Suriname Pipa - Toad, wanda za'a iya samu a cikin ruwan Amazon a Kudancin Amurka. Wannan nau'in mallakar iyalin Pip ne, aji na amarya. Rogaya daga cikin tsutsotsi tana iya haihuwar zuriyarta a bayansa na kusan watanni uku.
Bayani da fasali na Surinamese Kakakin
Wani salo na musamman na amphibians shine tsarin jikinta. Idan ka duba Hoton Pipa Surinamese, za ku yi tunanin cewa kwaya ta bazata ta fadi a karkashin kankara. Jikin bakin ciki, mai bakin ciki yana kama da tsohon itace kamar wanda yake zaune a rafukan ruwa mai zafi.
Shugaban yana da siffar triangular, kuma yana da laushi, kamar jiki. Eyesanan idanu, marasa ƙusasshen ido, suna sam daga saman tarkon. Sanannen abu ne cewa frogs peeps rasa harshe da hakora. Madadin haka, a kusurwar bakin, yatsar tana da faci na fata kama da tantin.
Hannun goshin suna ƙare da yatsunsu huɗu masu tsini ba tare da kalamu ba, ba tare da membranes ba, kamar yadda ya ke da ƙyanƙyallen fata. Amma an ba da ikon gwiwar kafaffun fayilolin fata mai karfi a tsakanin yatsunsu. Wannan yana bawa dabbar da baƙon abu jin zuciyar ta ƙarƙashin ruwa.
Kasancewa mara kyau mara kyau, yatsunsu masu hankali suna taimakawa peepa kewaya cikin ruwa
Jikin matsakaita ba ya wuce 12 cm, amma akwai kuma ƙattai, tsawonsu na iya kai wa cm 20 Fatar Surinamese Kakuri tana da ƙarfi, tana birgima, wani lokacin ma fiɗaɗɗen baki a bayanta.
Launi ba ya bambanta da launuka masu haske, yawanci launin fatar launin toka ne mai ruwan wuta mai haske, yawancin lokuta tare da madaurin duhu mai duhu yana zuwa zuwa makogwaro yana kewaye wuyan wuyan. Baya ga karancin bayanan bayanan waje, Kakakin “ya baiwa” yanayi mai da wari mai kama da warin hydrogen sulfide.
Rayuwar Surinamese sarki da abinci mai gina jiki
Surinamese Kakakin a cikin tafkunan laka na ɗumi, ba tare da mai ƙarfi ba. Akwai Kakakin Amurkawa a cikin unguwa tare da mutane - a cikin filayen ban ruwa na shuka. Tyarshe silty da aka fi so a matsayin abinci don cutar tafin hannu.
Tare da dogon yatsunsu, kwaya ta kwance ƙasa mai birgima, tana jan abinci cikin bakin ta. Musamman fatar jiki akan goshin ta fuskar asterisks suna taimaka mata a wannan, shine dalilin da yasa ake kiran mai kiran "tauraron dutsen".
Surinamese Kakakin ciyarwa sharan gona da aka haƙa a cikin ƙasa. Zai iya zama yanki na kifi, tsutsotsi da sauran kwari masu wadatar sunadarai.
Duk da gaskiyar cewa kwaɗar ta sami fasalin sifofin dabbobi na ƙasa (fata mai laushi da huhu mai ƙarfi), bututun da alama ba ya fitowa a farfajiya.
Bangaren lokaci ne na lokacin ruwan sama sosai a yankuna na Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia da wasu yankuna na Kudancin Amurka. Sannan manyan yatsun leburori suna tafiya daga cikin ruwa kwata-kwata daga ruwa kuma suna tafiyar daruruwan mitir daga gidan, suna shiga cikin ruwan dazuka masu kauri na dazuzzuka.
Godiya ga fatar mahaifiya, dukkan zuriyar Kakuta koyaushe suna rayuwa
Sake buguwa da tsawon rai
Farkon lokacin ruwa kamar wata alama ce ta farkon lokacin kiwo. Peurins na Surinamese na maza ne, kodayake yana da wahala a rarrabe tsakanin mace da namiji. Namijin yana farawa dan raye ne mai '' waƙa ''.
Ta hanyar buga karamin ƙarfe, cavalier ya bayyana a fili ga mace cewa ya shirya don mating. Tana kusanci da wacce aka zaɓa, macen ta fara jefa ƙwayayen da ba a haɗa ba kai tsaye cikin ruwa. Namiji nan da nan ya fitar da maniyyi, yana ba da sabuwar rayuwa.
