Lokacin da kake zaɓar dabbobi, galibi mutane sukan tsaya a tsuntsaye. Ba a bukatar lokaci mai yawa da jan hankali, haka kuma yawan tafiye-tafiye, abokai sun nuna farin cikinsu ga rukuninsu tare da nuna farin ciki da waƙar waka.
Ya isa kawai a canza matakala a cikin keji, haka kuma masu ciyarwa da ruwa, kuma dabbar za ta kasance lafiya da farin ciki, a kullun tana murna da ku da waƙar sonta. Canary tsuntsu - Wani karamin tsuntsu, kusan 15 cm a girmansa, kodayake wasu nau'in kayan ado na iya isa 23 cm daga gindi zuwa bakin jela. Bayyan Canary yana da jituwa sosai kuma ba a iya lura da shi musamman, banda launi daban-daban.
Mafi na kowa sune rawaya masu launin rawaya, duk da haka, launuka iri-iri suna da yawa, akwai har ma baƙar fata ko ja, an samu, ba shakka, ta haye canaries tare da sauran tsuntsayen. A sakamakon zaɓi, wasu nau'ikan canaries kuma suna da crests ko curls mai ban sha'awa. Duk manyan launuka na waɗannan tsuntsaye, zaku iya kallo hoto na canaries.
Siffofi da mazauninsu
A yanzu canary - kaji, kuma zaku iya siyan sayo a kowane kantin sayar da dabbobi a duniya. Amma magabatan wannan tsuntsu sune Canary Reels wanda ke zaune a tsibirin Canary. Latterarshe, ta hanyar, har zuwa yau suna zaune a cikin Canary da Azores kamar yadda tsuntsayen ke da 'yanci.
Canary Housted Canary
Halin hali da salon rayuwa
Canaries tsuntsaye ne masu yawan gaske. Suna zaune cikin fakitoci, babba ko karami - ba shi da mahimmanci, amma haɗin jama'a yana da matukar muhimmanci ga kowane tsuntsu. Suna zaune low - a cikin ƙananan bushes a cikin ƙananan bushes suna bincika abincin da ya dace, yayin da suke tattaunawa tare da sauran membobin danginsu koyaushe.
Yawancin lokaci, kusa da dare, ƙaramin garken garke suna haɗuwa da haɗuwa cikin babban ɗaya, tare zasu sami wurin da ya dace da zaman dare kuma jira a daren. Da safe, duk sai su sake watse cikin ƙaramin rukuninsu. Canaries - songbirds, sabili da haka, samo shi azaman dabbobi, a shirye ku manta har abada game da abin da shiru yake.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Dama abinci canary ya ba da tabbacin lafiyarta, kyautatawa da yanayi. A cikin daji, fin Canary finches kan ciyar da shuka iri kuma, lokaci-lokaci, kwari a lokacin fara haihuwa. Ga wuraren kiwon kaji, akwai adadin abubuwan ban mamaki iri-iri waɗanda zaku iya sayansu a kowane kantin sayar da dabbobi a cikin garinku.
Kowace kunshin abinci ya ƙunshi shawarwari don amfani da shi na takamaiman rayuwar abincin dabbobi, alal misali, “don ciyarwa lokacin molting” ko “abinci yayin kiwo”. Lokacin sayen, a hankali kula da lokacin ƙarewar abincin don kada ya mutu kafin dabbar ku ta sami lokacin ci.
Daga cikin wadansu abubuwa, likitocin dabbobi suna ba da shawara kada su canza tsarin abincin abincin canary, saboda yana saba wa wasu nau'ikan kuma tare da wasu matsaloli yana canza wurin sauyawa zuwa wani nau'in abinci. Tunda canary bashi da sarari mai yawa don tashi a cikin sararin samaniya na keɓaɓɓun keji, waɗannan tsuntsayen suna da haɗuwa da kiba.
Don hana wannan yanayin, ƙididdige abincin yau da kullun don dabbar ku. Yawancin lokaci baya wuce 1-2 na abinci a rana. Don sauyawa, zaku iya ba wa tsuntsun kwai mai ƙanƙan daɗaɗɗa sau ɗaya a mako, ƙara ƙwayar kara da karas a ciki.
Bayan babban abinci kamar sau biyu a mako ya kamata a ba da wasu manyan riguna na bitamin. A lokacin rani, letas ko Dandelion, wasu tsire-tsire sun dace da waɗannan dalilai. Kuma a cikin hunturu zaku iya tsarmar abincin tare da kore apple, karas ko barkono mai daɗi mai daɗi. A cikin akwati ba za a iya yin sakaci da kuma kayan miya na saman ma'adinai ba, wanda dole ne ya kasance a cikin kullun.
Yawancin lokaci yana ƙunshe da yashi mara nauyi, wanda a cikin tsuntsu zai sauƙaƙa niƙa da narkewar hatsi, da ƙoshin ƙura da ƙwari, a matsayin tushen ƙwayar silsila. Irin wannan mai ciyarwa yakamata a canza shi sau daya a mako domin hana gurbacewarsa da kuma hadiye datti da tsuntsun yayi.
Sake buguwa da tsawon rai
A cikin daji, lokacin canary na kiwo yana farawa daga lokacin bazara - yanayin dumin yanayi da kuma bayyanar da yalwar abinci wata alama ce ta tsuntsayen cewa lokaci yayi da zasu ci gaba da al'adunsu.
A gida, zaku iya haifar da canaries shekara-shekara ta hanyar ƙirƙirar yanayin waje don dacewa dasu. Ya dace da tsuntsayen masu farauta tun daga shekara daya zuwa hudu. A cikin sake zagayowar kiwo guda, mace tayi yawan cuwa-cuwa, amma ya kyautu kada ku kyale ta tayi fiye da biyu, don kada ta lalata jikin tsuntsun.
Don mafi girman dacewar tsuntsu, yana da daraja ƙirƙirar tushen ƙawancen sheƙa ko biyu. Don taushi ana iya nannade shi da ciyawa, bambaro, zaren ko igiya hemp. Kada ku sa su yi tsayi sosai don ware yiwuwar shiga cikin abincin dabbobi tare da paws a cikin gida.
Dole ne a haɗe farjin a cikin gida, don tsuntsayen su fara zama a kanta, sannan a hankali su hau kan gida, wannan zai ware lalacewar kajin ko kwai. Lokacin da ma'aurata suka haɗu, to a cikin mako ɗaya kwai na farko na iya bayyana, a cikin ƙarin ƙarin kwai zai bayyana kowace rana, yawanci ba su wuce huɗu ba.
Canary qwai ƙanana, masu nauyi zuwa gram biyu, yawanci suna launin shuɗi a launi tare da ƙananan aibobi launin ruwan kasa. Oneaya mace ɗaya kacal ta ƙwai ƙwai, kajin an haife su bi da bi, a cikin tsari iri ɗaya waɗanda aka sanya ƙwai a ciki.
Sau da yawa, kajin na dauko abinci daga kanana, ta hanyar hana su ci da girma a al'ada. Wasu lokuta tsoffin kajin ma sukan mutu saboda wannan. Don guje wa irin wannan yanayi, ana kwashe ƙwai daga matar da ta sanya, tare da maye gurbinsu da murɗaɗɗiya, sannan a ci gaba da wata gashin a ƙarƙashin fitilar.
Kuma lokacin da aka sanya duk ƙwai 4, ana canza samfuran zuwa ƙwai na gaske. A sakamakon wannan, mace fara ƙyanƙyashe ƙwai a lokaci guda, bi da bi, kuma su ma suna kyankyasar juna. Lokacin da kajin suka juya wata guda, za su fara koyon tashi. Don waɗannan dalilai, kuna buƙatar babban sel sosai - aƙalla mita a kowane bangare.
