Pearl gourami (lat. Trichopodus leerii, tsohuwar Trichogaster leerii) tana ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan kifin kifaye. Maza suna da kyau musamman a lokacin ƙyashewar launuka, lokacin da launuka suka cika, da jan ciki da makogwaron da ke haske a cikin ruwa kamar tsirrai.
Wannan kifin mai cinyewa ne, sun bambanta da sauran kifayen domin zasu iya shakar iskar oxygen. Kodayake, kamar duk kifi, suna sha oxygen narkar da ruwa, saboda mawuyacin yanayin rayuwa da suke rayuwa a ciki, yanayi ya wadatar da su da kayan aikin labyrinth.
Tare da shi, kifi na iya numfasa iska daga saman kuma ya rayu a cikin matsanancin yanayi. Wani fasalin na labyrinth shine cewa sun gina gida mai kumfa, inda soyayen su ke girma.
Hakanan, kifayen na iya yin sautuka, musamman a lokacin yawo. Amma abin da aka haɗa shi bai riga ya fito fili ba.
Rayuwa cikin yanayi
Bleeker ya bayyana su a cikin 1852. Kifi na gida a cikin Asiya, Thailand, Malesiya da tsibiran Sumatra da Borneo. A hankali yadawo zuwa wasu yankuna, misali? zuwa Singapore da Kolombiya.
Pearl gourami an jera su cikin haɗari a cikin littafin Red. A wasu yankuna, musamman a Tailandia, yawanci ya kusan ɓacewa.
Wannan na faruwa ne saboda gurɓataccen ɗabi'ar halitta da yaɗuwar ikon ɗan adam.
Hanyoyin da aka kama a cikin yanayi ba a samun su sau da yawa akan sayarwa, kuma mafi yawa sune kifaye da aka girma akan gonaki.
A dabi'a, suna zaune a ƙananan kwari, a fadama da koguna, tare da ruwan acidic da ciyayi mai yawa. Suna ciyar da kwari da tsirrai.
Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na kifi, kamar yadda danginsu - laliuse, shine za su iya farautar kwari da ke yawo akan ruwa.
Suna yin hakan kamar haka: kifi ya daskare a farfajiya, yana neman ganima. Muddin kwaro ya isa, sai ya kwarara wani rafi na ruwa a ciki, yana kwankan shi cikin ruwan.
Bayanin
Jikin jiki ne wanda yake da elongated, a gefe guda ana matsa shi. Doinsan fari da na farji suna da tsawo, musamman a cikin maza.
Aƙƙarfan ventral iforman wasa suna da mahimmanci kuma suna da matukar damuwa; suna jin duk abin da yake kewaye dasu da gourami.
Launin Jiki yana da launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi ko launin ruwan kasa, tare da ɗigon abin da kifin ya sami suna.
Zasu iya girma zuwa 12 cm, amma yawanci ƙasa a cikin akwatin kifaye, game da cm cm 8. Kuma tsammanin rayuwa na shekaru 6 zuwa 8 tare da kulawa mai kyau.
Wuya a cikin abun ciki
Tsarin halittar marasa tsari ne, yana dacewa da yanayin rayuwa daban-daban, yana rayuwa tsawon lokaci, kusan shekaru 8.
Yana cin kowane abinci, kuma a ƙari, yana iya cin hydra, wanda ya fada cikin akwatin kifaye tare da abinci.
Wannan babban kifi ne wanda zai iya rayuwa a cikin babban akwatin kifaye tare da jinsin da yawa. Wadannan kifayen na iya girma har zuwa 12 cm, amma yawanci ƙasa ne - 8-10 cm.
Suna raye tsawon lokaci, har ma suna nuna wasu alamun hankali, sanin ubangijinsu da masu biredi.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa kifayen lu'u-lu'u sunada yawa, suna da kwanciyar hankali da kwanciyar hankali. Da kyau ya dace da janar na cikin ruwa, amma zai iya zama mai ɗan ƙage.
Don gyara ana buƙatar aquarium da yawa dasa tare da wuraren buɗe wuraren yin iyo.
Ciyar da abinci
Omnivores, a cikin yanayin ciyar a kan kwari, larvae da zooplankton. A cikin akwatin kifayen, yana cin kowane nau'in abinci - raye, daskararre, wucin gadi.
Tushen abinci mai gina jiki za a iya sanya abincin mutum - flakes, granules, etc. Kuma ƙarin abinci zai kasance mai rai ko abinci mai sanyi - jinin haila, coronetra, tubule, artemia.
Suna cin komai, abu ɗaya shine cewa kifayen suna da ƙaramin baki, kuma basa iya hadiye manyan abinci.
Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa shine cewa zasu iya cin hydra. Hydra karamin halittar hanji ne wanda ke da tanti da guba.
A cikin akwatin kifaye, tana iya farautar soya da ƙananan kifi. A zahiri, irin waɗannan baƙi ba su da kyau kuma gurus zai taimaka wajen magance su.
Kulawa da Kulawa
Daga dukkan nau'ikan gourami, lu'u-lu'u shine mafi yawan magana. Koyaya, don abun ciki baya buƙatar wani abu na musamman, kawai kyakkyawan yanayi.
Aquariums mai fili tare da haske mai taushi ya dace. Kifi ya fi son ruwa na tsakiya da babba.