Bayan wannan, mahaifiyar da take fata ta nutse har ƙasa kuma tana kama ƙwai a shirye don ci gaba daidai a bayanta. Namiji yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a wannan aikin, a dai-dai rarraba kwai a bayan mace.
Tare da ciki da kafafunsa na baya, yana matse kowane ƙwaya a cikin fata, yana samar da irin sel. Bayan 'yan awanni kadan, gaba dayan frog ɗin ya zama kamar saƙar zuma. Bayan gama aikinsa, mahaifin sakaci ya bar mace tare da zuriya ta gaba. A kan wannan matsayinsa na shugaban iyali ya ƙare.
A cikin hoton, ƙwai ne barkono a haɗe da bayanta
A cikin kwanaki 80 masu zuwa, Pipa zai kasance dauke da qwai a bayanta, yana kama da nau'in kindergarten ta hannu. Don zuriyar dabbobi ɗaya suriname toad yana haɓaka ƙananan tsirrai 100. Dukkan zuriya waɗanda ke bayan mahaifiyar mai jirani suna awo kimanin gram 385. Yarda da, ba nauyi mai sauƙi ba ga irin wannan amintaccen ɗan amshi.
Lokacin da kowace kwai ta zauna a wurin sa, an rufe sashinta na waje da membrane mai dorewa wanda ke yin aikin kariya. Zurfin tantanin halitta ya kai 2 mm.
Kasancewa a jikin uwar, tayi tayi daga jikinta dukkan abincin da ya wajaba domin ci gabanta. Abubuwan da ke cikin “saƙar zuma” suna da wadataccen jini da ke samar da abinci da iskar oxygen.
Bayan makonni 11-12 na kulawa da juna biyu, yara matasa sukanyi fim ta kwayar halittarsu kuma suka shiga duniyar ruwa. Suna da cikakken 'yanci don yin jagorancin rayuwar rayuwa wacce take da kusanci da rayuwar manya.
Matasa peeps suna barin kwayoyinsu
Kodayake an haife jariran daga jikin mahaifiyar da aka kafa, wannan sabon abu ba a ɗauke shi a matsayin "rayuwa ta haihuwa" a ma'anarta ta gaskiya. Qwai yana haɓaka har ma da sauran wakilan 'yan amphibians, bambanci na musamman shine kawai wurin haɓaka sabon ƙarni.
An 'yantar da samari mai zurfi, baya na bututun ruwan yana buƙatar sabuntawa. A saboda wannan, toad yana shafa fatarsa akan duwatsu da algae, ta hanyar zubar da tsohon "wurin yarinyar".
Har zuwa lokacin damuna mai zuwa, epan maraƙin na iya rayuwa don nishaɗi. Yara dabbobin zasu sami damar haifuwa da kansu kawai lokacin da suka kai shekaru 6.
Bayan kwaleji bayan haihuwar kananan yatsun kafa
Kiwo Surinamese Kakakin a gida
Hakanan bayyanar ko ƙanshin ba su hana masoya ɗimbin ɗagawa da wannan dabbar mai ban sha'awa a gida. Kallon aiwatar da ɗaukar larvae da haihuwar ƙananan kwaɗi yana da ban sha'awa ba kawai ga yara ba har ma ga manya.
Domin Pipa ya sami kwanciyar hankali, kuna buƙatar babban akwatin kifaye. Rogaya ɗaya yana buƙatar akalla lita 100 na ruwa. Idan kuna shirin siyan mutane biyu ko uku - ƙara kowane ɗaya daidai.
Ya kamata a shayar da ruwa sosai, don haka kula da irin wannan tsarin oxygenation na akwatin kifaye a gaba. Dole ne a kula da tsarin zafin jiki a hankali. Alamar kada ta kasance sama da 28 C kuma ƙasa da zafi 24 C.
A kasan, kyawawan tsakuwa da yashi galibi ana zuba. Abun wucin gadi ko rayuwa mai rai zai taimaka Suriname toad ya ji a gida. A abinci, bututun ba mai wari bane. A gare su, busasshen abinci don amphibians, har da larvae, earthworms da ƙananan ƙananan kifaye masu rai, sun dace.
Bauta wa abin da mahaifiyar 'yan matan ta yi na abin mamaki mai karfi ne ga marubutan, marubucin yara (da kuma masanin ilmin halitta lokaci) Boris Zakhoder ya sadaukar da ɗayan waƙakan sa ga Surinamese peep. Don haka tsintsiyar nesa da ƙaramar sanannun ya zama sananne ba kawai a Kudancin Amurka ba, har ma a Rasha.
