Akwai kimanin ƙasashe masu kuzari 15, kuma wakilan dangi mai aminci suna rayuwa kusan a duk duniya: a Turai, Maroko, China, gabas da kudu na Asiya, Ostiraliya da sauran yankuna. Barewar Wapiti Shine sunan gama gari don tallafin wadannan dabbobin a Arewacin Amurka.

Siffofi da mazauninsu

'Yan asalin Kanada da na Amurka sun nuna dabba wapiti Kalmar turanci "elk" a Turai yana nufin muz. Wasu rikice-rikice a cikin sunaye ya faru ne ta dalilin cewa manyan masu girma suna bambanta duka deer da gwiwar hannu. Akwai kurakurai a cikin fassarar rubutu.

Menene sifofin wapiti? A Arewacin Amurka, cikin asashe shida, biyu ana ɗaukarsu an ƙare, sauran ana samun su a cikin jihohi daban-daban na Amurka da filayen arewa da yankuna na daji na Kanada.

Duk ana rarrabe su ta manyan ƙaho, mai kafa kambi mai ɗaukaka. Differencesananan bambance-bambance iri: manyan barewa suna zaune a cikin Manitoba na Kanada, kuma ƙananan a cikin kudancin kudancin California. Duk da "nauyi na kambi", dabbobin suna da falala da girman kai. Manufar ja deer shine alamomin su na gaba daya.

An fassara sunan nau'in halittar kasar Sin a matsayin "yalwa", saboda haka an dade da daidaita mahimmancin wapiti ga dan adam. Ana farauta deer saboda nama, konkoma karãtunsa, ƙaho, don haka an rage adadin su sosai, yawancin kuɗaɗe sun ɓace saboda asarar mazauninsu. Kodayake a cikin halin yanzu farauta a gare su an haramta su kuma yawancin wuraren su an ajiye su kuma yin kiliya, an jera dabbar a cikin Littafin Ruwan Sabuwa saboda barazanar lalata.

Tabar Wapiti har zuwa tsayin mita 1.5, girmansa daidai da tsayin jiki. Girman girma yana ƙaruwa saboda ƙaho a cikin kewayon har zuwa 2 m kuma tare da matakai da yawa da ƙirar haɓaka, babban adadin wanda ya kai kilogiram 16. Ragewar fari na faruwa kowace shekara a cikin hunturu, sannan su girma.

Jimlar nauyin babban namiji shine kilogiram 300-400. Matar tana da ƙima kuma ba ta da kaho. Launin rigar kwalliyar launin toka-mai-launin toka-juye, juya zuwa launin ruwan kasa-kasa-da-baki a wuƙaƙen wuya, ciki da kafafu.

Samun girma shine tabo, amma tare da haɓakar dabba, suturar ta sami ko sautikan. Ana bambanta ɗan dego ta “madubi”, babban fili mai launin shuɗi-fari a gindin wutsiya. Wannan yana taimaka wa dabbobi su sami junan su a cikin gandun daji da ke nesa nesa.

Itea'idodin wuraren wapiti deer sune gandun daji, tuddai da madigo tare da buɗe kwarin da ke cike da kwari. Tsarin daji-iri tare da dasa shuki da ciyayi mai yawa da ke jan dabbobi da abinci mai kyau.

Halin Wapiti da salon rayuwa

Wapiti suna zaune a cikin ƙananan garkunan dabbobi, waɗanda shugabanninsu mazan ne. Maza suna rayuwarsu har zuwa lokacin fita. Ayyukan magari yana bayyana da maraice da kuma dare. Ba sa son rana, da rana kawai a kan hadari yanayin da suke fita zuwa makiyaya. Wapiti kusan a koyaushe suna yin ƙoƙarin nemo abinci a kan makiyaya da kuma gawarwakin.

Maza da mata an keɓance su, sai don lokacin dabbar ta hanyar canjin yanayi, wanda ke farawa a farkon kaka, a watan Satumba. A wannan lokacin, maza dole ne su tabbatar da karfi da karfin jagora tare da auna karfin su tare da sauran masu nema. Ana iya ganin Gon a cikin manyan wuraren shakatawa na ƙasar Amurka.

Sautin kukan mai busa ƙaho yana da ƙarfi da ƙasa, kusan koyaushe yana ƙarewa da kukan sautin ƙarfi. Jin sautin wapiti yana sokinsa, wani lokacin yayi kama da wani abu. Sautin da aka fitar ya zama batun nazarin kwararru waɗanda suka tabbatar da cewa tsarin musamman na maƙogwaron yana ba da damar iska ta fita ta hanyoyi daban-daban.

Jiƙewa sun tashi daga motsi na hanci wanda hancin iska yake wucewa. Sauti mai girma-girma ana haihuwar sa ne daga motsi ta hanyar glottis. Wani tsari mai kama da na maƙogwaron yana kawo jan zuriya kusa da barewa mai dangantaka.

Sautin kukan mai sanyi yana tunatar da haruffan fim “Ubangiji na Zobba” - Nazgul. Tabar Wapiti ba su ma san yadda za su iya tsoratar da baƙi zuwa wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa ba, suna kiran dangi.

Maganar aminci ba ta wanzu, mai nasarar duel yana karɓar duk haƙƙoƙin mata na garken. Zai dawwama har lokacin sanyi, har zuwa gajiya da ci sun sha wahala. Mata masu juna biyu sun zama masu hankali, kuma a cikin wuraren kiwo suna ba da dama ga maza, waɗanda ke sake samun ƙarfi a cikin hunturu.

Abincin Wapiti

Yawancin abincin barewa ya ƙunshi tumatir na ganye, harbe-tsire na tsire-tsire, ganye da ganye, 'ya'yan itatuwa da suka faɗi, itacen ɓaure da ƙwayaye. Cikakke berries ya zama magani don artiodactyls. A cikin lokacin hunturu da ke fama da yunwa, wapiti suna cin haushi da bishiyoyi har ma da lokaci-lokaci allura.

Makirci yakan ci abinci da yawa, saboda haka halayen abincin sa koyaushe ana ganin su: ciyawar an tattake, ciyayi sun bushe. Neman abinci yakan sa garkunan barewa su yi ta yawo. A cikin hunturu, dabbobi suna shiga cikin dazuzzuka kuma gano halaye na zaman su ma ba mai wahala bane: zasu karɓi dusar ƙanƙara tare da halaye na masaukai, haushi bishiyoyin da ke kusa da su.

A gefen gawawwakin jikkunan ruwa, ana ɗaukar sha'awar barewa zuwa bakin ruwan da yakaɓu. Yana faruwa cewa bayan su dabbobi sun hau cikin ruwa har ma sun nutse har zuwa zurfin 5 m don magani. Dearamin saurayi shine farkon abincin kitse na mahaifiya da mai kauri tsawon watanni 9.

Amma a hankali, yin kwaikwayon ɗabi'arta, suna ƙoƙarin furanni na farko da matasa ganye masu laushi. Kudin na samar da saurin bunƙasa dabbobi matasa - 1-2 kilogiram a rana! Sannan barewa sun yanke shawara wa kansu yadda zasu sami ragowar ciyawa. Wapiti yana da ƙanshin kyau.

Wapiti kiwo da tsawon rai

Nono ya zama mai balaga ta hanyar shekaru 1.5-2. Amma bambanci tsakanin maza shine cewa ba a basu damar yin tsere daga shekaru 3 zuwa 6. A wannan lokacin, dole ne su tabbatar da cewa sun yi ƙarfi, masu koshin lafiya da ƙarfi don zuriyar, zuriya.

Samun ƙarfi, bareyin matasa ya zama mai aiki tare da yin kuwwa game da haƙƙinsu. Ana jin muryoyin maza na tsawon kilomita 5-10. Yayin tseron, dabbobin suna da m kuma a shirye suke su gama da kowa, zasu iya kaiwa mutum hari.

