1. Badgers manyan dabbobi ne wadanda suke wakilan dangin Marten.

2. Waɗannan dabbobin suna rayuwa a kan dukkan nahiyoyi, sai Antarctica: a Arewacin Amurka, Turai (ban da arewacin yankin Scandinavia da Finland), Afirka, a Yammacin Kanada. Wurin zama cikinsu ya hada da Caucasus da Transcaucasia, Asia orarami da Yammacin Asiya.

3. Ana iya samun 'yan ɓarna a tsaunuka, a cikin gandun daji, a bakin teku, makiyaya da filaye.

4. Badgers sun gwammace gauraya da taiga, lokaci-lokaci tsaunukan tsauni, a kudu su ma suna zaune a ƙasa ɓangaren hamada da jeji.

5. Suna buƙatar bushewa, yankuna masu kyau waɗanda ke kusa da tafkuna ko marshy low inda zaka iya samun abinci mai yawa.

6. Kiraye fasali wani fasali ne mai sananne sosai, wanda yake da matukar wahala a gauraye shi da wata dabba. Tsawon maraƙin girma ya kai daga 60 zuwa 90 cm, tsawon wutsiyarsa shine 20-24 cm, nauyi har zuwa kilogiram 24, kuma kafin lokacin rashin walƙiya, ya ninka zuwa 34 kg.

7. Jikin yana da girma, mai kama da juna, wanda yayi kama da sifar da aka sa a gaba, tare da kunkuntar sirrin bakin ciki. A wuyan wuyan gajarta, kusan ba a ganuwa.

8. Haka kuma gabobi sunada gajeru, babba. Yatsun suna karewa da dogon zango mai kaifi, wadanda suka dace sosai da tono.

9. Jawo jakar ta yayi m. Baya da bangarorin suna da launin ruwan kasa da launin shuɗi tare da tintin azurfuna, jiki yana da launin shuɗi a ƙasa.

10. An yiwa fuskar badakala ado da wasu duffai biyu masu duhu wadanda suka fara daga hanci har kunnuwa.

Kasuwanci na yau da kullun

11. A cikin Eurasian ko maraba na yau da kullun, launi na fur ɗin na iya bambanta: fari, launin ruwan kasa ko baƙi, nauyin yana daga kilo 4 zuwa 12.

12. Yawan jima'i ba irinsa bane ga masu ɓarnar; mace da namiji na wannan nau'in suna kama da na waje.

13. Badgers basu da abokan gaba. Barazanar a gare su ita ce kyarkeci, bebe da kuma kare, na gida da na daji. Karnuka na daji, gaggafa, da mutane suma suna haifar da haɗari ga mugayen.

14. geran wasan yana zaune a cikin yanayi na shekaru 10-12, a zaman talala, tsammanin rayuwa yana ƙaruwa zuwa shekaru 16.

15. Don tsoron tsoratar da abokin gabansu, masu kirki sukan fesa ruwa mai daci daga glandon su. Suna iya fitar da manyan dabbobi masu shayarwa kamar wolf, coyote da bear.

16. Badger dabbobi ne mai yawan gaisuwa. Labarin da yake cewa shi 'mai dawwama ne ba tare da yanayi' ba a baratacce. Badger yana son yin wasa tare da 'yan uwansa kuma ya halarci "ƙungiyoyin abokai."

17. Badgers dabbobi ne masu yawan iko, amma abincin dabbobi shine kan gaba a tsarin abincinsu. Waɗannan su ne: ƙwayoyin linzamin kwamfuta, ƙwaya, lizards, tsuntsaye da ƙwaiƙansu, ƙwari da larvae, mollus, ƙwarƙwarar ƙasa. Bugu da kari, masu badini suna cin namomin kaza, berries, kwayoyi da ciyawa.

18. Farauta, lamba yana zagaya yankin ƙasa mai nisa, jita-jita ta bishiyoyin da aka sare, yankan bishiran bishiyoyi da tsutsotsi, wanda kwari da tsutsotsi suke ɓoye.

19. Wani badakare a lokacin farauta daya yake kulawa da kwaro 50 zuwa 70, daruruwan kwari da tsutsotsi. A ranar da yake buƙatar kusan 500 g na abinci, yana cin abinci kawai kafin rashin isasshen abinci, lokacin da ya ci abinci kuma yana tafiya akan mai, tushen abinci na gaba game da duk hunturu.

20. Badakaren ba su da hangen nesa mai kyau, ana rama shi da karfin wari da ji.

21. Don mafi yawan ɓangaren, lambar tana zaune a gida - a cikin rami. Gidansa yana da matukar kyau, tsabta da sumul. Gabaɗaya, ana kallon wannan dabbar ɗaya daga cikin wakilan ƙungiyar mafi tsabta.

