Lynx na Turai yana da alamun halaye na gidan cat, ya kai girman babban kare. Dangane da sunan, lynx yana zaune a cikin Turai.

Tsawon jikin mutum daga tsohuwar lynx ta Turai ya kai santimita 82-105, da kuma wutsiya 20-31 santimita tsawo. Girman jikin mutum ya kai kilo 8-15. A cikin hunturu, nauyin maza ya kai kilo 18-20.

Lynx na gama gari (Lynx lynx).

Ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin ƙasashe kamar su Finland, Scandinavia, Albania, Romania, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Girka, Poland, da kuma Carpathians na Yukren. Hakanan, lynxes na Turai suna zaune a Rasha.

Bayanin Lynx na Turai

Jiki ne mai yawa, gajeru. An yanke hular wutsiya. Hannun kafafu suna da ƙarfi da tsawo, kunnuwa suna da faɗi uku a siffar, an nuna ƙarshen kuma an yi musu ado da tassels. Shugaban yana da zagaye a jiki, ƙarami, tare da wusoshi a tarnaƙi. A mucks ne takaice. Siffar idanu na da fadi, ɗalibai na tsaye.

Jawo daga lynx na Turai mai kauri ne da taushi. Dogo mafi tsayi a ciki. Launin gashi mai launin toka-ja, tare da m ko launin shuɗi. Shedding yana faruwa sau biyu a shekara: a kaka da damuna. A lokacin rani, Jawo ya fi guntu da inuwa, launinta ya fi kyau fiye da lokacin hunturu. A cikin hunturu, Jawo ya yi kauri sosai.

Kafafu na lynx suna da yawa, suna da kyau a cikin hunturu, wanda ke ba shi damar tafiya cikin dusar ƙanƙara ba tare da faɗuwa ba.

Turai Lynx salon

Abubuwan lynxes na Turai suna rayuwa a wurare daban-daban, sun gwammace daɗaɗan gandun daji, musamman kurma da matsanancin fari. A waje da lokacin kiwo, lynxes na Turai suna jagoranci rayuwar kawai.

Maza suna yin alamar iyakokin ƙasarsu tare da wuce gona da iri, kuma suna alamar alamar farauta tare da fitsari.

Lynxes na Turai kyawawan farauta ne. Da rana, suna hutawa a cikin rami, kuma suna aiki a faɗuwa. Suna hawa bishiyoyi cikakke kuma suna iyo da kyau. Ana kai hari ga waɗanda aka cutar daga ɓoye: sun zaɓi wurin da ke da kyaun gani suna jira ganima ta bayyana Lynx na iya zama babu motsi har tsawon awanni, yana hade daidai da asalin yanayin ƙasa. Hankalin maharbin yana da kaifi sosai, kuma ji yana da bakin ciki, wanda ke taimakawa lokacin farauta. Bayan gano ganima, lynx tayi haƙuri har ta haɗu.

Lynxes yayi tsalle daidai, suna iya cin nasara mita 4 cikin tsalle.

Lynxes baya gudu sosai, sun sami damar bin ganima na kimanin kilomita 80, sannan kuma suka sami ƙarfi. Ana kai hari cikin fargaba a cikin hunturu lokacin da ba zasu iya fita daga dusar ƙanƙara ba. A cikin hunturu, namiji ɗaya yana cin kilo 2.5-3 a rana, kuma idan yana jin yunwa - kilo 5-6. Kamar yawancin masu farauta, lynxes suna murƙushe manyan dabbobi fiye da yadda suke buƙata.

Muryar Turai lynx tana da kaifi, mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi. A cikin yanayin fushi, lynx yayi girma, kuma lokacin da ta yi farin ciki, ta tsarkaka kamar cat. A lokacin kiwo, lynxes yana gusawa da ƙarfi, wani lokacin kuma yakanyi ihu mai zafi.

Saurari muryar Turai Lynx

Lynxes na Turai suna da dabbobi masu kulawa sosai wanda da wuya kowa ya iya lura da su a cikin yanayi. Suna yin rayuwa mai gamsarwa, amma idan babu isasshen abinci ko lokacin tsananin sanyi sai suyi tafiya. A cikin dare ɗaya, lynx zai iya rufe kilomita 6-10. Lynx gaba ɗaya yana kewaye yankinsa a cikin kwanaki 5-10. Kodayake lynxes suna da hankali, basu da tsoron mutane kuma cikin yunƙurin iya hawa zuwa ƙauyuka, har ma a manyan biranen.

Lynx shine nau'in arewaci mafi girma na duka iyalin cat.

Tushen abincin abinci na lynx na Turai shine farin zomo, sauran abincin kuwa ya ƙunshi ɓarna, groanyan fari, squirrels, roe mice, reindeer da zin.

Babban abokin gaba na lynx na Turai shine mutum. A cikin hunturu, Wolverines da fakitoci na Wolves. Idan lynx ta hadu da dawakai, cat na cikin gida, kare na raccoon ko marten, zai cije shi ba da tausayi. Shekarun rayuwar tsohuwar lynx na Turai shine shekara 15-20.

Kiwon lynx na Turai

Lokacin kiwo a cikin lynxes na Turai yana faruwa a watan Fabrairu-Maris.Maza da yawa suna kulawa da mace, waɗanda ke yin faɗa da juna. Idan mutane da mata da miji suka sadu, sai suka yi sallama da juna ta hanyar bushewar hancinsa then sannan kuma su fara kan goshinsu.

Mace ta ƙirƙiri rami inda zai hayayyafa. Ramin an yi shi ne a ƙarƙashin tushen bishiyoyin da suka faɗi, a cikin ramuka, kogon rami da sauran wuraren da ba kowa. Za'a iya amfani da burgers mara kyau. Mace suna sanya ramin tare da gashin fuka-fuka, ciyawa da ulu. Duk iyayen sun kula da yaran.

Cutar ciki tana wuce kwanaki 63-70. Yana haihuwar yara 2 ko 3 da makafi da makafi masu nauyin 250-300.

Hangen nesa yana bayyana bayan kwana 12. A cikin wata guda, jariran sun fara karbar abinci mai kauri kamar ɓawon burodi. Lokacin ciyar da madara kusan watanni 4. Har zuwa lokacin kiwo na gaba, matasa suna kasancewa tare da manya, suna farauta tare. Balagagge a cikin maza na lynxes na Turai yana faruwa ne a watanni 33, kuma a cikin mace a farkon watanni 21.

Habitat

Lynx Turai a halin yanzu yana ƙarami, ƙari, yana jagorantar rayuwar sirri. A saboda wannan dalili, ganin ta cikin daji ba shi da sauƙi. Aikin mafarauci don neman wannan cat yana da rikitarwa ta hanyar cewa tana rayuwa a cikin irin waɗannan tallafi, inda akwai wahalar samu. Tsohon katsewar ɓarna, gandun daji na Taiga mai zurfi mai zurfi mai zurfi, a cikin abin da conifers suka mamaye - pines da spruce - waɗannan sune wuraren zama.

Amfanin da cutarwa na lynxes na Turai ga mutane

Jawo daga lynx na Turai yana da kyau sosai, saboda haka ana yaba shi sosai. A lokacin Tsararru, an dauki naman wadannan dabbobin a matsayin mai daurewa.

Lynxes suna bayyanar da kyakkyawar alaƙar juna ga juna ta hanyar lasar ulu.

Wadannan magabatan suna kaiwa mutane da dabbobi dabbobi da wuya. Tun da farko, an dauki lynxes na Turai azaman kwari, amma rawar da suke takawa a cikin abubuwan da ake amfani da su na gandun daji yana da matukar muhimmanci. Lan wasan matasa da aka kama a kamun suna da kyau kuma suna horar da su.

Bidiyo

Kodayake ana iya samo shi a cikin gandun daji matasa. Tooƙarin guje wa mutum. Tana lura da kusancin mutane da ɗarurruwan mitukan kuma tayi ƙoƙarin barin shiru, lokaci-lokaci tsayawa da sauraro. Kodayake a cikin shekaru masu fama da yunwa, lynx don neman abinci ya shiga biranen. Zan iya kai hari a kuliyoyi da karnuka Wannan maƙiyin yana da ƙarfi sosai har yana iya kashe makiyayi.

Amma halayen bayyanar lynx a cikin ƙauyuka marasa wuya. Burinta shine gandun daji mai duhu.

Yawan lynx na Turai

Lynx na Turai shine nau'in halitta mai yawa. A yau akwai rabe-rabensu guda 7 na lynx na Turai:
• L. l. Dinniki yana zaune a Iran, Turkiya da Caucasus,
• Felis lynx: L. l. Carpathicus yana zaune a Girka da Carpathians,
• L. l. Lynx sun zama ruwan dare a Gabas da Yammacin Turai,
• L. l. Ana samun Kozlovi a Siberiya ta Tsakiya,
• L. l. Isabellinus na zaune ne a Mongolia da Kashmir,
• L. l. Wrangeli sun zama ruwan dare a Gabas ta Siber,
• L. l. Babu wanda ke zaune a China da Gabas ta Tsakiya.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.

Rayuwar Lynx a cikin gandun daji

Kamar yawancin masu hasashen yanayi, yana haifar da rayuwar rayuwa da tsinkaye. Ana neman ganima yana zuwa da zaran ya fara duhu. Yawan lynx na yau da kullun suna farauta don hares. Idan za ta yiwu, sai ta auka wa ungula - deer, de de musk, deer ja, ƙuruciya matasa. Za a iya kama squirrel, Marten. Yana son naman ƙwarƙwalwar hazel, baƙar fata baƙar fata, capercaillie. A cikin hunturu, zai iya kama su a cikin ramuka.

Hakanan sananne shine gaskiyar cewa lynx yana da mummunan ƙiyayya na dawakai ... kuma yana kashe su da wuri-wuri. Koyaya, baya ci. Me yasa wannan cat yana da irin wannan rashin jituwa ga Patrikeevna kawai za'a iya ƙaddara shi.

Lynx ɗan farauta ne. Ko da mafarauta kamar damisa da kyarketai na iya yin hassada game da yanayin farautarsa.

Idan magariba ta yi kuma duhun ya faɗi, sai shiru ya tsaya cikin kurmi. Da alama duk dabbobin sun yi barci - ba a jin komai kewaye! Amma a wannan lokacin lynx tafi farauta. A nan ta ji sautin karaya - zomo yana cinyewa a cikin ƙazamar tsiron ɗan aspen.

Sanin abin da ake ci, lynx a hankali, ba tare da amo maras amfani ba, yana tafiya ta hanyar katako da ciyawa. Bayan da tayi tsaka mai nisa don kai harin (tsawan mita 10-20), tana shirin yin tsalle mai mahimmanci. Zama mara tsinkaye shima yana cin aspen. Wanda ya hango wanda ya gan mu yayi tsalle mai karfi kuma cikin tsalle-tsallake 2-3 sun riski wanda aka azabtar. Nan da nan, bunyan ya kasance cikin jerin siririn lynx. Idan babba-haƙiƙi ya ji barazanar cikin lokaci, to, nan da nan sai ya garzaya zuwa ducks. Lynx yana bin sa mita 50-100, sannan yayi bacci ya tsaya.

Baya ga farautar abinci, ita ma za ta iya jira ganima daga kwanton-bauna. Wannan maharbin yana iya jira don farautar dabbobin da ke kusa da hanyoyin zomaye, a wurin da ake waige. Ba ya tsalle daga bishiya zuwa wanda aka azabtar dashi, kodayake zai iya yin kwanciya a kan reshe kuma ya huta, bayan ya saukar da duka 4.

Guda daya ya ishe ta tsawon kwana 2. Roe deer - kusan mako guda. Babban wanda aka cutar da ba za a ci abinci nan da nan ana binne shi a cikin ƙasa (a lokacin rani) ko kuma an yayyafa shi da dusar ƙanƙara (a cikin hunturu), kuma yana kusa.

Yana jagorantar yanayin rayuwa. Kodayake a cikin neman abinci na iya tafiya fiye da kilomita 30 a kowace rana. Lynxes basu da wata hanya ta yanayi. Amma mata masu ƙwaya suna zaune tare har tsawon watanni. A wannan lokacin, uwa tana koya musu dabarun farauta. Da farko, ta kawo masu dabbobi masu rai - mice, hares, da sauransu, wanda suke wasa da su. Sannan lynxes zasu tafi farauta tare dashi. A watan Fabrairu, mace ta naɗa kittens, waɗanda a wannan karon sun girma kuma suna shirye don rayuwa mai zaman kanta a cikin taiga.

