Battwararren tanki tara-tara, wadda aka ɗaure a cikin makamai na harsashi, tana kama da wata mu'ujiza ce ta dinosaur wadda ta rayu har zuwa yau da dabbar ta zamani. Koyaya, ya samu nasarar daidaitawa da sabbin halaye wanda ya sa a wasu wuraren ya zama maƙwabta mara kyau ga mutum.

Armadillos sune kawai dabbobi masu shayarwa zamani wanda yanayi ya ba da cikakkiyar hanyar kariya ta wuce gona da iri - ƙungiyar kasusuwa. A ƙarshe, sun fi kama da kunkuru ko lobsters, kuma ga alama. kuma m. A halin yanzu, yakin tara-belted sauƙaƙe yana daidaitawa a cikin sababbin wurare wanda a cikin 'yan shekarun nan yana ci gaba da fadada kewayon sa, lokaci guda yana canza kamanninsa - likitocin dabbobi sun lura da bayyanar sababbin ƙasusuwa guda biyu na wannan dabbar. Dukkanin mutanen armadillos suna zaune a cikin Amurka, amma belts tara ne kawai za'a iya samu daga Kansas, Missouri da Texas (Amurka) a arewa zuwa Uruguay a kudu.

Kashi harsashi

Fatar jariri armadillo yayi laushi kamar na bebe, amma bayan sati daya sai yayi taurin kai, yana daukar nau'in faranti kashi. A cikin batirin tara-bel belted, waɗannan faranti suna kare gaba ɗayan jiki, suna haifar da bango na bayan baya wani nau'in halayyar 8-9 bel, ana iya rarrabe su da kafada da ƙashin ƙugu. An rufe kansa da garkuwoyi kaɗan, kuma an ba da wutsiya, kuma kawai cikin ciki ba shi da wata kariya. Don ɓoye wannan aibi, wasu nau'in, a mafi ƙarancin barazanar, suna haɗuwa cikin ƙwallan ƙarfe mai ƙarfi, kuma batirin tara-belted kawai yana kwance a ƙasa, yana riƙe da motsinsa.

Armaƙƙarfan makamai yana kare lafiya daga maƙiya, amma yana da nauyi sosai, kuma a cikin ruwa suna jan mai shi har ƙasa. Domin kada ya nutsar, yakin yana haɗiye iska, yana cika shi da ciki da hanjin. Irin wannan “raft na rayuwa” yana bawa dabbar damar ta zauna a ruwa kuma ta riƙe numfashinta a ƙarƙashin ruwa na dogon lokaci.

Da rana, duk armadillos suna bacci, kuma da dare sukan fita don ciyarwa. Abincin yawancin nau'ikan ya ƙunshi tururuwa da gandun daji, amma ƙwararrun ƙarfe tara na karewa da sauri tare da kwari, ƙananan dabbobi da dabbobi masu rarrafe, ƙwai tsuntsu da kajin, 'ya'yan itãcen marmari, tushen m, namomin kaza har ma da kayan. Wannan omnivore yana ba da gudummawa da yawa ga wadatar jinsi, tunda yaƙe-yaƙe suna samun kansu har ma da akwai fewan tururuwa da ƙuruciya.

13.11.2012

Armadillo tara na dare (lat. Dasypus novemcinctus) dangin armadillos ne (lat. Cingulata) daga umarnin Teeth (Xenarthra). Wannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna zaune a Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka, da kuma a kudu maso gabashin Arewacin Amurka.

Yankunan yaƙi suna da ƙarancin iyawa don cikakken mazauni a kusan kowane muhalli, daidaitawa a cikin savannahs, prairies, gandun daji na wurare masu zafi har ma a cikin tsaunuka a tsauni zuwa 3000 m sama da matakin teku. Kabilun Indiyawa sun daɗe suna cinye su azaman abin sha mai ban sha'awa.

A cikin jihohin Kudancin Amurka, an kama armadillos saboda yin abubuwan ban sha'awa daban-daban daga llsawunansu kuma suna shiga cikin tseren tseren, wanda yan caca suke yin babban fare. Mashahurin wannan dabbar yana da girma sosai har ya zama izinin hukuma ta jihar Texas.

