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Daga gidan gaba daya Vari na lemurs - mafi girma. Ba kamar sauran lemurs ba, tsawon wutsiya kusan daidai yake da tsawon jikin - kimanin cm 60. Sun fito a cikin kyakkyawan kyakkyawan launi: babban launi yana da ja tare da farin tabo a wuyansa da baƙar fata da wutsiya. Gashin ya fi tsayi a gefan kai, yana yin “zano”. Matsayin alamomi daban-daban kuma yana iya bambanta sosai tsakanin mutane daban-daban. Hagu na hind ya fi gaban girma.

Waɗannan dabbobin suna zama a cikin dazuzzukan kurmi na gabashin bakin tekun Madagascar.

Jagoran rayuwa. Groupsungiyoyin iyali suna riƙe su, wanda ya ƙunshi mutane 2 zuwa 5. A cikin rukuni, mata sun fi rinjaye. Sun bata lokaci mai yawa wajan girke-girke, musamman sanya ido a kai. A yatsan hannun dama na biyu itace yatsu wanda yashafa kwalliya da Jawo. Sun fi son manyan rassan bishiyoyi a kwance, inda suke motsawa cikin sauri da sauri, suna sarrafa wutsiya a matsayin ma'auni.

An fassara kalmar "lemur" a matsayin "ruhun mamaci". Waɗannan su ne masu matukar ƙauna, da rabin birai suka saba wa mutane. Amma yana da kyau a tsokanar da fushin su, saboda wadannan halittu masu kwalliya da masu tawali’u sun fashe da hayaniya, ba zato ba tsammani ga irin wadannan kyawawan dabbobi.

Lemurs irin su a watan Yuni - Yuli. Ciki yakan cika kwana 90-102, sa’annan daga haihuwa 1 zuwa shida (yawancinsu 2) ake haihuwa. Har mako biyu zuwa uku, sun manne wa mahaifar mahaifiyar, sannan kuma su hau kan ta ta baya. A wata shida suka zama masu 'yanci, kuma a watanni 18 zuwa 20 sun kai ga balaga.

Mafi yawan aiki da rana. 'Ya'yan lemun tsami suna cikin fig, ayaba, da wasu fruitsya andyan itãcen marmari, kuma ganye da fure.

An jera jinsunan a cikin Littafin Layi na Duniya.

Lemurs masu dafa abinci guda biyu sun isa Chelyabinsk Zoo daga St. Petersburg. Sun mamaye ɗayan ɓoye cikin bayanan "Tropical World". Waɗannan dabbobi ne masu ƙauna da sha'awa, waɗanda suke da ban sha'awa.

Red lemur daban-daban

Red lemur var (ko launin ja) yana zaune a cikin wani yanayi mai faɗi a yankin arewa maso gabashin Madagascar. Wannan lemur shima ana kiranta ruwan lemo mai launin ja.

Bugu da kari, bambamcin ruwan lemurs suna zaune a gabashin yankin Kogin Antainambalan. Kogin wani yanki ne na yau da kullun don sake fasalin masu ruwan lemurs da mamayewa na mazaunin baƙi da farin lemurs.

Ingeraurawar ingeraura (Varecia rubra).

Tsawon jikin jikin ruwan lemur ya kusan santimita 55, kuma an haɗa wani wutsiya, santimita 60 a cikin wannan tsayin. Manya suna da nauyin kilogram 3.5 zuwa 4.5.

Lemurs na giya mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, yayin da kirji, goshi, wutsiya da kuma bangarorin ciki ƙafafun baƙi ne. A baya na wuyan, akwai farin tabo, wanda shine sifofi iri iri na wannan nau'in.

Red (ja) bamban - lemurs daga kusan. Madagascar

Maza na iya kasancewa daidai da na mace, ko kuma na iya ƙima da su. Gsarfi a cikin mazan suna da matsakaici a girma. Mata sun mamaye maza. Maza manya gwargwadon dangantakar alaƙa suna ƙarƙashin mace, yayin da mata, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba sa nuna zalunci ga maza.

Red lemurs na bambancin suna zaune a cikin iyalan 2-16 mutane. Mafi sau da yawa, yawan membobin gidan shine 2-5 lemurs. Kowane rukuni yana zaune a matsayin nasa na kashin kansa, ba a yarda baƙi su shiga wannan yankin ba, duk membobin rukuni suna kiyaye iyakokin. Dangane da baƙi, jan lemurs yana nuna tashin hankali.

Vari sune mahimman lemurs.

Mafi yawan lokuta, waɗannan lemurs suna shiru, amma idan suna cikin haɗari, sukan yi ihu da ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Wakilan 'yan uwa guda suna magana da juna kuma sun fahimci danginsu da kyau, alal misali, za su iya ba da alamar haɗari ko kuma kira wani daga ƙungiyar. Waɗannan dabbobin suna da nau'ikan alamun sauti iri 12.