Da zaran ya sami damar sanin jima'i, ya kamata maza su zaunar da kansu a cikin sel daban-daban, saboda yawanci suna yin faɗa da juna. Mata, akasin haka, suna da abokantaka kuma suna jin daɗin rayuwa a cikin gida ɗaya tare. Matsakaicin rayuwar canary ya kai shekaru 8 - 10, amma tare da kyakkyawar kulawa, tsuntsaye na iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 15.
Bayanin
Canary ya ɗan fi can can nesa da na daji, canjin fin Canary. Waka da launuka masu launi kusan 13.5 zuwa 14.5 cm tsayi .. Ana samun wadatattun kayan zane a cikin tsayinsa daga cm 11 zuwa 23. Canary yana da fasalin reel mai jituwa - kankara mai zagaye da kuma gajeren zango mai siffa.
Mafi mashahuri tubalin shine rawaya mai ruwan shuɗi. Koyaya, a yau akwai launuka daban-daban na shuɗewa (misali fari, ja, launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa). Ja launi ya tashi saboda tsallake Canary da siskin wutar. Wasu nau'ikan kiwo suma suna da crest ko curls na musamman.
Flightaukar jirgin canary yana buɗewa kuma a lokaci guda yayi dace da hoton jirgin fin fin fin.
Waƙa
A kusanci da waka shine ikon sauraron karatuna. Ingantaccen hankali yana daga 3200 hertz zuwa 4000 Hz. Resarancin shiga don sauraro yana a 1100 Hz, kuma babba a 10,000 Hz. Bugu da kari, canary na iya bambance jerin sautuka, adanawa a cikin kwakwalwa da wasa. Don haka, tana iya koyan irin waƙar da ta dace. Tana iya kwaikwayon sautikan da jerin sautin wasu tsuntsayen, sannan kuma sun haɗa da kararrakin mutane a waƙar ta.
Waƙoƙin canary yana farawa da ƙaddamarwa, ƙofar shiru mai yawa daga gwiwoyi da ƙare a cikin babbar tafiya mai ƙarfi na abubuwan da ke saukowa. Namiji yana waka mai tsawo, an gina shi daga yawancin zagaye ko jumlolin Stanza. Gwiwa yana farawa ta hanyar shigar da abubuwa masu natsuwa, masu natsuwa cikin abubuwa masu dumbin yawa kuma suka kare a cikin tsawan tsayayyen abubuwanda ke sauko jiki. Tsuntsayen daji, da bambanci da sikandire na Harz, basu da cikakkun maganganu waɗanda suke sakamakon zaɓi. Koyaya, Canary reel zazzabi na iya samun abubuwa guda 400 a cikin kayan aikin ta don haka waka ta sha bambam da nau'ikan saki. Koyaya, a dukkan halayen guda biyu, yakamata mutum ya sami nau'ikan sauti guda ɗaya waɗanda zasu iya faɗaɗa cikin rayuwa.
Asalin gani da kwatancin
Canary mallakar reshe ne na ma'adanai, wakilci ne na ajin tsuntsaye, tsari na jariri, tsari na Passeriformes, jerin mawaƙa, dangin finch, asalin halittar Canary finch, nau'in canary finch, nau'in canary na Canch, wani respeins na canary na gida.
Tun daga lokacin da masu binciken suka kawo litattafai daga kasashen waje daban-daban da wadanda ba a bayyana su ba game da wakilan dabbobin waje daban-daban, mutane sun fara koya game da canary. Masana kimiyya, masu bincike da masu jirgi ba kawai aka bayyana ƙaramin tsuntsu da ke waka da tatsuniyoyi masu ban mamaki ba, har ma sun kawo zane tare da hotonta. Bayan haka, an kawo tsuntsaye masu ban mamaki da yawa daga tsibirin Canary zuwa Turai. Godiya ga yankin mazauninsu, wanda aka dauke shi wurin haifan tsuntsaye nan da nan, ana kiran shi canaries.
Bidiyo: Canary
Bayan da tsuntsayen farko suka zo Turai, an kawo su nan da nan zuwa Rasha kuma sun zama mashahuri kuma ana buƙata azaman dabbobi. A hankali, mutane suka koyi yadda ake kulawa da canaries yadda yakamata, daga baya kuma su yi kiwo. Canaries sun zama sanannen saboda cewa a wasu yankuna duk ƙauyuka da ƙauyuka sun kasance sun haɗu da haɓaka tsuntsayen, sanya caji a gare su, da ɓarna.
A lokacin mulkin, tsuntsaye sun canza sosai kadan. Canaries na cikin gida suna da fasali daban-daban daga danginsu - fin fin Canary. Wannan ya bayyana sarai a girman jikin mutum, da launuka na rukiyya, da kuma yadda ake gudanar da abubuwansa.
Bayyanar fasali da fasali
Hoto: Bird Canary
Canaries ƙananan tsuntsaye masu haske. Mutanen da ke cikin gida suna da girman jikin mutum idan aka kwatanta su da na tsuntsayen daji. Canary matsakaici na canary yana da tsawon tsayin jiki 13-15 santimita. Girman jikin, la'akari da fuka-fuki, kusan santimita 23-25. Koyaya, ana samun daidaikun mutane waɗanda ke da girma ko ƙarami girma. Waɗannan ƙananan littattafan suna da jituwa sosai, daidai gwargwado sun daidaita jikin. Akan karamin jiki akwai zagaye, karamin kai.
Idanun tsuntsaye baƙi ne, zagaye, mai bayyanawa. A kan kai akwai haske, galibi yana launin rawaya, baki mai kama da launi. Za'a iya bambanta launin launi daga aikin plumage. Mafi na kowa ne cikakken rawaya. Koyaya, akwai mutane masu launi dabam dabam.
Abin da launuka na plumage yiwuwa tare da canaries:
- fari,
- launi cakulan
- kore kore
- kowane nau'in inuwa mai launin ruwan kasa,
- zuma
- Orange,
- kasancewar gashin fuka-fukan mai yiwuwa ne (sakamakon tsallake kanari mai tsananin kama da igiyar wuta).
Canaries sukan canza launi wani lokaci dangane da yanayin yanayin. Akwai daidaikun mutane dauke da farar fata, ko gashin fuka-fukan tare da takamaiman raƙuman ruwa. Tsuntsayen suna da bakin ciki, amma wata gabar jiki mai ƙarfi tare da dogaye. Yau al'ada ce don rarraba nau'ikan nau'ikan tsuntsayen gida na kayan ado ɗari. Kowane nau'in yana da takamaiman fasali na waje, girman jiki, launi.
Menene kwalliya suke?
Canaries suna cikin finch na iyali, ƙananan tsuntsaye. Tsawonsu kawai shine santimita 10-14, kuma nauyi kusan gram 15. Tsubin fikaf ɗin ya kai santimita 23. Suna ƙaunar da duk wanda yake jin daɗin kallon siskins wasa.
Launin launin shuɗewar maza yana da duhu kore mai launin fari. Ana nuna su da shugaban rawaya-kore mai wuya da makogwaro. Wutsiya fari fat kuma rariyoyi a gefunan suna da duhu. Canaries na mata yawanci launin toka-baki ne mai launi tare da ƙananan lafazin baƙar fata. Launin rude ya fi na maza yawa. Matasan tsuntsaye masu launin launin ruwan kasa tare da shanyewar duhu.
Tsibirin Canary ana ɗaukar tarihin ƙasa na canaries, saboda haka sunan su ya fito. Birdsanan tsuntsaye suna rayuwa galibi a cikin gandun daji waɗanda ke cikin tsaunukan tuddai. Hakanan ana samun canaries a cikin ƙananan garuruwa da kuma wuraren kusa da mutane. Yawan tsuntsayen gama gari suna zaune cikin fakitoci, suna haifar da rayuwar nomadic ko daidaita rayuwa. Wannan dalilin ya dogara da matsayin rayuwarsu.