22. Mazauna suna zaune a cikin zurfin rami waɗanda aka haƙa ta su a kan tsaunukan yashi, kwari da kwararar kwari a cikin gandun daji. Suna da alaƙa da ƙasa wacce suke rayuwa, kuma suna iya wuce mink ɗin su daga tsara zuwa tsara.

23. Tsohon gidan badakalar sassauya wani yanki ne mai rikitarwa mai zurfi mai zurfi mai zurfi tare da budewa 40-50 don shigarwa da samun iska, yana da dogo (5-10 mita) taswirar da ke haifar da manyan dakuna 2-3. An sanya ƙarshen a ƙarƙashin kariyar yadudduka masu tsafta ruwa, a zurfin kusan mita 5, saboda ruwan sama da ruwan ƙasa ba su shiga cikin su ba, kuma ana liƙe su da busassun bushe.

24. A cikin mutane ɗaya kawai, burrows suna da sauƙi, sanye take da ƙofar guda ɗaya da ɗakin sharar gida. Karnuka suna ba da tsari cikin burushi kuma suna tsaftace su, suna canza magaryar yau da kullun.

25. "Salo" na badger na iya wanzuwa tare daban daban da kuma wasu mutane. Wani lokaci a cikin rami ɗaya zaka iya samun iyalai 2-3. Kuma, a hanya, a cikin irin wannan "jama'a" kowa yana rayuwa lafiya cikin aminci.

Badger M Badger

26. Mara tsoro shine wakilin badgers - mara kyau na zuma. Wadanne matsaloli ne ya haifar a duniyar dabbobi? Yakan saci san kwami ​​daga cheetah, Yakan ci abinci daga zaki, Ya ci macizai masu da daɗin ji.

27. Badgers na iya tono manyan burkoki da yawa, idan ka yi zurfi cikin ƙasa ƙasa da mita biyar, zaku iya samun ɗakunan kwanciyar hankali a inda baituka sama da 20 ke zaune.

28. Jikin badger yana da kusanci da tono, yatsunsa suna da annushuwa da dogayen dogaye, wuyansa yana gajeru kuma saboda girman jikin, shi, jingina ga gajerun kafafu, cikin sauki yana tura jikin a cikin qasa.

29. All badgers an haife shi kusan a ranar. Cubs a cikin badgers yawanci ana haife su makaho, hangen nesa zai fara haɓaka tsakanin shekarun 4 zuwa shida.

30. gersarnuka ba wai kawai sun shimfida hanyoyinsu zuwa hunturu ba ne, har ma suna ciyar da kansu. Don haka, babban abincinsu shine zuma. Suna shirya sosai don lokacin sanyi, nauyinsu yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa. Kuma ba wai kawai godiya ga wannan zaƙi ba. Ana amfani da komai a hanya, dabbobi da tsirrai.

31. A cikin kaka, marayu suna yin nau'i-nau'i, amma lokacin daskarewa da hadi ya banbanta sosai, hakan yakan haifar da canji a cikin tsawon lokacin da yake cikin ciki, wanda ke nuna tsaka mai nisa. Ciki, sabili da haka, yana daga kwanaki 271 (idan dabbar ta yi daidai lokacin rani) zuwa kwanaki 450 (idan dabbar ta yi daidai lokacin hunturu).

32. Yarinya mata sun isa samari tun yana ɗan shekara 2, maza tun yana shekara 3.

33. Daga jarirai 2 zuwa 6 ana haihuwar su: a Turai - daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, a Rasha - daga Maris zuwa Afrilu. Kuma mace kusan nan da nan fara canjin sake.

34. An rage wahayi game da samari a cikin shekarun 35-42, a cikin watanni uku matasa sun riga sun sami nasu abincin.

35. Mishalai marasa kyau sukan barke kafin farawar hura, a kaka.

36. Ganin badakare ba aiki bane mai sauki. Kuma duk saboda wannan dabba tana jagorantar rayuwa mara kyau kuma sun gwammace su ciyar da sa'o'in hasken rana a ramin sa. Da safe, ana iya lura da su har zuwa 8 na yamma - daga 17-18.

37. Badger yana zaɓar abokin aure tare da shi duk rayuwarsa.

38. Tasirin mutane akan yawan wannan dabbar yana da tabbas kuma yana iya zama abu mai kyau ko mara kyau. A sakamakon aikin tattalin arziƙi, za a iya inganta abinci mai gina jiki da kuma ƙirƙirar ɓarnar burger.

39. Amma rarrabuwar sassan yanki ta hanyoyi yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa mafi yawan mugayen sun mutu akan hanyoyin. Rashin damuwa yana rinjayar adadin badgers suna farautarsu da lalata ramuka.

