Fauna na zamani ya adana mana nau'ikan nau'ikan ƙawancen guda biyu - ɗayan a kudu maso gabashin Amurka, ɗayan a China. Wadannan nau'ikan halittu masu alaƙa biyu suna da abubuwa iri ɗaya na waje da na jiki, amma akwai bambance-bambance a tsakani. “Kasar Sin” tana da ƙanƙanta a cikin girman dangi na Amurka, amma tana da mafi girman “kariya ta makamai” - jikinta yana rufe gaba ɗaya garkuwoyi masu kariya - har ma da gefen matattarar kariya.
Ko ta yaya, wannan bai kubutar da bawan na kasar China daga kisan abokan gaba na waje ba, musamman mutane. A da yawa cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, nau'in na cikin mawuyacin hali, a halin yanzu yawan mazaunin yana zaune ƙaramin yanki ne a kudu maso gabashin China.

Ana iya amfani da wannan abincin mai rarrafe, ana kiransa da kullun Sinawa, amma ana iya amfani da macijin Yangtze, da kuma wasu sunaye na kasar Sin, wadanda a zahiri suke nufin "China mai ba da izini" ko "karamin alligator".
An tsara bayanin kimiyya na alliator na kasar Sin a shekara ta 1879 a karkashin sunan Alligator sinensis (sinensis - "Sinanci"). Haƙiƙa bai yi nasara da ci gaba ba, sabanin abubuwan Mississippi (Ba a amfani da. Manyan maza mafi girma na kasar Sin wadanda suka fada hannun masana kimiyya sun kai tsayin cm 220, yayin da girman da aka saba dasu baya wuce mita daya da rabi tare da nauyin 40 kilogram. Mata ma sun fi karami - zakara ya kai tsayinsa na cm cm 170, amma galibi ba sa yin girma sama da 120-140 cm.
Bayanan bayanan asalin kasar Sin sun ambaci masu aikin inshorar kasar Sin sama da tsawon mita uku, amma ba a san yadda gaskiyar irin wadannan labaran suke ba. Zamu iya cewa kawai tare da karfin gwiwa cewa a halin yanzu irin wadannan “dodanni” ba a samun su.

Za'a iya haduwa da wani dan kasar Sin a cikin daji kawai a gindin kogin Yangtze, kusa da tsakiyar tekun Pacific na China. Wadannan halittu masu rarrafe suna rayuwa ne a yankuna masu zurfi da canjin yanayi, suna zaune a cikin marshes na ruwa, tafkunan, tafkuna, kogunan ruwa da koguna. Ana guje wa ruwan gishiri saboda ƙarancin ƙwayoyin sarrafa gishiri a cikin jiki.
A lokacin sanyi, suna ɓoyewa cikin ɓoye mai zurfi da ɓarna don jiran lokacin mara kyau a cikin wani “ɗakunan ƙasa” inda zafin jiki bai faɗi ƙasa da digiri 10 ba. C. Haka kuma, yawanci sukan tattara gungun mutane da yawa a rami guda. Tare da ranakun bazara, alligators sunyi tsalle don shiga cikin rana kuma fara rayuwa ta al'ada.
Tun da yake waɗannan dabbobi suna hana su yin amfani da tsarin kula da yanayin jikin, dole ne su yi amfani da ruwa don wannan dalilin - idan yana da sanyi - sun tashi zuwa ruwa mai ɗumi, idan yana da zafi - suna ƙaura zuwa inuwa ko zuwa wurare masu zurfi. Kamar kowane dabbobi masu rarrafe, suna son jike rana idan ruwan yayi sanyi.