A cikin manya, an fara kara a cikin watannin hunturu na ƙarshe. A wannan lokacin, maza da yawa suna yin tagulla tare da bayan mace. Yaki ya faru tsakanin mazan, wanda ke tattare da tsawa, kukan da ake ji da kuma dubawa.

Cutar ciki tana kwana 60-70. Femaleaya mace tana kawo matsakaiciyar kitimomin ciki makale waɗanda ke buɗe idanunsu cikin sati na biyu na rayuwa. Daga watanni 4 zuwa 6 suna ciyar da madara, amma sun riga sun cika shekaru 30-40 sun sauya zuwa abincin dabbobi. Lynxes suna girma da sauri - ta hanyar faɗuwa, ba za a iya bambance su da girman su daga mahaifiyarsu ba.

A cikin Turai da kuma a cikin taiga na Siberiya, babban maƙiyan su na lynx sune karnuka ne, waɗanda suke ƙoƙarin kamawa da tursasa ta a duk lokacin da ya yiwu. An sami damar samun nasara koyaushe daga hatsari akan bishiyoyi - godiya ga kaifi mai kaifi da kuma isassun kuɗaɗen tana hawa su sosai. Ta kuma san yadda ake iyo.

Lynx yana da tsawon rayuwa na kimanin shekaru 15 a cikin gandun daji. A cikin bauta - har zuwa shekaru 25.

A ƙarni na ƙarshe a cikin ƙasashen Turai, yawan adadin lynx na gama gari ya ragu sosai. Fewan mutane ɗari ne kawai suka rage a duk faɗin nahiyar. A halin yanzu, saboda matakan da aka ɗauka na lokaci, yawan jama'a ya ƙaru sosai.
Yawan wannan dabbar na da mummunar illa game da gushewar daji, gobarar daji, rage wadataccen abinci da kuma bautar da su.

Photo lynx a cikin gandun daji

Lynx wani nau'in dabba ne na dangin cat. Lynx da gaske yayi kama da babban cat, wutsiya kawai gajere ne, kamar an sare su, kuma akwai tassels a kunnuwa. Fata na lynx mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da aibobi mai ƙaranƙari. Abubuwan duhu masu duhu suna warwatse a kan paws. Lynx yana hawa bishiyoyi daidai kuma yana gudana da sauri, tsalle-tsallersa na iya kaiwa tsawon 4 m.

Ina ne lynx yake zaune: mazaunin lynx

Lynx ta mamaye babban yanki a arewacin hemisphere na duniya. A Rasha, galibi yana zaune ne a cikin dajin taiga na yankin Turai da kuma Siberiya, kodayake a wasu wuraren yakan ratsa kwarin kogin willows har zuwa cikin tundra. Ana ganin mafi girma da kuma yawan adadin lynx a sashin kudu na taiga da kuma cikin gandun daji mai hade. A cikin wurare da yawa na kewayon a Rasha, mutane sun bambanta sosai ba kawai a girma ba har ma da launi. Haka tsarin yake a bayyane koda a wasu yankuna. A cikin lynxes biyu da aka kama a cikin wannan daji guda ɗaya, yanayin tabo na iya bambanta ƙwarai. A cikin dabba ɗaya, tabo na iya zama mai wuya kuma ba ya tabarbarewa, yayin da a cikin wata dabba zai iya zama mai kauri da saɓani, kuma kusan ko'ina cikin jiki.

Jimlar yawan lynx a cikin ƙasar an kiyasta kusan mutum dubu 30.

Mafarauta za su yi sha'awar sanin cewa a ƙasarmu, lynx ya fi girma fiye da danginsa a kan yankin Arewacin Amurka. Idan a Kanada nauyinsa bai wuce kilo 18 ba, to, lynxes da ke zaune a Rasha sun kai kilo 20 ko fiye.

Abincin Lynx. Menene lynx yake ci?

Wani tsohuwar lynx yana buƙatar kilogiram 1.5 zuwa 2.3 na nama a rana. A sassa daban daban na kewayon, lynx yana amfani da dabbobi da yawa don abinci. Don haka, a cikin yankuna na arewa, ma'abuta reindeer da farin zomaye galibi sune ke azabtar dasu. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, ungulates sun kasance mafi yawan lokuta barewa. Daga cikin tsuntsayen, wadanda suka fi yawan cinye cututtukan lynx sune keɓaɓɓen fata, ƙwararren baƙar fata da ƙuƙwalwar hazel. A cikin hunturu, ungulates suna zama ganima ga lynx sau da yawa fiye da lokacin dusar ƙanƙara, lokacin da ƙananan dabbobi suka mamaye abincin da suke ci - daga farin kurege har zuwa ɓarkewar filin. A cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya, barewar zina da barewar Manchurian sun zama ganima. Tabbas, ko'ina cikin tsakanin ungulates, da farko, haɓakar matasa yana faruwa. Duk wuraren da ake ɗaukar sararin wurare na gandun daji, daga Karelia zuwa Siberiya, babban abin da ake farauta shine farauta. Rage dabbobi, kamar gandun itacen Pine, suna kan gaba a wurare kawai. Yana kan lambarta cewa kyautata rayuwar Lynx da asali ya dogara. An kiyasta cewa tsawon lynx akwai cin naman alade kowane kwana hudu. Lynx yakan kama yawancin hares a cikin hunturu. A lokacin rani tana da zaɓi na abinci mafi inganci.

Lynx yana da furcin kyau, wanda ya kasance yana matuƙar bukatar a shekarun da suka gabata. Sukan farauta lynx a tsakiya - ƙarshen kaka: a wannan lokacin, jaɓen dabbar ya zama mai inganci. A Yammacin Turai da Tsakiyar Turai, lynx yana da wuya sosai. A cikin karni na XX a Turai akwai ƙananan mazaunin lynx - waɗannan sune duwatsun Pyrenees, Balkans da Carpathians.

Halaye da yadda ake farauto lynx

Farauta shine babban aikin lynx. A cikin rana, maharbi yakan sauka a cikin hanyar, wanda yakan shirya a cikin kurma sau da yawa, kuma yakan fita nemo ganima da yamma. Don ganima, dabbar tana gaggawar walƙiya cikin sauri da kuma daidai, don haka farauta kusan koyaushe yana ƙare da sa'a.

Akwai labarai da yawa game da flalar lynx da kuma farauta. Misali, ana imanin cewa lynx koyaushe yana cin nama sabo ne da ƙin ɗaukar nauyi. Kwararrun mafarautan sun ce maharbin da ke yawan cin nasara, bayan an yi garkuwa da shi kwanaki da yawa, ba sa cin abinci kaɗan, kamar ba a jin yunwa, kuma ba a komawa ganima. Fuka-fukai, wanda lynx yana da ƙiyayya ta musamman, sau da yawa suna samun irin wannan ƙaddara. Gabaɗaya, lynx yana farauta a duk lokacin da ya ga dabba mafi dacewa.

Lynx yawanci yana zaune shi kadai kuma baya yin sauti ba tare da buƙatar ba. Kawai a watan Fabrairu yayin hatsarin a cikin daji zaka iya jin kururuwa na lynx, kadan kamar cat, amma mafi amo da kaifi. A watan Mayu, an haifi kananan yara 2 zuwa 3 a cikin lynx. Da farko, suna da kama da kittens, amma daga shekara biyu zuwa wata mai farautar farkawa a cikinsu. Sun kama mice da weasels da iyayensu suka kawo su a hankali. Tuni a cikin Oktoba, lynxes sun fara farauta a cikin dangi. Kuma lynx mai shekara ɗaya na iya rayuwa ta rayuwa daban. Tare da dukkan taka tsantsan, lynx bashi da tsoron mutane sosai. Halayen halayen suna wanzuwa cikin dusar ƙanƙara: lynx yana tafiya, yana yadu yatsunsu sosai. Haƙiƙa ita ce ba za ku taɓa iya yin hukunci da yawan dabbobi ba: dabbobi suna kan hanya. Amma don nemo dabbobin da yawa na iya zama ne a lokacin farewa, lokacin da suka rasa fa'din aikin su.

Farauta Lynx tare da son: yadda ake farautar lynx

Don samun wannan dabba mai hankali, mai hankali, kuna buƙatar sanin sarai halayen lynx. A cikin dare, lynx yawanci baya wuce 12 - 15 km. Ta motsa ne cikin nishaɗi, kamar kasuwanci. Tsayawa yayi sau da yawa, yana saurarenta, abubuwan ci, kuma, satar abincin, sai ya fara ɓoye shi. Bayan ta sami zomo, ba ta cin komai, sai dai ta ɓoye sauran a cikin dusar ƙanƙara, amma ba koyaushe ba ta dawo ta haƙa ta ci nama. Amma, bayan yanka cinya, wani lokacin yakan kangara zuwa wannan wuri na wani lokaci mai tsayi. Da yake yana da ƙoshin lafiya, lynx yana tafiyar kilomita huɗu zuwa biyar kuma yana tsayawa na kwana ɗaya. A saboda wannan dalili, sai ta zabi yankuna mafi nisa na gandun daji ko fadama mai narkewa.Amma a cikin waɗannan yanayin, kuna da saiti na tutocin haske, kuna iya kewaye lynx kuma ku nemi shi ta hanyar hari.

Farauta mai ban sha'awa don lynx tare da siririn dabbobi. Sanin takaddun inda gidan lynx yake ajiyewa, mafarautan suna zuwa can da mayuka, yayin da dusar ƙanƙara har yanzu bata yi zurfi ba. Bayan samun sabon salo na lynxes, mafarautan dole su ci gaba da bin su, suna tabbatar wa karnukan cewa suna sha'awar waɗannan dabbobin ne. Idan ƙafafun lynx sabo ne cikakke, huskies zasuyi aiki da jin daɗin gaske. Lokacin da dabbobin ke kusa, har ma za a kwashe karnukan karnuka, idan kuma suna da karfin hali, za su yi karo da abokan gaba.

Daga farji biyu masu kuzari kowane lynx tabbas yakan fita zuwa itaciya, inda mafarauci ya samo ta. Ta hanyar harbi da hannun dama tare da ƙaramin abin fashewa ko ƙarama a gaban gawa, kuna buƙatar kashe dabbar a daidai, don kada ku hadarin karnukanku. Wani rauni mai rauni na iya gurguntaccen gurguntattun huskies, musamman matasa da marasa ƙwarewa.

Lokacin da mugu ke tafiya tare da mafarauci, yana yiwuwa mayanan da aka bisu zasu iya karɓar ƙalubalen, kuma idan kare ba mugu da ƙarfi ba, lallai ne yayi yaƙi ba don rayuwa ba sai don mutuwa. Amma, sa'a, mutuwar huskies akan farauta mai lynx suna da matukar wuya. Yawancin lokaci abin mamakin da karnuka da mugayen karnuka keyi don fitar da tsuntsaye akan bishiya. Tabbas, karnuka dole ne su kasance masu ƙarfi, ƙarfi da fushi da lynx.

Tarkon farauta Lynx

Lynx za'a iya cin nasara cikin tarko. Bayan sun lura cewa dabbobin suna zuwa wurin naman da suka samo - gawa daga gwiwar ko kuma wasu dabbobi - tarko ya kamata a kafa tarko akan hanyar da suka tsinke. Mafi kyawun tarkuna don lynxes, har ma da kyarkeci, A'a. 5, zai fi dacewa da firam. Ya kamata a sarrafa su da kyau: tsabtace daga tsatsa da tafasa a cikin tukunyar jirgi tare da allura na spruce ko abar. Saka irin waɗannan tarko a cikin jaka na jakar mayafi, jaka, tabbata cewa kuna aiki a safofin hannu masu tsabta.

Ka'idodi na asali don saita tarko don farauta lynx

1. Tare da mashin da tarkunan suka yi amfani da shi, ana zaɓin dusar ƙanƙara a ƙarƙashin sahun lynx, saboda za a saka tarko tare da tutocin da ke gefe zuwa gefen rami da aka tono. Mafi laushi da dusar ƙanƙara mai dusar ƙanƙara tare da alamar rago na dabbar da ta gabata ta kasance a kan tarkon, mafi kyau. Kafin sanya tarko, dusar ƙanƙara a cikin wirin ta buƙaci a rufe shi da felu. Don ɓoye baƙin ƙarfe, wasu mafarautan sun rufe shi da farar takarda.