Lokacin da aka yankan kajin, canaries suna zama a cikin nau'i-nau'i, idan mace ta zauna akan qwai, ta tsinke su, maigidan ba shi da nisa da ita. Gasar da aka fi so ta ƙananan tsuntsaye ita ce bishiyoyi da shukoki a cikin yankin tare da ɗan adadin ciyayi. Haka kuma, suna zaune ba kawai a tsaunin tsaunuka ba, har ma a cikin yashi. A can suka fi son gina makullan su.
Babban abinci ga canaries ana ɗaukar abincin shuka a cikin ciyawar, ciyawa, tsaba da 'ya'yan itatuwa iri-iri. Daga abincin dabbobi, tsuntsayen ke ciyar da kwari.
Ina ina canary yake?
HOTO: Canary na Rasha
A yau, canary shine babban tsuntsu, mai ado. Kakanni da kakannin wannan nau'in tsuntsaye ne na daji - finary Canary. Tsibirin Canary an dauke su mazauninsu na asali. A kan tsibiran tsibiran, yanayin da ya fi dacewa da yanayin ƙawancen tsuntsaye na shekara-shekara. A cikin yanayin halitta, tsuntsayen galibi suna zaune a cikin gandun daji a cikin tsaunuka. Sau da yawa ana iya samunsa kusa da ƙauyukan ɗan adam, haka kuma a cikin ƙananan ƙauyuka, yankunan karkara. Canary reels suna haifar da yanayin rayuwa. Sun zabi wani yanki wanda zasu kwashe kusan rayuwarsu.
Canaries ba su cika sanin yanayin tsarewa ba. A gida, suna buƙatar kusan babu kulawa ta musamman. Don kula da su, kuna buƙatar keji inda tsuntsaye zasu ciyar da yawancin lokaci. Don adana tsuntsun a gida, zai fi kyau karba keji na karfe, tunda yana da sauƙin wankewa kuma, idan ya cancanta, ana iya warwatsa shi. Yana da matuƙar mahimmanci shigar shigar da madubi na aljihu, juyawa, kwanon sha da kayan ciyarwa a cikin keji. Halayen m
Tarihin Canary Taming
A cikin nesa mai nisa 1473, tsibiran tsibiran Canary Archipelago sun ja hankalin matukan jirgin ruwan Spain, waɗanda daga baya suka mamaye tsibiran tare da taimakon rundunar soji mai ƙarfi kuma suka mai da su wani yanki na ƙasar Spain.
Halittu masu kyan gani wadanda suke zaune a cikin keji na indan asalin sun fi son masu mamayar sosai, saboda haka sun hana cire tsuntsaye daga tsibirin a ƙarƙashin jin zafin mutuwa. Canaries ya bayyana a Turai kuma ya zama sananne sosai tsakanin mazaunanta a ƙarni na 16.
Dangane da wani tsohuwar tatsuniya, canaries suka je Turai sakamakon babban hadarin jirgin ruwa. Wani jirgin ruwa daga Spain lokacin jigilar tsuntsayen ban mamaki ya fadi a kusa da gabar Tekun Italiya. Sabuwar yankin tare da yanayin yau da kullun don canaries sun ba da izinin tsuntsaye su ji ƙarfin gwiwa, da sauri suka mamaye sabon yanki kuma sun fara zuriya. Bayan Italiya, reels sun bayyana a sauran Turai.
Saboda haramcin mutanen Sifen a kan fitar da canaries, kusan ba zai yiwu a yi kiwo tsuntsaye ba. Kuma kawai bayan bayyanar tsuntsaye a Italiya da rarraba su a cikin sauran ƙasashen Turai, masanan kimiyyar Jamusanci sun sami damar haifar da nau'ikan canaries 25, waɗanda aka bambanta su ta fuskoki da dama daban-daban.Mafi mashahuri shi ne canary na Tyrolean, wanda ya bambanta da wasu a cikin bayanan waƙoƙin sa.
Ba da daɗewa ba, an kawo waɗannan tsuntsaye zuwa Rasha, har zuwa Australia da Arewacin Amurka. Jamus ta daɗe tana zama babban mai siyar da canaries a wasu ƙasashe kuma samun kudin shiga daga wannan aiki ya kasance mai girma. Birdaya daga cikin tsuntsu ɗaya kawai farashin daga alamun 20 zuwa 150.
A cikin karni na 19, canaries sun shahara sosai tsakanin mazauna Rasha har tsire-tsire don noman su ya bayyana a Moscow. A lokaci guda, ƙwayar mata suna da rahusa fiye da maza. Don samun kajin a cikin bauta, dole ne a zauna da tsuntsaye a wurare dabam dabam, inda aka shirya mazauna biyu. Bayan wani lokaci, matan suka yi kwanciya da qwai, suka yanyanka su. Kajin da aka bayyana ya zauna tare da iyayensu har na tsawon makwanni uku, sannan matar ta yi sabon layya. Don haka, a cikin shekara ya yiwu a sami zuriya daga sau uku zuwa bakwai a cikin shekara guda.
Fiye da shekaru 500 na kiwo tsuntsayen waƙoƙi, yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikansu an buge su. Kowace ƙasa tana da nasa nau'ikan canaries, alal misali, a cikin Ingila ana darajanta tsuntsaye dangane da launi, kuma a cikin Holland yanayin da kansa ya taka rawa ta musamman. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa shine cewa an samo launin ruwan lemo mai haske saboda kasancewar barkono cayenne a cikin abincin canaries.
A cikin Russia, bayanai kan kwanakin zaɓin farko sun koma 2007, lokacin da suka kirkiro nau'in ƙwayar Rasha. Lokacin da kiwo tsuntsaye a cikin dukkanin ƙasashe, an saka kulawa ta musamman ga waƙar su, kamar yadda a cikin mutane daji ba sosai m, amma, duk da haka, yana da kyau a saurare shi. Don haɓaka iyawar canaries, sun yi waƙoƙi daban-daban akan kida na kiɗa ko sanya su a cikin keji zuwa mawaƙar da aka shirya.
Tabbas, canaries basa haske kamar lovebirds, amma suna raira waƙa da girma!
Me canary yake ci?
Hoto: Mazan Canaries
Ana amfani da canary shine tsuntsu mara misaltawa wanda baya magance abinci. Koyaya, waɗanda suka yanke shawarar fara shi a gida ya kamata su tuna cewa ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki shine mabuɗin lafiyar lafiyar fata da tsawon rai. Babban abincin abinci na tsuntsaye shine abincin asalin tsiro - tsirrai, ire-ire iri iri. A lokacin farauta da kiwo, tsuntsaye na iya ciyar da kwari, larvae, caterpillars, da sauransu.
Lokacin da suke zaune a gida, an shawarci tsuntsaye su sayi abincin musamman da aka tsara don ciyar da gwangwani. A lokaci guda, yana da daraja kula da wani yanayi na rayuwa wanda aka ƙirƙira wannan abincin. Misali, saboda lokacin molting, ko lokacin kiwo, wani nau'in ciyarwar da akayi shine wanda ya qunshi mafi kyawun bitamin da ma'adanai na wannan lokacin. Matsakaicin matsakaicin abincin bushewa ga datti ɗaya shine cokali 2 a rana.
Abin da hidima a matsayin tushen abinci don kaji:
- albarkatun hatsi: hatsi, gero, sha'ir, alkama, masara, bulo, shinkafa, ƙwayar canary,
- tsaba iri daban-daban na ciyawar lush: quinoa, dandelion, plantain,
- kayana
- fyade,
- kwayoyi
- sunflower tsaba,
- berries
- 'ya'yan itatuwa cikakke - inabi, apricots, cherries, nau'in apples mai zaki, peaches,
- 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari:' ya'yan ɓaure, ɓauren apricots, raisins, prunes, kwanakin,
- sabo kayan lambu.