A zamanin da, wadannan halittu masu rarrafe sun zauna a wasu yankuna na China, har ma da Korea, amma a cikin karni na karshe, mutane sun tsananta musu sosai, kuma adadinsu, da kuma yawan jama'a, ya fadi warwas.
Me yasa mutane ke zaluntar su da waɗannan ƙananan kuma ba masu halin karye-kaye ba? Bayan duk wannan, ciki wanda ya lullube da ƙashi "Sikeli" ya sanya fatar waɗannan macizai kusan ba su dace da amfani da kayan fata ba, kuma yanayin da ba shi da lahani, da alama, bai kamata ya haifar da ƙiyayya da zalunci gaba ɗaya ba. Amma Sinawa, kamar yadda ka sani, manyan masoya shinkafa ne, wadanda suke shuka filayen da ruwa ya rufe su. Don waɗannan dalilai, bayan hadadden ban ruwa da matakan magudanan ruwa, marshes na ruwa ya dace sosai. Amma, kamar yadda muka sani, irin wannan fadama wani yanki ne da aka fi so masu ba da Sinawa, wadanda saboda dalilai a bayyane suke, manoma sun kore su daga gidajensu har ma da rushewa sosai, don kar su tsoma baki tare da kiwo. Guba, wanda manoma suka lalata beraye da sauran dabbobin ruwa a cikin filayen, ya haifar da babbar illa ga mazaunan dabbobi masu rarrafe - masu baƙar cin abincin da suka mutu ma sun mutu.
Ban da shinkafa, Sinawa ma suna son abinci mai kyau, saboda haka naman naman yakan kasance adon daukacin mazaunan wurin, har ma ya kasance a kan jerin gidajen cin abinci na kasar Sin da yawa.
An yaba da naman dayan kwastomomin kasar Sin sosai ba saboda dandano mai daxi da kyawawan halayenta, amma ga kaddarorin warkarwa da aka sanya wa jita-jita. An yi imani da cewa cin naman waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe yana taimaka wa waraka don magance cututtuka da yawa, gami da ciwon kansa. Tsanantawa daga masu shayar da shinkafa, masu warkarwa da gourmets ta haifar da kusan ɓacewar waɗannan dabbobin daga sahun gida - a cewar wasu masana, 'yan ƙasa sama da 200 na baƙi na ƙasar Sin sun zauna a cikin daji.
Sakamakon bakin ciki sakamakon kwazon mutane.

A cikin bayyanar, wannan alligator yayi kama da babban mai saƙo, musamman ma a jarirai. Ba abin mamaki ba kalmar "alligator" ta fito El Lagarto, wanda a cikin Mutanen Espanya yana nufin "lizard". Tana da fuska mafi kyau idan aka kwatanta ta da Mississippi (Amurka) fuskar alligator, kuma tafin ta ɗan ɗanɗano, kamar dai wannan tabarma ce mai sheƙa. Ganowar ɗan gajeren wando ne, a kan ƙananan ƙwallayen idanun kuma a bayan idanun akwai faranti masu ƙyalli (da bambanci ga maƙoƙin Mississippian). Ban da haka kuma, hakoran kasar Sin suna hakoran dan kadan, saboda hakan zai iya gurnani da gurnani a cikin sauki, wanda ya zama tushen abincin wannan abincin mai rarrafe. Jimlar adadin hakora akan jaws 72-76.
Jiki, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, an rufe shi da faranti ƙasusuwa, wanda ke sa fatar da ƙima. Wutsiya tana da ƙarfi, tana aiki kamar motsi da turu yayin motsawa cikin ruwa.

Launin jikin 'yan kasar Sin masu launin shudi ne launin toka-toka, a kan ƙananan muƙamuƙin (a tsakiyar lebe) akwai wuraren duhu, wani lokacin suna da alamar jini. Matasa mutane sun fi canza launin launi - suna da raunin rawaya mai ratsa jiki (jikinsu yakai ragar biyar) da raunin takwas akan wutsiya. Tare da shekaru, launin su ya bushe kuma ya zama bambanci.

Propagated da kwan kwanciya. A tsakiyar bazara, wani lokaci bayan ƙarshen lokacin damina, lokacin damuna ya fara da masu ba da tallafi na kasar Sin. Maza suna da yawa, suna da mace biyu. Abin sha'awa shine don haifar da "amarya" suna haifar da ƙanshin jin ƙanshi, wanda ke haifar da glandon musamman ta ƙasan wucin gadi. Bugu da kari, hanyoyin da aka saba amfani da su don lalata da kiran mace ana amfani da su ne ga maza - maza suna yin sautikan haɓaka, gami da abubuwan fashewa na musamman waɗanda kunnen ɗan adam bai ɗora ba.
Mace, mata masu ratsa jiki, suna amfani da yaren jiki - suna goge wa abokan hulɗa, suna nuna niyyar aure.

A kusan tsakiyar watan Yuli, mace na shirya mazaunin ciyawa da tarkace iri a gefen bankunan kogunan ko wasu jikin ruwa, ba da nisa da burrows. Suna kafa tudun mitoci na tsayin mita tare da paws ɗin su kuma suna kwance har zuwa ƙananan qwai 40 a cikin baƙin ciki a saman, yana rufe su da ciyawa. A lokacin shiryawa, mace yawanci kan ziyarci abin jingina, suna kare ta daga makiya - garken ƙasa, daɗaɗɗun dabbobi, da tsuntsaye, har ma da manyan mata.
Bayan kwanaki 70, a watan Satumba, matasa sun ƙyanƙyashe daga ƙwai kuma suka fitar da halayyar halayyar, suna ba da siginar ga mata cewa lokaci yayi da za a cire su daga gida. Wani lokacin mace ma kan taimaka ma yaran su haihuwar ta hanyar mirgina kwai tare da cinyoyinsu a ƙasa da kuma murƙushe ƙwanƙwasa. Bayan jarirai masu ƙyalƙyali, mace ta ɗauke su zuwa ruwa kuma tana kula da foran ta har na tsawon watanni shida.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa shine cewa jima'i na 'ya' yan gwal ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki lokacin da shiryawa ta faru - idan ya kasance mafi girma, ana haihuwar maza, idan ƙananan - mata. Matsanancin zazzabi shine 31. C, wato, idan an wuce shi, to da brood zai zama "masani", kuma akasin haka. Idan cin gaban ƙwai ya faru a yanayin zafi low, brood na iya ƙunsar gaba ɗaya mace. Tsawon rayuwar waɗannan dabbobi a cikin zaman talala ya kai shekara 70 (a matsakaici, har zuwa shekaru 40). A cikin daji, da ba a iya amfani da allunan kasar Sin da zama da shekaru 50 da haihuwa.

