayan yaji - 2 tsp,
- Soya miya - 2 tsp,
- man zaitun - 2 tbsp.
- Muna wanke kayan lambu mu barsu su bushe.
- Shirya marinade: matsi ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami daga lemun tsami a gauraya da soya miya. Toara masa lemon zest, yankakken albasa, kayan yaji, mai da gishiri. Muna haxa komai.
- Daga naman naman kifin mashin, muna fitar da kasusuwa, cire kan konkoma karãtunsa, kuma mun yanke fillet a cikin ƙananan matsakaici don a sa su a kan skewers.
- Yanke barkono kararrawa a cikin kananan murabba'ai, albasa - zobba.
- Zuba kifin kirim ɗin tare da marinade da aka shirya, haɗa komai kuma sai a bar marin ɗin da fillet. Bar kifi a cikin marinade na minti 60. Preheat tanda zuwa 230 ° C.
- Mun sanya guda na kifi a kan skewers, muna canza su da guda na barkono kararrawa da albasa zobba.
- Mun sanya barbecue a kan fom ko takardar burodi, babban abin magana shi ne cewa kayan aikin ba sa haɗuwa da su. An aika zuwa tanda.
- A kan aiwatar da dafaffun yatsun, sai mu juya domin naman ya daskare shi ta kowane bangare daidai. Bayan rabin sa'a muna samun kebab daga chum.
Chum salmon man liƙa
Za a buƙaci samfuran masu zuwa:
- kirkin salmon hanta - 500 g,
- albasa - 1 pc.,
- karas - 2 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- man kayan lambu don soya kayan lambu,
- man shanu - 150 g,
- gishiri - a hankali na uwar gida.
- Muna shafa hanta, cire fim daga gare ta, rabu da kanjila. Bayan haka, raba shi a kananan guda.
- Mun sanya wuta a cikin matsakaici wuta mai kwanon rufi tare da man kayan lambu da zafi sosai.
- A cikin mai mai zafi ya baza guda na hanta ya soya su a wuta mai girma a garesu. Yana da kyawawa cewa ɓawon burodi ya bayyana.
- Yanke karas cikin yanka. Mun yanyanka albasa.
- A cikin kwanon soya tare da hanta, ƙara yanki na man shanu da kayan dafaffen kayan lambu. Pepper, idan kuna so, da gishiri. Rufe tasa tare da murfi da simmer na kimanin minti 20.
- Lokacin duk abin da aka shirya, cire kwanon rufi daga wuta kuma bar sanyi. Muna yada samfuran stewed a cikin blender da sara. Zaka iya amfani da hadawa ko kayan abinci na nama.
- Muna yada manna a cikin kwano kuma muna shirya sandwiches.
Shin yana yiwuwa a ci ɗanɗanar salmon mai ƙanshi
Tabbas, ba ya da kyau a ci ɗanyen kifi, ba tare da la’akari da inda ya rayu da abin da ya ci ba. Mutanen arewa suna shirya gasasshen kifin mai, i.e. suna fallasa nama ga abin da ake kira “shock”, wanda duk microbes suke mutuwa.
Keta mutum ne mai ruwa, kuma a cikin ruwan gishiri, kamar yadda ka sani, babu wasu ƙwayoyin cuta da cutarwa. Ba sa rayuwa a ciki. Amma ya fi kyau a zauna lafiya a kwashe kifin a cikin awanni biyu kafin a ci abinci. Girke-girke mai sauki ne: haɗu da ruwa tare da ruwan lemun tsami da ruwan lemun tsami, gishiri da kuma sanya kifin a ciki na tsawon awanni 2.
Bayanan Ban sha'awa
- Mata daga ƙwai na kifi salmon suna shirya masks masu tsufa. Amma ya kamata ku san cewa zaku iya dafa masks kawai daga caviar sabo, ba tare da ƙara kayan yaji da gishiri ba. Zai fi kyau kada a yi amfani da kifin da aka sayo cikin manyan kantunan don wannan.
- Idan kuna shirin wani taron rudani, sai a yi amfani da chum don baƙi ko kuma a dafa kifin da kanka. Thiamine a cikin nama an san shi don taimakawa rage cutarwa da barasa da taba a jiki.
«Muhimmi: Duk bayanan da ke shafin an bada su ne saboda dalilai na bayanai kawai. Kafin amfani da duk wani shawarwari, nemi shawara tare da gwani. Babu masu gyara ko marubutan ba su da alhakin duk wata illa da kayan suka haifar. ”
Chum salmon rayuwa
Salmon spain yana faruwa a cikin kogin a zazzabi na +3 .. + 5 ℃. Hatching larvae yana watanni 3. Lokacin bazara na farko, ƙananan yara suna zaune a yankuna na gabar teku, sannan ku shiga cikin ƙasa. A nan ta hau tafiya, cikin shekaru 3 - 4 ta hau zuwa matakin “mating” sannan ta tafi kogin haihuwarta don tsinke. A cikin duka, kifin kifi yana gudana daga 2000 zuwa 4000 km.
Ana rarrabe rukunan salmon guda biyu a lokacin shiga cikin koguna:
- bazara - daga Yuli zuwa Satumba,
- Autumn - daga Satumba zuwa Nuwamba.
Pearancin kaka na da girma kuma sun fi ƙarfin lokacin bazara. Yawan haihuwa a lokacin girkin kifin chiram na kaka ya kai ƙwai 44,000, lokacin salmon na lokacin bazara ya kai 25,000.
Salmon yana jujjuyawa a cikin babban rafi na koguna da ƙasa mai kyau na ƙeƙasasshiyar ƙasa. Matar ta jefa qwai a cikin ramin kuma ta rufe shi da kyanwa. Girman ɗigon ɗigon ruwan zai iya isa mita 2.5 a tsayinsa da 2 m in faɗi. Namiji a wannan lokacin yana kare ƙwai daga masu lalata.
Bayan tsallakewa, uwar mace da namiji sun mutu a cikin kogi a cikin kwanaki 10, suna zama abinci don soya.
Hoto da bayanin kifi
Za'a iya raba rayuwar rayuwar salmon a cikin jihohi 2: na yara da matane. A kowane mataki, jan kifi yana canza kamanni, halayya da kaddarorin amfani.
Yaron kowane an rufe shi da ƙima mai nauyin kuzari, wanda ya karɓi sunan barkwanci "azurfafish". Kifi na rayayye farauta, yana tara mai, yana ɗaukar nauyin kilogiram 4-6, yana girma zuwa 70 cm.
