1. noararrawar hayaniyar hatsi tana cikin tsarin shayarwa.
Gwanin ya samo sunan ne saboda al'adar zama akan bishiya, kamar itace.
2. Ee, yakasance mai kama da mai kama da mai da da da katako a ƙaramin, amma abin birgewa kuma mai son kamawa yake. A cikin Jamusanci, sunan sa yana kama da haka - woodpecker. Bambancin wannan tsuntsu ya ta'allaka ne ba kawai cikin saurin motsi tare da sandar mai santsi ta hanyoyi daban-daban ba, har ma a cikin ikon rataye a jikin rassan.
3. Nuthatch ya yadu ko'ina. Wadannan tsuntsayen sun kirkiro matsuguni a yawancin Turai da Asiya - daga iyakokin yamma na yankin daji na Eurasia zuwa Kamchatka, Tsibirin Kuril, Sakhalin. Ana iya samunsu a cikin ruwan zafi a Marokko da kuma sanyi a tundra na Yakutia, a cikin tsaunukan Asiya.
4. A Rasha, sau da yawa suna zaune a cikin daji mai rikitarwa, da cakuda gandun daji, yankin shakatawa na daji, inda akwai ƙwaro iri iri, katako mai itace, gwoza ganye.
5. Iyalin abincin sun hada da janare 6 da kuma nau'ikan 30. Duk nau'ikan suna da haɗin kai ta hanyar kamannin salon, bayyanar. Babban bambance-bambancen shine launi na plumage, girman, mazauni.
6. Bayan wadannan tsuntsayen launin toka-shudi ne, launi na kirji da ciki na alumman yankin arewa suna da fari, Kafasa - ja. An yiwa wutsiyar alama da fararen fata. Ganyayyakin yana da jiki mai gajarta, gajeriyar wutsiya da kafafu tare da daskararru mai yatsu biyu. Girmanta ya dogara da nau'in, tsawon - a cikin kewayon santimita na 10 - 19, nauyi - 10-5 grams.
7. speciesabi'ar nuthatch 5 suna zaune a kan ofasar Tarayyar Rasha: hadaddun gama gari, Siberian nuthatch, ja-resasted nuthatch, stenolase da shaggy (launin fata-kai) nuthatch.
Talakawa creep
8. Kayan abincin gama gari ya zama yaduwa a Rasha. Nuthatch gama-gari - tsuntsu mai samarwa, mai gajerun-gajere, girman tsuntsu. Weight ya kai gram 25, kuma tsawon jikin sa shine santimita 14.5.
9. saman jikinsa yafi yawan launin toka ko kuma mai kaushi, ciki yana da fari, a cikin yawan jama'ar dake zaune a cikin Caucasus yana da ja. Shugaban yana da girma, wuyan kusan ba a gani. Amfani da kansa na yau da kullun ana gane shi ta hanyar "baƙar fata" a gaban idanunsu. Daga babban beki mai kaifi zuwa bayan kansa, layin baƙar fata ya ratsa idanunsa.
10. Mutanen suna kiran wannan tsuntsu saman fesa, mai horarwa, creeper. Kocin ya tashi da sauri kuma kai tsaye tare da gajeren tashi, a kan nesa mai nisa - ta raƙuman ruwa. Ba tare da tsayawa ba, ya mamaye nisan da bai wuce kilomita ɗaya ba.
11. Duk da cewa abincin da ake amfani da shi bai shafi kayan son haihuwa ba, muryarsa tana da kyau sosai kuma tana da murya. Akwai hayaniya da aka yi "tzi-it", wanda aka sanyawa sunansa kocin, gurgling, kumburi. A lokacin tarawar, ana jin kira, kuma a yayin neman abinci ana jin sautin "Tew-Tew", "Tweet-Tweet".
12. hatarancin abincin talakawa ya zauna cikin juzu'ai, daɗaɗɗun daji, gandun daji gauraye, wuraren shakatawa. A cikin bazara da bazara, kwari sun fi rinjaye a cikin abincin direba. Wannan ya shafi musamman na lokacin farauta, ciyar da kajin. Abincin abinci mai gina jiki ya hada da: larvae, caterpillars, kananan arachnids, kwari (weevils, ganye beetles), kwari, kwari, kwari, tururuwa, kwari.
