Humpbacks ƙananan kwari ne, babban fasali wanda shine mafi girman nau'ikan fashewa mai ban mamaki a bayan baya. Waɗannan fitattun na iya ɗaukar kaho, falle, huɗa, ƙwallo, da sauransu.
Yawan fashewar akan jikin humpback na iya girma fiye da kwari da kanta. Saboda su, hunchbacks sun sami suna.
Humpback mazaunin
Akwai nau'ikan halittar kwari sama da dubu uku. Matan da ke fama da matsalar cutar suna rayuwa ne ko'ina a duniya; Yawancin jinsuna suna rayuwa ne a cikin tsaunin Kudancin Amurka. Bugu da kari, ana samun humpbacks a cikin tsauraran yanayi mai tsauri.
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa a cikin samfuran yanayi na zafi, fitarwa a baya suna da mafi kyawun fasali idan aka kwatanta da takwarorinsu na arewa.
Juyin juya halin fuskoki suna zaune a cikin ƙasarmu, amma kamanninsu ba mai ban tsoro bane. A cikin Turai, akwai nau'ikan humpbacks 3 kawai.
Humpback salon
Yawancin humpbacks suna rayuwa akan tsirrai. Mafi wuraren da aka fi so sune gefuna da farin ciki a cikin gandun daji. A cikin yawancin mata masu ƙasƙantar da kai, wani ɓangaren tsarin rayuwar yana faruwa ne akan bishiyoyi.
Kodayake tsarin akan jikin humpback na iya zama mai mahimmanci, waɗannan kwari suna iya tashiwa.
Gaskiya ne, ba sa tashi sosai. Suna iya cin nasara a cikin iska kawai 'yan mituna.
Da wuya a kira rayuwar humpbacks cikakke, tunda yawancinsu ba sa barin tsire-tsire. Suna tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga tsirrai. Ruwan kayan lambu na Humpback shine babban tushen abinci mai gina jiki. Insectswararrun kwari da larvae suna ciyar da su. Suna haifar da ƙananan lalacewa ga tsire-tsire masu ciyawa.
Akwai humpbacks daga Yuli zuwa Agusta.
Fitowar humpbacks
Kamar yadda aka riga aka fada, babban fasalin wannan nau'in shine karin kwari masu ban sha'awa akan tsinkayen. A wasu humpbacks, suna da sauƙi, alal misali, suna kama da ƙaho a cikin sifa, yayin da a wasu suna ainihin tsarin gine-gine ne. Babban mahimmancin waɗannan fashewar ba a bayyane yake ba, mafi kusantar wannan, wannan hanya ce ta kwaikwayo.
Abin lura ne cewa a cikin maza da mata na nau'ikan jinsi ɗaya, siffa da launi na fitattun na iya bambanta.
Humpback ci gaba
Matan Humpback suna sanya ƙwai a saman ganyayyaki, a kan tushen tsire-tsire, ko a ƙarƙashin haushi. Qwai sanya hibernate. Don kare qwai, mata da yawa suna rufe su da wani abu mai kumburi wanda ya taurare kuma ya kasance mai dorewa. Kuma wasu mata suna kiyaye jinginarsu, bugu da kari, suna tare da larva har sai sun girma.
Harshen larva na humpback yana da wadatar sukari. Wadannan abubuwan ana kiransu raɓar zuma. 'Ya'yan tururuwa suna son wannan raɓa sosai. A wannan batun, an kafa haɗin gwiwa tsakanin tsoffin ƙwayoyi da tururuwa, da amfani ga nau'ikan kwari iri biyu. 'Ya'yan kwayoyi suna ciyar da abinci mai daɗi, kuma cikin “godiya” suna kiyaye ƙoshin lafiya daga sauran kwari.
Humpbacks suna da cikakken hadari ga mutane, kodayake ƙaho da ƙaya suna da kaifi kuma ana iya saka su.