"Kayan Aure" suna canza bayanin kifin chum, kamar yadda aka gani a hoto, an lullube shi da shuɗi. Sikeli na "azumatacciyar kifi" tayi murfi da launin ruwan kasa Shugaban yana juyawa. An ja jaws, mai lanƙwasa, fanbuka suka bayyana. Masunta na gida suna kiran kifin kifi "catfish".
Salmon ya zama mai rikici, yana tattarawa cikin garken kuma ya hau zuwa ga kewayen. Daga wannan lokacin, '' kifin kifi '' ya daina farautarsa kuma ya ci ajiyar kitsensa. Naman ya haskaka.
Bayan tsallakewa, da sikirin nau'in kifin mashin din ya zama baki. Abubuwan da ke cikin jikin kifayen ƙwayar kifin. Daga ci, kifin ya mutu.
Fa'idodin salmon kabeji ga jiki
An nuna darajar abinci mai gina jiki da kayan sunadarai na jan kifi a cikin tebur.
Adadin a cikin samfurin da 100 g
Kashi dari na shawarar yau da kullun,%
Darajar kuzari, kcal
Bitamin B:
Salmon kifi yana da wadataccen furotin, mai arziki a cikin kitse mai guba, bitamin da ma'adanai. Naman naman gwal ya narke sosai.
Yin amfani da jan kifi a gram 130 sau 3 a mako yana inganta yanayin jikin:
- Atsaci mai ƙoshin jini yana tsarkake tasoshin jini da ƙananan karfin jini. Hadarin bugun zuciya da bugun jini ya ragu.
- Vitamin B1 yana taimakawa sosai don tunawa da kyau, yana haɓaka hankali da tunani.
- Godiya ga bitamin B, rigakafi yana inganta kuma ana aiwatar da matakan metabolism.
- Vitamin D yana hana haɓakar cututtukan fuka, cutar kuturta, nono da ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa. Yana sarrafa matakin glucose a cikin jini.
- Vitamin E da omega suna shafar wrinkles, sabunta fata.
- Iodine yana karfafa aikin kwakwalwa. Theara haɓaka da bangon jijiyoyin jini. Inganta yanayin fatar, gashi, kusoshi.
Salmon yana rage damuwa a jiki, yana inganta aiki. An bada shawarar nama na Beta ga yara, tsofaffi, masu juna biyu da kuma masu shayarwa.
Amfanin keta caviar
Kettle caviar da madara ba su da ƙima fiye da nama. Abubuwan da ke cikin kalori na caviar shine 250 kcal. Manyan ƙwai - 7 mm a diamita, orange. Caviar narke a cikin bakin, da iska ya ji.
Ana amfani da caviar caviar da madara a cikin cosmetology, samun farin ciki da anti-tsufa sakamako.
M labarai
Maza sun fi mata yawa: farantin abinci daga gare su yana jujjuyawa, m, da sinadirai. Keto nama yana salted, kyafaffen, stewed ko gasa. A cikin masana'antar masana'antu, gwangwani naman gwangwani ne. Saboda yawan ruwa mai ruwa, ba a ba da shawarar a soya shi: naman ya bushe.
Kunnuwa mai lafiya da lafiya tare da cream ana samun su ne daga keto fillet. Pre nama. Daga cikin kayan, dankalin turawa da aka yanyanka, karas, seleri sun dace.
Adana sabo "azurfa" a cikin firiji don ba fiye da rana guda. A -18 ℃, jan kifi yana riƙe da abubuwan gina jiki na tsawon watanni 3. Kuna buƙatar fitar da gawa ta a hankali, ba tare da amfani da obin na lantarki ba. In ba haka ba, tsarin naman zai rushe, kuma dandano zai lalace.
Cold kyafaffen chum za a iya ci kwana 10. Shan taba sigari yana kiyaye fa'idodin samfurin har zuwa kwanaki 3.
Kifi kifi salmon: fasali
Masanin zai buƙaci ƙware don kama kifin na azurfe ta hanyar jefewa. A cikin ruwan teku, chum na iyo a cikin zurfin 10 m: kamun kifi tare da jirgin ruwa zai tsoratar da ita.
Lokaci mai kyau don kamun kifi ana ɗauka farkon mafarin ɓarna ne na garken kifi na salmon zuwa ga kewayen. Kusa da wurin kare, kifin kifin ya rasa abincinsa da ƙimar dandanorsa, saboda haka irin wannan kamun kifi ba shi da amfani. A kan sikelin masana'antu, ana kama salmon a cikin raga ko hawa.
Masu ƙaunar farin ciki da adrenaline suna kama kifin ja tare da kamun kifi. Keta pecks da sauri kuma ba tsammani. Masanin kifi bazai lura cizo ba, yayin da "kifin kifi" ya bar yadin don mirgine, da sauri ya buɗe mitsi na 100 na igiyar. Masunta suna amfani da sandar kamun kifi na 9 ko na 10 da kuma ƙarar - kwari 10 cm, kwari.
“Kifayen” a cikin koguna ba ya ciyar da su. Koyaya, tana riƙe da shakatawa na kariya. Masunta na gida suna amfani da masu sikeli da injin busa kamar sirt. Kafin kamun kifi, kuna buƙatar bincika kandami, sannan ku ɗauki sandar kamun kifi, kullu da kifin mashin. Misali, an zaɓi dogayen igiyoyi don kamun kifi a kan manyan mutane, amma bai dace da kamun kifi daga jirgin ruwa ba ko kuma a cikin babban itace.
Cmta da hatsarin kifi a abinci
Salmon giyar da ɗanɗana shan ƙamshi yana da lahani ga cututtuka:
- koda da tsarin urogenital,
- ciki
- zukata
- gout.
Babban abun ciki na gishirin nama, caviar da madara yana haifar da riƙe ruwa da fitowar edema. Yi amfani da samfurin a cikin sassan don kada ku cutar da jiki.
Kifayen jan kifi na iya haɗawa da ƙarfe mai cutarwa da samfuran GMO, saboda suna ciyar da kayan wucin gadi.
Maƙeran kifin gwangwani suna amfani da kifin kifin "tare da canje-canje masu banƙyama" lokacin da aka rage fa'idodin keto nama ga mutane. Kamfanoni marasa amfani na iya sanya ragowar kifin wanda ya mutu bayan ya yi barna.
