Marten-angler, ko ed (lat. Martes pennanti) nasa ne daga dangin Kunya (Mustelidae). Ta sami sunanta ne saboda iyawar ta na satar kifi daga tarkunan da aka kafa akan wasu dabbobi.

Maharbin ba shi da wata kebantacciya a kansa kuma da wuya ya ci shi, yana bayar da fifiko ga halittu masu rai.

Jinsi na wannan nau'in akwai shakku a tsakanin yawancin masu karɓar haraji. Wasu suna rarrabe shi azaman asalin Pecania daban kuma suna ɗaukarsa kusa da Wolverines (Gulo) fiye da Martens.

Ilka a farkon karni na ashirin yana gab da kammala halaka a yankuna da dama na yankinsa.

Tare da marten Amurka (Martes americana), ya daɗe yana zama abun ciniki. Dole ne hukumomin yankin su dauki matakan kare shi saboda yawan porcupins (Erethizon dorsatum), waɗanda ke yin lakanin gungumen itace, musamman marshin suga (Acer saccharum). Marten anglers kawai zai iya rage yawan waɗannan ƙwayoyin jiɓin haɗari.

Yaɗa

Mazaunin yana cikin Arewacin Amurka a Kudancin Kanada da kuma arewa maso yammacin Amurka. Iyakarta ta kudu ta fito daga matakan Sierra Nevada a California har zuwa Dutsen Appalachian da ke Yammacin Virginia.

Yawancin jama'a sun rayu a lardunan Kanada na Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta da British Columbia.

A Pine marten mazauna yafi a cikin coniferous gandun daji.

Mafi sau da yawa ba sau da yawa ba, ana lura dashi a cikin gandun daji tare da ciyayi masu tsire-tsire da gauraye, tare da guje wa sarari.

Zuwa yau, an san abubuwa 3. Subswararrun talakawa sun zama ruwan dare a Kanada da arewacin Amurka.

Halayyar

Ilka yana jagorantar tsarin rayuwa, kawai ana bayyana ayyuka da dare fiye da lokacin rana. Ba ta da matsuguni na dindindin. Don nishaɗi, tana yin amfani da bishiyoyi mara laima da kuma watsi da sauran dabbobin. Matsakaicin yanki na maɓallin gida ya kai muraba'in mita 15. km daga mata da mitoci 38. km daga maza.

Dabbobin suna da mutuntaka ga jinsinsu kuma suna kare iyakokin wuraren farauta daga wurinsu. Rukunin wuraren mallakan magabatan sau da yawa suna shiga tsakani, wanda ba ya haifar da wata sabani a tsakaninsu.

Masu aikin shagon dutse suna hawa bishiyoyi daidai kuma suna iyo sosai. Idan ya cancanta, zasu iya haye kananan koguna da tafkuna.

A cikin rana guda, ed na gudana kilomita 20-30, za ta iya shawo kan nisan mil 5 zuwa saurin sauri.

Kodayake pecans kansu makiyayi ne kuma suna saman tayin abinci, matasa, tsofaffi da marasa lafiya sukan zama masu cutar da manyan dabbobi. Abokan gabansu na halitta sune coyotes (Canis latrans), dawakai gama gari (Vulpes vulpes), owls budurwa (Bubo virginianus), Canadian (Lynx canadensis) da jan lynx (Lynx rufus).

Abinci mai gina jiki

Marten-anglers suna da iko duka, amma ba da fifikon da suka fi so su ciyar da jijiyoyi daban-daban ba. -Arancin gajeran wutsiyoyi (Blarina brevicauda) ana ɗaukar su abincin da suka fi so. Har ila yau, suna cin ganyayyaki a Amurka (Lepus americanus), Caroline squirrels (Sciurus), squirrels daji (Clethrionomys) da kuma voye launin toka (Microtus).

Martens suna aiki sosai akan farauta. Ba wai kawai suna riskar wanda aka gano tare da jefa walƙiya ba, har ma suna tono abubuwan burbushin na yau da kullun. Dabbobin ba sa ƙyamar ɗaukar kaya kuma ana ganin su ana cin gawawwakin barewar-farare (Odocoileus virginianus) da muzurai (Alces alces).

