Armadillo yana daya daga cikin tsoffin wakilan duniyar dabbobi. Masanan dabbobi suna daukar shi dabba mai ban mamaki da ban mamaki. Saboda babban, harsashi mai kauri, yakin an daɗe ana ganin dangi kunkuru ne. Bayan haka, bayan wasu jerin nazarin kwayoyin, an rarrabe su zuwa wani jinsin daban daban da ke ciki, wanda yayi kama da yanayin zafi da gado. A cikin ƙasarsu ta tarihi, a Latin Amurka, ana kiran dabbobi da "armadillo," wanda ke nufin dinosaur na aljihu.
Ina armadillos yake zaune?
Armadillos suna zaune ne a Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka kafin Yankin Magellan, a gabashin Mexico, a Florida, a Georgia da South Carolina zuwa yamma zuwa Kansas, tsibirin na Trinidad, Tobago, Grenada, Margarita. Daban-daban jinsin mazaunan yankuna daban-daban na duniya: savannas, hamada marasa ruwa, guguwar daji da gandun daji, da sauransu Misali, dwarf armadillo Kappler ana samun shi ne kawai a cikin dazuzzukan ruwan sama na Orinoco da kuma kwari na Amazon, shaggy armadillo sananne ne ga tsaunukan Peru a tsawan mita 2,400-3,200, yanayin armadillo mai ban sha'awa ya sami mafaka a cikin yankin Patagonian na Argentina a ko'ina a kudu da Yankin Magellan.
Mafi yawancin nau'ikan burbushin ana samun su a Kudancin Amurka, daga nan ne wannan rukunin ya fito. A hankali, a lokacin da wata gada ta hade tsakanin nahiyoyin guda biyu, armadillos ya mamaye Arewacin Amurka (Anan an samo burbushin halittu na glyptodonts kafin Nebraska). Wadannan burbushin halittun sun lalace, basu barin zuriya a Arewacin Amurka ba. Koyaya, a ƙarshen karni na 19, armadillo mai ladabi tara (Dasypus novemcinctus) yayi saurin zama a yawancin Kudancin Amurka kuma yana zaune a wurin har zuwa yau. A cikin karni na 20 na karni na 20 a cikin Florida, da yawa daga cikin wadannan dabbobin sun tsere daga zoos da kuma daga masu mallaka masu zaman kansu da kafa yawancin namun daji wadanda sannu a hankali suka motsa arewa da yamma.
Armadillo
Armadillo | |||||
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Nine-Belt Armadillo | |||||
Tsarin kimiyya | |||||
Mulkin: | Eumetazoi |
Infraclass: | Platin |
Iyali: | Armadillo |
Armadillo (lat. Dasypodidae) - dangin dabbobi masu shayarwa daga armadillos. Suna zaune a Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka.
Abubuwan Armadillo da mazauninsu
A cikin ƙasarsu, a Latin Amurka, ana kiran armadillos armadillos, ma'ana "dinosaurs aljihu". Wannan magana tana dacewa da bayyanar wannan dabba, amma har da tsawon rayuwarta a duniya.
Armadillos ya bayyana a duniya kusan miliyan 55 da suka gabata. Ba kamar yawancin jinsuna ba, sun rayu kuma suna ci gaba da kiwo. Don tsira, don irin wannan tsawon lokaci, ɗayan harsashi ko makamai sun taimaka musu, daga inda sunan su ya zo.
Dabbobin Armadillo Suna cikin umarnin edentulous. Tabbas hakoran wannan dabbobi masu shayarwa basu da asalinsu da kuma enamel. Basu da incisors da fanks. Zuwa yau, akwai nau'ikan armadillos kusan 20. Gidajen su shine Kudancin Amurka, kuma jinsi ɗaya ne kawai ke zaune a Kudancin Arewacin Amurka.
Dabbobin Armadillo a cikin hoto gane kusan kowane mutum. Kodayake wannan "dinosaur aljihu" dabba ce mai ɗaci, kusan kowa ya san yadda yake.
Akwai wasu halayen da ba a taɓa ganin su har mazauna Latin Amurka ba sa karɓe su a matsayin yaƙe-yaƙe. Suchaya daga cikin irin waɗannan dabbobi kawancen fada.
Wannan nau'in yana da morear ƙarin sunaye - ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda ko yaƙi mai ruwan hoda. Suna zaune ne kawai a cikin yan yankuna na Argentina. Saboda rayuwarsu, sun zabi busassun sandy ciyawa da filayen dazuka da cacti.
A cikin hoto, makaman yaƙi gurgu ne
Faul ruwan hoda shine daya daga cikin mafi karancin wakilan dangin armadillo. Tsawon girman girman jikin mutum shine 9 - 15 cm, kuma suna nauyin kimanin 90 g.
An ɗora shi ga jiki tare da tsiri ɗaya na bakin ciki da ƙari biyu kusa da idanu. Aikin makamai ya ƙunshi faranti baƙin ƙarfe 24. Dabba zai iya yin birgima cikin ball.
Shell ɗin yana yin aikin ba wai kawai aikin kariya ba ne, har ma da tsafta ta jiki. A makamai yana kawai a baya, kamar alkyabbar. Ragowar jikin (ciki da gefuna na jikin) an rufe shi da kauri mai kauri. Wannan rigar siliki tana daɗaɗa armadillo a daren sanyi.
Akwai wani wutsiya mai ruwan hoda a cikin armadillo, wanda ke ba shi ɗan gani mai kyan gani. Tsawon wannan wutsiyar ta kai santimita 2.5 - 7. Tare da girman karancinta, dabbar ba ta da ikon dauke shi, saboda haka ana jan jan wutsiyar a bayan qasa.
Mucks na ruwan hoda mai ƙare yana ƙare da hanci mai kaifi. Idanun dabbobi suna kanana, tunda wannan nau'in yana ciyar da mafi yawan rayuwarsa a ɓoye kuma yakan fita da dare.
Kafafuwan gaba suna da ƙarfi fiye da kafafun hular, saboda suna matuƙar kayan aiki don haƙa ramuka. Kowane paw yana da yatsu 5, waɗanda ke sanye da dogaye masu ƙarfi. Kwanyar kwanyar dabbar nan na bakin ciki ne, saboda haka shugaban shine mafi ƙarancin tabo.
Mazaunin Armadillo
Yankunan rarraba waɗannan dabbobin sune Paraguay, Bolivia, Argentina. Mazauna karkara sun daɗe da wargaza armadillos, tunda ana ɗaukar namansu abinci ne mai ɗanɗano, amma yawan waɗannan dabbobin suna da yawa sosai, saboda haka ba su gab da hallakarwa. Daga cikin wasu yan gari akwai imani game da karfin tsafin armadillos, saboda haka suna kashe dabbobi don yin allurai daga kasusuwan su.