Rashin ingantaccen ajiya yana haifar da canji a cikin sinadaran kayan kifin ja. Saboda haka, amino acid histidine ya juya zuwa histamine, manyan allurai sune suke haifar da guba da rashin lafiyar jiki.
Zaɓin "azurfa" a cikin shagon, kuna buƙatar kulawa da yanayin ajiya, don kada ku cutar da lafiyar ku. Fadowa Sikalin kifayen, kwalayen launin ruwan kasa, idanun gizagizai alamun fari ne. Ya kamata kifin mai daskarewa ya zama mai cikakken rufi da bakin ciki don kare su daga iska.
Farashin kifin ja
Serebryanka samfurin zamani ne. Mashin kifi na kifi na masara yana faruwa a lokacin bazara. Matsakaicin matsakaici a 2019 don gawa mai ƙwayar salmon ta Far Eastern chum shine 450 rubles. kowace kilo. Salmon steak zai biya 490 rubles / kg. Fillet a kan fata - daga 630 rubles / kg. Ana siyar da salty caviar a filastik da gilashin gilashi tare da ƙarar 250 ko 500 a farashin 4250 rubles / kg.
Kammalawa
Gwargwadon masara a cikin Tekun Pacific shine kifin ɗan kifi, mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Kamun kifin na Gabas zai ba da adrenaline da kuma jin daɗin mantawa. Kifi da aka daɗaɗa za'a iya gishiri, stewed, gasa, soyayyen, kyafaffen.
Nama, "Kifi na kifi", kifi da madara suna da dumin furotin, fats mai lafiya, bitamin da ma'adanai. An bada shawarar jan kifi ga yara da manya, amma yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa yakamata a adana kifin chikin yadda yakamata.
Shin kuna da ainihin CATCH CARCH?
Yaushe ne lokacin da kuka taɓa samun mutane da yawa na KYAU pikes / carps / fata?
Koyaushe muna son samun sakamakon daga kamun kifi - don kamawa ba sau uku ba, amma dozin kilogram na kilo - wannan shine kama! Kowannenmu yayi mafarkin wannan, amma ba kowa bane yasan yadda.
Ana iya samun kyakkyawan kama (kuma mun san wannan) godiya ga ƙararrawa mai kyau.
Ana iya shirya shi a gida, zaka iya siyan shagunan kamun kifi. Amma a cikin kantuna yana da tsada, kuma don dafa abinci a gida, kuna buƙatar ciyar da lokaci mai yawa, kuma, daidai yadda ya kamata, nesa da kullun gida yana aiki sosai.
Shin kun san rashin jin daɗin lokacin da kuka sayi koto ko dafa shi a gida kuma kun sami ɓarna uku ko huɗu?
Don haka watakila lokaci ya yi da za ku yi amfani da samfurin aiki sosai, ingancin abin da aka tabbatar da kimiyya da aiwatarwa a cikin koguna da tafkunan Rasha?
Tabbas, ya fi kyau a gwada sau ɗaya fiye da jin sau dubu. Musamman yanzu - kakar kanta! Rage 50% lokacin odar shine babban kyauta!
Mene ne salmon na bazara da kaka?
Ichthyologists sun bambanta manyan yanayi biyu na Oncorhynchus ketare, sun bambanta cikin yanayin rayuwa, yawan haihuwa, yawan girma da girma. Ana jagorantar rawar da aka yi ta tseren kaka, wanda ke zuwa koguna don yin ɓarna a watan Satumba - Nuwamba tare da kayan samfuran jima'i. Tsawon lokacin zai iya ɗaukar makonni 2-4 (har zuwa tsawon kilomita 2). Wannan lokacin ya isa cikakkiyar matattara da ƙwai da madara. Matsakaicin matsakaicin kifin chum na kaka ya kai cm 100-110 tare da nauyin kilogiram 18-19 kuma rakodi ne ga gaba ɗaya. Amma mafi yawan lokuta a cikin kamawa suna kama samfurori na 60-70 cm tare da nauyin kilogram 3-5.
Lokacin haifuwa na tseren bazara ya faɗi daga ƙarshen Yuni zuwa Satumba. Kifi ya riga ya ƙirƙira samfuran haihuwa, saboda haka ba a ci gaba da tafiya mai zurfi ba, amma yana zuwa kusa da bakin. Babban nauyin salmon na bazara shine 6-7 kg. A lokacin kama kifi, mutane da ke da tsayin daka na cm 50-60 (2.5-5).
Ina salmon salim yake?
Saboda rashin daidaituwarsa da tsananin juriya ga yanayin zafi, kifin ya sami nasarar daidaitawa da wasu sassan Arctic da tekun Pacific, inda ya ciyar da mafi yawan rayuwarsa a filin ciyarwa. Keta yana da mafi yawan wurare a tsakanin dukkanin kifin kifin na Pacific, amma ya fi zama ruwan tekun Laptev da Bosphorus, Alaska Bay, Gabas ta Gabas, Chukchi, Okhotsk, Barents Seas.
A yankuna guda, kifayen suna yin ƙaura zuwa koguna na tsibirin Kuril, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Yakutia, Yankin Magadan, Primorsky Territory, Kanada, Amurka, Japan da Koriya ta Kudu. A Rasha, koran kifi na chum a kai a kai yana ziyartar jikkunan ruwa na Lena, Amur, Yana, Anadyr, Penzhina, Okhota, Polonai na Poronai. Babban yanki don ƙirƙirar salmon na wucin gadi shine Sakhalin Oblast, kuma na halitta shine Kamchatka.
Iri Chum
Ana kwatanta salmon ta hanyar ambaton ƙauna (komawa zuwa ainihin wurin haihuwa). Keta koyaushe yana ƙaura don kiwo a cikin kogin, inda ya fito daga caviar, kuma yayi ƙoƙarin neman ƙasa mai baƙuwar ƙasa.Wannan fasalin kwayar halittar ta ba wa masana kimiyyar dabi'a damar rarraba nau'ikan cikin nau'ikan guda biyu masu zaman kansu - Arewacin Amurka da Asiya, waɗanda ba sa ma'amala da yanki.