Habitat
Kwayoyin Surinamese suna zaune a cikin Amazon kuma gama gari a cikin wadannan kasashe:
- Kudancin Amurka
- Kasar Peru
- Brazil
- Bolivia.
Pipa ya kwashe rayuwarsa gaba daya a ruwa. Yawancin lokaci waɗannan frogs din suna zaune a cikin ƙananan tafkuna kuma ba sa barin su a duk rayuwarsu. Akwai nau'ikan jinsunan bakwai na Suriname. Matafiya sun ba da rahoton cewa shugabanci yana jagoranci yanayin rayuwa mai nutsuwa, mai ban tsoro. Harsuna suna yawo tare da kasan gandun daji. Hakanan, wasu mutane na wannan nau'in suna rayuwa a cikin canjin ban ruwa, a kan shuka.
Asalin gani da kwatancin
Shugaban murnan yana da fadi da fadi kuma yayi daidai da daidai yake da jikinsa na wannan kwari mai zafi. Idanun suna saman fuska, basu da ƙyalli kuma ƙanana kaɗan. Daya daga cikin abubuwan ban sha'awa na jijiyoyin jiki shine rashin hakora da harshe a cikin wadannan dabbobi. Madadin haka, gabobin abinci suna jujjuyawar fata fata wanda ke cikin sasannin bakin. Suna kama da alfarwar.
Bidiyo: Pipa
Wani muhimmin bambanci daga sauran frogs - kafafu na gaba na wannan amphibian ba su da membranes a ƙarshensu kuma ƙare tare da yatsunsu masu yadu. Kuma abin da ya fi ban mamaki - babu takamaiman bayani a kansu, wanda ke bambanta Surinamese gudoomiyaha daga cikin manyan dabbobi gabaɗaya. Amma a kan kafafu na baya akwai fatar fata, suna da bambanci a cikin ikonsu kuma suna akwai tsakanin yatsunsu. Wadannan jaka-jikan suna sa motsi cikin kwari a cikin ruwa mai karfin gwiwa.
Tsawon jikin Surinamese fadar kusan ba ya wuce cm 20. Ba wuya a lokacin da aka sami manyan mutane wadanda tsawonsu ya kai 22-23 cm. Fatar wannan dabbar tana da wuyar gani kuma tana birgima a cikin tsarinta, wani lokacin zaka iya lura da alamun baƙi a bayanta. Ofaya daga cikin manyan "nasarorin" juyin halitta waɗanda ke ba da damar Surinamese magana ta dace da yanayin muhalli mara laushi ne (sabanin yawancin yawan kuzarin yanayi). Wadannan kwaɗi suna da fatar launin toka-mai-launin fari da ciki mai haske.
Sau da yawa akwai wani duhu mai duhu wanda yake zuwa har zuwa makogwaro yana rufe wuyan kugu, don haka ya zama iyaka akan sa. Kamshin dabba mai daxi, mara dadi mara kyau na wani ɗan dabba mai ɗan kwalliya wanda ya zama abin hanawa ga masu son farautar (ƙanshin "yayi kama da sinadarin hydrogen).
Abinci, Halayyar
Ana ciyar da shi akan shugaban da za'a samu a kasan. Ta yin amfani da goshin, kwaya ta kwance ƙasa, tana ƙoƙarin kama ɗumbin abinci mai gina jiki. Babban nau'in - dutsen Suriname, yana aiki da daddare, baya barin jikin ruwa.
Duk da ƙauna ta musamman ga ruwa, kwaɗin wannan nau'in sunada na huhu da fata numfashihalayyar jinsunan ƙasa.
Maza yayin lokatanta na canjin yanayi suna yin sauti mai ban sha'awa, danna tare da sautin ƙarfe.
Surinamese Kakakin kamar dabbobi
Idan ana so, ana iya kiyaye waɗannan halittun da ba a sani ba a gida kamar dabbobi (ba kowa ne ke son karnuka da kuliyoyi ba). Yana da mahimmanci a samar musu da yanayin da ya dace. Da farko dai buƙaci babban akwatin ruwa mai zurfi da zurfi (fiye da lita ɗari ko biyu). Pipa tana jagoranci rayuwar da ba ta dace ba, saboda haka yana da kyau a wadata mata (su) adadi mafi yawa na “mafaka” da hasken fitila baki ɗaya.
Frogs suna ciyar da kowane irin ƙaramin abu, zaka iya amfani da shi:
- Jinin Jini,
- Girgizar Kasa
- Gudun ruwa
- Hatta ƙananan kifi.
