Duck wani keken duke ne wanda ya fara girma a Amurka. An bunkasa shi a tsakiyar karni na sha tara kuma shahararren shahararre ne. Sunan mai suna bayan Lake Cayuga, wanda yake a yammacin yankin New York. A cewar Ma'aikatar Dabbobi ta Amurka, an raba waɗannan duwatsun kamar "barazana", kodayake sanannensu yana girma da sauri.

Asalin gani da kwatancin

Hoto: Duck Cayuga

Akwai dogon tarihi na kirkiro irin wannan. An yi imani cewa duck cayuga an bred bisa gicciye tsakanin duck a cikin Black East Indies da kuma duck Rouen. Tsarin duhun kayuga ya fito ne daga wasu duwatsun daji da wani mai mil a cikin County Duchess, New York, wanda ya kama a cikin tafkin niƙa a cikin 1809. Amma wannan rahoton ba gaskiya ba ne a zahiri kuma ainihin rikodin duck ɗin ne daga Gadwall. Ra'ayin tarihi a New York shi ne cewa cayuga ta fito ne daga yawan duwatsun daji a wannan yankin, amma ba a sami tabbataccen hujja ba a lokacinmu don tallafawa hasashe.

Bayyanar fasali da fasali

Hoto: Me duck yayi kama?

Duay Cayuga tsuntsaye ne mai matsakaici Abu ne mai sauki mutum ya fasalta da baki mai baki da kuma rabe-raben baƙi, wanda yake launin kore mai launi iri ɗaya a madaidaicin haske. Mata suna samun fararen fuka-fukai a cikin gashin gashinsu a shekara ta biyu da mai zuwa. Ducks suna da ban mamaki sosai don gani a cikin rana. Kafafu da gwanayen ducks suna launin fari. Yawancin lokaci suna riƙe kansu a tsaye tare da dogon wuya. Suna da idanu masu launin duhu, ducklings na kayuga suna da launin toka. Matsakaicin nauyin jikin drake shine kimanin kilogram 3.6, kuma ducks sunkai kimanin kilo 3.2.

Dalili guda daya na ducks din zai iya zama yana ruwa a ruwa shine saboda kwatancen iska a jikinsu, wanda ke kara hazakarsu. Fuka-fukan tsuntsayen kayug sun harba iska tsakanin su, wanda shine wata na'urar da take taimaka musu iyo. Fuka fuka-fukan su kuma an lullube su da wani abu mai ruwa mara ruwa wanda ke sa duwatsun dumama da bushewa. Feetafan duwatsun da aka lika masu zai basu damar sauƙin ruwa.

Yawancin ducks suna da kyau matuƙan jirgin sama saboda jikunan jikinsu, fikafikansu mai ƙarfi da ƙasusuwa marasa nauyi, waɗanda suke da nauyin ƙasa da ƙasusuwa masu ƙarfi na dabbobi masu shayarwa. Duk da cewa ducks duwatsun kayuga ba sa tashi sosai saboda manya da manyan jikinsu, suna da fuka-fukai masu ƙarfi da ƙasusuwa masu laushi, waɗanda ke halayen sauran ducks.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Ducks duwatsun Kayug basu da hakora, amma suna da gefunan uneven a kan nonon sa na taimaka musu wajen fitar da abinci daga ruwa. Sannan abincin an hadiye shi da ƙasa a ɓangaren ɓangaren ciki, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan duwatsu don lalata abinci.

Yanzu kun san abin da duck yake. Bari mu ga inda wannan tsuntsu ke zaune.

Ina duck cayugu yake zaune?

Hoto: Bird Duck Cayuga

Duck Cayuga shi ne kawai nau'in daskararrun gida wanda ya samo asali a Amurka. Tun farko, wannan nau'in an gasa shi ne a tsaunin New York a cikin 1800s, daga baya duck cayugu ya zama sananne a duk cikin New England. Amma duwatsun kayuga masu launin kore tare da fuka-fukai masu launin shuɗi da shuɗi da aka yi wa ado da manyan duwatsu masu daraja sun rasa shahara a cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata sakamakon kasuwancin kiwon kaji da kuma matsalolin cikin gida.

Duhunan gida na Kayuga na bukatar tsari daga iska da ruwan sama, da samun abinci da ruwa, da kuma shingen da zai iya kiyaye su a sarari. Ducks Kayuga na buƙatar shinge mai ƙarancin ƙarfi kawai saboda ƙarancin ƙarfin iska. A cikin gidan dabbobi, an ajiye kayug a kan wani tafkin da ya mamaye bishiyoyi da bishiyoyin da ke zama mafakarsu.

Duhun Kayuga suna buƙatar ruwa saboda kar a kamu da cuta tare da rigar alƙalami lokacin da glandar tsabtace ta bushe. Hakanan ruwa yana hana su samun kwari, kamar suke, fleas, lice, da sauransu. Duk wani tsuntsayen da ke cikin garken dole ne ya bushe. Dukda cewa duwatsun kayuga basa da alaƙa da wannan kamar sauran tsuntsaye, amma yakamata su sami tsarin da za'a tsara don yaƙi da tsutsotsi. Ba a tsammani ducks na Fed ba yana da matsalolin lafiya.

Me duck yake ci?

Hoto: Cayuga duck a yanayi

Duwatsun daji na Kayuga suna da bambancin abinci iri daban-daban. Kodayake muna tsammanin cewa galibi suna cin ciyawa, tsirrai masu ruwa da kuma sharar laka, kuna iya mamakin sanin wasu abincin da suke ci.

Kasancewa cikin laka a ƙarshen tafkuna da rafuffuka, suna neman abinci masu zuwa:

Suna cin abincin shuka mai yawa:

Saboda dabbobinsu ba a iya hango su ba, duwatsun kayuga sun samo asali ne daga cin abinci iri-iri don tabbatar da lafiya a duk shekara. Duhun Kayuga na iya ɗaukar manyan wuraren ajiyar kitse a ƙarƙashin rufin gashin tsuntsu, wanda zai ciyar da su ta hanyar jigilar yanayi ta mummunan yanayi. Hakanan suna rage tasirin ga abubuwan ta hanyar nemo wurin zama masu kariya, kuma suna da zubar jini na musamman ga kafafu da ƙafa don hana daskarewa.

Ciyar da duwatsun kayug tare da ingantaccen abinci yana da babban tasiri ga yadda suke girma da ci gaba. Rashin ingantaccen abinci da rashin abinci mai gina jiki tabbas suna da illa a gare su. Fewan kaɗan masana'antun ciyarwa ke samar da abincin duck. Kuna iya amfani da abincin kaza a maimakon. Kodayake irin wannan, abincin kaji ba ya wadatar da dukkanin abubuwan da ake buƙata na abincin duwatsun kayug, saboda haka kuna iya buƙatar haɓakawa.

Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa

Hoto: Ducks

Duck yana da ladabi a cikin yanayi kuma yana da kyawawan halaye. Wannan shine ɗayan ducks cikin gida. Suna da sauƙi a hora idan kun sami damar kama shi. Suna da sanyin sanyi da taushi kuma suna iya jure yanayin zafi a arewa maso gabas. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da abinci masu kyau kuma suna karɓar yawancin abincinsu daga ciyarwa, don haka suna da kyau sosai don renon fanni kyauta. Irin wannan ya dace da nama da kwai.

Kayan kyankyawan da aka kiyaye su na iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru fiye da goma, don haka dangantakarku da kuka gina tare zai daɗe. Yayinda suke tsufa cikin farin ciki, cayuga sun fara zama farare tare da kowane molt, sakamakon hakan duck wanda yake kama da inuwar ruwa. Kafafunsu kuma za su fara ɗauka a kan ɗanyun orange.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Ducks Kayuga sunada zama kusa da gidan, kuma sunfi kwantawa kwanciya fiye da sauran nau'ikan dabbobi saboda suna zaune a kan ƙwayayensu sau da yawa fiye da sauran ducks na gida.

Ducks Kayuga sunyi shuru da kyawawan ducks. Su ne na musamman domin suna da kore kore plumage. Qwai na Kayuga na iya zama abin kayatarwa cikin ban mamaki, kamar yadda ake yada launin launin toka ga harsashi, amma wannan wani yanki ne mai sutturar rubutu da ake saurin goge shi. Matsakaicin matsi a baki ya bambanta lokacin kwanciya - qwai sun fara yin duhu a farkon lokacin kwanciya kuma suna haskakawa yayin da yanayin ke ci gaba. Lokacin da kuka goge da baƙin bebaye, kwai ya bayyana.

Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa

Hoto: Duck Cayuga

Ba kamar sauran ƙananan ruwa ba, kamar su swans da geese, duwatsun Akayuga basa yin aure sau ɗaya a rayuwa. Kowane alakar yanayi tana da aure, amma yawancin jinsin suna zaɓi sabon abokin tarayya a farkon lokacin kiwo a cikin hunturu. Bugu da kari, adadin nau'in kananan dabbobin kayug - kusan kashi 7% - suna yin auren mata fiye da daya. A cikin wannan tsarin, daskararre na maza na iya yin aure tare da mata da yawa wadanda ke zaune a yankin.

A matsakaita, duck cayugu na iya kwantawa tsakanin manyan kwayoyi 100 zuwa 150 a shekara. Kayansu fararen fata ne ko launin toka. Amma a ƙarshen kakar, launin ƙwaya ya yi fari. Wadannan ducks din suna da amo. Ducks na Kayuga masu Hardy kuma suna iya haifar da yawan zuriya, duk da yanayin sanyi. Suna yawo, galibi suna zaune suna toshe ƙwai. Zamanin da ake shiryawa don kayuga duck kwanaki 28 kenan. Lokacin amfani da incubator, zazzabi ya zama 37.5 ° C a cikin zafi of 86% na kwanaki 1-25 da 37 ° C a cikin zafi of 94% don 26-28 kwanaki.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Matsakaicin matsakaiciyar rayuwar dabbar da aka ajiye kamar dabbobi yana tsakanin shekaru 8 zuwa 12.

Ducks Kayuga suna zaune cikin rukuni. Suna sa ƙwai a duk tsawon shekara, yawanci suna farawa ne daga bazara, kuma za su ƙyanƙyashe ƙwai idan an barsu su zauna. An rufe qwai da wani fim mai launin baƙi ko duhu, wanda aka kashe, ko da yake yanzu tsuntsaye da yawa suna kwance fararen ƙwai.

Abokan gaba na ducks kayug

Hoto: Abin da duck yayi kama

Babbar matsalar kula da dabbobin kayug ita ce masu farautarsu. Cats, minks, weasels, raccoon da owls zasu ci ducks, idan an basu dama. Ya kamata a shigar da Kayugi a cikin ginin ko a rufe shi sosai da daddare. Rakoon na iya kashewa da cin duke ta hanyar raga ta waya, don haka dole ne a datse shingen da waya don kare su.

Duck cayug shima yana buƙatar kariya daga zafin rana. Dole ne a samar mata da inuwa lokacin da zazzabi ya kai 21 ° Celsius. Suna son yin iyo, saboda haka suna jin daɗin ɗakin yara idan ruwan ya kasance mai tsabta kuma ba a yarda da datti ba a cikin kusanci. Ducks kuwa, zasu iya rayuwa yadda yakamata idan ba'a basu komai ba sai ruwan sha mai ɗaci.

Wajibi ne ruwan ya kasance mai zurfi don rufe bakinsa domin su iya amfani da shi don tsabtace hanci. Ya kamata a sauya ruwa a kalla sau biyu a mako. A cayuga yana iya samun nasa abincin idan yana da isasshen sarari. Inda sarari yake da iyaka, ana buƙatar taimako don ciyar da duhun kayuga. Ducks suna buƙatar ɗan tsakuwa ko kuma yashi mai yalwa don taimaka musu su narke abinci.

Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu

Hoto: Ducks

An fara gabatar da duwatsun duwatsun daji zuwa Cayug County (yankin Finger Lakes na New York) a tsakiyar shekarun 1800, kuma tun daga nan aka haife su duka ƙwai da nama, kuma kamar dabbobi saboda abokantakarsu. da yanayin zamantakewa. Ana ganin duwatsun Kayuga a matsayin tsararraki na asali kuma a halin yanzu suna cikin jerin "Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari" na Kayan Amurka saboda karancin adadi a Amurka.

Rashin shahara a cikin shekarun 1990s ya haifar da raguwa mai yawa a cikin adadin duwatsun kayug shekaru da yawa, amma da alama cewa wannan nau'in ba ya jagoranci hanyar zuwa dodo. A baya can an shiga cikin hadari, an sanya sunan kayug a jerin 'Conservatory of Health dabbobi Conservatory' - jerin abubuwan karfafawa wadanda masu ruwa a ruwa a duniya suke ganin kyakkyawa da fa'idar wannan duck mai kayatarwa.

Kiwo duck na Kayuga bashi da mashahuri fiye da sauran ducks na gida, saboda wannan nau'in sabon salo ne na duck na gida, wanda aka bunkasa a tsakiyar karni na sha tara. Duck cayug a halin yanzu sanannen mashahuri ne a Amurka, kuma ana amfani dashi sosai don samar da nama da ƙwai, kuma a matsayin tsuntsu mai ado.

Duck - Wannan wani sabon abu ne, kyawawan manyan magina ne. Kayan aikin sun bayyana baƙar fata har sai haske ya same su, sannan suka nuna kyakkyawar fatar koren launi. Gemu da ƙafafunsu baƙi ne baƙi. Tare da shekarun cayuga, sukan fara samun fararen fuka-fukai, wanda a karshe zai iya maye gurbin mafi yawan gashin fuka-fikann su, kuma kyawunsu da kafafunsu zasu iya daukar turare mai ruwan lemo.

Haraji da Etymology

Masanin kimiyyar Amurkawa William Brewster ya bayyana bakaken fata ba'amurke kamar yadda Anas OBSCURA rubripes , don "Duck-Black Black Duck", a cikin aikinsa na alama mai taken "Ba a Sifantawa da Sigar Black Duck" ( Anas obscura ), ”A cikin The auk a cikin 1902, don bambanta tsakanin nau'ikan ducks biyu da aka samo a New England. Describedayansu an kwatanta shi da ƙanana, da ƙafa mai launin shuɗi da zaitun ko sautunan duhu, ɗayan kuma a matsayin mafi girma, yana da sautin fata mai sauƙi, ƙafafu masu haske da haske mai launin rawaya. Mafi yawan biyun an yi bayanin su Anas Pinhole ga masanin ilimin halitta ɗan ƙasar Jamus Johann Friedrich Gmelin a shekara ta 1789 a bugu na 13 Systema naturae , sashi na 2, kuma ya dogara ne akan "Duck mai duhu" masanin dabi'ar halitta Thomas Pennant. Sunan kimiyya na yanzu, Anas rubripes , asali ne na Latin, tare da Anas yana nufin "duck" da rubripes dangane da bebe , "Ja" da PES Kafa.

Jikin ciki Arctic zoology , Juzu'i na 2, ya bayyana wannan duck kamar yadda ya iso "daga New York City" kuma tare da "dogayen laushi da kunkuntar lissafi, tare da inuwa mai shuɗi: gugu yana da fari: wuyan yana da launin ruwan kasa, mai haske tare da layin duhu." A cikin hankula tsunkule , halayya kamar su kore-baki, koren zaitun ko saitunan zaitun mai duhu, ƙafafun zaitun mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin ja mai launin shuɗi, madaidaiciya da tarin abubuwa masu duhu gaba ɗaya, saƙar baki da makogwaro, layin bakin ciki da alamun duhu a wuya da kuma gefen kai maimakon baƙar fata, kar ku canza dangane da shekaru da lokacin shekara.

Bayanin

Jirgin Amurka baƙar fata yakai 720-1.640 g (1.59-3.62 fam) da ma'auni 54-59 (21-23 inci) a tsayi tare da 88-95 cm (inci 35-37) na tsawon reshe. Wannan nau'in yana da matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyi a jikin mutum. Anas , tare da samfurin maza 376 masu nauyin 1.4 kilogram (3.1 fam) da kuma mata 176 masu nauyin 1.1 kg (2.4 fam). Duck baƙar fata na Amurka yana da ɗan tunano mace Mallard ta canza launi, kodayake ɓarke ​​daɗaɗɗen bakar fata yana da duhu. Maza da mata yawanci suna kama da juna a bayyanar, amma namiji yana da baki mai launin rawaya, mace kuma tana da launi mara kyau mara nauyi mai duhu mai duhu, wacce ake wasu lokuta ana baƙar fata tare da baki. Shugaban yana launin ruwan kasa, amma ya fi haske fiye da sautin launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. A cheeks da makogwaro an jefa launin ruwan kasa, tare da duhu ratsi wucewa ta kambi da duhu idanu. A cikin gashin fuka-fukin Speulum launuka masu launin shuɗi-masu launin shuɗi tare da gefuna baki mafi yawa. Kafafu biyu na ruwan lemo suna da madauri masu duhu.