Halinsu na yau da kullun ya canza: suna shan ruwa mai yawa, rasa nauyi, karya rassan da rub a kan bishiyoyi, bugi ƙasa da ƙafafunsu kuma suna nuna ƙarfin da aka tara. Yakin abokan hamayya ba koyaushe yake faruwa ba, amma idan yakai ga fada, to dabbobi zasuyi gwagwarmaya har zuwa karshensa. Akwai wani lokacin da abokan hamayya suka kasance mated ta ƙaho wanda ba za su iya rarraba ba kuma dukansu sun mutu saboda matsananciyar yunwar.

Farkon furucin ya bayyana a mace cikin shekaru uku. Mahaifiyarsa takan ɓoye shi a cikin ciyawar ciyawa a lokacin da take cin abinci a kusa. Mako guda baya, jariri ya fara zuwa farkon lokacin bayan mahaifiyarsa kuma a hankali ya koyi komai ta hanyar kwaikwayon.

Rayuwa wapiti a cikin daji har zuwa shekaru 20, kuma cikin ajiyar kaya - har zuwa shekaru 30. Consideredaƙƙarfan ja na Wapiti ana ɗaukar dabbobi da basu da lahani kuma masu kirki, duk da girman su da ƙaho. Kyawawa da alheri yasa su zama dukiyar kasa.

Mai ba da labari: bayanin, tsari, halaye. Menene deer yayi kama?

Ner ya kasance na masu haɓaka, dabbobi masu shayarwa, gidan barewa (barewa). Sunanmu ga wannan dabbar “deer” ta fito ne daga tsohuwar “Slayer”, kamar yadda magabatanmu suka kira wannan dabba mai santsi.

Girman barewar ya bambanta da nau'ikansa, alal misali, haɓakar babban reindeer yana daga mita 0.8 zuwa 1.5, tsayin jikin mutum shine mita 2 tare da nauyin kilogram 200. Yayin da ƙaramin barewa wanda yake ɗaukar tsayi mita 1 ne kawai kuma yana yin nauyi ba tare da kilogram 50 ba.

Jiki mafi siririn jiki yana da deer mai daraja, yana da gindawa gwargwado, dogaye mai tsawo, wani ɗan madaidaicin girman kai.

Idon barewa mai launin shuɗi-launi cikin launi, tsagi mai zurfi yana nan kusa.

Wasu daga barewa za su iya yin fahariya da kafaffun kafafu masu ƙyalƙyali, yayin da wasu kuma suna da gajerun kafafu, amma duk ba tare da ban da barewa sun inganta tsokoki na kafafu ba, waɗanda ke zama hanya a gare su. Lallai, ba don komai bane cewa yana daya daga cikin dabbobi mafi sauri guda biyu a cikin duniya, saurin barewa da ke gudu daga masu cin abincin zai iya kaiwa kilomita 55 a awa daya.

Hakoran hakoran alamu ne na tabbatuwa a zamanin sa, gwargwadon sutturar sa da tsagewa (niƙa da tsintsiya da gwoza) kyakkyawan likitan dabbobi zai iya sanin shekarun sa.

An rufe fatar barewa da ulu, wanda zai iya zama duka biyu a lokacin bazara da dumama lokacin sanyi. Launin rigar barewar yawanci launin ruwan kasa ne, launin ruwan kasa, launin toka ko ja.

Kaho ƙaho

Hornsaƙƙarfan ƙaho na barewa ya cancanci a ambaci musamman, saboda wannan shine mafi yawan kayan adon dabbobi, wanda aka mallaka da kowane nau'in barewa (ban da na bareer) kuma kawai maza ne. Mata ba su da tururuwa, amma kuma, ban da reindeer, wanda ke da mace da mace (duk da cewa mace na reindeer tana da ƙaho sau da yawa fiye da maza).

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: yawancin nau'ukan barewa suna datse tsoffin ƙahoninsu sau ɗaya a shekara, kuma sababbi suna fara girma a wurinsu. Kaho mahaukata ya kasance ta gurnani, sannan kuma ta cika da ƙasusuwa, ƙaruwar haɓakar su ta dogara da abincin deer, gwargwadon yadda yake, da sauri an fara tashi.

Rsarancin da ke rayuwa a cikin yanayin wurare masu zafi da daidaituwa na ƙasashen yamma ba su zubar da kaho ba (kusan sau ɗaya kowace shekara) ko kuma ba a kashe su kwata-kwata.

Masu baƙi na barewa suna yin hidima, gami da tsaro, har da kai hari. Kuna iya tambaya, don me za a kai hari makiyayi mai aminci? A zahiri, mazan yakan kasance suna fama da juna saboda mace, a yayin da suke taka tsantsan kahonsu, mace ita ce zata ci nasara tare da ƙaho mai ƙarfi. Har ila yau, Reindeer yana amfani da ƙahon dusar ƙanƙara don tono fitar da reindeer don isa dansandan reindeer, lasisin da ke zama abincin da suka fi so.

A ina ne barewa take zama

Tun da barewa ba su da ma'ana ga mazauninsu kuma suna jin daɗin kwanciyar hankali, a cikin filayen da kuma tsaunuka, duka a cikin sanyi tundra da bel bel, za a iya samun su a wurare da yawa a duniyarmu. Deer suna zaune a cikin ƙasashe da yawa na Turai da Asiya (ciki har da Ukraine), Arewa da Kudancin Amurka, akwai dabbar da ke zaune a Afirka, Australia da New Zealand.

Me barewa ke ci?

Tun da barewar dabba ce mai cin tsire-tsire, abincincinta ya dogara da wuraren da dabbar ke zaune, ko kuma hakan, akan ciyawar waɗancan wuraren. Yawancin barewa suna cin ganye, ƙananan bishiyoyi na bishiyoyi, ciyawa, rassan bishiyoyi, har ila yau, haushi, wanda ke zama babban ɓangaren abincinsu. Tabarwar ba za ta ƙi jin daɗin 'ya'yan itacen ɓaure ba,' ya'yan itace ba, ganyayyaki iri-iri. Manyan da ke zaune a tundra suna ƙaunar cin gansakuka, waɗanda suke tono daga ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara tare da ƙahon su.

Maƙiyin barewa

A karkashin yanayi na dabi'un, kyarketai da bears makiya ne masu hatsarin gaske, wanda daga ciki yakan iya tserewa tare da taimakon ƙafansu. Koyaya, fakitin karnukan kyarketai, musamman aiki cikin tsari, na iya fitar da tsohuwar maraya ko mara lafiya. Hakanan wani maƙiyi mai haɗari na deer shine mafarautan ɗan adam, yana kashe wannan dabbar mai ban mamaki don ƙaho, wanda ke rataye ta hanyar farauta a wani wuri kusa da murhun wuta.

Jin yanayin rayuwa

Deer dabbobi ne masu yawan nono da ke rayuwa a cikin kananan garken mutane 10-30. A lokacin rani, sun gwammace su zauna cikin gandun daji, inda yawancin bishiyoyi da ciyawa suke ciyar dasu a matsayin kyakkyawan tsarin abinci. A cikin hunturu, suna ƙoƙari su yi yawo zuwa cikin ɓarnar da ba za a iya jurewa ba, tunda akwai can akwai daskararren dusar ƙanƙara kuma a sakamakon haka, yalwar abinci a ƙarƙashin murfin dusar ƙanƙara.

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin barewa da gwiwar hannu

Dukda cewa gwiwoyi da barewa kusanne dangi kuma wani lokacin ma sukanyi kuskure a kirasu mafi girma deer, akwai bambance-bambance da dama a tsakaninsu:

• Bambancin farko yana cikin nau'in kaho; cikin muzamai, ƙaho suna haɓaka sararin samaniya zuwa ƙasan duniya, kuma suna da rassa masu yawa. Ana kakkawo ƙahonin barewa koyaushe.
• Yankin ya fi girma girma fiye da barewa, nauyinsa zai iya kaiwa kilo 655, yayin da nauyin mafi girma daga cikin barewar bai wuce kilogram 350 ba.
• Kafafun gwiwar gwiwoyi sun fi tsayi da bakin ciki fiye da na deer.
• Ba kamar barewa ba, muzurai ba sa taɓa tarawa cikin garken dabbobi, suna fifita rayuwa ita kaɗai, tare da mafi yawan nau'i-nau'i na namiji + mace.