Asalin tsibirin Asiya yana zaune kuma yana yin barna a Rasha. Dangane da ƙididdigar samfurori na ƙimar haɓaka da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin halitta, masana kimiyya sun sami damar gano yawancin adadin yanki na salim ɗin Asiya na Asiya:
- Tekun Okhotsk - kudu da arewa maso gabas na Sakhalin,
- Kudancin - Primorye, Kunashir, Iturup,
- Amur - Amgun, Ussuri, Zeya, Bikin, arewaci na Tatar Strait,
- Sakhalin - Sakhalin-kudu maso yamma,
- arewa - Kamchatka, Chukotka.
Dukkan nau'ikan nau'ikan suna da kama sosai a bayyanar kuma sun kasu kashi biyu zuwa ranakun rani da damuna. Banda shine salmon china na Sakhalin, wanda aka yi amfani dashi azaman kayan kiwo kuma yana da banbancin waje a cikin sautunan launin shuɗi.
Rayuwar Chum da abinci mai gina jiki
Ba kamar yawancin nau'in ƙaura ba, kifin mashin na Pacific ba ya kasance a cikin koguna na shekaru da yawa don samun girma da girma zuwa girma mai girma ga teku. Nan da nan bayan barin gida, garken kifi na kifi na matasa suna fara zama a hankali a hankali. Bayan sun shiga cikin teku, suna cikin yankin tsibirin, suna ɗaukar wuraren da ke keɓe da wadataccen abinci a rayuwa. Ciyarwar farko tana ɗaukar watanni 6-10. Samun nauyin yau da kullun shine 3-3.5% na jimlar nauyin mutum.
Bayan ya kai girman 30-40 cm, kifin ya shiga ƙaura zuwa abinci wanda zai iya wucewa daga shekaru 3 zuwa 10. Don haka, kifin mashin kirim yana rayuwa kusan dukkanin rayuwarsa a cikin ruwan gishiri a kusa da bakin tekun.
A cikin teku, kifin kifi yana cin kwayoyin halittar biotic, mollusks na fuka-fuki, ɓawon burodi, ƙwarya, da sauran kifayen. Yayin da tsintsiyar ke tsiro, tana canzawa zuwa yanayin rayuwa, wanda aka fi so don farauta don farawan kwaro, herring, smelt, kananan daskararru, kifin, squid, sardines, da gobies. Mafi karancin lokacin ciyarwa a teku shine shekaru 3.
Chum spawning
Balaga na jima'i da kifin salmon yana faruwa ne a cikin shekaru 3-7. Wakilan ƙarami, tseren bazara sune farkon waɗanda ke shirye don kiwo. Yawancin mata masu tsalle suna shekaru uku da haihuwa ko sama da haka (kusan kashi 80%). Ragowar 15-17% sun fada ne a shekaru 4- da 5. Abubuwan ba da fatawa ga mutane waɗanda ke da shekaru 6 ko 7 ba wuya. A cikin kaka, yawancin dabbobin da ke tserewa yara ne 'yan shekara huɗu.
Tsarin bazara na kifi a cikin Yuni - Agusta a gangar ruwa dumama har zuwa + 12-14С. Autumn - a watan Satumba - Nuwamba a wani zazzabi na yanayi (+ 3-8C) Don filayen za a zaɓi wuraren mara zurfin da ke da zurfin mita 0.2-1.5 tare da matsakaici (0.1-1.0 m / s) da ƙasa mai sako (ƙwaƙwalwa, lebba, tsakuwa).
Bayan samun wurin da ya dace, mace za ta fara ba da gida. Da farko, da wutsiya mai ƙarfi ke busawa, ta share wani ɓangaren ɓoye na 1.5-3.0x1.0-2.5 a girma sannan sai ta fasa doguwar ruwa mai zurfi 15-50 cm zurfi, a cikin ta tana ɗaukar kusan manyan ƙwai dubu 4-6 a diamita kuma tana yin nauyi 180- 300 MG Bayan haduwar da mason ya yiwa mahaifa, mahaifiyar a hankali ta binne ta a cikin kasa, tana haifarda tarin fuka. A cikin kwanaki 3-7 kacal, mace daya zata iya ba da sheƙai 2-3 a filaye daban-daban, wanda ke haɓaka damar haɓakar haihuwa.
Bayan tsallakewa, duk salmon ya mutu a sati 1-3. Wannan lokacin ya isa chum don barin filayen ɓarna, watsar da ƙasa kuma kada ku tsokani masifa a cikin ƙananan sassan kogin.
Lokacin shiryawa masonry yakanyi kwanaki 120-150. Amfrayo da ke fitowa daga ƙwai suna da ƙwayar gwaiduwa mai ƙarfi, wanda ke taimaka musu haɓaka haɓaka ba tare da barin kariyar tudu ba. Farkon ficewa daga cikin ƙarfi larvae larvae fadi a watan Afrilu da zai ci gaba har Yuli. Wani karamin soya (iyo) ana ruga shi cikin garken kuma yana ɓoye cikin ciyayi na bakin teku, a cikin ramuka, tsakanin duwatsu. Tashin hankali mai kamun kafa na 10-14 ratsi mararraba yana taimakawa kubuta daga mafarauta.
Bayan watanni 1-2, kwayayen ciyawa ya kai tsawon cm 6 kuma an aika shi don ciyarwa a cikin teku.A wannan lokacin, soya yana bayyana a cikin soya, jiki yana faɗaɗa kuma yana ɗaukar sifofin da suka saba da jinsin, an sake gina jikin don rayuwa a cikin ruwan gishiri.
Kifi kifi salmon ja - kifi mai amfani
Abubuwan salmon suna taɓar da hanyoyin haɓaka, ƙarfafa rigakafi, hana tsufa da cututtuka na tsarin zuciya. Red nama na mashin chum yana da ƙananan adadin kuzari a kowane nau'i. A cikin gram 100 na kayan masarufi, kilogiram 128 kawai. Haka yake darajar darajar kuzari shine halayyar salted, wani daskararre ko dafaffen kifi. Harshen kifi salmon mai soyayyen ya ƙunshi fiye da 200 kcal / 100 g, saboda haka, masana harkar abinci suna ɗaukar abinci tare da adadin kuzari matsakaici.
Wani irin kifin
Ana kiran Ketu salmon mai giftawa ko kifin azurfi. Wani tsokar wucin gadi mai tsufa yana kama da torpedo. Shugaban yana conical, tare da fadi da baki, haɓakar hakora. Tsawon manya ya kai 110 cm, nauyi - har zuwa 15 kg. Suna ciyar da fuka-fukan fuka-fukan, ɓawon burodi, da soya.