Suna jin daɗin tashin tsuntsayen cin abinci ta hanyar cin ƙwai da kajin. Masu fashin baki suna kai hari ga tsuntsaye masu bacci da daddare kuma suna iya jimrewa ko da manyan karnukan daji (Meleagris gallopavo). Ba za su rasa damar da za su yi hulɗa da matasa lynxes da dawakai ba idan babu tsofaffin dabbobin da ke kusa da su.

Masunta suna kashe wanda aka kashe da cizo a bayan kai.

Yin farauta ta porcupine, suna tursasa shi har zuwa gajiyawa ta hanyar ci gaba da yawan hare-hare, suna ƙoƙari su ciji ba da izini ga fuskar ƙayayyiyar fuska ko ciki tsawon rabin sa'a. Suna son ziyartar wuraren kiwo na karkara suna kashe kaji da kuliyoyi.

Kiwo

Mata suna yin balaga lokacin da suke shekara ɗaya, kuma maza a cikin shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa. Lokacin kumburin, dangane da yanayin damina, yana gudana daga ƙarshen Fabrairu zuwa farkon Mayu. Abokan hulɗa kawai suna haɗuwa na hoursan sa'o'i kaɗan kuma sun rabu bayan daskarewa. Maza sun auri mata da yawa kuma sun shagala da ƙarancin zuriyarsu.

Haɓakar embryos yana tsayawa ne a farkon matakin bugun jini kuma yana ci gaba bayan watanni 10. A sakamakon haka, cikin da kanta tayi kimanin kwanaki 50. Yawancin lokaci mace tana kawo zuriya a tsakiyar Fabrairu. A cikin zuriyar dabbobi guda akwai ƙwatanda ya kai 6.

Mako guda bayan haihuwar, mace fara estrus, kuma za a iya hadu.

An haife yara a cikin gida, wanda yake cikin rami na itace. An haife su makaho, marasa taimako kuma an rufe su da gashi mai laushi mai laushi. Yawan nauyinsu shine 30-40 g .. A makonni 7-8, idanunsu a buɗe. A cikin watanni na biyu da na uku, ulu mai launin toka ya sami launi mai launi ko launin ruwan cakulan.

Ciyar da madara na tsawon makonni 8-10, amma in babu isasshen abincin abinci zai iya shimfiɗa don wani makonni 3-4. Adolesan shekaru huɗu da haihuwa sun riga sun haɓaka sosai kuma sun fara shiga cikin farauta. A watanni 5-6, sun sami dukkan ƙwarewar da ake buƙata don rayuwa mai zaman kanta da rabuwa da mahaifiyarsu.

Bayanin

Tsawon jikin manya, dangane da jinsi da na mace, ya kama daga 75 zuwa 120 cm, sannan wutsiya 31-41 cm .. Girman 2000-5500 g. Matan suna da ƙanana da haske fiye da maza. Jawo a baya da ciki ya kai tsawon 3-7 cm.

Launi ya bambanta daga launin ruwan kasa mai duhu zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai ruwan sanyi. Yankin makogwaro ya kasance da fari, kuma nape launin ruwan kasa ne. Jawo ya ƙunshi kayan mara nauyi da gashi mara nauyi.

Hannun gajeru amma masu ƙarfi, wanda aka daidaita don motsi a cikin dusar ƙanƙara. Akwai yatsu 5 a kan paws tare da farkakke zage zage. Akwai hakora 38 a cikin bakin. Shedding yana farawa a ƙarshen bazara kuma ya ƙare a watan Nuwamba ko Disamba.

Martine Pine ya kwashe shekaru 8 yana zaune a cikin daji. A cikin bauta, tare da kyakkyawar kulawa, tana rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 12-14.

Habitat

Marten angler daga cikin dazuzzukan Arewacin Amurka, daga tsaunin Sierra Nevada da ke California zuwa dutsen Appalachian da ke Yammacin Virginia, sun fi so su tsaya kan dazuzzuka masu dimbin yawa. Ilka yakan zauna akan itace, fir, thuja da wasu bishiyoyi masu lalacewa. A cikin hunturu, sau da yawa suna zama cikin burrows, wani lokacin ma su tono su a dusar ƙanƙara. Ilki nimily hau kan bishiyoyi, amma yawanci tafiya tare da ƙasa. Suna da ƙarfi a kowane lokaci, suna jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa ɗaya.