Tsarin ciyarwa yana ɗaukar, a matsakaici, minti goma. Da zaran ta ci, kowane irin sharar gida dole ne a cire shisaboda kada sabon mazaunin akwatin kifayen ya ɗauki kamuwa da cuta.
Don yin ado da akwatin kifaye tare da Surinamese Kakakin a ciki, zaku iya amfani da tsire-tsire na wucin gadi da na hakika, a wannan batun babu hani. Canarshen za a iya yada shi da tsakuwa, ko da yake tawul ɗin zai kasance iri ɗaya ne.
Habitat da mazauninsu
Kuna iya samun Surinamese Kakakin Kudancin Amurka, a cikin Amazon. Yana zaune a Suriname, Peru, Bolivia da wasu ƙasashe da yawa. Wannan 'yar amurka ta gwammace ta zauna a cikin tafki mai santsi ko a tsaye a cikin ruwa mai laka, tare da ƙasan laka. A lokacin damina, lokacin da ruwan Amazon ya zubo kan yankuna masu yawa, Surinamese ya yi balaguro, ya binciko sabbin wurare da ke kewaye da shi.
Bayyanar
Idan kayi kokarin samo Surinamese fada a cikin ruwa, da farko za a iya kuskure domin tsohuwar, takarda da aka sawa, ko dutse mai lebur. Tsarin da sifar jikin wannan amfaniyanci ba sabon abu bane.
Girman wannan amintaccen lokacin yakan kai santimita 20, amma matsakaicin matsakaicin tsayin jiki shine santimita 12. Jikin yayi laushi sosai, yana da sihiri kusa da murabba'i mai kyau, jujjuya jujjuyawar kai ta wani nau'in sigar kwana uku. Bakin Surinamese Kakaki yana da fadi sosai, bashi da, sabanin sauran dangi, harshe da hakora.
Idanun suna ƙanana, ba tare da ƙoshin ido ba, suna zaune kai tsaye sama da bakin, suna ɗaga ido. An bayyana rashin gashin kwayar ido ta dalilin Surinamese Kakakin yana daukar kusan lokaci a ruwa, baya tashi zuwa kasa. Kodayake fatarsa mara nauyi da keɓaɓɓiyar tsarin jiki suna dacewa da rayuwa ta waje da jikin ruwa.
Leafin Surinamese Kakakin ba shi da membranes tsakanin yatsun hannu guda huɗu masu motsi, a ƙarshen ƙarshen akwai ƙusoshin ƙarfi a cikin nau'ikan taurari da yawa.
Legsa'idodin kafafu suna da ƙarfi, haɓaka, kamar sauran kwalaye, tare da membranes. Daidai dacewa don motsi a cikin ruwa. Tsarin ƙafafun gaban yana dacewa da salon rayuwa da kuma hanyar ciyar da wannan 'yar amfaniyanci. Launin fata na Surinamese Kakaki ya yi kama, daga launin toka-toka zuwa launin ruwan kasa-baki, saboda haka zai zama da wahala a samu tsakanin magabatan mutane.
Wani abin al'ajabi na Surinamese Kakaki shine kamshin da yake da kyau, yana tuna da iskar hydrogen.
A bayyane yake, wannan ƙanshin yana aiki a matsayin "wake", yana bawa maza damar gano sauƙi mace a cikin ruwa mai wahala yayin lokacin kiwo.
Kammalawa
Duniyar amphibians tana da ban mamaki kuma tana da bambanci sosai har ta kasance tana mamakin yadda yanayin yanayi yake, wanda ya baiwa mazaunan fauna nau'ikan nau'ikan launuka, launuka, masu girma dabam, da kuma iyawar cancanta da ake so, kuma, wani lokacin, kwaikwayo.
Surinamese Kakaki babban misali ne na yadda za a kula da zuriyar ku nan gaba, wane irin kulawa za ku yi wa yara. A cikin wallafe-wallafen nan gaba, zamu hadu da wakilin 'yan amphibians masu ban sha'awa da ban mamaki.
Ina shugaban yake zaune?
Hoto: Pipa da rana
Mafi kyawun wurin zama wannan ƙwayar jikin itace jikin ruwa mai ɗumi da ruwa mai laka, ba a rarrabe shi da mai ƙarfi na yanzu. Haka kuma, kusancin mutum baya tsoratar da ita - Kogunan Surinamese suna zaune kusa da mazaunin mazaunan, ana ganin su basu da nisa daga wuraren shuka (galibi a cikin hanyoyin ruwa). Dabba kawai tayi ado da ƙasa mai laka - da kuma babba, ɓangaren ɓoyayyen wuri shine wurin zama dashi.