A yayin yawon shakatawa, sai cikin hankali suka yi kaura zuwa wadancan kogunan da su kansu kansu ke toka daga qwai. Saboda wannan fasalin, ana raba kifin mashin china a cikin Asiya da Arewacin Amurka.
Asiya a Rasha. Yana faruwa:
- kudu (Iturup, Primorye),
- Arewa (Chukotka, Kamchatka),
- Amur (Bikin, Ussuri),
- Tekun Okhotsk (arewa maso gabas, kudu maso gabashin Sakhalin),
- Sakhalin (sashen kudu maso yamma na Sakhalin).
Ya danganta da yanayin yanayin tsalle-tsalle, ana bambanta lokacin rani da damina lokacin girkin masara. Mutane daban-daban masu kiwo a lokacin bazara ba su wuce 60 cm ba.
Salmon kifi na Sakhalin, wanda ke gudana cikin kiwo, ya sha bamban. An yi girma a kan gonaki na musamman. Siffar kifi na fentin a cikin sautunan launin-kore.
Kifi
A cikin bakin teku, kifin mashin chum ya kasance yana rayuwa sosai a cikin ruwa - ba kasafai yake faduwa kasa da 50. Tsarin mazaunin al'ada shine 13 m daga farfajiya yayin rana da 5 a dare. Rabin duniya yana kamuwa da masunta a China kuma kusan kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu ga Rasha da Amurka bi da bi. Kasuwancin masana'antu na kifin mashin daji a shekarar 2019 (kamar Satumbar) a Alaska ya kai adadin 17,186,000.
Ana amfani da kifin Chum a matsayin ɗan ƙimar kasuwanci mai mahimmanci ga duk nau'in kifi. Naman da aka samo daga gare shi fari ne, ruwan hoda ko shuɗi, mai kauri. Yana da haske sosai a launi kuma ba mai kamshi kamar sauran nau'in halitta ba. Ana sayar da shi sabo ne, mai sanyi, bushe, gishiri, giya ko gwangwani. Amma game da kamun kifi, sukan ciyar da ita a bakin - inda koguna suna gudana cikin teku, a ƙarshen kaka. An yi imani da cewa kifin kifin kifin kifi yana da wahala matuƙar saboda kifin.
Abubuwan sunadarai da abun da ke cikin kalori
Keta yana da dandano mai laushi. An san naman ta ne ta hanyar sinadarin karancin abinci mai yawa, mai yawa na omega-3 mai kitse, niacin, Vitamin B12 da selenium. Ya kan sayarwa sabo ne da daskararre, amma kuma ana iya samunsa ta hanyar gwangwani ko kyafaffen siga. Naman sa ruwan hoda, ya sha bamban da kifi. Bambanci ana iya sani kawai a wuri mai sihiri a gaban wutsiya. A cikin kifin salmon, canjin wutsiya zuwa cikin fitsarin caudal yana da kauri.
Ya ƙunshi (a cikin 100 na samfurin g):
- kalori: 120 kcal,
- mai: 4 g
- cholesterol: 4 MG
- sodium: 50 MG
- carbohydrates: 0 g,
- furotin: 20 g
- Omega-3 acid: 0.7 g.
An bada shawarar kifi ga yara daga shekaru 4 da manya.
Amfanin nama da caviar chum salmon ga jiki
Gwanin masara na Chum shine ɗayan mahimmancin abinci mai gina jiki. Yana da arziki a cikin furotin, bitamin B12, selenium da lafiya mai mai. Latterarshe na da mahimmanci don kula da lafiya idanu, kwakwalwa da zuciya. Kifi yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka da haɓaka kwakwalwa a cikin jarirai kuma yana da matukar amfani idan aka ci abinci yayin daukar ciki. A cikin cikakkun bayanai, an gabatar da ma'adinin da bitamin na kifin a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa. Ana ba da bayanai ta 100 g na samfurin.
Suna | % na farashin yau da kullun | Weight (mg) |
Bitamin | ||
Fada | 7,5 | 30 mcg |
Niacin | 53 | 8,4 |
Pyridoxine | 31 | 0,4 |
Riboflavin | 19 | 0,11 |
Thiamine | 4,5 | 0,05 |
Vitamin A | 15 | 453 IU |
Vitamin C | 6,5 | 4 |
Vitamin D | 131,5 | 526 |
Vitamin E | 7 | 1,22 |
Lantarki | ||
Sodium | 3 | 47 |
Potassium | 8 | 392 |
Ma'adanai | ||
Kashi | 2,6 | 26 |
Iron | 3 | 0,25 |
Magnesium | 24 | 95 |
Phosphorus | 41 | 289 |
Zinc | 4 | 0,44 |
- Amma game da kyawawan kaddarorin naman wannan kifin, masanan abinci sun ambata abubuwa masu zuwa fiye da sauran:
- rage yawan tashin zuciya yayin daukar ciki,
- cire wuce haddi mai narkewa daga jiki, gami da tattarawa cikin abin da ke cikin sel,
- hana samuwar ƙwayoyin kansa,
- kiyaye fata mai laushi
- tsarin inganta narkewa,
- cike jiki da kuzari,
- ragewan sukari na jini
- hana hasara gashi
- haɓakar kwakwalwa a cikin yara,
- neutralization na daban-daban mai kumburi tafiyar matakai,
- rigakafin bugun jini da cuta na jijiyoyin jiki,
- rigakafin cututtukan kasusuwa da hakori.
Cin abincin teku yana taimakawa rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya, inganta aikin kwakwalwa da tallafawa ingantaccen nauyin jikin mutum. An ba da shawarar naman naman kifi da sauran kifin sau biyu a mako don biyan bukatun jikin mutum don mahimman kitse mai guba, sunadarai, ma'adanai da kuma bitamin mai narkewa.
Chum salmon caviar ana fentin shi a cikin launi mai laushi mai haske saboda kyakkyawan maganin antioxidant astaxanthin. Yana ƙaruwa da juriya na fata zuwa ga ultraviolet kuma yana shiga cikin ayyukan oxidative. Caviar yana da wadataccen furotin, furotin Omega-3 da Vitamin D.
100 g ya ƙunshi:
- 250 kcal
- 14 g mai
- 29 g furotin
- 3 g na carbohydrates.