A gefen hagu akwai barewa, a gefen dama akwai gwiwar hannu.

Mai ba da labari: bayanin mutum da hoto. Menene dabbar ta yi kama?

Girman wakilan dangi sun sha bamban. Girma daga mai yin reindeer ya tashi daga mita 0.8 zuwa 1.5, tsawon jikin mutum yakai mita 2, kuma bareyin yakai kimanin kilogram 200. Dean ƙaramin barewa da aka kame da wuya ya kai mita 1 a tsayi kuma nauyinsa bai wuce kilo 50 ba.

Ana rarrabe deer mai daraja ta hanyar mafi siririn jiki, yana da ƙari gwargwado, wuyan elongated da haske, ɗan gajeren elongated. Idanun barewa mai launin shuɗi-mai-launin shuɗi, tare da tsagi-tsatsar lacrimal mai zurfi wanda ke kusa da nan. Fada a goshi kadan.

Wasu nau'ikan barewa suna da naƙasasshen ƙarancin gauraye, mai daɗi, wasu kuma gajerun kafafu, amma sun haɗu ta hanyar ingantaccen ƙwayoyin kafafu da gaban yatsunsu waɗanda suka yadu zuwa gaɓoɓin, mahaɗa da membranes.

Haƙƙin Deer alama ce mai kyau na shekarunsa. Dangane da matsayin nika na kwarzane da incisors, curvature da kusurwa na sha'awar, ƙwararrun masani na iya sanin daidai shekarun ƙwaryar.

Dukkanin halittu, ban da dabbar ruwa mai ƙaho, ana rarrabe su da wasu ƙaho (da ake kira antlers), kuma maza ne kaɗai suka bambanta da irin wannan yanayin.

Reindeer shine kawai jinsin barewa wanda mata, tare da maza, suna da kaho, amma akwai ƙarami.

Yawancin nau'in barewa suna saukar da kaho a kowace shekara. A madadinsu, sababbi za su fara girma nan da nan, wanda ya ƙunshi farko na guringuntsi, sannan zubar da jijiyoyin nama. Hornsaƙƙarfan ƙaho ya girma gwargwadon abincirsa: ƙifar abincin, da saurin saurin girma. Balagaggen dake zaune a cikin tsaunukan ƙasa ba su rasa ƙahonsu tsawon shekaru ba, kuma mazaunan mazaunin bel ɗin ba sa asarar su kwata-kwata.

Babban aikin ƙaho bera shi ne tsaro da hari, kuma damar mace ɗaya na namiji ya zama mai nasara a cikin duke don dabbar mace ya dogara da ƙarfin su. Reindeers suna amfani da ƙahoni azaman kayan aikin, suna haƙa dusar ƙanƙara don isa zuwa gansakikan reindeer. Hornsaƙƙarfan ƙaho na bareyin namiji mai shekaru 120 cm.

Deer ya kashe kaho

Kuma wannan barewar ta tsiro ƙahoni marasa ma'ana

Fatar deer ta rufe da gashi, na bakin ciki da gajere a lokacin rani, kuma a cikin hunturu ya fi tsayi da kauri.

Canjin launuka na barewa ya dogara da nau'in kuma yana iya zama launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa, launin toka, ja, fili, tare da aibobi da alamomi.

Deer wata dabba ce da ke tsakanin ashirin mafi sauri.

Saurin barewa da ke gudu daga tseron na iya kaiwa kilomita 50-55 / h.

Menene banbanci tsakanin barewa da barewa

Roe deer, wanda shima wani bangare ne na gidan barewa, ya sha bamban da na karshen ta hanyoyi da dama:

• Hornsaho guda uku ba su da rassa, kamar barewa.
• Deers, ba kamar barewa ba, ba za su taɓa cin itacen itace ba, in ba haka ba abincinsu yana da yawa.
• Akwai bambanci a cikin ciyar da zuriya, idan barewar mata ta ciyar da 'ya'yansu yayin da suke tsaye, barewa yi shi a ƙasa.

Hagu na hagu, damar barewa.

Red barewa

Halayen bayyanar:

• Weight - 250 kilogiram
• Girma - har zuwa 230 cm
• Kowane ƙaho yana da iyakar aiwatarwa 8.
• A lokacin rani, launin ulu mai launin shuɗi ne, a cikin hunturu - launin toka mai launin shuɗi.

Wurin zama shine Gabas ta Tsakiya, Transbaikalia, Altai, Korea da Arewacin China.

Bayyanar

Kayan ƙasa ja da dama ne masu girma dabam. Misali, isasshen barewa da wapiti sunfi kilogiram 300 kuma sun kai tsawon jiki fiye da 2.5 m tare da tsayi a ƙasan 130-160 cm, ƙaramin ɓarawon Bukhara yana da nauyin kilogiram 100 kuma yana da tsawon jiki na 175-190 cm. siffar ƙaho. Misali, deer na Turai yana da tsari mai yawa, kuma barewar ba shi da kambi, amma ƙahon kansa yana da dumbin yawa kuma yana ba da matakai 6-7.

Rayuwa. Abinci mai gina jiki

Balagaggu yana jagoranci ko dai hanyar rayuwa ko ƙazamar rayuwa. Wadanda suke zaune a yankuna masu nisa suna zaune a yankin da yakai kadada 400, babu kankanta kuma baya yawo. A koyaushe suna da isasshen komai, abinci da wuraren mafaka. Ga wadanda ke zaune a tsaunuka, yanki guda bai dace ba.

Eraukaka hoto

Kowace shekara suna yin tsallaka mai tsayi (kilomita 50-150) don nemo wuraren wadataccen abinci da wadataccen gidaje (ƙarancin dusar ƙanƙara). Canjin yana faruwa a cikin hunturu, kuma a ƙarshen bazara, kusa da Mayu, lokacin da duk dusar ƙanƙara ta narke kuma komai ya bushe, deer ya koma tsaunuka, zuwa wuraren da suka gabata.

Yawancin lokaci suna hutawa a gefuna ko a cikin inuwa, dangane da wane yanayi. Idan yana da zafi sosai, za su iya hawa zuwa cikin ruwa don freshen sama su kwantar da ɗan kadan. Kuma a cikin hunturu, don shirya wurin da ba kowa ke nan don bacci da annashuwa, sukan yi ɗan ƙara kaɗan kuma su dusar da dusar ƙanƙara, suna samar da wani irin rami tare da karamin alfarwa. Irin waɗannan "bukkoki" suna ba ku damar ɓoyewa daga sanyi, iska da sanyi.

Tumaki duk tsawon rayuwarsu ko dai sun taru ko kuma su watse. Da farko, mace tana jagorantar karamin garken, wanda ya hada da zuriyarta. Bayan sakewa, irin wannan garken ya tattara daga baya tare da babba namiji. Bayan balaga, matasa dabbobi da sauran zuriyar mace na iya shiga cikin kungiyar. Girman garken na iya zama daga 6 zuwa 30 ko fiye da maƙasudi.

Red barewa tana ciyar da ciyawa. A cikin hunturu, ganye mai fadi, allura, haushi da tsaba daban-daban bishiyoyi da bushes sun dace. Muhimmin sashi na abinci shine gishirin, wanda suke samu cikin gishirin gishiri da ƙasa.

Muhimmacin tattalin arziƙi na dila

Jazo ya daɗe da samun lakabin mafi kyawun abin farauta. Halin gida na barewa shima ya zama ruwan dare saboda wasu dalilai da yawa.

