Matattarar kifin platidora shine kifin kifin ruwa mai ruwa, wakilin dangin kifin kifaye masu kifi
Sun samo wannan sunan ne saboda kasancewar kashin kasusuwa a bangarorin tare da jikin gaba daya, wanda yake haifar da kasusuwa da hakori. Dukkanin kifin an rufe shi da tsananin sikelin abin da zai haifar da daskararren tafiyar. Hakanan, waɗannan kifayen suna da ikon yin sautuna daban-daban, suna tunatar da cizo da nishi. A cikin yanayi na dabi'a, suna faɗakar da dangi game da haɗarin da ke zuwa. Platidoras da ke zaune a cikin akwatin kifin yana samar da waɗannan saututtukan cikin yanayin damuwa ko tsoro.
Yawan fitowar platidoras
Homelandasar asalin waɗannan kifayen sune Kudancin Amurka, an fara gano su a Peru da Brazil. Sun zauna a cikin ruwan Amazon, Orinoco da kwarin kogin Essexibo. Platidoras sun fi son wuraren tafkuna tare da ƙarancin yanzu ko wurare da ruwa mai tsafta. A cikin ƙananan koguna da ciyayi, suna ɓoyewa a ƙarƙashin ragowar bishiyoyin bishiyoyi da tsakanin tsirrai na ruwa, har ila yau, suna binne a cikin yashi mai laushi a ƙasan kogin.
Bayyanar taguwar platidoras
Godiya ga asalinsu na asali, sun sami ƙaunar yawancin masu ruwa da tsaran ruwa kuma sun zama mazaunan shahararrun gidajen ruwa. Hanyoyi biyu masu kyau daban-daban suna shimfiɗa tare da launin ruwan su launin ruwan hoda ko baki. Wadannan rariyoyin sun samo asali ne daga fin din caudal kuma suna haduwa akan kai tsakanin idanu. Jikin yana da siffar elongated da tapers zuwa wutsiya.
Matattarar platidoras (Platydoras costatus).
Abun ciki da kashin fentin fararen fata ne, kazalika da kasan kai. A cikin kifi matasa, launi ya bayyana a sarari da haske, kuma tare da shekaru ya zama mara nauyi da haske. Fasassun haƙoran na da girma kuma suna da haɓaka, suna kuma da ƙaya, kuma a ƙarshen akwai ƙugiya mai kaifi. Gaban gefen ƙusoshin gaba ɗayan tsawon sa yana da farin tsiri. Shugaban platidorasus yana da girma tare da fadi da baki da manyan idanu.
A sama da ƙananan jaws akwai eriyoyi. Pairaramin babba yana da kusan cm 7, ƙaramin gashin baki shine nau'i biyu: akan tarnaƙi (4-5 cm) kuma a tsakiyar (2-3 cm).
Matattarar platidoras da ke zaune a cikin yanayin halitta na iya girma zuwa 24 cm, kuma girma a cikin akwatin kifaye akan matsakaici 15-18 cm tsayi.
Anyi la'akari da su a cikin ɗaruruwan shekaru, a cikin yanayi mai kyau, waɗannan kifayen za su iya rayuwa shekaru 10-15. Banbancin jima'i a cikin wakilan waɗannan kifayen ba su da mahimmanci - galibi maza sun fi ƙanana da kuma siriri fiye da mace.
Platidors na iya iyo na ruwa zuwa saman, mirgine saman zuwa saman tare da ciki don haka tattara abinci daga saman ruwa.
Platidoras ya ɓoye maƙarƙashiya a cikin aikin kulawa. Ga biyu daga irin wannan kifin, akwatin kifaye tare da ƙarfin lita 120-150 ya dace. Matsakaicin zafin jiki a gare su shine 25-27 ° C, pH a cikin kewayon 6.5 - 7, taurin har zuwa 10 °. Ba sa son igiyoyin ƙarfi da haske. Wajibi ne a shigar da adadi mai yawa na snags, tukwane da kayan kwalliya a cikin akwatin kifaye don kifayen suna da mafaka da yawa. Don ƙirƙirar wurare masu inuwa da yankuna tare da haske mara nauyi, tsire-tsire masu iyo da yawa bushes tare da tushen tushen karfi ana sanya su a cikin akwatin kifaye. Kamar yadda ƙasa take, ana amfani da tsakuwa mai laushi da gefuna mai kaifi ko yashi.
An maye gurbin ruwa a ƙarshen sau ɗaya a cikin kowane kwanaki 10-14, akan kudi 30%. Ana buƙatar kyakkyawan yanayin don waɗannan mazaunan akwatin kifaye. Platidoras kifi ne mai lumana; kowane irin kifi, ban da wanda ya fi shi, wanda zai iya lura da shi azaman abinci, zai dace da shi kamar maƙwabta. Kuma godiya ga harsashi, wannan kifayen suna da kyau ko da cichlids masu zafin rai ne.
