Masu farawa a cikin hanyoyin ruwa suna rikita algae tare da tsire-tsire, kodayake bambanci tsakanin waɗannan tsinkaye yana da yawa. Manyan tsire-tsire suna ƙawata akwatin kifaye kuma suna haifar da yanayin da ya dace don kifaye su rayu. Algae sune halittar ciyawa waɗanda suke harbin tsire-tsire masu girma kuma, a wasu yanayi, kifin kifaye. Mutane da yawa aquarists suna fuskantar bayyanar farar kore a kan gilashi, ƙasa da kayan ado. Gilashin da ba a taɓa buƙata ba a cikin akwatin kifaye yana ganimar da duniyar duniyar ruwa.
Alamu
Alamun lalacewar yanayin ƙasa:
- turbar ruwa
- canza launin launi zuwa kore da launin ruwan kasa,
- shimfidar wuri, farfajiyar ruwa da ƙasa an rufe su da fim kore ko plaque,
- babban matakan phosphorus da nitrates,
- da yawa bayyanar kore plaque a cikin akwatin kifaye.
An yi la'akari da plaque a cikin adadi kaɗan. Kar ku damu lokacin da kuka lura da tsan ɗigo kaɗan a cikin akwatin kifaye. Lura da fure, idan gilashin ya zama mai karfi kore kuma ruwan ya zama girgije, wannan ya haifar da damuwa.
Abinda ake buƙata don tsaftacewa
Don tsabtace akwatin kifaye, kuna buƙatar kayan tsaftacewa:
Tsaftace akwatin kifaye sau ɗaya a mako. Ana aiwatar da tsabtatawa a matakai 8:
- Shuka kifi da sauran fauna.
- Tsaftace ciki na akwatin kifaye, cire ɗakunan ajiya tare da scraper tare da tsawon tsawon.
- Ja ruwa daga ruwan tare da sauran algae a cikin guga.
- Siphon kasar gona.
- Cire kayan ado da duwatsun, a hankali tsabtace daga ganye.
- Wanke kayan ciki da ruwan da aka ɗora daga jirgin ruwan.
- Sanya ruwan da aka riga aka gama.
- Shafa tanki a waje.
Yadda za a rabu da ganye a cikin akwatin kifaye
Amfani da shirye-shiryen tsarkakewa matattara ce. Da farko dai, canza yanayin rayuwa na mazaunan akwatin kifaye:
- Rage awoyi na hasken rana zuwa awowi 10 a rana.
- Guji hasken rana kai tsaye a cikin ruwa. Sanya akwati aƙalla aƙalla mita 1.5 daga taga.
- Para pH. Alkaline ruwa yana cutar da ciyawa. Yi hankali lokacin da ake sauya sigogin ruwa; ya kamata su kasance masu dacewa da mazaunan akwatin kifaye.
- Sauya 15-20% na ruwa a kai a kai, tsaftace bangon da ƙasa na akwatin kifaye.
- Shuka tsire-tsire da yawa a cikin akwati. Mafi girma flora ya hana ciyawa samuwar.
- Kula da takin kasar gona.
- Filarfafa filtration da aeration.
- Sauya kwararan fitila idan ya cancanta. Wasu fitilu, suna birgima, suna sauya jigon haske. Haske mara kyau da aka zaɓa yana lalata mafi girman tsire-tsire, yana ba da gudummawa ga yaduwar ciyayi.
- Hanyar da ba ta dace da dukkanin ruwayoyin ruwa ba: barin jirgin ruwa tsawon makonni uku, a lokacin da zagayen yaduwar haɓakar kore, lokacin da sel suka mutu kuma ruwa ya bayyana. Ka tuna cewa a lokacin hawan algae kore, tsire-tsire suna mutuwa.
- Saita kamun kifi da katantanwa a cikin tafkin.
Mazaunan mazauna taimakawa don magance faranti:
Mafi matsaloli na yau da kullun game da ajiye akwatin kifaye
Duk mai ƙaunar duniyar cikin ruwa a cikin ɗakin ba da jimawa ba ko kuma daga baya ya iya fuskantar matsalolin tsabtace akwatin akwatin.
Matsalolin da suka fi yawa.
- Haramcin ruwa. Ruwa ya rasa bayyanarsa kuma ya zama mai farin ciki. Yawancin lokaci wannan yana faruwa a cikin sabon akwatin kifaye wanda yanzu aka cika tare da kifi. Wannan sabon abu na ɗan lokaci ne. Haɓaka adadin ƙwayoyin cuta yana sa ruwan opaque. Wannan yana gudana kwana biyu zuwa uku. Tare da ciyar da kifin yadda ya kamata da kuma yanayin zazzabi mai kyau, mataki na gaba a tsarin halittar duniyar ruwa shine daidaitawar halittu tsakanin kwayoyin halittun da ke kan tsari sosai. Ruwan infusoric tururuwa ya ɓace.
- Rotting a cikin ƙasa. Bayan wani lokaci, ana iya kusantar da ƙasa da fim mai duhu kuma lokaci-lokaci saki kumfa. Rushewar tarkatun gargajiya na faruwa, wanda ya faɗi ƙasa tun farko ko kuma tare da ciyar da kifi. Don hana wannan, yana da kyau a sha ƙasa da dabbobin gida fiye da abin da aka cinye. Additionalarin hanyar magance kwayoyin halitta a cikin ƙasa shine katantanwa.
- Canja launi na ruwa zuwa kore ko launin ruwan kasa. Wannan shi ne saboda ci gaban algae a cikin ruwa: kore, shuɗi-shuɗi ko launin ruwan kasa.
- Samuwar plaque a bangon. Plaque kuma na iya zama kore ko launin ruwan kasa.
Wadannan matsaloli guda biyu suna hade, galibi suna da dalilai na yau da kullun, hanyoyin kawar da su iri daya ne. Balaguro a jikin bango shine babbar matsala a rayuwar akwatin kifaye.