2. A kusa da sahun dabbar, an yanka wani yanki mai dusar ƙanƙara tare da spatula, ana kiyaye adon bugawa. An shirya wannan yanki a hankali. Sannan, a cikin ramin da aka tono, ana cintar da dusar ƙanƙara tare da spatula, an sanya tarko, kuma an sare yanki dusar ƙanƙara tare da sawu na dabbar a saman dutsen ta yadda sahun ya kasance daidai saman tarkon. Duk burbushi na aikinsa ana ɗaukarsa a hankali. Wajibi ne a kusanci hanyar dabbar da shigar da tarko saboda wani nau'in murfin, alal misali, daga kurmi ko kututture, har dabbar ta bi hanyarta, ba ta sami hanyar mafarauci ba. Lokacin magance tarko, yana da mahimmanci a hankali ƙura dukkan wuraren da aka cire dusar ƙanƙara ko aka zaɓa daga sama. Kuna buƙatar barin warin tarko tare da hanyar kanku, komawa baya da kuma rufewa a hankali tare da spatula da ƙura hanyoyinku. Ya kamata a bincika tarkuna masu ban tsoro kowace safiya, suna wucewa kuma basu kusanci dabarun dabbar ba.

Sha'awar rayuwa

Sannu! A yau mutum daya ya tambaye ni - wane irin mutum kuke nema? Na ce wanda za mu iya samun irin wannan buri a rayuwa da kuma fahimtar juna. Mai shiga tsakani ya amsa - lafiya ...

Talakawa lynx - ba talakawa bane, akasin haka, yana da wuyar ganewa . Hatta tsoffin Helenawa sun ba ta ikon sihiri kuma sun yi imanin cewa dabbar tana gani ta abubuwa. A cikin mythology na Scandinavia, an dauki lynx a matsayin dabba mai tsarki.

A cewar almara, ta ko'ina tana tare da allahn ƙauna, kyakkyawa da haihuwa Freyja, ana jingina da karfinta.Ofaya daga cikin taurari na arewacin hemisphere, waɗanda mutane kawai ke iya gani kawai suna iya gani, suna ne bayan wannan dabba - jerin halittar Lynx.

Koyaya, ba a ba da lynxes ba kawai, suna ɗaukaka almara, ba a kashe su ba, ana cin nama. Wannan aiki mai cike da maye ya aikata zunubi a Tsakiyar Tsakiya don sani. Naman dabbar ya shahara saboda kyawawan abubuwan dandano da kuma warkarwa na kaddarorin, an yi amfani dashi azaman mai daɗi yayin bukukuwan da yawa. Kayan gashi da tsada Jawo mai tsada an yi shi da furfura mai ɗumi. Irin wannan "ƙauna" mai ban tsoro ga dabbar tana da tasiri sosai ga lambobin sa kuma a wasu ƙasashe na Turai sun haifar da cikakken warwatse.

Habitat

Maƙaddara ta kasance ga dangin cat da kuma nau'in halittar lynxes. Shi ne mafi girma daga cikin 'yan uwan ​​trot. Ba ya tsoron matsanancin sanyi, yana motsawa daidai tare da murfin dusar ƙanƙara mai zurfi, baya gaza kamar sauran dabbobi. Matsakaicin al'ada shine taiga, gandun daji-tundra, gandun daji-steppe, gandun daji mai duhu da kuma shimfidar tsauni.

Idan a baya an rarraba yanki na dabba mafi yawancin Turai, yanzu an warwatsa shi tare da ƙananan tsibiran da ke da yawan adadi. Akwai wata dabba a cikin Carpathians, tsakiyar Rasha, ciki har da Kamchatka da Sakhalin, Finland, Spain, Macedonia, da Croatia. An samo shi a Belarus, Girka, Azerbaijan, Latvia, Estonia, Albania, har ma da Arctic.

Biyan kuɗi

Rarraba na lynx na gama-gari (Lynx lynx) yana sake cika lokaci zuwa lokaci tare da sababbin ƙungiyoyi. Babu wani ra'ayi gaba ɗaya game da adadinsu a cikin jama'ar kimiyya har zuwa yau. A halin yanzu, akwai sanannun tallafin goma. Mutane daban-daban ba su da bambanci sosai da juna, sun yi kama sosai da yadda suke rayuwa, al'adunsu, abubuwan zaɓin dandano da kuma bayyanar.

1. Kungiyar Baikal (Lynx lynx Kozlovi) - wacce aka rarrabu a Siberiya, wataƙila Mongolia ce, wacce take da kurar mai kauri da launi mai kyau.
2. Carpathian subspecies (Lynx lynx Carpathica) - yana da launi mai launin shuɗi-mai launin ruwan hoda tare da nuna tabo, matsakaici mai matsakaici da girma babba.
3. Yarjejeniyar Turai (Lynx lynx lynx) - ta mamaye yanki mai yawa, wanda ya hada da Sweden, Russia, Belarus, kasashen Baltic, Ukraine, Norway, Poland da Finland. Yana fasali gajeriyar jiki, kafafu mai tsayi, ba gashi mai sheki mai launin shuɗi tare da tsarin da aka gani mai kyau.
4. Urungiyar Amur ko Far Eastern (Lynx lynx Sroganovi) - mazaunan Khabarovsk da Primorsky Territories, arewa maso gabashin China, na iya kai hari ga matasa masse.
5. Wasu ƙananan masanan da ke cikin Altai (Lynx lynx Wardi) wasu masana kimiyya suna ɗauka cewa wani ɓangare ne na ƙananan tallafin Turkestan. Wannan babban dabbar dabbar da ke da kaffara da kauri. furfura mai launin toka tare da inuwa mai tsami da inuwa mara nauyi.
6. Turkestan ko ƙananan Asiya ta Tsakiya (Lynx lynx Isabellina) - subsan ƙaramar da aka yi nazari, yana da girman matsakaici da launi mafi sauƙi na yanayin hunturu.
7. Kawancen Caucasian (Lynx lynx Dinniki) - wanda aka rarraba ko'ina cikin Caucasus, yana da ƙarancin, mara nauyi da gajeriyar magana, ƙaramin nau'ikansa.
8. Balkan mambobi (Lynx lynx Balcanica) - suna zaune a Makedoniya, Montenegro, Albania, babu mutane sama da 50 da ke cikin daji.
9. Yankin Yakut ko na Siberian na Gabas (Lynx lynx Wrangeli) - an bambanta shi da manyan masu girma dabam, masu girma, kusan furcin monophonic.
10. Subsungiyoyin masu saukar ungulu na Lynx lynx Sardiniae sun taɓa zama tsibirin Sardinia. An lalata dabbobi gaba daya a farkon karni na 20.

Bayyanar

A cikin bayyanar, dabba yayi kama da cat, kuma a cikin girman - wani babban kare.

• Kyakkyawan, ɗan gajarta jiki ya kai tsawon 80 - 120 cm (dangane da ragin) kuma ya ƙare tare da gajeren, gajere, wutsiya har zuwa 20 ko kaɗan fiye da santimita tsawo. Tsawon gangar jikin a cikin kafadu ya kai 70 cm.
• Yaro na yau da kullun yana ɗaukar nauyin 18 - 26 kg, maza zasu iya samun nauyin jiki har zuwa kilo 30, nauyin mata, a matsayin mai mulkin, bai wuce kilo 20 ba.
• Paayoyin suna da tsayi, mai ƙarfi da tsoka. A cikin hunturu, a cikin yanki na ƙafafun, an rufe su da ƙarancin goge, mai ƙarfi kamar goga (yana taimaka wa mai ƙaddara don sauƙin motsawa ta dusar ƙanƙara ta amfani da paws kamar skis kuma kada su fada cikin dusar ƙanƙarar dusar kankara).
• Shugaban a kan bango na jiki mai ƙarfi yana kama da ƙarami, yana da nau'i mai zagaye. Slightlyarƙƙarfan taya mai walƙiya a gefunan an yi wa ado da halayya mai santsi.
• Idanun suna da girma, babba, tare da ɗalibai zagaye, kamar yadda a cikin manyan kuliyoyin daji.Saboda tsarin halittar mutum na musamman, suna barin dabbar ta hango kananan abubuwa a cikin duhu.
• Kunnuwa a cikin siffar alwatika an saita su, masu matsakaici, a saman su suna ƙare da bakin ciki, dogaye, fassels baki - antennas. Zai dace da lynx ta rasa mu'ujiza - goge-goge, ana jin an dakatar da sauraronta kuma ba ta yin daidaituwa a sararin samaniya.
• Gashin gashin baki yana da wuya, tsaka-tsayi, matsakaici, wanda yake kan ƙyalli a ɓangarorin hanci biyu.
• Mayafin yayi kauri, dogaye, siliki da siliki.
• Launi ya dogara da kakar da yankin mazauna, yawanci launin toka tare da tintin ash ko launin ja. Spotting yafi bayyana a cikin ƙananan hanyoyin Carpathian da Baikal. A cikin hoto na kowa lynx na Yakut subspecies, shi ne kusan babu wanda ba zai iya zama ba, a cikin Turai kuma Altai lynx tabo yana faduwa kuma yayi haske. A cikin hunturu, Jawo ya fi tsayi fiye da lokacin bazara, yana kama da danshi musamman kuma kyakkyawa, tsawon tari a ciki zai iya kai 6 - 7 cm. Kunnuwa suna baki cikin baya tare da farin alama. Wutsiya tana da launin toka tare da ƙananan duhu alamun, baki mai ƙarfi a ƙarshen bakin.

Rayuwa da halaye

Rayuwa mai kaɗaici ita kaɗai ce ga maza, yayin da mace koyaushe dole ne ta kula da offspringa offspringan, kuma mawuyacin lokacin zaman owu yana haɗuwa da tsammanin wani maye. Girman wuraren farauta ya dogara da abinci, ƙasa da jinsi. Maza sun mamaye manyan yankuna daga 100 zuwa 200 km 2 ko fiye. Matan kan iyakance zuwa yankin 20-60 km 2.

Idan akwai isasshen abinci kuma babu wasu dalilai masu kyau don ƙaura, dabbobi suna jagoranci yanayin rayuwa, da wuya barin yankin da aka ci gaba. Wurin zama yana nunawa ta fitsari. Mata suna kishi da saka shingaye a kan yankinsu na sirri, na iya yin tambaya mai yawa game da mai laifin, maza ba sa ba da kulawa ta musamman ga masu kutse, da wuya su shiga rikici.

Dangane da mutum, ba a nuna lokacin tashin hankali ba da gangan, babu wasu tabbatattun maganganun kai harin. Ana iya samun wanda ya iya cin nasara akan mai shi. Wasu lokuta ana ba da shi a hannu, flippers da purrs da karfi a lokaci guda. Hadarin ya ji rauni da kuma dabbobi marasa lafiya - suna kare kansu, suna iya yin rauni mai rauni. Hakanan akwai yiwuwar rikice-rikice - dabbar wani lokaci za a jan wasan cikin gida da kai hari kan karnuka.

Farauta da abinci

Lynx yana farauta a kowane lokaci na rana, amma har yanzu yana da mafi ƙarancin annabta. Ya zabi walƙiya don tafiya, da sanyin safiya, ko a faɗuwar rana, yawanci yakan ci ganima a daren duhu. Neman wanda aka azabtar, fiye da kilomita ɗaya na iya gudu, yayin yunƙurin yana nasara har zuwa kilomita 20-30 a kowace rana.

Maharbin da aka gano shi mai sauri ne kuma mai farauta. Yana hawa bishiyoyi daidai, yana da kaifin ji da gani, yana aiki da briskly, yana tsalle tsayi da girma. Yana zabi hanyar farauta gwargwadon yanayin: ko dai ya bi wanda aka kashe da kuma hanzarta kai hari daga ɗan nesa, ko kuma ya tsare ta daga wani shinge. Game da gazawa, wasan ba ya bi na dogon lokaci kuma ya duƙufa neman wasu, mafi dacewa ganima. Babbar dabba tana cizo cikin makogwaron, karami yana kama daga baya.

Cuban rago na barewa ko babban bera ya ishe dabba ga wasu kwanaki. Lynx yakan ɓoye ragowar kuɗin farauta a dusar ƙanƙara ko kuma kai shi wani wurin da ba kowa. Yana yin wannan da sauri da kuma sakaci, sabili da haka sau da yawa yana asarar kayan abinci. Masu ba da agaji sun nemo wasu masu farauta da sauri kuma sun hallaka su.