LABARIN SARKI
13. Siberian nuthatch yana zaune a cikin Urals, ƙarami ne na nuthatch, ya bambanta da fararen gashin gira, goshi.
Moreari sau da yawa, ƙwayar cuta tana fitar da kwari, suna tafiya da sauri a kan kututture, rassan itace. Amma wani lokacin yakan gangara zuwa ƙasa, yana neman abinci a cikin ciyawa da ciyawar sod. A cikin kaka, tsuntsaye suna son jin daɗin berries na ceri tsuntsu, hawthorn, kwatangwalo.
15. Babban abincin da aka shuka ya ƙunshi tsaba masu ban sha'awa, beech da m kwayoyi, itacen oak, sha'ir da hatsi.
Gingerbread tayi
16. Red-breasted nuthatch - Waɗannan waɗannan tsuntsayen ƙasa ne mai kamar sparrow - 12.5 santimita, ana rarrabe su da jan kyalle mai haske na farin ciki, fararen fata da baƙar fata a kai, wanda ya rabu da "abin rufe fuska" ta farin gira. Mace ba ta da haske kuma ba za a iya lura da ita ba.
17. Yawan kodan jan ya mamaye ko'ina a yammacin Caucasus a cikin dazuzzukan fir da na Pine. Tsuntsu yana jagorantar yanayin rayuwa, a cikin hunturu yakan gangara zuwa tekun Bahar Maliya.
18. Gidaje a cikin rami, amma sabanin masu katako, basu da ikon tona kansu, saboda haka sukanyi amfani da tsoffin katako na katako ko kuma mamaye kogon bishiyoyi. Yayi babban budewa tsuntsu ya rufe yumbu, wani lokacin ma hada shi da taki, barin wa kansa karamin bude (bari) a santimita 3-4.
19. Yankin haushi kusa da rami kuma an rufe shi da cakuda-garin cakuda. A cikin tsuntsu mara buji yana rufe wani yanki na bakin haushi, ƙasa da ganye. Ana yin zuriyar dabbobi a cikin kauri sanannu domin ƙwaiƙar ƙwayayen da ke ciki ana cika binne su.
20. Dangane da lura da masana kimiyyar kayan ado na kayan masarufi, kwayayen yana da kyakkyawan wari; bazai taba sha'awar kwayar komai ba. Yana iyawa da ƙarfi a wuya tare da kaifi, baki mai ƙarfi, yana matsa tayin a saman akwatin, riƙe shi da ƙafar sa, ko sanya shi cikin ɓarna.
CIGABA DA STENOLAZ
21. Ruwan ƙasa yana zaune a cikin Caucasus ne a tsawan sama da nisan mil dubu uku sama da matakin teku. Tsawon jikinsa ya kai santimita 17. Launi - launin toka mai haske tare da sauyawa a cikin sautunan duhu, tare da sassan ɓangaren fikafikan da aka haskaka a kan asalin gaba ɗaya.
22.A yinin zuwa ga tsaunin tsaunin, stenolaz yana yin kananan tsalle-tsalle, yayin bude fuka-fukansa wani launi mara kyau. Nests a cikin dutse gorges kusa da koguna ko waterfalls.
23. Nuthatch baya tashi zuwa hunturu don wasu asashe, sabili da haka, shiri don lokacin hunturu yana farawa kafin sanyi na farko.
24. Daga kaka zuwa Disamba, magabatan gida suna kirkiri alamomin ciyarwa ta hanyar sanya kwayoyi da tsaba a cikin fasa a cikin kwandon shara ko rami a wurare daban-daban domin kada hannun jari ya gushe gaba daya.
25. Nuthatch a hankali suna adana hannun jari, ba sa son baƙi kuma suna kiyaye yankin. Yawan nauyin kayayyaki na iya kaiwa kilo 1.5. Kuma wannan shine a wuri guda. Kuma tsuntsaye suna da yawa daga gare su.