Kwalalen kore a jikin bango: yadda za a rabu da mu?
Warin farar fata yana faruwa ne ta dalilin cigaban launin ruwan kasa. Dalilin samuwar sa shine karancin haske a cikin akwatin kifin. Kamar yadda yake a cikin kowace jikin mai rai na ruwa, a cikin duniyarmu ta rufe ruwa akwai nau'ikan kwayoyin, kwayoyin cuta da nau'ikan halittar ruwa.
Rashin daidaituwa yana haifar da haɓakar ƙwayar halitta. An kawar da sinadarin launin ruwan kasa ta hanyar haɗa wutar lantarki zuwa ga al'ada. Wanke bangon, maye gurbin ruwa kaɗan ka ƙara haske - kuma an gama.
Matsalar launin ruwan kasa mai sanyi an warware ta. Mafi yawancin lokuta wannan yana faruwa ne saboda sauyawa tare da algae kore, a matsayin mafi tsari sosai.
Mafi shahararren makarantar nazarin halittu shine euglena kore. Ita wannan algaita shine babban dalilin kore ruwa. Plaque an kafa shi da launin algae na sauran nau'ikan - filamenton filagonium da xenococcus.
Waɗannan sune ƙananan algae na al'ada waɗanda ke girma akan bangon akwatin kifaye da duwatsu a ƙasa. Zai fi wahala a magance su, saboda haka za mu yi la’akari da dukkan hanyoyi.
- Babban dalilin saurin haɓakar kore algae shine yawan wuce haske. Guji hasken rana kai tsaye a kan akwatin kifaye. Nisan zuwa taga yakamata ya zama akalla mita 1.5. Zaɓi fitilun fitilu na wucin gadi a cikin nauyin 0 W / l na tsawon lokaci bai wuce 8 hours a rana ba. A mafi girma PH a cikin akwatin kifaye, algae kore kuma girma ƙasa da karko.
- Tsabtatawa bango na yau da kullun da ruwa mai juyawa. Kula da duniyar ruwanka kuma zaka guji matsaloli da yawa. Ya kamata a tsabtace bangon tare da soso mai taushi, yankan tare da ruwa shine ƙima mai ƙima. Scratches akan gilashin yasa ya yiwu barbashi na algae su ci gaba da ƙaruwa. Canjin ruwa kada ya wuce ¼ na jimlar girma.
- Hanyar tsarkake halittu. Wannan ita ce hanya mafi so. Yawancin nau'ikan kifin kifayen suna ciyar da algae. Kusan duk viviparous - guppies, takobi, Pecilia da molly. Karasiki, kifin gwal, veiltail, telescopes suma suna yawaita abincin su da ganye. Masana sun ce mafi kyawun tsire-tsire na cikin ruwa mafi ƙwaya, ƙasa da ƙaramar algae yana ƙaruwa. Babban taimako a tsaftace bangon da ruwa zai zama katantanwa iri-iri. Suna cin abincin da ya rage, wasu suna tace ruwan ta wurin kansu, ta haka ne suke cin algae. Ampouleurs suna son cin ɗanɗano daga gilashin. Amma, kamar yadda a cikin komai, dole ne mutum ya lura da ma'auni. Daphnia da Cyclops na iya share ɗaukacin sauri, amma su kansu abincin kifi ne mai daɗi.
- Salting ruwa. A cikin wannan labarin, mun bincika hanyoyin ruwa na ruwa. A cikin ganuwar teku ba ta cika da algae kore, akwai matsaloli. Idan acidification na ruwa ba zai yiwu ba saboda kiyayewar wasu nau'ikan kifayen, zaku iya ƙoƙarin yin ruwan gishiri, ba fiye da 1 g / l ba. Gishiri zai jinkirta ci gaban algae na ruwa.
- Hanyar Chemical. Kwayoyin rigakafi suna da amfani wajen sarrafa ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙananan algae idan matsalar ta yi nisa sosai kuma sauran hanyoyin ba su taimaka ba. Kuna iya kula da akwatin kifayen tare da Riboflavin, Tripaflavin, Rivanol (0.1 g da 100 l). Amma lokacin amfani da waɗannan abubuwan, katantanwa da wasu tsire-tsire masu akwatin gidan ruwa tare da ganyayyaki kore masu laushi suna wahala. Kabomba da hornwort za suyi ganye nan da nan bayan amfani da waɗannan magunguna. Streptomycin da penicillin ba su da ƙarfi sosai. Tsirrai da kifi ba zai shafa ba. Thearfin amfani da Streptomycin shine 0.3 mg / l na tsawon awanni 48, to ya kamata a musanya ruwan. Amintaccen sinadaran da ke cikin keɓaɓɓen ƙwayar ruwa shine 3% hydrogen peroxide. Taro daga 2 zuwa 6 MG / l tare da haɓaka haɓaka. Ba a bukatar canjin ruwa.
Yanayin zafi
Temperaturesaukaka yanayin zafi yana da tasiri mai amfani kan ci gaba da ciyawa. Tabbatar cewa fitilar ba ta dumama ruwan sosai, kuma a lokacin dumi, yi hankali musamman da tsarin zazzabi.
A cikin ruwa mai sanyi, ana rarraba oxygen sosai, halayen sunadarai suna ci gaba da sauri, yana ƙarfafa sakin nitrates a cikin ruwa. Wadannan abubuwan abinci masu gina jiki ne ga ciyawar kore.
Daidaita ilimin halitta shine mabuɗin don tsabtace akwatin kifin ka
Hanya mafi sauki don cimma ruwa mai tsabta shine shirya shi tun daga farko.
A cikin akwatin kifayen da yakamata, an kafa ma'aunin halittu, kuma ruwan da ke ciki ba zai iya canza shi ba har tsawon shekaru.
Bayan 'yan shawarwari kan yadda za'a fara tare da akwatin kifin ka.