Duk abincin lynx ya ƙunshi nama. Babban menu hada da hares da kananan rodents. Abincin da aka wakilta shine abincin naman daji, kayan girke-girke, 'ya'yan kwarjin daji da ciyawa. Dabba bata yin komai, tana murna da kowane irin ganima kuma tayi nadama cewa zata iya kamawa.

Yawan nau'ikan dabbobi

Yawan jama'a ya ninka fiye da 10,000 mutane. An dakatar da dabbar a Faransa da Switzerland. Mutane da yawa dozin suna zaune a yankin Balkan, a Poland akwai kusan dubu, a cikin Scandinavia - 2.5 dubu, a cikin Carpathians - 2.2 dubu. Popuarancin mutane sun rayu a cikin kasashen Asiya ta Tsakiya da Caucasus.Adadin mutanen da ke rayuwa a Siberia.

Ana ɗaukar matakai masu ƙarfi don kare dabbar, saboda abin da sannu a hankali ana dawo da ƙimar jama'a. An jera shi a cikin Littafin Layi na Duniya.

Duk da cewa fur ɗin dabbar tana da tamanin gaske, asalin halittar da yake da ita ba ta da darajar kasuwanci. Koyaya, maharmar yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ilimin halittar halittar dabbobi - yana tsara adadin yawan dabbobi masu shayarwa, tsuntsaye, kuma shine tsabtace gandun daji. Saboda haka, a wuraren da lynxes suka kasance, masan kimiyya suna ƙoƙarin sake gabatar da dabbobi cikin yanayin halitta. A cikin Jamus, an sake dawo da dabbar, bayan an gama karewa, a cikin dajin Bavaria ya faru a ƙarshen karni na 20.

Kasancewar wuraren lynxes kawai kusa da wuraren kiwon dabbobi masu ƙoshin lafiya da kuma aikin nomanda ba a son su. Ga masu su, irin wannan yankin ya zama bala'i na ainihi kuma ya juya zuwa asarar bala'i. Bayan haka, dabbar za ta lalata wasan kasuwanci, har ma da kasancewa cikin yunwar gabaɗaya, don kawai sha'awar wasanni.

Rayuwa & Abinci

Lynx fi son daskararren gandun daji mai duhu, taiga, dukda cewa ana samun ta a wurare da dama, gami da gandun daji, wani lokacin yakan shiga dajin-dajin da kuma tundra-tundra. Tana hawa bishiyoyi da duwatsu daidai, suna iyo sosai. Tana rayuwarta sosai a tsakanin dusar ƙanƙara (a ƙasan Arctic Circle), tana kama dabbobi masu ja.

Tare da wadataccen abinci, lynx yana zaune a hankali, tare da ƙarancin abinci - yana yawo. Zai iya yin tafiyar kilomita 30 a kowace rana. Tushen abincinta shine hares. Hakanan koyaushe tana farautar tsuntsayen tsintsaye, ƙananan ƙwayoyi, ƙasa da ƙasa - ƙananan ungulates, irin su barewa, ƙwarƙwarar mashin, hange da reindeer, lokaci-lokaci suna kai hari ga kuliyoyi da karnuka, ban da - dawakai, karnukan karnukan ruwa da sauran dabbobi masu matsakaici.

Lynx yayi farauta a yamma. Akasin wannan mashahurin imani, ita baya tsalle akan wanda aka azabtar dashi daga itace , amma ya fi son kallo don wasan a cikin fako ko ɓoyewa, sannan a kai hari tare da manyan, har zuwa 4 m, tsalle. An kori wanda aka azabtar da shi ba da nisan mil 60-80 ba, bayan haka an fitar da shi. Hakanan an sani cewa lynx yana kashe dawakai da martens, koda kuwa babu buƙatar abinci.

Tare da duk taka tsantsan, lynx bashi da tsoron mutane sosai. Tana zaune a cikin dazukan sakandare da suka kirkiro, haɓakar matasa, kan tsoffin yankuna da wuraren konewa, kuma cikin shekaru masu wahala suna shiga ƙauyuka har ma da manyan biranen.

A cewar masanin binciken dabbobi na Rasha Mikhail Kretschmar, babu wani tabbacin da aka tabbatar da kai na kai harin kan wani mutum. “Zuwa wani matakin, wannan ma abin mamaki ne. Wani damisa mai nauyin kilo talatin da biyar yana saurin kashe mutane. Wani tsoran namiji mai lynx zai iya sauƙaƙe tare da horarrun makiyaya sau biyu kamar kansa. Koyaya, shari'ar lokacin da lynx ya ɓoye da kashe mutum har yanzu ba a san mu ba. Masu shirya rubutun Pseudo-taiga sun shafe fiye da dozin shafuka akan shari'o'in masu lynx suna kai hari kan wata ƙungiya, ko maharbi, da mai hangen nesa, da memba na Komsomol, da dai sauransu. Wataƙila, amma ba kai hare hare ba. Haka kuma, lynx an san shi dayan dabbobi ne mai saurin siyarwa. Musamman ma, ko da manyan tsoffin lafuzzukan da tarko suka kama za a iya tarko. Wani lokaci sukan saba wa mutum har ya kai ga za su iya hada kai, kuma wannan babban cat yana kama da babban motar lantarki. ”

Koyaya, yakamata a sani cewa ba duk masana kimiyya bane suka yarda da ra'ayin da Mikhail Kretschmar ya bayyana. Misali, daya daga cikin shahararrun likitocin kasar Russia, S. I. Ognev, ya rubuta cewa: "Ba a cika samun kararrakin harin da lynx ya yiwa mutum ba, amma har yanzu ba a shakku ba." Sauran hukumomin da ke binciken dabbobi suna da irin wannan ra'ayi, ba don ambaton mafarautan da gandun daji ba, ba “ɓarna-taiga” kwata-kwata, amma haƙiƙa, ƙwararrun masana game da masu farautar gandun daji.Misali, masanin kimiyyar Altai kuma marubuci Alexander Stennikov yayi ikirarin cewa akwai kuma wanda har yanzu ake kaiwa hari ga wani mutum a yankin sa. Kuma waɗannan ba waɗannan lokuta ba ne kawai lokacin da rauni ko raunin lynx ya kawo hari. Stennikov yana da masaniya sosai da wani mutum wanda mahaifin Lynx ya kashe mahaifinsa tare da kyakkyawar niyya don amfani dashi azaman ganima. Lokacin da wani mutum yayi tafiya akan hanyar, dabbar ta yi tsalle daga bishiya a kan bayanta tana zub da jini a mashin din carotid. Wancan lynx ba rauni ko rabid - dabbobi masu ƙiyayya sun ciji ba da gangan ba kuma don manufar kisa ba, kawai suna yin biyayya ga kiran makanta cutar. Masana ilimin dabbobi na kasar Kanada Michael Stendale da Stephen Deril suma sun san ire-iren hare-haren lynx akan mutane. Amma batun batun sanya maye, duk abin da yake nan kuma ba a wani yankewa yake ba. A zahiri, akwai lokuta lokacin da tame trotters zaune a cikin gidaje da kuma gidaje a duk rayuwarsu kuma ba sa nuna ƙaramar tashin hankali ga masu su, duk da haka, masu horar da circus sun gwammace su magance damisa da zakuna, amma lambobin da lynxes ke da wuya. Masu koyar da jirgin sun ce lynx ba a iya tsinkaye shi zuwa mafi girma fiye da manyan wakilai na cat cat, yana da saurin fushi sannan ya haifar da babbar haɗari ga mutane. [salon! ]

Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa

Gudu na lynx a watan Maris, kuma a wannan lokacin, lynx, yawanci shiru, yana haifar da babbar murya, ihu da haɓaka. Cutar ciki a cikin mace yana wuce kwanaki 63-70. Maganar brood yawanci sau 2-3 ne, rami a ƙarƙashin tushen ɓarnar bishiya, rami, kogon dutse ko duwatsun dutse azaman mafaka ne. Duk iyayen sun haɗu da haɓaka kittens. Brood yana farauta tare da manya har zuwa lokacin kiwo na gaba. Mata sun kai ga balaga cikin watanni 21, maza a watanni 33. Tsammani na rayuwa, a bayyane yake, shekaru 15-20.

Matsayin Al'umma da Kariya

Yawan Lynx a ƙasashe daban-daban:

• Balkan Peninsula: Severalar daɗin dozin guda biyu a Serbia, Makedoniya, Albania da Girka.
• Jamus: An warwatsa da d. A shekarun 1990. sake zama a cikin dajin Bavaria da Harz.
• Carpathians: lynxes 2,200 daga Czech Republic zuwa Romania, mafi yawan jama'a ban da Rasha.
• Poland: Kimanin lynx 1,000 a cikin dajin Bialowieza da Dutsen Tatra.
• Rasha: 90% na yawan lynx suna zaune a Siberiya. Kodayake ana samun lynxes daga kan iyakokin yamma na Tarayyar Rasha zuwa Sakhalin.
• Scandinavia: kimanin. Lynxes 2,500 a Norway, Sweden da Finland.
• Faransa: Kimanin an gama da shi g. Yawan jama'a a cikin Vosges da Pyrenees.
• Switzerland: An share shekara guda, sake birni a birni.Daga nan ƙaura zuwa Austria da Slovenia.
• Tsakiyar Asiya: China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kyrgyzstan da Tajikistan.
• Transcaucasia: Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia.

Darajar kasuwanci na lynx yana da ƙananan (ana amfani da fur). Kamar yawancin masu farauta, yana taka muhimmiyar kiwo a cikin abubuwan da ake amfani da su na gandun daji. Kawai a cikin farauta gonaki inda barewa, sikelin, pheasants ana bred, kasancewar ba a so. Jawo lynx yana da kyau kwarai: kauri, siliki da tsayi. Tsawon gashin da ya rage a bayansa ya kai santimita 5, kuma a cikin ciki - 7 santimita, a ƙarƙashinsu ƙarancin laushi a ƙarƙashinsa. Launin fata ya bambanta da launuka masu launin toka zuwa launuka masu haske tare da matsayin daidai. Jawo Jawo koyaushe yana da matukar daraja. Tun daga shekarun 1950, farashin sa a kasuwannin duniya ya fara hauhawa a matakin da ba a taɓa gani ba. Don haka, a hawan Leningrad fur a 1958, an karɓi $ 73 don mafi kyawun fatun lynx, $ 660 a 1973, da $ 1,300 a 1977. Wannan ya faru ne saboda salon da aka daɗe (hakika a cikin kanta yana da wuya sosai) don fur mai dogon gashi, a cikin abin da lynx fur ya dauki wurin farko.

A cikin fasaha

• Lynx ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin heraldry, alama ce ta cika da jijiyar gani. Ana iya ganin hotonta a hannu ko tutocin birane kamar Dir ko Gomel. Dangane da wasu juyi, shi ne lynx, kuma ba zaki bane, ana nuna shi a kan suturar makamai na Finland. Ust-Kubinsky gundumar Vologda yankin yana da lynx akan suturar makamai.

• Sakamakon tsinkayen gani, an sanya sunan tauraron dan adam Ian Hevelius bayan lynx a 1690. Hevelius yayi sharhi game da zaɓin sunan: “Smallarancin taurari ne kawai ake samu a wannan ɓangaren sama, kuma kuna buƙatar samun idanu na lynx don rarrabe su da gane su. ».

• Ana rarraba nau'in Ubuntu Linux 10.04 rarraba "Lynx Lynx".

Duba kuma mutum

Da zarar lynx ya rayu a cikin yanki mafi girma fiye da yadda yake a halin yanzu. Farauta da gandun daji ya haifar da raguwa sosai a cikin kewayon ta. Lynx ta kasance mai fara'a maraba da farauta, saboda fur ɗin wannan dabbar tana da daraja sosai a kasuwar fur. A wasu yankuna, ana daukar naman lynx abinci ne mai ɗanɗano. A yau, ana kula da lynxes daban. A cikin Turai, lynx ya bazu sosai, sannan kusan ya ɓace. Shekaru 20 da suka gabata, wannan magabacin ya fara zama a wuraren da ya taba zama, yana kama yankuna na sauran jihohin, da kuma aiwatar da sakin a yankuna da ba su da yawa. A cikin ƙasar Rasha, wannan dabba tana da yawa sosai, kuma a wasu wuraren da lynx ta zama ruwan dare, tana iya haifar da lahani ga farauta gonaki ƙwararrun ƙwararrun kiwo, deer, ko pheasants. Gabaɗaya, kamar sauran masu farauta, lynx yana taka muhimmiyar kiwo a cikin daji.