Irin waɗannan halittun masu ban mamaki suna zaune a ƙasashen Brazil, Peru, Bolivia da Suriname. A nan ana ɗaukar su a matsayin “masu mulkin dukkan ruwan tsarkakakkun ruwa” - pewancin Surinamese yana haifar da yanayin rayuwa ta musamman. Wadannan frogs ana iya ganinsu cikin sauki ba wai kawai a cikin kowane irin tafkuna da koguna ba, har ma a cikin hanyoyin ruwa na ban ruwa da ke kan tsiro.
Ko da tsawon lokacin fari ba zai iya tilasta musu yin tururuwa zuwa ƙasa mai zurfi ba - Kakakin gwamma ya zama cikin rabin ciyawar da aka bushe. Amma tare da lokacin damuna a gare su yana fara ingantaccen sararin samaniya - kwaɗi suna ɗaukar rayukansu, suna motsawa tare da kwararar ruwan kogin cikin gandunan da ambaliyar ruwa ta mamaye su.
Duk abin da ya fi ba da mamaki shi ne ƙauna mai ƙarfi na Pip Surinamese don ruwa - an ba da gaskiyar cewa waɗannan dabbobi suna da haɓakar haɓaka da fata, fata mai ban tsoro (waɗannan alamun sun fi halayyar dabbobi ƙasa). Jikinsu yayi kama da ƙaramin ganye mai ɗimbin shudewa tare da sasanninta mai kaifi a gefenta. Matsayin sauyin kai a cikin jiki kusan ba a bayyana shi ba. Idanu suna dubanta koyaushe.
Abubuwan ruwa na jikin ɗan adam sun zama wani wurin zama na kogin Surinamese. Duk da rashin bayyanar kyakkyawa mai kyau da kuma ƙanshin warin hydrogen sulfide, mutanen da suke son dabbobi masu daɗi suna da farin cikin haifan waɗannan baƙin kwaroron gida. Gabaɗaya sun ce yana da ban sha'awa da sanarwa don bin tsari na haifar da larvae ta mace yayin haihuwar tadpoles.
A wannan yanayin, idan bayan karanta labarin za ku ji juyayi ga Surinamese peep kuma ku yanke shawara sosai don samun irin wannan fatar a gida, to, nan da nan shirya babban akwatin kifaye. Ampaya daga cikin amphibian yakamata ya sami akalla lita 100 na ruwa. Ga kowane ɗayan masu zuwa - irin wannan girma.Amma abin da ke can - ya juya cewa Pipa Surinamese a cikin daji kawai ya saba da kowane yanayi. A cikin bauta, tana fuskantar matsananciyar wahala, kuma domin wannan dabba ta haifi zuriya, dole ne a samar da wasu halaye da yawa.
Wadannan sun hada da:
- tabbatar da yawan oxygenation na akwatin kifaye,
- yanayin zafin jiki akai-akai. An halatta sauya yanayin ƙima a cikin kewayon daga 28С zuwa 24С,
- abinci iri-iri. Wadannan frogs suna buƙatar a ciyar da su ba kawai tare da forages bushe don fauna na akwatin kifaye ba, har ma tare da earthworms, larvae na kwari ruwa da guda na sabo kifi.
Don yin Surinamese shugaban da ke zaune a cikin akwatin kifayen suna jin daɗin rayuwa mai kyau, yashi yakamata a zubar da yashi mai tsabta da kuma algae mai rai.
Me shugaban yake ci?
Hoto: Pipa a cikin ruwa
Tare da yatsunsa masu ƙarfi da dogon zango da suke a goshinsa, toad ya kwance ƙasa ya nemi abinci, sai ya aika da bakin sa. Ta taimaka wa kanta a cikin wannan kyakkyawan tsari tare da ci gabanta. Ganin cewa suna kama da taurari masu nisa, wannan kwayayen da ake kira "tauraro-kare". Abincin da ke cikin ƙwayar Surinamese ya ƙunshi wurare daban-daban na sharan gona da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasan tafki, a cikin ƙasa.
Bugu da kari, shugaban ya ci:
- karamin kifi da soya,
- tsutsotsi
- kwari kwari
Kwaro na hoto kusan ba taɓa farauta a farfajiya ba. Ba kamar kwarororo na yau da kullun ba, waɗanda muke saba gani, ba sa zama a cikin fadama kuma ba sa kama kwari da yawa. Ee, suna da fata mai laushi, dumbin huhun huhun, amma Surinamese magana yana cin abinci ne kawai ta hanyar tona zurfin rami, ko kuma kawai ta kasance cikin ruwa.