- Da girma girma, mafi sauki shi ne kafa biocenosis a ciki. Yawancin ruwa na lita 10 ko fiye da haka ana ɗaukar su na ɗan lokaci - don adana kifin yayin aikin tsabtacewa ko lokacin hutawa. Kyakkyawan akwatin kifaye shine akwatin kifaye tare da ƙaramin akalla lita 100. Sai kawai a cikin irin wannan jikin ruwa zai iya rayuwa ta tsara kanta.
- Yawan yawan akwatin kifaye tare da kifi ya kamata ya zama daidai da adadin kifi 1 na matsakaici a kowace lita 5 na ruwa, zai fi dacewa ruwa kadan. Hakanan ya kamata a yi la'akari da dasa shuki Tsire-tsire suna kwashe samfuran ɓarnataccen kifi da katantanwa daga ruwa, suna daidaita ruwan tare da oxygen ta hanyar sarrafa carbon dioxide yayin photosynthesis. Amma a cikin duhu, tsire-tsire da kansu suna cinye oxygen, kuma tsarin daukar hoto a wannan lokacin ya tsaya. Saboda haka, tsire-tsire mai wuce gona da iri na iya wasa da wargi mai ban tsoro tare da masaniyar ruwa ta ruwa, kodayake wannan ba wuya. Yawan katantanwa na iya jujjuya wajan tsabtace masu tsabtacewa zuwa cikin yawan gurbatattun abubuwa; lallai ya zama dole don fitar da alkalumman su a daidai lokacin.
- A bu mai kyau ku sayi kifi, tsirrai da katantanwa a cikin shaguna na musamman ko daga shahararrun shayarwa. Hadarin kamuwa da cuta daga tafki na halitta ya yi yawa. Wannan kuma ya shafi kamuwa da cuta na akwatin kifayen tare da euglena a lokacin bazara, lokacin da ya yawaita sosai a cikin tafkuna da tabkuna.
- Ciyar da kifi ya zama da matsakaici. Ya kamata a ci abinci mai bushe a cikin minti 10-15. Fifiko, ba shakka, ga abinci mai rai. Ga mafi yawan kifin kifayen ba shi da wahalar yin azumin kwanaki 3-4. Idan za ku nisanci gida, kada ku zuba abinci don nan gaba.
- Haske Ya kamata ka shigar da akwatin kifaye don kada ya faɗi a cikin hasken rana kai tsaye, amma hasken ya isa. Nisa daga 1.5 m daga taga zai zama kyakkyawan. Haske na hasken rana shine mafi kyawun tsari da safe, kuma tsawon lokacin haske shine awa 8 a rana ya isa. Rashin hasken rana zai iya biyan diyyar ta hanyar wutan lantarki.
Cikakken ma'aunin nazarin halittu a cikin akwatin kifaye yana halin bayyanar da ruwa da kuma kayan tsirrai na halitta. Launin ruwan daidai, idan ka ɗaga gilashin daga akwatin kifaye, rawaya ce. Wannan shi ake kira ruwa yanayin Kifi.
Ruwa ya zama mai rai, an kafa biocenosis. Bayan kusan mako guda na yin aiki a duniyar duniyar cikin gida, wannan ya kamata ya faru. Idan ba haka ba, kuna buƙatar bincika kurakuran, amma kada ku firgita. Yanayi mai hikima ne, kawai kar a tsoma baki tare da shi.
Idan koren zai bayyana koyaushe
Dalilan bayyanar kore plaque sune kuma:
- Yaduwa da weeds a cikin gilashin microcracks. Tsaftace tanki a hankali, watakila algae barbashi ya kasance cikin ɓarna mai ganuwa ga gilashin.
- Ciyar da takin zamani. Bayani na greenery yana bayyana idan akwai abubuwan gina jiki da yawa fiye da yadda ake girka fure.
- Rashin taki. Tare da rashin isasshen abinci mai gina jiki, tsire-tsire suna girma da talauci kuma suna kama da kyau.
Fundsarin kudaden sune:
- Zeolite shine resin wanda ke sauƙaƙe ruwa mai guba masu guba waɗanda ke haifar da ƙasa.
- Magunguna daban-daban waɗanda ke haɓaka yawan ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani da kwayoyin halitta (Tetra SafeStart, NitrateMinus Pearls).
- Magunguna na musamman don magance kore bango da hana bayyanar greenery. Da sunan irin waɗannan magungunan, ana samun kalmar Algo, wanda ke nufin ruwan teku (Tetra AlgoStop depot, Algetten, Sera Algopur).
- Bakin jan karfe. Ba a gabatar da shi cikin akwatin kifaye ba saboda yawan guba. A cikin maganin maganin tagulla 0.2 MG a kowace lita na ruwa, ana kiyaye tsire-tsire sama da awanni biyu. An kuma yi nufin amfani da kayan aikin don magance cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Chlorine da Bleach. Maganin yana da sauƙin shirya a gida: an lalata samfurin da ruwa a cikin rabo na 1:20, lokacin fallasa shine minti 3-5.
Nasihu
Don kula da ma'auni na kandami da tsabtatawa mai kyau, bi shawarwarin:
- Kada ku yi amfani da tsintsinar dafaffen abinci ko kayan kwalliya waɗanda suka yi ma'amala da tsintsaye don tsabtace akwatin akwatin. Sharan gona suna da haɗari ga kifi.
- Idan ba zai yiwu a kunna kunnawa da kashe akwatin kifaye a wani lokaci ba, to, lokacin dawo da lokaci zai isa ga cetonka, wanda ke sarrafa dare da rana a cikin akwatin kifaye.
- Zai fi kyau kada a yi amfani da baƙin ƙarfe da ƙwanƙolin baƙin ƙarfe, kamar yadda suke barin ƙira a jikin bangon akwatin akwatin. Madadin scraper, yi amfani da katin filastik da spatulas na katako.