Maharbi mai aiki wanda ya fi son samun abinci a cikin duhu. Abincin waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe abubuwa ne masu ƙarancin ruwa - katantanwa, ƙyallen kifi, da kifi. Kamar sauran karnuka, maƙeran 'yan China ba sa cin abincinsu - za su iya cin beraye, tsuntsayen da wasu dabbobi masu haɗama, har ma da su.
Babu wani lamari na kaiwa mutane hari da akayi rikodin, amma, kamar duk masu rarrafe masu rarrafe, ya kamata a kula dasu da taka tsan-tsan.

Wadannan dabbobin suna yin haƙuri da kyau, saboda haka galibi ana sa su a wuraren kiwon dabbobi da wuraren ajiye ruwa na akwatin kifaye. Sakamakon iyawar kwararrun Sinawa da ke haifar da zaman fursuna, ana fatan dawo da yawan jama'arsu, kuma gwaje-gwajen da aka samu a wannan hanyar sun riga sun samar da sakamako mai kyau - da yawa daga cikin dabbobi da aka saki zuwa 'yanci sun yi nasarar tsira.
Duk da haka, a halin yanzu, yawan wakilan Sinawa da ke kan iyaka sun kusa karewa, kuma an jera su a karkashin matsayin kungiyar Liu ta Red IUCN CR - a gefen karewa.

Bayanin

Masu ba da izini na kasar Sin suna da launin toka mai launin toka masu launi iri iri a kan ƙananan muƙamuƙin. A ciki mai launin toka ne. Wsan gajeren wando suna da gauraye. Hannun golf din an hana fitar da membranes na ruwa. Wutsiya tana da tsayi, babba, ita ce babbar tuƙin tuƙin ruwa. Manya da ƙananan sassan jikin mutum an lullube su da garkuwar bony waɗanda ke aiki don kariya. Akwai nau'i biyu na manyan occipital flaps. A tsakiyar jikin akwai layuka shida na tsaye na ɗakunan digon. Kamar duk wakilan dangin alligator, haƙoran haƙora na huɗu akan ƙananan jaw ba bayyane tare da rufe bakin. Kamar caimans, akwai alamun kasusuwa na kasusuwa a kan ƙoshin ido, kuma ventralerms yana kiyaye kariya daga ventraler. Abubuwan kwanan nan na kwanannan sun bambanta su da mafi kusancin dangi - Amurka mai kawancen.

Matasa mutane iri ɗaya ne ga manya, amma suna da rabe-raben rawaya a jiki. A matsakaita, akwai ratsiyoyi biyar a jikin, takwas akan wutsiya. Sa’ad da suke girma, waɗannan maƙeranan hankali a ɓace.

Tsawon maza na iya kaiwa zuwa 2.2 m daga hanci har zuwa ƙarshen wutsiya, amma yawanci baya wuce 1.5 m. Mace sun kai matsakaicin tsawon 1.7 m, matsakaita game da 1.4 m. amma ba a tabbatar da wadannan rahotannin ba.

Tsawon rayuwa ya wuce shekaru 50.

Yaɗa

A halin yanzu, kawancen kasar Sin suna zaune ne a kogin Yangtze kogin da ke gabashin gabar kogin Sin (lardunan Anhui da Zhejiang). Sau ɗaya, lokacin da yawan wannan nau'in ya yi yawa, iyakarsa ya mamaye yankin da ya fi girma. Farkon ambaton mai ba da izini game da kasar Sin ya fara ne daga 3,000 kafin haihuwar Yesu, kuma an nuna sauran yankuna na China har ma da Korea a cikin wadannan kafofin. A shekarar 1998, masana kimiyya sun yi lissafin cewa, a cikin shekaru 12 da suka gabata, yanayin ma'adanin kasar Sin ya ragu fiye da sau 10.