40. Wannan ita ce kawai jinsin da ke tsakanin Marten da ke hana hirar hunturu. A arewaci, rashin lokacin hunturu a badgers yana farawa a watan Oktoba-Nuwamba kuma yana ƙare har zuwa Maris-Afrilu, a kudu na kewayon yanayin yanayin hunturu, dabbobi suna ci gaba da aiki a duk shekara.

41. Badger yana da ikon yin gudu a gudun kusan 30 kilomita awa daya.

42. Yin amfani da jaka ga mutane shine cewa abincin sa ya ƙunshi invertebrates, kwari na gandun daji da aikin gona, alal misali, ƙwararren ƙwaro na Mayu.

43. gerarin fat ɗin fata ba su da mahimmanci, ana amfani da ulu don samar da bristles da goge, misali, don goge goge.

44. Ya kamata a tuna cewa masu ba da fata zasu iya jure cututtukan haɗari kamar su rabbai da tarin fuka.

45. Badgers ba su da tsaurin ra'ayi a kan magabatansu da mutane, yawanci suna ƙoƙarin ɓoye cikin ramuka, amma maɓoɓunin badini zai doke shi da hanci ya ciji mai laifin kafin ya gudu.

Badger a heraldry

46. ​​Badger alama ce ta shahararren mashahuri. Don haka, an nuna dabbar a kan suturar makamai na mazaunin karkara na Meghreg a Jamhuriyar Karelia (toponym “myagra” yana nufin “badger”), da kuma suturar makamai na mazaunin karkara na Kuytezh na Jamhuriyar Karelia. Wani zane da ke kama alade aka nuna a jikin mayafin garin Shenkursk.

47. Badger yana da matuƙar sauya yanayin muhalli. Abubuwan da ke cikin hadadden tsarinta suna da tasirin gaske ga ƙasa, da kuma abubuwan da suke rayuwa a ciki.

48. A cikin wuraren da akwai ramuka marasa kyau, yawancin nau'in tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire sun fara girma, wanda ke ƙara mogeic biogeocenosis.

49. Bugu da kari, ramuka na badgers sun zama mafaka ga dawakai, karnukan karnuka da sauran dabbobin da suke tserewa daga yanayin, hadari da kuma dalilai na kiwo.

50. A cikin littafin Red na Unionasashen Duniya don Kula da Halittar (IUCN), an jera lambar a matsayin jinsin da ke da barazanar ƙarancin lalacewa. Wato, wannan nau'in yana da kusan gama gari, kuma yawan jama'arta sun tabbata.

Bahaushe

Badger yar dabba ce mai cin gashin kanta, kawai wakilin dabi'ar halittar badgers. Wannan karamar dabbar tana da doguwar sutura mai kauri, wacce take da launuka iri-iri ga jinsuna. Siffar jikinsa yayi kama da digo ko zare: wani kunkuntar jiki a saman kai yana fadada zuwa wutsiya. Gerauki yana da gajerun gajerun kafafu, waɗanda ke sanye da dogayen kalamai masu ƙyalli, yana sa ya sauƙaƙa sauke ƙasa mai yawa. Lokacin yin tafiya, maraƙin yana kan dukkan ƙafafunsa. Kyakkyawar hangen nesa da hankali mai daɗin ji ƙanshi suna ba da damar badger su jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa.

A tsayin dabbar, dabbar ta kai santimita 60-90, ba ta yin ƙididdigar tsawon wutsiya, wadda take kusan cm 20. geraramar tana awo daga kilo 24 zuwa 34, kuma maza sun fi mace girma. Yawan jikin dabbar ya bambanta da lokacin: a kan Hauwa ta hutu, nauyinta ya kai, tunda a lokacin hunturu dabbar ta tara kiba mai yawa. Badgers suna da ɗan gajeren wuya da wulaƙanci mai tsawo tare da ƙananan idanu da ƙananan kunnuwa masu zagaye. Dabba tana da babban kwanyar, zygomatic tutocinta suna da kyau. Yawan hakora 34 ne ko 36, raunanan fanfunan talauci sunada yawa, tsintsaye masu tsinkaye suna da siraran shimfidu wanda zai ba da damar cin abincin shuka. A kan fadi da mamba mai lamba akwai yatsu biyar tare da dan madaidaiciya dogon yatsu.

Dabbar tana da doguwar riga mai kauri tare da wani gajeren wando mai laushi. Jawo daga baya da tarnaƙi na jiki mai launin shuɗi-mai launin toka tare da tintin azurfi, ciki yana da launi mai duhu, kuma akan doguwar farin dabbar mai duhu biyu mai duhu, yana rarrabewa daga hanci zuwa kunnuwa, a bayyane yake bayyane. Gashi a bakin kunnuwa fari ne. Haushi ya kusan baki. Extarshen maɓallin suna da launi mai duhu. A cikin hunturu, dabbobi suna kama da wuta sosai idan aka kwatanta da launi na bazara. Shedding yana farawa a cikin bazara kuma yana ci gaba a cikin bazara: da farko rigar ta fadi, a watan Yuni sauran rigar suna shigowa, kuma a watan Agusta lokaci ya yi da za a sami sabon gashi. A ƙarshe, an kafa fur ɗin hunturu a watan Oktoba.