Amma ba wai kawai saboda wannan, Armadillas sun mutu. Armadillos basu da tsaro. Da rana sukan ɓoye a cikin ramuka, da dare sukan fita daga can zuwa sama don su ɗumi abinci. Yawancin lokaci, da dawowa, ba za su iya samun tsohuwar mafaka ba sai su tona sabon wurare da burrows. Sakamakon filin, filayen cike suke da abubuwan ban sha'awa da armadillos ya yi. Dawakai masu kiwo, barayin shanu sun faɗi cikin waɗannan ramuka kuma sun karya ƙafafunsu, wanda, hakika, masu mallakarsu ba sa so. Wannan shine wani dalilin sake rushewar armadillos.
Duk da jinkirin da suke yi, lokacin da suke bin armadillos mai taurin kai, suna kokarin hanzarta binne kansu cikin ƙasa, kuma suna iya aikatawa daidai. Idan saboda wasu dalilai dabba ba ta da lokacin tono rami da ɓoyewa daga haɗari, to, ana matsa shi zuwa ƙasa, yana ɓoye sassan jikin mutum mai laushi da kwaskwarima, yana mai da shi ga maƙiyin.
Babban hatsari ga armadillos motoci ne. Wannan ya faru ne saboda sassauyar da dabbobi ke yi. Kasancewa a cikin ƙasa, yana jin sautin wata motar da ke wuce shi, tana birgima sama, kusan a tsaye, yayin da take murƙushe ƙarshen motar motsi, wacce ke ƙare da dabbar.
Bayanin
Armor ya ƙunshi faranti guda huɗu masu motsi waɗanda aka rufe da fata keratinized (Sikeli). Wannan sikelin (osteoderm) yana ba da laushi mai laushi amma mai tsauri. Armor yana kusan kashi 16% na nauyin jikin mutum kuma an kasu kashi uku: bangarorin biyu, ƙashin gwiwa, kafada, da baya. Adadin gungun bayyane na iya bambanta daga 8 zuwa 11. Kowane yanki ya raba ta bakin ciki da hairs. Osteoderm yana girma kuma yana yin ta ci gaba, amma ba zai shuɗe gaba ɗaya ba. Matsakaicin tsayin jikinsa shine 0.75 m. Tsawon wutsiyar matsakaici yakai kimanin 0.3 m, an rufe shi da zoben 12 - 15 na ma'auni (osteoderm).
An rufe kansa a hankali tare da Sikeli mai ƙanshi, in ban da kunnuwa. Ana kiyaye su ta hanyar fata da m fata. Hakanan babu alamun makamai a kan soles. Fuskar elongated tana da launin ruwan hoda mai launi kuma yayi kama da alade a siffar. Fuskokin, wuyan ciki da ciki an lullube su da ɗan adadin gashi. Armadillos mai ladabi tara da kafafu yana da gajerun kafafu: yatsun kafa 4 a gaban da yatsun kafa biyar a bayan.
Jimlar adadin hakora suna cikin kewayon daga 28 zuwa 32. Su talakawa ne, ƙanana kaɗan da silima a sifa. Haifa ta girma cikin rayuwar armadillo. Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da dogaye masu magana da harshe waɗanda suke amfani da su don kama kwari.
Yawan nauyin maza shine 5.5 - 7.7 kg, da mata - daga kilo 3.6 zuwa 6.0. Zafin jiki yana ƙasa, a cikin 30 ° - 35 ° C. Da aka ba da yawan su, armadillos yana da ƙarancin matakan metabolism na 384.4 kJ / rana.
Asalin gani da kwatancin
Dabbobin suna cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa. An sanya su ga tawagar armadillos. Masana kimiyya suna da'awar cewa waɗannan dabbobin sun bayyana a bayan ƙasa a zamanin dinosaur. Wannan kusan shekaru miliyan 50-55 kenan. Yakin basuda bai canza sosai ba tun daga wancan lokacin, saidai banda raguwa mai girman gaske.
Tsohon magabatan wannan nau'in ya kai tsawon mita fiye da uku. Wadannan wakilan flora da fauna sunyi nasarar rayuwa da kuma tabbatar da kamanninsu na asali saboda kasancewar harsashi da aka yi da farantin kasusuwa, wanda ya dogara da shi ta hanyar makiya da bala'o'i.
Yankin
Ana samun armadillos tara na sarauta a cikin Kudu, Tsakiya da Arewacin Amurka, kuma suna da mafi yawan mazauna a tsakanin jinsunan dangin armadillo, daga Argentina da Uruguay, ta hanyar Amurka ta tsakiya da kuma Kudancin Amurka.
Bayyanarce da halayyar bataliyar
Da gani yana nuna yadda armadillo yake, hoto. Ya nuna cewa wannan dabba mai launin shuɗi ne mai launin shuɗi. Sashin sama na kai, wutsiya, baya an rufe shi da harsashi, wanda ya ƙunshi garkuwa 4 da 6. A cikin tsakiyar baya abin da ake kira belts - layuka masu juzu'i na farantin motsi. Yawancin lokaci akwai 6 ko 7, suna da siffar madaidaici-hudu.
A ƙarƙashin idanun, waɗanda suke kan faɗin kai da faffadan kai, akwai kuma garkuwa, amma a tsaye suke. Tsarin 6-mai sikelin wanda aka saba dashi yana zaune a gaban goshi a saman ɓangarorin paws. Armadillos suna da dogon yatsu a kan goshinsa, wanda ke taimaka wa dabbobin nan su tona burgo da wurare a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. A kan gaba da forelimbs - 5 claws.
Ko da a wannan ɓangaren ɓangaren jiki inda babu ƙarfin sikeli na makamai, fatar fata tana da ƙarfi sosai. Ta wrinkled, warty, an rufe shi da m gashi. Irin wannan gashin yana tsiro a bayan baya, yana yin hanyarsa tsakanin layuka na faranti. Abin da ya sa ake kiran waɗannan armadillos "bristly".
Armadillas suna da hakora 16-18, 8-9 akan kowane muƙamuƙi. Abin sha'awa, hakora basu da rufin enamel da asalinsu. Dabba tana da dogon wutsiya, a matsakaici - 24 cm, jikin wani mutum na iya kaiwa rabin rabin tsayi. Jikin zafin jiki na jikin armadillos na iya bambanta. Ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki na iska.
Hanyar rayuwa mara amfani da wayewar kai da kuma yanayin ƙasa sun haifar da gaskiyar cewa bristle armadillos suna da mafi kyawun wari da ji, hangen nesa ba zai yi alfahari da irin wannan girman ba. Armadillos yana buƙatar iskar oxygen fiye da sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa iri ɗaya. Hanyoyin jiragen sama na armadillos suna cike da wuta, sune tafukan iska. Sabili da haka, waɗannan dabbobin ba za su iya yin numfashi ba na mintina da yawa, wanda yake da amfani sosai ga salon rayuwa ta ƙasan-ƙasa.