A cikin lokacin sanyi, ana bada shawara don ninka abinci tare da rassan bishiyoyi da tsire-tsire iri iri - maple, ceri, rasberi, hawthorn, ash ash, beech, Willow, elderberry. Wani lokaci ana iya yin amfani da littattafan son haihuwa tare da samfurori daban-daban na asalin dabba - cuku mai-mai mai mai yawa, ƙaramin adadin zuma, ƙwaije da aka dafa, kwari. Hakanan akwai jerin samfuran samfuran da aka hana waɗannan tsuntsayen.
Products da aka contraindicated:
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Tsuntsaye suna haifar da aiki, salon rayuwa. Koyaya, daidaikun mutane da aka ajiye a gida suna iyakantaccen sarari kuma suna iya yin kiba.
Yanzu kun san yadda ake ciyar da canary. Bari mu ga yadda songbird yake rayuwa a cikin daji.
Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa
Hoto: anaran matan
A dabi'a, an baiwa canaries da nutsuwa da kwanciyar hankali. Yana da kyau a san cewa maza suna da ɗan nutsuwa kuma suna da alaƙa dangane da ɗan adam fiye da mace. Haka kuma, maza sun daidaita da sauri da sauƙi a cikin mahalli a cikin gida, don saba wa mutane. Waɗanda suka yi niyyar mallakar wannan ƙaramin tsuntsu mai waka mai ban sha'awa, ana karfafa su suyi wa matasa ƙanana. Tsuntsaye masu balaga suna halin rashin ƙarfi. Yana da wahala musu su saba wa mutumin. A wasu halaye, sukan nuna juriya ne.
Tsuntsayen da suka zo ga mutum baya zama ƙarami suna yin rayuwa irin ta yau da kullun. Ba su da sha'awar sauya halayensu, don dacewa da mutane. Don canza wasu halaye, dole ne kuyi ƙoƙari mai ban mamaki. Idan saurayi ya shiga gidan, da farko ya zama dole don ya tayar mata da hankali. Tana buƙatar lokaci don daidaitawa. Lokacin da kake magana da tsuntsaye, ya kamata ka yi ƙoƙarin guje wa motsi mai saurin ji, da sauti mai ƙarfi.
Tsuntsayen da ke kai tsaye dangi na canary na gida, fin fin Canary ana ɗaukarsu masu tsananin son da ɗarbin fahimta. A cikin yanayin yanayi, suna buƙatar ƙungiyar danginsu da gaske kuma suna zama na musamman a fakitoci. Girman agogo na iya bambanta. Mafi sau da yawa, waɗannan tsuntsayen suna tashi a cikin ƙasa mai tsayi, ba tare da sun tashi ba. Duwatsu suna tashi daga itace zuwa itace, ko daga daji zuwa daji don bincika adadin abincin da ake buƙata. Yayin aiwatar da motsi, kullun suna tattaunawa tare da sauran membobin fakitin.
Da farkon duhu, ƙananan garke na tsuntsaye sukan haɗu cikin manyan garke kuma nemi itacen da ya dace don zaman dare. A wannan yanayin, sukan kwana kuma a safiya kuma suka rabu cikin garkuwa da mutane. Yakamata masu shayar da tsuntsaye su tuna cewa canary mawaka ce, don haka zai haifar da yawan ihu a gidan.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hoto: Canary a yanayi
A cikin tsuntsayen da ke rayuwa a cikin yanayin halitta, lokacin kiwo ya fara da farkon bazara. Yanayin zafi da isasshen abinci suna nuna cewa lokaci ya yi da za a haihu. A gida, canaries na iya haifan shekara-shekara a gaban halaye masu dacewa.
Yawanci kiwo tsuntsaye masu shekaru daga shekara daya da rabi zuwa shekaru hudu da rabi. Adultaya daga cikin matan da suka manyanta da maza masu jima'i sun sami damar yin jujjuyawa cikin rayuwa ɗaya. Lokacin da aka tsare ta a gida, zai fi kyau kada ta ƙyale ta fiye da biyu don hana ɗaukar nauyi a kan ƙaramin jiki. Zai fi kyau bayar da buɗaɗɗa da yawa a cikin hanyar wurin don canary kuma haša wani yanki kusa da ita.
Bayan mutane biyun sun hadu, bayan kwanaki 10-12 sai ya fara bayyana. Bayan haka, kowace rana, mace tana saka wani kwai. Yawan su bai wuce guda 4-5 ba. Qwai na Canary karami ne kuma basu wuce gram 2-3 ba. Haske ne, tare da tintin launin shuɗi da ƙananan duhu aibobi.
Bayan sanya ƙwai, matar ta ƙi su. A zahiri ba ta barin mukaminta har sai kajin ya warke daga qwai. Suna fitowa a cikin tsari guda wanda aka sanya ƙwai. Daga cikin tsuntsayen da aka Haifa cikin duniya, gasa ta tashi nan da nan. Dattawa da masu ƙarfi sukan ɗauki abinci daga ƙarami da marasa ƙarfi. Sau da yawa, saboda wannan, mutane masu rauni suna mutuwa daga rashin abinci. Saboda wannan, lokacin da ake tsare da su a gida, ana sanya ƙoshin ƙirar wucin gadi maimakon a sanya ƙwai a cikin gidajen gwanon ruwa. Bayan an sanya dukkanin qwai, sai su koma ga tsuntsu, kuma ya fara kyankyasar ƙwai a lokaci guda.
Bayan haihuwar kajin, mace tana ciyar da su har tsawon wata daya. Bayan wata daya, kajin suna koyon tashi da sannu-sannu suka shirya don rayuwa mai zaman kanta. Lokacin balaga ya cika shekara daya da rabi. Tsawon rayuwa shekaru 10 ne. Lokacin da aka kiyaye shi a gida kuma an kiyaye shi sosai, tsammanin rayuwa na iya ƙaruwa har zuwa shekaru 15.
Abokan Halitta na Canaries
Hoto: Bird Canary
Lokacin da suke zaune a cikin daji a cikin tsibirin na Canary, canaries suna da abokan gaba kaɗan. Masu fashin baki suna jira cikin duhu ko da a cikin duhu. Barazanar tana jira kawai a gare su ba, har ma da filaye tare da ƙwai da kajin babu kariya. Canaries tsuntsaye ne masu yawan magana da wahala wadanda suke birgewa gaba da baya, ta yadda suke ba da inda suke.
Lokacin tashin jiragen sama a lokacin awoyi na rana, galibi sukan zama ganima ga wasu manyan karnukan da aka zana - mujiyoyi, sarakuna, shaho. Yayin da duhu ya fara, kwari ne ke kama su, wadanda ke jagorantar rayuwarsu ta yau da kullun kuma ba su da kyau a cikin duhu.
A saman duniya akwai ma makiya da yawa tare da kananan tsuntsaye. Waɗannan sun haɗa da berayen, wakilan dangin cat. Cats da beraye suna cin kajin da aka haife su suna lalata ƙaƙƙarfan su. Bugu da kari, ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi suna jigilar cututtuka masu haɗari. Individualaya daga cikin mutane na iya kamuwa da garken duka, wanda daga baya ya mutu, a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
Hoto: Canary Warbler
Zuwa yau, canaries kaji ne. Suna wankanta na musamman a gida. Anyi nasarar shawo kansu a cikin bangarorin duniya daban-daban. Ana kiran tsuntsaye na daji Canary Canary reels. Suna zaune na musamman da Canary da Azores. Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa adadin adadin canaries a tsibirin na Canary shine 90,000 nau'i-nau'i, a cikin Azores - 65,000 nau'i-nau'i.
A kananan adadin Canary finches zauna Madeira. Koyaya, adadinsu a can ya ragu sosai - babu sama da 5,500 nau'i-nau'i. Sun yi ƙoƙarin yin canaries a Bermuda ko tsibirin Hawaii fiye da sau ɗaya. A cikin 1933, masana kimiyya sun kawo nau'ikan canaries zuwa wadannan tsibiran, amma bayan shekaru 25, duk mutane a wannan yankin sun lalace. Hakanan ana samun kananan tsuntsayen a Puerto Rico.