Matasa kifi za a iya girma a cikin lita 50, amma manya sunada buƙatar ƙarin akwatin kifaye mai fili, zai fi dacewa daga lita 100 a cikin girma.
Yana da mahimmanci cewa yawan zafin jiki na iska a cikin ɗakin da ruwa a cikin wasan kifin gwargwadon iko, tunda gourams yana motsa oxygen, to, tare da babban bambanci zasu iya lalata kayan labyrinth.
Har ila yau, zazzabi yana da mahimmanci, mazaunan ƙasashe masu ɗumi basa jure ruwan sanyi.
Jirgin ruwa yana da kyawawa, amma yana da mahimmanci cewa babu wani yanayi mai ƙarfi, kifi kamar ruwa mai natsuwa. Nau'in ƙasa ba shi da mahimmanci, amma suna da kyau a kan tushen ƙasa mai duhu.
A cikin akwatin kifaye, yana da kyau a shuka ƙarin ,an tsire-tsire, da tsire-tsire masu tasowa zuwa farfajiya. Ba sa son hasken mai haske da kuma ƙaramin abin tsoro a kansu.
Yana da mahimmanci cewa zafin jiki ruwa yana cikin yanki na 24-28 ° C, sun daidaita don sauran. Amma ya fi kyau cewa acidity yana cikin kewayon pH 6.5-8.5.
Yarbuwa
Sosai cikin kwanciyar hankali, koda a lokacin tsiya, wanda yayi kwatankwacin dacewa da dangin su, alal misali, marmara gourami. Amma a lokaci guda suna da tsoro kuma suna iya ɓoye har sai sun zauna.
Hakanan, basu da saukin rayuwa yayin ciyarwa, kuma yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar cewa sun sami abinci.
Betterauke da mafi kyawun tare da sauran kifayen masu aminci. Mafi kyawun maƙwabta suna kama da girman da halaye ga kifin, amma ka tuna cewa sauran nau'ikan gourami na iya yin zalunci ga danginsu.
Scalaria na iya zama maƙwabta masu kyau, duk da wasu ƙwarewar intraspecific.
Tare da maza yana yiwuwa a kiyaye, amma waɗanda ba a iya tsammani ba kuma masu son ɓarna, na iya bin lu'u-lu'u mai banƙyama, saboda haka ya fi kyau mu guji maƙwabta.
Ciki sosai tare da Neon, parsing da sauran ƙananan kifaye.
Yana yiwuwa a ƙunshi jatan lande, amma kawai tare da manyan wadatattun, cherries da neocardines za a yi la'akari dasu azaman abinci.
Ba za su ci shrimps da yawa ba, amma idan kuna daraja su, zai fi kyau a hada su.
Kiwo
Sake bugun yana da sauki. A lokacin tsallakewa, maza zasu bayyana a gabanka a cikin mafi kyawun fasalinsu, tare da jan kunne mai ciki da ciki.
Hakanan yayin yin yawo, maza sukan shirya fada da abokan adawar su.
A waje, ya yi kama da faɗa tare da sumbatar gourami, lokacin da kifaye biyu suka yiwa juna ɗan gajeren lokaci, sannan kuma a hankali suka sake gabaɗa juna.
Kafin tsallakewa, ma'aurata suna ciyar da abinci mai yawa; yawanci, mace tana shirye don fitsara tana ƙara yawan ƙiba. An dasa ma'aurata a cikin filin shimfiɗataccen fili, ingantaccen ruwa, tare da madubi na ruwa da kuma zazzabi mai yawa.
Ofarar da ke haifar da tsirkiya daga lita 50, zai fi dacewa sau biyu, tun da matakin ruwan da ke ciki dole ne a rage girmansa, wanda ya sa ya kai kusan 10-13 cm.
Abubuwan tsire-tsire masu iyo ruwa, alal misali, ricchia, suna buƙatar a bar su a saman ruwa domin kifin ya iya amfani dashi azaman kayan gini don gina gida.
Namiji ya fara gina gida. Da zaran an shirya, wasannin faratis na farawa. Yana da mahimmanci a wannan lokacin kada a share su ko tsoratar dasu, kifin yana nuna ladabi sosai fiye da sauran nau'in gourami.
Namiji yakan kula da mace, yana gayyatar ta zuwa gida. Da zaran ta yi ruwa, sai namiji ya rungume ta da jikin sa, yana matse qwai kuma ya rage mata dama a can. Wasan yana da sauki fiye da ruwa da tsalle, amma namiji ya kama shi ya sanya shi a cikin gida.
Ga mace ɗaya, mace na iya hadiye kwai 2000. Bayan tsallakewa, mace za a iya barin ta, kamar yadda namiji ba ya bin ta, amma ya fi kyau ta shuka ta, komai ta yi ayyukanta.
Namiji zai tsare da gyara gida har sai an soya. Tsutsa za ta kyankyashe bayan kwana biyu, bayan wasu ukun kuma fyaɗa zai iyo.
Daga wannan lokacin, za'a iya kashe namiji, domin yana iya lalata soya yana kokarin mayar da shi gida. An ciyar da soya tare da infusoria da microworm har sai ya iya cin abinci na artemia nauplia.
Duk wannan lokacin, ruwan ya zama kusan 29C. A cikin akwatin kifaye tare da soya, ya zama dole don shirya ruwa mai rauni, har izuwa lokacin da bai samar da kayan aikin labyrinth ba, kuma ya fara tashi a bayan iska zuwa saman.