A cikin jirgin, ana iya ganin fararen hular kwano sabanin na bakin ciki da ke ƙasa ko saman. Manyan madubai ba su da fararen fararen fata a gaba da baya, kuma da wuya suna da farin farin trailing. Wani mara lafiya mai duhu yana iya gani a kan median underwin firss na farko.

Juveniles suna kama da matan da suka manyanta, amma sun tsinke da kunkuntar rakodin gefukan da ke cikin gashin fuka-fukai, waɗanda suke bayar da ɗan ƙaramin ƙarfi, ba bayyanar jagged ba, amma yanayin gaba ɗaya na Browner, maimakon madaidaicin launin baki ɗaya. Maza matasa suna da ƙafafu masu ruwan shuɗi-orange, kuma yara mata suna da ƙafafu masu launin ruwan kasa da ƙidaya mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi.

Rarraba da wurin zama

Amurkawa duck black endemic zuwa gabashin Arewacin Amurka. A cikin Kanada, kewayon ya haɗu daga arewa maso gabashin Saskatchewan zuwa Newfoundland da Labrador. A cikin Amurka, yana cikin tsaunuka na sama na Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, Ohio, Connecticut, Vermont, South Dakota, tsakiyar West Virginia, Maine da kuma Tekun Atlantika na Arewacin Carolina.

Duck mai baƙon Amurka wuri ne na duniya, kamar yadda ake dangantawa da fadama mai narkewa kuma yana kasancewa a duk shekara a cikin ɓarkewar gishiri daga Maine Bay zuwa gabar jihar Virginia. Yawancin lokaci yana fifita ruwa mai kyau da mashigar tekun a duk arewa maso gabashin Amurka, gami da gishirin gishiri, yankuna da gefen koma baya na tafkunan da kogunan da aka yi jigon da sulfur. Hakanan yana zaune a wuraren tafkuna masu yawa, tafkuna masu zurfi tare da keɓaɓɓu da reeds, fadama a cikin ciyawar da ke daɗaɗɗun giya tare da gandun daji. Hakanan ana samun jama'ar da ke cikin Vermont a cikin tafkunan kantin teapot masu launin kankara da ke kewaye da fadama fadama.A cikin hunturu, duhun baƙar Amurkawa galibi suna zaune ne a cikin fadadu, da kan iyaka, da ciyawar noma, da guguwar da ta mamaye, filayen noma, tuddai da yankunan bakin teku. Ducks yawanci suna samun tsari daga farauta da sauran rikice-rikice ta hanyar motsawa zuwa tarko da sabbin abubuwan zubar da ruwa don kiyaye ƙasa.

Ciyarwa

Duck baƙar fata ɗan Amurka shine nau'in Omnivorous tare da abinci iri-iri. Tana ciyar da ruwa cikin ruwa da kuma ciyawar ƙasa. Abincin abincinsa da farko ya haɗa da ciyawar ciyawa da ciyayi, har da tsaba, mai tushe, ganyaye, da kuma tushe mai tsire-tsire masu ruwa kamar zostera, rdesta, da Highlander. Abincin abincinsa ya hada da mollusks, katantanwa, amphipods, kwari, mollusks da ƙananan kifi.

A cikin lokacin kiwo, abincin baƙar fata na baƙar fata ya ƙunshi kusan 80% abincin abinci da 20% kayayyakin dabbobi. Abincin abincin dabbobi ya tashi zuwa kashi 85% a cikin hunturu. A lokacin farauta, yawan invertebrates yana ƙaruwa. Ducklings yafi cin iska na ruwa a cikin kwanaki 12 na farko bayan kyankyashe, wanda ya hada da dusar kankara, katantanwa, mayflies, dattin kwari, gwoza, kwari, kwari kwari da kuma kwalliya. Bayan wannan, sun canza zuwa tsaba da sauran abincin shuka.

Kiwo

Gidajen haifuwa sun hada da alkaline bogs, acid na ruwa, tafkuna, tafkuna, koguna, marshes, maɓuɓɓugai da ƙarancin damar bakin kogin da sauran yanayin ruwa a cikin lardunan arewacin Saskatchewan, Manitoba, ta hanyar Ontario, Quebec, har ma da lardunan Atlantika a Kanada, Manyan Tabkuna da kuma a Adirondacks a Amurka. Yankunan ƙaura ne, kuma yawancin raƙuman ruwa a gabashin tsakiyar Amurka, musamman yankunan bakin teku, wasu suna ci gaba da shekara-shekara a yankin Manyan Tabkuna. Wannan duck baƙaƙen ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan magana ne zuwa Burtaniya da Ireland, inda a cikin shekaru da yawa tsuntsaye suka zauna tare da haɓaka tare da ƙararrun gida. Sakamakon haka, jumlar na iya gabatar da manyan matsaloli na ganowa.

Gidaje masu kyau suna ɓoye sosai a ƙasa, galibi a cikin manyan wurare. Abincin ƙwai yana da ƙwaya shida zuwa goma sha huɗu waɗanda ke da ƙwararrun launuka kuma suna zuwa cikin inuwar launuka daban-daban na fari da fari. A matsakaici, suna auna girman 59.4 mm (2.34 inci) tsawo, 43.2 mm (inci 1.70) fadi da nauyi 56.6 g (0.125 fam). Hatching yana ɗauki kwanaki 30 a matsakaici. Lokacin shiryawa ya bambanta, amma yakan ɗauki kwanaki 25 zuwa 26. Maza da mata Matsayin nauyin, kodayake maza suna kare yankin har sai mace ta kai tsakiyar lokacin shiryawa. Yana ɗaukar kimanin makonni shida kafin a yi toka. Bayan an yanyan qwai, kaji yakan jagoranci tsintsiya don ciyar da yankunan da ke da yalwar tsirrai da tsirrai.

Blackan baƙar fata na baƙar fata suna baƙar magana a kai a kai kuma suna haɗuwa da mallard, wanda ke da alaƙa da ita. Wasu hukumomi ma suna ɗaukar duck baƙar fata ce ta Mallard a maimakon wata nau'in dabam. Mank et al. Yi gardama cewa wannan kuskure ne, saboda matsayin ɗaukar hurumi ba hanya ce da za a karɓa ba Anas nau'in.

An ba da shawarar cewa a baya an raba duhun baƙar fata da mallard daga abubuwan da suke son zama, tare da duhun duhu na baƙar fata baƙar fata na Amurka yana ba shi babban zaɓi a cikin wuraren waha na gandun dajin a gabashin Arewacin Amurka, kuma mafi sauƙin ɗaukan dutsen mallard duck yana ba da amfani ga haske. , karin bude wuraren shakatawa da filayen tafkin. Dangane da wannan ra'ayi, lalacewa ta baya-bayan nan da gandun daji a gabas da dasa bishiyoyi a cikin filayen ya rushe wannan yanki na mazauna, wanda ke haifar da babban matakan tsufa a halin yanzu. Koyaya, ba a san adadin kudaden da ake magana da su ba a cikin wannan kuma mafi yawan tsuntsayen yankuna masu kyan gani, kuma ana ɗauka ne kawai, dangane da duhun baƙar fata na Amurka, cewa ƙididdigar shekarun baya sun kasance ƙasa da yadda ake iya gani. Kari akan haka, yawancin bangarorin hada-hadar tsuntsaye an san suna da tsayayye na dogon lokaci, duk da kasancewar hadadden hanyoyin tsinkaye. Duck baƙar fata da ɓarna na cikin gida yanzu suna da wuyar rarrabewa ta amfani da kwatancen microsat tauraron ɗan adam, koda kuwa samfuran samfurori da yawa. Akasin ikirarin wannan binciken, tambayar ko shin ƙasan Haɓakar Americanasar Amurika ce ta asali wacce ba a iya warware ta ba. Bayanin su, “duwatsun bakaken fata na Arewa ba su da bambanci da na yanzu fiye da na majalisun kudanci,” gaskiya ne kawai game da alamun alamun kwayoyin. Kamar yadda tsuntsayen da ba za a iya rarrabuwarsu ta alamun kwalliyar tauraron ɗan adam har yanzu suna iya bambanta, akwai wasu bambance-bambance na kwayoyin waɗanda kawai ba a gwada su a cikin binciken ba.