Wannan ingantaccen furotin ne mai mahimmanci, wanda ya isa ga ɗan wasa da kuma mutanen da ke jagorantar rayuwa mai kyau.
Ku ɗanɗani da aikace-aikace a dafa abinci
A hankali, kifin kifi yana da karancin mai fiye da sauran irin kifin kifin na kifi, domin ya sami ɗanɗano mafi ƙoshin mai daɗi, alhali ba asarar acid da sauran abubuwan ganowa ba, irin su selenium da niacin. Sakamakon ƙarancin mai mai daɗin ɗanɗano, ya dace wa waɗanda ba sa son ƙanshin da aka fi so da sauran kifin. A lokaci guda, kifin mashin chum yana da daɗin isa neman aikace-aikace a girke-girke iri-iri na dafuwa.
Bayanin martaba na kifi salmon:
- nama: haske mai ruwan hoda ko lemo mai haske,
- irin zane: mai yawa, danshi fiye da kifi,
- dandano: laushi
- aikace-aikacen: za a iya gasa, gasa, a gasa shi mai zurfi,
- raba fillet: 70% na nauyin kifin,
- don kamawa: daga Yuli zuwa Nuwamba.
Siffofin mai amfani
Sakamakon kogin ruwa, ana yin kuskuren la'akari da kifin Pacific Amma ba a same shi a cikin koguna ba. Salmon kifi shine kifin marine mai tsada, yana da kaddarorin da suke da amfani ga mutane. Naman sa yana da ɗumbin abinci mai ɗumbin yawa, yawan cin abinci na yau da kullun yana ba ku damar juyar da ajiyar su, don guje wa hypovitaminosis.
Menene fa'idar chum na amfanin amfani da shi:
- Yana tsafta, yana mayar da sel da aka lalata.
- Yana tsaftace hanyoyin jini. Cire mummunan cholesterol yana daidaita karfin jini, yana hana atherosclerosis, cututtukan zuciya na ischemic.
- Yana da tasirin anti-mai kumburi.
- Yana inganta saurin warkewa bayan tiyata ko cututtukan da suka gabata.
- Sake yin amfani da kuzarin da aka kashe yayin damuwa ta jiki da ta kwakwalwa.
- Yana hanzarta aiwatar da tunani, yana hana hana fahimtar ayyuka ta hanyar cutar Alzheimer, bayan tazarar kwakwalwa.
- Yana hana ci gaban fitowar farko, yana rage jinkirin tsufa.
- Yana magance tasirin mai guba a gabobin ciki daga shan taba sigari da barasa.
- Kasancewa a cikin ayyukan hematopoietic, yana karfafa samar da sel.
- Yana ƙarfafa ƙwayar zuciya, yana daidaita ƙimar zuciya.
- Yana yaƙi da rikice-rikice a cikin glandon thyroid wanda ya haifar da rashi iodine.
- Resistanceara yawan juriya ga ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙarfafa rigakafi.
- Normalizes barci, sauƙaƙe tashin hankali lalacewa ta hanyar damuwa.
- Inganta yanayin tunanin mutum, yana hana ci gaban ciki da rashin kulawa.
- Tasiri mai tasiri akan tafiyar matakai na rayuwa.
- Yana hana raguwar dangantaka da tsufa a cikin hangen nesa, yana kula da yanayin sa, yana sauƙaƙa gajiyawar ido.
- Strearfafa tsarin ƙwayar tsoka, yana hana haɓakar osteoporosis, lalacewa na enamel.
- Yana da kaddarorin antitumor saboda yawan abubuwan da ke tattare da maganin antioxidants.
- Sautin fata kodayaushe, yana dawo da elasticity, yana inganta haɓaka gashi.
Contraindications da yiwu cutar
Akwai wasu dalilai da yawa wanda salmon kabeji baya da amfani kawai, har ma yana cutar da lafiyar:
- rashin haɓakar furotin,
- rashin lafiyan abincin teku
- m pancreatitis
- ciwan ciki,
- gout.
Kamar kowane kifi mai launin ja, kifin chum ba shi da lahani a matsakaici amma idan babu ƙwayoyin cuta.
Ciki da lactating
A lokacin daukar ciki, kifin ja yana da amfani musamman, kusanci baya sha da Mercury daga jikin ruwa, saboda haka ba haɗari bane. Ma'adanai a cikin abun da ke ciki suna da tasiri a cikin tunanin kwakwalwa na mahaifiyar mai jira, kuma suna shiga cikin samuwar kasusuwa, jijiyoyin tsoka, da kwakwalwar tayi.
Don hana wuce kima a cikin jariri, yakamata a ci kifi na azurfa ba sau 3 a mako don 100-130 g. Yin amfani da tsari na tsari ya hana haɓaka ƙwayar cuta a cikin jariri a cikin mahaifar, da kuma a cikin jariri yayin shayarwa.
Amfanin da cutarwa na cututtuka
Tare da hauhawar jini, osteoporosis, ciwon sukari, keta yana da tasirin warkewa, amma tare da wasu cututtuka yana iya cutar.
Kwayar cutar cututtukan fata (Pancreatitis) cuta ce mai saurin cutar kansa. Cutar na buƙatar tsauraran matakan rage cin abinci. An cire abinci mai nauyi, mai mai kauri daga abincin. Chum ana ɗauka kifi ne mai matsakaici mai kifi, amma bai dace da tsarin abinci ba.
Bayan raguwa a cikin ƙaruwa, an ba shi izinin cin 50-70 g na steamed fillet sau 2 a mako.
Cutar gastritis kumburi ce ta mucous membrane na ciki. Idan akwai cuta, to ya zama dole ku ci abinci mai furotin don rage nauyi a jikin da abin ya shafa. Abubuwan da ke da mai, mai yawan calorie an hana su.
A cikin mummunan cutar ta cutar, ba za ku iya cin kifi ba; cikin yin istigfari, zaku iya amfani da daskararren turmi ko tururi a cikin adadi kaɗan.
Tare da take hakkin uric acid metabolism, an lalata gidajen abinci, kuma gout ya haɓaka. Cutar ta ƙunshi cikakkiyar warƙar dabba da abinci a cikin uric acid. Abincin don gout kada ya hada da jan kifi a kowane nau'i.
Shawarwarin abinci don asarar nauyi
Lokacin rasa nauyi, ba a ba da shawarar shaye jiki da tsauraran abinci. Don asarar nauyi mai tsari, masana suna ba da shawara su ci abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya.