Daga wannan lokacin, za a iya ƙara yawan ruwan a cikin akwatin kifaye, kuma za a iya rage ko a nakasa. Malek yana girma da sauri, amma ya bambanta a girma kuma don don guje wa cin naman mutane yana buƙatar a rarrabe shi.
Launi
A akasarin asalin kifin-gwal na jikin kifin, an keɓance aibi da lu'ulu'u. Insasusu biyu na ƙwanƙwasawa, ƙeƙwal da ƙasan caudal, suna ba da ra'ayi na ƙwanƙolin tulle kuma suna da lu'u lu'ulu'u ɗaya ɗaya kamar jiki. A lokacin shakatarwa, launin ruwan kalanda ya zama mai kauri, ɗigon lu'u-lu'u sami haske mai haske - “ƙone”.
Male lu'u-lu'u gourami suna da farin ciki mai narkewa da kirji na gaba da launin ruwan kasa mai launin baya. A lokacin hura ciki, ƙaramin ɓangaren abin cike yake da ruɓaɓɓen fata, kirjin duka da fin fin, gabanin wutsiyar wutsiya, zana launi mai haske.
Daga kai zuwa gindin caudal fin gourami yana tafiyar da tsiri mai duhu. Mata suna da launin canza launin monotonously kuma ba sosai ba sosai, amma mace suna da ɗan cika fiye da namiji.
Jiki
A cikin gourami lu'u-lu'u, bangarorin, ƙoshin ƙashi da ƙyallen ƙwaya suna matse ta gefen, a cikin sifan olongated, kuma ƙashin hancin suna da yawa. Tsawon namiji yakai kimanin cm 11, mace kuma karami ce. A karkashin yanayin kulawar akwatin kifaye, bai wuce tsawon cm 8 ba.
Fins
Doarfin ƙwanƙanƙan ƙwarya tana daɗaɗɗun haɓaka. An nuna goge baki. A cikin mata, ya fi guntu da zagaye. Arfin ventral dogo ne mai kama da zare. An shimfiɗa su cikin zaren bakin ciki kuma kifi suna amfani da shi azaman alfarma ta asali wanda suke jin abubuwa a gabansu.
Yanayin tsarewa: Kayan ruwa na ruwa daga lita 60 na giram 6-8 na lu'u-lu'u. Ruwa: dH4-20, pH6-7.8; zazzabi 24-28 ° С. Abinci: rayuwa (daphnia da sauran ɓarna, ƙwayar jini), hatsi, abincin shuka.
Jiki da Iri
Tsarin ya samar da hanyar hadewa da kayan maye. Hakanan an samar da nau'in albino na lu'u-lu'u gourami.
Loversaunar masoya Moscow sun yi nasarar haye gourami lu'u-lu'u (namiji) tare da shugabar gourami mai shuɗi (mace). Hybrids suna da yanayin jiki mai launin shuɗi, an rufe su da farin fari ba tare da kyawun lu'u-lu'u ba. Ana kwararar fitsari tare da aibobi mai haske, wutsiya fari. Wannan matasan yana da ban sha'awa na ado.
Halittu
Halittar kwayoyin halittar mutum
- Matakan da aka ajiye na nucleotide a cikin bayananShiga, GenBank, NCBI, Amurka: 7 (har zuwa 18 ga Fabrairu, 2015).
- Tsarin jerin furotin da aka sanya a cikin tsarin bayanai Shiga ciki, GenBank, NCBI, Amurka: 3 (kamar na 18 ga Fabrairu, 2015).
Sufuri
Pearl Gurami samfuran labyrinth ne, wanda bai kamata a manta dashi lokacin sufuri ba. A takaice dai, oxygen yana da matukar mahimmanci a gare ta. Ruwa a cikin tanki yayin sufuri kada ya wuce rabin. Idan an shirya tafiya na dogon lokaci, to zai dace lokaci-lokaci a sanyaya kwandon tare da kifin. Na dogon lokaci, kada ku rufe ganga!
Gurami Pearl kifin kifin kifayen sune kadan a cikin abin da suke ciki. Misali, yana da kyau mu sanya girman akwatin kifin daga lita 60, idan muna magana ne game da yanayin kwanciyar hankali na wakilan bakwai na wannan nau'in a tsakanin su. Fifiko ga mace uku don barin mace ɗaya. Murfin murfin akwatin kifayen bai kamata ya rufe da kyau ba, kuma sarari da ke ƙarƙashinsa dole ne a kasance da iska mai kyau. Ya kamata a fahimci cewa dole ne a rufe akwatin kifaye, in ba haka ba akwai damar samun iska mai sanyi, kifayen na iya kama mura. Wutar da ke kewaye da kifin ya kamata ta zama mafi haske,
Don ƙasa a cikin akwatin kifaye, yashi ruwan yashi cikakke. Zuba musamman yadudduka. Yin silsi kada ya wuce matsakaicin matakin.
Dense da voluminous sun dace kamar tsire-tsire, suna ɓoyewa a inda arwaƙwalwar Gurami zata ji lafiya. Amma sarari don iyo dole ne ya kasance. Irin waɗannan tsire-tsire na iya zama elodea ko pinnate. Idan kana son sanya tsire-tsire a farfajiya, zai fi kyau ka ƙarfafa su a ƙananan tsibiran.