Rayuwa & Halayyar zamantakewa

Badgers sun fi son lokacin dare, ko da yake wasu lokuta ana iya haɗuwa da su kafin faɗuwar rana ko da sanyin safiya. Dare ne da dabbar take neman abin da ta ci, da rana kuma ta dawo ta yi kwanciyarta mai kyau don yin bacci kafin faɗuwar rana. Tsarin mutum ɗaya yana da girman hekta 525. Badakaren da ke zaune a cikin sararin arewaci yawanci suna fada cikin rashin tsari. Ga nau'in halittar dake nesa da kudu a cikin karamin yanayi, wannan ba lallai bane. Kafin farauta, maɓogun sun cika gidan tare da barin dukkan ƙofofin shiga zuwa mazaunin. Yawancin lokaci yakan yi barci tare da dusar ƙanƙara ta farko, amma wannan ba gaskiya ba ne, yanayin zafin jiki yana canzawa kaɗan, yawanci barci ba shi da ƙarfi sosai tare da farkawa lokaci-lokaci. Tsawon lokacin buɗe ido ya bambanta daga yanki. A cikin Tsakiyar Rasha, alal misali, yana faruwa a watan Afrilu-Mayu.

Badgers sune halittun zamantakewa sosai. Ofungiyar badger na iya yin mamakin ko da kuwa wani gogaggen connoisseur na yanayi. Taron mutane biyu daga dangi guda yana tare da wani irin gaisuwa idan suka yi bankwana da bayan jikinsu, suna yiwa junan su kallon kamshi, wanda hakan yake saurin gane dangi daga baya. Iyali yana da matsayi na musamman a cikin abubuwan da ake saka wa masu kyau. Akwai jagora a cikin dangi - mafi rinjayen maza, a matsayin mai mulkin, mafi yawan yanayi da kuma Hardy. Kusan kusan kullun yana kan tsaro, alamomi tare da alamomin musk a duk yankin da matasa. Ayyukansa sun hada da kare dangi. Bugu da kari, yana taimakawa wajen tsara ayyukan hadin gwiwa, koyar da samari maza da kuma hukunta wadanda basu bin ka'idodin al'umma. Idan saboda wasu dalilai dabba ba ta kasancewa fiye da kwanaki 5-7, kuma ƙanshin ƙanshi da ya rage a taron masu ba da ɓata, to ba za a sake yarda da irin wannan kutse cikin gidan ba.

Barc ɗin Badger duka tsarin ƙasa ne. Mai zurfi, tare da tsarin masana'antu masu ɗimbin yawa, suna da hanyoyin shiga da yawa, kyamarori, sadarwa, ramukawar iska. Garin Badger na iya isa ga dubun dubbai har ma da ɗaruruwan mita a tsayi da faɗi. Zurfin irin wannan mazaunin na iya zama har zuwa mitoci biyar a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Idan badgers sun zaɓi wurin zama, to a cikin fewan shekaru wannan yankin ya juya zuwa babbar maɓallin layin ƙasa. A cikin burrows akwai ɗakuna daban don adana kayan abinci, bututun iska.

Ba duk masu aikata mugunta bane suna zaunar da irin waɗannan garuruwan. Akwai mutane da yawa da suke rayuwa su kaɗai kuma suke amfani da abubuwa masu sauƙaƙawa, tare da ɗakin ɗakin gida ɗaya kawai. Dabbar tana jan ciyawa ta bushe kuma ta bar gidansu na dindindin. Kwalba dabba ce mai tsabta, tana sabunta abin da ke cikin rami, yana cire duk abin da ba dole ba, ya maye gurbin ciyawar ciyawa. Yana shirya banɗaki ba a rami ba, amma a wani ɗan nesa daga shi.

Motsa dabbobi

Isarma tana da kullun zuwa mazauninta kuma tana tashi daga ramin kawai lokacin farauta da tara abinci. Wasu mutane ko dangin baƙaƙen suna neman sabon wurare don rayuwa mai zaman kanta, ta ware daga sauran al communityumma. Daga nan sai suyi ƙaura, suna shirya kansu dwell ananan gidaje na ɗan lokaci.