Duk waɗannan halayen sun taimaka wa jinsunan armadillos su rayu a zamanin bala'o'i, don haka wannan asalin ya rayu shekaru miliyan 55! Ba abin mamaki bane ana kiran waɗannan dabbobin "dinosaurs aljihu." Bayan haka, magabatan nesa na yaƙe-yaƙe sun rayu a zamanin dinosaur.
Tsammani rayuwa da haifuwar armadillos
Game da marsupials, kasancewar latent zamani halayyar mace ce na armadillos. A wannan yanayin, bayan hadi, amfrayo na wani lokaci an dakatar da shi cikin ci gaba, kasancewa cikin jikin mahaifiyar. Haihuwar kanta a cikin mace yana kimanin watanni biyu, mafi yawan lokuta a cikin shekara 2 litters.
A sakamakon kowannensu, ana yin 2a 2an 2 sau biyu - namiji da mace. An riga an gan su kuma suna kama da iyayensu - an kuma rufe su da ƙaho mai ƙaho, amma har yanzu yana da taushi, amma nan da nan za a taurara. Uwa tana ciyar da su madara har tsawon wata daya, sannan kuma 'yayansu suka fara barin ramin a hankali suka saba da abincin da suka manyanta.
Lokacin da shekara 2, armadillos mai gurguzu ya balaga da jima'i kuma yaci gaba da tseren su. Kirkirar armadillos na zaune cikin vivo a matsakaicin shekaru 10-16. A cikin bauta, wannan adadi ya fi girma; akwai lokuta yayin da waɗannan dabbobin suka rayu har zuwa shekaru 23.
Kiwo
Armadillos an hango dabbar ta hanyar canjin lokacin bazara. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, dabbobi ne kadai, don haka kusancin mace da namiji ba sabon abu bane. An yi imanin cewa namiji yana da wannan kusancin ga mace don neman hakkinta da kare ta daga sauran maza. A wasu halaye, maza suna yin faɗa don mace ɗaya. Wataƙila kasancewa da kusanci yana bawa namiji damar sanin lokacin da mace zata iya fuskantar matse. Cire daga glandin anal na iya samun wari daban daban yayin estrus.
Mace suna da babban yawan ƙwayar cuta na waje, yayin da maza kuma basu da yawan ƙwayar cuta ta waje kuma gwaje-gwajen na ciki ne. Yawancin mata suna da estrus sau ɗaya a shekara, yawanci a farkon lokacin bazara. Yayin lokacin haihuwa, kwai daya ne kacal. Blastocysts suna wanzuwa cikin mahaifa na kimanin makonni 14 kafin a fashe. Wato, lokacin da abin da ya ɓoye daga bangon mahaifa, ya kasu kashi 4 na tayi. Kowane amfrayo yana girma a cikin motsinsa na amniotic. Wannan tsarin tayi kusan shine koyaushe yakan haifar da haihuwar dabbobi guda hudu.
Cubs galibi ana haihuwar su a farkon bazara, bayan watanni 4 na ciki. Jinkirta jinkirin ba da damar zuriya su bayyana a lokacin bazara idan tayi dumin abinci kuma abinci yayi yawa.
Lokacin haihuwa, armadillos yayi kama da iyayensu, ƙarami ne. Idanu suna buɗewa da sauri, amma ajiyar su ta taurare ne kawai bayan fewan makonni. Ana samun cikakkiyar haɓaka da balaga yayin shekaru 3 zuwa 4.
Halin da rayuwar armadillo
Can inda dabba armadillo ke zaune, ƙasa yana ɗauke da ƙasa mai yashi. Sun gina gidajensu kusa da maganin tazara. Kusa da inda abinci yake.
Rayuwar kai kaɗai. Tare da sauran wakilan wannan nau'in suna sadarwa ne kawai a lokacin kiwo. Dukkanin hasken rana ana kashewa a cikin ɓoye, kuma da dare ne kawai aka zaɓa don farauta.
Dangerarancin haɗarin yana tsoratar da rawar ruwan hoda. Maƙiyi nan da nan ya binne kanta a cikin yashi. A saboda wannan, 'yan mintoci kaɗan sun ishe su, ba tare da dalili ba ana ɗaukar su ƙwararrun diggers. Tare da taimakon dogayen kiba sai suka yi yashi.
Daga gefe, waɗannan motsi suna kama da iyo. Masu yin iyo a cikin yashi daidai suke a cikin motsinsu kuma suna kare kawunansu daga datti yayin tono ramuka. Ana amfani da ƙafafun Hind ne kawai don matsawa gaba ƙasa.
Don ceton kansu daga abokan gaba, armadillos suna amfani da wayo da ɓarna. Idan maharbi ya yanke shawarar shiga ramin su, yaƙin zai toshe ƙofar da kwanon ƙasusuwa.
Yana kama da abin toshe hanyar da ke ciki, kuma maƙiyin ba shi da damar samun abin da ya ci. Idan kuna son samun dabbar dabbobi kuma ku yanke shawara saya dabba armadillo, san cewa yanayin dakin don gyarawa ba zai yi aiki ba.
Duk nau'ikan armadillos za'a iya kiyaye su, amma nau'ikan 2 ne kawai suka fi dacewa. Dabbobin da aka girma a cikin bauta, masu sauƙi fiye da dangi na daji suna saba wa mutane, ba su ƙaunarsu, dariya mai ban dariya da yanayi mai ban mamaki. Don haka don rawar Pet armadillo Ball mai dacewa sau tara da bel uku.
Guda tara-belted yaƙi yana da haɓaka mai ma'ana. Aboki ne na sadarwa, wanda abin farin ciki ne a kallo. Kwallan armadillo daidai yake da tara-belted.
Yana jagoranci rayuwa mai aiki, mai sabawa da sanin ubangijinsa. A lokaci mai tsawo, ya zama gabaɗaya. Kuna iya wasa tare da shi. Ya amsa da sunan barkwanci da gudu bayan ubangijinsa.
Dukkan nau'ikan biyu basu nuna alamun tashin hankali ga mutane ba kuma ana samun sauƙin daidaita su cikin sabon yanayin.Amma bai kamata kuyi tsammanin cewa yakin zai aiwatar da umarni ba, tunda ba shi da ƙimar musamman.
Armadillo Power
Babban menu na bataliyar ya ƙunshi kwari, tsutsotsi, katantanwa da ƙananan larabci. Wannan dabbobin mafarauta ne. Wannan abincin dabbobi na tsinkaye akan tururuwa da larvae, don haka gidanta, mafi yawan lokuta, yana can nesa da anthills.
A cikin abincin wannan abincin dabbobi masu shayarwa kuma akwai abincin shuka, kodayake a cikin adadi kaɗan fiye da abincin dabbobi. Partungiyar masu cin ganyayyaki a cikin menu ta ƙunshi ganye da tushen tsirrai.