Wannan cat ba ta tsoron unguwanni tare da mutane, inda ba a bi ta, ana iya bayyana a gefen ƙauyuka har ma da birane.

Little lynxes suna da sauki tamed, amma gudu daji tare da shekaru, saboda haka ba za ku iya kiyaye wannan babban babban gida ba.

Rarraba da wuraren zama

Lynx shine cat mafi "arewacin". Yankin rarraba yanki na gama-gari ya ƙunshi gandun daji da yankuna na Turai, Siberiya, Tsakiya kuma, kaɗan, Asiya orarami. Wannan dabba ce mai daji, wacce ta fi son farin tauri mai duhu sosai, kodayake ana samun ta a cikin gandun daji gauraya. Sakamakon lalata gandun daji a cikin kwari, iyakar kudu da kewayon overan shekarun da suka gabata ya ƙaura zuwa kilomita 200 zuwa 300 zuwa arewa.

Rayuwa & Halayyar zamantakewa

Lynx dabba ce ta ƙasa. Migi ƙaura ƙawancan ba sabon abu bane a gare ta: inda ake samun ganima, wannan dabbar tana rayuwa sosai. Matsakaicin yanki na lynx a Turai yayi daga 15 zuwa 25 dubu ha; a wasu maza ya kai 30 kuma sama da dubu ha. Rukunin yanar gizon mata sun kasance karami kuma suna hade da sassan maza. Idan kuma rashin abinci ne, lynxes sukan bar gidajensu, suka fara yawo kuma suna iya zuwa can nesa a gandun daji. Mafi sau da yawa, irin wannan ƙaura daga cikin magabatanta na faruwa ne a yayin lokutan baƙin ciki a cikin yawan farin hares, wanda ke samar da tushen abinci don lynxes.

A cikin yankin, kowane dabba yana da hanyoyi da yawa waɗanda aka fi so, wuraren shakatawa da wuraren farauta, inda ya bayyana a mafi yawan lokuta. An haɗa shi da tsarin juzu'ai na yau da kullun, waɗannan wurare, har ma da iyakokin makircin, ana alama da fitsari, kuma kututtura suna yayyafa ɓatattun bishiyoyi tare da shi.

Gidajen Lynx suna cikin wuraren da ba a rufe su ba: wurare masu nisa na gandun daji tare da fashewar iska, tsibirin da ke cike da tsaunuka tsakanin fadamai. Kogin kansa yana sauka a ƙarƙashin tushen bishiyoyin da suka faɗi, wani lokaci a cikin ƙaramin rami mai nisa, a cikin ɓarna a tsakiyan duwatsun. Don wuraren kwanciyar hankali na ɗan lokaci, maƙiyin yana zaɓar wurare tare da kyakkyawan gani: gungumen itacen da ya zube, babban dutse.

Yayin jujjuyawa, dabbar tana motsawa a cikin ƙaddarar 40-50 cm tsayi, yayin da yake gudana sauƙin shawo kan shinge. Tsawon murfin dusar ƙanƙara har zuwa 50 cm ba ya tsoma baki tare da motsi na lynx, lokacin da ƙarin dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗi, mai ƙaddara ya fara amfani da hanyoyin wasu dabbobi, tsoffin waƙoƙi, hanyoyi, da kankara a kan koguna. Ruwan ɗan adam da ke kan hanyoyin hunturu yana tafiya cikin sauri a bayan mahaifiyar, kamar dai wanda yake tafiya a kan hanyar.

Abinci da tsarin abinci

Kamar kowane kuliyoyi, lynx ƙwararre ne na musamman. Tushen abincinsa shine dabbobi masu matsakaici: ƙananan ungulates (deer, deer, goral, deer da cubs), hares and grouse (capercaillie, black grouse, hazel grouse). A lynx yakan kama kananan dabbobi da tsuntsaye.Kafin wannan cat din ya fadi, karamar mafarauci, ta fi son naman dabbobin da ta kashe da kanta.

Akasin mashahurin mashahuri, lynx baya taɓa ganima akan ganima daga bishiya, kodayake yana hawa bishiyar kyau. Wannan dabbar ta fi son ta yi birgima a hankali, tare da taka tsantsan, sannan a kai hari da manyan tsalle. Ba tare da karancin lokaci ba, yakan yi haƙuri don neman abin da zai faru a cikin wani shinge kusa da hanyar.

Lynx ya ci abinci kaɗan - ƙa'idar yau da kullun ta kusan kilogram ɗaya da rabi na nama tare da ƙasusuwa. Galibi, dabbar dabba tana kamawa tana cin zomo a kowane kwana 2 - 4, yawan cin abinci ya isa kwana ɗaya kawai. Kusa da barewar da aka kashe, lynx yana kimanin mako guda, kuma a kusa da dilan zinar - ya daɗe. Maharbi ya haƙa ragowar abin da ya ci daga dusar ƙanƙara ko ƙasa da ciyawa, amma ya yi ban dariya har da cewa “an binne” hanzari daga masu ƙyamar mazan - sable, ginshiƙai. Ga trot, kamar mai cin nasara mai cin nasara, Wolverine tana yawo kuma wani lokacin yakan fitar da ita daga wasan da aka saba samu. Lynx da kanta sukan bi dawakai, ba musu damar farauta akan rukuninsu.

Kiwo da zuriya

Wannan lokacin sanya ido a cikin lynxes ya fadi a kan Fabrairu-Maris. Da yawa maza na iya bin mace a cikin estrus, wanda yaƙe-yaƙe masu tashe tashen hankula daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Filin da yakamata ya bayyana a kitso ya bayyana a yawanci ana yin shi ne tare da gashin fuka-fukan, gashi unguwar, kuma an ƙara ciyawa mai bushe a wannan. Ciki yakan kai kwanaki 63-70. Jariri (yawanci 2-3) suna fitowa daga ƙarshen Afrilu zuwa farkon Yuni, gwargwadon yanayin yankin na yankin. Yawan nauyin kittens a lokacin haihuwa shine gram 250-300, suna makafi, ramuka na auditory suna daure da fata. Duk damuwar da ke tattare da zuriya ta fada kan mace, namiji bai shiga cikin abin da ya shafi yaran. Uwa takan sanya kittens din, ta tsare gida, ta kuma tsayar da manyan dabbobin daga gida. Watanni biyu na farko na lynx suna ciyar da madara kaɗai. A wannan zamani, sun kammala samuwar hakoran madara, kuma suka fara jujjuya abincin da mahaifiyar ta kawo, amma ciyar da madara ke ci gaba watanni. Yayin shekaru 3, kittens sun bar ramin kuma suna bin mahaifiyarsu ko'ina.

Babban sautin launin fata na matasa shine launin ruwan kasa mai haske, ana nuna maki kawai akan paws. Tsarin furcin "manya" kawai yana kama da shekaru yana da watanni tara, 'tankuna' 'da' tassels 'a kunnuwa suna haɓaka kawai a cikin shekara ɗaya da rabi. Iyalin sun ci gaba har zuwa lokacin tafiya ta gaba, kuma 'yan matan sun ci gaba da kasancewa a cikin rukuni guda kuma bayan manya, suna shirye don mating, fitar da su. Idan mace ba ta haihu da 'ya'ya ba a wannan shekara, duk cinikin da ya gabata yana zaune tare da ita har tsawon wasu watanni. Lynxes sun girma da jima'i a shekaru 1.5-2.

Tsawon rayuwa

Akwai lokuta idan lynxes ya rayu fiye da shekaru 20, a cikin yanayi, tsammanin rayuwa ba shi da ƙasa: shekaru 10-15.

Ana kiyaye Lynxes a Zoo Moscow tun lokacin da aka kirkiro shi. Wadannan kyawawan kayan adon kafaffun galibi suna jan hankalin baƙi, suna yin yawo a cikin keɓaɓɓun wurare, waɗanda ke kan Tsohon Territory a cikin Cat's Row kusa da babban Filin Giraffe. Gaskiya ne, ganin lynx ba irin wannan aiki bane mai sauƙi kamar yadda ake gani. Karnukanmu suna kan rawa, kuma yanzu haka akwai ma'aurata biyu da ke zaune a gidan zu, suna fita da yamma, da yamma. Dabbobin sun fi so su ciyar da rabin farkon rana a cikin mafaka - ma'adanai - kuma a baranda kowannensu a cikin aviary. A can, cikin nutsuwa, kan shimfidar ciyawa, suna bacci cikin kwanciyar hankali, lokaci-lokaci kawai buɗe idanunsu da laushi a cikin kadarorin. Me ya basu sha'awa? Wani zai yi tunanin cewa baƙi ba su cikin kuskure. Hatta ga masu tsaron, waɗanda suke tsabtace farfajiyar kuma suna kawo abinci kowace rana, lynx ɗinmu ya fi sanyi. Za su gano, amma ba su cikin sauri tare da bayyana jin daɗin ji. Tare da jin daɗin da yawa, kulika na kallon ararbale da hayaniya suna shiga cikin keji da begen samun riba.Baƙi da aka ba da alama suna cikin haɗarin mutuwa, saboda wannan babban cat tare da nishaɗi kuma yana da zurfin farauta. Don kada dabbobinmu su gajiya, ma'aikata lokaci zuwa lokaci suna sanya kayan wasa iri-iri a cikin aviary. Amma ga kuliyoyin gida, kawai girma mafi girma. Koyaya, matanmu suna wasa mafi kyau tare da ... kabewa na talakawa! Tare da nishaɗin tauna su cikin ƙananan crumbs. Namiji yana cikin yawancin nishaɗin da aka gabatar tare da sanyin sanyi. Wani lokaci da suka gabata, masu tsaron sun fara horo tare da lynx ɗinmu ta amfani da wata dabara ta musamman. Daga waje, yana kama da wasa - mutumin da ke tsaye kusa da aviary yana ba da gundumar sa wani abu da aka sanya a kan katako mai tsawo - manufa (daga manufa Turanci - manufa, manufa). A cikin yanayinmu, ya kasance ƙwallon roba. Ya kamata dabbar da sauƙin taɓa ƙwallon tare da wani sashin jiki, wanda ya sami ƙarfafawa. Sannan an gabatar da maƙasudin guda a cikin riga. Dole dabbar ta maimaita abin da take yi, tana shiga ciki don wannan. Manufar wadannan azuzuwan bawai horar da cat bane, amma don sauƙaƙe aikin kuliƙan sa, wanda hakan ya sauƙaƙa ma dabba damar bayyana wa dabbar irin ayyukan da ake buƙata daga gare ta.

A cikin 2017, an haifi kittens a cikin lynxes

Lynx (lat. Lynx ) Shin asalin halittar dabbobi ne na dabba mai zurfi, catsananan kuliyoyi, dangin Feline, suna yin oda Carnivores, Dabbobi masu shayarwa. Labarin ya bayyana wakilan wannan dabi'ar.

Wasu kuliyoyi biyu, sunan da ke da kalmar "lynx": caracal (lynx steppe) da kyanwa mai (marsh lynx) ba sa cikin asalin halittar lynx.

Menene ma'anar kalmar lynx?

A cikin yarukan da ke da alaƙa da Rasha, kalmomin kusa da lynx suna da ma'anar "ja", "ja". Zai yi kama da cewa etymology yana da sauki - an ba da sunan dabbar a cikin launin ja na fata. A zahiri, tushen murfin pan-Slavic yana komawa zuwa Indo-Turai leuk’ - “haske”, “ƙonawa” (zaku iya kwatanta duniyar wata, ray da Russia). Daga waɗannan tushen waɗannan kalmomin sun tashi kamar gashin-kai, mara kango (ma'anar tsohuwar, ga alama, "haske", "mai walƙiya", "mai sheki"). Don haka ya juya cewa an sanya sunan lynx saboda idanunsa sunyi haske, ya “ƙone” cikin duhu. Ja mai launi ja kawai ya ba da "p" na farko - tuni an haɗu da launi.

Lynx ya inganta ji da gani sosai, amma yanayin warin yana da rauni. Gogewa a kunnuwansu sune sauti mai ɗaukar sauti. Idan an cire lynx na wannan gashi, to zai ji mafi muni sosai.