Halayyar

A cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi, armadillo yana zaune a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi tare da ƙasa mara laima da taushi. Yankunan da ƙasa mai yashi na iya zama bushe, amma koyaushe tare da daskararru da yumɓu. Yankunan da ambaliyar ruwa da ambaliyar ruwa ta shafa a tsauraran ƙauyuka an hana su muhimmanci.

Suna jin mafi kyawun yanayin zafi daga 20 ° C zuwa 25 ° C. A zazzabi mara ƙanƙani, ƙwanƙwaran yaƙin, sama zuwa cikin ƙwal da rawar jiki tare da dukkan tsokoki, yana sanyaya ƙasa cikin zafi, yana numfashi tare da bakinsa a buɗe. Yankin da dabba ta mamaye shi ne kadada da yawa.

Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa an rarrabe su da baƙuwar su kuma suna ba dangin su damar yawon ƙasashensu koyaushe. Iyakar abin da banda ita ce ta gida, wacce takaddara mai karfi take kare mutum daga jinsi daya, duk da haka, wakilan akasin haka suna murna da gaske. Yawancin lokaci yakan shirya gida a cikin ɓoye mai zurfi ko rami na ƙasa.

Tsarin bakin ciki yakai cm 18 daga faɗin ƙofar zuwa falo. Hiddenofar a ɓoye take a ɓoye daga idanun ɓoye a ƙarƙashin kututturen rassan bishiyoyi ko tushen bishiyoyi da shishika.

A cikin shiri don kowane irin abubuwan banmamaki, dabba ya gina matsugunai masu yawa. A cikin yanayi mai zafi, ya bar ramin kawai da daddare, kuma a cikin lokacin sanyi yana tafiya ko da ranar bayyananne.

Yakin yana da kyakkyawar fahimtar wari kuma, yana jin ƙyamar ganima, nan da nan yayi ƙoƙari ya isa ƙasa. Abubuwan da ya fi so sune kwari da kwari iri-iri. Lokacin da abincin da ake buƙata bai isa ba, sai ya juya zuwa frogs, lizards da ƙwai tsuntsu, cizon dabbobi tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa, namomin kaza da tsaba na conifers. A gefe guda kuma, farauta shine cougars, lynxes, jaguars, ocelots da bears baki.

A mafi ƙarancin haɗari, battan wasan tara-bel belly daga duk ƙafafunsa zuwa ƙarshen rami mai ceton. Bayan ya isa ramin, sai ya zana tare da yin ceton ball, ya dogara rufe ƙofar tare da harsashi.

Idan kayi makara, dabba mai saurin-sauri ta fara yin kane-kane a tsaye. Yayinda maharbi ke la'akari da ma'anar abin da ake nufi, armadillo mai wayo, tun da ya dace lokacin da ya dace, da sauri ya koma da sauri.

Yana sauƙaƙe babban abun ciki na carbon dioxide a cikin jini, wanda ya ba shi damar motsawa cikin ƙarfi tare da rashin isashshen oxygen, alal misali, lokacin haƙa ramuka da shawo kan shingen ruwa. Kodayake yakin batsa yana iyo daidai, yana tserewa daga mahara, amma ya fi son ya tsere har zuwa ƙarshen tafki.

Kiwo

Lokacin mating yana farawa da zuwan bazara. Maza sun tafi don saduwa da uwargidan zuciyarsu, suna shiga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe tare da gasa masu yawa. Abokan adawar sun shahara sosai a tsakanin juna kuma suna cutar da ainihin abin da ya dace. Mafi ƙarfi yana ba da hanya, kuma mafi ƙarfi yana ci gaba da hanyarsa mai wahala.

Amfrayo a jikin mace ta fara zama ne a ƙarshen kaka. An raba kwai zuwa hudu ciki, kuma bayan kwana 120 haihuwar an haifi tagwaye masu jinsi guda ɗaya. Haihuwar haihuwa na faruwa a cikin rami tare da layi tare da bushe ciyawa. Kowane jariri yana yin kimanin gram 65 kuma yana samun ingantaccen cigaba.