A cikin hoto, saurayi armadillo
Rayuwa & Habitat
Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan masana kimiyya ba su yin nazari sosai. Yawancin dabbobi suna yin rayuwar da ba ta dace ba, amma ayyukan na iya bambanta dangane da yanayin da kuma shekarun cin nasarar yaƙi. Matasa matasa na iya barin ramuka da sassafe ko kuma kusa da abincin dare. A lokacin sanyi, dabbobi ma suna aiki yayin rana.
Dabbobin sun gwammace su zauna shi kaɗai kuma lokaci-lokaci suna haɗuwa cikin nau'i-nau'i. Yawancin rana ana kashewa cikin ɓoyewa, kuma da dare sukan fita su ci abinci. Suna motsawa a hankali kuma a hankali, sau da yawa suna tsayawa don jin ƙanshi.
Ganin su yayi kadan. Hannun kafafu na hutawa a kan kafa, kuma forets a kan tukwicin yatsan. Yankin mai kaifi mai yawa yana hana motsi da sauri, amma yayin da maharan suka kai hari za su iya haɓaka saurin hanzari a ɓoye cikin rami ko a cikin kurmi mai yawa.
Armadillos yakan zama ganima ga dabbobi daban-daban: Wolves, coyotes, bears, lynxes da jaguars. Hakanan mutane suna farautarsu, suna lalata dabbobi saboda nama mai taushi, wanda yake dandani kamar naman alade da ƙwararren ƙwallo na musamman, ana amfani dashi wajen kera kayan kida na kiɗan.
Latin Amurka ana daukarta wurin haifan dabbar, amma armadillo ya zauna Har ila yau a Kudancin, Tsakiya da Arewacin Amurka, har da Mexico. A cikin ƙasashe da yawa, dabba tana ƙarƙashin kariyar ƙasa, kuma an ma jera wasu nau'ikan da yawa a cikin littafin Red, amma duk da wannan suna ci gaba da lalata. Gaskiya ne game da manyan mutane, waɗanda suka zama da wuya sosai. Ana iya ganin kwano ƙananan mutane, tare da tsawon 18 zuwa 80 cm.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da yakin
Dabbobin Armadillo na Amurka babban shago ne na abubuwa masu ban mamaki:
- Suna bacci har zuwa awanni 14-19 a rana.
- Sun ga komai cikin baki da fari.
- Zasu iya riƙe numfashinsu, saboda abinda suke ɓoyewa daga masu ɓoye a ƙasan tafki kuma suna tafiya da ƙafa.
- Su ne kaɗai dabbobi a tsakanin dabbobi masu shayarwa da cutar kuturta.
- Ba sa tsoron mutane, kuma suna iya hawa cikin gidajen neman abinci.
- Mace a karkashin mawuyacin hali na iya jinkirta ci gaban ciki.
- Lokacin da dabba ta haƙa rami, ba ya numfashi, har ƙasa ta shiga cikin maɓallin numfashi.
- Ada havean manya suna da ƙanshin gaske, suna iya jin daɗin ganima ko da nisan 10-15 cm a ƙasa.
- Tsawon kambori a yatsan tsakiyar wata katuwar armadillo ya kai 18 cm. Dabbobin sun iya harzuka bishiyar bishiyoyin da gandun dajin don neman abinci.
- Amfanin gwagwarmayar yaƙi ya fi lahani. Suna lalata alƙawaran ƙasar noma.
- Harshen burbushin dabbobi na iya zama da zurfi sosai, kuma sun kai mita 5-7, suna da rassa da sassa daban daban, kuma an rufe ƙasa da bushewar ganye.
- Maza, suna tabbatar da fifikonsu akan akasin jinsi, na iya shirya yaƙe-yaƙe. Suna ƙoƙari su doke abokin hamayya a bayansu don samun damar shiga wuraren da ba a kiyaye su ba.
Sanannen abu ne cewa armadillo mai gurguzu baya gina gidansa da kaifi mai kaifi, amma tare da kan sa. Dabbar tana saka shi cikin ƙasa ya fara juyawa, kamar dai yana zubewa a ciki. Don haka, ba wai kawai ya haƙa rami ba ne, amma kuma lokaci guda yakan sami abinci ya ci.
Bayyanar fasali da fasali
Hoto: Dabbobin Armadillo
Kwatancen waɗannan dabbobin na musamman sun ta'allaka ne a cikin kwasfa. Ya ƙunshi sassan da yawa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da juna: kai, kafada da ƙashin ƙugu. An bayar da haxin ne ta masana'anta na roba. Saboda wannan, dukkanin sassan suna da isasshen motsi. Hakanan akan jikin akwai wasu launuka masu launin zoben da ke rufe bayanta da bangarorin. Dangane da kasancewar irin wannan maƙeran, ɗayan nau'in ana kiransa bel. A waje, an rufe kwasfa tare da tube, ko murabba'ai na epidermis.
Hakanan ana kiyaye garkuwar mahallin dabbar. An rufe ɓangaren wutsiya tare da faranti na kasusuwa ƙasusuwa. Abun ciki da na ciki na wata gabar jiki suna da laushi masu laushi da fata, an rufe su da gashi mai wahala. Gashi kuma na iya rufe faranti na fata wanda ke saman harsashi.
Dabbobi na iya samun launi iri-iri. Daga launin ruwan kasa mai duhu zuwa ruwan hoda mai haske. Abun gyaran gashi na iya zama duhu, launin toka, ko fari gaba ɗaya. Yankin na yaƙi, duk da ƙaramin girman sa, yana da squat, elongated da body body mai nauyi. Tsawon jikin mutum ya bambanta daga 20 zuwa 100 cm .. Jikin jikinsa shine kilogram 50-95.
Tsawon wutsiyar jikin shine 7 cm5 santimita. Takalmar murfin armadillos bata da girman dangi ga jiki. Zai iya zama zagaye, elongated, ko triangular a siffar. Idanun suna kanana, an rufe su da karen fata, kauri mai girma na gashin idanu.
Hannun dabbobi suna gajeru, amma suna da ƙarfi. An tsara su don tono manyan ramuka. Goyon baya na iya zama yatsu uku ko yatsu biyar. A yatsunsu akwai dogaye, kaifi da kuma lankwashe. Kafafun dabbar dabbar yana da yatsun kafa biyar. Amfani da shi kawai don motsi ta hanyar burrows na ƙasa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa. Armadillos sune kawai dabbobi masu shayarwa waɗanda basu da daidaitaccen adadin hakora. A cikin mutane daban-daban, yana iya zama daga 27 zuwa 90. Yawan su ya dogara da jinsi, shekaru, da kuma nau'in halitta.