Siffofin abubuwan zafin jiki sun bambanta, dangane da yanayin kifi na wannan nau'in. Yankin da yafi dacewa da rayuwarsu shine zai zama ruwan zafi a kalla digiri 24. In ba haka ba, kifi na iya yin rashin lafiya. Daga wannan ya kamata a ƙarasa da cewa tabbatarwa da kulawa suna buƙatar wadatar da injin mai ruwa don akwati tare da Pearl Gourami.
Da yake magana game da daidaituwa da sauran kifayen, wasu matsaloli na iya tashi a nan. Gurami Lu'u-lu'u da kansu suna tallafawa sabbin masanana tare da wakilan wasu nau'in. Amma su antennae, sosai game da m da tsutsa m, na iya wasa da m wargi. Abin da ya sa yana da daraja bayar da fifiko ga rayayyun ɗakunan dabbobi. In ba haka ba, kawai kifi sau 2-3 mafi ƙaranci na iya zama maƙwabta a cikin sararin zama.
Ciyarwar yakamata ya zama karami. Ba za a iya yin watsi da wannan doka ba yayin kiyaye Gourami pearlescent.
Kiwo
Wannan batun takamaiman ne, saboda haka ya kamata a ba shi kulawa ta musamman. Gabaɗaya, kiwo a gidan wannan nau'in kifin bai da bambanci sosai da sauran mutane, amma har yanzu wasu halaye suna faruwa. Idan zazzabi da akwatin kifaye ne dagagge, amma spawning na iya faruwa kai tsaye can. Wannan an cika shi da cin zuriya kamar sauran nau'in kifaye, kuma a zahiri Pearl Gourami kansu.
Ya kamata a jinkirta shirin kiwo na waɗannan kifaye har zuwa ƙarshen bazara da kuma farkon lokacin bazara, tunda a wannan lokacin ne ba za a sami matsaloli na musamman game da abinci mai ƙari ba. Ana ɗaukar ma'anar a cikin sati yayin da maza ke buƙatar ware su daga matan. Lokaci kafin abincin ya shafi ciyar da abinci kai tsaye. Spaasa mai hudda da kanta ya kamata ya faru a cikin tankuna tare da ƙarar har zuwa lita 40, suna da ƙasa mai yashi, a ciki za'a sami wuraren ɓoye "da yawa" a cikin nau'i na duwatsu ko makamantansu. Hakanan ana buƙatar kasancewar tsire-tsire mai yawa. Domin namiji ya gina gida, ya zama dole a sanya wata babbar riccia a farfajiya. Gilashin akwatin kifaye dole ne a rufe shi da takarda, wanda zai hana tsoran kifin, wanda hakan na iya lalata zuriya gaba ɗaya. Ingancin ruwa da kanta yakamata ya yi daidai.
Ciyar da kanta tana karawa yayin da ruwan zafin ya hau zuwa digiri 28. Yana cikin irin wannan akwati ne aka sanya maza a ciki, kuma bayan ɗan lokaci (awa shida) ana gayyatar mace. Sannan namiji ya sami launi mai haske, bayan wannan ana ɗaukar shi don gina gida ta amfani da kumfa iska da faranti riccia. Wannan tsari yana ɗaukar kusan kwana ɗaya. Matar a wannan lokacin tana kallo daga nesa, ba ta shiga cikin aikin ginin.
Bayan an gama gina gida, sai mutumin ya gayyaci uwargidan don ta watse. Ita, kamar mace ta gaske, ba ta yarda da wannan lokacin ba. Sannan cavalier zai fara aiki da nishadi ta hanyar nuna launinsa mai ban mamaki. A ƙarshe, mace ta yarda da tayin. Wannan aikin yakan dauki awa biyu, a lokacin da mace tayi awon gaba da qwai sama da dari biyu, wanda mahaifinsa zaiyi takaba. Daga baya, a hankali ya sanya ƙwai cikin ramuka tsakanin kumfa a cikin gida. Kan aiwatar an kammala. Bayan haka, shigar namiji cikin aikin mahaifinsa ya ci gaba. Tare da wannan, ba a yarda wata mace ta shiga cikin ta ba. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ya kamata a kama mace kuma a ware ta daga mai hankali da zuriyarsu.
Lokacin shiryawa zai kai kwana biyu. A wannan lokacin, dole ne namiji ya yi matsananciyar yunwar, don haka lokacin da ya toya bayyana, zai iya zama mai fushi A wannan yanayin, ya kamata a cire shi daga zuriyar da wuri-wuri.
Lokacin da aka bar yara kawai, dole ne a rage matakin ruwan zuwa santimita 10 kuma tabbatar cewa ya tsaya a wannan yankin tsawon kwana 21. A wannan lokacin, maze fara samar da a cikin soya.A cikin kwanaki biyar na farko, soya na buƙatar mafi kyawun ƙura mai rai ko ciliates.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa rage zazzabi zai yuwu ne bayan wata daya da rabi!
Tare da kulawa da ta dace da lura sosai, ƙwayar toya za ta haɓaka cikin sauri kuma ba tare da ɗaukar nauyi ba.
Mai ban sha'awa don sani
- Uwar-Pearl Gurami tana da ikon farautar kwari masu yawo a saman ruwa. A saboda wannan, kifin, yana lura da abin da ya ci, ya daskarewa na ɗan lokaci. Lokacin da kwaro ya kasance cikin iyakar ƙarfinsa, sai gaɓar ruwa ta shiga, wanda arwaƙar Gurami ke zubowa, ta haka yana jefa shi cikin ruwa.