Abincin nama na naman ja ya warkar da kaddarorin. Energyimar ƙwayar ƙwayar kumbura shine 155 Kcal a kowace gram 100, kusan ba ta da mai. Akwai yawancin bitamin da ma'adinai a cikin naman barewa. Likitocin sun ba da shawarar ciki har da maganin ɓarna a cikin abinci don ƙarancin bitamin da ƙarancin metabolism. Naman ba ya cutar da tsarin jijiyoyin jini kuma shine mai karfafawa kwakwalwa aiki. Vitamin B1 (thiamine), wanda aka samo a mai yawa a cikin abincin ɓoye, yana rage mummunan tasirin taba da barasa akan lafiyar ɗan adam.

Jinin Maral na iya sake cika ƙarfin mutum kuma ya jinkirta tsufa. Tun zamanin da, shamanannu ke amfani da wannan dukiyar ta mu'ujiza, suna tilastawa mutane shan sabo da namomin daji. Mazauna Altai da na Arewa har yanzu suna amfani da wannan magani yayin yankan karkarar. Amfani da jinin dabba ga jikin mutum an tabbatar da shi a kimiyance. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu amfani da yawa. Ana yin wasu kwayoyi daga jinin barewa.

Hakanan ana amfani da magungunan Maral a magani. Ana amfani da su kafin su kasance an shafe su. Deaya daga cikin namon ja zai iya ba da nau'i-nau'i na wando guda goma sha biyar a cikin rayuwarsa gaba ɗaya tun daga shekaru biyu. Ana yanke ƙahonin da ɗan gora ko abin ɓoyewa, an yanke wurin yankan ta hanyar hanyar farawar.

Wannan hanya, mara dadi ga barewa, ba ta da babban sakamako. Bayan wani lokaci, ƙaho yakan dawo baya.

A kan tushen antlers na Altai maral, an shirya Pantokrin shiri. Ana samuwa a cikin nau'i na Allunan kuma mafita don barasa. Ana amfani da abun da ke ciki don hawan jini, rauni na tsoka da zuciya. Kwanan nan, warkaswar warkarwa tare da samfuran da aka yi akan asalin marail antlers sun zama sananne. Yin amfani da kayan albarkatun antler a cikin cosmetology azaman wakili mai sabuntawa da maganin shafawa don warkar da raunuka akan fata ya yaɗu.

Kaho wannan dabbar tana alfahari da ita. Kayan ruwa ne kawai a cikin maza da mata ba su da wannan sifar. Matan yawancin wakilan jinsin ma basu da kaho. Koyaya, akwai dabbobi waɗanda mata da maza suke da irin wannan ƙasidar. Don haka, dilatan Arewacin Amurkawa a cikin mata suma suna da kaho. Kawai suna da ƙasa da maza.

Yawancin jinsuna suna zubar da ƙaho kowace shekara. A madadinsu, sababbin ci gaba nan da nan fara haɓakawa. Theaho a cikin aikin haɓakawa ya fara kunshi guringuntsi. Bayan haka, tushe yana cike da ƙasusuwa masu yawa. Ingancin girmancin ya dogara da abin da barewar take ci.

Masu yi suna buƙatar ƙaho don haɓaka damar samun nasara yayin yaƙi maƙiya. Mafi yawan lokuta suna yakar junansu ne na mace. Reindeer suna da ƙaho a cikin maza biyu. Wadannan dabbobin suna yin amfani da kashin kashinsu ne domin tono gansakkun kwari daga karkashin dusar kankara.

Babban memba na dangi

Mafi girma daga dabbobi masu shayarwa shine muzurai (lat Alces sauyawa) Manya na iya isa mita 2.3 a tsayi a kan mayukan kuma suna nauyin kilo 655. Tsawon jikin mutum gazirin yakai mita 3. Kama jikin gajeriyar dabba ya bambanta dan kadan tare da dogayen kafafu a kan manyan kafafu.

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran wakilai daga gidan barewa, ƙwanƙolin gwiwar ya fi girma, tare da manyan lebe. Ba tare da la’akari da jinsi ba, ana sanya fenti dabbar dabbobi a cikin launi mai launin shuɗi, ciki da kafafu sun fi haske da baya da kuma bangarorin. Abubuwan da ke ɗaure na mose suna da nau'i mai laushi sama da sauran wakilan abubuwan halittar. Abin da ya sa muzamin ke da suna "sukhaty".

Moose suna zaune a cikin ƙasashe da yawa na Arewacin Hemisphere, kewayon ya mamaye sararin samaniya daga iyakokin arewacin tundra zuwa yankuna-gandun daji na Kudancin Eurasia da Arewacin Amurka. Yawancin su suna zaune ne a cikin ɓarnar da babu makawa, ko da yake ana neman abinci a gefunan daji ko bakin rafin kogi. Abincin muzur ya bambanta kuma ya ƙunshi kayan marmari, namomin kaza, berries, algae, rassan itace da ƙananan bushes.

Girman Habitat

Waje kiwo ja

Red deer ya mamaye yanki wanda girmansa ya dogara da yawan abinci akan sa. Yawancin abinci, karami girman mazauninsu. Dabbobin suna ba da alama ga rukunin yanar gizon su, kuma wasu mutane daga wani garken kuma ba sa ketare iyaka, kuma idan suka shiga yankin ba da gangan ba, mutane da yawa za su fitar da su nan da nan waɗanda ke tabbatar da cewa lalatattun mazauninsu. A kan kadada 1000, garke na barewa 4 zai iya rayuwa ya ciyar, kuma wataƙila mutane 30, gwargwadon ikon ciyar da wurin.

Rayayyun da suke zaune a tsaunuka suna rayuwa ne cikin ƙaƙƙarfan yanayi, a cikin kaka suna sauka zuwa ƙasa, ƙasa da dusar ƙanƙara kan tsaunuka, kuma daga bazara zuwa kaka sukan hau, inda akwai wadataccen abinci. Da zarar dusar ƙanƙara ta fari, mace tare da cuba cuban sun tafi wuraren yin hunturu, kaɗan daga baya maza suna motsawa a cikin sahun matan. Waɗannan dabbobin suna iyo sosai, don haka abubuwan cikas a cikin nau'i na koguna ba mummunan abu bane a gare su.

Karami mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin duniya

Pudu - smallestaramin ƙanƙani a cikin duniya. Abubuwan biyu ne kawai aka rarrabe a cikin halittar Pudu: pudu ta kudu (lat.Pudu pudu) da pudu ta arewa (lat.Pudu mephistophiles). Pudu wata barewa ce wacce take da gajeru, tsawonta wanda ya wuce 90 cm, tsayin daka a zauren ya bambanta daga 30 zuwa 40 cm, nauyin deer yakai kilogram 7 zuwa 10, kuma tsawon gajerun kaho daga 7 zuwa 10 cm. -brown inuwa, baya da wulakanci kadan duhu, wani lokacin kusan baki.

Par dutsen yana zaune a yankuna na kudu na Chile, Ecuador da Peru. Smallestanana mafi ƙasƙanci a duniya suna ciyar da ganye da ƙananan rassan bishiyoyi da ƙananan bishiyoyi. Ba ya da manyan dabbobi, yana fifita zama shi kaɗai, ƙasa da sau biyu.