Hako yana girma cikin rayuwa. A cikin rami na baki akwai dogon harshe wanda aka rufe da sinadarin viscous, wanda dabbobi ke amfani da shi wajen kama abinci. Armadillos suna da kyakkyawar ji da ji ƙanshi. Hangen nesa a cikin wadannan dabbobin bashi da cigaba. Ba sa ganin launi, suna bambance silhouettes kawai. Dabbobin ba sa yin haƙuri da ƙarancin zafi, kuma zafin jiki na jikinsu ya dogara da yanayin zafin jiki, kuma yana iya kasancewa daga digiri 37 zuwa 31.
Kirkiro Armadillos a Zoo na Moscow
Idan baku niyyar zuwa Kudancin Amurka ba, amma kuna son ganin wadannan dabbobi masu ban mamaki da idanunku, to sai ku ziyarci Zoo na Moscow. An fara ganin dabba ta farko a nan cikin shekarar 1964. Amma dabba ba ta zauna a nan dindindin, amma an kawo shi na ɗan lokaci, a zaman wani ɓangare na dabbobi "masu tafiya". Ya kasance mai halartar laccoci tare da nuna dabbobi.
A shekarar 1975, rukunin '' ziyarar '' suka sake zuwa gidan zu. A cikin su akwai mace da namiji daga bataliyar tara-bel. Amma zuriyarsu da aka yi tsammani daga wurin bauta ba a karɓa ba. A cikin 1985, wannan m tawagar sun hada da riga-gizon armadillos 7 wanda ya isa daga Buenos Aires. Sannan aka tura su zuwa ga Riga Zoo.
Tun daga shekara ta 2000, armadillos ke zama a cikin gidan ajiyar dabbobi akai-akai. An zaunar dasu tare da alamura a cikin shinge na "Toothless", wanda zasu iya dacewa sosai. Wannan wurin shakatawa yana tsakanin tsohuwar da sabuwar ƙasa, kusa da gada.
Featureaya daga cikin fasalin mai ban sha'awa na armadillo mai gurguzu ya haifar da rashin fahimta. Dabba kawai ya so yin bacci a bayanta, yayin wannan hutawa da sauri yana yatsun kafafu. Baƙi suna tunanin yakin bai yi kyau ba, kuma suka ruga don neman ma'aikatan gidan don neman taimako. Wannan ya faru sau da yawa. Saboda haka, ma'aikatan sun yanke shawarar yin rubutu, yana cewa dabba kawai tana son yin bacci a bayanta, kuma yanzu irin wannan rashin fahimta ba ta faruwa.
Yana da ban sha'awa idan aka lura da yadda ake kwance a hankali a hankali, kawai a hankali yana motsa sama da rassan, kuma armadillos yayi sauri a ƙasa.
Ana ciyar da ɗakin gidan bishiyar arristillos tare da ƙwai, nama, madara, cuku gida, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, sabo' ya'yan itaciya, hatsi. Duk wannan an gauraye, an kara wasu kayan aikin, sannan dabbobin suna farin cikin cin wannan magani.
Ina yakin yake?
Hoto: Armadillo a Kudancin Amurka
Yankunan yanki na mazaunin dabbobi:
- Amurka ta Tsakiya
- Kudancin Amurka
- Gabashin Mexico
- Florida
- Jojiya
- South Carolina,
- Tsibirin Trinidad,
- Tsibirin Tobago,
- Tsibirin Margarita
- Tsibirin Grenada
- Kasar Argentina
- Kasar Chile
- Paraguay
A matsayin wurin zama, armadillos ya zaɓi yanayin ƙasa mai zafi, zafi, bushe. Zasu iya rayuwa a yankin dazuzzukan daji, da kwari, da kwari na maɓuɓɓugar ruwa, da yankuna masu karancin ciyayi. Hakanan zasu iya rayuwa a wuraren shakatawa, yankuna na gandun daji, hamada.
Daban-daban nau'ikan bayanai daga wakilan duniyar dabba sun zabi yankin su da yanayin rayuwarsu. Misali, armadillo na furry shine mazaunin dutse. Tana iya hawa zuwa tsawan mita 2000-3500 sama da matakin teku.
Ba a kunyatar da yakin ba kusa da kusancin mutum. Spherical armadillos ana rarrabe su da halayyar mai amfani da damuwa. Za a iya samun amfani da akai kusanci da mutum. Idan kuma ya ciyar da shi kuma bai nuna zalunci ba, zai iya wasa da shi. Dabbobi suna da ikon yin saurin shiga da kuma saba da sabon yanayin lokacin da suke canza wurin zama.
Menene armadillo yake ci?
Hoto: Mammal Armadillo
Lokacin da yake rayuwa a cikin yanayin halitta, yana cin abinci na dabba da asalin shuka. Babban tushen abincin da armadillos yayi amfani da shi tare da mafi girman jin daɗin rayuwa shi ne tururuwa da tururuwa. Yawancin nau'in armadillos sune omnivores. Gasar tara bel-belted an ɗauke shi azaman kwari.
Abinda ya ƙunshi a cikin abincin:
Zasu iya ciyar da kanan dabbobin da ba su dace ba, kamar su gwari. Kada ku ƙi cinyewa, ɓarin abinci, kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa. Gswai na tsuntsaye suke ci. Kamar yadda abincin tsire-tsire, zai iya cinye ganye mai kyau, kazalika da tushen nau'ikan tsire-tsire iri daban-daban. Galibi ana samun lokuta na kai hari a kan macizai. Suna kai musu hari, suna yankan gawar maciji da kaifin sikeli da sikeli.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa. Adultaya daga cikin manya yana da ikon cinye tururuwa kusan dubu 35 a lokaci guda.
Don bincika kwari, dabbobi suna amfani da madafan iko tare da babban falo, wanda suke haƙa ƙasa da tono su. Lokacin da suke jin yunwa, sai suyi ƙasa a hankali da murfinsu ƙasa kuma suna jujjuya ciyayin bushewa. ,Arfin iko, kaifi mai kaifi ya ba ka damar dasa bishiyoyi bushe, kututture da tattara ƙuraje masu ƙwaya da ke ɓoye a wurin.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa. Manyan, maƙallan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi suna iya ma sa kwalta.
Sau da yawa, armadillos suna yin ramuka a kusa da manyan rigakafi, saboda kuɗin da kuka fi so koyaushe yana kusa. Guguwar da ke ɗaure kusan tara ita ce ɗayan waɗannan nau'in waɗanda ma za su iya cin abinci mai yawa ta hanyar tururuwa na wuta. Dabbobin basu tsoron tsoron cizonsu. Sukan haƙa anthills, suna cin abinci da tururuwa mai yawa da lardin su. A cikin hunturu, tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, lokacin da kusan wuya a sami kwari, sai su canza zuwa abincin shuka.
Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa
Hoto: Littafin Battleship
Dabbobi suna jagorar rayuwar dare mai amfani. Matasa matasa na iya zama masu aiki yayin hasken rana. Tare da fara yanayin sanyi da raguwar wadataccen abinci, suna kuma iya barin gidajensu yayin rana don neman abinci.