A binciken karatun, an gano cewa yawancin dangin ba sa bin hukuncin Haldane, amma wani lokacin mace mace na haihuwar takan mutu kafin su kai ga balaga, ta haka ne ke tallafawa shari'ar baƙar fata baƙar fata ta Amurika.

Alkawarin Predator da Hadarin

Apex nests na Amurka baƙar fata duck daddawa sun haɗa da rakuman Amurkawa, gulls da raccoons, musamman ma a cikin ciyawar itace. Shaye shaye da mujiyoyi sune ma manyan magabatan manya. Bullfrogs da snapping kunkuru suna cin abinci mai yawa da yawa. Ducklings sukan kama cututtukan da ke haifar da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ke ɗaukar kwayar cutar kwari, kamar su taɓaka. Suna kuma cikin haɗari don haifar da guba ta harbi, wanda aka sani da saturnism, saboda halayyar ciyar da abinci.

Yanayi da Kariya

Tun daga 1988, An ba da Black Black Duck a matsayin mafi ƙarancin damuwa a cikin Jerin Rukunin Gari na IUCN. Wannan saboda yawancin nau'in wannan nau'in yana da girma sosai, wanda bashi da kusanci da kusan ƙarancin ire-irensu. Bugu da kari, adadin jama'a yana da yawa, kuma duk da cewa yana raguwa, baya raguwa cikin sauri don sanya jinsi cikin sauki. An daɗe ana wasan kamar wasan tsuntsu, yana mai da hankali sosai yana tashi da sauri. Rashin wurin zama sakamakon magudanan ruwa, ambaliyar daukakkun ruwa saboda birni, dumamar yanayi da hauhawar teku sune manyan abubuwanda ke haifar da raguwar mutane. Wasu masanan ilmin halitta sunyi la'akari da hybridization da gasa tare da mallards a matsayin ƙarin tushen damuwa ya kamata ya ci gaba da wannan koma baya. Tsarin rigakafin kanta ba matsala ce mai wahala, zabin yanayi yana tabbatar da cewa daidaikun mutane sunada mafi girman. Ko yaya dai, rage yiwuwar halittar mace ta haifar da wasu broods sun gaza a cikin dogon lokaci sakamakon mutuwar zuriya kafin su sake kansu. Kodayake wannan ba matsala ba ce game da ducks mallard ducks, tana iya sanya ƙarin damuwa akan yawan duhun baƙar fata na Amurka. Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan na Gidauniyar Delta Waterfowl ta nuna cewa dabbobin sune sakamakon tilasta samun daidaito, maimakon zaɓi na yau da kullun na matattaka kaji.

Kasuwancin Kifi da Wasan Amurka na ci gaba da samarwa da sarrafa al'adu a yankuna da yawa don tallafawa ƙaurawar ƙaura, lokacin hunturu, da kuma kiwon ckan duhun baƙar fata na Amurka. Bugu da kari, Montezuma National Reserve ya samu tare da dawo da kadada sama da kadada dubu 1 don samar da wani tsaiko ga sama da duhun bakaken Amurkawa 10,000 a lokacin hijira. Bugu da kari, a gabar tekun Atlantika, hadin gwiwar ya kasance don kare mazaunin gungun bakaken fata na Amurka ta hanyar maido da mazauni da kuma karkatar da filaye na ayyukan, akasarinsu a wuraren da ake lokacin hunturu da wuraren kiwo. A cikin 2003, kungiyoyi na kiyayewa, masana'antu, da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya suka amince da Tsarin Karewar daji na Boreal, ciki har da yankin gabashin Amurka na duwatsun bakaken fata na Amurka.

Yada duhun baki na amurka

Baƙin Amurkawa baƙar fata suna zaune a kudu maso gabashin Manitoba, Minnesota. Gidajen ya shimfiɗa gabas zuwa jihohin Wisconsin, Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Maryland, West Virginia, da Virginia. Ya hada da yankunan katako na gabashin Kanada a arewacin Quebec da arewacin Labrador. Wannan nau'in duck tsiro a cikin sassan kudu da kewayonsa kuma a kudu zuwa gaɓar Tekun Mexico, Florida da Bermuda.

Duck baƙar Amurka ya fi son zama a cikin wuraren rami wanda ke tsakanin gandun daji.

Amurkawa mazaunin duck baƙar fata

Duck baƙar Amurka ya fi son zama cikin ɗabban ruwan sabo da ruwan jifa da ke tsakanin gandun daji. Yana daidaitawa a cikin fadama tare da acid da kewayen alkaline, har ma a cikin tabkuna, tafkunan ruwa da wuraren ruwa a kusa da filin. Rarraba cikin hanyoyin biya da na kusa da nesa. Ya fi son yankunan da za su dace da abinci, waɗanda suka haɗa da sinadarin estuarine da ke ƙasa tare da filayen noma.

Daga cikin lokacin kiwo, tsuntsaye sukan taru a kan manyan manyan lagos, a bakin teku, har ma a saman tekuna. Dankunkunya baƙaƙen fata Amurkawa jinsin ƙaura ne. Wasu tsuntsaye na ci gaba da shekara-shekara a Manyan Tabkuna.

Dankunkunya baƙaƙen fata Amurkawa jinsin ƙaura ne.

A cikin hunturu, duwatsun baƙar fata na Amurkawa suna motsawa zuwa ƙananan latitude a tekun Atlantika na Arewacin Amurka kuma suna ƙaura zuwa kudu zuwa Texas. Ana ganin wasu mutane a Puerto Rico, Korea da Yammacin Turai, inda wasunsu suka sami mazaunin dindindin na dogon lokaci.

Alamomin waje na baƙar fata baƙar fata na Amurka

A cikin maza daga cikin baƙar fata baƙar fata na dindindin a cikin kayan adon, wurare a kai tare da ƙarfin jijiyoyin baki, musamman tare idanu, da kuma kan kambi na kai, su fito. Kashi na sama na jikin mutum, gami da wutsiya da fuka-fuki, launin shuɗi ne.

Fuka fuka-fukan da ke ƙasa, baƙi ne, baƙi - launin ruwan kasa a launi mai launin shuɗi gefuna da faci. Featananan gashin fuka-fuka suna da “gilashin” bakan gizo mai launi mai launi-shuɗi, tare da ratsin baƙar fata a kan iyakar da ƙaramin fari mai bakin ciki. Gashin fuka-fukai na uku masu launin fata ne, baƙi bane, amma sauran ragowar sune launin toka mai duhu ko baƙi mai launin shuɗi, ƙasa kuma launin fari ne.

Beak mai launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi ko rawaya mai haske, tare da marigold baki. Kafafu suna launin ja-ja. Matar na da koren baki ko zaitun da karamin tabo. Kafafu da kafafu suna launin ruwan kasa - zaitun a launi.

Launin uman tsuntsayen ƙwayau yana kama da ɗimbin tsufa da balagagge

Launin launuka na kananan tsuntsaye yana kama da ɗimbin tsufa, amma ana rarrabe shi da yawa, madaidaicin mottled spots a kan kirji da ƙananan gefen jikin. Gashin fuka-fukai suna da iyakoki da yawa, amma shawarwari masu duhu. A cikin jirgin, ɗan duhun baƙar fata yana kama da mallard. Amma ga alama duhu, kusan baƙi, musamman fuka-fukan ficewa daga waɗanda suka bambanta da sauran rukan.

Kiwo a cikin duhun baƙar fata na Amurka yana farawa a watan Maris-Afrilu.