Garken janiya ya ƙunshi mutane 3-6, wani lokacin adadinsu yana ƙaruwa. Garken sun hada da mace mai girma da 'ya'yanta a shekarun da suka gabata. Gasar yana farawa a watan Satumba kuma yana gudana zuwa Nuwamba. A wannan lokacin, maza sukan tsara dabbobi daga wasu 'yan mata, wanda adadinsu zai iya zama daga biyu zuwa ashirin. A wasu lokatai, maza suna rayuwa daban. Za a iya jin rowar barewar har tsawon wata guda, ya bazu sosai, tsawon kilomita da yawa. Muryar mai daddawa ya haɗa da sautuka iri-iri, tun daga ƙarami zuwa ƙanƙan da baya, da tunatar da hayaniya. Mafi kyawun ma'anar ma'anar barewa ita ce “muryar ƙaho”, sautin busa ƙaho ne wanda yake shi ne mafi kusancin sauti ga muryar janon. Hotunan rowa da masu zane ke nunawa a cikin zanen: shugaban da aka jefa baya da ƙaho mai ƙyalli, raƙuman ruwa da ke warwatse ƙasa - waɗannan halayen waɗannan dabbobi ne.

A lokacin hada-hada, fada tsakanin maza yana yuwu, godiya ga abin da dabbobin ke kafa tarihi. Abokan hamayya sun yi karo da ƙaho, suna ƙoƙarin bugun juna. Maza masu rauni marasa sauri suna barin filin daga. Kuna iya gano ko namiji yana da ƙarfi ko mai rauni, ba kawai ta hanyar bayyana ba, har ma da murya. Dearamin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi kuma gogaggen gwaggwonar yana da murya mai kaushi da mara ƙarfi, yayin da saurayi da ƙanƙara mai rauni yana da babbar murya da tsarkakakke. Yaki da faɗa ba ƙare da haɗari, kodayake akwai lokutan da mazan suka karya ƙahoninsu, ko kuma aka yi hulɗa da su ta yadda ba za su iya rabuwa da kansu ba don kawai yunwa ta kashe su.

Ana samun daidaitattun mutane a tsakanin maza - ba sa shiga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe, amma suna ƙoƙarin samun natsuwa don shiga cikin halin wani.

Menene banbanci tsakanin gwiwar kai da barewa?

Duk da cewa gwiwoyi da barewa mallakar dangi ɗaya ne, akwai bambance-bambance masu yawa tsakanin su.

• Ruwayen biri da barewa suna da bambance-bambance: a muzzuka, sun fara tasowa a sararin sama dangane da saman duniya kuma suna da rasfi kamar fuka-fuka. Eraho suna tashi sama, kuma ba su da girma da yawa.
• Girman gwiwar itace mafi girma a cikin wakilan deer. Tsarin Mosa na iya kaiwa kilo 655. Yawan nauyin barewa bai wuce kilogram 350 ba, yayin da yawancin halittu matsakaiciyar nauyin yayi daga kilogram 150.
• Kafafun muzuna sun fi girma da kauri daga ƙafar barewa.
• Ana lura da bambance-bambance a cikin ƙungiyar rayuwar dabbobi. Moose, ba kamar barewa ba, ba sa taɓa zama garken dabbobi, amma suna zaune shi kaɗai ko kuma nau'i-nau'i.

Deer a hannun hagu, gwiwa a dama

Siffofin halayen maza

Crimean, Turai, Arewacin Amurka, Siberian ja deer da sauran ƙananan kuɗi ana bambanta su ta wasu fasalullulolin halayen. Waɗannan dabbobin suna jin kunya, m da juyayi. Matasa galibi suna yin yaqi da takwarorinsu. Ba za a iya kira su da wasa ba.

Youngan samari, masu shiga duwatsun, suna tsaye a ƙafafunsu na baya. Tare da wata gabar jiki, suna ƙoƙarin bugun abokan hamayyar. Wannan yawanci baya haifar da rauni na dindindin. Wannan halin yana bawa maza damar sanin matsayin su, wanene a cikinsu yake da ƙarfi. Wanda ya ci nasara yana da 'yancin aure tare da mace kuma ya bar zuriya.

Kiwo da zuriya

Maharbi ja yakan zama mai shiri don kiwo ne kawai da shekara biyu zuwa uku, kuma mace ta sami lokacin balaga da wuri - kimanin misalin goma sha huɗu zuwa goma sha shida. Cutar mafi karancin mace bareyin mace yana kimanin kwanaki 193-263, kuma a cikin tsofaffi thea thean zuriya sukan bayyana ne bayan kwanaki 228-243.

Fawns na wannan nau'in an haife su ne daga tsakiyar watan Mayu har zuwa ƙarshen watan Yuli. A wannan lokacin, dukkan macen mata masu rarrafe sun rabu da garken da aka cakuda da kuma hau kan zurfin isa zuwa gaɓarfan da ke a yankin rafi da koguna. Tsarin haihuwar mace barewa ana yin ta ne da sahun gaban dabbobi da aka zaɓa. Mace galibi tana haihuwar bare guda ɗaya ne kawai, amma a wasu halaye ana haihuwar tagwaye. Matsakaicin nauyin jariri yayi kusan kilo goma.

Dearamin tsuntsun yana da kyawawan launuka masu launuka iri-iri, wanda ke zama kyakkyawan kariya ga dabba kuma yana taimaka masa da sauƙin rufewa a cikin kewayen da ke kewaye. A cikin makonni na farko na rayuwa, launi ne da aka gani wanda shine babbar kariya daga barewar kuma ya tseratar da shi daga harin mahara da yawa.

Wannan abin ban sha'awa ne! A cikin maza wani lokacin akwai wasu mutane masu yawan fuskoki waɗanda basa shiga cikin yaƙin gargajiya tsakanin dabbobi, amma ƙoƙarin yin shisshigi cikin zomayen mutane.

Reindeer ya fara cin abinci da kansu tun daga wata ɗaya. Koyaya, a layi daya tare da cin ciyawa, jarirai suna shayar da madara mace.

Lokacin tsotsa wani lokacin har zuwa shekara. Naman yakan girma cikin sauri da hanzari har kusan wata shida, bayan haka kuma ci gaban da aka samu ya lalace, kuma bayan shekara shida ci gaban dabbar zai daina aiki.

Halin mace

Mace, ba tare da bata lokaci ba, ta kai hari ga duk wanda ya hau kan 'ya'yanta. Ta kan gwada karfi a wurin maharban. Mata basu gama kare abokin adawar su ba. Maƙaddara tana da damar barin bayan tasirin. Maza ba wai kawai za su doke irin waɗannan abokan adawar ba, amma sun tattake su har ya mutu. Saboda haka, karnukan karnuka, idan suka kai hari ga barewa, babban garken ne kawai.

Hadarin

Balagaggu suna da ƙarancin barazanar fiye da sauran nau'ikan. Koyaya, har yanzu suna can. Masu fafutukar wasu lokuta sukan kai musu hari a garken. Koyaya, wannan yana da matukar wuya. Subsungiyoyin 'yan ƙasa na Arewa, irin su Turai, dila, na iya fuskantar haɗari daga matashi. Dabba kamar Wolverine zata iya tsinkayar da barewa. Suna kai hari ga dabbobi waɗanda ba su da ilimi waɗanda ba su da 'yanci sosai.

Bareyin mutane basa cikin hadari. Wolverine ya wuce su. Tare da duk masu farauta, bare yakan shiga cikin duhun. Kusan koyaushe suna nasara da shi.

Babban barazanar da barewa shine mutum. Mutane suna tsoron waɗannan dabbobi. Suna ƙoƙarin gudu. Haka kuma, wannan dabi'a halayyar ba wai kawai a daidai lokacin da barewar ta ga mutum ba. Dabba tayi gudu, harma da karamin karfi, kamshin mutum.

Mace ba za ta kiyaye ɗanta a gaban mutum ba. Za ta gudu. Idan wani namiji ya ɗauki barewa a hannunsa, haka nan macen ba za ta kai wa mutumin hari ba. Ta wuce gefe tana kallon abin da ke faruwa.

Wasu bayanai

Wannan dabba zamantakewa ce. Groupungiyar ta riƙe ta lokacin bazara. Yawan garken na iya zuwa mutum 400. Haske, ji da dandano mai ɗanɗano suna haɓaka da kyau. Duk motsin rai yana cikin sadarwar kowa da kowa.