Abokan halitta mahaɗan sune gaggafa, macizai da dabbobi iri-iri. Abincin jan lemurs ya ƙunshi 'ya'yan itatuwa, ganye, harbe da ƙwaya ciyawar tsire-tsire. Yawancin rayuwar dafa abinci ana kashe su akan bishiyoyi. A lokutan bushewa, membobin rukunin sun watsu cikin manyan yankuna da samun abinci, kuma a lokacin damina duk matan sun taru a ƙungiya guda.

Red brews ne herbivorous.

Balagagge a cikin jan lemurs Biya na faruwa a shekaru 2. The mating lokacin faruwa a watan Mayu-Yuli. Lokacin lokacin haihuwar yana cika kwana 90-102. Har zuwa jarirai 6 suna iya fitowa lokaci guda, amma, a matsayinka na mata, mace ta haihu bai wuce ɗiya uku ba. Cook lemurs shine kawai farkon da ke haihuwar ɗimbin ataya a lokaci guda. Mace na iya ciyar da ofa ofan jarirai 6, kamar yadda take da ma'aurata shida.

Ba kamar theiran’uwansu ba, keɓaɓɓen lemur basa ɗaukar theiranyensu a bayansu lokacin da suke ciyar da su. 'Ya'yan ya kasance a cikin mafaka na musamman waɗanda mata suke yi daga ganyayyaki. Mace suna yin irin wannan gida a kan rassan itace, kuma suna rufaffen ƙasa da gashin su. Yara ba za su iya riƙe gashin mahaifiyarsu da hannayensu ba, don haka idan akwai buƙatar motsawa, mace tana jujjuya su a haƙoranta kamar cat.

Ya bambanta da shekara 20.

A mafi yawancin jinsunan magabata, duk membobin kungiyar nan da nan zasu fara sadarwa tare da jarirai, amma bambancin mace mai launin ruwan lemur bai yarda kowa ya ɗan yi kusan wata biyu ba. Yayin shekaru 20, jariran zasu iya tafiya tare da wasu mambobin kungiyar. Ba su bar mahaifiyarsu ba, sabili da haka, suna koya koya asirin rayuwa.

Lem, kamar dukkan magabatan gari, suna haɓaka gashin junan su, ta wannan hanyar suna nuna juyayi ga yan uwa. Red lemurs suna neman parasites ba tare da yatsunsu ba, amma tare da ƙananan hakora, suna amfani da su azaman tsefe.

A cikin yanayi, jan varieur lemurs yana zaune a matsakaicin shekaru 15-20. Wannan yawan yana cikin haɗari, saboda haka an jera masu kiwo a cikin Littafin nan Red.

Idan kun sami kuskure, da fatan za selecti yanki na rubutu kuma latsa Ctrl + Shigar.

Halayen jiki

Lemurs na bambance-bambancen sune manyan membobi na dangin lemur, tare da wannan nau'in shine mafi girma daga cikin biyun. Suna yin nauyin kilogiram 3.3-3.6 (fam 7.3-7.9). Suna da kusan 53 cm (inci 21) tsawo, tare da 60 cm (inci 24) na wutsiya. Mace sun ɗan girma fiye da maza. Suna da tsoffin jikin da kafafu masu tsayi. Ruwan lemo masu dafa abinci suna da kunkuntar ƙanƙara tare da ƙananan kunnuwa, waɗanda wasu lokuta gashinsu ke ɓoye. Suna kulawa da kansu ta amfani da tsefe akai-akai.

Kamar yadda aka ba da shawarar sunan su, suna da tsatsa-launi da launin fata. Kawunansu, ciki, wutsiyoyi, kafafunsu da kuma ƙafafun ƙafafunsu baƙi ne. Suna da farin tabo a bayan wuyan, kuma yana iya samun alamun farin a kafafu ko bakin.

Halayyar

Cookanƙarar dafa ɗan kwalliya dabba ce mai tsabta kuma tana ciyar da lokaci mai yawa don kula da kansa da kuma kula da jama'a. Isarshen ƙananan incisors (hakora na gaba) da maƙulli a kan yatsun kafa na biyu na hind kafaɗɗunsu suna dacewa da wannan halin. Incarshen ƙananan incisors suna girma gaba cikin layi tare da juna kuma tare da ƙarami rata. Wannan yana haifar da haɗuwa akai-akai wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don doguwar dogo, mai taushi. Hakanan ana amfani da Claw don kulawa da gashi.

Ja-kai mai kai tsaye yana rayuwa shekaru 15-20 a cikin daji. A cikin bauta, shekaru 25 ba a saba ba ne, mutum ya rayu tsawon shekaru 33. Wannan dabba ce ta yau da kullun, kuma ya fi aiki da safe da maraice.