COSMATIC KO BLACK-HEAVENED CREEP
26. Ruwan shaggy (mai kai baki) ƙaramin abu ne, tsawon santimita 11.5 kawai. Idan a cikin abincin gama-gari na gama-gari, duk tsokar jikin ta tayi ja, to a cikin gashin baki akwai tabo kawai a kirji.
27. Yankin rarrabawa - kudu na Primorsky Krai. A can, waɗannan tsuntsayen suna ƙirƙirar ƙauyuka na gida. Suna zaune a cikin dazuzzukan daji, dazuzzuka masu kyau, a cikin dazuzukan Pine da gandun daji mai sauƙi.
28. Sun fi son motsa shaggy nuthatch ba tare da sassan jikin ba, amma tare da rawanin, har da ƙananan rassa. Matsakaicin adadin qwai a cikin kama shine guda 6.
29. Shaggy nuthatch a cikin hunturu na zaune a kudu na Koriya ta Koriya, inda ta tashi daga Primorye. Amma wannan ya zama banda ga dokar. Idan tsuntsayen ba su damu ba, to, tsawon shekaru suna bin shafin su. Saboda ƙarancin ƙarancin abinci, an jera waɗannan berayen raye-rayen a cikin Littafin Ruwan Federationungiyar Rasha.
Wani ɗan ƙaramin tsuntsu ya bambanta da na saurayi cikin rudani, amma mace kuma daga saurayin take karami. Wakilan maza na maza daban daban suna da launi daban-daban na saman kai, ƙwararraki da bangarorin.
CIKIN SAUKI
31. Nan Kanada Nuthatch. Abubuwan da ke tattare da nau'in halitta an ƙaddara ta da girman girman jikin mutum (santimita 11.5), launin toka-shuɗi mai launin sashi na sama, da launi mai ja na ciki da kirji.
32. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da halayen baƙar fata mai launin fata da ke wucewa ta ido, tabo na baki akan kambi. Yana zaune musamman a cikin coniferous, mai arziki a cikin abinci, gandun daji na Arewacin Amurka.
33. Tsuntsayen Nuthatch suna da aiki kuma basa hutawa. Duk rana don neman abinci, suna scurry game da kututture da rassan bishiyoyi, suna yin gajeren tashi. Ta hanyar cin kwari, kwayar halitta tana haɓaka rayuwar bishiyoyi.
KYAUTA ROCK CREEP
34. rockaramin dutsen Nuthatch a girma da launi launin shuɗi ya yi daidai da kocin. Tana zaune a arewacin Isra'ila, a Siriya, Iran, kudu da yammacin Turkiyya, a tsibirin Lesbos. Tana zaune a kango, a kan duwatsu, a gefen kogunan Bahar Rum.
35. Rock nuthatch nests na musamman ne. Haƙƙin ruɓi ne da aka haɗe da dutsen tare da ƙarshen ƙarshe.
LARGE ROCK CREEP
36. Babban dutsen Nuthatch ya kai girman santimita 16. Weight ya fi na giant -5 grams. A baya ne launin toka, ciki yana da fari tare da ja tan a tarnaƙi.
37. Yankin da aka rarraba shi shine Transcaucasia, Tsakiya da Asiya ta Tsakiya. Wannan dutsen Nuthatch yana zaune ne kuma yana da mazaunin tuddai. Yana fasalta da babbar murya.
38. Java, Sumatra da Malaysia an zaɓi su da kyawawan abubuwa, azure nuthatch sosai daban da sauran nau'in. A baya suna haɗuwa da launuka iri-iri da shuɗi. Ganyen ɓoye na baƙin ciki ya rufe rabin bayan ciki, saman kai, yanki a kusa da idanu. Sauran jikin kuwa fari ne. Wani katako mai launin shuɗi mai ban mamaki ya fito daga gare su.
39. Tsuntsayen ba sa yin rago na garken dabbobi, amma suna haɗuwa da tsuntsayen, suna yawo tare da su don ɗan ɗan nisa don neman abinci.