Red barewa a cikin daji suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 20. A cikin gidan zuzzurfan dabbobi, tsawon rayuwar mutum zai iya kaiwa shekaru 30. A cikin ƙasarmu, an jera wannan nau'in a cikin Littafin Rubutu. Yana ƙarƙashin ikon mutane. Wadansu mutane kan yi kiwo don amfanin gida.

A wasu ƙasashe, deer na wannan nau'in ana ɗaukar kwari. Suna lalata manoma. 'Yan darika sun ci amfanin gona. Saboda haka, an nemi farautar wadannan dabbobi a cikin kasashen Arewacin da Kudancin Amurka. Koyaya, wannan tsari yakamata ya mallaki wannan hukuma.

A yau, ana jin daɗin dabbar wannan nau'in a cikin yawon shakatawa. A cikin magani, ana ƙirƙirar magunguna daban-daban daga jini da ƙaho na waɗannan dabbobi. Naman wannan dabba yana da kaddarorin da yawa masu amfani.

Tunda kayi la’akari da fasali, mazauna da halayen irin wannan dabba kamar dabbar ja, zaku iya fadada iliminka game da wannan wakilin alheri na fauna na daji.

Antors

Red barewar antlers girma

Antlers (ba ƙaho mai ƙaho) na deer suna da tamani sosai saboda abubuwan magani. Antler reindeer husbandry ya tashi shekaru da yawa da suka wuce kuma ya zama tartsatsi a cikin Altai. Takaddun da aka batar don waɗannan dalilai ana ajiye su a allon alkalami na musamman, an yanke filawa daga dabbobi masu rai.

Ana amfani da ruwan-inabin giya wanda aka ware daga tururuwa a likitancin dabbobi a matsayin babban maganin tonic da kuma maganin adaptogenic. A cikin USSR, rajista mai siyarwar dila yana ƙarƙashin alamar kasuwanci ta Pantokrin a cikin 1970. Za'a iya amfani da wannan magani a matsayin wani ɓangare na hadaddun farke don asthenia (overwork), neurasthenia da hypotension na jijiya.

Mai siye

A cikin wakilan wannan nau'in, daukar ciki ya kai watanni 9 (kwana 240-260). A watan Mayu ko Yuni, an haifi jaririn. Oneaya mace kusan koyaushe tana da barewa guda. Rashin ciki sau biyu yana da matuƙar wuya.

Jirgin sama yana cikakke. Yana nauyin kilogram 15-16 lokacin haihuwa. Hanyoyinsu har yanzu suna da taushi. Uwa da jaririnta suna zaune dabam bayan an haifi jariri tsawon makonni. Matar tana kiyaye, tana ciyar da zuriyarta shekara daya. Namiji baya daukar wani bangare na cigaban samari.

Kwana uku na farko bayan haihuwar, dabbar tana kwance a wani wuri inda ba kowa. Shi ne mai motsi a wannan lokacin. Yaron ya fi son ɓoye a cikin ciyawa mai kauri. Yana yin motsi kawai don ciyar da kansa. Mako guda baya, jariri ya koyi tafiya. Yana ƙoƙarin bin mahaifiyarsa. Lokacin da ya cika makonni 2, yaran sun fara tsalle tsalle, sanyi.

Hoto

Deer - dabbobi masu shayarwa daga dabbobi, barewa (barewa). Akwai nau'ikan 51 kawai. A baya, magabatan Slavia sun kira wannan dabbar a wata hanya dabam - "spruce", sabili da haka sunan da aka yi amfani da shi yanzu shine tabloid.

Girman dabbobin sun bambanta, sun dogara da nau'in halittu. A ce mai reindeer na iya isa mita daya da rabi, kodayake mafi ƙarancin girma shine santimita 80 kawai, peritheum ya haɗu zuwa mita biyu, kuma taro ya kai kilo ɗari biyu. Tinyan ƙaramin da aka murguɗa da shi daidai yake da sunan - tsawon wannan barewar bai wuce mita ba, kuma taro - fiye da) kilo 50 ne kawai.

Launin idanu na barewa yana da lemun tsami, daga garesu akwai manyan hawaye. Wasu deer suna da mu'ujiza) kamar kafafu masu santsi da alherai, wasu sun gamsu da gajeru. Kuma a cikin duk jinsuna, suna da ƙarfi tare da tsokoki masu kafafu masu kyau. Duk yadda kace kafafu suna taimakawa barewa su tsira. Don haka, suna gudu daga haɗari da sauri - saurin zai iya kaiwa fiye da kilomita 50 a cikin sa'o'i. Yawancin nau'ikan suna sa ulu - tausayi mai laushi yayin da akwai minti mai zafi na shekara a cikin yadi, kuma lokacin farin ciki a cikin hunturu. Launi ya bambanta a wuraren da dabbar ke zaune - tana iya kunshe da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, jan launi ko launin toka.

Dangane da hakoran dabba, kwararren masani, ba tare da yin wani kokari na musamman da amfani da ilimin kawai ba, zai iya tantance shekarun da dabbar ta zama ta hanyar duba yadda tsummoki suke sawa da toshewa.

Mene ne bambanci tsakanin barewa da gwiwar hannu

'Yan' uwa ma'abota barewa ne, suna da wasu kamanceceniya, amma abokan aikinsu sun bambanta da juna a cikin abubuwan da ke tafe:

1. Babban bambanci shine salon ƙaho. Moose girma a kwance dangi da Estate kuma reshe fita tare da kananan kafada ruwan wukake. Reindeer ƙahoni vigilant kai tsaye zuwa sama.
2. Elk dabba ce babba, mai girma fiye da barewa. Dankin masara ya kai kilo 650, kuma mai rikodin tsakanin deer ya kai kilo 350 kawai.
3. Zaka iya rarrabe ta kafafu - fawn yana da qafafu ya fi tsayi.
4. Kuma ƙarshe, masara - gaba ɗaya baya yarda ya kasance cikin garken. Ka jagoranci rayuwar masu koyawa. Ant. tare ko zama cikin nau'i-nau'i - namiji tare da mace.

Shin barewa da barewa sun bambanta?

1. Deer ya shahara saboda ƙahonsa, wanda reshe yake kulawa, deer baya yi.
2. Abincin waɗannan dabbobi iri ɗaya ne, duk da haka, deer zai iya yin ba tare da haushi bishiyar ba. Makirci ya zubo mata da walwala.
3. An ciyar da yara daidai ta hanyoyi daban-daban: barewa suna kwance yayin ciyarwa, ƙwarya isa.

Menene tsammanin

A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, da yawa nau'in barewa suna rayuwa. Akwai wasu daga cikinsu masu matukar sha'awar.

Mashahurin barewa
Mafi kyawun mazaunin wannan dangin, yana da cakuda jituwa, ɗakken gini ne mai santsi. Zaka iya rarrabe ta wuri mai haske kusa da wutsiya, halayyar wannan nau'in. A kan ƙaho akwai manyan rassa, musamman a tukwici. A cikin duka akwai wakilai 15 da suka bambanta da girman. Auki, ƙaramin ɓoyayyen Bukhara yana da ɗimbin kilogram ɗari da faɗin santimita 190; sabon masara, Maral, yana da nauyin kilogram 300, tsawonsa kawai santimita 160 ne.

Habitat don jan keɓaɓɓiyar keke: ƙasashen Turai, Scandinavia, China, Arewacin Afirka, (kore, duka nahiyoyin Amurkan.

Reindeer
Wani nadin shine caribou. Yana zaune a arewacin Eurasia, a cikin tundra. Wannan nau'in ƙaho ba kawai maza bane, harma na mata. Suna ba da taimako don share dusar ƙanƙara kuma su sami abinci da moss ɗin gyaɗa. Wannan nau'in shi kaɗai ne yake cin nama, ko kuma akasin haka, ƙananan ƙanƙan ƙwayoyin dabbobi masu rai a can. Jikin yana da tsawon kusan mita biyu, taron yana cikin kilogram 200.