Amurkawa baƙar fata duck kiwo

Kiwo a cikin duhun baƙar fata na Amurka yana farawa a watan Maris-Afrilu. Tsuntsayen da yawa suna komawa tsoffin wuraren rayuwar su, kuma galibi suna amfani da tsoffin gine-ginen tsoffin gidaje ko kuma shirya sabon gida mai nisan mita 100 daga tsohon tsarin. Gida yana wurin ƙasa kuma yana ɓoye tsakanin ciyayi, wani lokacin cikin rami ko rata tsakanin duwatsu.

A cikin damuna 6-10 qwai mai launin shuɗi.

Ana ajiye su a cikin gida a cikin tsaka-tsaki na kwana ɗaya. Fean mata mata sa ƙwai kaɗan. Yayin lokacin haila, namiji zai kasance na tsawon sati 2 kusa da gida. Amma kasancewar sa a cikin sha'anin zuriya ba a kafa shi ba. Yin kiyayya yana da kimanin kwanaki 27. Ganye sau da yawa, ƙwaiye da kajin suna zama ganima ga hankaka da rakodin. Broods na farko sun bayyana a farkon watan Mayu, kuma kololuwar ƙyanƙyashe ya fara a farkon watan Yuni. Ducklings bayan sa'o'i 1-3 sun sami damar bin duck. Matar tana jagorantar zuriyarta tsawon makonni 6-7.

A waje na lokacin farauta, duwatsun baƙar fata na Amurka suna da tsuntsayen jama'a masu yawan gaske.

Siffofin halayyar duck baƙar fata

A waje na lokacin farauta, duwatsun baƙar fata na Amurka suna da tsuntsayen jama'a masu yawan gaske. A cikin kaka da bazara, suna samar da garken dabbobi na mutum dubu ko sama da haka. Koyaya, a ƙarshen Satumba, nau'i-nau'i nau'i, garken tumaki kuma a hankali yana raguwa. Vapors ana yin sa ne kawai don lokacin kiwo kuma ya wanzu na watanni da yawa. Matsakaicin dangantakar wulakanci yana faruwa a tsakiyar hunturu, kuma a watan Afrilu, kusan dukkanin mata zasu sami dangantaka a cikin nau'i-nau'i.

Tsuntsayen suna ciyar da ruwa mai zurfi, koyaushe suna bincika tushe mai cike da laka tare da beransu.

Amurkawa baƙar fata duck

Baƙin Baƙi na Amurkawa suna cin tsaba da kuma tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire masu ruwa. Karkatattun abubuwa suna samar da abinci wanda ya ninka

• kwari
• mollus
• crustaceans, musamman ma a lokacin bazara da bazara.

Tsuntsayen suna ciyar da ruwa mai zurfi, koyaushe suna bincika kasan lakarsu da gemu ko kuma su juye, suna ƙoƙarin neman ganima. Suna nutse lokaci-lokaci.

Baƙin Baƙin Amurka - Abun Farauta

Black Duck na Amurka ya kasance muhimmiyar manufa don farautar ruwa a cikin Arewacin Amurka na dogon lokaci.

Baƙin Amurka Duck - Babban Nasihu Farauta

Matsayi na Kare Amurkawa Duck

Adadin duwatsun baƙar fata na baƙi a cikin shekarun 1950 ya kusan miliyan biyu, amma daga wannan lokaci adadin tsuntsayen ke raguwa a kai a kai. A halin yanzu, kusan 50,000 suna rayuwa a cikin yanayi.Da ba a san dalilan raguwar ba, amma wannan tsari yana iya faruwa ne sakamakon asarar mazauna, lalacewar ruwa da ingancin abinci, farauta mai fa'ida, gasa tare da wasu nau'ikan duck da hybridization tare da duhun mallard.

Samuwar wasu mutane masu haifuwa yana haifar da wasu matsaloli don halittar jinsin kuma yana haifar da raguwa a cikin adadin bakakkun bakaken fata na Amurka.

Mace mai haila ba mai yuwuwa sosai ba, wanda a ƙarshe ke shafar ƙabilar zuriya. Jiki ba shi da wahala a rarrabe tsakanin tsuntsayen da ba masu hade da juna ba, bugu da kari, bincike ya nuna cewa halittun mata kan mutu sau da yawa kafin su haihu. Wannan a bayyane yake a yanayin saɓanin rikice-rikice tare da duck black American da mallard.

Yawan duhun baƙon na Amurka yana raguwa a hankali

Yawancin ɓarna, sakamakon zaɓi na zahiri, sun samar da halayen adaɓin yanayin daidaita yanayin yanayin. Sabili da haka, popuan mutane baƙar fata na baƙar fata na Amurka suna fuskantar ƙarin sakamakon kwayoyin halittar. A halin yanzu, yana da mahimmanci don guje wa kurakurai don tantance alaƙar jinsin.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.

Asalin tarihi

An samar da wannan nau'in na musamman bayan tafkin Cayuga, wanda ke cikin jihar New York. A wannan yankin, tsuntsaye ne aka fara birgima a cikin 1809. Americanan Amurkawa sun ketare baƙi tare da ducks na gida. Ganin asalin launi, wannan nau'in an daɗe ana kiran shi murjani. An mallaka shi a cikin 1874 kawai, kamar duck Kayuga.

Shekaru da yawa, zaɓi na cikin Black Kayug irin ya ci gaba. Babbar manufar irin waɗannan gwaje-gwajen ita ce ƙara ƙarar alaƙar nama da yawan amfanin kwai, gyara bayyanar, gano sabbin bambancin launuka na gashin fuka-fukai.

Siffofi da mazauninsu

Wannan nama da kwai ya shahara sosai a aikin gona na Rasha. An samo ducks don kiwo da kuma yin aikin ado. Tafiya kewaye da fili, tsuntsayen suna jan hankalin su tare da gashin fuka-fukai a cikin haske, kyakkyawan yanayi da kuma wata muhimmiyar gait.

Ducks suna zaune a cikin gida, suna da wadataccen damar samun ruwa da iska mai kyau.Ana kiyaye mazauninta cikin tsabta, in ba haka ba tsuntsu ya mutu daga harin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Kayugs suna son yin iyo sosai, don haka an sanya wani kandami na wucin gadi a kan yankin mazaunin ko wani yanki na halitta (daga daji) an rufe shi.

Bayyanar jiki da kuma jiki

Kayuga yana da wuya a rikice tare da wasu nau'ikan ducks. Kyakkyawan gashin fuka-fukai suna sheki a rana a fuskoki daban-daban. Tsuntsu yana da babban jiki, danshi mai kauri, gashin fuka-fukai masu karfin gaske wanda ya dace da jikin mutum da aiki mai kariya.

Jikin yana da yawa, kai gaba da baya yana kasancewa ne kadan, mara misaltuwa. Beak - baƙi, idanu - kristal, launin ruwan kasa mai duhu. Duck yana da kirji mai haɓaka, ƙaƙƙarfan kafaffen kafafu. Wutsiya ya yi daidai, na girman matsakaici, canza wuri yayin motsi.

Babban goshi ya zama baki, launin da ya danganta da jinsi na Kayug. A cikin maza yana da launin shuɗi ko zaitun, a cikin mata launin baƙi, shuɗi mai duhu. A wuyansa ya gajarta, ya lankwashe, yayi daidai ya ratsa cikin kafadu tare da tarin fatar.

Yawan nauyin manya ya kai kilogiram 4-5, mace - fiye da kilogram 3. Ducks suna da kitse kuma ana kashe su tun yana wata 2, in ba haka ba farkon molting yana kawo rikitarwa kuma yana sa aiwatar da jan gawa ba zai yiwu ba.

Launi

A bisa ga al'ada, duhun Kayuga baƙar fata ne a launi, wanda ya shimfiɗa zuwa ga jiki, baki da ƙuƙwalwa. A cikin haske mai haske, gashin fuka-fukai suna samun kayan zaki na kore ko shuɗi. Tsuntsu a zahiri yana haskakawa cikin rana, da alama ya fi girma.

Yawan launuka ya dogara da jinsi na duck. Misali, maza a cikin haske suna haskaka launin shuɗi, yayin da mata suka sami launin kore mai zurfi. Unbali ebb ne wanda akafi maida hankali dashi a saman sashin jikinsa, ya rigaya ya fadad'a zuwa kasa.