Suna zaune a cikin yanayi mai sanyin yanayi da yanayi mai kyau, cikin sabbin koguna da wuraren ajiye ruwa.

24.11.2018

Sinadaran kasar Sin (lat.Alligator sinensis) mallakar dangin Alligator ne (Alligatoridae). An lissafta jinsunan a cikin Littafin Ruhi na Unionasashen Duniya don Karewar Yanayi kuma an gane cewa yana kan ƙarshen hallakarwa.

A cikin daji, bisa ga ƙididdigar da aka yi tsammani, ƙasa da dabbobi 150 sun tsira. A cikin wuraren kiwon dabbobi da tarin masu zaman kansu akwai kusan 800-900 na waɗannan karnukan. Tun daga karshen karni na 20, kasar Sin ta dauki matakai a matakin jihohi don farfado da nau'in halittar, wanda ya haifar da karancin ci gaba amma yawan jama'a.

An girka cibiyoyin wuraren kiwo da yawa. Mafi girma a cikinsu shine Cibiyar Bincike ta Anhui na Sakewar Alligator na kasar Sin, inda ake shirin bunkasa tsirai sama da dubu 10 a cikin shekaru masu zuwa da kuma daidaita su da sauran rayuwa a cikin daji.

Ya zuwa yanzu, fewan hundredan jariran ne kaɗai suka sami damar samu.

Halayyar

Yana jagoranci da matukar kulawa, rayuwar sirrin rayuwa mai rikicewa. Masu ba da izini a Sinawa sun fara ɓoyewa daga ƙarshen kaka (ƙarshen Oktoba) zuwa farkon lokacin bazara (Maris-Afrilu), lokacin da yawan zafin jiki ya yi ƙasa sosai. A wannan karon, an tono ramuka tare da bankunan wuraren tafki kamar nisan m 1, zurfin 1.5 da tsawo da 0.3 m a diamita. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da burrows a wasu lokuta na shekara. Wani lokacin burrows suma sunada yawa har zasu iya zama mafaka ga yawancin ƙawancen. A watan Afrilu, suna barin matsugunansu da kwanduna cikin rana don ɗaga zafin jikinsu. Da zaran zafin jiki ya kai darajar da ake so (a watan Yuni), sai su sauya zuwa rayuwar da ta dace da dare. Hakanan ana amfani da ruwa don daidaita zafin jiki: yadudduka mai tsanani don dumama da wurare mai inuwa don rage ƙarfi.

Ana daukar 'yan kwalliyar kasar Sin a matsayin daya daga cikin kwanciyar hankali wakilan tawagar masu kada, kuma suna iya cin hanci ne kawai don kare kansu.

Yaɗa

A halin yanzu, mazaunin ya mamaye ƙaramin yanki a Yankin Kogin Yankin da kan iyakarsa. Tana daga gefen tekun Pacific a cikin lardunan Anhui, Zhejiang da Jiangxi a yankuna masu yanayin yanayi mai kyau.

Wani wakilin kasar Sin yana zaune a fadama, tafkunan ruwa, tabkuna da koguna masu sannu a hankali a kudancin Yangtze daga gundumar Penjie zuwa tafkin Taihu mai tsafta. Yawancin ciyayi a wannan yanki an juya su zuwa gonakin shinkafa, don haka dole ne dabbobi masu rarrafe su zauna a cikin wurare da ke kusa da gonaki.

Kimanin shekaru 7000 da suka gabata, jinsunan sun bazu sosai a kudu maso gabashin China da Koriya ta Koriya. A karni na XIX, an rage kewayonsa zuwa halin da yake yanzu saboda ci gaban aikin gona.

An kawo ƙaramin adadin halittu masu rarrafe a cikin Gidauniyar Kula da Karewar daji ta Rockefeller, wacce ke arewacin yankin Louisiana ta Amurka. A cikin Amurka, ana yin su kuma a Bronx Zoo (New York) da kuma a St. Augustine Alligator Farm a Florida.

Abinci mai gina jiki

Alligators 'yan farauta ne. Mazan da suka manyanta suna ciyar da tsabtataccen ruwa, kifi, macizai, mollusks, kwayoyi, ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma ruwan ruwa. Matasa alligators ci kwari da sauran kananan invertebrates. A zaman talala, suna cin abinci kifi, beraye, beraye, nama da tsuntsaye.

Halayyar

Masu ba da haɗin kai na kasar Sin suna jagorancin salon rayuwa ɗaya. Dabbobin suna haɗuwa ne kawai a cikin lokacin mating don haihuwa. Suna da hankali sosai kuma suna ƙoƙarin guje wa duk wani hulɗa da mutum, saboda haka suna aiki da yawa cikin dare.