Kusanci wurin kwanciya, lynx yayi tsalle don kada wayoyin sa kusa da matsuguni: ta wannan hanyar yana kwaikwayon rashi. Da yamma tana bacci, amma nutsuwarta tana da hankali, tunda mai farauta ya lura da duk wani motsi da ke kewaye da ita.

Kayan daji yana jagorantar salon rayuwa ɗaya, lura da hankali game da rashin masu fafatawa a cikin yankin da aka zaɓa.

Mata rike da brood. Kawai a cikin lokacin kiwo ne lynxes ya faru a cikin nau'i-nau'i.

Menene lynx yake ci?

Duk wata dabba da take da ikon mallaka tana iya zama abin da take ci:

• ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa (chipmunks, sables, dormouse, karnuka raccoon, marmots, beavers,),
• tsuntsaye (capercaillie, hazel grouse, jumla, baƙar fata, baƙar fata, bera),
• manyan dabbobi: deer, chamois, deerk, daji boars, argali, deer, lemo da reindeer,
• lokaci-lokaci wani lynx yakan kai hari ga garken awaki kuma, yana lalata mutane da yawa a lokaci guda,
• Tana kashe dawakai da martani a gasa, ba don abinci ba,
• Har ila yau, Kanada na cin kifi, marmots, martens, squirrels, gophers,
• ja lynx shima iya ci
• wasu lokuta magabatansu suna kai hari kan ƙananan dabbobi da kaji (misali,).

An ɗauke su daga shafin: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC BY 3.0 es

Idan dare ya yi, dabba tafi farauta. Lynx ko dai yana jira don farauta a cikin wani yanayi, ko kuma ya ɓoye ta (wato yana kusanto da wanda aka azabtar da shi don ya riske shi da tsalle ɗaya), amma ba a taɓa kaiwa daga bishiya ba. Ta motsa a hankali, lokaci-lokaci yana tsayawa da sauraro.

Idan za ta yiwu, tana bin hanyar da ke da kyau, tana bin tsohuwar waƙoƙin ta, musamman a lokacin hunturu. By ganima creeps sama da gefe gefe. Harin yana farawa da guda ɗaya, ƙasa da sau 3-10 tsalle.Idan har ba a sami nasarar kai harin ba, za ta maimaita jerin jerin gwanon na gajeren zango, sannan kuma a dakatar da ita. A lynx yana cin kilogiram 2-3 na nama a rana, kuma idan yana matukar jin yunwa, to har yakai 5 kilogiram.

An ɗauke su daga shafin: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC BY 3.0 es

Jinsunan Lynx, sunaye da hotuna

Tsarin nau'in lynx ya haɗa da nau'ikan 4 rayuwa. Da ke ƙasa akwai rarrabuwa.

Rod Lynx (lat. Lynx ):

• Lynx canadensis - Lynx na Kanada
• Lynx lynx - lynx na gama gari
• Lynxyafewa - Pyrenees Lynx, Lynx na Spain, Sardinian Lynx
• Lynxrufus - Red Lynx, Red Lynx

A cikin Pleistocene, wakili na biyar na halittar - jinsuna Lynx issiodorensis , wanda aka samo ragowar su a Afirka, Eurasia da Arewacin Amurka.

Bayani mai zuwa bayani ne na nau'ikan nau'in lynxes.

Wasu sunaye: Turai, Eurasian. Mafi girma kuma mafi girman lynxes. Tsawon jikinta shine 80-130 cm, tsawon wutsiya daga 10 zuwa 24.5 cm, tsayin dabbar a cikin mayukan yakai cm 60-75. Lynx na namiji yayi nauyi daga 18 zuwa 30 (a cewar wasu maharbi 36 kilogiram), mace - daga 8 zuwa 21 kg Amma wannan ba iyaka bane: nauyin namiji daya daga Siberiya ya kai 38 ko ma kilo 45.

A lokacin rani, Eurasian lynx yana da ɗan gajeren wando, mai launin shuɗi ko launin ruwan kasa, wanda, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana canza launin haske a cikin dabbobin da ke zaune a yankunan kudanci. A cikin hunturu, Jawo ya zama mai kauri, launinsa ya bambanta da launin toka-launin toka ko ash-shudi zuwa launin toka-mai haske. Abun jikin dabba, gami da wuya, da fari, koyaushe fararen fata ne. Jawo mafi yawanci ana markashi da baƙar fata, amma jeri da adadi suna da yawa m. Wasu mutane suna da raunin launin ruwan kasa mai goge baki a goshi da baya. Nau'in ya ƙunshi rassa da yawa.

Abin da aka fi sani shine lynx shine shine mafi kusancin arewa na dangin Feline, suna rayuwa har bayan Arctic Circle. Yana zaune a cikin gandun daji, bishiyoyi, a kan wuraren dutse, a cikin hamada, a tsaunuka har zuwa 5500 m sama da matakin teku. A cikin Rasha, lynx yana zaune a cikin taiga da kuma cakuda gandun daji, ciki har da gandun daji, wani lokacin yakan shiga cikin gandun daji-tundra, ana samunsa ko'ina, har zuwa Sakhalin da Kamchatka.

Wasu kafofin suna kiran lynx na Kanada a matsayin biyan kuɗi na gama gari. Tsawon jikin dabbar ya bambanta da cm 67 (a cewar wasu majiyoyi daga 80 cm) zuwa 106 cm, wutsiya - 5-15 cm, tsayi a ƙasan - 48-56 cm, nauyi - daga 4.5 zuwa 11 (a cewar wasu rahotanni, har zuwa 17, 3 kilogiram). A cikin hunturu, gashi mai lynx mai launin toka-mai launin ruwan kasa, a lokacin rani yana da rawa tare da ƙaramin fari. A cikin wakilan nau'in jinsunan, babu wani melanists da zabiya, amma a Alaska, an hango wani mutum mai launin ulu mai launin shuɗi. A kasan jikin dabbar, Jawo yayi kauri da kauri. Gashi mai gashi yana tsiro a gefen gefan wasu, a cikin wutsiya da bayan kunnuwa.

Kamannin Kanada suna zaune a dazuzzukan Alaska, Kanada da arewacin Amurka zuwa Dutsen Rocky a Colorado.

• Iberian, Mutanen Espanya, ko Sardinian lynx (lat. Yin afuwa Lynx )

Wasu sunaye: Iberian, damisa lynx. A baya can, an dauki ƙaramin ƙananan reshe na lynx na kowa.

Wannan dabba ce mai gajarta jiki, dogayen kafafu da bgame da tare da karami wutsiya fiye da sauran membobin halittar. Tsawon jikin maza shine 65-82 (a wasu maɓuɓɓuka har zuwa 100) cm, wutsiyar itace 12.5-16 (bisa ga wasu maɓuɓɓuka 30 cm), tsayinsa a ƙasan yakai 40-70 cm, kuma nauyin daga 7 zuwa 15,9 kg. Mata sun kasance karami, tsawon jikinsu ya kama daga 68 zuwa 75 cm, nauyi - 9-10 kg. Pyrenean lynx yana da gajeriyar rawaya mai haske ko tabo mai gashi, mai kama da launi zuwa.

Matsakaicin adadin lynx na Pyrenean shine yankuna iyaka na Spain. A ƙarshen karni na 20, alumominsa sun haura daga Bahar Rum zuwa Galicia (Yammacin Ukraine). A shekarar 1960, asarar kashi 80% daga cikin tsoffin fannoni. Wannan shine mafi girman nau'in lynx da aka jera a cikin International Red Book.

Yana zaune da Pyrenees lynx a cikin gandun daji gauraye, da sauran kwari da kuma tsakanin duwatsu. Yana faruwa a cikin tsawon mita 400 zuwa 1300 daga matakin teku.

An ɗauke su daga shafin: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC BY 3.0 es

An ɗauke su daga shafin: www.lynxexsitu.es, CC BY 3.0 es

Wannan shine mafi ƙarancin lynx a tsakanin jinsuna huɗu. Girman dabbobi ban da wutsiya shine 47.5-105 cm (matsakaicin tsayin jiki - 82,7 cm), wutsiya - daga 9 zuwa 20 cm, tsayi a ƙhersƙasassu - 30-60 cm, nauyin maza daga 6.4 zuwa 18 kg, mace - daga 4 zuwa 15 kg. Dabba mafi girma na wannan nau'in sun auna kilogiram 27.

Lynx na Amurka yana da gajerun kafafu idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'in, kuma yana da kafaffun kafafu, tunda baya buƙatar motsawa cikin dusar ƙanƙara mai zurfi.Cikakken dabbar yana da kamala saboda girman gashin da yake girma akan sa. A launi na lynx gashi ne m, yana yawanci launin toka-launin ruwan kasa tare da baki veins, da underside da whiskers ne fari tare da baki. A ciki daga cikin bakin wutsiya alamar fararen fata ce. Lynxes gaba daya baki ne da fari.

Red lynxes suna rayuwa a yawancin na Arewacin Amurka: daga kudancin Kanada zuwa tsakiyar Mexico. Sun fi son bude wuraren zama, zama a cikin hamada, savannas, gandun daji, ciyawar ciyawa da tsirrai masu tsayi. An samo su har zuwa 3500 m sama da matakin teku. A cikin tsarin jinsin, ana rarrabe yawancin biyan kuɗi.

Wannan dabba wakili ne na gidan cat. Da yawa suna sha'awar wannan tambaya game da inda lynx yake zaune, hanya mafi sauƙi don nemo shi a cikin taiga. A halin yanzu, ba a san yawancin bayanai game da nau'in lynx ba, halayenta. Anyi bayanin wannan ta daidaituwa da taka tsantsan dabbar. Kasancewa gare shi bashi da sauki kamar yadda ake iya gani da farko. Dangane da bayanin, madaidaicin lynx, kamar kowane, a cikin watanni na hunturu na iya amfani da hanyoyin da mutum yayi. Wannan nau'in cat na daji yana da amfani ga masoya dabbobi da yawa.

Lynx yana rayuwa kimanin shekaru 17, matsakaicun alamu na kowane nau'in lynx ya bambanta.

Lynx - kwatankwacin halaye na waje

Lynx yana ɗaya daga cikin kyawawan wakilai na kuliyoyi, tsayinsa ya dogara da nau'in halittu. A matsakaici, masu girma dabam suna cikin kewayon 60 - 140 santimita. Akwai goge a kunnuwa. A cikin gemu, dabbar tana da gashi mai tsayi fiye da sauran wurare. Saboda wannan, ana ƙirƙiri sakamako mai saƙo. An bambanta dabbar ta manyan ɗalibai na tsaye, ƙaramin ƙugi. Kyawun dabbar yana ƙaddara ta silky da lokacin farin ciki.

Ana iya samun wannan dabbar a cikin kasashen Turai, haka kuma ana iya ganin lynx a China, Georgia da Girka. Fiye da rabin wakilan wannan nau'in suna zaune ne a nahiyoyin yammacin, a Amurka da Kanada.

A cikin Tarayyar Rasha, ana iya ganin dabbobi a cikin gandun daji na taiga. Ya danganta da mazauninsu, bayanan jikin da na waje na dabba sun bambanta.

Harshen Sipaniyanci

Lynx na Mutanen Espanya yana da sunaye da yawa, Iberian, Iberian da sauransu. Da yawa sun damu da tambayar inda wakilin wannan dangin yake zaune. A halin yanzu, yawancin waɗannan dabbobin suna cikin filin shakatawa na ƙasa, asalin Pyrenees lynx za'a iya samun shi a cikin gandun daji da tsaunukan Portugal da Spain. Harshen Mutanen Espanya yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙasashen Eurasian. Koyaya, masana sun gano cewa waɗannan wakilai biyu na dangin cat sun samo asali ne daban.

Sanannen Mutanen Espanya an san shi da gaskiyar cewa a cikin watanni hunturu fur ɗin sa ya zama ƙarami. Girmansa ba shine mafi girma ba, tsayinsa ya kai santimita 50, tsawonsa yakai 80 - 90 cm. Matsakaicin lynx na Mutanen Espanya ya ta'allaka ne a tsakanin kilo 12 - 22.