Yawan aiki

Duk da girman aikinta, duck an girma da farko azaman kayan adon kaji. Wannan fasalin yana da alaƙa da kasancewar fata mai duhu wacce ba a santa ba da kuma gashin tsuntsu baƙaƙen fata, wanda hakan ke cutar da bukatar kayayyakin nama. Koyaya, kwararrun masana harkar abinci sun lura da karancin kitsen mai a cikin nama, harma da amfanuwarsa ga jikin mutum:

• inganta yanayin gashi da kusoshi,
• rigakafin ci gaban kumburi tafiyar matakai na fata,
• haɓaka tsarin narkewa,
• balle daga gubobi da abubuwa masu guba daga jiki,
• normalization na endocrine da tsakiya juyayi tsarin,
• haɓaka matakin haemoglobin.

Likitoci sun ba da shawarar amfani da wannan samfurin a cikin abincin don mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari mellitus, kumburi na hanji, osteoporosis da ciwon daji, har da mata yayin gestation da nono.

Matsakaicin nauyin namiji babba shine 4 kilogiram, kuma mace - 3 kg. Dole ne a yanka tsuntsayen fattening yana da shekaru sama da kwanaki 60 kafin a fara canza murfin gashin tsuntsu. Femaleaya mace a kowace shekara na iya samar da har ƙwai 150. Yawan taro ɗaya ɗaya ba ya wuce g 100. Wannan adadi ya isa sayarwa da kuma matasa dabbobi. Wani fasali na ƙwai shine kasancewar launin launin fata na farkon goma, duk samfuran da suka biyo baya suna da sautunan haske na launin kore.

An bambanta duck ta unpretentiousness. Tsuntsayen suna buƙatar kulawa da kulawa kaɗan. Tsuntsayen sun gwammace yin motsi ta hanyar wuraren kiwo na ruwa kusa da kananan tafkuna na ruwa. Idan babu koguna da tabkuna, masana sun ba da shawarar ƙirƙirar wurin wucin gadi don yin iyo. Ya kamata a tsara zane a cikin yankin tafiya, wanda zai zama mafaka daga ruwan sama mai zafi da zafin rana.

Don hunturu, masu mallaka ya kamata su shirya ɗakin dumi inda zazzabi kada su sauka ƙasa + 5 °. Tsuntsaye na iya yin jure wa ƙananan daskararre sauyi da canjin yanayin sosai, amma a cikin yanayi masu daɗi suna iya samun wadataccen haɓaka a cikin shekara. Don hana haɓakar carbon dioxide, masana sun ba da shawarar shigar da tsarin iska mai ƙarfi wanda zai iya tabbatar da iskar gas mai kyau a cikin ɗakin. Kamar yadda za a iya amfani da kayan litter, sawdust, bambaro da ciyawa mai bushe. Sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2, Ya zama dole don shirya tsabtatawa na gidan tare da cikakken canji na zuriyar dabbobi.

Wani sashe mai mahimmanci na kowane ducklings shine mazaunin gida, masu ciyarwa, kwanukan sha da kwantena tare da yashi mai kyau. Dole ne a tsabtace kwantena na abinci tare da wanke kullun. An hana shi sosai barin barin tsoffin abinci a cikinsu. Yin amfani da samfurin da aka ƙazanta zai iya tayar da abinci ba kawai, har ma da mutuwar dabbobi gaba ɗaya. A ko'ina cikin narkar da wannan nau'in, abin sha koyaushe ya kamata a cika sabon ruwan tsabta. Idan ba'a bi hanyoyin tsabtacewa da tsabta, duck zai iya samun cututtuka:

• coccidiosis,
• hepatitis
• aspergillosis
• salmonellosis
• cutar goiter.

Haɗin ƙwai

Ducks suna ɗaukar ƙwai 100-150 a shekara. Kowane mai nauyin 80-100 g. Kwai sun fi kaza girma, da farko suna da harsashi mai duhu, amma tuni a cikin na goma na goma sun zama fari, tare da inuwa zaitun.

Kayan Kayuga suna da wahalar samu akan siyarwa. Sai dai idan xaya daga mai shayar ya sayar wa wani saboda ya ci gaba da samar da nau'in. A wasu halaye, ana amfani da qwai a cikin dangin shayarwa azaman kayan abinci ko don kiwo yara ƙanana.

Ciyar da abinci

Don kula da tsuntsayen a cikin yanayin jiki mai kyau, dole ne a saka kulawa ta musamman ga abincin tsuntsaye, wanda yakamata ba a daidaita shi kawai ba, har ma ya ƙunshi dukkanin bitamin da abubuwan da suke buƙata. Tushen menu duck shine abinci, cakuda hatsi da hadaddun abubuwan kara ma'adinai. Masu mallaka dole ne su tabbatar da samun wadataccen abinci koyaushe. Duk tsawon lokacin bazara, ciyawa mai saurin ci, algae da ƙananan kwari za su zama abincin ciyarwar tsuntsaye.

Tsuntsayen da ke kiwatawa ba wai kawai zai iya samun abincin kalori mai yawa ba, har ma ya kasance a cikin sarakuna a tsare. Abincin waɗannan ducks na watanni 2 ya kamata ya ƙunshi abinci 4 a rana. Abinda aka fi daidaitawa don abinci mai ƙiba ya ƙunshi masara, alkama da sha'ir da aka dafa cikin madara ko broth.

A cikin hunturu, tare da bushewar hatsi, busasshen amfanin gona tushen, kore granules da silage, kazalika da bitamin da microelements na musamman, wanda zai ba da tsuntsu da duk abubuwan gina jiki, ya kamata a yi amfani.

Tsarin duck Kayuga da salon rayuwa

Ducks kansu phlegmatic, quack a hankali, nuna hali a hankali da majestically. Suna tafiya a hankali, basu jure da sauri ba. Suna da kyakkyawar juriya na wahala, da wuya su tsorata da kaifi mai kaifi da kuma kusancin sauran dabbobi.

Duck Kayuga yana da ƙarfin hali kuma yana da ƙarfi, yana haƙuri da sanyi, yana da rigakafi mai ƙarfi, da wuya ya kamu da rashin lafiya.

Da sauri tsuntsu ya saba da sabon yanayin yanayi, kuma irin waɗannan canje-canjen ba sa cutar da alamun masu aiki. Tsuntsayen suna son kuje a kan ciyawar fure, kuma idan aka ciyar da su, sai su yi nauyi da sauri.

A cikin zafi, sau da yawa suna iyo da ruwa, kuma bayan hanyoyin ruwa sun gwammace suyi ruwa a rana. Yawo na yau da kullun kawai yana da kyau ga tsuntsaye; ba sa son a kulle su.

Kuna iya koya game da sifofin Cayuga ducks a cikin bidiyon da ke gaba:

Ducks suna buƙatar kulawa, abinci mai kyau da tsabta gidan. Wadannan tsuntsayen masu zaman kansu ne, saboda haka suna iya amintar da yanayin kyauta. Za'a iya barin su ba tare da kulawa ba kuma basu da shakku cewa ba kowane mutum daya da za'a rasa ko gurgu.

Tun da Kayugi suna da rigakafi mai ƙarfi, suna iya jure sauƙi ko da cututtuka masu rauni, da wuya su yi rashin lafiya. Tare da yanayin nutsuwa, tsuntsayen ba su da kunya ko kadan, yana da wahala a fitar da su daga ma'auni. Don haka tare da abun ciki na irin su babu matsaloli.

Kiwo

Don samun zuriya mai kyau, manoma masu gogewa suna ba da shawarar sayan ƙwai don masu fasa kwandon shara ko kayan abinci na yau da kullun a masana'antar tsuntsaye ko daga masu shayarwa. A gaban manya-manyan mutane, matasa dabbobi kuma za a iya samu a gida: ducks suna da bunƙasar ilhami ga kyankyasar zuriya da babban matsayi na alhakin jarirai masu haihuwa. Don cimma iyakar hadi na ƙwai, kowane namiji ya kamata bai wuce mace 7 ba. Matar wannan nau'in tana da ikon iya yin jujjuya ƙwai sama da ƙwai 15; don samun ƙarin youngan dabbobi, yana da kyau a yi amfani da injin a cikin abin da ya wajaba a sa ƙoshin ƙwayayen kore daga manyan ducks. Kwanaki 30 bayan sanya qwai, zamu iya tsammanin haihuwar kananan dabbobi.