Zuwa yau, a cewar masana kimiyya, tsuntsayen basa barazanar bacewar su. Canary - Wannan ƙaramin ne, ta hannu, mai rai, da tsuntsu mai haske. Wannan nau'in yana da babban nau'in tallafi. Kyakkyawan fasalin abin da tsuntsaye suka zama sananne a duk faɗin duniya shine karin waƙa da ban mamaki. Ga waɗanda suke son jin daɗin tsuntsayen, irin wannan dabbar za ta kawo jin daɗi da motsin zuciyar kirki.
Ara aku
Sunan Latin: | Kwayar cutar ta Serinus |
Sunan Turanci: | Canary |
Masarauta: | Dabbobi |
Nau'i: | Chordate |
Class: | Tsuntsaye |
Kamewa: | Passerines |
Iyali: | Finch |
Kyau: | Canary kankara |
Tsayin jiki: | 13-23 cm |
Tsawon tsawon: | 7 cm |
Wingspan: | 15 cm |
Weight: | 50 g |
Migratory ko hunturu
A cikin yanayin halitta, canary na zaune ne kawai Azores da Canaries. Godiya ga karshen da samu da suna.
Yanayi mai ɗumi yana bawa tsuntsu damar ya zauna a tsibiran duk shekara.
Wata al'ada ce a rarrabe manyan rukunoni guda uku:
Kome zaki ga jinsin ya fada cikin rukunin farko biyu, yayin da ba a da jinsin fiye da 10 da aka sani da canaries song.
Don haka, bari mu bincika sosai.
Curly Canaries
A gare su al'ada ce don yin rijista: trumpan tsibiri na faransa, canary na arewacin, Faransa, Switzerland, Paduan, Milan curly canaries, Italian gibber.
Kakannin wannan rukunin sun fara bayyana a ƙarni na 17, a cikin Holland. Sunan kungiyar ya fito ne daga gashin fuka-fuki a cikin sternum. Sau da yawa tsuntsaye daga wannan rukuni suna da matsakaicin girman jikin mutum - har zuwa 22-23 cm, nauyi 50 grams, fuka-fuki 30 cm.
Matan wannan ƙungiyar suna da nisa sosai daga aikin adana gida da ƙaunar uwa - sun ƙi su yi kajin. Gabaɗaya, canaries masu tsananin buƙatu suna cikin kulawa: suna buƙatar abinci na musamman da yanayin yanayi..
Canary Meninger
Wannan tsuntsu ne wanda launinsa ke mamaye launin shuɗi da launin ruwan kasa. Girman balagaggensa shine cm 13. Yayin da, karin gashin fuka-fukai suna kan kirjin tsuntsu, to yana da tamanin da yake dashi.
Kyakkyawan tsuntsu, wanda maza ke rarrabe shi da muryar mai baki. Girman jikin mutum shine cm 19 .. Canjin launuka ya fi fari ko kuma rawaya, duk da haka, zaɓuɓɓuka daban-daban suna yiwuwa. Ban da shi ne kawai launin ja, wanda ba na hali ba ga wannan jinsin.
Tsuntsaye ba sa son kula da kajin, saboda haka an ba wa jariransu ilimi domin koyar da mayukan talakawa.
Canary Humpback
Tsuntsaye suna da wani halin shakatawa - an saukar da kawunansu a ƙasa kafadu, jikin kuma layin tsaye ne. Idan ka kalli tsuntsu daga gefe, da alama bayanan nasa sun farfado.
Launin gargajiya na wannan nau'in an ɗauke shi fari ne, amma wasu bambance-bambancen mai yiwuwa ne. A wannan tsari, al'ada ce don bambance nau'ikan da ke gaba:
- Beljiyam
- munich
- yi rawar jiki
- Jafananci
Canaries da aka Kama
Masu ɗaukar nauyin wani nau'in ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar goshi a kan kai, wanda aka kafa saboda tsararren elongated. Subsungiyar ta bayyana a karni na XVIII, a cikin Jamus.
A cikin yanayi, akwai rayayyun kasusuwa guda biyu na canaries:
- Mai Girma
- Lancashire
- Jamusanci
- Turanci
Nau'in farko bai wuce 12 cm ba a tsawon tsayin jiki. Canza launi na iya zama daban, banda ja. Crest a kai yana da dimau, kusa da siffar, kowane gashin tsuntsu yakamata ya kasance mai sihiri kuma ba tsayayye ba.
Canary iyaka
Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da falala mai kyau, yanayinsu - suna sha'awar alfahari da iya riƙe makkan. Tsuntsayen sun sami suna, saboda wurin - tsakanin Ingila da Scotland. Kuma kalmar "boder" (kan iyaka) a fassara daga Turanci yana nufin iyaka.
Girman jiki daga 13 zuwa 14.5 cm.
Cancantar canji
Bambancin ra'ayi yana rarrabe ta hanyar mottled juna akan jiki. Daga cikin canaries, ana rarrabe abubuwa biyu: giyar mai zinari da ta azurfa. Abin ban sha'awa ne cewa kyawawan kayan adonsu sunyi ɗan gajeren lokaci - tsuntsaye suna rasa haske bayan sun yi kuwwa, sai su yi ɗaci.
Tarihin Gida
A karni na XVI, an kawo canjin farko daga tsibirin Canary zuwa Turai, da farko zuwa Cadiz, sannan Italiya kuma daga nan sai yada shi zuwa arewa kamar kaji. Bayan haka, ta fara daji a tsibirin Elba.
Canary kiwo yana da matukar bunƙasa kuma akwai mutane da yawa. Da farko dai, 'yan Kasuwanci suna cinikin kwastomomi, tunda, suna ɓoye wuraren haihuwar su, sun sayar da maza ne kawai cikin farashi mai daraja. Koyaya, daga ƙarni na sha shida, canary ya fara yadawa da sauri, da farko a Italiya, sannan a Tyrol da Jamus. Yawancin sababbin dabbobin an gundura su daga canary na Tyrolean, wanda aka fi daraja saboda kyawawan gashin fuka-fukai, kuma a cikin Netherlands, Faransa da Ingila, ta hanyar zaɓin, sun inganta yawanci mafi yawan kayan kwalliyar tsuntsaye, a Jamus ƙwarewar fasahar wannan tsuntsu, suna mai da hankali sosai ga samun nagarta. mawaƙa. Darwin ya ambaci jerin nau'ikan canaries 27, waɗanda aka sani har zuwa 1718 a Faransa kaɗai.
A cikin Jamus, da farko mahimman shayarwa na canaries ya faru a Harz (St. Andreasberg da sauran wurare), Hanover, Leipzig, Magdeburg, Frankfurt am Main, Nuremberg, Stuttgart da Berlin. An fitar da adadin canaries daga Jamus zuwa wasu ƙasashe, musamman zuwa Arewacin Amurka, Australiya da Rasha. A ƙarshen XIX - farkon karni na XX, juyawa na shekara-shekara daga duk kasuwancin canaries a Jamus ya yi daidai da alamun Jamus na 600,000-750,000. An kimanta canaries-sized matsakaici a alamun 15-20, farashin mawaƙa masu kyau ya kai 50-100, kuma don mafi kyawun (Prima Harzer Roller) har ma alamun 150. Fadada wuraren kiwo canary ya ba da gudummawa ga bikin shekara-shekara. A Netherlands, ana ba da kulawa ta musamman lokacin da aka samo sabbin dabbobin zuwa tsari, a Ingila - ga launi na canaries. Daga cikin wadansu abubuwa, an toya garwashin ruwan 'ya'yan lemo-orange, wanda aka ciyar da tsuntsayen da abinci mai molt tare da barkono da ke cayenne yayin motsi. Don mafi kyawun kofe sun biya kuɗi mai mahimmanci. An kuma koyar da canaries dabaru iri-iri, wasu ma sun koyi yin koyi da kalaman mutum. Talakawa kannoni na ciyar da hemp da iri na canary, suna kara sukari, biscuits, ganye, da sauransu.An fi dacewa da kayan masarufi na Harz tare da cakuda Boyayyen ƙwai da farin gurasa, tare da ƙari da ƙwayayen hemp a lokacin molting, kuma an ba ɗan ƙaramin ƙwayar canary da ganye. Yaren mutanen Holland nau'ikan ciyar hemp, Turanci - canary iri.