Dankalin ruwa
Sunansa shi ne cewa ba ya sa kaho. A cikin babban iyali, mafi karami - tsayi ba shi da nisa daga mita ɗaya, mai nauyin kilo 9-14. Yana zaune a cikin dazuzzukan China da Koriya. Hazo cikin nishadi, yana iya iyo sama da kilomita da yawa.

Farin Ciki mai wuya
Sunan nata godiya ga farin fentin fuska da wani yanki. Tsawon ciki shine mita 2.3, nauyi yana da kusan kilo 200. Yana raye da ainihin ra'ayi a tsaunukan Tibet, da kuma China.

Farar fata mai launin fari
Kuma ana kiranta barewa, mazaunin ƙasar Arewacin Amurka ne (Amurka da Kudancin Kanada). Iya kai mita 1 a tsayi kuma ka auna kimanin kilo 150. Kyawun fasalin shine farin wutsiya.

Alade
Yana da irin wannan sunan mai ban dariya saboda yana kama da matsayin na alade. Tana fahariyar da daɗin wutsiya mara kyau. Mace sun bambanta da maza fiye da kullun cikin launi mai haske.

Suna zaune a layin Pakistan, Burma da sauran jihohin Kudancin Asiya. Wakilan irin waɗannan mutanen sun kawo zuwa Kanada, Amurka da ƙasashen Ostiraliya. Suna zaune daban, dabbobi ba sa da yawa. Suna jagorantar rayuwar dare, yayin tafiyar rana (s) suna hutawa a cikin inuwar dajin.

Maƙasanta
Yin hukunci da sunan, shi sa wani Crest girma daga na gaba bangare. Mai tarawa na yanzu ɗan gajarta ne kuma a zahiri ba reshe bane. Mazaunin yana cikin kudu da kudu maso gabashin yankin Asiya.

Southand Manchurian Red barewa
Wani mazaunin tsaunin dutse, mai gajeren kafafu, kamar dai tare da keɓantaccen tsari don tafiya akan shimfidar wuraren tsaunuka. Yana zaune a cikin Andes a Argentina. Rayuwa - loners, kawai a lokacin tafiyar da suke tarawa a cikin ƙananan garke.

Bareyi mai launi
Jikin yana da tsawo, kimanin santimita 180, ikon 75 kilo 130 ne. Tsawon dabbar yana da kimanin santimita 110. Dabbobi dabbobi ne na dabbobi, suna zaune cikin ƙaramin rukuni na mutane 15-25. An rarraba shi a cikin filayen da tsaunukan tsohuwar tarayyar Soviet. Yana zaune a Yankin gabashin Gabas, tsaunukan Caucasus da wuraren tsakiyar rariya.

Mafi kyawun deer
Wannan dabbobi masu shayarwa za a iya kiranta da karfin gwiwa a matsayin babbar barewa, kodayake ba a la'akari da hakan a cikin bin duk ka'idoji. Labari ne game da ciyawa. Samfuran balaga da suka ƙaru sun isa mita 2 da santimita 30 masu tsayi. An rubuta mafi girman nauyi a kilo 655. Jikin yana da gajeru kaɗan - kawai a tsakanin mita uku. Amma takalmin bast, sanye yake da falmaran masu fadi, masu tsawo. Yankin gwiwar fuska yana haɓaka da yawa, lebe suna da yawa. Mayafin dukkan maza da mata launin ruwan kasa ne. Mai tara na yanzu shi ne ɗan ƙaramin laushi, abin da ya sa ake kiran dabbar da “tsage”.

Moose suna zaune a nan cikin ƙasashe da yawa na Arewacin Hemisphere, mazauninsu yana da faɗi sosai - daga tundra zuwa gandun daji a cikin yankuna kudancin Eurasia da Arewacin Amurka.

Ko dai gandun daji masu daɗi zaɓi na rayuwa, ko zama mai yawa mai laushi, gandun daji mai wahalarwa. Amma ana neman abinci a bankunan kogin ko buɗe gefan tsakiya. Elk ba shi da abinci a abinci, ya ci ganye, ya ɗauki berries, ya ci naman ɗanye, ƙwannin itacen ɓaushe.

Mafi ƙarancin barewa
Mafi karami (a cikin sigogi na zahiri) wakilin ƙwayar naman daji shine musk deer pudu. Akwai biyan kuɗi guda biyu - arewa da rana ta rana. Jikin yana da gajeru - santimita 90 kawai, tsawan baya wuce santimita 40, taro yana kusan kilo goma, ƙaho gajera ne - ba fiye da santimita 10 ba. Saka launin launin ruwan kasa. Mahalli a cikin Kudancin Amurka, abinci mai kayan lambu - ya ci ganyayyaki daga itaciya da rassa. Ya zaɓi wani salon rayuwa daban, wani lokacin rayuwa a cikin nau'i-nau'i.

Ban sha'awa

Kozulya bai taɓa sawa irin waɗannan kyawawan ƙahon cike da nishaɗi ba tsawon rayuwarsa. A karo na farko, irin wannan kyakkyawa yana girma yana da shekaru biyar, kuma daga 12 jirgin ƙaho ya zama mara ƙarfi, kambi ya ƙasa. A hanya ta dabi'a, dabbobin suna saukar da kaho a cikin bazara daga Maris zuwa ranar yanke hukunci na Afrilu, ƙananan ƙaho suna zama daƙƙu na tsawon watanni uku.

A farko, deer ya tashi a Duniya miliyan 33 da shirin baya, ya faru inda Asiya take yanzu. Bayan shekaru miliyan 10, dabbobin sun fara motsawa, kuma sun mallaki Turai ta yau, daga yanzu sun koma kan gada mai zurfi tsakanin nahiyoyin zuwa yankin na Arewacin Amurka. A Kudancin Amurka, dabbobi sun bayyana a kan marigayi - miliyan biyu da suka gabata kawai.

Aƙalla babban maƙiyan deer daga masarautar dabba, babban har yanzu har yau shine mutum. Soyayya saboda barewa sun yi yawa kuma an lalata dabbobi da yawa.

Mutum yana da sabani da wannan kyakkyawar dabba: a gefe guda, ana kiyaye kariya da begen da ke tattare da haɗari kuma a rubuce a cikin Littafin Rubutu. A gefe guda, a wasu wuraren da aka lissafa stag a matsayin jinsin masu haɗari, saboda a yawancin yankuna deer sway suna cinye nau'in tsire-tsire masu wuya, suna lalata su.

Pidaƙƙarfan ƙazamai waɗanda ba ƙwararrakin dila na yanzu ba ne mai kwalliya (antlers) sun shahara sosai kuma suna da mahimmanci, saboda suna da kyan kayayyakin warkarwa. Suna yin ɗimbin ruwa a kan ruwa da barasa kuma suna samar da shirye-shiryen magani don magance hauhawar jini da cututtukan juyayi. Kuma kahon ossified suna aiki don samarda immunostimulants.

Idan akwai lokutan rashin ciyarwa, maigidan yakan yi wannan da kyau ta hanyar da ta dace - shaidan yakan sassauta hanzarin tafiyar matakai da kuma hana bugun zuciyar dabbobi. Wannan yana sa ya yiwu a ajiye ƙarfin da ake buƙata.

Namijin namiji, wanda shine babba a cikin garken, yana da, a matsayin mai mulkin, mafi karancin mace, adadinsu wani lokaci ya kai ashirin. Shiga cikin kewaye da harama da ziyartar kowanne, tinchka zai iya yin abinci ba kwanaki ba.