Tsarin zamantakewa

Wannan Primate, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana zaune a cikin ƙananan, ƙungiyoyi matriarchal na mutane 2-16, amma an tsara girman rukuni har zuwa 32. Abincinsa ya ƙunshi ofya fruitsyan itace, ƙwaya da fure. Ganyayyaki da tsaba za a iya cinye lokacin da 'ya'yan itacen suka ƙaru. Red lemurs brews wani lokacin sukanyi manyan kungiyoyi yayin damana, lokacin abinci yayi yawa. Dukkanin zasu sami tushen abinci guda ɗaya kuma dabbobin tare. A lokacin rani sukan rabuwa su nemi abinci da kansu lokacin da 'ya'yan itacen suka yi ƙarancin gaske. Wannan sabon hali, kamar sauran lemurs, za su kasance tare tare da haɓaka cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi har ma a lokacin rani. Karatuttukan cikin ƙasa sun nuna cewa jan Warm lemurs, kamar baƙi da fari na lemurs, ana iya samunsu cikin nau'i biyu ko kuma a cikin kananan kungiyoyi. Mutanen da ke cikin gandun daji suna ta yin kira ta hanyar kararrawa masu kara daga nesa nesa ba kusa ba.

Kiwo da haihuwa

Gwargwadon launin ja ya kai ga balaga tun yana dan kimanin shekaru 2, da fara haihuwar kimanin shekaru 3. Ba kamar sauran sauran magabatan gari ba, mata suna ajiye yaransu a mazaunin nisan mita 10-20 sama da zurfin gandun daji, waɗanda aka yi da rassa, ganye, vines da fur. Kamar kowane lemurs da yawancin dabbobi masu Madagascar, tana da lokacin ƙayyade lokacin kiwo, wanda ke faruwa a ƙarshen lokacin rani (daga Mayu zuwa Yuli). Yana da haka saurayi za a iya haihuwar shi a lokacin damana lokacin da za'a sami ƙarin abinci. Lemar lemon ita ce kawai farkon da ke da digiri na yara, kuma, bayan lokacin haihuwar na kwanaki 102, mace na iya haihuwar shida, kodayake biyu ko uku sun fi kama. Jarirai suna da fur da gani, amma tunda ba za su iya motsawa ba, mace na barin su a cikin gida har sai sun cika makonni bakwai. Mata na iya yiwa jarirai kusan shida a lokaci guda. Ba a bunƙasa jariri na jarirai mai tasowa sosai yayin haihuwa kamar yadda sauran lemurs suke. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda masu jan kafa suna da gajeren lokacin daukar ciki. A haihuwa, yara basa iya rike mahaifiyarsu. Idan ta motsa jarirai, sai ta dauke su daya bayan daya. Iyaye mata yawanci suna motsa ɗansu daga gida a mako guda ko biyu. Lokacin da ta ciyar da ita, sai ta bar yaranta a wata bishiyar kusa. A cikin 'yan kwanaki bayan ta haihu, idan mahaifiyar ta bar gida, mahaifin zai kasance a tsare. Hayan daji da haihuwa yakan faru ne a watanni hudu. An kiyasta cewa kashi 65% na matasa ba su cika watanni uku da haihuwa ba, kuma galibi suna mutuwa sakamakon faɗuwa daga bishiyoyi.

Matsayin Kariya

Jerin Rukunin IUCN ya bayyana cewa jan goshi yana cikin hadarin lalata. Rashin giciye, wuraren ƙonewa, kekuna, hakar ma'adanan, farauta, da fataucin dabbobi sune babban barazanar. Suna kuma da magabatan gari irin su manyan macizai, gaggafa, da rami. Halittar Masual a 1997 ya taimaka kare wannan nau'in, amma yawancin lambobi masu launin ja da yawa ba sa zama a cikin iyakokin wuraren shakatawa, kuma har yanzu suna cikin hatsarin gaske.

Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa suna cikin haɗarin halaka tare da raguwa a cikin yawan daji. Rashin ciyawar haramtacciyar hanya ta ƙaru tun daga 2009, wanda ya haifar da raguwar mazaunin gandun daji. Yawan mutanen da aka kamara na variera ja lemurs shine dabbobi 590. An aika da yawan masu ruwan lemurs iri daban-daban ga tsarin rayuwa. Wasu daga cikin waɗannan zoos suna aiki tare da juna a cikin kiwo da kulawa da yawan fursunoni. Don hana allurar rigakafi, an shigar da dabbobin da aka kama da su cikin shirin kiwo.

A cikin wanene gidan namu yake wakilta:

Habitat

Red Fluffy lemurs, mafi girma daga abubuwan lemurs, ana samun su ne kawai a cikin gandun dajin na Masoala National Park a arewa maso gabashin Madagascar. Yanke shawara a cikin bishiyoyi don gungun mutane kusan 15-20.