Bayan 'yan awanni bayan haihuwa,' ya 'yan sannu za su fara tafiya ba tare da wata matsala ba.

Uwa tana ciyar da su madara har tsawon watanni hudu. Fata na yara armadillos ba shi da launi mai kyau, kuma harsashi mai ruwan hoda da farko yana da taushi. A maimakon 28 hakora madara, 32 m madaidaiciya kuma gaba ɗaya m hakora girma daga gare su.

A wata shida, yara sun kai girman dabbobin da suka girma. Awanni da yawa, tagwayen suna manne da juna, sannan kowannensu ya shiga neman shafin nasa. Nine-belted armadillos ya zama balaga ta jima'i tun yana ɗan shekara 2, amma yaci gaba da girma har zuwa shekaru 3-4.

Bayanin

Tsawon jikin mutum tsoho shine 24-57 cm, kuma wutsiyar ta kasance cm 12-48. nauyi shine kilogiram 4-6. Dogon garkuwar kashi yana kiyaye shi ta baya da bangarorin. Garkuwan ƙwanƙwasa, wanda aka tattara farar fata, sun haɗu tare a gaban da bayansa a faranti, kuma a tsakiyar ɓangaren jikin an sanya shi cikin sarƙoƙi masu jujjuya launuka na fata na roba.

Dukkanin jiki, har da kwasfa, an rufe shi da gashi mai kauri da ƙyalli. An kuma rufe gaban kunkuntar da dogon kai tare da binciken kasusuwa. Babban auricles masu duhu ne. Dogon zaren ya rufe da kyawawan sikeli.

Kafafu sunyi gajeru kuma suna da ƙarfi sosai, wanda aka daidaita don tono ƙasa. Yatsun kafa biyar a kafafu biyu, da hudu a kan goshin. Duk yatsunsu suna dauke da makamai masu kaifi sosai.

Tsammani na tsawon shekaru tara ya ɗaure tsakanin shekaru 12-15.

Tsarin dare

Neman kamun kifi a cikin duhun dare, yaƙin dogaro ya dogara da ma'anarsa mai ma'ana tare da rage ƙananan matakai tare da saukar da kai a cikin gandun daji, tsayawa a kowane mataki don tono wani abu mai daɗi. Ya lura da rayuwa, sai ya fara tono ƙasa da huɗun gabansa, alhali bai manta da rufe hancin hancinsa don kar ya rufe su da adon ƙurar abincinsa. Dabbar tana ta haƙar haƙar haƙar ƙasa da ƙafarta, tare da huta a kan wutsiya.

A kudancin yankin, rangean wasa tara-belted yaƙi suna ciyarwa akan tururuwa da tururuwa, suna fasa kusoshi tare da maƙallan haɓakawa tare da buɗa dogon harshe cikin hanyoyin iska. Da yake yana da lafiyayyen abinci, dabbar za ta ci kwari da yawa dubbai a cikin zama guda ɗaya kuma tana iya lalata babban ƙaramin ƙarfi. Antan girma gidan wasan kwaikwayon yana nuna halaye da hankali - a hankali kowane ɗayan mahimmin ƙarfi yana ƙarfafa shi, yana bawa mai mulkin damar dawo da wadatar kansa da abinci don rayuwa nan gaba.

Da gari ya waye, yakin ya daina farauta kuma ya sauka ya huta a rami. A cikin iyakokin wuraren farautarsa, dabbar za ta gina gidaje 12 na karkashin ƙasa har zuwa gado cikin rami mafi kusa da wurin da alfijir ya kama shi. Yawo cikin dare daga makirci don yin maƙarƙashiya, maigidan yana amfani da dukkanin ɗakunan dakuna, kuma idan akwai haɗari, koyaushe zai iya nutsewa cikin mafarin farko da ya zo.