Red barewa

Mafi kyawun wakilin ƙawancen gidan barewa, yana da siririn jiki, ƙari gwargwado. A ƙarƙashin wutsiyar dabbar ja akwai siyayyar fararen halayyar. Ana kwatanta ƙahowar wannan nau'in deer ne ta hanyar ja da baya. Ja, kamar yadda ya kasu, ya kasu gida biyu da yawa, girman sa ya dogara da na shi ne ko wani reshe, alal misali, ƙaramin garin Bukhara yakai kimanin kilogiram 100 kuma yayi girma zuwa tsawon 170-190 cm. Tana da kimanin mita 1.6 a tsayi kuma tana da nauyin kilogram 300. Jan dutsen yana zaune a yanki mai faɗi; ana iya samun sa a ƙasashen Turai da yawa, China, Arewacin Afirka, Arewa da Kudancin Amurka da Ostiraliya.

Reindeer

Hakanan ana kiran shi da caribou. Wannan barewa, wacce ke zaune a yankuna na arewacin, a cikin tundra, an bambanta ta da cewa maza da mata suna da kaho. Kuma wannan ba haka bane, gaskiyar magana ita ce, mata masu reindeer suna buƙatar ƙaho don dalilai masu amfani, tare da taimakonsu suna share dusar ƙanƙara tare da maza don zuwa abincin da ke ƙarƙashinsa, gansakuka, ƙwallan wuta. Kuma baya ga wannan, maharba kadai ne daga cikin barewar da ke cin abinci, gami da nama, wato kananan ƙananan jijiyoyi lemmings da ke zaune a wurare guda. Tsawon jikin mai reingeer shine mita 1.9-2.1, nauyi - 190 kg.

Dankalin ruwa

Hakanan ana san shi da ƙarancin ƙaho. Wannan shi ne ɗayan mafi ƙarancin wakilan gidan barewa, tsawonsa kawai 75-100 cm, kuma nauyi - 9-15 kg. Tabar ruwa yana zaune a cikin ɓarna na China da Koriya ta Koriya. Shi kwararren mai iyo, yana iya iyo da dama kilomita, yana ƙaura tsakanin mashigar koguna daban daban.

Deer na David

Kuma aka sani da Milu deer, wata halitta ce mai wuya wacce kusan ta kusan karewa a farkon karni na ashirin. Yanzu suna kokarin dawo da yawan jama'arsu a cikin reshen Sinawa, inda ya taba zama a da. Sunan ya samo asali ne bayan firist na Faransa kuma masanin dabi'ar Arman David, wanda shine farkon wanda ya bayyana wannan nau'in naman daji. Tana da matsakaici matsakaici, tsawon jikinta shine 140 cm, tare da nauyin kilogram 150-200. Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa da barewar Dauda ita ce sauyawarsa sau ƙaho, wanda ke faruwa sau biyu a shekara. Suna kuma da madaidaicin kunkuntar kai, wacce ba ta dace da sauran barewa.

Farar Haraji

Wannan nau'in naman daji ya samo sunan ne saboda bambancin farin launinsa na wuyansa da gaban kai. Akwai ƙaho biyu na wannan barewa. Tsawon barewar fuska fari shine 230 cm kuma nauyinsa 200. Wadannan barewa suna zaune a cikin tsaunukan tsaunin Tibet da wasu lardunan Sinawa.

Maƙasanta

Yana da gashin baki-launin ruwan kasa a kai, saboda haka sunan shi. Hakanan wani bangare na musamman game da wannan barewar shine gajerunsa kuma cikakke ba ƙaho biyu bane. Wadannan bareyin suna zaune a dazuzzukan kudu da kudu maso gabashin Asiya.

Farar fata fari

Kuma ana kiranta barewar, tun da mafi yawan adadin waɗannan mahaɗan ke zaune a cikin jihar Virginia ta Amurka (kodayake ban da jihar Virginia, har ila yau tana zaune a cikin wasu jihohin Amurka da Kanada). Sunan ya kasance ne saboda halayen fararen wutsiya. Tsawon farin fari mai launin fari-har zuwa mita 1 tare da nauyinsa kimanin kilogram 150.

Kayan alade

Wannan deer ya sami irin wannan suna ne sabili da irin yanayin motsin sa, da ɗan tunanin yadda alade yake motsawa. Alade mai shi shine mai saƙar wutsiya. Maza suna da launi mai duhu fiye da na mace. Yana zaune a Pakistan, Indiya, Thailand da sauran ƙasashe na Kudu maso gabas Asiya.

Sika deer

Deirjin siliki yana da kyawawan fararen launuka a kan jan gashi, wanda ya ba shi suna. Kayan zinari matsakaici ne a cikin girmansa, tsawonsa mita 1.6-1.8 ne, tare da nauyin kilogram 95-112. Wannan nau'in naman daji yana zaune ne a Gabas ta Tsakiya, a tsakiyar yankin Tarayyar Rasha da kuma Caucasus. A wannan lokacin, dangane da rage yawan jama'a an jera su a cikin littafin littafi.

Jinyar kiwo

Bawa ya jagoranci rayuwar aure masu yawa, garken waɗannan dabbobin an sami jagorancin namiji ne mai ƙarfi wanda yayi aure tare da mata da yawa. Dean mare guda ɗaya yana kare iesan matansa daga ɓarna na wasu maza masu gasa. A cikin gwagwarmayar mace, mazinaci yakan shirya mafi kyawun gaske don gwagwarmaya, tare da haɗuwa da ƙahon.

Nama ya kai ga balaga tun farkon haihuwa; har ya zuwa shekaru biyu, barewa mace zata iya haihuwar 'ya'ya. Maza sun zama balaga a cikin shekaru 2-3. Babbar mahaifa, gwargwadon nau'in, yana ɗaukar watanni 6-9. Lokacin da lokacin isar da sako, mace tana neman madaidaiciya da wani wuri mai ma'ana don wannan dalilin. Yawancin lokaci yara guda ne kawai aka haife su a lokaci guda, kawai a lokuta mafi ƙaranci za a iya samun tagwaye. Dean barewa suna da launi mai launi, wanda ke taimaka musu azaman kyakkyawa daga maƙiya.

Sai bayan haihuwa, ɗan ƙaramin ƙazanta na iya tsayawa a ƙafafunta, kuma bayan wata na shayar da jariri, yana iya riga ya yanke ciyawa, kodayake yana ci gaba da ciyar da madara uwar a duk shekarar farko na rayuwarsa.

Bayan shekara guda, ƙaramin ƙaramin kwari ya fara bayyana akan samari na barewa - ƙwararriyar barewa nan gaba.

Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da barewa

• Hornsahonin ƙaho suna da kaddarorin warkarwa don magance hauhawar jini da cututtuka masu juyayi. Wanne, ba shakka, ba shi da fa'ida ga masu deza da kansu, da yawa nau'ikan waxanda aka riga aka jera su a littafin Red, tunda suna kan iyaka.
• Yawancin mutane da a lokuta daban-daban ana ɗaukar dabba mai tsabta, misali, a wasu lokutan ma Mayan Indiya ma suna kiran kansu “barewa,” kuma ana ɗaukar barewa a matsayin manyan magabatan kabila. A cikin tsohuwar Celts, ana ganin barewa alama ce ta rana, haihuwa, mahimmancin gaske, kuma an keɓance shi da allahn Cernun, wanda Celts ke nunawa da ƙaho.
• Sau da yawa ana iya samo hoton barewa a cikin tsararraki na da can, inda naman daji ke nuna alama da alheri.

Maƙasassu - masu yawo daga arewa, bidiyo

Kuma a ƙarshe, shirin ban sha'awa game da reindeers.

Lokacin rubuta labarin, Na yi ƙoƙarin sanya shi mai ban sha'awa, da amfani kuma mai inganci sosai. Zan yi godiya ga kowane ra'ayi da kuma zargi mai zurfi a cikin hanyar sharhi a kan labarin. Hakanan zaka iya rubuta burinka / tambaya / shawarwari ga [email protected] ko zuwa Facebook, game da marubucin.

Ana samun wannan labarin a Turanci - Deer.