- Idan baza ku iya kawar da plaque akan dutse da kayan adon ba, ku riƙe su cikin ruwan wuta na tsawon mintuna 15, sannan a zuba a ruwan da aka tafasa.
- Ka guji gurɓatar da ƙasa saboda ƙoshin kifaye. An ci abincin da aka zuba a cikin mintuna 5.
A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, ruwa yana cike da ruwan algae. Mummunan mazaunan ruwa masu ruwa suna cin ƙananan tsire-tsire Ga kifi na herbivorous, ganye ne tushen abincin, ga wasu shi ƙarin buƙata ne. Cananan crustaceans suna zama mazauni.
Menene wannan
Kore kore wani yanki ne na algae. Wadanda aka fi amfani dasu sune protococcus (Chlorococcum), ƙuraren ƙura (Green ƙurar algae), da kuma xenococcus (Choleochaete orbicularis). Quearfin kwano na baya kawai akan ciki na gilashin, na ƙarshen akan gilashin da saman ruwa, na uku akan gilashi da ganyayyakin tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye.
Algae wani ɓangare ne na microflora na halitta na yanayin ruwa kuma koyaushe suna cikin sa.. Matsaloli suna bayyana lokacin da aka keta yanayin al'ada - algae fara haɓaka sosai. Fiye daidai, suna samar da jijiyoyi. Tsarin tsire-tsire marasa ƙwayar cuta yawanci suna haifuwa ta hanyar rarrabuwa, kuma wannan yana faruwa a hankali. Idan ma'auni na halitta ya rikice, to kwayar sel ɗaya ta haɗu har zuwa maƙaƙa 32, kuma sabon gabobin ya fito daga kowane. Sake bugun cikin wannan yanayin yana da sauri.
Rage haɓakar girman tsirrai
Yawancin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ba sa cinye wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki. Wani lokaci wannan yakan faru ne saboda basu da wani muhimmin abu, wanda basuda mahimmanci sosai ga algae.
Wani dalili shine saukarwar zafin jiki na ruwa a kasa da 22 C. A karkashin irin wannan yanayin, tsire-tsire mafi girma "suna barci", dakatar da haɓaka, cin abinci kaɗan.
Contentara abun cikin gishiri a ruwa
Akwai dalilai guda biyu don wannan:
- Ba a maye gurbin ruwan da ke cikin akwatin kifaye na dogon lokaci ba. A hankali, ya bushe, yayin da haɗakar gishiri a cikin sauran ruwa ke ƙaruwa. Idan kawai ka kara ruwa daga famfo, to a waɗancan sallolin da suka rigaya sun cika yawa, za a ƙara ma'adinan da ke cikin famfon ɗin.
- An kula da kifin da gishiri, wanda a zahiri ya kasance cikin ruwa.
Mun rabu da amfani da hanyar ilimin halittu
Dawo da ma'aunin halittu masu rai a cikin rufaffiyar yanayin halittar akwatin ruwa ta amfani da hanyoyin na dabi'a.
Don rarar ruwa mara ƙanƙan ruwa wanda ba a samar da su tare da carbon dioxide, ana buƙatar hanya mai sauƙi, buƙatar kawai haƙuri daga mai shi. Yana da tasiri, da farko, a cikin yaƙi da furotin da "ƙurar ƙura". Yadda ake wanka?
- barin akwatin kifaye na tsawon makonni 3-4 ba tare da takin zamani ba (ya kamata ya kamata ya zama fari)
- tsabtace gilashin tare da scraper,
- maye gurbin ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye da 30%.
Idan aka samar da carbon dioxide a cikin akwatin kifin, to lallai ne yakamata a yi takin zamani, in ba haka ba tsirrai zasu mutu. Kuna iya rage girman takin-takin zamani da kashi 25%. Babban yanayin shine kar a gwada cire plaque har sai ya zama fariin ba haka ba, ɓarna za ta haɗu sau da yawa, kuma yaƙi da algae zai dawwama har abada.
Hanyar nazarin halittu shine mafi ladabi, amma yana ba ku damar magance matsalar sosai.
Yaya za a magance magunguna?
Idan baku shirya tsayawa ba har tsawon lokaci, zaku iya amfani da magunguna. Wasu lokuta ana amfani da foda floptomycin foda. Don yin wannan, ana gurɓata shi da ruwan da aka dafa shi da allura ta cikin ƙimar 3 MG na foda a kowace lita 1 na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, hargitsi zai shuɗe, kuma mazaunan ruwa ba za su wahala ba.
Yadda ake wanka? Shagunan masana'antu na musamman suna sayar da magunguna waɗanda ke da niyyar lalata kayan ruwan akwatin. Daga cikin su akwai layin samfurin kamfanin kamfanin Tetra. An yi amfani da su duka biyu don magance nau'ikan nau'ikan algae, da kuma hana haifuwarsu. Ana samun waɗannan magungunan a allunan kuma a cikin nau'in ruwa.
Ya kamata a yi amfani dasu kusan kowane mako 4 daidai da umarnin kowane kayan aiki na musamman. Wanda ya kirkiro layin ya tunatar da cewa yayin amfani da waɗannan samfuran, dole ne a kashe matatun UV kuma dole ne a guji tace carbon ɗin. Hakanan kuna buƙatar samar da oxygen zuwa akwatin kifaye kuma cire algae da ya mutu.
Yadda ake tsabtace da injina?
Tsabtace na inji wani ɓangare ne na hanyar nazarin halittu, amma ana iya aiwatar dashi da kansa.
Wasu masu ruwaye na ruwa suna amfani da soso na yau da kullun ko murhun karfe. Amma tuna cewa don tsabtace akwatin kifaye ba zaku iya ɗaukar abubuwan da an riga an yi amfani dasu don wasu dalilai ba. Kwayoyin kwayoyi da kuma sharanan wanka na yau da kullun zasu kasance a cikin su.
Zai fi kyau siyan scraper na musamman don aquariums. Don kare fata, zaku iya sa safofin hannu na roba, amma waɗanda ba a taɓa yin amfani da su ba lokacin aiki tare da magunguna.