Pereneyskaya lynx yana da launin ruwan kasa ko furfura mai launin shuɗi; aibobi na iya zama launuka daban-daban da girma dabam. Ofayan mafi mahimmancin fasalin su - muƙamuƙi ya fi na sauran wakilan wannan aji girma, mucks ɗin ya fi kunkuntar. Wadannan sifofin suna ba da izini ga bogeyman don yin kwari mafi ƙarfi, wanda aka azabtar ya mutu daga matsakaicin 2 - 3.

Siberiyanci

Duk da yawan nau'ikan itacen feline, ana iya samun lynx Siberian kawai a cikin yankuna na arewacin Tarayyar Rasha. Ayyukan mutane a waɗannan yankuna suna da tasiri sosai ga yawan mazaunan Siberian lynx.

Siberian lynx gashi ana yaba shi sosai a kasuwa, wanda kuma ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa a halin yanzu wannan wakilin cat da ke cikin littafin ja. Siynian lynx yana da tsari na musamman wanda ke ba shi damar rayuwa a cikin yanayin sanyi. Baya ga gaskiyar cewa dabbar ta hau kan bishiyoyi daidai, ita ma tana gudana da sauri, tana iyo sosai, tana tsalle sosai da nisa. Sau da yawa fiye da da, ana samun dabbar a cikin dazuzzukan daji, amma ana iya samun wakilan su a cikin gandun daji.Wasu sun sadu da lynxes bayan Arctic Circle.

Hamada

Harshen jeji na nufin dabbar daji, wani suna don wannan dabba ita ce karama. An fassara daga Baturke, sunan wannan dabbar yana nufin kunnuwa bakar fata.

Mafi kusantar saduwa da rai a cikin daji a cikin hamada, mafi yawanci ana samun dabbar a Afirka da ƙananan Minan Asiya. A halin yanzu, kusan ƙananan fannoni 9 na ramin hamada an rarrabe su.

Wannan nau'in feline yana da jiki mai laushi tare da tsawon ba zai wuce santimita 85 ba. Wani siyayyar don caracal shine babban kunnuwa, waɗanda ke a tsaye. Gashi mai wuya yana ba da dabbar damar sauƙin cakuda yashi. Da yawa suna damuwa da tambaya game da nawa nauyin lynx; wannan nau'in ya kai kimanin kilo 12. Yawan nauyin maza ya fi girma fiye da na mace.

Lynx dabba ce mai kyaun gaske, kuma wasu mutane basa ƙin karɓar irin wannan dabbar a gida. Dabbar tana da kyakkyawar falala da halaye waɗanda suka sa ya yiwu a yaba da wannan wakilin dangin kula da cat. Koyaya, kafin fara farali na gida, ya kamata ka san kanka tare da su kusa.

A cikin al'adun daji, yana da matukar wuya ka sadu da wakilin wannan nau'in. Babban aikinta yakan faru ne da daddare ko da yamma, amma a lokacin bazara, kararraki yakan saba da rana. Hakanan, dabba wani lokacin tana nuna ayyukan yau da kullun a cikin hunturu hunturu, saboda ƙarancin abinci. A saboda wannan dalili, dabbar tana bata lokaci, da nufin hutawa, don nemo abinci.

Wurin da wannan dabbar ke wakilta a cikin wani nau'i na rudani a cikin dutsen, amma sautin zai iya tsayawa a cikin burrows mara komai, wanda saboda wasu dalilai wani dawakai ko wata dabba suka bari.

Wannan wakilin cat ya sha wahala sosai yana jin yunwa, saboda iyawar sa na farauta. Jiki mai ƙarfi da kyakkyawar ji suna ba da damar wannan dabbar da sauƙin kai wa wanda aka cutar. Caracal na iya kamo tsuntsu daga cikin garken da ya kamata ya tashi. Lynx yana ciyar da dabbobi ko tsuntsaye kawai. Waɗannan sun haɗa da tururuwa, fox har ma da jimina.

Yawancin masu sha'awar wannan dabbar suna da sha'awar tambaya game da nawa farashin lynx yake kashewa. Za'a iya kwatanta kimarta da farashin motar ƙasan waje ko kuma sabon motar cikin gida. An yi bayanin wannan ne ta hanyar hadarin caracals. A cikin yalwar cibiyar sadarwar duniya, akwai farashi masu yawa waɗanda suka haɗu daga 450 dubu zuwa miliyan 1 rubles.

Kafin, an kawo lynxes a cikin gidan don maƙiyi zai taimaka musu wajen kare yankin. Zai yiwu a ci gaba da irin wannan dabbar a cikin wani gida, amma don yin wannan, dole ne ku yi wasu sadaukarwa. Dogon ya kamata ya fi girma fiye da na kuliyoyin gida. Caracal yana buƙatar horarwa, ana bada shawara don horar da shi nan da nan don sauƙaƙe buƙata yayin tafiya. Wannan dabba tana buƙatar tsabtataccen iska kowace rana, har ma da karnuka. Idan ka bi duk ka'idodin horarwar dabbobi, to kayanka da gidanka zasu ci gaba da zama.

Abokan gaba a cikin daji

Babban haɗari ga lynx shine mutum. Jawo wannan dabbar yana da daraja sosai a kasuwa, kuma wannan dabbar tana iya hawa dabbobi. Idan dabbar ta sadu da mutum, sai yayi kokarin ɓoye shi daga itace. Da wuya, farkon lynx ya kai hari ga mutum. Idan dabba ta ji rauni, ba zai gudu ba, dabbar tayi kokarin tsalle kan mafarautan ta kashe shi.

Wata haɗari ga wannan dabbar ita ce kyarkeci. Idan lynx yana ƙarami, ba hawa dutsen itace ba, amma yana ƙoƙari ya tsere daga garken, wanda koyaushe yana ƙare da mutuwar ɗan adam. Dabba mai gogewa zai zauna a kan bishiya har sai garken ya daina kewaye shi.

Lynx sanannen dabba ne, saboda kyawunsa. Mutane da yawa suna ziyartar gidan saboda sha'awar ba wai kawai ga giwaye ba, tigers, har ma a lynxes, ciki har da. Koyaya, koda a irin waɗannan yanayi akwai matsala idan an gan shi.Dabba ya gwammace ya kwana a wani yanki, sun fito ne kawai a farkon yamma. Mutane ba su da son kai, ba sa nuna jin daɗi ga ma’aikatan gidan zoo. Wannan dabbar za ta fi sha'awar mai raunin bazata ta tashi cikin jirgin sama. Wakilin feline yana ƙaunar tsuntsaye, domin tsuntsayen da suke tashi cikin jirgin sama zuwa haɗarin haɗari mutum ne mai haɗarin gaske. Mace suna son yin wasa da dabbobi, kamar kowane kuliyoyi, tare da abubuwa masu zagaye, a wannan yanayin kabewa. Maza a wannan batun sun fi jin jini, kusan ba sa wasa.

• Wannan dabbar tana da dabi'a guda wacce ba zata yiwu ba ta suturta nama kuma bata dawo da ita ba.
• Kunnuwan wannan dabbar suna iya jin sautin da ya fi natsuwa, ko dai numfashin mutum ne ko kerkeci.
• Tsalle daga dabbar a tsayi zai iya kaiwa mita 6.
• Kabilar Eurasia na iya rayuwa cikin yanayin -5 digiri Celsius.
• Da gaske dabbar tana son dawakai kuma idan ta yiwu, sai ta hallaka su. 'Yan Connoisseurs suna yin bayanin wannan ta ƙa'idar farauta da dawakai waɗanda suke son cin abincin baƙi. Saboda wannan dalili, lokacin da wakilin dan adam ya ga kyar kusa da abin da ya farauto, sai ya kyale shi kusa, sa’an nan ya yiwo sawu Lynx ba zai taɓa ci shi ba, dabbar tana barin mayun da ya mutu a wurin kuma suka fita.

An yi imani da cewa lynx an kira shi gwarzo na almara Lucius, wanda ya iya gani ta hanyar.

Akwai ma wata al'umma ta musamman da ake kira Academy of Lynxes, an kafa ta a Italiya a cikin karni na XVII.

Siffofin

Wannan dabba tana zaune a Eurasia, Kamchatka, Arewacin Amurka. A baya can, ana samun lynx a cikin ƙasashen Turai, amma saboda buƙatar fur ɗin sa, kusan an gama lalata shi a waɗannan yankuna. A halin yanzu an jera su a cikin Littafin Layi.

Akwai nau'ikan da ke zuwa: Kanada, Pyrenean, ja da gamaren lynx, a ƙasa akwai belowan hotunan wannan dabbar.

A waje, lynx yana kama da cat mai girma masu girma dabam, yawanci kusan mita 1. Thearfin maza zai iya kaiwa kilo 25-30, mace tana nauyin kilo 20. Jawo Lynx yayi kauri sosai.

Amma ga launi, zai iya zama ja, launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka (duk ya dogara da inda yake zaune). An rufe bangarorin da baya tare da duhu duhu.

Ya kamata kuma a san cewa lynx yana da wutsiya mai kamannin sabon abu, kamar dai da gangan ya gajarta ne. Rufin hunturu ya fi tsawon lokacin bazara da kauri.

Shedding yana faruwa sau biyu a shekara. Kafafun gaba suna da tsayi fiye da kafafun kafa na baya, wanda ke ba da izinin yin tsalle-tsalle mai ban sha'awa.

Hakanan wani fasali mai ban sha'awa shi ne cewa kafaffun kafafun lynx suna da yatsun kafa biyar, da gaba yana da hudun.

An rufe murfin lynx a lokacin tsananin sanyi a lokacin hunturu don a sami nutsuwa a gareta ta wuce yankunan dusar ƙanƙara. Hanya ta tafiya lynx iri ɗaya ce da ta kyarkeci da damisa, ƙafafun kafa suna bibiyaran gaba.

Lynx dabba ce wacce ke da kyakkyawan ji, duk godiya ga goge na musamman akan gefen kunnuwa, waɗannan goge-gogen suna yin aikin wani irin eriya ne.

Rayuwa da halaye

Lynx galibi yana zaune a cikin taiga ko gandun daji. Yakan daidaita da hawa dutsen itatuwa. Lynx yana jin daɗi ko da a zazzabi na digiri 60. Yankin da yake zaune da farauta, lynx zai iya isa wurin da ya wuce murabba'in murabba'in 200. km, kuma zai iya kewaye wannan yankin a cikin mako guda da rabi.

Lynx yana canza yanayinsa kawai saboda karancin abinci. Daya daga cikin manyan abokan gaban lynx shine karnukan karnuka. Gudun gudu daga Wolves na lynx ya fi ƙarfin ƙarfi. Waɗanda kawai ke ɓoye a cikin bishiyu ne kaɗai ke tsira.

Amma ya kamata a san cewa babban hadarin da ke haifar da lynx mutum ne, wato masu fastoci.

Oye daga mafarautan lynx sau da yawa yana ba da cikakkiyar saurarenta. Hannun lynx, da hakora, na iya haifar da lahani mai girma ga mutumin da zai dame ta.

Hoton Lynx

Habitat da mazauninsu

An san wannan nau'in kuliyoyi a matsayin jinsin arewaci da ya taɓa rayuwa a duniya. A cikin Scandinavia, ana iya samunsa har ya wuce yankin Arctic Circle.Har zuwa karni na 20 na karni, kewayonsa sun fi yawa, kuma ana iya samun lynx a Tsakiya da Yammacin Turai.

A karni na biyu na karni na 20, lambarta ta ragu sosai, saboda ayyukan da suka fara kai tsaye suka shafi rage yawan wannan nau'in dabbobi. Malamai da atean makaranta sun yi ta harbin dabbobi saboda ulu da ire-irensu.

Bari mu ba fewan ƙasashe inda ta zauna don zama. Kasashen Turai:

Amma, wannan jerin ba cikakke bane, aƙalla akwai ƙasashe 10 inda za'a iya samo su. A Rasha, ta fi son zama a Sakhalin da Kamchatka, a hanyar, lynx ya bayyana a nan kwanan nan. Tana matukar son ƙaunar dazuzzuka masu yawa.

Har yanzu kuna iya haɗuwa da wani kurmi na daji a cikin Caucasus, a Tsakiyar Asiya, amma a cikin waɗannan wurare yawanta yana da ƙanana. Amma ga yankin tsakiya na Federationungiyar Rasha, mazaunanta zai yi kama da haka:

A cikin Ukraine, ana iya ganin shi a cikin tsaunuka, kamar tsaunukan Carpathian. Wannan dabba kuma tana zaune a Armenia, Azerbaijan da Kazakhstan.