Dangane da lokacin damina, wasu masu bincike sun lura da yadda a cikin lokacin damina, 'yan amurka da ke Kudancin Amurka ke bayyana a gabar teku da kuma tafiyar daruruwan kilomita don nemo kananzir mai laushi da datti da ke kusa da gandun-daji. A yanzu can suna dumama da wuta a rana.
Yanzu kun san yadda za a ciyar da ficen shugaban. Bari mu ga yadda ta yi rayuwa a cikin daji.
Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa
Hoto: Suriname Pipa
Kamar sauran tsirrai masu zafi, lokacin bushewa ko bushewa daga jikin ruwa, Pipa Surinamese yana zaune tsawon lokaci cikin ƙazanta, marassa ƙarfi ko kuma tsagi, yana haƙuri da farawar lokaci mafi kyau. Ya firgita, amphibian da sauri ya yi ƙasa zuwa ƙasa, yana haƙa zurfi a cikin murɗa.
Ba shi yiwuwa a zauna a kan siffofin halayen tadpoles da aka ƙyamare. Misali, tadpoles mai karfi yakan iya zuwa saman ruwa kuma ya kama kumfa mai iya rayuwa-wuri-wuri. Rashin 'zuriyar', a akasin wannan, ya faɗi ƙasa kuma ya taso kan ruwa tare da ƙoƙarin 2-3 kawai.
Bayan huhunsu na bude, tadpoles na iya iyo a sarari. Haka kuma, a wannan matakin suna nuna halayyar rashin ruwa - yana da sauƙin tserewa daga mafarautan da samun abinci. Frog, wanda a baya ya ɗauki kwai a bayan sa, bayan fitowar tadpoles, rubs akan duwatsu, yana son cire ragowar ƙwai. Bayan molting, mace mai yin jima'i ta sake shirye don matta.
Tadpoles suna wadatar farawa daga ranakun 2 na rayuwarsu. Babban abincin da suke ci (komai girman sautinsa) ciliates ne da ƙwayoyin cuta, saboda ta irin nau'in abincin da suke ci sune masu siyarwa (kamar mussel). Nettle foda yana da kyau don ciyar da kamun kai. Maimaitawa da haɓakar bututun Surinamese yana faruwa a cikin T (a vivo) daga 20 zuwa 30 ° C da tsaurin da bai wuce raka'a 5 ba.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hoto: furin Surinamese Kakaki
Namiji cikin yin jima'i yana sanya takamaiman sauti yana buɗewa, yana nunawa mace ga cewa yana shirye ya sa ta ji daɗi da sha'awa don bata lokaci. Namiji da mace suna yin rawar aure kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin ruwa (yayin wannan aikin, ana “tantance juna”). Mace ta sanya ƙwai da yawa - a layi daya da wannan, “zaɓaɓɓenta” yana zubo su da ruwan ɗinta.
Bayan haka, macen tayi ƙasa, inda kwai ya hadu da ita ta faɗi kai tsaye a bayanta kuma nan take ta manne da ita. Namiji kuma yaci gaba da wannan aikin, yana matsa qwai ga abokin aikin shi da kafafunsa na baya. Tare, suna yin nasarar rarraba su a cikin sel waɗanda ke a gefen ƙarshen baya na mace. Yawan ƙwai a cikin ɗayan irin wannan ya sha bamban a cikin kewayon daga 40 zuwa 144.
Lokacin da rana zata cika zuriyarta kimanin kwanaki tamanin ne. Theaukar nauyin '' kayan '' ƙwai tare da ƙwai wanda ke a bayan matar kimanin gram 385 ne - ɗaukar tsummokaran magana a kusa da agogo aiki ne mai wahala. Amfanin wannan tsari don kula da zuriya yana tabbata cewa akan kammala tsarin masonry, an rufe shi da wani yanki mai kariya mai kariya wanda ke samar da ingantaccen kariya. Zurfin sel daga inda aka sanya caviar ya kai mm 2 mm.
Kasancewa, a zahiri, a jikin mahaifiyar, tayi ne aka samu daga jikin ta dukkan abubuwan gina jiki da suke bukata don cigaban lafiya. Abubuwa da suka raba kwai daga juna suna yaduwa ta jiragen ruwa - ta wurin su oxygen da narkar da abubuwan gina jiki suka shiga zuriyar. Wani wuri a cikin makonni 11-12 matasa masu peeps an riga an haife su. Samun girma shekaru ne kawai 6 years old. Lokacin kiwo yayi daidai da lokacin damina. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda shugaban, kamar babu kowace rana, tana son ruwa.