A mafi yawan halayen, armadillos dabbobi ne kaɗaita. Tare da banbancin da ba a saba dasu ba, wanzu cikin nau'i-nau'i ko kuma wani ɓangaren ƙaramin rukuni. Mafi yawan lokutan da suke kashewa a cikin ɓoye a cikin ƙasa, suna fita da farkon duhu don neman abinci.
Kowane dabba ya mamaye wani yanki. Armadillos yayi wasu burus da yawa a cikin mazauninsu. Yawan su na iya zama daga 2 zuwa 11-14. Tsawon kowane rami na karkashin kasa ya kai mita daya zuwa uku. A kowane rami, dabba tana ciyarwa daga wasu ranakun zuwa wata daya bi da bi. Burrows yawanci m, located a kwance a saman duniya. Kowannensu yana da ƙofar guda ɗaya ko biyu. Mafi yawan lokuta, saboda rashin kyawun gani bayan farauta, dabbobi ba sa iya samun ƙofar gidansu kuma suna yin sabo. A lokacin juji, dabbobi suna kare kawunansu daga yashi. Hannun kafafun Hind basa shiga cikin ramuka.
Kowane dabba ya bar alama tare da takamaiman wari a cikin mazauninsa. Asirin yana ɓoye ta glandon na musamman waɗanda aka tattara a wasu sassan jikin mutum. Armadillos ƙwararrun masu iyo ne. Babban nauyi a jiki da kuma harsashi mai nauyi basa tsoma baki yayin yin iyo, saboda dabbobi suna sha iska mai yawa, wanda zai hana su nutsewa zuwa gindin.
Dabbobin suna da kamar naƙuda ne, marasa kunya da saurin jinkiri. Idan sun ji haɗarin, za su iya binne kansu nan da nan a cikin ƙasa. Idan dabba ta tsoratar da wani abu, sai ta yi sama sosai. Idan, lokacin da hadari ya gabato, yakin ba shi da lokaci don binne kansa a cikin ƙasa, sai ya manne a jikinsa, ya ɓoye kansa, gabobinsa da wutsiyarsa a ƙarƙashin harsashi. Wannan hanyar kariyar kai ta sanya basu iya kaiwa ga kaiwa ga kaiwa hari ba. Hakanan, idan ya cancanta, kubuta daga bi zai iya haɓaka madaidaiciya mai sauri.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hoto: Matasa armadillo
Lokacin aure lokaci ne na lokaci, galibi a lokacin bazara. Maza sun jima suna kulawa da mace. Bayan balaga, ciki na faruwa, wanda yakai kwanaki 60-70.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa. Bayan samuwar tayi cikin mata, ci gabanta yayi jinkiri. Tsawon lokacin wannan jinkiri ya kasance daga watanni da yawa zuwa shekara daya da rabi zuwa shekaru biyu.
Irin wannan tsari ya zama dole domin 'ya' yan su bayyana a lokacin yanayin damuna mai kyau, wanda zai haɓaka damar rayuwan cuban.
Dangane da jinsin kuwa, mace daya da ta manyanta tana iya haihuwar oneaya zuwa hudu zuwa biyar. Haihuwar zuriya tana faruwa sama da sau ɗaya a shekara. Haka kuma, daya bisa uku na mata da suka manyanta ba sa shiga cikin haihuwa kuma ba sa haihuwa. An haife yara ƙanana kaɗan. Kowannensu a lokacin haihuwa yana gani kuma yana da taushi, ba keratinized harsashi. Yana fitar gaba daya ta kusan watanni shida zuwa bakwai.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa. Wasu nau'ikan dabbobi, ciki har da armadillos mai ladabi tara, suna iya samar da tagwayen kwaya. Ko da kuwa yawan sanyen da aka Haifa cikin duniya, dukkansu za su zama mace ko namiji kuma za su yi haɓaka daga kwai ɗaya.
Bayan 'yan awanni bayan haihuwa sun fara tafiya. Tsawon shekara daya da rabi, thean sandansu suna ciyar da nono. Field na watan, a hankali suna barin rami kuma sun shiga cikin abincin manya. Zamanin balaga na maza da mata yana farawa ne lokacin da suka kai shekara ɗaya da rabi zuwa biyu.
A wasu halaye, idan mace ba ta da madara, kuma babu abin da za ta ciyar da 'ya'yan a cikin fargaba, za ta iya cin abincin kanta. Matsakaicin rayuwar rayuwa a cikin yanayin rayuwa shine shekaru 7-13, a cikin bauta yana ƙara shekaru 20.
Makiyan bayin armadillos
Hoto: Dabbobin Armadillo
Duk da gaskiyar cewa yanayi ya ba da damar armadillos tare da ingantaccen kariya, suna iya zama ganima na manyan da kuma masu ƙarfi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da wakilan masu farautar ɗan itacen feline da dangin canine. Alligators, crocodiles kuma iya farautar armadillos.
Armadillos baya tsoron kusancin ɗan adam. Saboda haka, karnukan gida da karnuka ke farautarsu. Hakanan dalilin zubar da dabbobi mutum ne. An kashe shi don manufar cire nama da sauran sassan jikin mutum wanda aka sanya kayan gado da kayan adon mata.
Sanadin wargajewar mutane shine cutar da dabbobi. Garkunan makiyaya waɗanda ramuka da ramuka na armadillos sune sanadin fashewar ƙafafuwar dabbobi. Wannan ya tilasta wa manoma wargaza dabbobi.Yawancin dabbobi sun mutu a ƙarƙashin ƙafafun motocin da ke kan babbar hanya.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
Hoto: Yakin Batsa a Kudancin Amurka
Zuwa yau, hudu daga cikin nau'ikan armadillos da suke wanan an lissafa su a cikin Littafin Tarihi na Duniya. Masana ilimin dabbobi suna yin jayayya cewa daya daga cikin jinsin, yakin uku da ke da wuya, an riga an gama kare shi gaba daya. Wannan shi ne saboda karancin yawan haihuwa. Kashi uku na mata da suka manyanta ba su da haihuwa. Wasu nau'in armadillos na iya haifuwa har zuwa cubaya goma. Koyaya, wani ɓangaren daga cikinsu yana tsira.
Tsawon lokaci mai tsawo, Amurkawa sun lalata armadillos saboda nama mai daɗi mai daɗi. A yau, a Arewacin Amurka, har yanzu ana ɗaukar namansu a matsayin babban abin ci. A cikin shekarun 20-30 na karni na 20 an kira su rago kuma sun sanya hannun jari, suna lalata dabbobi. Hanyar kariyar kai ta hanyar kwasfa shine ke sa su zama ganima ga yan Adam, tunda basa gudu, amma kuma, kawai a tara su. Daya daga cikin dalilan kauda nau'in halittar shi ne lalata yanayin rayuwa, da kuma lalata bishiyoyi.