- Gourami tare da babban ci ya ci hydra. Creaturesanan halittun da ke da shinge da guba na iya cin ƙananan kifaye da soya. Pearly Gurami zai iya zama mai iya karewa a cikin irin waɗannan yanayi.
- Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Gourami interspecific yana da wuya su sami yare guda ɗaya tsakanin su fiye da sauran nau'in kifaye. Koyaya, akwai ra'ayi cewa suna buƙatar karin lokaci don daidaitawa da sabbin maƙwabta, saboda bisa ga dabi'a su halittu ne masu jin tsoro.
- A lokacin haɓaka soya, wajibi ne don saka idanu sosai a kan girman su. Suna haɓaka ta hanyoyi daban-daban, wanda ke nufin cewa ga mutane masu girman kayan ɗabi'a na iya zama abin dacewa.
- Kula da kulawa da kulawa suna da mahimmanci ta Lu'ulu'u na Gurams. Idan kun sami kifi wanda bayyanar shi ga kowane dalili yana sa ku shakku, to ya kamata ya hanzarta sanya shi cikin kwandon shara. Abin takaici, lu'ulu'u suna da ɗanɗani ga cututtuka fiye da wasu, amma babu buƙatar magana game da yaduwar ƙwayar cuta a cikin ƙungiyar.
- Da yake magana game da unpretentiousness na waɗannan kifayen, mutum yana iya sanin bambancin halinsu da cikakkiyar rashin juriya. Abin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci don cika akwatunan ruwa tare da tsirrai masu yawa. Yana da mahimmanci ga kifin ya ji lafiya, saboda kusan komai na iya tsoratar da kifin: motsawar kwatsam a waje da akwatin kifaye, canje-canje a mawuyacin yanayi, bayyanar maƙwabta maras so, har ma da tsarin ciyarwa!
- Da dama cututtuka da aka bayyana da Pearly Guram: naman gwari, tsutsotsi, ciliates, ƙwayoyin cuta. Yadda za'a iya ganowa: jiki an rufe shi da kumburi kaɗan, a ciki wanda raunuka, kasancewar baƙar fata a jikin mutum, rashin ci, bayyanar rashin jin daɗin rashin motsawa, fifikon iyo ko dai a farfajiya ko a ƙasa kawai, ƙonewar ciki mai kumburin ciki shima zai yiwu. Abin takaici, idan aka gano bushewar kifin, mutum zai iya yin Magana da karfin gwiwa game da kasancewar tarin fuka, amma irin wannan kifin ba zai iya ceta ba.
- Abincin dole ne ya haɗa da bushewa da abinci mai rai. Haka kuma, daidaitaccen tsarin sunadarai da abubuwan gina jiki yana da mahimmanci.
- Formirƙirar takalmin biyu don tsallakewa dole ne ta faru a zahiri. Lauyan da kansa dole ne ya zaɓi budurwa, in ba haka ba za su iya samun wasu matsalolin gano ɗaya a kan ɗaya.
- Encedwararrun masaniyar cikin ruwa masu ba da shawara suna ba da shawara game da kiwo a shekaru 8 zuwa shekara guda, kuma wannan shine mafi dacewa lokacin kawo canji. Idan ka rasa shi, wataƙila ba za a sami zuriya a gaba ba gaba ɗaya.
A ƙarshe
Pearl Gurams halittu ne masu ban mamaki waɗanda ana iya samunsu akan kusan duk wani ɗan ruwa mai ruwa-ruwa. Hakanan zaka iya sayan irin kifi a cikin yawancin shagunan dabbobi. Farashin daga 50 rubles. Kuna iya jigilar zuwa wurin turawa ko da a cikin jakar sandwich, amma idan lokacin zafi ne. A ƙarancin yanayin zafi, sanya Pearl na Gurami a cikin thermos kuma kunsa shi da tawul mai dumi. Bayan dawowa gida, yana da sharadin sanya kifin a cikin abin da ake kira keɓe masu ciwo. Wannan yanayin ya kamata a lura kawai idan akwai sauran kifaye a cikin akwatin kifaye. Wataƙila sabon makwabcin su ba shi da lafiya. Don haka, sanya ta cikin “keɓewa”, mutum zai iya lura da launinta, halayenta da kuma ci. Idan aka kiyaye duk yanayin lafiyarta, to za a iya gabatar da ita ga sababbin abokai.
Yawancin masanan aquarists sunyi da'awar cewa Lu'u-lu'u na Gurami baya jituwa da irin wannan nau'in, alal misali, tare da Gurami Marble. Wannan na faruwa ne saboda wani irin kishiya. Mafi kyawun duka, Gurami Pearlescent yana dacewa da mutane waɗanda suke ƙasa da girman su. Amma har ma suna iya haifar da ƙananan lahani ga mustar Pearl na Gurams ko tsoratar da kifin, kuma tsoro da damuwa suna lalata shi.
Gabaɗaya, gyaran Pean Lu'u-lu'u da Gurami bashi da wahala musamman. Babban abin da za a fahimta anan shine, wata halitta ce mai rai, wacce, kamar cat da kare, tana buƙatar abinci mai kyau, yanayi mai kyau da kuma lokacin kulawa. Tare da kyakkyawan tsari da kulawa, waɗannan kifayen za su iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 8, tare da kawo saukin zuriya. Babban abu shine a kula dasu da hankali, saboda yan kadan ne daga cikinsu suka rage!