Abokan gaba na zahiri
Hoto: Toad Surinamese Kakakin
Pipa Surinamese magani ne na gaske ga tsuntsaye na wurare masu zafi, masu farautar filaye da manyan yankuna masu girma. Game da tsuntsayen - galibi waɗannan frogs din suna samun kansu ta hanyar wakilan corvidae, duck da pheasant iyalai. Wani lokacin ana cinye su ta hanyar ɓoye, macizai, herons. Mafi yawancin lokuta, waɗannan manyan tsuntsayen masu martaba suna iya kama dabbar a ƙafe.
Amma babban haɗari shine ga macizai a cikin Surinamese, musamman ma macizai na ruwa (kamar dai sauran toan toads da suke zaune a kowane yanki). Haka kuma, ko da wani kyakkyawan yanayinda yake taimaka musu anan - in farauta, dabbobi masu rarrafe sun fi karkatar da yanayin motsa jiki da ma'anar zafin rana daga halittu masu rai. Manyan waman kunkuru ma ba masu ƙiba ne wajen yin biki a kan irin wannan naman rana.
Haka kuma, idan manya suna da wata dama ta tserar da rayuwarsu ta hanyar gudu da sauri ko kuma buya daga mahangarsu, to hakika tadpoles din ba shi da wata kariya. Adadinsu da yawa suna mutuwa, suna zama abinci ga kwari na ruwa, macizai, kifaye har ma da katako. Gabaɗaya, kowane mazaunin tafki mai zafi "zai ɗauki shi a matsayin girmamawa" don cin abinci a kan tadpole.
Iyakar abin da zai ɓoye shine rayuwa kawai - kawai gaskiyar cewa da zarar mace Pipa na Surinamese tayi kusan ƙwai 2,000, ta tserar da jinsi daga halaka kuma tana bashi damar adana lambobin sa.
Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu
Hoto: Abin da shugaba yayi kama
Ana rarraba yawancin cutar a kogin Kudancin Amurka. Ana iya ganin waɗannan frogs a kusan dukkanin ƙasashen wannan nahiya. Wasu masana binciken dabbobi sun lura da kasancewar waɗannan kwaro a cikin Trinidad da Tobago. Iyakataccen iyaka iyaka ya kai mita 400 sama da matakin teku (wato ana samun kogunan surinamese har a wannan tsaunin).
Duk da gaskiyar cewa an sanya hoton Pas Surinamese a matsayin amarya, wannan ƙwanƙwasa ana ɗaukar shi wani nau'in halittar ruwa mai ɗaukar ruwa - a wasu kalmomin, koyaushe yana rayuwa cikin ruwa, wanda ke iyakance rarrabuwar jama'a na nau'in. Pipa Surinamskaya ya fi son wuraren ajiye ruwa tare da ruwa mai tsafta ko tare da jinkirin kwarara - yankin yana ɗaukar yawancin koma baya, da tafkuna da ƙananan tafkuna na gandun daji. Frogs masterfully ɓoye a cikin auku ganye, yalwa rufe da kasan tafki. Saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin ƙasa suna motsawa cikin motsi da damuwa kuma (sabanin yawancin kwaɗi) ba su iya tsalle mai nisa, mutane a waje da kandami suna zama mai sauƙin kaya.
Dangane da matsayin nau'in halitta a cikin yanayi, a yau ana ganin yawan adadin Surinamese shugaban da kuma abubuwan da ke tattare da shi. Duk da yawan abokan halitta na asali da kuma tasirin cutar anthropogenic, ana samun yawancin nau'in halitta a cikin kewayon sa. Babu wata barazana ga yalwar wannan nau'in, kodayake a wasu wuraren an sami raguwa a yawan jama'a saboda ayyukan ɗan adam da mahimmin maido da yankuna. Pipa Surinamese ba ya cikin jerin jinsunan tare da barazanar lambobi, an samo shi a cikin ajiyar.
Pipa Surinamese ya bambanta da sauran wakilan amphibian ta hanyoyi da yawa - shi kaɗai ba shi da dogon harshe da aka tsara don kama kwari, babu membranes da falmaran a kan paws ɗin. Amma tana da kyau a rufe shi kuma mafi kyawun dukkan 'yan amphibians suna kula da zuriya, suna ɗaukar qwai a bayanta.