Muryar dabbobi

Badgers suna iya yin sauti iri-iri. Suna ta ihu yayin farauta. Za su iya yin kuwwa, haushi, ƙwanƙwasa, mashi ko kuka. Dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari, har da mace, lokacin da suke balaga, suna iya yin sautin rattling ko wani abu kamar haushi. Idan tsoro, badakaloli sukan yi ihu da ƙarfi. Wani lokacin maharbi yana yin nau'in kumburi, kuma yayin bacci dabbar zata iya yin sno. Kuna iya rarrabe takamaiman sautuna yayin farauta, gwagwarmayar interspecific ko lokacin mating.

Peungiyoyin masu talla

Subfamily na badgers sun hada da janareta guda uku: badakala, teledu, da ferret badgers. Badungiyar Badger ita ce kawai nau'in nau'in farkon na jeri. Da yawa daga cikin kasusuwa sanannu ne sanannu da suka zama a cikin yankuna daban daban na wurin zama. Ofayansu ya zama ruwan dare a Yammacin Turai, ɗayan - a Spain da Furotesta, wakilan ɓangarorin na uku sun mamaye yankin Rasha. Hakanan akwai ƙananan dabbobin da ke rayuwa a Japan, Yammacin Asiya, Sin da Tibet.

Range da mazaunin lamba

Ana iya samun badakala a ko'ina cikin Turai, ban da mafi yawan yankuna na arewacin, inda ƙasa ke da sanyi kuma ba ta dace da ramuka ba - a Finland da arewacin Scandinavia. Gerabilar Badger suna zaune ne a Transcaucasia, a Caucasus, a Asia Asiaarami da kuma wasu yankuna na Yammacin Asiya. Ana samun ɗayan kuɗin tallafin a cikin Japan. Tunda badgers suna ciyar da mafi yawan rayuwar su a cikin ɓoyewa, sun zaɓi wuraren da ƙasa mai laushi da ƙarancin ruwan ƙasa. Yawancin ƙauyukan su yawanci ana samun su ne a kan gangara, kan tsaunuka da kuma wurare masu tsafta.Narrowaramin kunkuntar da kuma manyan kafaffun kafaffun sun ba da izinin sarrafa lamba cikin sauƙi ko da ƙasa mai dutse tare da yin gida a can. Badger na zaune galibi ne a cikin daji da kuma cakuda daji. Ana iya samunsa a cikin gandun daji, kodayake ba sau da yawa. A wajen kudu, mugayen za su zauna har a cikin yankin da ke cikin kwari da hamada. Amma abin da ake bukata a gabansu shine kusancin tafki - a nesa nesa ba kusa da kilomita kilomita daga wurin ba.

Menene badgers ke ci?

A safiya, maraice suna barin gidajensu don su sami abincin kansu. Kyakkyawan jin ƙanshi, saurin sauraro da hangen nesa, suna ba masu ba da izini su jagoranci rayuwar sirri. Tenanyen ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyun, bishiyoyi da suka faɗi - duk wannan shine binciken mafarautan dare. A daya tafi, wannan dabbar zata iya kama kwayayen kwarya. Kwalba dabba ce ta kowa da kowa, ya ci duk abinda ya ga ya zama mai amfani, duk da cewa ya fi son abincin dabbobi. Abincin da aka saba don jakar shine katantanwa, tsintsaye, kwari da tsutsotsi. Tana iya yin abinci a kan ciyawar, ƙwayayen tsuntsaye da kunkuru. Kadan kadan kadan, yakan ci kwaro, tsuntsaye, da kananan dabbobi, gami da jijiyoyi, gwanaye. Daga cikin abincin shuka, jakar ta fi son busassun berries da 'ya'yan itatuwa, kwararan fitila, kwayoyi da namomin kaza.

Idan aka kwatanta da sauran membobin gidan Marten, kamar Wolverines, badgers na zuma, tsarin narkewa mara kyau bai dace da abincin nama ba. Fannonan ba su da haɓaka sosai, kuma abubuwan motsi na motsi sun fi dacewa da abubuwan shuka. Miyagunan ba sa kaiwa manyan dabbobi hari, amma suna iya yin nasarar kare kansu da yankinsu, tare da korar manyan mafarauta daga gidajensu. Ta hanyar lokacin hunturu, jakar ta tara kyakkyawan fat, wanda yake wajibi don shirya tsawan lokacin ja. Sakamakon mai da aka tara, nauyin jikinta na iya ninkawa.

Hadari da abokan gaba

Godiya ga rayuwar da ba ta dace ba, maraƙin yana da ƙarancin abokan halitta, zai iya ɓoye cikin sauri a cikin ramuka mai zurfi, kuma dabbar da ke jin yunwa ba zai jira shi kwanaki ba. Koyaya, masu farauta, kamar kyarkeci, lynxes, yawancin lokaci suna nuna sha'awar mazauninsu, musamman idan rashin saurin shiga yanar gizo zai iya zama mai kyau. Manyan karnuka na iya kawo wasu hadari ga jakar. Koyaya, azzalumai suna zaune a cikin manyan iyalai, kuma suna iya tattarawa cikin ɗaukacin dangi, wanda zai basu damar kare yankin su ko da daga maƙiyin gaske. Wannan halayen ya zama dole don rayuwa a cikin daji.