Kowane dattijo ya ɗauki nasa yankin. Ta yi ikirarin 'yancin nata a tare da tsawa. Ana yin sautuna iri ɗaya don jawo hankalin masu haɗin gwiwa. Macijin yana yin “waka” a cikin yanayin babu motsi har zuwa minti 10.

A cikin lokacin sanyi, dabbobi masu rarrafe ke sanya hibernate.

Yana wucewa daga ƙarshen Oktoba zuwa farkon Afrilu. Don hunturu, dabbobi masu rarrafe sun tono ramuka a bakin tudu mai laushi. Suna kwance a zurfin kusan 1 m kuma zasu iya kaiwa zuwa 20 m a tsawon. Dansu diamita 30-30 cm.

A cikin irin waɗannan mafaka, zazzabi a cikin hunturu ya wuce 10 ° C. Wani lokaci ba ɗaya ba, amma dabbobi masu yawa a cikin su.

A kan ƙasa alligators aka zaɓi sosai da wuya. Suna cin duk abin da za su samu. Abincinsu yana gudana ne ta fuskoki daban-daban na ruwa na ruwa, crustaceans da amphibians. Mafi yawan ƙananan sashi yana dauke da kifi, ƙananan ƙwayoyin dabbobi da kuma waterfowl.

Kiwo

Dajin yanayin yana farawa a watan Yuni, wata daya bayan farkon lokacin damana. Dukkan maza da mata suna girma cikin neman abokin aure. Wata kyakkyawar rawar daji ita ce gurguntar musk a ƙarƙashin ƙananan muƙamuƙi, wanda ke haifar da warin halayyar. Dabbar ta hanyar canji tana faruwa a ruwa. Maza suna da yawan auren mata fiye da daya - masu iya kula da mata da yawa yayin haila.

A watan Yuli, maza a cikin ciyawar ciyawa tare da bankunan koguna da tabkuna. Kwai kwanciya shimfidawa har tsakiyar watan Agusta. Tare da gabanta da gaban kafafunta, ta ƙirƙiri tudun busassun ganye da ciyawa kusan 1 m.Mafi yawan lokuta ana ƙirƙirar firam kusa da burrows, don haka mahaifiyar na iya kasancewa kusa yayin lokacin shiryawa. Bugu da ari, mace a cikin hutu a saman tsaunin tana sanya qwai 10-40 (mafi yawan lamba 47) ya rufe su da ciyawa. Qwai suna da farin, mai kauri, kwaskwarima, matsakaicin girman 35,4 × 60.5 mm, nauyi 44.6 g.

Mace kan kasance sau da yawa suna ziyartar gida kuma suna kiyaye ta daga mafarauta, yayin da maza basa shiga cikin ta. Brood ya bayyana a watan Satumba (lokacin shiryawa yana kusan kwanaki 70). Jin abincin, mace ta karya babban murfin kuma ta kwashe thea thean su a ruwa. Hakanan zai iya taimaka wa jaririn kyankyasar ta hanyar mirgina kwan a hankali a ƙasa ko matsi da kwasfa. Matar ta kasance tare da zuriyarta a farkon hunturu. Cubaƙƙarfan ɗan kwalin ya kai kimanin gram 30 tare da tsawonsa daidai da cm 21 A cikin shekarun farko na rayuwa, matakan girma suna da tsanani. Sun kai ga balaga yana da shekaru 4-5.

Barazanar lalata da kariya

Dukkanin kasar Sin tana cikin hadarin halaka a cikin daji sakamakon lalacewar mazauninsu da lalacewa kai tsaye kuma an saka shi a cikin Littafin Tarihi na Duniya. Koyaya, allgator yana da kyau a cikin ɗaurarru kuma kusan mutane 10,000 sun wanzu a cikin wuraren binciken duniya, wuraren kiwo ko tarin masu zaman kansu. Musamman, an gabatar da mutane da yawa a cikin ajiyar kaya. Rockefeller namomin daji a kudancin jihar Louisiana ta Amurka ta kudu. An sami nasarar shayar da kiwo sosai a Zonghai na Shanghai, inda a shekarar 1980, aka karɓi sabbin allurai guda 12.

An ba da kariya a kasar Sin, inda aka kirkiro adadi na musamman na yanayi.

La'akari da cewa da shekaru 4-5 da haihuwa alligators isa balaga da mata sami damar fara haihuwa a kowace shekara, da haihuwa damar sosai daga jinsin ne sosai.