Armadillo Garkuwa
Hoto: Armadillo daga Littafin Lemo
Don kiyaye jinsunan da haɓaka yawansu, hudu daga cikin halittun dabbobi guda shida da aka ambata a cikin littafin tarihi na Red Book tare da matsayin "nau'in haɗari". A cikin mazaunan fadace-fadace, an hana lalacewarsu, kuma lalata ciyawar ma an iyakance shi.
Armadillo dabba ce mai ban mamaki wacce ta sami suna don girmamawa ga sojan Spain, waɗanda suke sanye da kayan adon ƙarfe. Suna da iko na musamman don tafiya cikin ruwa don riƙe numfashinsu sama da minti bakwai. Har izuwa yanzu, salon rayuwar dabbobi da tsarin halayyar dabbobi ba suyi nazari sosai ba.
Nau'in, bayanin da hotunan armadillos
Ba za a kira waɗannan dabbobin da hasken wutar lantarki ba, duk da haka, in an kwatanta su da wasu daga cikin magabatansu na yau da kullun, mutane na zamani sune kawai abubuwan ƙira.
A cikin duka, a yau akwai kusan nau'ikan armadillos 20. Mafi girma shine girar armadillo (Priodontes maximus). Tsawon jikinsa zai iya kaiwa mita 1.5, dabbar tana da nauyin kilogram 30-65, yayin da giwayen da yake karewa ya kai girman wata kara kuma an auna nauyin 800 ko fiye. Wasu nau'ikan rugujewar sun kasance manya-manyan har tsoffin 'yan asalin Kudancin Amurkawa suna amfani da bawo a matsayin rufin gidaje.
Mafi karami shine lamellar (ruwan hoda) armadillo (Chlamyphorus truncatus). Tsawon jikinsa bai wuce cm 16 ba, kuma yana nauyin gram 80-100.
Yankin da aka fi sani kuma mafi yawan nau'ikan binciken shine ƙungiyar yaƙi guda tara (bel a ƙasa).
A bayyanar jarumawanmu, mafi shahararren ita ce ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaura wanda ke rufe saman mutum. Yana kare armadillos daga masu rigakafin kuma yana rage lalacewa daga ciyayi, wanda dabbobi zasuyi biris akai. Pacewallon fata yana tasowa daga abubuwan ƙoshin fata kuma ya ƙunshi faranti kashin farin ciki ko sihiri, an rufe shi waje tare da keratinized epidermis. Wide da m garkuwa suna rufe kafadu da kwatangwalo, kuma a tsakiyar bayan baya akwai adadin belts daban-daban (daga 3 zuwa 13) da aka haɗa ta hanyar canza fata mai laushi tsakanin su. Wasu nau'in suna da fararen fata zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi tsakanin silar.
A saman kai, wutsiya da saman farfajiya ana kare su kuma (kawai a cikin halittar wutsiyar Cabassous ba shi garkuwa da shi). Ofarshen jikin mutum ya kasance mai tsaro cikin dabbobi - an rufe shi da gashi mai laushi kawai. A mafi ƙarancin hatsari, armadillos mai sulke uku ya ninka cikin ƙwallo kamar shinge, yana barin keɓaɓɓun faranti kan kai da wutsiya za su iya samu. Sauran nau'ikan suna jujjuya ƙwayoyinsu a ƙarƙashin garkuwoyin farji da naƙasa kuma suna matsawa ƙasa. Hatta manyan masu hasashen ba za su iya fitar da dabbar daga karkashin karfi na makamai ba.
A cikin hoto, -an wasan bel bel uku mai ƙarfi ya juye zuwa ball.
Launin harsashi mafi sau da yawa ya bambanta daga launin rawaya zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, a cikin wasu nau'in da harsashi mai launin shuɗi ne.
Hannun gaba da na baya mai ƙarfi tare da manyan yatsunsu masu kaifi suna taimaka musu su yi tono. Yatsun yatsu 5 masu yatsu a kan wata gabar mahaifa, kuma a goshin farkon adadinsu ya sha bamban daga 3 zuwa 5 a jinsuna daban. A cikin manya-manyan kafafu da armadillos, maƙallan gaban suna daɗaɗaɗaɗɗunsu, wanda ke taimaka musu buɗe buɗewar jijiyoyi da motsi na wucin gadi.
Yankin Amurka ta Tsakiya (hoto da ke ƙasa) yana da maƙala biyar masu linzami a ƙafafunsa na gaba, na tsakiya yana da ƙarfi musamman. Gashinsa baƙon abu bane - yana sanya kafafunsa na baya da diddige (tsayawa-tafiya), kuma tare da gaban kafafunsa ya huta a kan yatsun kafa (yatsa).
Idanuwan yakin basu da mahimmanci. Suna amfani da haɓaka mai ji da ji da ƙanshi don gano ganima da masu farauta. Ellsanshin farin ciki suna taimaka musu su san dangi, kuma a lokacin kiwo suna sanar da yanayin haihuwar maza da mata. Alama ta yanayin halittar maza - azzakari - ɗayan ne mafi tsayi a tsakanin dabbobi masu shayarwa (a cikin wasu nau'in ya kai 2/3 na tsayin jiki). Na dogon lokaci, ana daukar armadillos shine kawai dabbobi masu shayarwa, banda mutane, rajin da ya dace da juna, kodayake yanzu masana kimiyya sun gano cewa wannan ba haka bane: maza suna hawa mace daga baya, kamar sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa.
Rayuwar Armadillo
Ya kamata a faɗi cewa salon rayuwar yawancin nau'in armadillos a cikin yanayi ba shi da karanci, kuma yunƙurin haifar da su don gudanar da bincike a cikin zaman ba su nasara ba. Masana kimiyya kawai sun san isa game da nau'i na bel-bel, wanda shine ainihin binciken filin filin na dogon lokaci.
Yawancin nau'in, tare da banbancin da ba a sani ba, ba su da labari. Koyaya, yanayin ayyukan yana iya canzawa tare da shekaru. Don haka, ana iya ganin ci gaban matasa da safe ko da tsakar rana. Bugu da kari, a cikin yanayin sanyi, a wasu lokuta armadillos suna aiki yayin rana.
Suna zaune, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba sau ɗaya, ba sau da yawa cikin nau'i-nau'i ko a cikin kananan rukuni. Sukan fi kwana da rana a cikin kogororinsu kuma suna fita da daddare ne su ci.
Burrows alama ce tabbatacciyar kasancewar kasancewar armadillos a cikin ƙasa. A shafin yanar gizon su, sun tono daga ramuka 1 zuwa 20, kowane tsayi mita 1.5-3. Dabbobi sun mamaye wannan kogon daga kwana 1 zuwa 30 a jere. Burrows yawanci mara zurfi ne, suna zuwa sarari ƙasa da ke ƙasa, suna da ƙofofin 1 ko 2.