Short, babban paws tare da dogon yatsu a karshen taimako a loosening m ƙasa da ginin mafaka. Lokacin saduwa da mutane ko mafarauta, maraba ya gwammace ya ɓoye a cikin hanyar shi, amma a wasu halaye zai iya ciji mai kai hari ko amfani da dogayen maganganun sa, sannan yayi ƙoƙarin ɓoye.

Miyagun dabbobi na iya wahala daga helminthiases da cututtuka. Kusan sau da yawa, dabbobi suna kamuwa da trichinosis. Badger na iya zama mai ɗaukar jigilar cututtukan rabbai da tarin fuka.

Wata hatsarin da ke iya jira ta dabbar ta farauta. Dalilin farauta na iya zama gashin dabbobi ko kitse mai kitse. Amma galibi ana lalata lalata dabbobi da ramukarsu don sarrafa yawan jama'arsu saboda hatsarin yaduwar cututtuka. A cikin ƙasashen Turai, ba a kashe dabbobi ba, amma ana yi musu rigakafin cutar zomaye a cikin yanayin halitta. Ayyukan ɗan adam suna haifar da wasu lahani ga masu saɓo: suna iya mutuwa daga magungunan kashe ƙwari ko kan hanyoyi lokacin da babbar hanyar wucewa ta tsallake zuwa wuraren asalin mugayen. Kari akan haka, ana tilasta dabbobi su saba da sabon yanayin rayuwa bayan rushe gidajensu.

Ctionwayarwa da zuriyar bajoji

Badgers sune halittun da suke yin aure iri ɗaya waɗanda suke haɗe sau ɗaya tsawon shekaru. Yawancin lokaci dabbar ta hanyar canjin yanayi a cikin badgers suna faɗuwa a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon kaka. Tare da fara lokacin kiwo a cikin maza, ana inganta aikin glandon na musamman a gindin wutsiya, daga abin da aka fito da wani ruwa mai ƙamshi da wari. Matsayi yana haifar da bushewar shuɗi mai haske a ƙarƙashin wutsiya. Baƙi suna alamar yanki tare da wannan sirrin, tafiya daya bayan ɗaya, suna sa sauti halayyar wasannin tsalle-tsalle.

Haɗa kai da haihuwar jarirai na iya faruwa a lokuta daban-daban. Wannan an ƙaddara shi da yankin zama da halayen mutum. Misali, baƙaƙen Turai suna da zuriya daga Disamba zuwa Afrilu, kuma a Rasha an haife jarirai ba a farkon Maris ba. Tsawancin lokacin daukar ciki a cikin badgers ya bambanta daga kwanaki 271 zuwa 450. Lokacin da aka dace da juna a lokacin bazara, tsawon lokacin haihuwa yana gajarta, amma idan aka sami juna biyu a cikin hunturu, to lokacin yana jiran haihuwar zuriya yana da matukar fadada. Irin wannan canjin zamani yana faruwa ne saboda halayen dabbobi na dabbobi - kasancewar yanayin da ake kira latti na ciki.

Dabbobi suna da hankali sosai game da zuriyarsu. Nan da nan bayan haihuwar, cuban maraban ba su daidaita da rayuwar 'yanci ba. Su makaho ne kuma marasa taimako, masu nauyin gram 70-80 ne kawai, kuma suna buƙatar kulawa koyaushe daga mahaifiyarsu. Watan wata daya kacal bayan haihuwa, mugayen bude idanunsu kuma hakoran madara sun bayyana. Badan matan suna ciyar da cubasan, suna fitar da su don yin garkuwa, suna tsare da taimaka wa jariran su zama manya kuma masu zaman kansu, koyon yadda ake samun abinci da taimaka wa dangi su tsira.

A wata na uku, uwa ta daina ciyar da yaran tare da madara, hakoransu na dindindin sun fashe, sai suka koma kai-da-kai. A wannan lokacin, adadin ci gaban badgers yana raguwa, amma suna samun nauyi ta hanyar tara yawan kitse a lokacin hunturu. A cikin hibernation nata na farko, ci gaban saurayi ya kasance tare da mahaifiyarsa a cikin rami. Mata sun kai ga balaga har zuwa shekaru biyu, kuma daga dan lokaci kadan daga shekaru uku. A cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, yawanci rabin matasa ne ke rayuwa. Sauran mutanen suna rayuwa a cikin yanayi har zuwa shekaru 10-12. A cikin zaman talala, wannan lokacin ya fi tsayi kuma kimanin shekaru 16 ne.