Yankakken platidoras yana ciyar da dare kawai. Game da rashin abinci, ana cin ƙananan kifi.
Kamar yawancin catfish, wannan nau'in nocturnal. Da rana, ya kan ɓoye a cikin mashigar teku, kawai ya kewaya sau biyu don bincika abubuwan da ke kewaye da su, kuma a ƙarshen lokacin platidor ya zama mai aiki kuma yana fita neman abinci. Kuna iya kallon waɗannan ƙananan mazaunan ƙasa kawai a farkon shekarar rayuwarsu, to, har yanzu suna aiki yayin rana kuma scurry a kewayen akwatin kifaye ba tare da tsayawa ba.
Takobin platidoras ciyar
Waɗannan ƙananan kifayen suna da iko dukansu, saboda haka zaku iya ciyar dasu abinci iri-iri. Kodayake platidoras ba kifi bane wanda ake buƙata don ciyarwa, kuma zai ci kowane abinci, har yanzu kuna buƙatar zaɓar abincin da ya dace. Ya kamata ya ƙunshi furotin da abubuwan gina jiki. Wadannan kifayen suna da farin jini suna cin jini, coronetra, tubule. Irin wannan abincin na iya zama rayayyu da ƙanƙara. Yawancin bushewar ciyarwa a cikin nau'ikann manyan gilashin tebur ko allunan ma sun dace. Tun da kifayen suna da abincin da ba za a ci ba, zai fi kyau a ciyar da su bayan kashe hasken.
Abincin kifin kifin kifaye yakamata ya ƙunshi furotin mai yawa. Kimanin 20-30% na abincin ya kamata ya zama abincin kayan lambu.
Bayanin
Platydoras armatulus shine mafi mashahuri nau'in kifin da za a iya gasa a gida. Wannan nau'ikan ya sha bamban tsakanin wasu don kyawun yanayin waje saboda kasancewar yawancin rabe-rabe tsakanin jiki. Hoton ya fi bayyane a bayyane a cikin kifi matasa. A cikin daji, katon kifi na iya kaiwa girman santimita 20; a cikin rufaffiyar muhalli, shimfidar platidoras yana ƙaruwa zuwa matsakaicin 15 santimita.
Kifayen wannan dangi suna da son ganewa, saboda haka yana da ban sha'awa a dube su. Duk da gaskiyar cewa kifayen baƙar fata ba ne, a gaban yanayi mai gamsarwa a cikin akwatin kifin, mazaunan sa za su yi farin cikin bincika yankunansu. Irin wannan nau'in kifayen da ake amfani da ita sau da yawa don shayar da nau'ikan marine da dabbobin ruwa a cikin tanki ɗaya.
Matattarar platidoras ta fito daga dangin Bronyakov, shima wannan samfirin ana kiran shi bokoshechnikovye catfish. Wannan sunan ya samo asali ne daga yanayin fata na kifi, wanda aka rarrabe shi da ƙarfinsa, a ƙari, wakilan dangi suna da matukar kariya ta occipital da haɓakar kasusuwa a gefen sassan jikin mutum. Akwai dunƙulen lamuran garkuwar da ke ba da kifin kariya mai kyau. Hakanan, ana kiran kifin "waƙoƙi", saboda wannan sunan sautunan da ƙwallan ƙwallan ke fitarwa lokacin taɓa tsarmo a cikin kafada. Kuma ana ƙirƙirar sautsi daga rawar murya na mafitsara iyo.
Platidoras suna da matukar wuya, mutane suna da sikirin jiki, ɗakin kwana. Mata, kamar wasu nau'in kifin, yawanci suna da ƙarin maza. Za'a iya fentin jiki a baki da fari, launin ruwan kasa mai duhu tare da zinari ko wata inuwa. Tashin hankali da daidaikun mutane da ƙananan ɓangarorin ƙasusuwa na da launi mai sauƙi. Kuna iya koya game da shekarun kifayen bisa la’akari da tsabtace launi: yayin da ake yawan bambance layin jikin mutum, yawan shekarun kifayen. Yana da babban kai, idanu da baki kuma suna bayyana ne, plastidorases suna da halayyar gashin-baki a cikin iyali, wanda yake a garesu na bakin. Tsawon rayuwar kifi shine kusan shekaru 20 a cikin yanayin ƙasa, a cikin bauta, tsarin rayuwar yana iya ƙasa da haka.