Abinci mai gina jiki

Suna ciyar da 'ya'yan itatuwa, ganye, shootsan itace. Fiye da ake so - fig.

Abubuwan ban sha'awa

Vari wani ɓangare ne na yanki mai cike da rigar-nosed, mafi tsufa akan duniya. Ruwan tafasa yau yana fuskantar barazanar halaka. Lalacewar mazaunin halitta, haɓaka masana'antu, farauta da cinikin ba bisa ka'ida ba sune babbar barazanar kasancewar halittar. Hakanan akwai abokan gaba na halitta: burbushin, gaggafa da iska.

Taimaka ma dabbobi masu gidan dabbobi "White Kangaroo"

Abokai ƙaunatattu, Zoo ɗinmu "White Kangaroo" tsawon shekaru 5 suna ba da farin ciki na sadarwa tare da dabbobin mu zuwa gare ku da kuma ƙaunatattunku.

Gudummawar kowannenmu a cikin yakar yaduwar kwayar cutar ta kashin kai ce. Saboda haka, gidajenmu an rufe su sama da wata daya, saboda keɓe masu ƙarfi. Muna da mawuyacin hali. Kuɗi don adana dabbobi ba su da wahala sosai, don haka muke tilasta mana duk neman taimako.

Zaku iya ba da gudummawa kowane adadin ko dai sayi tikiti na bude ranar budewa. Dukkanda aka samu daga siyar da tikiti da tarin abubuwan taimako zasu je ciyar da dabbobi da albashi ga ma’aikatan da basu kulawa da kansu. Duk tikiti da aka saya zasu iya aiki har zuwa ƙarshen 2020.

Muna matukar fatan cewa lamarin zai inganta ba da dadewa ba kuma zaku iya zuwa ku ziyarce mu. Teamungiyarmu da dukkanin dabbobinmu zasuyi godiya a gare ku saboda kowane tallafi!

Igor Akimushkin. Duniyar dabbobi. Juz'i na 2

Dukkanin lemurs na gaskiya suna da busasshen wutsiyoyi masu launi iri ɗaya. Sai kawai a katta wutsiya ana ɗaukar zoben tare da zoben fari da fari. A cikin asalin halittar lemurs, akwai wasu karin jinsuna guda biyar, dukkansu suna rayuwa ne akan bishiyoyi, kuma katta a doron kasa kuma gaba daya suna guje wa gandun daji da bishiyoyi, sun fifita su da wurare masu tuddai na Kudancin Madagascar. Rayuwarsa galibi birgewa ce, kamar yadda, kwatsam, haka lamarin yake ga sauran wakilan halittun sa, ban da bambancin lemur, wanda, da alama, su ma guda ne kacal daga cikin su ke gina gida.

Duk lemurs a hanya ɗaya ko wata alama da iyakokin abubuwan da suka mallaka. Wasu suna yi kamar ƙanƙan da wuta, wasu suna aikatawa daban. Misali, lemur baki. Yana da glandan gyada da yawa a cikin tafin hannu da hannayensa, kuma yana marmarin toshe rassan bishiyoyin da dabbobin sa.

Kowace garken baƙi masu baƙar fata tana da nasa yankunan ciyarwa. Idan makwabta suka keta dokar su, duk masu hakkin mallaka nan da nan suna sauri don kare kan iyakokin su. Hayaniya, kururuwa, birkiɗi sananne ne a cikin irin wannan rikice-rikicen kan iyaka. Amma wuraren zama dare, koyaushe a wuri ɗaya suke, suna gama gari tsakanin mutane da yawa irin waɗannan rukunoni waɗanda ke yin yaƙi da juna da rana. Kowane garke yakan zo wurinsa, yana shela dazuzzuka masu ihu da kan hanya, kuma da wayewar gari sai ya tafi haka. Gashi wata mace farar fata ce wacce ta fi kowanne girma a bayanta, a bayanta a kirjin sauran. Yunkurin motsi na shafi ko dai yana haɓaka ko ya sassauta, waɗanda ke kwance a baya, kuma koyaushe za a yi, tsawa cikin fushi, neman a jira su. Yawancin lokaci yara basa zama a baya. Kuma tare da yara, kowa a cikin fakitin yana da ladabi da kulawa. Ko dai nasu ne, ko kuma baƙi, ana kula da su, an sanya su, an lasafta su.

Sakamakon farar fata da aka sa mata-fari, an sami rashin fahimta game da rayuwar dabbobi. Mazajen waɗannan lemurs masu launin ruwan kasa-baki ne, kuma mace tana da ja tare da fararen gashin baki, masu magana da ƙara daidai. Da farko an yanke hukuncin cewa duka dabbobi ne na halittu daban-daban.