Corsican creep
40. Corsican nuthatch. Mazaunin ta ya dace da sunan. Yana da ɗan gajeren baki a ƙaramin kai na jikin santimita 12. Kashi na sama yana da daidaitattun launin toka da shuɗar shuɗi, ƙasa beige ne, makogwaron ya kusan fari. Rawanin mace yana da baki, mace tana da launin toka. Muryar ta zama bakin ciki kuma mafi kyau fiye da yadda take na talakawa.
41. A lokacin bazara, cin abinci mai narkewa ne kuma a wuraren shakatawa galibi sukan karɓi abinci daga hannun mutane. Tsawon rayuwar waɗannan tsuntsaye a cikin daji shine shekaru 10-11.
Mahaukaci
42. Jaririn nuthatch shine mafi karancin memba na dangin nuthatch, yana da nauyi kawai daga gram 9 zuwa 11 tare da tsawon jikinsa na santimita 10. Tana da saman launi mai launin shuɗi-fari, fari a ƙasa, ɗan farin zano a saman.
43. Yana rayuwa da jariri a cikin dazuzzukan daji na Mexico, Kolumbia, Yammacin Arewacin Amurka. Ya motsa ba tare da sowa ba tare da kututture, mafi sau da yawa yana ciyar da rana a cikin rawanin bishiyoyi. Nests howls a cikin yanayin depressions na tsoffin bishiyoyi. Son kwanciya ya ƙunshi ƙwai 9.
44. Wata ƙasa mai saurin kisa wacce ake barazanar rugujewa ita ce ƙasa: Aljeriya, wacce ke da mazauninta kawai a cikin duwatsun Algerian na Atlas. Giant, har zuwa santimita 19.5 tsayi da nauyinsa ya kai gram 47. White-browed, rayuwa ta musamman a Myanmar. Bahamian (mai launin ruwan kasa), adadinsu ya ragu sosai bayan guguwa ta 2016 a Caribbean.
45. Balagagge a cikin wadannan tsuntsaye ya ƙare a ƙarshen shekarar farko. An kirkiro ma'aurata sau ɗaya kuma tsawon rayuwa. An rarraba waƙar kiwo na nuthatch a cikin gandun daji a watan Fabrairu, kuma a ƙarshen Maris ma'auratan suna neman wurin zama.
46. Rashin shinge na katako ko rami daga rassan ruɓaɓɓu sun dace. Babban abu shi ne cewa suna daidai da tsawon mita 3 zuwa 10. Letok da sassan makwabta na cortex an rufe su da yumbu wanda aka goge da yau. Akan wannan, an ƙaddara cewa ingantaccen ya zauna anan.
47. “rufin” ciki daga cikin gida kuma an “shimfiɗa shi”, an kuma santar da ƙananan sashin ƙura mai kauri, busassun ganye. Tsarin yana ɗaukar makonni biyu.
48. Abu mafi ban mamaki shine cewa sarari kewaye da taphole an yi masa ado da gashin fuka-fukai, fruita fruitan itace, da tutocin. Wannan alamar tayi ado ga sauran tsuntsayen cewa wurin ya mamaye. Ganuwar ciki na tururi yana gamawa da chitin (fuka-fukan tsuntsun ɓawon tsuntsu, ƙyallen fikaɗen bishiyoyi).
49. A watan Afrilu, mace lays 6-9 fararen qwai da launin ruwan kasa da bakan, wanda ƙyanƙyashe for 2-2.5 makonni. A wannan lokacin, namiji ya kan kula da budurwarsa, a yayin da yake ba ta abinci.
50. Lokacin da kajin suka bayyana, iyayen biyu sun mamaye abincin su. Fiye da sau 300 a rana sukan kawo matafiloli ga zuriyarsu da ke yawan jin yunwa. Kajin na fara tashi bayan makwanni uku zuwa hudu, amma namiji da mace suna ci gaba da ciyar da su har tsawon sati biyu. Bayan wannan, ci gaban matasa ya fara ciyar da kanshi.