- Ana cire algae daga gilashin lokacin da akwatin kifaye ya cika, tare da ɗan matsa lamba akan gilashin. Idan ƙwaƙwalwar ba ta tashi da kyau ba, kuna buƙatar kange shi da ruwan zubi.
- Sannan kuna buƙatar cire ruwa mai gurbatawa tare da famfo. Endaya daga ƙarshen tiyo an tsoma shi cikin akwatin kifaye, ɗayan a cikin akwati mara komai, alal misali, a cikin guga kuma an fitar da ruwa.
- Bayan haka, sun ci gaba da tsabtace tsakuwa. Ya tara ragowar abinci da ɓarnar kifaye, yana zama wurin kiwo don algae. Don yin wannan, cire duk kayan ado daga akwatin kifaye kuma a bi da tsakuwa tare da famfo. Idan ana amfani da yashi a cikin akwatin kifin, to dole ne a ajiye kewayen famfo a nesa na 2.5 cm saboda yashi ba ya tsotse. Bayan haka, kuna buƙatar sassauta tsakuwa ko yashi tare da spatula ko hannu.
- Tsaftace kayan ado. Ana iya maganin ta da scraper kuma a shayar da ruwa, kuma idan aka yi rauni sosai, za'a iya ajiye shi a cikin maganin bleach na mintina 15, a cukuda shi da ruwan zãfi a bushe.
- Cika tanki da ruwa mai tacewa.
Yin rigakafin
Da ke ƙasa akwai ƙa'idodi, lura da wane, zaku iya guje wa haɓakar algae mai yawa a cikin akwatin kifayen ku.
- Kadarorin hasken rana kada su wuce awanni 11, da kyau - 8 awanni. Zaka iya saita mai saita lokacin domin hasken murhu ya yi aiki, misali, tsawon awanni 4 da safe da kuma awanni 4-5 na yamma.
- Kula da yawan zafin jiki na ruwa tsakanin 22-27 C (da kyau - 24-26 C).
- Kula da abun da ke cikin foshate wanda bai wuce 0.8 g / l ba, nitrates - 25-40 mg / l.
- Zaɓi tsire-tsire masu saurin girma.
- Canza ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye a cikin lokaci mai dacewa.
Farar fata a cikin kandami
Brown plaque a cikin akwatin kifaye ya bayyana a sakamakon ci gaban diatoms. Wannan suturar launin ruwan kasa akan tsire-tsire, kayan ado, ƙasa, gilashi. Da farko, murfin kusan ba zai iya yiwuwa ba, amma a hankali ya zama inuwa mai duhu. A farkon haɓaka, za a iya cire algae mai sauƙi daga kayan ado ko gilashi. Don cire su daga tsire-tsire, ya isa kawai a kawar da su: suna da wadatar ruwa kuma suna tashi da ƙananan rawar jiki. Idan tafki yana cikin yanayin sakaci, baƙar fata mai rufi, sannu-sannu yana ƙara yadudduka.
Babban Layer yana da sauƙin cirewa, amma kasan ba shi da sauƙi a shafe.
Ya yi kama a ganyen tsire-tsire, abubuwan adon kyau, akan duwatsu, ƙasa ko baƙar fata an zuba. Gilashin gaba yana haɓaka saboda ganin gani ta zama mara kyau. Abubuwan da ke cikin kasan na iya samun lafin launin rawaya, wanda shima yana nuna bayyanar launin ruwan kasa.
Kasancewar baƙin plaque a cikin tafki ba ya cutar da mazaunan, amma tare da tsire-tsire ba mai sauki bane. Farar fata a kan tsire-tsire na cutar da tsarin daukar hoto, wanda yake da mahimmanci. Idan ba a dauki matakan da suka dace ba, to tsire-tsire za su mutu. Diatoms suna yaduwa da babban sauri: karamin ganye na shuka wanda ya fito nan da nan an rufe shi da abin rufe launin ruwan kasa, don haka ku kawar da matsalar da sauri.
Yadda za a cire plaque kore: ƙananan ƙamus
Don yin sauri da kuma tsabtace akwatin kifaye, dole ne a bi jerin aikin. Tsarin ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa. Ya zama dole:
- Cire plaque kore daga bangon. Mataki na farko shine tsaftace saman gilashin tare da scraper na musamman ba tare da jan ruwa ba. Don wuraren da ke da tsafta, yi amfani da ruwa.
- Fitar da tsohon ruwa ta amfani da famfo. Don yin wannan, tsoma ɗaya daga cikin tiyo a cikin ruwa da ƙananan ɗayan a cikin guga. Yana da kyau a sayi sabon guga wanda za'a yi amfani dashi kawai don wanke tanki.
- Don share duwatsun a ƙasan ɗakin shakatawa da abinci mai saura. Kuna iya cire su ta amfani da famfo na siphon, bayan cire kayan ado da kayan ado. Yi tafiya da famfo akan kankara. A cikin taron cewa kuna da yashi kawai, kawai kuna buƙatar amfani da tiyo famfon, kiyaye shi a nesa na 2.5 cm daga ƙasa. Wannan zai hana yashi shiga ciki. Tare da hannunka a cikin safar hannu na roba ko tare da spatula, a hankali 'kwance' tsakuwa ko yashi a ƙasa. Saboda haka, yana yiwuwa a cimma tsabtataccen tsabtace ƙasa, tun da ƙwayar tarkace a ciki zai tashi.
- Kurkura kayan ado da kayan adon. Hakanan dole ne a tsabtace waɗannan abubuwan, kamar yadda ƙwayoyin shuka ke iya kasancewa a farfajiya. Idan abubuwan basu da kyau kuma ba a wanke su da kyau ba, to ɗayan hanyoyin tsabtatawa shine amfani da Bleach. Wajibi ne barin kayayyakin a cikin bayani na mintina 15, sannan kuma su tsabtace kayan adon da ruwan zãfi.