A kan bishiyoyi baƙi, ko macaque, lemurs yayi tsalle tsalle-tsalle takwas-takwas kuma suna gudu cikin ganyayyaki kamar tsuntsaye! Lokacin da tsuntsayen da ke farauta suna bin su da kansu, lemurs baki sukan ceci kansu kamar damtsan da ke tashi daga ƙwanƙolin gwaje-gwaje: suna faɗuwa daga tsayin bishiyar ƙasa, walƙiya tana ratsa ƙananan rassa da zurfin ƙasa, sannan - a ƙasa ta cikin ƙaƙƙarfan daji zuwa bishiya mai nisa zuwa gaba tare da kololuwa.

Kuma lemur yana da ban sha'awa. Yana da tankuna masu kauri da kauri a wuyansa. Kuma ulu yana da ban mamaki mai yawa ga mazaunin tropics, don haka mai yawa cewa kogunan ruwa ba su huda shi. An fentin shi da kyau: a wasu launin fata, fararen baƙi da fari, a cikin wasu - ja-baki. Yana zaune a cikin gandun daji masu tsayi a arewacin tsibirin.

Lemur katta. Kadaitaccen lemur tare da baki da fari da wutsiya wutsiya.

Bambancin dabbobin daji ne kawai na asalin tsararraki masu halakarwa. Kuma shi kadai ne yake gina burtsatse. Matar, kafin a haife san ta, tana zubar da ulu a gefenta kuma ta yi sheka da ita. Uwar jariri ta sanya, kamar bel, a saman ciki, daga baya a baya.

Wutsiyar Katta shine babban kayan bayanan: kamar tutar baki da fari da aka zana, aka ɗeba, tana fifita sahabbai na Katta.Lokacin da katta ke jagoranci "tutar" a cikin al theiramarinsu, sai su tsarkakakke, ba tare da gamsuwa ba. Amma yawanci farkon "hira" ana gab da bushewa da wutsiyar wutsiya. Kisa shi a karkashinsa ya kuma bar shi ya shiga karkashin ciki tsakanin dukkan paws hudu, katta yana matse karshen wutsiya zuwa ga bangarorin ciki na dama da hagu. Rubs da gland wanda aka alamta dashi ta fuskoki masu zafi. Bayan an gurguntar da wutsiyar, sai ya dauke shi da farko sama da kai, kuma yana murza shi, kamar yana cire kamshin da wutsiyar ya samu a cikin iska, yayi barke, ya tsarkaka, a fili.

Yana tsaye a kan kafafunsa na baya, katta ya kawo wutsiya zuwa gaba kuma, yana lanƙwasa hannun dama ko hagu na gaba gare shi, ya sake yankan wutsiyarsa. Ya dauko ganye, gishirin daga ƙasa kuma, ta matsa su zuwa glandon iri ɗaya, yana shafa shi da motsi mai kaifi. Daga nan sai ya shafa a jikin rassan tare da gabobin hancin kafafun hannu, kafafun kafa da tsinkaye, wanda Katt shima yake da shi.

Katta yana yawo cikin ƙasa, yana mai ɗora kyawawan wutsiyar wic dinta a bayan sa. Ana cin ayaba ta daji da ɓaure a ɓoye domin kada su datti fur. Auke shi a cikin motsinsa, sai ya narke kwasfa tare da haƙoransa, sannan, yana jujjuya kansa don ruwan 'ya'yan itace ya kwarara kai tsaye zuwa bakin kuma kada ya lalata furcin, yana cin' ya'yan itacen da aka ɗora. Yana son yin kwanduna, "ranabat" a cikin rana, zaune akan dutse yana shimfiɗa ƙafa huɗu da wutsiya. Tsarin dabbar dabbar yana da kyau kuma yana da kyau kwarai: ya tsinkaye mita uku, kamar ƙwallan roba, ba tare da wahala ba.

Vari, kamar katta, purrs, meows lokacin da kwanciyar hankalinsa bai fashe ba. Amma, cikin farin ciki ko firgita, ya fice daga irin wannan mummunan kururuwa da kururuwa wanda sanyi ya ratsa har ma da mai sauraro nesa. Lokacin da ba zato ba tsammani sun yanke shawara su yi kururuwa a cikin wuraren zango, matsala ta faru da baƙi masu juyayi. A cikin gandun daji na daji, ana ƙarfafa shi, ana maimaita shi akai-akai, sautin ringin muryoyi / musamman eerie.

Saboda wadannan kukan-zuciya da hanyar zuwa gushewa da rana da safe tare da shimfiɗa hannaye da makoki na fuskantar rana (a wurin addu'ar), Malgas ɗin sun ɗauki wannan rabin biri mai bautar rana ne.