Tashoshin karkashin kasa

Armadillo burrows sararin fili ne. A zurfin zurfin mita 2, maigidan da ke aiki tuƙuru ya haƙa wani mawuyacin tsarin wurare tare da jimlar kusan mil 5. Kowane rami yana da ƙarancin ƙofofi biyu da kuma ɗakuna masu rai na 1-2 waɗanda aka yi layi tare da bushe ciyawa da ganye. Tana shiga daki mai dakinta, batasan sanda ta rufe kofar tare da ciyawa ba saida tayi hutawa har bacci ya kwasheta.

Wani lokacin wakilan masu jinsi iri ɗaya na masu zama tare suna da salama cikin rami, amma yaƙe-yaƙe tara da ba sa son maƙwabta kuma suna kishin makircinsu. Mace suna matukar birgewa. Maza suna farautar yankuna masu fa'ida, a wani ɓangare sun haɗa da yankuna mata da yawa. Ana iyakokin iyakokin ƙasa ta hanyar fitar da glandar ƙamshi a jikin ɓoyayyen lamura. Bayan tuntuɓe game da warin da baƙon abu, ƙungiyar batagari ta koma baya - sai dai in ba shakka, yana da aiki yana neman abokin tarawa.

Nine-Belt Armadillo Habitat

Gaskiya ne mazaunin gandun daji da dazuzzuka na Arewacin Argentina, Mexico da Western Andes. Raminsa koyaushe suna kan bankunan tafkunan, kusa da bishiyoyi da ciyayi. Ramin na iya zama har tsawon m 7. A ƙarshen rami akwai gida inda aka liƙe tare da ciyawa bushe da ganyayyaki. Dole dabbar ta canza rigar zuriyar dabbobi - tana zubar da tsohuwar, don haka koyaushe akwai wadatattun ganye da ke lalata a ƙofar. A cikin yanayi mai zafi, yakin ba ya barin mazaunin sa. Sai kawai da yamma ya fito ya dafe hanci, ko da a ƙarƙashin zurfin 20 cm, yana jin warin ganima - tsutsotsi da kwari.

Launin sutura na armadillo na dabba

Nan da nan bayan haihuwa, fatar wata karamar armadillo har yanzu tana da taushi. Amma mako guda baya, sai ya fara taurara kuma ya rufe jikin dabbar, kamar harsashi na farantin kasusuwa. Thewarewa daga cikin batutuwan tara-bel bel shine cewa a bayanta an haɗa jingina da belts 9, waɗanda ke da motsi a cikin garkuwar kafadu da ƙashin ƙugu. A kai da wutsiya akwai kuma waɗancan faranti, amma ba a kiyaye ciki ba wani abu, shi ne "Achilles diddige" na yaƙi. Abin takaici, wannan nau'in, ba kamar sauran mutane ba, ba ya ɓoye wannan ɓarna, yana ɗauka cikin ƙwallo mai ban tsoro. Yana matse bakin ciki a kasa, ya dafe kafadunsa, don haka ya zama mawuyacin farauta ga masu farauta.

A cikin wannan hoto, belts tara na musamman suna bayyane a bayyane, waɗanda suka ba da suna ga jinsin

Abubuwan ban mamaki na kayan armadillo

Ninewararrun tara-belted yaƙi ana ɗauka mafi yawancin nau'ikan dangin "armored". Oraƙƙarfan makamai, kodayake yana iya kare mai shi daga maƙiya, amma sun yi yawa, saboda haka suna jan armadillo zuwa ƙasan ruwa. An yi sa'a, dabbar tana haɗiye iska, wanda ke cika nauyin ciki da hanjinsa. Godiya ga wannan “kumburin iska”, dabbar tana ci gaba da gudana a hankali yana riƙe numfashinsa na dogon lokaci yayin da yake ƙarƙashin ruwa.

Me yaƙi tara-bel ya ci?

Da rana, duk armadillos yakan yi bacci, amma da dare suna neman abinci. Gasar yaƙi tara-bel suna ciyar da tururuwa, kwari, kwari. Bugu da kari, a cikin abincinsa akwai kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, da dabbobi masu rarrafe, da qwai tsuntsu da kajin, da 'ya'yan itatuwa, har da asalinsu mai muni, namomin kaza har ma da kayan marmari. Tabbas, saboda yanayin rayuwarsa, wannan nau'in yana bunƙasa a kowane yanki.