Irin waɗannan kifayen kayan ado suna da kyau don farawa masu neman ruwa-ruwa, kamar yadda mutane basa buƙatar yanayi na musamman don gyaran gida.
Kiwo platidoras
Cinikin waɗannan kifayen ana yin su ne ta hanyar allurar abubuwa na gonadotropic. Akwai 'yan lokuta kaɗan na nasarar kiwo a gida, kuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, wannan ya faru da ka. A karkashin yanayin halitta, mace ta sanya kwai a kasan kogin ko rafi, a cikin rami da aka haƙa, kuma ta jingina ta zuwa madadin. Yawan qwai ya bambanta kusan 300. Lokacin shiryawa yana ɗaukar kwanaki 3. Bayan kwanaki 5-6, da soya yi iyo kuma ci da nasu. Balagagge na kifin na faruwa bayan shekara guda.
Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.
Yaya ake bambance mace daga namiji?
Wararrun masu shayarwa na kifin kifin na kwalliyar na kwalliya suna ba da shawarar yin jagora ta hanyar bambance-bambancen gani tsakanin wakilan maza da mata na dangi don tantance jinsi. Amma game da platidorases, ya kamata ku kalli mutumin da kuke so daga sama. Mace ta balaga za su zama mafi girma, ƙari, za su yi kauri fiye da “boysa boysa”. Wannan shi ne ainihin babban bambanci tsakanin mace da namiji na katako, wanda ya kamata a jagorance shi da fari.
Dokokin Abun ciki
Don adana kifin a cikin akwatin kifaye, ya kamata a yi amfani da kwantena da aka tsara don ƙarancin lita 100-120. Maharbi mai tsoron dare ya fi son kasancewa a cikin tankuna tare da ƙaramin adadin haske. An bada shawara don rufe saman ruwa tare da tsire-tsire daban-daban. Soms suna buƙatar mafaka, don haka ya kamata a sanya tushen ko snags tare da voids a ƙasan akwatin kifaye, za'a iya amfani da tukwane na yumɓu. A kasan flora ba na tilas bane, amma a gaban sauran kifin gabansa an yarda dashi. Bugu da kari, tsire-tsire na iya samar da ƙarin wuraren inuwa a cikin tanki. Dole ne a rufe kasan da yashi ko tsakuwa da karamin juzu'i.
Don lura da platidoras, zaku iya amfani da fitilar jan jan bakan ko amfani da zaɓin hasken dare, idanun kifayen ba su amsa raƙuman ruwan ja waɗanda za a iya amfani da su cikin duhu ba. Ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye ya kamata ya kasance tare da matakin dacewa na acidity, mafi kyawun ƙimar pH suna cikin kewayon daga 5.8 zuwa 7.5. Don kifin kifi, yana da mahimmanci don kula da yawan zafin jiki koyaushe daga digiri +23 zuwa +30.
A wannan yanayin, yalwar ruwa ya kamata ya kasance a cikin kewayon daga 2 zuwa 20N.
Kula da akwatin kifaye
Domin kifin ya zama lafiya kuma ya haɓaka daidai, kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na adadin ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye dole ne a canza sau ɗaya a mako. Kula da “gidan” kifin kifayen ya kamata kuma a rage shi don tabbatar da kyakkyawan tsaftace ruwa. Wajibi ne a kula da kyakkyawan yanayin domin ruwa a cikin tanda ya yi kamar yadda ya dace da oxygen. Tsire-tsire da ke ƙunshe cikin akwatin kifaye tare da kifi suna buƙatar kulawa. Don yin dadi a cikin kifi don kifi, dukkanin ciyayi na iya gajarta, za a iya cire laka, wanda zai iya girma a kan manyan ganye ko harbe. Platidorases ba sa cin tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye, saboda haka suna ƙarƙashin canje-canje na yau da kullun, ƙananan algae kawai sun dace da amfani.
Yashi ko tsakuwa yakamata ya kasance ƙarami a cikin juzu'i, ya cancanci amfani da kayan tsarkakakke ba tare da ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodi ba.
Me za'a ciyar?
Kifin kifin “waƙa” kifin kifi mutum ne mai iko da kowa, don haka ko da masu noctar masu novice za su iya samar da abincin da ya dace don kifin. Don kiyaye lafiyar platidorases, ana bada shawara don amfani da abincin bushe bushe na masana'antu. Zai iya zama a cikin nau'ikan allunan ko croquettes. Baya ga shi, yakamata ku sayi abinci mai rai ko mai sanyi wanda ya dace da ciyar da magabatan. Zai iya zama jinin jini, tsutsotsi daban-daban, da sauransu. Ana ciyar da ciyar a cikin duhu. Don girma kifin lafiya, yana da daraja a tuna cewa kifayen suna da haɗari ga kiba, don haka ba a bada shawara a shawo kansa ba, tun ma kafin kiwo. Yana yiwuwa a ƙaddara cewa kifin baya buƙatar abinci duk da haka ta ƙoshin ciki. Da zaran ciki na Platidoras ya zama ƙasa, zaka iya ciyar da shi lafiya.