ME YA SA KA SAME CIKIN LITTAFIN RAYUWA

Al'adar Sinawa wani nau'in halitta ne mai matukar wahalar gaske. a cewar masana kimiyya, a dabi'a akwai kusan dabbobi masu rarrafe 200. Babban dalilan da yasa aka sami raguwar lambobi sune koyawa da kama karnukan daji don dalilai na kasuwanci. Naman da ke cin abincin kwalliyar Sin tun zamanin da, ya shahara sosai a tsakanin jama'ar yankin. An yi imanin cewa yin amfani da shi na iya warkar da mura har ma da hana cutar kansa. Sauran sassan jiki na alligators an dauke su warkewa.

Bugu da kari, a cikin dogon lokaci, manoma na kasar Sin sun dauki jinsin a matsayin babbar hadari ga dabbobin gida da lalata lalatattun dabbobi. Additionalarin ƙarin abin maye guba alligators a zahiri ma'anar kalmar shine yaƙar berayen tare da taimakon guba. Bugu da ƙari, ƙwaƙwalwa abu ne wanda shine ɗayan tushen abinci don kullun.

A yau, ana yin ƙoƙari don sake haifar da karnukan da aka kama waɗanda aka kama a cikin yanayinsu na asali. Koyaya, koyaushe ba masu nasara bane. A cikin adalci, ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin bauta, dabbobi masu rarrafe suna jin daɗi sosai. A yau, adadin mutane da aka ajiye a yanayin wucin gadi ya kai dubu 10. Mafi yawansu suna Cibiyar Bincike ne don Sake bugun Dukiyar Sin, har ma a wuraren shan dabbobi da yawa na kasar Sin. An gabatar da wasu mutane da yawa daga cikin kwaya iri na kasar Sin a cikin ajiyar namun daji na Rockefeller na Amurka a Louisiana.

INA SON LAFIYA

A zamanin da, ma'adinan ya bazu cikin yawancin yankuna na China. Amma kwanan nan, yankin kewayonsa ya ragu sosai - a cikin shekaru 12 da suka gabata, kusan sau 10. A yau, mai rarrafe yana zaune ne kawai a Kogin Yangtze, da ke lardunan kasar Sin uku. Ana samunsa ne kawai a gabar gabashin ƙasar China, musamman a cikin ruwan tsarkakakken ruwa. Yawancin wuraren rami wanda China ta kasance ba komai a cikin kwanciyar hankali jiya sun juya zuwa shinkafa yau.

Sinadarin kasar Sin yana tsira da kyau kuma yana haifarwa cikin kamammu

YADDA ZAKA SAMU

Kadawar Sinanci wani matsakaici ne, wataƙila mutum zai iya faɗi, croan ƙarami. Tsawon jikinsa yawanci 1.5 m ne, amma ɗaiɗaikun mutane suka kai 2.2. Yana da jiki mai ɗimbin squat, gajeren wando da dogon wutsiya, wanda ke taimaka wa motsi a cikin ruwa ruwa. Babban launi na fata shine launin toka mai ruwan toka. Dukkanin jikin na sama an rufe shi da tsiren ossified - wani nau'in makamai mai kariya. Arnukan ƙarni, akwai maganganun kasusuwa waɗanda ke sa wannan nau'in ya danganta da caiman. Lokacin da aka rufe bakin kasar Sin baki daya, hakorinta na huxu ba ya zama bayyananne, ta yaya ya banbanta da sauran nau'in kunnuwa.

LIFESTYLE DA BIOLOGY

Daga farkon kaka zuwa farkon lokacin bazara, dan kasar Sin yana yin hibernates. A wannan lokacin, dabbobi suna tono burrows a gefen gabar ruwa kusan 1 m zurfi, 1.5 m tsawo da 0.3 m a diamita. 'Ya'yan dabbobi masu rarrafe na iya amfani da burrows a wasu lokuta na shekara. Wani lokaci suna da girma da yawa don zama fagen fama da yawancin baƙi. Bayan farkawa, sukan yi rana a cikin dogon lokaci. Dokar zazzabi don kwayoyin cututtukan jini yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Don wannan dalili, alligators kuma suna amfani da ruwa: babba yadudduka mai tsanani - don dumama da wuraren Inuwa - don rage. Da zaran zafin jiki ya kai darajar da ake so, dabbobin sun canza zuwa rayuwa ta al'ada. Wadannan halittu masu rarrafe suna yin sautikan da yafi gaban hangen nesa na mutane. Don sadarwa, su ma sun sa kawunansu a jikin ruwa suna shafawa juna. Matsakaicin rayuwar da ake tsammani shine 50, matsakaicin shine shekaru 70. Lokacin damina na wakilin kasar Sin ya zo wata daya bayan fara lokacin damina. Speciesabilar mace biyu: namiji ɗaya ke kula da mata da yawa. A lokacin wasannin mating, dukkan maza da mata suna girma, suna jan hankalin abokan zama. Bayan hadi, macen ta gina gida - wani yanki na rassa da ciyawa. A samansa, ta sanya ƙwai 10-40, a hankali suna rufe su da ciyawa. Bayan kimanin watanni biyu, 'yan maruƙatan sun bayyana. Tun da mahaifiyar koyaushe tana ƙoƙari ta kasance kusa da masar, a mafi yawan lokuta ba abin da ke barazanar zuriyarta. Idan cuban rago bai iya tashi daga cikin kwasfa da kansa ba, to ya taimaka masa ta hanyar ɗiban kwaya a ƙasa ko ya karɓi harsashi.