Siffofin tsarin numfashi
Wadannan kifayen suna da sifofin halayyar tsarin tsarin numfashi. Suna buƙatar iska na sama. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna da wannan fasalin tsarin kifin yayin jigilar su - daga kantin sayar da dabbobi zuwa gidan kifin gida. Bayan haka, idan kun bar gidan dabbobi na dogon lokaci ba tare da iska ba, to, zai iya mutuwa. Sabili da haka, an ba da shawarar cewa lokacin hawa, cika rabin kwandon ruwa tare da ruwa kuma buɗe shi lokaci zuwa lokaci, yana tabbatar da kwararar oxygen.
Tsarin ruwa
Mafi kyawun ma'auni na ruwa ana ƙaddara su koyaushe dangane da asalin kifin, halayensu da kuma dacewa da yanayin. Pearl gourami ya kamata a kiyaye shi cikin ruwa yana da sigogi masu zuwa:
- Tashin hankali - 6.3 - 7,2 p,
- Wuya - 12-15
- Zazzabi - 25 - 28 ° С.
Akwatin kifaye
Yawanci, waɗannan kifayen ana shuka su ne a cikin adadin 6 - 8 guda. Matsakaicin rabo zai zama mace 3 a kowace namiji. Sabili da haka, akwatin kifayen ya kamata ya zama mai gamsuwa don rayuwa ga yawan kifaye - aƙalla lita 50.
Kuna buƙatar rufe akwatin kifaye tare da murfin gilashi. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kifi yana son tsalle daga cikin tafki. Hakanan, murfin yana aiki azaman shinge tsakanin ruwa da iska na ginin. Tun da iska a cikin ɗakin yana da digiri da yawa ƙasa da ruwa a cikin akwatin kifin, ba tare da murfin ba da sauri zai iya yin sanyi kuma ya zama ba dace da rayuwa ba. Amma ba za ku iya rufe murfin gaba ɗaya ba - dole ne a sami rata na kusan santimita 5-7.
Banbancin jinsi
Fitowar kifin yana da sauƙin yanke hukunci don sanin wace irin mace ce.
Maza sun fi girma fiye da mace, suna da launi mai haske da ƙyalli.
Akwai kuma wani nau'in fasalin da ke da halayyar wannan nau'in kifin kawai: wuyan namiji ya yi ja, wuyan mace mace ce ruwan lemo. Ana iya ganin wannan bambanci ko da a lokacin ƙuruciya, amma tare da haɓakar kifin, yana zama mafi bambanta kowace shekara.
Cututtuka
Lu'u-lu'u gourami suna da ingantacciyar rigakafi kuma ba su da tsinkayen yanayi ga kowace cuta. Koyaya, suna da matukar damuwa da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa, sabili da haka, lokacin da yake raguwa, rigakafi yana rauni, kuma haɗarin rashin lafiya yana ƙaruwa.
Dukkanin cututtukan waɗannan kifayen za a iya kasu kashi biyu: masu kamuwa da cuta da marasa cuta. An ba da kulawa ta musamman ga kifi da aka sayi kwanan nan. An ba da shawarar a adana su a cikin wani akwati na daban na makonni 2-3 bayan karɓa, don saka idanu hali da halin kiwon lafiya, kuma ba da haɗari gabatar da kamuwa da cuta a cikin ruwan ruwan gama gari.
Pearl gourami ba shi da kariya daga cututtukan da suka gama gari kamar ichthyophthyroidism, lymphocystosis, pseudomonosis, aeromonosis. Duk waɗannan cututtukan za'a iya gano su ta alamun gama gari:
- Halin kifayen ya zama ruwan dare,
- Ci a ci ko a rasa,
- Tsosai suna bayyana akan jiki (halayyar ichthyophthyroidism) ko ɓacin ciki,
- Abun ciki na iya kumbura.
Rigakafin cutar
Kamar yawancin cututtukan kifi, waɗannan cututtukan za a iya hana su ta hanyar kulawa da kulawa da ta dace da yanayin dabbobi. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar:
- Hankali kusanci ga tsarin ciyar da ba shawo kan kifi ba,
- Kula da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa akai a cikin akwatin kifaye ba ƙasa da 26 ° С,
- Kada ku rage ko ƙara tsaurara da acidity na matsakaici,
- A hankali kauda shimfidar wuri da ƙasa,
- Kada ku yi amfani da abincin da aka tattara a yanayi - kamuwa da cuta na iya ci gaba a cikinsu.
Pearl gourami kifin mai nutsuwa ne wanda zai yi ado da kowane akwatin kifaye tare da kasancewar sa. Babban abu shine bin duk ka'idodi don kulawa da ita da kuma kula da wannan mazaunin rakumar wucin gadi. Sannan za ta gode wa maigidanta da lafiya da tsawon rai!
Gida
Mafi yawanci ana samun su a Indiya, Thailand. Yana zaune a tsibiran Sumatra, Borneo, Java da kuma a cikin tsibiran biyu na Indochina da Malay. A yanayi, lu'u-lu'u, sumbancewa da gourami sun zama ruwan dare gama gari.