Halin Lynx da salon rayuwa

Lynx dabba ce ta dabba. Wannan babban cat yana zaune ne a cikin daɓar taiga da kuma tsaunukan tuddai. Commonlyarancin kullun, ana samun lynx a cikin tundra ko gandun daji-steppe. Koyaya, cat mai cin gashin kansa yana hawa bishiyoyi daidai kuma yana jin kwarin gwiwa akan rassan su fiye da ƙasa.

Lynx - dabba na taiga da gandun daji , a nan ne za ta iya gamsar da ɗabi'ar neman farauta. Eynsian lynx zai iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi har zuwa - 55 digiri.

Kowane lynx yana zaune akan takamaiman yanki mai nisan mil 250. km, wanda zata iya zagayawa cikin makonni 1-2. Tana barin yankin ƙasa tasa kawai tare da rashin abinci. Babban abokan gaban lynx sune karnuka ne da.

Ba a san dalilin da ya sa karnukan karnuka suke yin kisa ba, ko kuma suna son naman lynx ko kuma gwagwarmayar neman abinci. Koyaya, ba shi yiwuwa a kubuta daga lynx daga fakitin Wolves. Idan goguwar goguwa ta kware a cikin bishiyoyi, tabbas saurayi zai cije shi.

Abin takaici ne, amma babban haɗari ga dabba shine mutum. Mawakafin kowace shekara suna rage adadin waɗannan dabbobin masu daraja. Af, haɗuwa tare da lynx ana ɗaukarsa sa'a ne, saboda ya fi son ɓoye wa mutum daga cikin itatuwan kurmi.

Kyakkyawan ji na lynx zai baka damar kama matakai tun kafin lokacinsa da kuma lokacin da zai ɓoye. Amma idan mutum ya cutar da cat na tsinkaye, za'a iya tsammanin mummunan hari tare da haƙoran haƙora da lemo. Dabba zai iya saurin wuyan mutum, amma wannan abu ne mai wuya.

Aarawo ɗan fashi x lynx akan ruhu baya iya jurewa. yana jiran ta ya kashe, sai gawar ta bar tsaye a wurin. Abin mamaki, a daji mai daji yana da al'ada mai ban sha'awa na yin wutsiya wutsiyarsa. Har yanzu dai ba a fayyace shi ba a kan abin da ya aikata wannan.

Sake buguwa da tsawon rai

Daga farkon bazara zuwa bazara, lynx yana farawa daga lokacin damuna. Maza da yawa waɗanda ke rakiyar mace koyaushe suna faɗa, meow, girma da ihu. Ana iya jin waɗannan sautuna a nesa mai nisa. Lokacin da mace ta fi son mafi tsananin da ƙarfi, dabbobi suna haifar da iyali.

Ma'aurata masu ƙauna suna yiwa juna fyaɗe, suna jan juna kuma sun fara sauƙaƙe a hankali suna goge goshinsu. Abinda ke biye shine gyaran gida, wanda za'a iya kasancewa a cikin tushen itacen, kogo, kogon dutse ko ɓarke ​​dutsen. Sun layi gidan su da ciyawa, gashin dabbobi da gashinsa.

Bayan watanni 2-2.5, an haifi jarirai na 2-4 - waɗanda suke nauyin kimanin 300 g, kuma ba su jin komai da kurma. Koyaya, bayan sati daya, iyaye sun fara ɗaga ƙaramin maharbi daga cikin yar kyanwa. Suna kawo ƙaramin rodent ko tsuntsu kuma suka ɓoye.

Aikin yara shine neman su. Lokacin wata uku da haihuwa, lynxes sun kasance tare da mahaifiyarsu don farauta, kuma yayin da suke da watanni biyar suna koya don samun abincin kansu. Lokacin da kyanwa suka cika shekara guda, mahaifiyarsu lynx ta kore su kuma ta sami sabon zuriya.

Mace a shirye don dabbar ta hanyar canjin kusan shekara guda da rabi, maza a cikin biyu da rabi.Tsawon rayuwar magabatan yanayi ya kai shekaru 20, a cikin bauta wannan adadi ya kai shekaru 25.

Yanzu salon ya hada da kiyaye dazuzzuka da ke zaune a cikin gidaje da kuma gidaje. A sayen dabbobi kamar lynx, Dole ne a ɗauka cewa suna buƙatar babban filin zama da kulawa na musamman.

Al'adun wannan dabbar ba sa yin yuwu a ci gaba da shi a cikin ɗakin, duk da haka, a halin yanzu, an ƙaddamar da nau'in "Gidan Lynx" ta hanyar ƙetara lynx na daji kuma tare da launi na gashi. Farashin Lynx ya yi tsayi, amma yana da kyau ya sami irin wannan dabin, mai kyan gani da kyawu.

Lynx na gama gari (Lynx lynx) - dabba ce da ke tattare da jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma halittar halittar lynx, wanda ya hada da nau'ikan hudu. Iyali ɗaya na lynx mallakar wani tsari ne na yau da kullun na Dabbobin redaukaka da dangin Feline.

Bayani da bayyanar

A yau, duniyarmu tana da ɗimbin yawa na lynx, waɗanda suke da ɗan bambanci ga girman su, launi na fata da yanki rarraba. Lynx a halin yanzu shine mafi kusancin arewa na dangin cat. .

Abin ban sha'awa ne! Hoton lynx ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin heraldry, saboda haka ana samun wannan alamar sau da yawa akan tutoci da alamomin birane daban-daban ciki har da Gomel da Ust-Kubinsk a cikin Vologda Oblast.

Bayyanar

Shortan itace mai gajarta da taƙaddara itace halayyar dukkan lynxes, ba tare da bambancin jinsin ba. Kunnuwa suna da dogon goge-tsuben gashi mai kyau. Wutsiya tana da ɗan gajarta, tare da halayyar gaske, ɓangaren "yanke". Shugaban ƙaramin girman, ya yi zagaye. Elongated gashi is located in a manyan lambobi a bangarorin da mucks, kuma siffofin sosai peculiar "whiskers". Makarfin ya gajarta, tare da manyan idanu da ɗalibai masu zagaye. Ayoyi suna da yawa a cikin hunturu tare da ingantaccen inzali.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! Da farkon lokacin hunturu, loweran ƙaramin damshin lynx ya cika da gashi mai tsawo da laushi, domin dabbar ta iya motsa dusar kankara mai zurfi da kankara, kamar kan tsalle.

Girman girma

Matsakaicin tsayin jiki na tsohuwar lynx na iya canzawa tsakanin 80-130cm . Matsayinsa na dabbar a ƙusoshin sa ya kai 65-70cm. A matsayinka na mai mulki, tsofaffi da ingantaccen tsarin lynx suna kama da girman su ga wani babban mutum, babban kare. Laukar nauyin lynx na namiji ya bambanta tsakanin kilogiram 18-25, amma wasu mazan sun sami damar isa kilogiram na 28-30, kuma yawanci mace tana da nauyin kilogram 18-20.

Launin fata

Canza launin gashi na lynx yana da kyau sosai a yau, kuma nau'ikan launuka da inuwa na iya wakiltarsu, wanda kai tsaye ya dogara da labarin yanayin mazaunin mutane. Launi na iya bambanta daga launin ruwan hoda zuwa launin toka-mai-rawa, tare da kasancewar orasa da yawa da ake iya gani a cikin baya da kafafu, har ma a ɓangarorin dabbar.

A kan cinyar lynx, gashin yana da dogaye da taushi, siliki, amma ba lokacin farin ciki ba kuma kusan kullun tsarkakakke ne tare da saƙo, mai saukin ganewa. A cikin yankuna na kudanci, mutane suna da launuka masu launin ja, kuma suna da kullun da gajeren wando da adonsu. Yakan sa dabbobi masu tsinkaye a cikin bazara da kaka.

Yanayin rayuwar Lynx na gama gari

Tare da yawancin sauran nau'ikan dabbobi masu yanke hukunci, jigon na gama gari ya fi son gudanar da rayuwar yau da kullun ko, wacce ake kira, walƙiya ta rayuwa. Wannan ɗan maɗaukaki ne, amma macen da ta tare da theasan suna tare tare har tsawon watanni.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! Lynxes yakan shiga neman ganima bayan ya fara duhu. Rusarfin gogewa wanda ke kan kunnuwan maharbin ya zama wani irin naúrar da ke sauƙaƙe gano abin da ya kama.

Baya ga farauta abin da ake kira skrad, lynxes sun sami damar jiran abin da za su gan su a cikin kwanton-bauna. Wannan dabbar da ke tare da dabbobi tana yawan jirarta kafin ta farauto ganimar ta hanyar dabbobin, da kuma kusa da babban rami na ruwa.

Inda lynx yake zaune, kewa

Lynx sun fi so su zauna cikin gandun daji mai duhu mai duhu da kuma taiga, amma wani lokacin zasu iya shiga gandun daji-steppe ko tundra-tundra. Dabba na iya sauƙin hawa ba kawai bishiyoyi ba, har ma da kankara, kuma yana da kyau kwarai a iyo.

Godiya ga sutturar da yawa, lynx ya dace da rayuwa ta dusar ƙanƙara fiye da Filin Arctic. Abubuwan da suke fitowa daga ulu suna sa lynx ya zama kusan ganuwa a cikin rana tsakanin tsananin hasken rana da ya fadi a ƙasa, haka kuma yana rufe dabba sosai a tsakanin bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi.

Abinci da Mining

Yawan farauta masu lynx, a mafi yawan lokuta, don hares. Idan za ta yiwu, dabbar za ta iya kai hari a matsakaitan matsakaitan matsuguni, gami da barewa, barewa da barewa, da kuma ciyawar daji. Sau da yawa lynxes suna kama squirrels da martens, kuma suna cin amana, ango da baƙar fata.

A cikin neman abinci, lynxes na iya yin tafiyar kimanin kilomita talatin a cikin rana, kuma a cikin shekaru mawuyacin hali, maharbi yakan kusanci mazaunin mutum, inda karnukan gida ko ɓarayi da karnuka da ƙananan shanu suka zama ganima. Ganyen da ba a gama kammalawa ba a haƙa a dusar ƙanƙara ko ƙasa.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! Tabbatacciyar hujja irin ta rashin hankalin tsohuwar lynx zuwa dawakai sanannu ne. Maharbi yayi ƙoƙari ya ciji ɗan akuya a farkon damar, amma wannan naman ba ya cin abinci da tsintsiya da abinci.

Kiwo da zuriya

Lynx na gama gari - maƙiyin da ke jagorantar salon rayuwa ɗaya . Gasar tsere ta fara ne a watan Maris. A wannan lokacin, mafarautan suna yin sautin halayyar mai yawan gaske, kamar yadda za'a iya yin ihu ko kuka da karfi. A wani mataki na yau da kullun, kowace mace tana da maza tare da juna a kowane lokaci don yaƙi da juna. Ma’auratan da ke da ilimi suna yin nau’i na maraba, kuma ana nuna ƙauna yayin yin riƙon ulu.

Abin ban sha'awa ne! Lokacin haihuwar mace ya bambanta tsakanin kwanaki 64-70. Odaya daga cikin brood ya ƙunshi, a matsayin mai mulkin, na yara biyu, amma wani lokacin adadin su zai iya kai biyar. Lynxes kurma ne da makafi, wannan shine dalilin da ya sa mace ta fara ɓoye su a cikin kogon, wanda ke ƙarƙashin tushen bishiyoyin da suka faɗi, a cikin ramuka masu zurfi ko ƙasa. Hakanan, wasu mata sukan shirya wani kogo a cikin manyan ramuka ko cikin manyan duwatsu.

Matsakaicin nauyi na yar karamar yarinya, a matsayin mai mulkin, baya wuce gram 250-300. Idanun Lynx suna buɗe ne kawai a ranar sha biyu. Har zuwa wata daya, mace tana ciyar da 'ya'yanta a kebe musamman da madara, bayan haka a hankali ake fara ciyar da abinci mai gina jiki a hankali. Haihuwar kittens ana aiwatar da shi ne ta iyayen biyu, wanda ba wai kawai zai kare zuriyarsu ba, har ma suna koya masa yadda ake samun abinci da ɓoyewa daga abokan gaba. Balaga ta jima'i a cikin mace ta kusanto zuwa shekaru biyu, kuma a cikin 'yan watanni kaɗan.