Lokacin da mahaifiyar ta ji labarin muryar farko, uwa mai kulawa tana share ciyawa kuma tana tura yaran a cikin bakin da ke bakin ruwa. Yaran suna tare da mahaifiyarsu don hunturu har sai lokacin bazara mai zuwa.

Masu noman kasar Sin suna ciyar da kifi, 'yan amshi,' yan dabbobi masu rarrafe, dabbobi masu kwari, kwari da kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa.

SIFFOFIN BAYANSA

• Masarauta: Dabbobi (Dabbobi).
• Nau'i: Chordata (Chordata).
• Class: Abubuwa masu rarrafe (Reptilia).
• Umurnin: Haroran Harobiya (Haro).
• Iyali: Alligator (Alligatoridae).
• HALITTA: Alligators (Alligator).
• Duba: Alligator na kasar Sin (Alligator sinensis).

Bayyanar

Tsawon jikinsa baya wuce mita 2 a tsayi, kuma matsakaicin nauyi shine kilo 2. Wannan wakilin yayi kama da na Mississippi alligator. Bambanci tsakanin bawan China shine ya fi takaitaccen magana tare da karkatar da magana tsakanin sasannun idanun da kuma rabe biyu masu tsayi. Yawancin launi shine launin toka mai launin shuɗi. Alamar yatsun kafa tare da yatsu ba tare da membranes. An sanya garkuwan kasusuwa a kan idanun idanun, wanda ke kare idanun daga yuwuwar lalacewa. Mucks yana daɗaɗawa. Tana da kayan kwalliyar kasar Sin da ke da gajerun kafafu da dogon wutsiya, wanda ke taimaka mata ta zauna sosai a ruwa.

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Habitat

Sunan "Sinawa" duk wanda aka karɓa saboda gaskiyar cewa China ita ce kaɗai yankin da wannan wakilin yake zaune. Tana zaune a cikin tafkuna masu kwari, tafkunan ruwa da kwari. Tun da mazaunin kwai na kasar Sin yana fuskantar mummunan tasirin, ya dace da hibernate har tsawon watanni 6 ko 7. Sabili da haka cewa babu wanda ya dame shi, yana zubar da ramuka zuwa zurfin 5 mita. Ko da a cikin tsananin sanyi, zazzabi na gidansa ba ya sauka a ƙasa da digiri 10 Celsius.

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A cikin shekaru 12 da suka gabata, yawan manoma na kasar Sin sun ragu sosai. A halin yanzu, ana iya samun su kusa da gabar gabashin kasar Sin.

Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa

Don haka, masu ba da izini a cikin Sinawa ba su da tsarin rayuwa. Waɗannan sune yawancin dabbobi masu rarrafe. Lokacin mating yana faɗuwa a cikin bazara, lokacin da suke da yawan aiki kuma kar su fada cikin rashin lokacin tsufa. Mace takan gina sheƙunanta a fili a ƙasa daga tsire-tsire masu datti, datti da twigs. A cikin kafa, ta dage daga 30 zuwa 40 qwai.

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Lokacin shiryawa ya wuce watanni 2. Iya tana kiyaye maslahar ta duk wannan lokacin, don hana kai hare-hare daga wasu magabata. Godiya ga tsire-tsire marasa lalacewa, yawan zafin jiki na gida yana da matukar girma, saboda abin da tayi tayi cikakkiyar girma. Kamar yadda yake a yawancin wakilai, ana sane da yanayin zafin da ɗan tayi ke ciki. Idan zazzabi ya kai sama da digiri 34 na Celsius, to kuwa 'yar kasar China zata yi kyankyasar namiji. Idan yawan zafin jiki ya ƙasa - mace.

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A ƙarshen watanni 2, an haifi zuriya kuma ta fara kiran mahaifiyar, saboda ta taimaka musu su fita daga cikin kwandon da aka tura su ga ruwa. Cubs an haife su a santimita 15 a tsawon kuma suna nauyin gram 140. A duk lokacin da yake, kananan matan kasar Sin suna kiyaye su ta hanyar mace. Uwa na wannan wakilin ana kulawa da kulawa. A cikin shekaru biyu na rayuwa, matasa alligators isa 60 santimita a tsawon. Masu ba da izini na Sinanci sun zama balaga ta jima'i har shekara 5.