Harshen mai nauyi ba ya hana dabbobin yin iyo sosai. Suna shan iska mai zurfi, don kar su shiga ruwa.
Halayyar
Nine-belted armadillos dabbobi ne marasa amfani ko faɗuwar rana. Ba sa hibernate, amma a cikin arewacin rarraba su, armadillos sun fi wayar hannu a lokacin rani.
Suna tono burrows, hanci da wata gabar jiki. Armadillos na iya samun ramuka da yawa, gami da guda ɗaya don farauta da ƙarami da yawa kamar tarko na abinci. Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna amfani da kayan sararin samaniya na asali kamar gida. Baya ga tarawa nau'i-nau'i ko haɓaka zuriya, armadillos, a matsayin mai mulkin, kada ku raba burrows. Koyaya, shari'ar wasu manya da yawa da ke zama an rubuta su cikin yanayin sanyi.
Armadillos ba safai bane yake yiwa junan su rauni, kodayake mace mai ciki ko mai shayarwa zata iya zama mai adawa da zuriyarta. A cikin lokacin mating, mazan mazan wani lokacin suna nuna halayyar halayya zuwa ga samari. Armadillo mai firgita yakan nemi rami, idan ya shiga kuma sai ya sunkuyar da baya ya sanya kafafun sa ta irin wannan wahalar samun shi.
Procreation
Lokacin damuna a cikin fadace-fadace yana faduwa musamman a watannin bazara. Hada-hadar canji ta hanyar kasancewa cikin dogaro da aiki tare da neman mace ga maza.
Ciki yakan kai kwanaki 60-65. Girman brood masu ƙanana ne: dangane da nau'in halitta, ana haihuwar oneaya zuwa hudu. Yawancin jinsunan suna zama sau ɗaya kawai a shekara, tare da 1/3 na mata a cikin yawan jama'a ba sa shiga cikin kiwo. An haife jarirai masu gani da tare da harsashi mai taushi, wanda yakan taurare a kan lokaci. Tsawon wata guda suna ciyar da madara nono, sannan suka fara barin ramin kuma suka saba da abincin da ya girma. Armadillos ya balaga ta hanyar jima'i shekara guda.
Muhimmancin tattalin arziƙi ga mutum: tabbatacce
Armadillos, ciki har da armadillos tara-belted, suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin binciken likita, kamar yadda suke ciyar da yawancin protozoa, ƙwayoyin cuta da fungi, waɗanda ke da alhakin cututtukan ɗan adam. Su masu mahimmancin annabta ne da ke yin riga-kafi game da kwari iri na noma. Bugu da kari, ana kama su sabili da nama da makamai, wanda ake amfani dashi don yin kayan ado iri-iri.
Abokan gaba
Kodayake ana kiyaye lafiyar armadillos, har yanzu suna cikin haɗari ga masu farauta. Gaskiya ne game da kananan dabbobi: yawan macewar saurayi ya ninka na manya. Mafi yawa suna jin haushi ta hanyar coyotes, jan lynxes, cougars, wasu tsuntsaye na ganima har ma karnukan gida. Matasa basu da kariya saboda girman girman su da kuma harsashi mai sauki. Kuma jaguars, alligators da baƙar fata bears zasu iya jure har ma da dabbar dabba.
Mahimmancin tattalin arziƙi ga mutane: Rashin yarda
Duk da kama kwari, armadillos na iya haifar da lalacewa ga manoma. Suna ciyar da albarkatu da dama, gami da gyada, masara da kankana. Babbar burbushinsu yana haifar da barazanar dabbobin gona da watakila fadawa cikin su. Bugu da kari, burrows na iya raunana hanyoyi da madatsun ruwa. Armadillos suma suna dako daga cututtuka daban-daban.
Rayuwa & Abinci
Armadillos ya zauna cikin kwari, hamada, savannas da gefunan daji na Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. Guda tara ne kacal Dasypus novemcinctus wanda aka samo a cikin tsakiyar da kuma kudu maso gabashin Amurka, yana ratsawa zuwa arewa zuwa Nebraska.
Armadillos ya jagoranci rayuwar da ba ta dace ba, ta ɓoye cikin ramuwar rana. Yawancinsu ba su da aure, fewarancin ma'aurata da ƙaramin rukuni. Suna jagorantar wata hanyar rayuwa mai kama da ƙasa, suna haƙa ƙasa daidai, suna haƙa rami don kansu suna haƙa abinci. Suna iya gudu da sauri, suna iya iyo. Idan akwai haɗari, sun gudu, ɓoye cikin daji, ko kuma binne ƙasa da sauri. Kawai uku-belted armadillos (Wasannin Toly) sami damar ninkawa cikin kwallon, kamar shinge. Hanyoyin armadillos suna cike da wuta kuma suna matsayin tafki ne na iska, don haka waɗannan dabbobin zasu iya riƙe numfashinsu na minti 6. Wannan yana taimaka musu su ƙetare jikin ruwa (sau da yawa armadillos kawai ƙetare su a ƙasan). Iskar da aka zana a cikin huhu tana rama nauyin nauyin harsashi mai nauyi, ta barin batirin ya tashi.
Yawancin armadillos suna ciyar da kwari, gami da tururuwa da tururuwa, larvae da sauran invertebrates, kuma zasu iya cin abinci, ƙananan ƙananan dabbobin kuma, lokaci-lokaci, sassan tsirrai.
Kare cikin yanayi
Tun ƙarni da yawa, mutane sun yi amfani da armadillos a matsayin abinci. Kuma a yau, abincinsu ana ɗaukar shi mai daɗin ci ne a Latin Amurka. A Arewacin Amurka, abincin nama na waɗannan dabbobin ba su da mashahuri sosai a yau, duk da haka, a lokacin babban juyayi na 30s na karni na 20, mutane sun kira yaƙin "“an ragon mara" kuma suna adana naman su don gaba. Dabarun kare kai daga masu hasashen ya sanya armadillos ya zama mai sauki ga mutane. Dabba ba zai iya tserewa ba, kuma ya harba shi cikin kwallon, ya zama mai cikakken kariya.
Amma babban dalilin raguwar yawan fadace-fadace shi ne lalata al'aurarsu saboda lalacewa. Additionari ga wannan, sun kasance masu cutar manoma da abubuwan da suka tono, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ƙarshen ya rushe su.
Zuwa yanzu, an jera nau'ikan 6 a cikin Littafin Tarihi na Red International kamar yadda ake iya zama mai haɗari ko wata barazana, an nuna ƙarancin haɗari ga jinsuna biyu, kuma masana kimiyya ba su da isasshen bayanai na huɗu.
Babu wani tabbataccen bayani game da rayuwar armadillos a cikin yanayi, amma tabbas yana da shekaru 8-12. A cikin bauta, ƙyallen idanunsu sun daɗe - har zuwa shekaru 20.