- Zuba ruwa mai tsafta, tsaftataccen ko tataccen ruwa. Saka idanu da zazzabi tare da ma'aunin zafi da sanyio. Bayan an cika ruwan, jira awanni kaɗan domin abubuwan da ke tashi sama su zazzage zuwa ƙasan kuma ruwan yayi haske.
- Tsaftace waje na akwatin kifayeamfani da sabulu na musamman, soda ko giya mai ruwan inabi. Dampen soso ko rag tare da wakilin tsabtacewa sannan a goge duk abubuwanda ke jikin abubuwan waje, farawa da fitila kuma ƙare tare da gilashi da murfi.
Idan kun kiyaye microclimate mai kyau a cikin tafkin gidan ku kuma kifarku suna da lafiya, to zaku iya tsaftace akwatin kifaye sau ɗaya a mako, maye gurbin 10-20% na yawan ruwa. A lokacin da dabbobinku ba su da lafiya, kuna buƙatar sau da yawa a kurkura da akwatin kifaye kuma canza duk ruwa, ko 50-70%.
Canza ruwa na akwatin kifaye
Plaque akan bangon akwatin kifaye
Da fari dai, plaque akan bangon akwatin kifaye ko gilashin ba a kafa shi ba daga kyakkyawar rayuwar duniyar akwatin akwatin kifaye - a sauƙaƙe, a cikin akwatin kifayen, wani abu ba daidai ba ne. Kuma don kawar da duk wani hari, da farko, ya zama dole a maido ma'aunin yanayin akwatin kifaye. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar tsabtacewa da tsabtace kullun na akwatin kifaye, kazalika da yin amfani da shirye-shiryen da suka cancanta idan har ya sabawa ƙa'idar aiki. Ya kamata a sani cewa kulawa mai wuce gona da iri: tsaftacewa da canza ruwan akwatin kifaye na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako.
Yana da wuya a bayar da shawarwari game da wannan batun, kamar yadda duk yana dogara da: girman akwatin kifaye, nau'in kifaye, tsirrai, wurin da akwatin kifaye, da sauransu. Gabaɗaya, ya kamata ku bi shawarwarin gabaɗaya - i.e. shawarwari don tsabtace akwatin kifaye na mako-mako da tsabtace kayan aiki. Hakanan kuna buƙatar tuna cewa "tsohuwar" ruwa mai kifin ruwa ta fi koyaushe kyau fiye da sabo - kar a cika shi da tsaftacewa da canza ruwan. Ka tuna da ma'auni na tsirrai da kifaye, kar a cika maƙil da akwatin kifaye, kar a sa dakunan kwanan dalibai daga ciki. A cikin tsarin karuwancin ku koyaushe ya zama hanyar farko na mayar da martani: baƙin ƙarfe, zeolite, fara al'adun ƙwayoyin cuta.
Abu na biyu kowane nau'ikan abubuwan plaque da aka kafa, girgije bangon akwatin kifaye, ana haifar da abubuwa daban-daban. A zahiri, sabili da haka, dukkanin hare-hare za a iya rarrabasu bisa ka'idar cikin launi a kan korehare-harea cikin akwatin kifaye (kore-launin ruwan kasa), farihare-hare a cikin akwatin kifaye(whitish) ko gamsai na akwatin kifaye.
Yadda za a magance su? ... Isasshen isasshen!
Game da plaque kore a bangon akwatin kifayen, wanda kuma zai iya kasancewa akan kayan ado na akwatin kifaye (tsire-tsire na wucin gadi, dutse). Irin wannan ƙwaƙwalwar an lalacewa ta hanyar ruwan fure mai wuce kima - samuwar adadin algae da ba'a sarrafa shi ba. Irin wannan hari yana faruwa ne sakamakon rashin kulawa da akwatin kifaye kuma, a sakamakon haka, yawan organicanyen kwayoyin halitta (samfuran sifofin ammoniya).
Magani: aiwatar da tsabtatawa a cikin akwatin kifaye, maye gurbin ruwan akwatin kifaye tare da sabo mai kyau, kashe shi (kar a kunna fitilar baya, sai dai batun batun diatoms), karfafa tacewa da aquarium na akwatin ruwa, zaku iya siyan magungunan "fure" daga algae a cikin gidan sayar da dabbobi. Bari in baku wani misali, ɗayansu shine allunan Tetra don sarrafa algae.
TetraAqua AlgoStop depo - Waɗannan sune allunan mai narkewa don sarrafa ci gaban algae. Da kyau ya lalata daban-daban algae a cikin ruwa ruwa aquariums, ciki har da Gashin gemu da algae mai launin shuɗi, kuma yana hana ci gaba da haɓaka.
Hanyar amfani: Allunan suna kwance a ƙasa a cikin wuri mai kyauta. Tsawon maganin shine makonni 6, bayan haka an cire allunan daga ruwa. Allunan suna dauke da hadaddun abubuwa wanda aka kwantar da su a cikin ruwa. Kwamfutar hannu ba ta narke gaba ɗaya, amma tana riƙe da ainihin fasalin ta. Bayan makonni 6, ya daina barin abubuwa masu motsa jiki kuma dole ne a cire shi daga ruwa. Rage gurɓatar da magani a cikin ruwa yana ba ku damar amfani da abubuwa masu aiki AlgoStop depot, a cikin dogon lokaci. Lokacin amfani da shi daidai, ƙwayar ba ta cutar da kifin kifaye da tsire-tsire ba.
Sashi:Don rigakafin: 1 shafin. 50 lita ruwa. Don lalata algae filamentous: 1 kwamfutar hannu a lita 25 na ruwa.
Akwai sauran magunguna don algae, waɗanda ake haɗuwa gaba ɗaya - algaecides.
Magungunan da ke sama kuma suna jimre wa wasu nau'ikan launuka masu launin fata (diatoms), zaren (zaren zaren), black villi (gemu baƙar fata).