Matashi, wanda duck ɗin ya zauna, dole ne ya kasance tare da mahaifiyarsa, wanda duk damuwarsa game da zuriyar zai kwanta. Ducklings daga incubator suna buƙatar ƙara kulawa da kulawa ta musamman. Dole ne a sanya kaji a cikin wani ɗaki daban tare da tushen wucin-gadi na haske da zafi. A cikin wurin da ake samun iska mai kyau, ya kamata ka shigar da kwantena na ruwa wanda ciyawar za ta yi farin ciki iyo. Yin tafiya yau da kullun a cikin sabon iska zai ƙarfafa rigakafi.

Abincin ƙananan dabbobin ya kamata ya ƙunshi yankakken ganye, cuku gida, kefir, ƙwai da aka dafa da kwai harsashi. Masu mallaka bukatar yin hankali da cewa babu wani abu na kasashen waje shiga cikin feeders wanda ducklings iya shaƙa. Don kiyaye ma'aunin bitamin da ma'adinai, dole ne a ƙara alli a cikin cakuda. Yana dan shekara 1, ana iya tura kajin zuwa abincin abincin tsuntsaye.

Bukatun gidan

Ducks Kayuga suna zaune a gidaje a cikin hunturu, amma a kai a kai suna yawo. A lokacin rani suna cin lokaci kaɗan a gida, galibi a cikin iska mai kyau.

Abubuwan buƙatun asali na gidan:

• Dakin ya kamata ya kasance mai haske, mai fili.
• Tabbatar da kuna da windows don haske, sabon iska.
• Nests akan bangon gefen dakin.
• Girman mafi kyau duka na gida shine 40x50 cm.
• Protectedofar zuwa gida ana kiyaye ta ta bakin ƙorafi na 8 cm saboda kada qwai ya faɗi kuma kada ya karye.
• A cikin yanayi mai zafi, zazzabi mai karɓa shine digiri 17-19, a cikin hunturu akalla digiri 5.
• Zuriyar dabbobi da aka yi da bambaro, peat, sedge 30 cm lokacin farin ciki ana kafa su a ƙasa.
• A lokacin rani, hasken rana yana haskaka dakin, a cikin hunturu - wutar lantarki ta wucin gadi.
• A bu mai kyau a sanya fitilun infrared don ƙarin dumama.
• Kowane tsuntsu yana buƙatar mai sha, sarrafa ruwa mai tsafta.
• M gaban feeders daga allon, kwantena don kara ma'adinai.

An shigar da aviary a kusa da gidan, ko kuma wani filin farfajiya wanda aka rufe. Ari ga haka, an sanya wani kango wanda ke kare tsuntsaye daga zafin rana da ruwan sama. Gidan, kamar aviary, dole ne a tsabtace kullun, in ba haka ba kwayoyin cuta sun bayyana.

Nasiha

Yawan shahara da babban bukatar wannan jama'ar shine ya haifar da fitowar yawancin maganganu masu kyau da marasa kyau. Manoma sun lura da babban matakin samar da tsuntsu da kuma dabarun da ya samu don kyankyasar zuriya, wanda ke da tasirin gaske a kan riba da riba. Yankunan kaji, wanda ke kusa da tafkuna da makiyaya, lura da raguwa mai mahimmanci a cikin kuɗin kuɗin don sayan hadadden hatsi saboda gaskiyar cewa duck ɗin ya sami abinci.

Rashin daidaituwa ga yanayin tsarewa yana ba da damar rage farashin ginin ducklings. Koyaya, rikicewar siyar da kayayyakin sayar da nama shine babban rashi na wannan tsuntsuwar.

Bayyanar fata wacce ba a san ta ba ta rage buƙatuwar abincin nama.

A bidiyo na gaba, zaku iya yin zurfin duba duwatsun.

Yankin tafiya da samun ruwa

Ducks suna buƙatar iska mai tsabta ba kawai ba, har ma yana tafiya yau da kullun. A cikin hunturu, tabbatar cewa yawan zafin jiki na iska zai bada damar tafiya.

Idan Kayugi kuje a kan ciyawar, kare shi da shinge domin sauran dabbobi kada su kai hari ga tsuntsayen su tsoratar da su.

A lokacin rani, yankin zai zama mai alfarwa daga hasken rana da ruwan sama, tafki na wucin gadi. Misali, cika karamin kwari ko tsohon wanka da ruwa. Ducks suna son yin iyo da ruwa, amma a cikin hunturu ya fi kyau a bar hanyoyin ruwa na ɗan lokaci.

Kayuga duck abinci

Lokacin ciyar da ducks, tushen abincin shine carbohydrates mai arzikin hatsi, wanda ke kara samar da kuzarin tsuntsaye. Zabi hatsi da aka tono sosai. ,Arin, hada da masara, hatsi, legumes, da sha'ir a cikin menu.

Don daidaita metabolism, ana buƙatar abinci mai sarrafawa a cikin abincin. Misali, cake ya zama dole don sanya hens, a matsayin tushen phosphorus da potassium. Bran yin gyara don rashi na fiber. Abincin bushe yana zama ƙarin tushen carbohydrates. A cikin menu na yau da kullun na samfuran da aka sarrafa ya zama bai wuce 5-10% na yawan abincin ba.

Kayan lambu da abinci mai kyau, wanda aka girbe tun daga lokacin bazara, yana taimakawa hanzarta magance matsalar karancin ƙwayoyin cuta na yanayi. Alfalfa da Clover, tushen amfanin gona (kabewa da beets har zuwa 20% na yawan abincin) suna da amfani musamman. Ana ba da irin waɗannan kayan abinci ga ducks a cikin pre-ƙasa form.

Ma'adanai suna ba da gudummawa wajen wadatar da abinci, da narkewa. Babban tushen ma'adanai sune kwasfa, abincin kashi, alli, tsakuwa, gishiri. Za'a iya ba da irin waɗannan kayan haɗin gwiwa a lokaci guda, babban abu shine a tsaurara kiyaye matakan yau da kullun.

Kwana 10-15 kafin yanka, an sanya duwatsun Kayugam da aka ba da karfafawa abinci.

Abincin rana

A lokacin bazara, duhun Kayuga yana cin abincin kansa. Tana buƙatar kwandon ba da nisa daga wurin tafki na wucin gadi don ɓoye lokaci daga ruwan sama da zafin rana. A wannan lokacin, tsuntsu ya ci tsutsotsi, kwari, ciyawa, yana samun nauyi mai ƙarfi.

A lokacin bazara, mai shayarwa ke sarrafawa don adana kuɗi a kan abincin da aka siya da samun gawa mai nauyi bayan yanka. Babban abu shine saka idanu game da abinci mai gina jiki na duck, don ware gaban a kan ciyawar tsire-tsire masu guba, abubuwa masu cutarwa, abubuwan baƙi.

Cika masu sha da ruwa mai tsabta kuma saka idanu wannan lokacin yau da kullun. A lokacin bazara, duck zai iya shan ruwa har zuwa 1 lita na ruwa. Saboda haka, sabunta masu sha sau 2 a rana. Idan algae ko mold sun bayyana akan bangon kwanon sha, sai a shafa su, in ba haka ba tsuntsu zai iya mutuwa.

Lokacin cin abinci na hunturu

A cikin hunturu, masu shayarwa suna ciyar da Kayug sau biyu a rana - safe da maraice. Abincin farko ya hada da kayan girke-girke da silage mai ƙarfi, na biyu ya ƙunshi ciyarwar hatsi mai nauyi. Tabbatar samun 500 ml na tsarkakakken ruwa a cikin kwano.

A lokacin rani, ducks suna samun nauyi cikin sauri, don haka shayarwa ke kara abincin su na yau da kullun. A sakamakon mai Layer kubutar da tsuntsu daga tsananin sanyi da kuma na daskarewa na tsari. A cikin hunturu, gina taro ya fi wuya.

Ta yaya suka yi haƙuri da sanyi?

Kayugi sun saba da sanyi. A yanayin zafin jiki na +5 digiri, suna jin girma a cikin gidan, babban abu shine cewa dakin yana tsabtace a kai a kai. A cikin hunturu, tsuntsaye kuma za'a iya tafiya. Share keɓaɓɓen dusar ƙanƙara da rassa don kada duck ɗin ya ji rauni.