Matsayi mara kyau da darajar kamun kifi

Gabaɗaya, matsayin irin wannan nau'in a matsayin maraƙin gama gari ba ya haifar da damuwa. Amma shekaru da yawa da suka gabata, tasirin anthropogenic ya haifar da raguwar adadin waɗannan dabbobi a cikin ƙasashen Turai. Bugu da ƙari, a kwanan nan, ɗan adadi mai yawa sun ɗauki epizootics na rabies, amma yanzu maganganun cutar a tsakanin waɗannan dabbobi ba su da yawa. A cikin ƙasashe da dama na Turai, an amince da doka kan matakan kiyayewa don yawan al'adar, wanda ya ba da damar kiyaye wannan nau'in. A yau, yawan dabbobin a cikin kasashen Turai an asali an dawo da shi kuma yana ci gaba da haɓaka, amma a wasu wurare ayyukan ɗan adam yanzu yana haifar da raguwar adadin waɗannan dabbobin.

Duk da cewa wasu lokuta ana amfani da fur ɗin marma ɗin don kayayyakin dinke, yana da matukar ƙarfi kuma baya wakiltar ƙima mai yawa. Na badis na bristles suna yin goge-goge da kuma goge goge. Yawancin mafarauta suna farautar dabbobi da farko don nama da mai. Badger a madadin magani ana ɗaukarsa yana da amfani domin yana ɗauke da bitamin da abubuwa masu aiki da kayan halitta.

Karnuka suna da tasirin gaske ga biogeocenosis. Girman ramuka da yawa suna shafar abun da ƙasa ke ciki da abubuwan da suke rayuwa a ciki. Badgers suna yin kyakkyawan aiki tare da kwari da yawa na aikin gona, irin su lardin Maybug da sauran hanyoyin lalata. Amma dabba kuma zai iya cutar da gidan ta hanyar hawa kan kankara ko kuma zuwa gonar inabinsa. Haka kuma an sani cewa badgers suna lalata gidan tsuntsayen da suke ƙasa.

Abubuwan da ke cikin abinci mai kyau

Gerariyar baƙar fata ce, kuma namarta galibi tana kamuwa da helminths, gami da trichinosis. Lokaci-lokaci a cikin kafofin watsa labarai akwai labaran mafarauta - masoya na badger, waɗanda ke samun kansu a asibiti tare da alamun rashin gamsuwa da cutar. Dabba na iya zama mai ɗaukar kahon zomaye. Saboda haka, amfani da nama da fat ba tare da ƙwarewa na musamman ba wanda ba a son shi. Idan, duk da haka, an yanke shawara don cinye abincin nama, kwano ɗin dole ne a ɗan jiyya sosai, ana dafa abinci na tsawon awanni uku.

Wadanda suka yi kokarin cin naman mara kyau suna ɗaukar cewa abu ne mai yiwuwa, amma mai tsauri. Tun lokacin da aka fara neman badger ɗin yana faruwa a lokacin faduwa, dabbar ta wannan lokacin ta tattara mahimman kayan mai. Sabili da haka, naman sa zai kasance mai kalori sosai kuma mai kitse, galibi koda yayi yawa.

Badger farauta

Ana iya farautar Badger a cikin mazaunun daga Satumba 1 zuwa Nuwamba 15. Dole ne a tuna cewa an saita lamba ga kowane lamba a kowane yanki kuma an amince da wani keɓaɓɓen yawa. An ba da izinin kamun kifi daga kusanta, hanyar zama, amfani da na'urori masu haske, tarko, karnukan farauta. An ba shi izinin amfani da suttura, raga, an yarda ya haƙa rami mai rami zuwa ramin mara don taimakawa kare. Bayan haka, wannan wurin dole ne ya rufe duniya. Kafin zaɓar hanyar farauta, ya zama dole a fayyace ƙa'idodin da ke da inganci a wani yanki na musamman.

A lokacin farauta don badger, ana iya amfani da bindiga mai tsayi mai tsayi da makami mai ganga (katanga - har zuwa 8 mm, ɗaki - har zuwa 51 mm). Za'a iya haɗa makamin tare da ganga mai canzawa. Lokacin da za a yi wasan wuta, ba a amfani da katangar mil 5,6 karkashin kabad mai ƙwanƙwasa zoben.

Badger ba kyakkyawa bane ga farauta. Badger gashi yana da wuya kuma baya jin daɗin taɓawa. Wannan dabba, kodayake tana amfani da abincin tsirrai, maharma ce, don haka naman sa ya yi tsauri kuma a lokaci guda mai ƙiba ne. Babban matsalar ita ce cewa naman mara kyau na iya kamuwa da cutar Trichinella. Abin sha'awa ga wasu mafarauta na iya zama mai kitse, wanda aka yi imanin yana da kaddarorin amfani kuma ana amfani dashi a maganin gargajiya.