A cikin pre-juyin juya halin Rasha (har zuwa 1917), yawan mafarautan can da ke ƙaruwa koyaushe. Mafi kyawun masana'antar canary suna cikin ƙauyen Polotnyany Zavod na Medynsky gundumar Kaluga da kuma a cikin garin Borovsk a cikin lardin guda, a cikin Tula, a Pavlov, lardin Nizhny Novgorod da kuma a Moscow. A cikin ƙauyen Polotnyany Zavod, yawancin ɓangaren jama'a sun kasance cikin aikin narkar da canaries, wanda ya tashi har zuwa karni na 19, kuma an sayar da su a cikin bazara, ko dai a kan tabo ga masu siye ko ta hanyar bayarwa ta hannun masu siyar da Odessa, Kharkov, Ekaterinoslav, Kazan har ma da Irkutsk. Bayan an sanya masu kayan aiki a kan hanya, ana rarrabasu gwargwadon farashin kuri'a sannan ana tattara kowane kuri'a a cikin wata jaka daban, daga inda aka watsa su a cikin hanyar musamman ta na'urar. A jimilla, an fitar da kusan guda 4,000 kowace shekara daga masana'antar Linen zuwa adadin kimanin 7,600 rubles, tare da darajar mata daga 20 zuwa 40 kopecks, da maza daga 3 zuwa 4 rubles, ban da musamman waɗanda suka yi fice, masu daraja har zuwa 50 rubles. A lokacin da kiwo canaries, suna zaune a cikin gidaje daban, wanda aka shirya mazaunin gida biyu, ya yi liyi da auduga ko ƙaramin wanki da lint. Bayan makonni 2-3, mace, tana gyara mazaunin, ta sanya ƙwai, ta ba ƙyamar yaran kuma ta ciyar da su tsawon makonni 2-3, wanda kuma mazan suka yi rabo. Bayan ciyarwa, kwanciya kwai, ƙyamar ƙaramin, da sauransu, har zuwa 3-4, wani lokacin har zuwa sau 7 a shekara, suna fara sake. Lokacin da samarin suka fara raira waƙa, an ɗauke su daga gidaje kuma sun rabu da matan. Don koyon raye-raye, sun rataye su a cikin keji daga mawaƙiyar mawaƙa ta farko ko an yi su a kan sashin musamman, haka kuma sun yi birgima a kan bututu.
Don haka, ana riƙe da allurai a sel a cikin kusan shekara 500. Waɗannan cikakkun tsuntsayen gida ne. A cikin shekaru 500 da suka gabata na zaman talala, zaɓaɓɓun launuka, kayan adon kwalliya da waƙoƙi an taɓo su ta hanyar zaɓi. A cikin ƙasashe da yawa, har yanzu ana ci gaba da aikin kiwo.
Ma'aikatar Aikin Gona ta Tarayyar Rasha a 2007 an yi wa rijistar reshen kwalayen ne a cikin 2007.
Canary din ana iya tarko dashi, ana amincewa dashi gabaɗaya, kuma za'a iya inganta shi zuwa "Ilimi" kuma an sami nasarar yada shi a gida. Ingancin aiki da waka, haihuwa, da tsawon rayuwar tsuntsu ya dogara ne akan ingantaccen kulawa da kula da tsuntsu. Canaries na iya zama a gida har tsawon shekaru 7-12, dauke su a cikin keji da aviaries.
Kwayoyin an yi su da katako mai itace: beech, itacen oak, ash, da sauransu. Zaka iya amfani da katako na karfe. Su ne mafi sauki ga wanka, sauki don ƙanshi. Kwayoyin Plexiglas suna da ƙananan rarraba. A cikinsu, tsuntsu a bayyane yake daga kowane bangare. Siffar sel mafi kusurwa masu dacewa. Za'a iya sanya su a saman juna ta yadda idan aka kiyaye tsuntsaye da yawa a cikin keji ba za su ga juna ba, wanda ke nufin za su yi waƙa ba tare da haushi ba. Girman sel yakamata ya zama cewa tsuntsun da ke ciki na iya tafiya da yardar rai, ya tashi, kuma ya isa domin a saka shi a ciki sau biyu a cikin bene guda.
Girman keji ita ce cm 30-35 a tsayi, 20-22 cm a faɗin, kuma tsayinsa ya kasance cm 27 zuwa 29. Nisan da ke tsakanin sandunan bai wuce cm 1-2 ba. Doorofar a cikin keji ya kamata a kasance a gefen. Dole kasan ya kasance ninki biyu, zai fi dacewa da bakin karfe wanda ba bakin ciki ba (na ciki) kuma dole ne ya zama mai rushewa domin ya zama ya fi sauki tsaftace keji, canza yashi a ciki kuma aiwatar da tsintsiyar.
Ana iya sanya masu ciyarwa a kasan keji, amma wannan yakan haifar da abinci da keji. Yana da duk da haka kyawawa cewa feeders a cikin kwatancen masu tsawo ne. A wannan matsayin, yana da sauƙi a sauƙaƙe su yayin ciyarwa kuma tsuntsayen za su sami ƙarancin damuwa.
A cikin keji yakamata ya sami perch ga tsuntsu, wanda yake shi ne zagaye da ke da kauri wanda bai wuce 1.5 cm ba. Nisa tsakanin farjin yakamata ya zama wannan, tsalle daga wannan zuwa wani, tsuntsun zai iya fuka fukafukinsa ba da yardar rai ba.
Don rukunin kula da wuraren kiwon kaji, dabbobi na dabbobi, an yi amfani da keji, an yi amfani da kujerun tashi. Kwayoyin Spaniya sunfi girma fiye da yadda aka saba. Don jigilar tsuntsaye, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da keji.
Canaries suna son iyo. Yin wanka yana tsabtace fata kuma yana ƙarfafa ɗaukar jini. Wanke ruwan wanka ya kamata ya kasance da yawan zafin jiki a dakin. Kayan wanka tayi a bangon kofar don kada ruwa ya shiga keji. Bayan kowace wanka, an share gidan wanka kuma ana rufe ƙofofin. Ya kamata a wanke wanka kowace rana. Ya kamata a horar da canaries a cikin wanka tun daga farkon shekarun, wato, daga lokacin da aka ajiye su daga mace - bayan kwanaki 30-35.
Ya kamata a tsabtace sel a ƙalla sau biyu a mako. A wannan lokacin, tsuntsu yana buƙatar yaɗa shi - distilled cikin wani keji, yana sanya cages tare da buɗe ƙofofin juna. Dukkanin kaya na keji - a kwanon rufi, mai ciyarwa, kwanukan shan ruwa, dogayen sanda - dole ne a cire shi kuma a shafe shi da ruwa mai zafi, sannan a dunƙule shi da tsabtace tare da maganin chlorophos, jiko na chamomile. Sassan sandar ma suma. Kamar yadda muka fada a baya, tilas ne su zama a ciki, ta yadda za'a iya murƙushe kuɗaɗen ta hanyar bugawa, girgiza fari akan takarda.
Bayan kamuwa da cuta, dole ne a wanke keji da kayan aikin sosai, a goge shi, a goge shi kuma a sake bushewa. Ana zuba chamomile bushewa a ƙarƙashin pallet kuma an saka shi a cikin asalin sa. Danshi, busassun kogin yashi, wani yanki mai santsi na kwankwasiqen kwai mai narkewa daga kwai da aka dafa, ana zuba shi a jikin wata karamar pallet (kasan keji). Sandar yashi da kwai suna ba da ma'adinan tsuntsayen, da tallafawa lafiyarta da inganta narkewar abinci. Bayan haka, ana zuba abinci a cikin masu ciyarwa kuma a sa su a wurin ciyar.