Ana amfani da Keta a matsayin ƙarancin kalori, ba ya ƙunshi carbohydrates kuma yana cika jiki tare da furotin da yake bukata. Domin fata ba ya yin sag kuma ya zama flabby tare da asarar kilo, kuna buƙatar haɗa abinci mai kyau tare da motsa jiki.
Darajar abinci mai gina jiki da abun da ke cikin kalori
100 g of kifi kirkin sabo ya ƙunshi 127 kcal.
Darajar makamashi (BJU) a kowace 100 g:
- carbohydrates - 0 g
- furotin - 19 g
- mai - 5.6 g
- ash - 1.2 g
- ruwa - 74,2 g
- cholesterol - 80 MG.
Sakamakon furotin mai sauƙin narkewa, mutum yana saurin cika kansa kuma ya daina jin yunwar.
Fillet ya ƙunshi mayukan kitse mai mahimmanci, har ma da mahimman ƙwayoyin ma'adinai da bitamin:
- phosphorus da chlorine,
- potassium da sulfur
- aidin da sodium
- magnesium da molybdenum,
- alli da nickel
- fluorine da cobalt,
- chromium da manganese,
- jan ƙarfe, baƙin ƙarfe, zinc,
- H (biotin),
- D (karairayi)
- B1 (tsintsin),
- B2 (riboflavin),
- B5 (pantothenate),
- B6 (Pyridoxine),
- B9 (folic acid),
- B12 (cyanocobalamin),
- PP (kwatankwacin niacin),
- E (tocopherol),
- C (ascorbic acid).
Kyafaffen, masarar mashin-rana-rana
Ana amfani da kifin ruwan tekun Pacific wanda aka bushe da rana a matsayin mai daɗi kuma zai iya yin ado kowane tebur.
Don jan kifi, duka shan taba mai zafi da sanyi sun dace. A gida, yana da sauqi sauƙaƙe dafa ɗanɗano na shan ƙamshi mai zafi.
Kayan Dabaru:
- Yi amfani da kifi wanda aka kamo shi; gawawwakin sanyi ba shi da kyau.
- Koyaushe ƙara man zaitun da ruwan lemun tsami a cikin marinade.
- Sha da dukkan kifin ta hanyar cire ruwan da kuma sanya ganyen bay a wurin su.
- Karku sanya yawancin kayan ƙanshi iri-iri, don kada ku katse dandano.
- Kirim mai tsami ko mai daɗin ɗanɗano ya dace don bauta.
Kwatanta tare da sauran kifayen
A tsakanin masoya abincin teku, akwai mahawara game da ko duk kifin ja suna daidai da lafiya kuma sun dace da abinci. Yi la'akari da manyan kamanceceniya da bambance-bambance.
Bambancin kifi | Kalori ta 100 g | BZHU akan 100 g |
Chum | 127 kcal | 19/5,6/0 |
Mon salmon ruwan hoda | 152 kcal | 25/5/0 |
Kifi | 190,3 kcal | 20,8/11,3/0,3 |
Tafiya | 152.44 kcal | 20,3/4,6/0,04 |
Karancin sallan | 208 kcal | 20/13/0 |
Yadda zaka zabi kuma adanawa
Mai siye da ba shi da ilimi yakan ɗauki salmon mai rahusa ga mashin chum. Don kada a yaudare, lokacin zabar, kula da abubuwan da ke gaba:
- Dukkanin salmon na yankin Pacific wanda ke kan siyarwa yana da nauyi daga 3 zuwa 7 kg, yayin da nauyin kifin ruwan hoda ya bambanta daga 700 g zuwa 2.5 kilogiram.
- Kasancewar hump a baya yana nuna cewa kuna da kifin ruwan hoda.
- Idan an yanke kifin a cikin steaks, ya kamata ku kula da launi da naman. A kifi salmon yana da ruwan hoda mai haske, a kifin ruwan hoda ruwan hoda ne.
Sayi samfurin inganci kawai. Freshness ne mai sauki a kafa:
- Ta hanyar ƙanshi. Kamshin ya kamata ya zama haske, ba nausayawa ba.
- Zuwa ga tabawa. Fatar ta bushe, ba tare da kwararan jini ba, ba a rufe da gamsai.
- Ta hanyar roba. Lokacin da aka matse jikin, babu hakoran hagu, an sake dawo da tsari da sauri.
- A idanun. Ya kamata su kasance masu ma'ana da haske.
Abin da samfurori an haɗe shi
Ana sauƙaƙar ƙwayar salmon na yankin Pacific, ba ta sa ciki tayi nauyi. Don hana wannan daga faruwa kwatsam, ya kamata ku ci naman kifin ja daidai, hada shi kawai tare da abinci masu dacewa.
Da kyau | Ghee, whey, ganye, kabeji, karas, beets, pickles, kayan lambu kore |
Mai inganci | Rice, buckwheat, lemun tsami, quinoa, tumatir, man shanu, man kayan lambu, kabewa, eggplant, zucchini |
talauci | Nama, kaji, qwai, namomin kaza, kirim, kirim, kirim mai tsami, man alade, kwayoyi, dankali, kayan kiwo, cuku, feta cuku, alkama, gyada, oat, burodi, gyada, kaji, wake, wake, wake, lemun, |
Abubuwan dafa abinci
Domin kada ya washe samfurin kuma shirya mashin kifi mashin, yayi amfani da shawarwarinmu:
- Keta ba kifi mai kiba bane, don haka lokacin da ta soya shi sai ya rasa ruwan ɗinsa sannan ya zama bushewa. Don adana danshi, yi amfani da batter. Hanya mafi kyau don dafa abinci ita ce dafa abinci.
- Marinate kifin ba a cikin mintina 15 kafin dafa abinci. Mafi kyawun tsintsiya shine man zaitun tare da thyme, Rosemary da ruwan lemun tsami. Kirim mai tsami zai lalata dandano.
- Don hana fillet daga fashewa, riƙe shi tsawon minti 4-5 a cikin brine a cikin adadin 2 tsp. gishiri a cikin 500 ml na ruwa, bushe tare da tawul takarda.
- Warin kamshin kifi da aka ambata yana magance dankali da aka sanya a cikin kwanon rufi ko a takardar yin burodi kusa da chum.