Sun ji tsoro kuma ba su fusatar da mai dafa ba. Kuma ana amfani dasu da rashin tsoratar da mutane. A zamanin yau, wayewar kai da ilimi sun sami 'yanci daga tsofaffin camfi, kuma sharar gida sun rasa tsohuwar “takardar shaidar kariya”. Don haka baƙon abu ne kuma daban-daban yadda jin daɗin rayuwa ko mutuwar dabbobi ya dogara da tsohuwar gaskata mutum a cikin allahntaka.

Karin Bram Tsarin Rayuwa na Dabbobi Na Dabbobi masu shayarwa

Yawancin tsoffin halittun halitta sun gani a cikin dabbobin cewa yanzu muna nazarin ainihin birai sabili da haka mun haɗa su tare da na ƙarshe a tsari ɗaya: mu, akasin haka, mun bambanta rabin birai azaman tsari na 'yanci, tunda waɗannan dabbobin suna da ɗan kamanni da birai a tsarin jiki, da kuma tsarin hakora. Hatta sunan mutane masu dauke da makamai, galibi ana amfani da su ne da birai, ana iya zama lemur, saboda bambanci tsakanin hannayensu da kafafunsu ba shi da wata ma'ana da birai. A ra'ayinmu, ya zama dole mu kalli lemurs a matsayin matsakaicin canji daga birai zuwa marsupials, ko kuma a matsayin zuriyar wasu dabbobi da ba a san su ba, da ke da alaƙa da magabata, a kowane hali, ba za a iya danganta su da birai ba.

Hagu na kafafu ya kasance mafi yawan tsayi sosai fiye da na gaba kuma galibi suna da girma a jiki. Etaƙwalwa a cikin wasu nau'in sunada gajeru, a cikin wasu, akasin haka, sun bambanta da tsayi. Girman wutsiya ya kuma bambanta: a cikin lemurs da yawa yana da tsawo fiye da jiki, a cikin wasu yakan wuce zuwa cikin tsarin da ba a iya gani, wasu kuma an lullube shi da gashi, a wasu kuma kusan tsirara ne. Manyan idanu, sun dace da hangen nesa a cikin duhun duhu, ingantaccen kayan haɓaka, wani lokacin membranous, wani lokacin an rufe shi da gashi, da taushi, mai kauri, ƙanƙan daɗi, wanda aka maye gurbinsa da gashi mai ƙyalli a cikin wasu manyan birai a matsayin keɓance, ya bambanta lemurs kamar maraice ko dabbobin daji. Hakoran waɗannan dabbobi, dangane da matsayin su, da sifa da lambarta, sun bambanta da birai. Ana bambanta kwanyar ta hanyar zagaye na ƙarfi, naƙasasshe amma ƙanƙanrun fuskoki da manyan ramuka na ido, kusa da juna, tare da ƙasusuwa a cikin da'ira. Koyaya, ɓoyayyen idanu baya wakiltar shinge na ƙarewa, amma an haɗa su ta hanyar buɗewa zuwa ramin na wani lokaci.

An raba abubuwan hawa Semi-apes zuwa gida 3: na farkon, mafi yawa, masu lemurs da kansu (dangin Lemuridae) suna, sauran biyun na dangi. Tarsidae (tarsiers) da wannan. Leptodactyla (makamai) - yi ido 1 kawai.

Romawa sun kira rayukan matattu na lemurs, wanda kyawawan mutane suka tsare dangi da gida a cikin hanyar Larai, da mugunta, a cikin yawo da mugayen fatalwowi, sun dame rayukan talakawa. Amma ilimin kimiya na zamani yana nufin da wannan sunan, dukda cewa akwai bayanan ɓarna, amma ba kwata-kwata ba, amma dabbobi masu nama da jini suna da kyan gani ko ƙima. Wadannan lemurs suna wakiltar, don haka, magana, shine tushen duk abubuwan da muke tuɓewa waɗanda muke aiki yanzu, wani ɗangi daban wanda ya watse cikin abubuwa da yawa da kuma jinsuna. Amma game da sifofin lemurs, wannan iyali ya hada da duk halayen dabbobi na duka tsari kawai da muka ruwaito daga gare mu, tun da sauran dangin na rabin-birai bambanta da muhimmanci daga lemurs kansu kawai a hakora, tsarin makamai da kafafu, da kuma a cikin gashi.