Gidan kamun kifi shine mafi girman wakilcin nau'ikansa kuma ya zama ruwan dare a cikin Babban tsibirin Sunda. Ba a yi niyya don kiwo a cikin akwatin kifaye ba saboda girman sa, kamar tsayinsa ya kai 60 cm.
A yau, adadin wannan nau'in ya kai wani matsayi mai mahimmanci, sabili da haka, a gida, ana kiyaye shi kuma an jera shi a cikin Littafin Layi.
Gourami yana zaune a cikin ruwa mai gudana. Godiya ga iyawar numfashin oxygen, yana da sauki a jure kasancewa cikin gurbataccen ruwa, tafkunan da suke tsaye, tafkuna da tafkuna.
Yawancin halaye daban-daban
Daga cikin halittu da yawa, wadanda suka fi yawa sune:
- Murmushi. Asar haihuwarsa ita ce Thailand. Kifin ya sami wannan sunan ne saboda tsarin na baka. Lokacin da ta yi karo da lebe, tana yin sauti na musamman kamar sumbancewa.
- Lu'ulu'u Gourami shine mafi kyawun gani idan aka kwatanta da sauran. Launin kifin yayi kama da ƙurar lu'ulu'u.
- Spotted, mafi yawanci ana samun su a Vietnam da Thailand. Zai iya zama launuka daban-daban, yana da halin nutsuwa.
- Honeyan zuma. Mahaifarsa ta India ce. Launin kifin mai launin shuɗi ne.
- Blue zaune a tsibirin Sumatra. Sunanta ya fito ne daga launin kore-launi mai launin shuɗi, wanda tare da farawa na zama mai haske sosai.
- Masu jan iri da gwal sun sha biki. Sun fi buƙata sosai, tsayayya da yanayin rashin tsaro na mafi muni kuma suna da taƙaitaccen tsawon rayuwa.
Labarin Gano
A cikin karni na XIX, wani masanin kimiyya daga Faransa, Pierre Carbonier ya gano nau'ikan lu'u-lu'u, wanda ya karanci batutuwan da suka shafi tasirin dabbobi na wurare masu zafi kuma ya shiga cikin rarraba gourami a matsayin nau'in kifin na akwatin kifaye. Amma a nan matsaloli sun jira shi. A gida, kifin ya zauna a cikin dakuna, a gonakin shinkafa. Ruwan da ke cikinsu ƙazanta ne, ya yi kauri kuma laka ne. A wannan batun, an ba da ra'ayi game da babban jimiri da mahimmancin kifi. Amma ba zai yiwu a kawo aƙalla misali ɗaya zuwa Tsohon Duniya ba, kifin ya mutu a hanya. Bayan wani rashin nasara, bincike da ƙoƙarin sufuri ya tsaya, kuma an gano musabbabin mace-mace ba sai bayan shekaru 20 ba.
Babban fasalin lu'u-lu'u gourami shine buƙatar shakar iska. Kashi rabin ruwa ne kawai ya fara zubawa a cikin kwandon a 1896, sannan ya juya ya wuce da farkon kifaye zuwa Turai. Daga baya, godiya ga A. S. Meshchersky, wannan nau'in ya bayyana a Rasha. Ya kasance sanannen masani aquarist a wancan lokacin, wanda ya sayi gurgu daga Pierre Carbonier kansa.
Abinci da halayyar mutum
Kuma dukda cewa an bambanta wannan nau'in ta yanayin kwantar da hankalinta, har yanzu tana da kunya. Idan akwai haɗari, nemi mafaka a cikin algae, duwatsu da ƙananan ramuka. Tare da kulawar da ta dace, tsawon rayuwar mata yana da shekaru 12, maza 14. Balaga ta fara ne daga watanni 8. A yayin jujjuyawa, yakan sanya sautikan danna sauti. Bugu da kari, lu'ulu'u gourami ya san ubangidansa ko wadancan mutanen da suke ciyar da shi.
Tun da bakin kifin yana da ƙaramin abu, kuna buƙatar siyan ƙaramar abinci. Ya kamata a ba da abinci sau biyu a rana.
- Ciyarwar Live. Wanan ƙaramin jini, coronet, tubule, daphnia an saya sosai, ko kuma katako, ciyawar ruwan sama, gari da microworms sun dace da su. Ga matasa yara, brine shrimp ya dace.
- Abincin mai sanyi. Gourami zai ci kowane irin daskarewa a cikin ƙananan masu girma dabam. Tubule, zubar jini, raspberries, cyclops, microplankton, ƙyalƙyalen ƙwaya ko jatan lande.
- Ciyarwa da bushewa. An bada shawara don ƙara kayan abinci na musamman waɗanda ke ɗauke da carotenoids waɗanda ke taimakawa inganta launi na kifi.
- Kayayyaki daga teburin ɗan adam. Gourami zai yi farin ciki da cin kyawawan jemagu da ƙyallen fata. Ya kamata a basu fiye da sau 2 a mako. Abincin abinci na wannan nau'in shine cuku na gida, a baya grated, kwakwalwan nama da cuku mai tsami. Ciyar da kifi tare da irin waɗannan samfuran ba shi da daraja fiye da 1 lokaci a cikin makonni biyu.
- Abincin gida. Ana iya yin abinci da kanka. Yanzu akwai girke-girke da yawa, gami da don kifin labyrinth. Sau da yawa waɗannan ciyarwar suna da tushen furotin, don haka daidaitawa zai zama da wahala.