Abubuwan algae na Tetra sun dogara da monolinuron - mai laushi mai sauƙi, mai laushi. Hakanan zaka iya bayar da shawarar shirye-shiryen dangane da glutaraldehyde, alal misali, ƙwararraki masu ƙima da ƙima tekun bada shiri Medos VladOx.
Akwatin kifayen: ganuwar, kayan ado ko kayan aiki an lulluɓe su da farin kaya - gamsai gamsai, me zan yi?
Bayyananniyar gamcen gamsai shine matsala gama gari a sabbin hanyoyin ruwa. Yana faruwa ne saboda yawan wuce haddi na abubuwa na ruwa a cikin ruwa (PJ, matattu organics). Farar farar ƙasa ta ƙunshi wurare da yawa na ƙwayoyin cutar saprophytic, waɗanda a zahiri suke ciyar da ɗimbin ƙwayoyin cuta. Wadannan kwayoyin cuta da gamsai marasa lahani, basa cutar da kwayoyin halittar ruwa. Amma kasancewarsu ba shi da daɗi ga ido kuma yana nuna daidaitaccen tsarin nazarin halittu a cikin akwatin kifaye. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, gamsai yana haɓaka bushewar katuwar dabba (wurin mafi girman taro na kwayoyin halitta). Sau da yawa, ana lura da ɗimbin mulkin mallaka akan bangon akwatin kifaye a wurin da ake kwararar kwararar daga matattarar - ƙwayoyin cuta suna "kama Sweets" a cikin iska, wanda ke kawo musu rafin ruwa.
An cire wannan gamsai a sauƙaƙe - a zahiri. Wasu masana aquarists suna ba da shawara ƙabila ko waninsa umarniwannan zai cire gamsai. Amma koda ba tare da wannan ba, plaque zai shuɗe da zaran an daidaita daidaitaccen ƙwayar halitta. Don wannan ya faru da sauri, ana bada shawara don ƙarfafa filtration, rage adadin abinci, shine, a kowane hanya yana ba da gudummawa ga raguwa da saurin hada abubuwa na PDA. Daga shirye-shiryen akwatin kifaye, zaku iya bayarwa don nema Tetra Bactozyme da SafeStart, wanda zai haɓaka haɓakar mulkin mallaka na ƙwayoyin cuta mai amfani da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta kuma, saboda haka, rage haɗarin ƙwayoyin cuta.
Aquarium Anti-plaque Video
Haɗin Gilashin: alamu da dalilai
Bayyanuwar plaque a cikin akwatin kifaye wani abu ne da ya zama ruwan dare gama gari tsakanin masu ruwa da ruwa. Mafi sau da yawa, wannan sabon abu yana da alaƙa da rashin kulawa da tanki da cin zarafin ma'aunin ƙwayar halittar ruwa, sakamakon abin da algae ke haɓakawa a cikin tanki, ƙirƙirar fim ɗin kore mara kyau a kan gilashin akwatin kifin:
- Protococcus shine algae wanda ba a amfani dashi wanda yake yin fim mai launin kore a cikin hanyar tabo ko tsiri akan gilashin tanki. Mai sauƙin tsaftace inji.
- Xenococcus - ya bayyana kanta a cikin nau'i mai zagaye na bango, yana da wuya a tsaftace kuma ya "girma" cikin gilashin.
- Diatoms shine dalilin da yasa dutse, kayan ado, har ma da tsire-tsire suka zama kore.
Yana da mahimmanci a san cewa furotin yana kasancewa a cikin kowane tafki, kuma sashe ne mai mahimmanci na ilimin kimiyar halittu. Koyaya, ayyukan algae yana faruwa ne saboda dalilai masu zuwa:
- Asedara yawan ƙwayar phosphorus a cikin yanayin yanayin ruwa, ya wuce 0.8 g / l.
- Kula da tsarin zafin jiki mai tsayi sama da 27C.
- Saltara yawan gishiri a cikin tanki.
Dalilai na samuwar plaque
Encedwararrun masanan cikin ruwa, dangane da lura da nazarin tambaya kan yadda ake samun ragin kore a cikin akwatin kifaye, sun sami waɗannan dalilai:
- Ba daidai ba wurin tanki - idan an fallasa hasken rana kai tsaye a cikin tanki kifi, wannan yana haifar da matsaloli da yawa, gami da haɓakar murfin kore a jikin bangon akwatin ruwa.
- Temperaturearfin zafin jiki na ruwa - lokacin da zafin jiki na ma'aunin zafi da sanyio ya wuce 27C, an kirkiro yanayi mai kyau a cikin tanki don haɓakar baƙin algae.
- Da yawa daga sharar gida - ragowar abinci da dabbobi marasa tsabta suna haifar da gurɓatar da tanki, juji da fim mai koren kore.
- Rashin tacewa a cikin tanki na ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da yasa aka rufe duwatsun, gilashi da kayan adon tare da fim ɗin kore mara kyau.
Yadda za a rabu da kore plaque a cikin akwatin kifaye
Kafin ka koyi yadda ake cire plaque kore zuwa ƙarshen, yakamata a ƙayyade dalilin ci gaban algae, da kawar dashi, in ba haka ba faɗa ba zai zama ma'ana ba. Bayan an cire mawuyacin hali, kuna buƙatar shirya kayan aikin da ke gaba don magance plaque:
- Scraper tare da ruwa - da ake buƙata don wanke gilashin.
- Wani tsohuwar guga ko kwanar da ke da ƙarfin fiye da lita 10.
- Ruwa don maye gurbin ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye.
- Nau'in famfo na Siphon.
- Soda / vinegar giya don cire datti da ƙwayoyin cuta.
- Maganin Bleach 10%.