Nasihu don dabbobin zamani na farauta

Babban hanyoyin kamun kifin don badger shine burgewa, tarko, ana iya amfani dashi don ɓoye da kuma kama dabbobi. Don zaɓin farauta na farko, dachshund ko ɗayan nau'ikan masu ba da fata ya dace. Dole ne kare ya zama mai iya gwargwado, tabbatacce kuma mai juriya don tsayayya da dogon fada tare da maraƙin. Kafin ka kewaye rami, kana buƙatar bincika yankin kuma ka tabbata cewa dabbar tana amfani da wannan mafaka. Crawararrun ƙiraje na ƙasa da kuma kasancewar motsi da ke kusa da bakin ciki na iya magana game da kasancewar dabba.

Don fahimtar lokacin da ake yin hano rami, kuna buƙatar sauraron sautin da karen ya yi. Yawancin lokaci yakan fara haushi lokacin da ya sami dabbar, amma tana buƙatar tono lokacin da kare ya jefa dabbar a ƙarshen ƙarshen mutuwa kuma ana jin saurin haushi daga wuri guda. Dole ne a haƙa hutu a bayan kare, sannan a cire shi a hankali. Bai kamata ku sami jakar rayuwa tare da hannuwanku ba. Ciwan dabbar yana da haɗari, tun da yake dillalin rabies ne.

Lokacin amfani da tarkuna, lallai ne a kula dasu don cire kamshi. An cire maiko daga samovol tare da acetone, to, ana dafa shi a cikin broth coniferous. Badarama galibi tana amfani da tarkon A'a 5. Kafa jirage masu saukar ungulu kusa da ƙofar zuwa rami, a cikin ɓangarorin hanyoyin da ke ɗauke da maraƙin zuwa ɗakin wanka ko wurin ciyar. Badger "bayan gida" galibi yana da mita ɗari daga gidan kuma yana da bayyanar karamin ɓacin rai.

Zai zama da amfani ga mafaraucin sanin fasalin halayen maɓallin badger. Yana da matukar tunatarwa game da beyar, kodayake mafi girman girma. Wuraren kwalin suna da faɗi sosai (5-6 cm), suna ɗauke da yatsun yatsa biyar, waɗanda suke cikin baka a gefen gaban bugu. Alamar taɓo a bayyane a bayyane take. Idan dabbar tana motsawa a wata ƙara, kwafin da take tafe zata rufe gaban ta. Tare da motsin jinkirin, irin wannan ɗaukar hoto wani ɓangare ne, don haka layi biyu na maƙallan yatsunsu, yatsunsu tare da ɗayan hoton alama na diddige zai zama a bayyane.

Farauta da huskies yana farawa a cikin lokacinda aka tsara kuma yawanci wasu gungun mafarauta ne. Ana mayar da karnuka ga dabbobi da suke dawowa daga ciyarwar dare. Sauran mafarautan suna jiran dabbobi a kogon. Motsi zuwa cikin ramuka burrow tare da itacen goge ko rassan spruce. Harin kare ya tilasta ma maigidan neman mafaka a gidansa. Lokacin da maharbi ya ji cewa kukan kare ya zama na dindindin, yakan yi magana da muryarsa kuma ya harbi dabbar da aka kora.

Ana cire haɓar jaka daga farashi bayan an gano rami da aka zaunar dashi. Mafaraucin yana sanye da matsugunnin sha biyu na matakai biyu daga ƙofar zuwa ƙofar gidan. Kuna buƙatar yin wannan yayin ranar da dabbar ta yi barci bayan farauta ta dare. A matsayin zaɓi, zaka iya shirya ɗakunan ajiya a kan bishiya. Wannan zai ba da kyakkyawan shimfiɗar gani kuma ƙara haɓakar damar rashin kulawa. A cikin tsari wanda aka riga aka shirya kana buƙatar fito da rabin sa'a kafin yamma. Dare da hasken rana shine ya fi dacewa da kwanton bauna; kafin a harbi, wurin da ake farauta yana haskakawa da hasken lantarkin ko kuma wata na’urar haske. Wannan ba zai taimaka kawai don gudanar da harbi da nufin ba, har ila yau zai ba da ma'amala da wanda ya bar mafakarsa.

Farauta daga badger na buƙatar kyakkyawar hanya, saboda haka, idan ba ƙwararrun mafarautan da ke kama kifi ba, zai fi kyau a yi amfani da taimakon maharbi ko masanin gari wanda ya yi nazarin halayen wannan dabbar da kyau. Bugu da kari, koyaushe yakamata ku tuna game da wasu abubuwan gudanarwa da kuma na doka, saboda kamun kifi don bai kamata ya wuce iyakokin da aka kafa ba.