Babban mazaunin wuraren wasannin leme shine tsibirin Madagascar da tsibiran makwabta, baya ga haka, sun fito ne daga Afirka, suna yaduwa a duk tsakiyar tsakiyar wannan bangare na duniya, daga gabas zuwa gabar yamma, kuma 'yan kalilan ne kawai ke rayuwa a Indiya da kuma tsibirin Sunda. Amma ba tare da togiya ba, duk nau'in dangin lemur suna zaune a cikin gandun daji, sun fi son gandun daji mara iyaka wanda yake da wadataccen 'ya'yan itatuwa da kwari ga wasu. Duk da cewa ba sa guje wa mutane kai tsaye, amma ba sa neman mutane. Kasancewa mafi yawan dabbobi ko marasa galihu, lemurs, kamar sauran membobin ƙungiyar su gaba ɗaya, hawa zuwa cikin wurare mafi duhu na gandun daji ko cikin ramin bishiyoyi a lokacin da rana kuma kuyi barci a can, makarkata ko kuma rungumewa. A lokaci guda, sautinsu suna da kama sosai: su ko dai su zauna a kan kafafunsu na kafaɗa, suna manne da reshe da hannuwansu kuma suna saƙa da kawunansu ƙasa ƙasa a tsakanin makusantan hannu kuma suna haɗa kawunansu da kafaɗa a wutsiya, ko kuma suna haɗawa cikin nau'i-nau'i, suna haɗa juna da wutsiyoyinsu da ƙarfi har sai sun ƙirƙira. kwallon: idan kun rikita irin wannan kwallon fur, to ba zato ba tsammani kawuna biyu sun balle daga shi, wanda tare da manyan, idanu masu ban mamaki suna kallon masu cin zarafin zaman lafiyarsu.

Barcin lemurs yana da hankali sosai. Yawancinsu suna farkawa ne ta hanyar fashewar tashi mai tashi da guguwar fashewa: kunnuwansu kuma sun tashi, manyan idanunsu suna bacci suna kallo, amma na ɗan lokaci, tunda waɗannan dabbobin suna matukar tsoron hasken rana. Dukkanin rana ba su ganuwa kwata-kwata, kuma kawai tare da farawar duhun dare aikinsu yana farawa. Nan da nan za su rayu, su tsabtace da taushi da fur, suna yin sauti da sauti mara kyau, sannan za su tafi neman ganima ta filayen farauta ta jirgin sama. Daga nan sai rayuwa ta bambanta ga kowane nau'in nau'in lemur.

Yawancin jinsuna suna fitar da kururuwar da zata iya cika mai farawa da tsoro, kamar yadda tayi kama da hayaniyar dabbobin da ke da haɗari, alal misali, zaki. Wannan tsawa mai kaifi yana nuna alama, a wasu lemurs, kamar wasu dabbobi, farkon aikinsu na dare, bayan haka suna zagaya wuraren da aka tsara su don farauta ko kuma wajen makiyaya tare da irin wannan motsi, lalatacciya da tasirin da ba za a yi tsammani da shi ba. wurin nutsuwarsu da rana. Sa’annan su, wataƙila, har ma sun fi birrai cikin fasaha ta hawa, tsalle da karkatarwa.

Cikakken sabanin wannan shine wanda wasu wakilan dangin lemur ke yi: a hankali, a takaice, a hankali suna tsinkewa daga reshe zuwa reshe, manyan idanunsu zagaye suna haske da maraice kamar hura wutar wuta, motsin su sunyi shuru kuma da gangan ne wanda har kunnen mai hankali ba zai iya ɗaukar sauti ɗaya ba. , wanda zai nuna kasancewar wata halitta mai rai. Bone ya tabbata ga tsuntsu mai bacci mai sakaci, wanda wannan safiya zai firgita! Babu wani Ba’amurke da ya saci jiki cikin nutsuwa tare da bin hanyar soja - babu ɓarna da zubar da jini da ya kusanci magabci da mummunar niyya fiye da lemur lomy ga abincinsa na bacci. Ba tare da wata hayaniya ba, kusan ba tare da motsi bayyane ba, ya sake shirya kafa ɗaya bayan ɗayan kuma ya kusanci hanyoyin har sai da ya kai ga wanda aka cutar da shi. Sannan, tare da taka tsantsan da shuru, sai ya ɗaga hannu ɗaya kuma yayi shuru a hankali har sai da ya kusan taɓa matar da take bacci. Daga qarshe, akwai wani motsi da sauri har ido yayi wuya ya riske shi, kuma kafin tsuntsun mai bacci yayi tunanin kasancewar babban abokin gaba, an riga an tsage shi kuma an tsage shi. Ba wanda zai iya kwatanta irin wadatar zuci da, ga alama, marasa lahani huɗu ne masu cinye dabbobi da aka yanka! Duk kajin da ƙwayayen za su mutu, kamar tsuntsu mai bacci, idan loya kawai yake buɗe su.

Abun iyawa na ruhaniya basu da mahimmanci, kaɗan ne daga cikinsu suke yin farin ciki ban da wannan. Dukkansu masu tsoro, matsoraci, kodayake suna da karfin gwiwa don kare kansu lokacin da aka kama su. Kasancewar sun saba da mutane, sun zama masu dogaro ga wani amintacce, suna nuna tawali'u, cikin salama da kyautatawa, amma da wuya su daina nuna rashin jin daɗinsu. Wasu nau'ikan lemurs, koyaya, suna iya sasantawa cikin sauƙi tare da asarar 'yancin su tare da mika wuya ga mutumin da ya saba da ko da sanannun ayyuka, misali, farautar wasu dabbobi. Speciesabilar mara magana, a akasin wannan, yana kasancewa cikin fursuna mai aminci ga halinsa na yau da kullun, yana fushi idan ya damu, kuma daɗaɗa koya koyon bambanta kulawa da su daga wasu mutanen da basu da amana.