Yadda ake wanke akwatin kifaye kuma ku rabu da faransar kore:
- Da farko, kuna buƙatar cire ganye a jikin bangon akwatin kifayen, bayan kun sake kifin kifin a cikin wani kandami na daban, da kuma amfani da scraper tare da ruwa. Ruwa daga cikin tanki ba a kwashe shi ba. Don dacewa, zai fi kyau amfani da scraper na magnetic.
- Ana fitar da ruwa mai datti daga cikin akwatin kifaye ta amfani da famfo: ɗaya bututun yana nutse cikin tanki, ɗayan a tsohuwar guga.
- Bayan an ɗebo ruwan, sai su fara tsabtace abubuwan ciki. An cire kayan adon da kayan ado daga cikin akwati kuma an ajiye su - ya kamata a magance su daga baya.Bayan wannan, fam ɗin ya ratsa duwatsun, zane da datti da algae, da kuma ƙasa. Idan aka yi amfani da yashi ko tsakuwa azaman madubi, ana kwance ƙasa da hannu kuma ana yin ta da tiyo a nesa na 2.5 cm daga ƙasa. Saboda wannan, ba za a saka jigilar kayan a cikin keɓaɓɓiyar ba.
- Abubuwan kayan kwalliyar da aka cire da abubuwan adon an tsaftace su da plaque da hannu. Idan matakin gurɓataccen abu ya kasance, to, ana amfani da Bleach - abubuwa suna nutsar da su a cikin mafita na mintina 15-20, daga nan sai a soke su da ruwan zãfi.
- Ana tsabtace tsabtataccen ruwa mai tsabta a cikin tanda da aka wanke, kuma ana auna ma'auni: zafin jiki, taurin, acidity. Idan sigogi na al'ada ne, ya kamata ku jira kamar 'yan awanni kaɗan don abubuwan da ke cikin ruwan don daidaitawa zuwa ƙasan, kuma ruwan zai zama na fili.
- Mataki na ƙarshe shine tsabtace akwatin kifaye daga waje, amfani da soda ko ruwan inabin giya azaman shayarwa. Don tsabtacewa, danshi mai koran tsabta ko soso tare da samfurin, kuma a hankali goge saman tanki da kayan aikin.
Matakan hanawa
Don hana adana kore a bangon da akwatin kifaye, ya kamata a ɗauki matakan kariya akai-akai. Don yin wannan:
- Sauya ruwa a cikin tanki a kai a kai.
- Bincika wutar hasken wuta, zazzabi ruwa da kuma hasken rana.
- An dasa ciyayi mai rai a cikin akwatin kifaye: flowersarin furanni na cikin ruwa a cikin tanki, ƙaramin damar samuwar plaque.
- Kifayen da ke cin abinci na algae sun mamaye tafkin: kifin kifi, pecilia, laboe, da Amano jatan lande.
- Ana kula da akwatin gidan ruwa a kai a kai: ƙasa siphon, tsaftace ragowar abinci da wanke gilashin.
Korewar fure a cikin tafkin wucin gadi abu ne mai ban haushi, amma ba mai mutuwa ba ne. Yana yiwuwa a kawar da wani datti na fim mai ƙura akan gilasai ta amfani da sabulu da kuma ɗaukar matakan kariya. Bayan bin umarni da shawara na kwararrun masu binciken ruwa, kowane mai farawa zai iya samun sakamako mai ban mamaki.
Hanyoyi da kayan aikin da aka yi amfani dasu don tsabtatawa
Kayan aiki na musamman zasu taimaka wajen wanke saman ciki na bangon:
- Gilashin gilashi don goge ajiya mai duhu da algae,
- siphon don tsaftace ƙasa
- iya aiki (guga, kwari),
- raga.
Scraper na Magnetic
Kasa Tsaftace Siphon
Net don kama kifi
An zaɓi scraper dangane da girman da nau'in akwatin kifaye. Zai fi kyau bayar da fifiko ga magnetic. Ya fi tsada, amma yana tara datti daga saman gilashi. Don waɗannan dalilai, zaku iya amfani da soso na yau da kullun, ba a saƙa a cikin sabulu ba.
Mai tsabtace ƙasa na musamman zai taimaka wajen wanke yashi don akwatin kifaye ba tare da fitar da shi ba.
Idan ya zama dole a canza ruwa, zai fi kyau a sami kifin tare da taimakon tarho. Hakanan ya kamata a zaɓi yin la'akari da girman mazaunan, saboda idan an kama shi, ƙashin ƙyallen kada ya lalace.
Baya ga kayan aikin da aka gyara, ana buƙatar samfuran tsaftacewa. Bai kamata ku wanke akwatin kifaye tare da shirye-shiryen da ke ɗauke da sinadarai ba. Idan barbashi ya kasance a ciki, da alama zai cutar da mazaunan. An yarda da yin burodi a soda, amma kuma yana iya zama haɗari ga kifi. Bayan tsabtace bangon ta kowane hanya, tsabtace komai da ruwa mai tsabta.
Idan ba za ku iya yin ba tare da maganin wanka na musamman ba, zai dace a yi amfani da sabulu, Comet ko Domestos.
Hanyoyi na gari
Tunda ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da magungunan ƙura don kawar da plaque daga tabarau ba, akwai hanyoyi na mutane don magance algae maras kyau:
- 20 g of citric acid a cikin foda ana narkewa a gilashin ruwa ɗaya, an cakuda shi kuma a zuba shi a cikin kwalbar fesa. Sannan ana kula da ganuwar tare da wannan cakuda, an bar don kwata na awa daya, a wanke sosai.
- Tsarma ɓangare na ammoniya a cikin sassan 10 na ruwa kuma cire Layer gamsai tare da mafita.
- 1 tbsp. l an cakuda acetic acid tare da gilashin ruwa daya kuma an shafa shi akan wani abu wanda ya fara jujjuya kore.
Duk da cewa ana la'akari da hanyoyin jama'a na da hankali sosai kuma mafi aminci, duk mazauna na buƙatar sake yin shuka kafin amfani da su.