Alligator Kasar Sin

Masu ba da izini a cikin Sinawa sun fi son wuraren yin tafasasshen ruwa: tafkuna, fadama, koguna, a yau, mafi yawanci suna rayuwa a wuraren tafkuna da tafkuna.

Wadannan alligators suna jagorantar wani ɓoyayyen salon rayuwa, suna iya rayuwa cikin ɓoyewa kusa da mutanen da basu ma san irin wannan kusancin kusancin da masu ba da fata ba. Sukan farauta da dare.

Ba kamar sauran nau'ikan kodo iri-iri ba, haƙoran haƙora na huɗu akan ƙaramin ƙananan ba bayyane lokacin da aka rufe bakin.

Individualsan ƙananan mutane suna cin abincin dabbobin ruwa musamman: mussel, clams, shrimps, snails, frogs, tadpoles and crustaceans. Dukkanin magidantan da suka manyanta suna ciyar da abincin da aka lissafa a sama, har da kifayen da ƙananan katako kamar bera, ducks da makamantansu.

Masu ba da izini a cikin Sinawa suna cin abinci, kuma suna buƙatar hakora ne kawai don kama kuma riƙe waɗanda abin ya shafa. Suna da hakora 80 na hakora a cikin bakinsu, wanda idan aka rasa, ana maye gurbinsu da sababbi. Suna niƙa crustacean bawo tare da m hind hakora. Suna kawar da ɓarna ta hanyar daskarar da ruwa.

Wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe sun sami damar iyo sosai, rawar babban falo tana yin babban wutsiya. Waɗannan suna tsayawa dabbobi, a kan ƙasa za su iya gudu da sauri, amma don ɗan nesa kaɗan.

Kyakkyawan fasalin matasa alligators ne daban rawaya ratsi tare da jiki.

Masu ba da izini a cikin Sinawa suna cinye yawancin lokaci kusan watanni 7 a cikin rashin walda, yayin da a lokaci guda ba sa cin abinci kwata-kwata. Sukan shiga cikin ɓarkewa don gujewa mummunan yanayin yanayin zafi, tunda zafin jiki a cikin burƙinsu yana riƙe da digiri 10. Ramin ramuka na allurai a cikin diamita yakai santimita 30, tsayin su kuma yakai mita 20. Alligators yayi ramuka kusa da koguna. A cikin rami akwai guda ɗaya, ko da wuya, ɗakunan gida biyu, a zurfin kusan mita 1.5.

'Yan baƙi ba sa fitar da zafin kansu, dabbobi ne masu sanyi, saboda haka suna buƙatar hasken rana. Bayan rashin isasshen gashi, sukan yi tsalle cikin rana na dogon lokaci, suna ɗinka zafin jiki da daidaita abubuwan jikin mutum zuwa rayuwa.

Dukkanin kasar Sin suna da sauti iri-iri masu ban sha'awa. Misali, don sanin iyakokin makirce-makircensu da jawo hankalin abokan zama, masu ba da labari na kasar Sin suna ruri. Yaran suna hira da mahaifiyarsu. Ga mutane, baƙi na kasar Sin ba masu haɗari ba. Wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna rayuwa tsawon shekaru 30-35.

Alligators 'yan farauta ne.

Yawan kwatankwacin China

Yawan ire-iren wadannan misalai kwanan nan ya fadi warwas. Ya zuwa yanzu, babu mutane sama da 200 na masu ba da izini a cikin Sinawa, kuma bisa ga wasu bayanan, yawan su 130 mutane ne.

A watan Afrilu, alligators sun fito daga ɓoye da kwanduna cikin rana don ɗaga zafin jikinsu.

Babban barazanar da ake yiwa jinsin shine asarar mazauna. Mutane suna lalata jikin ruwa da gandun daji, wanda hakan ke cutar da yawan jama'a. Yawancin Sinawa masu ba da izini suna zaune a yankuna da ake tafiyar da aikin noma gabaɗaya. Sauran mutane sun zabi ramuka da tafkunan a cikin gonakin wani karamin lardin na China a matsayin wurin zama, inda rikici ya taso tsakanin su da mutane.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da allurai na kasar Sin ana amfani da su sosai a maganin gargajiya na kasar Sin, kuma fatar jikinsu tana da tsada mai tsada a kasuwar bakar fata. Dangane da wannan, wannan nau'in yana buƙatar kariya ta wajibi, don haka yana cikin Littafin Lissafi.

Idan an sami kuskure, a zabi wani ɗan rubutu sai a danna Ctrl + Shigar.