Mafi tsayi da kuma ci gaban dukkan lemurs shine Indri (Lichanotus), wanda ake kira Madagass Babacoto. Shahararren shahararrun indriyas biyu da aka samo zuwa yanzu, lichanotus brevicaudatus ya kai tsawon ƙafa 2. Kwanakin 91/2, wanda baikai 1 inch (2.5 cm) ya kamata a danganta ga wutsiyar ba. Shugaban matsakaici yana da kaifi mai nauyi, ƙananan idanu da kunnuwa iri ɗaya, kusan an ɓoye gaba ɗaya cikin gashi. Dukkanin jikin, gaba da wata gabar jiki, wanda aka san shi da babban cizon yatsa, an rufe shi da furfura mai kauri. Goshin goshi, kambi, makogwaro, yankin sacral, wutsiya, ƙananan gefen cinya, sheqa da bangarorin fararen fata ne, kunnuwa, ƙugiya, kafadu, goshin hannu da hannayensu baki ne, ƙafar baya da ƙafar kafafu sune launin ruwan kasa, gaban gaba na ƙasan ƙafafunsu sunyi duhu.

Madadin m da matsorata, lemurs ana iya kiransa da hankali. Wannan ma'anar ba ta canza launin tabin hankali kuma mafi gaskiya.

Halittar lemurs, ko poppies (Lemur), na iyali ne Lemuridae (Lemuridae).

Ana kiyaye lemun tsami sau da yawa a zaman bauta. Shari'ar rikodin - ɗan lemur mai lemun tsami (Lemur macaco) ya yi rayuwa a cikin gidan shan ruwa na London sama da shekaru 27.

Mafi shahararrun poppies sune bambance bambancen (Lemur varus), jahilcin fur ya rufe da fararen fata da baƙi. A cikin samfurori daban-daban, launin ya bambanta sosai, a ɗayan launin baƙar fata ya rinjayi, a ɗayan fari fari ne. Vari shine ɗayan poppies mafi girma, yana girma tare da babban cat. Koyaya, sauran nau'in basu da ƙasa da shi ta wannan girmamawa. Wani nau'in, catta (L. catta), ana bambanta shi da kyawun fasalinsa da dogayen wutsiyarsa, an rufe shi da fararen fata da baƙi. Coloraƙƙarfan launi na ƙaƙƙarfan laushi, danshi mai danshi mai daci, yana jujjuyawa yanzu ya zama launin toka, sannan ja. Takaddun kunnuwa, kunnuwa da ciki suna a sarari, tukarar muck da kewaye idanun baƙi ne.

Kwanan nan, mai, ko lemur tare da abin wuya, an kasafta shi a cikin jinsin daban - Varecia, tare da nau'in guda ɗaya Varecia variegates. Vari wata babbar dabba ce, a wani lokacin har ta kai girman babban kare. Wutsiyarsa tayi ɗan gajere fiye da jiki.

Lemo mai ruwan zobe - Lemur catta. Ya kasance tare da sifofin lemurs. Wannan lemur ya samo sunansa na farko saboda ƙarfinsa ya zama meow da purr.

Lemur cat yana da halayyar ɗan halin da yake ɗauka don faɗuwa a rana: yana tashi a tsaye, jefa kansa baya, ya shimfiɗa ƙafafunsa da yawa, yana fallasa farin ciki zuwa zafi.

Eman Friedman Tsarin ilimin gargajiya na ban sha'awa

Kamar yadda aka faɗa, sauran mutane sun ƙazantar da magunan, kuma a wurare da yawa ana girmama su har yanzu: a Indiya, Japan, Peru, China, da Madagascar. Wurare kusa da birnin Tamatava a Madagascar suna ɗaukar abin wuya, ko Vari, don dabba mai tsarki. Sun yi imani da cewa wannan biri-biri (varikananda a cikin yaren gida) yana bauta wa Rana kuma yana gabatar da addu'o'i a gare shi kowace safiya. Lokacin da haskoki na farko suka bayyana, tatsuniyar ta ce, varicananda saita, ya shimfida hannayensa zuwa Rana kuma ya dawwama cikin wannan matsayi na dogon lokaci, kamar dai yana ɗaukar ikon murmurewa. A irin wannan matsayi ne ainihin halayyar waɗannan lemurs. Hakanan yana ƙaunar basara kuma ana ɗaukar shi mai tsarki ne a Madagascar, wani rabin biri - Indri.

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