Ruwan sha ya kamata ya kasance da yawan zafin jiki a ɗakin. An zuba shi a cikin gilashin ko kwanon abinci na ƙaramin girman (3-4 cm tsayi) kuma an sanya shi a ƙasan keji a wurin da ya dace da shan tsuntsayen. Tsakanin sandunan tantanin halitta, zaku iya saka ƙananan fulogi a cikin tsari mai dunƙulen katako ko kuma daskararren filastik don ciyar da zuma na lokaci-lokaci, karas grated, gwaiduwa ban da babban abincin.
An sanya keji a cikin wani wuri mai cike da wuta, amma ba a rana ba, ba a taga ba, kuma ba a cikin daftarin ba. Idan dakin ya rufe, zaku iya kuma ya kamata ku bar tsuntsu ya tashi. A farko mintuna 5 - 10, sannan kuma har zuwa minti 40-45. Kuna iya koya tsuntsu ya zauna a kan hannunka, a kafada, amma wannan yana buƙatar haƙuri da yawa. Ya kamata a kusaci kulle-kullen tare da canaries ta hanyar da tsuntsaye suka gan ka: zance da su cikin ma, murya mai taushi, zaka sami amincin tsuntsun, har ma zaka koya musu su zauna a hannayensu.
Canary tsuntsu. Bayanin, fasali, nau'in halitta, salon rayuwa da mazaunin canary
Canary tsuntsu karami. Godiya ga iyawar ta na bayarda kwalliya kwalliya, duk da irin yadda take da kyau, amma ta samu karbuwa da kaunar mutane da yawa. Pevunya ba ta kawo damuwa ba, amma kawai jin daɗin ɗayan kwatankwacinsa ne, ba ta da sauƙin rikicewa, wanda aka maye gurbinsu ta hanyar waƙoƙin ban mamaki a cikin sauti. Karamar ba ya ɗaukar sarari da yawa a cikin ɗakin. Abu ne mai sauƙi ka kula da ita kuma baka buƙatar ɓata lokaci tare tafiya da dabbobin ka.
Zabi
Canaries suna shayarwa a sel a cikin daruruwan shekaru. Abubuwan da ke cikin gidan canary yana da filastik. Ta hanyar canza yanayin ciyarwa, zaku iya sanya canary canza launi na plumage.
A cikin ƙasarsu, a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, a cikin canaries na daji, lokacin kiwo ya fara a cikin farkon 2 na Maris. Mafi kyawun lokacin dabbar ta canjin kiwo da kiwo a cikin yanayinmu shi ne bazara (Maris, Afrilu, Mayu). A wannan lokacin, awanni mafi yawan hasken rana, kuma mace na iya ciyar da kawunansu tsawon rai. Don samun kyakkyawan zuriya, ya zama dole a hankali zaɓi ɗan da mace. Namiji (kenar) yakamata ya kasance babba, tare da waƙa mai ban sha'awa, kyakkyawa mai ɗorawa, mai aiki. Shekaru - aƙalla shekara 1. Dole ne mace ta kasance tana da halaye da suka dace. Yana da kyawawa don zaɓar maza daga shekara ɗaya da rabi zuwa shekara biyu har ma har zuwa shekaru biyar a cikin nau'i-nau'i, kuma mace daga watanni 11 zuwa uku zuwa shekaru huɗu. Dukansu masana'antun suna yin tasiri cikin launi na zuriya, kuma namiji yana tasiri da halayen sautuka, mai saukin kamuwa da waƙar da ji. Hakanan ya kamata a la'akari da wannan yayin zaɓar ma'aurata.
Wadansu masu son maguzawa suna yin hada-hada tsakanin namiji daya da mace biyu zuwa uku kuma a lokaci guda suna samun broods na al'ada, amma wannan yana bukatar kwarewa sosai. Hanya mafi sauƙin haɗuwa don haɗa namiji ɗaya da mace ɗaya. Kafin a daidaita, an sanya keji tare da namiji da keji tare da mace kusa da juna domin tsuntsayen su ga junan su kuma su fara nuna son juna. Namiji a cikin wannan lokacin ana ba shi kowace rana, don kwanaki 5-6, ban da abinci mai taushi. Theara abincin da mata. Shirya domin dabbar ta hanyar canjin tsuntsaye ana shuka su ne a cikin keji. Namiji shine farkon wanda za'a shuka, kuma bayan kwana ɗaya ko biyu, mace ana shuka ta. A wannan lokacin, namiji zai sami kwanciyar hankali tare da sabon yanayin. Mace, wanda aka gabatar wa namiji, da sauri ma'aurata tare da shi kuma ya ci gaba da aikin ginin gidan. Daga farkon haduwa da gina gida har zuwa kwancen kwan farko, kwana uku zuwa goma suka wuce.
An matsi na iya zama na yau da kullun ko ya fi girma. Ana iya rataya gida a kusurwar keji daga ciki ko a waje, a cikin wani wuri mai natsuwa. A cikin yanayi, canaries suna da gida mai kama da kofi don haka manoma masu son canada su yi daidai da gida mai wucin gadi ko tushe don mazaunin, yawanci ana yi da sutura.
Domin mace ta yi kwanciyar hankali a hankali, tana bukatar sanya kayan cikin yadin da aka yanka da auduga ko zaren lilin 2-3 cm a girma, kananan guda na lilin ko kayan auduga, har ma da busassun ciyawa. A tsakanin kwanaki 6-7, mace ta gina gida, bayan haka ta fara sa ƙwai. Da zaran an aza kwan farko, ya zama dole a cire sauran kayan gini, don cike gurbin da yashi, don share tarkace tarin tarkace. Anyi wannan ne saboda wasu lokuta mace zata ci gaba da gina gida kuma a lokaci guda tana fasa kwai. Ba za ku iya canza wurin mazaunin ba ko kuma sake shirya keji bayan mace ta sanya kwai kuma musamman ma bayan da kukan nan ya bayyana ko kuma gaba ɗaya brood. Idan akwai buƙatar gaggawa, wannan dole ne kuyi wannan a hankali kuma cikin dare kawai. Akwai wasu lokutan da mace ta bar gida, ta je ta ciyar da kajin. Kwanciya ƙwai zai iya wuce kwanaki 4-6. Bayan mace ta sanya qwai 3-4, za a cire namiji daga cikin keji, kamar yadda mace da kanta za ta iya ciyar da kajin. Amma zaka iya barin namiji, kuma zai taimaka wajan mace wajen kyankyasar da kuma ciyar da kajin.
Mace canary tayan kajin har tsawon kwanaki 13. Maza kuma suna shiga cikin ƙwayayen ƙwai. A lokacin da mace za ta ciyar, ya maye gurbin ta. A ranar 14, kajin na kyankyasai daga qwai. Sa'o'i 3-4 bayan bayyanar kajin, mace fara ciyar da su. Duk iyaye biyu daga baki suna ciyar da kajin. Akwai lokutan da namiji ya lalata gida, ya jefa ƙwai har ma da kajin daga can. Irin wannan namijin dole ne a daure shi nan da nan. Babban abu shine cewa a cikin masu ciyarwa a ko da yaushe akwai hatsi mai taushi. A wannan lokacin, ana bai wa mace, ban da cakuda hatsi, abinci mai laushi - taro mai yawan dafaffen ƙwayaye tare da gurasar katako.