Daga daskarewa paws, rufe hanya tare da bambaro ko hay. Rage lokacin tafiya zuwa mintuna 30-40 zuwa sau biyu a rana, gwargwadon yanayin yanayi. Tare da ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki, rigakafin Kayuga a cikin hunturu baya raguwa, haɗarin kamuwa da cuta yana da ƙanƙantar da hankali.

Sake buguwa da tsawon rai

Don kiwo, sayan ƙananan dabbobi kawai daga shararrun shayarwa bisa samar da takaddun takaddara mai dacewa. In ba haka ba, akwai yuwuwar siyan mestizos, wanda farashinsa tsari ne na girman girman ƙasa da wakilan zuriya.

Ka'idojin kiwo Kayug:

• Garken yakamata ya sami bunsuru 7 da digo 1.
• Guji mating kusa dangi, in ba haka ba a kan lokaci zuriya gaba daya degenerates.
• Ducks suna da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar mahaifiyar, saboda haka kajin ba sa buƙatar ƙarin iko daga mai shayarwa.

Kayugi yana koyar da sandar ruwa don iyo da kuma abinci a cikin ruwa. Idan wasu daga kajin an haife su da wuri, an cire su nan take. In ba haka ba, duck ɗin zai dakatar da kyankyasar ƙwai sauran kuma yayi saurin bunƙasa kajin da aka haifa. Cutar insuga ta toshe ƙwai na tsawon wata 1, har ƙyanka 15 ke ƙyanƙyashe a cikin zuriyar dabbobi.

A cikin daji, ducks suna rayuwa shekaru 10-30. Lokacin kiwo, ana kashe su yana da shekaru 2 bayan cinye mai girma.

Shiryawa ƙwai?

Lokacin shiryawa ya bambanta daga kwanaki 26 zuwa 28, da kyar dai - har zuwa kwanaki 35. Shawarwari masu mahimmanci ga masu shayarwa waɗanda suka sayi mai kawo incubator:

• Idan mace ta kasance har zuwa ducklings 15, to, tare da taimakon incubator wannan alamar wannan tsari ne na girma.
• Don shiryawa, ana amfani da ƙwai mai launin kore mai haske, wanda ke nuna balagar aikin kwanciya.
• Don zaɓar ƙwanƙwaran ƙwai na babban Layer na kwanaki 14-18.
• Bayan bayyanar ducklings, ci gaban matasa ya zauna a kan shimfiɗa kaza, wanda aka ɗauka don ciyar dasu.

Ka'idojin Ka'idoji yayin amfani da injin:

• A rana ta farko, kada ku juya ƙwai, dumama su gefe ɗaya a yanayin zafi har zuwa digiri 38.
• A cikin makonni masu zuwa, kunna qwai kowace rana daga gefe zuwa gefe sau da yawa.
• Kowace rana, buɗe murfin incubator na minti 10, wanda ke ba da bushewar sanyi, iska ta iska.
• Qwai mai dumin jiki tsawon kwanaki 26 a zazzabi na digiri 37.5. A ranar 27, rage shi zuwa digiri 37 kuma tsammanin bayyanuwar kajin a cikin haske.
• Canja wurin ducklings hatched zuwa brooder, inda suka fada ƙarƙashin kula da kwanciya hen.

Ducklings Kula da Ciyar

Lokacin haihuwar kajin, sanya idanu kan tsabta da tsari na gidan. Karewar rigakafin jarirai bai zama cikakke ba tukuna, don haka ayyukan parasites na iya lalata su. Cire tasirin rubutocin, wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman a farkon makonni 4 na rayuwar matasa dabbobi.

Watan farko, ducklings ba su bambance abinci, suna peck duk abin da ya zo ƙarƙashin ƙafarsu. Tabbatar cewa babu wasu abubuwan baƙi ko tsire-tsire masu guba a cikin gidan. Volara yawan masu sha yayin da kajin ke shan mai yawa. Shirya m kwantena a gaba inda ducklings za su koyi iyo.

Kula da abincin kananan dabbobi. Babban burin mai shayarwa shine kafa narkewa, wadatar da kajin da wadataccen bitamin da ma'adanai masu mahimmanci. Calcium yana da mahimmanci musamman don ci gaba.

Siffofin abincin yau da kullun:

• crushed Boiled furotin, sabo ne ganye,
• kefir, yogurt, cuku gida, sauran kayayyakin kiwo,
• qwai a cikin gari
• ƙananan hatsi, ciyarwar fili (daga shekarun mako).

Cututtuka

Kamar sauran mazaunan sansanin, duhun Kayuga na iya yin rashin lafiya. Abubuwan da ake tsinkaya sune rashin bitamin, ayyukan kwari a kan asalin cin zarafin ƙa'idodi na kiyaye tsuntsaye, kurakurai masu ƙoshin abinci.

A mafi yawan cututtuka da na kowa:

• Rashin bitamin. Rashin bitamin, musamman haɗari ga ducklings.
• Salmonellosis. Cutar na ci gaba a cikin ƙuruciya, kamuwa da cuta ya ratsa ƙwayoyin narkewa tare da abinci.
• Kwayar cuta ta farji. A cikin hadarin akwai masu haihuwar da ba su cika kwana 20 da haihuwa ba daga haihuwa.
• Cutar Goiter. Daga cikin abubuwanda ke haifar da rauni shine abinci mai inganci ga masu kiwo da kuma tsuntsayen manya.
• Abun Cikewa A hadarin - ducks har zuwa watanni 2. Alamar cututtuka na yau da kullun kwanciyar hankali ne tare da rashin jini, dalilin cutar shine ayyukan parasites.
• Aspergillosis. Cutar naman gwari, wanda ke tare da mugunyawar hanci daga hanci. Koda mutum zai iya kamuwa.

Cututtukan 2 na ƙarshe suna da mutuwa, musamman masu haɗari ga sauran tsuntsayen da mai shayarwa kansa. Tsuntsaye masu kamuwa da cuta ba su dace da amfanin ɗan adam ba, gawawwakinsu suna ƙonewa.

Duhun Kayuga basu da lafiya da wuya, suna da karko. Amma a farkon alamun cutar, mai shayarwa dole ne ya ba da amsa a kan kari, nemi likitan dabbobi, da kare sauran dabbobin gona.

Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfanin Duck na Kayuga

Wadannan ducks sun shahara saboda launi na asali da kyawawan bayyanar su, natsuwa da haihuwa. Lokacin zabar wakilan Kayuga mai kiwo don kiwo, masu shayarwa suna yin la’akari da irin wannan mahimmancin gatan.

• danniya juriya
• 'yanci a cikin hali,
• karfi da rigakafi
• sanyi juriya
• unpretentiousness a abinci,
• ingantaccen ƙwaƙwalwar mahaifiyar,
• nama mai kyau da kwai,
• adadin rayuwar dabbobi matasa,
• mai daɗi, nama mai cin abinci.

Kowane nau'in kaji yana da nasa abubuwan, kuma duwatsun Kayuga ba su ban da su. Wannan shi ne:

• ƙarancin nama
• nauyi mai nauyi a jiki
• mummunan ilhami daga shiryawa,
• black kututture bayan plucking,
• qwai ba sayarwa bane.

Barazanar

Ba a daɗe da baƙar fata baƙar fata a Amurka a matsayin wasa, mai hankali da sauri ga reshe. Kodayake wannan nau'in ba ya haifar da damuwa mai yawa, lambobin sa suna raguwa sannu a hankali saboda lalacewar mazaunin. Wasu masu ra'ayoyin kulawa suna ɗaukar tsaran tsagewa da gasa tare da duwatsun mallard don zama ƙarin tushen damuwa da ke ci gaba da raguwa (Rhymer & Simberloff 1996, Rhymer 2006). Ya kamata a sani cewa suturta kanta ba shine babbar matsalar ba, sakamakon zaɓi na zahiri, daidaikun mutane da suka sami dacewa zasu sami ƙarin zuriya. Amma mafi ƙarancin tasiri na mace-mace yana haifar da gazawar yawancin broods, kamar yadda zuriyarsu za su mutu kafin su yi asali. Idan wannan ba matsala ce ga babban mallard ba, to don yawan baƙar fata baƙar fata na Amurka zai haifar da ƙarin damuwa.