- Don tsabtace gawa na sikeli da peels, zuba tafasasshen ruwa a kansa kuma ku rage shi na tsawon mintuna 3 cikin ruwa mai ruwan ɗumi a cikin 3 tbsp. vinegar da lita 1 na ruwa.
- Cire kifi a zazzabi a daki ba tare da sanya shi a cikin ruwan dumi ko amfani da obin na lantarki ba. Don haka za a kiyaye dandano.
M, rare girke-girke
Mun bayar da shirya jita-jita kifi wanda ya dace da kullun da tebur na abinci.
Steamed Chum Steak
Don dafa abinci, muna amfani da injin dako biyu ko mai saurin dafa abinci, amma kwanon da aka saba da na musamman da ramuka a ƙasa don hurawa zai yi.
Sinadaran:
- Salmon salmon steaks - 4 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- wake kore - 200 g,
- karas - 1 pc.,
- tsintsiya - 100 g
- lemun tsami - 1 pc.,
- gishiri, barkono baƙi ku ɗanɗani,
- Rosemary - 1 sprig.
- Gishiri kifi, barkono a ɓangarorin biyu.
- Matsi ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami daga lemun tsami, tsintsiyar steaks.
- Roseara fure da marinate na minti 10.
- Yanke karas cikin cubes, raba broccoli cikin inflorescences.
- A cikin akwati don tururi, yada wake, a saman karas da kifi, kuma tsakanin steaks mun sanya broccoli.
- Dafa don mintina 15-20, yi aiki tare da kwanon shinkafa.
Chum salmon cutlet
Daɗin kifin mai daɗi za su roƙi har ma da yawan abincin da ake nema.
Sinadaran:
- Salmon salmon fillet - 500 g,
- burodin burodin - 150 g,
- madara chum - 2 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- karas - 1 pc.,
- albasa - 2 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- kwai - 1 pc.,
- madara - 150 ml
- tafarnuwa - 2 albasa,
- gari - 2 tbsp.,
- dafa mai don soya,
- gishiri, kayan yaji - dandana.
- Jiƙa burodin burodin a cikin madara minti 10.
- Fin fin Rub da karas, soya a cikin man zaitun.
- Muna wuce naman kifi tare da madara da albasa ta hanyar mai niƙa.
- A cikin kwano mai zurfi, haɗu da shaƙewa, gurasa, karas.
- Sanya kwai, kayan yaji, matsi tafarnuwa ta latsa.
- Beat sakamakon cakuda da blender har sai da santsi.
- Muna zafi kwanon rufi, man shafawa da mai.
- Tare da rigar dabino, muna yin cutlets, yayyafa tare da gari kuma muka yada a cikin kwanon rufi. Kar a rufe, domin kada shagon ya tsaya.
- Fry kan zafi matsakaici har sai launin ruwan kasa.
- Ku bauta wa tare da kayan lambu gefen tasa.
Classic chum salmon a cikin tanda
Roaddamar da hanyar gargajiya ta yin burodin mashin chum a cikin tanda.
Sinadaran:
- Salmon salmon steaks - 5 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- albasa - 3 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- tumatir - 3 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- lemun tsami ruwan 'ya'yan itace - 100 ml,
- man zaitun - 3 tbsp.,
- cuku mai wuya - 200 g
- gishiri, barkono baƙi, thyme, Rosemary.
- A cikin kwano, haɗa man zaitun tare da kayan yaji, ganye, ruwan lemun tsami.
- A saƙa a yanyanka ruwan gishiri da tsami a cikin marinade na mintina 15-20.
- Mun yanyanka albasa a cikin rabin zobba, tumatir a da'irori.
- Preheat tanda zuwa digiri 180.
- Mun sanya kifi a ƙasan form ɗin da zai iya ɗaukar zafi, yayyafa tare da albasa a saman kuma sanya tumatir.
- Rufe tare da tsare, aika zuwa gasa na 35 da minti.
- Minti 10 kafin dafa abinci, cire tsare kuma zub da kwanon cuku a kan kayan lambu.
- Lokacin da saman ya yanke launin ruwan kasa, zamu cire kifi daga tanda.
- Ku bauta wa tare da shinkafa ko a matsayin abinci mai zaman kanta.
Yadda ake gishiri a gida
Don kada kifayen ya zama bushe, zai fi kyau a ɗauki gawawwakin ba a sallame su ba a gida a yanke su da kanka.
Ba duk kayan yaji sun dace da jan kifi ba. Yi amfani da kayan ƙanshi wanda ke inganta dandano samfurin:
- mustard tsaba
- Bay,
- Rosemary,
- goro,
- bushe faski
- kaine,
- caraway,
- cloves
- gaba daya coriander
- peas.
Idan lokacin dafa abinci yana iyakantacce, wannan hanyar salting zata taimaki kowace uwargida.
- fillet - 1 kg,
- sukari - 2 tbsp.,
- gishiri - 2 tbsp.,
- lemun tsami ruwan 'ya'yan itace - 5 tablespoons,
- allspice - 7 inji mai kwakwalwa.,
- bay bay - 2 inji mai kwakwalwa.
- Muna wanke fillet da aka tsabtace daga kasusuwa, a yanka ta tube 0.7-1 cm lokacin farin ciki.
- Haɗa gishiri, sukari, kayan yaji.
- Haɗa guda tare da cakuda sakamakon sannan ku sa a cikin yadudduka a kwano.
- Zuba kowane Layer tare da ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami.
- Rufe tare da farantin karfe, saita latsa kuma bar minti 40 a zazzabi a dakin.
- Muna cire ragowar kayan yaji da gishiri, bauta wa tebur.
- chum - 1 kg,
- man zaitun - 2 tbsp.,
- gishiri - 2 tbsp.,
- sukari - 1 tablespoon,
- tafarnuwa - 3 cloves,
- cloves - 4-5 inji.,
- bay bay - 2 inji mai kwakwalwa.
- Ketu yankan guntu 1.5-2 cm kauri.
- Mun yanyan tafarnuwa cikin yanka, kifi kifin.
- Haɗa sukari da gishiri, Rub kowane yanki.
- M sa a cikin akwati mai zurfi, yayyafa da kayan yaji.
- Zuba man zaitun da murfi tare da murfi ko farantin ƙaramin diamita fiye da tanda da kifi.
- Saita kaya a saman. Kwalban ruwa zai yi.
- Bar don awa 1, sannan cire kaya, haɗa fillet.
- Murfin, aika zuwa firiji don awa 1.5.