Fledglings daga gida da farko suna kama, marasa ƙarfi. A ranar 24-28th bayan tsere, kajin, sun sauka daga iyayensu, suna nema kuma ku ci abinci mai laushi da abinci mai kyau. Malean mata maza na rana a ranar 35-37th bayan tashi daga gida don fara zuwa hum (twitter). Sautin da saurayi ya yi mai zurfi ne, mai tsawo da kuma ci gaba. "Waƙa" na budurwa ta fi girma, gajeru da tsana, tare da manyan hutu. Wannan lokacin "waƙa" a cikin kananan tsuntsaye gajere ne: kwanaki 10-12 kafin a fara yin waka. Yayin samartaka, kuna buƙatar ƙayyade jinsi na tsuntsaye. Maza yawanci suna fara twitter, goan gogaggun maza, da mata suna yin sauti "tiv-tiv". Wadanne maza da aka sansu suna buƙatar daure su, kowannensu a cikin keji, kuma za'a iya kiyaye mace a tare a cikin keji. Maza matasa masu shekaru 5-6 watanni sun fara raira waƙa cikin murya mara cika da raɗaɗi, kuma bayan watanni 8-9 sun isa cikakkiyar murya. A ingantacciyar hanyar, wakar tana da cikakken ƙarfi ne kawai ta shekara biyu.
Canaries sun sami nasarar haɗa baki tare da sauran tsuntsayen finch, musamman carduelis. Abubuwan da aka haifar suna da kyawawan rawar iyawa, amma ba sa haifar zuriya. [ Ba a ayyana asalin ranar 1164 ba ]
Halittu
Halittar kwayoyin halittar mutum
- Matakan da aka ajiye na nucleotide a cikin bayanan Shiga, GenBank, NCBI, Amurka: 627 017 (samun dama ga Maris 14, 2015).
- Tsarin jerin furotin da aka sanya a cikin tsarin bayanai Shiga ciki, GenBank, NCBI, Amurka: 17,921 (samun dama ga Maris 14, 2015).
Canary na cikin gida (tare da ainihin nau'in daji na Canary finch na Canary) - kamar yadda aka samo shi daya daga cikin wakilan dangi da aka yi nazari sosai. Frillillidae - Mafi yawa daga jerin abubuwan nucleotide suna daga cikin finch da dukkanin passerines.
A cikin shekarar 2014, an yi jerin gwanon jerin abubuwan cikewar kwayoyin halittar kwayoyin halittar jini.
Canary Canary
An dauki lokaci mai tsawo (a Burtaniya har zuwa 1987), ana amfani da canaries a matsayin hanyar farko don gano gas a ma’adanai. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da matukar damuwa ga gas, gami da methane da carbon monoxide, kuma suna mutuwa har da karancin wani abu a cikin iska. Ma'aikatan jirgin sun ɗauki wani keji tare da tonon ma'adinai don kallon tsuntsu yayin aiki. Hakanan, ana amfani da canaries sau da yawa daga masu ceto waɗanda ke saukowa cikin ma'adanan gaggawa.
Kulawa da Gida
Gban littafin tarihi bashi da ma'ana, kula da su ba mai wahala bane kuma baya dogaro da jinsin da mai shi ya zaɓa. Abin sani kawai ya zama dole don sanin yanayin asali da kulawa da zata mamaye tsuntsaye. Canaries suna buƙatar ginawa ko siyan keji.
Bai kamata a yi wa gidan kwalliya tare da wuce gona da iri ba, gidaje da ƙarin kari. Kyakkyawan tsari zai zama dacewa ga halittu masu ban mamaki kuma mai shi ba zai haifar da matsaloli ba a tsaftacewa. Matsakaici ya dogara da burin shuka. Kenor shi kaɗai akwatin ɗan fili ne mai fa'ida.
Don kiwo, wajibi ne a raba wuraren zama:
- a cikin keji guda za a sami namiji,
- Za a buƙaci gidan na biyu don haɗakarwa da kiwo,
- wuri na uku an yi niyya ne ga youngan mata da kajin.
Canary keji yana da faranti ko filastik baya bango, kuma gaban gefen ya kamata ya zama raga ko trellised. Sun shigar da kofofi 2 wanda za a samu shinge mai hingi da kayan wanka, ta irin wannan bude mai shi zai tsaftace dakin.
Za a rataye sandunan daga jikin hanyar domin tsuntsaye su tashi daga wannan mashigin zuwa wani. An zaɓi diamita na dogayen sanda a 14 mm. Suna da sauƙin daidaitawa da kwanciyar hankali a riƙe. Masu ciyarwa sun kafa daban don yayyafa takin ma'adinai, hatsi kuma ya sanya abinci mai taushi. Tsuntsayen suna son shan ruwan wanka. Haɗa tabarma mai rataye ko sanya gilashi mara nauyi a ƙasa.
Mai shayarwa yana a haɗe don ya dace don cika. Dukkanin kulawa sun haɗa da tsabtace tsabtacewa, tsabtace datti da tarkace abinci. Ana buƙatar canza ruwa lokaci-lokaci yayin ƙazamar yanayi, dabbobi ba sa son kuma ba za su iya yin haƙuri da datti ba. Ya kamata a tabbatar cewa hatsi ba m - yana haifar da kamuwa da cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtuka.
Kamar dabbobin gida na yau da kullun, canaries suna son zafin jiki na ɗakin, zayyana masu haɗari a gare su. Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar tunani game da wurin kiyaye tsuntsaye. An sanya keji daga batura, kwandunan iska, taga shine gidan gidan tsuntsayen tsaye, yana da kyau a rufe shi.
Karka sanya gidan a girkin. Canza yanayin zazzabi koyaushe, hayaƙi da ƙanshin abinci daga dafa abinci bazai kawo fa'idodi ba. Tabbatar da shawarwarin kiyaye gidan a wuraren da ba a kai ga sauran dabbobi.Don haka ba su sami damar jefa gida daga windowsill ba kuma sun sami abin farauta mai ban sha'awa.
Mazaunin tsuntsaye ya kamata ya zama mai ɗumi, haske da bushe. Hasken rana, idan ba sa zafin wuta, ba zai tsoma baki ga cigaban al'ada ba. A lokacin rani, dabbobi suna jin daɗi a baranda ko loggias. Ana tsabtace tsabtatawa akai-akai, amma ba za ku iya barin tsuntsu ya fita yawo ba don ya gudanar da al'amuransa a ciki.
Sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar tunani:
- game da kayan cirewa,
- zurfin-zuriyar dabbobi,
- yashi a ƙasa
- takarda mai narkewa.
Dole ne maigidan ya yanke shawara wa kansa abin da ya fi dacewa a gare shi canji da kuma sauƙin sauƙin tsaftace shi.
Bayanan Gaske
An bambanta tsuntsaye ta hanyar rayuwar su ta hannu. A lokaci guda, tare da ciyar da rashin dacewa, suna fuskantar kiba.
- bi abinci
- haɓaka menu
- rage cin abincin hatsi.
Dole ne mai shayarwa ya lura da aminci, kula da lafiya. Wannan baya nufin cewa dole ne ka fita zuwa dakin a waje. Idan dabbobin suna zaune a cikin gida wanda suke da niyyar farauta, to baza su iya ɓoye wa masu tayar da zaune tsaye a cikin dakin ba.
Tsuntsu zai fara farawa, turawa bango da kayan daki kuma, idan ya ga bude taga, tabbas zai warke. Akwai ma ƙarin haɗari. Dabbobin gida ba su saba da samun abinci ba, yanayin da ba a san shi ba zai haifar da mutuwa.
Yayin tafiya kyauta a cikin gidan, yanayi mai haɗari yana jiran canary:
- baƙin ƙarfe ba a kashe
- ƙona mai ƙonawa
- labule inda yake da sauki rikice,
- rata - inda ba za ka iya dawowa cikin keji ba.
Tabbas, zai zama mai ban sha'awa ga tsuntsu ya tashi a cikin sarari mafi girma, amma masu shayarwa na Kenya ba su ba da shawarar irin waɗannan abubuwan da suka faru don kare rayuwar tsuntsu daga raunin da damuwa. Af, wata hujja mai ban sha'awa. Ga labari "Rasha canari »Dina Ruby ya sami farin jini sosai. Don haka har marubutan ma suna kiran abubuwan tarihinsu da sunan taken.