Kiwo
A cikin rufaffiyar kifayen ruwa, kiwo wannan kifin yana da ƙarancin gaske. Laaddamar da ɗabi'a na caviar yana faruwa a cikin tankuna na ado a cikin lokuta kawai, amma saboda wannan, damar da akwatin kifaye ya zama babba. A dabi'a, mace suna sanya ƙwai a cikin koguna da ƙananan koguna. A cikin akwatin kifaye, kifin kifi na iya gina keɓaɓɓen lambun ta yin amfani da ganye, guda na haushi, da sauransu. A cikin irin wannan gida, mutum guda yana neman mafari, na biyu yana iyo don hadi da ɗaukar zuriya daga baya.
Mai farautaccen farashi ya isa lokacin balaga kusan shekaru biyu. Encedwararrun masanyan ruwa domin haɓaka soya, dasa mutane da yawa a cikin wani akwati dabam, inda za'a sami sauƙi kaɗan ga haske, amma kyakkyawar jiyya. An kafa ƙasa mai fashewa a can, inda ba za a sami kusurwoyi masu kaifi. Ana kiyaye zafin jiki na ruwa a cikin kewayon +27 - -27С, yayin da matakinsa bai kamata ya wuce santimita 20 ba. Kafin tsallakewa, ana tura kifin abinci don abinci. Da farko, an dasa namiji zuwa cikin tanki, wanda zai tsunduma cikin gina gidan. Idan wannan bai faru ba, to mace zata iya sanya ƙwai a cikin ramuka na ƙasa a cikin yashi ko tsakuwa. Girman dutsen don masonry yakan bambanta tsakanin santimita 3-10. Don yin saurin huda, mafi yawan lokuta ana dakatar da daskararru na satar fata ko kuma ganyen kwalba. Don kifayen mata, ana iya amfani da maza biyu zuwa hadi.
Yawancin lokaci, mata na platidoras suna kwance kimanin qwai 300, da zaran wannan ya faru, ana ba da shawarar a cire iyayen yaran da ke zuwa daga gidan ruwa. Lokacin shiryawa cikin soya shine 48-722. Tuni a kan kwanaki 5-6, soya za su iya iyo da kuma ci da kansu. Da farko, ana karfafa su su bayar da tatsuniyoyi masu rai, microworms. Predanan dabbobi masu farauta suna haɓaka da hanzari, don haka mai binciken ruwa zai buƙaci ɗan lokaci don sadaukar da kulawa ga zuriya. Da zaran kifi ya kai kashi ɗaya bisa uku na girman kifayen manya, ana iya zaunar dasu a cikin akwatin kifayen haɗuwa.
Dace da sauran kifayen
Kifayen catfish yana nufin ƙananan ƙifayen kifayen waɗanda ba su da halayyar ɗabi'un tashin hankali ga sauran mazaunan akwatin kifaye. Waɗannan mutane ne za a iya tarwatsa su cikin aminci a cikin tankuna masu ma'abuta ɗabi'a inda za a gabatar da babban kifi ko babba a ciki. Koyaya, kusancin ƙananan dabbobi har yanzu yana da daraja watsi, tunda akwai yuwuwar ana ɗaukar su abinci. Matattarar platidorases akan jiki suna da kyawawan makamai, saboda haka basa tsoron koda manyan nau'ikan kayan ado na teku ko kifin kogi. Ana iya ƙara Soma zuwa scalar, a kiyaye tare da goura, tetra, tare da sauran nau'in kifin kifi, cichlids ko cyprinids.
Za a iya kifaye "kifi" a cikin akwatin kifaye a cikin kungiyoyi ko daban-daban, amma a farkon lamari, wasu rikice-rikice suna yiwuwa game da ikon mallakar maza. Ana iya lura da ɓangaren wuraren mafaka a cikin tankuna tare da kifin kifi.
Koyaya, a cikin daji, irin waɗannan mafarautan, akasin haka, sun fi so su zauna cikin ƙungiyoyi, don haka kare kansu daga harin mafi girma, mafi girma da kuma haɗari masu ruwa masu haɗari.
A bidiyo na gaba za ku sami ƙarin bayani game da abubuwan ciki, haifuwa, ciyarwa da kuma karfin jituwa na platidoras.