Ba duk gourami bane zai iya cin abincin da ke sama. Speciesanan halittu ba za su iya jure wa da abinci mai ɗimbin yawa ba, yayin da kifayen gaba ɗaya ba za su iya cin abincin da aka yanko.
Bayyanar
Lu'u-lu'u gourami sune kifin labyrinth tare da kayan aikinsu. M jiki, dan kadan flattened a tarnaƙi. Ya danganta da ko mace ce namiji ko namiji, tsawonsa ya bambanta daga 10 zuwa 14 cm Babban sifa mai bambanta ƙusoshin. Su ne:
- Thoracic m launi kusan imperceptible. Suna farawa a tsakiyar jiki kuma har zuwa ƙarshen.
- Fasassun ventral sune zaren, wannan shine sassan jikin mutum.
- Anal Yana tashi daga dubura zuwa gindin wutsiya.
- Tafin wutsiyarsa yayi kama da yatsan kafa biyu.
Don fahimtar mace ko namiji, zaku iya yin girman ƙyallen. A cikin maza, sun fi tsawo. An rarrabe su ta launuka masu haske, wanda ya haɓaka taɓarɓarewa.
Sunan Gurami lu'ulu'u ne saboda haka godiya ga ƙananan farar fata dake zaune akan jikin, waɗanda suke kama lu'ulu'u. Yankin ciki da kirji suna murjani cikin launi, sannan kuma baya haske ne mai launin kore. A wasu wuraren, sikeli na iya zama duhu mai duhu, launin shuɗi-ja. A jikin kifin za ku iya ganin tsararren duhu wanda ya fara a kai ya ƙare akan wutsiya.
Wannan nau'in yana da nasa peculiarity. Suna buƙatar oxygen. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman don la'akari lokacin hawa gourami. Idan aka bar kifin ba tare da iska na dogon lokaci ba, zai mutu. Saboda haka, ganga tana cika da rabin ruwa kuma lokaci-lokaci a buɗe, yana ba da damar samun iska mai kyau.
Talauci mai jituwa
- Bariki
- Kokarini
- Kifin akuya
- Kifin zinari
- Astronotus,
- Tattaunawa
- Shrimp
- Piranhas.
Gurus sun dace sosai tare da scalaria da pecilia. Zasu iya samun daidaituwa tare da guppies, kwance. Cikakken jituwa tare da cockerels, astronotus, jatan lande, piranha, kifin gwal.
Cutar
Duk wani nau'in kifi yana da jerin cututtukan da ke tattare da shi. Gorami lu'u-lu'u ba shi yake ba. Fishaya daga cikin kifin mara lafiya na iya kamuwa da duk mazaunan akwatin kifaye. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye su cikin kyakkyawan yanayi kuma ku kula da lafiyar ku. Sau da yawa, kifin yana fara yin rashin lafiya saboda raunin da aka karɓa yayin sufuri, canjin zafin jiki, sigogin ruwa marasa dacewa a cikin akwatin kifaye, kulawa mara kyau da abinci mara kyau.
Cututtukan gama gari don lu'u lu'u-lu'u sune:
Lymphocystosis
Wannan kwayar cuta ce da ke cutar da sikelin kifaye kuma ta canza sel jikin mucous membrane. Blister yana bayyana akan fatar kifin, wanda za'a iya lura dashi nan da nan. Yankin da abin ya shafa ya zama lokaci mai tsawo, sannan ya tsage kuma kwayar ta fara yaduwa a cikin akwatin kifaye. Sau da yawa, ana iya ganin alamun farko akan ƙusoshin, to sai su bayyana a wasu yankuna.
Maganin Pseudomoniasis
Wannan cutar sankara ce wanda ƙwayoyin cuta ke haifar da ƙungiyar pseudomonad. Suna fada cikin ruwan akwatin kifaye tare da dabbobi marasa lafiya, ƙasa da tsirrai. A cikin mara lafiya mutum, wurare masu duhu suna farawa akan sikeli, wanda ke girma zuwa cikin raunuka na jini. Ana ajiye kifin da ya kamu da shi a cikin akwati na daban inda babu tsire-tsire. Don magani, ana amfani da daskararren potassium. Tsarke 0.5 grams na maganin a cikin lita 10 na ruwa kuma ku bar kifi a cikin irin wannan yanayin na mintina 15.Lokacin da babu wani keɓaɓɓen akwati ko akwatin kifaye, ana gudanar da aikin tare da taimakon bicillin 5, 500 000 IU na magani a kowace lita 100 na ruwa. Ana maimaita wannan hanyar sau 6, bayan kowace amfani, hutu don kwana 1 ya kamata a ɗauka.
Aeromonosis
Wannan cuta ce da ke haifar da ƙwayar cuta wanda ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta Aeromonos punctata, wanda yawancin lokuta ke bayyana a cikin datti, aquariums mai sanyi. Kifi mara lafiya ya ƙi abinci, ya motsa kaɗan kuma ya kwanta a ƙasa. An rufe hancin da jikinsa da farcen jini, yankin na ciki kuma ya kumbura.
Ba wai kawai cutar ba ta yadu ba ce, amma kuma tana da wahalar warkewa. An kashe kifi mara lafiya, kuma an lalata ruwan akwatin kifaye tare da bayani na musamman.