Shugaban
Shugaban yana maganin mace da namiji. Goshin a cikin mafi yawan jijiyoyin yana tare da tsakar medial wanda zai fara daga kashin gaban gwiwa kuma ya ƙare a gefen goshin. Yawancin janareto na iya basu da ma'aurata misali, kuma ga wasu, asalin halittar Gymnophoraall frontal setae. Akwai setarin setae, mafi yawan lokuta wani nau'i ne na supraantenal ko intermedial. An bambanta proboscis na maza da na mata ta tsayi da fadin lacinas da labellum. Antennae suna da manyan sassan bangarori uku da manyan juzu'ai ɗaya zuwa uku; a wasu halayen, aristas na iya kasancewa ba su nan. Palps sau da yawa tare da setae da yawa.
Kirji
Kirji ya kunshi kunun dawwama da scutellum da garkuwa dake ƙarƙashinsa. A cikin matan da ba su da fuka-fuki, ƙarancin aikin scutallum an rage shi ko kuma ba ya nan. Kirjin yana dauke da goge-goge daban-daban a sashin ɗakin da kuma a bangarorin, da kuma ƙarfe biyu ko huɗu a garkuwar. A kan wasu mesopleura, za a iya ganin tsagi a cikin hanyar harafin L, ana rarrabawa ne daga mesopleura.
Lafiyayyun dabbobi da mazauninsu
Hunchback salon yana da bambanci sosai. Yawancin halittu da yawa ƙwararrun dabbobi ne, wasu suna cin ƙwai na sawflies, kwari disan fulawa, idean gizo-gizo, aphids masu tushe, larvae na fruita ,an itace, da kuma mayuka masu ɓacin rai. Yawancin parasites ko symbiotes na kwari na zamantakewa, musamman maganadisun tururuwa da tururuwa, da ƙudan zuma, wasikunku da millipedes. Kudancin wasu nau'in humpback suna ciyar da tsire-tsire ko kuma namomin kaza. Haka kuma akwai ɗimbin ɗumbin nau'ikansu waɗanda larvae suke cin kayan da ke jujjuya su, wasu daga cikinsu suna ci gaba ne kawai a kan namomin kaza ko mollusks matattu. Daga cikin humpbacks akwai polyphages da yawa, alal misali, nau'in halitta Megaselia scalaris da Dohrniphora cornutawanda zai iya haɓaka kyallen tsirrai masu rai, a cikin ƙwayoyin tsiro, gawawwakin dabbobi, taki, madara, cikin hanjin ɗan adam da urinary fili, a cikin kudan zuma. Wasu nau'ikan kwari ne na tururuwa da ke kai hari kuma suna sa ƙwai a kan murfin chitinous. Fan wasan kwari suna ciyar da ruwan 'ya'yan itace a yawancin lokuta.
Muhimmancin tattalin arziki
Humpbacks na iya haifar da lalacewar tattalin arziki. Humpbacks cutar da tsire-tsire na namomin kaza. A cikin yankin neotropical, an yi masu alama kamar masu ɗaukar cutar annobar ƙudan zuma. Har ila yau, sanannu ne na Humpbacks wanda ke haifar da motsi a cikin mutane da dabbobi, da kuma masu ɗaukar kwalara. Megaselia scalaris .
Daga cikin humpbacks, akwai jami'ai masu kula da kwayoyin halitta wadanda suka zama ruwan dare a cikin hanyoyin rage kwayar halitta humpback-parasitoids suna taka rawar gani, suna rage yawan tururuwa masu yankan ganye. Atta da Acromyrmex .
Rarrabawa
Ya hada da jigilar 245 da kuma ƙananan ƙananan wurare 6: Phorinae, Aenigmatiinae, Metopininae (gami da kabilun Beckerinini da Metopinini), Alamirinae, Termitoxeniinae, Thaumatoxeninae. Halin da ke ƙasa na yan ƙasa Termitoxeniinae (Alamira - Horologiphora - Linklloydia - Perissa - Perittophora - Pronudiphora - Ridiculiphora - Selenophora - Septemineophora - Siluphora - Volvectiphorada kuma Thaumatoxeninae (Thaumatoxena) Girma mafi girma Megaselia ya hada da nau'ikan 1500 (400 daga cikinsu a Turai).