Fasali da bayanin Surinamese Kakakin
Bambancin farko daga wasu 'yan amphibians shine asalinta. Lokacin da kuka fara ganin irin wannan rana, zaku iya tunanin cewa tarar da keɓaɓɓen iska ta motsa shi sau da yawa. Jikinta na da bakin ciki sosai da yadudduka, tana da kama da daɗaɗɗe, tsohuwar ganye ta wani itace, har ma ta yarda cewa mazaunin wani kogi ne mai tsananin zafi tare da ruwan dumi yana da matukar wahala.
Shugaban murfin Suriname yana da siffar triangular kuma yana da laushi kamar jiki baki ɗaya. Anya wacce take saman saman fuskaBa su da ƙyalli da ƙanƙan idanu kaɗan. Yana da kyau a sani cewa wadannan kwalaye basu da hakora da harshe. Madadin haka, yatsar tana da faci na fata waɗanda suke a cikin sasanninta na bakin kuma suna kama da tantuna.
Kafafun gaba na amphibian ba su da membranes kuma suna ƙare tare da yatsunsu masu tsayi waɗanda ba su da kambori, wannan wani bambanci daga wasu kwayoyi. Kuma a kan kafafu biyu na fata akwai fayilolin fata, suna da ƙarfi sosai kuma suna tsakanin yatsunsu. Wadannan jaka-falle suna sa frog don jin karfin gwiwa a karkashin ruwa.
Jikin ba babba mai tsayi baya wuce santimita sha biyu, amma akwai mutane masu girman kai, tsayinsu na iya kai santimita ashirin. Fatar wannan dabbar da ba a sani ba tana da wuyar gani kuma tana birgima, wani lokacin zaku iya ganin baƙar fata a bayanta.
Launin Surinamese Kakaki ba mai haske bane, akasarinsu suna da launin toka-mai-launin ruwan wuta da ciki mai haske; akwai kuma mayin duhu wanda zai shiga makogwaron da yake rufe wuya da yatsun kafa, suna kafa iyaka a kai. Bugu da kari, dabbar da bata da kyan gani sosai tana da wari mai karfi wanda yayi kama da warin hydrogen sulfide.
Rayuwar rana da abinci mai gina jiki
Amfani da mazaunin wannan tsintsiya reshe ne da ruwa mai ɗumi da laka, waɗanda basu da isasshen halin yanzu. ATana saduwa da mutane, kusa da tsire-tsire a cikin hanyoyin ruwa na ban ruwa. Tana matukar son ƙashin ƙasa, yankin muƙamin ne.
Tare da dogon yatsun ta, wanda ke kan goshin ta, sai ta kwance ƙasa ta nemo abinci, sannan ta ja ta cikin bakin ta. Mataimakin da ke cikin wannan su ne fashewa a kafafu, wadanda suke da alaƙa da asterisks, ta wannan ne ake kiran babbar rana "bindiga mai tauraro".
Abincin Surinamese mai narkewa, sune sharan gona wanda aka binne a ƙasa, a gindin tafkin. Zai iya kasancewa:
- guda na kifi
- tsutsotsi
- furotin mai tarin kwari.
Kwaro na kwayoyi kusan ba su bayyana a farfajiya ba, kodayake suna da alamun alamar dabba:
- fata sosai
- karfi huhu.
Bangarorin da aka keɓance sune waɗancan lokutan lokacin da ake ruwa sosai a Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador da sauran biranen Kudancin Amurka. Yaushe wannan zai faru Suriname toads bayyana a bakin gaɓa su yi ƙaura zuwa ɗaruruwan kilomita don nemo kannun dabbobin da ke da datti a kusa da gandun-dajin, inda suke kwano da rana.
Rayuwar rayuwa da haihuwa
Lokacin kiwo na Surinamese frogs yana farawa lokacin damina ta fara. Wadannan yatsan suna da dabi'a kodayake ba abu bane mai sauki ku bambance inda mace take da inda namiji yake. Don cin nasara ga mace, namiji dole ne ya fara rawar matsi, wanda ke biye - waƙar.
Don mace ta fahimci cewa namiji yana shirye ya aura, sai ya fara fitar da danna. Mace bayan zabar namiji, yana kusanto da shi yana jefa kwai marasa ciki a cikin ruwa, nan da nan namiji ya fara fitar da maniyyi a kansu don ya ba da rai ga zuriya mai zuwa.
Bayan wani lokaci, mace ta gangara kasa ta kama qwai da namiji ya hadiye, ta kama su a bayan ta. Kuma namiji a wannan lokacin ya kamata a raba kwai a bayan mahaifiyar gaba.
Yana yin kananan sel a bayan mace, yana latsa kowane kwai a ciki daban, yana taimakawa kansa da kafafunsa na baya da ciki. Bayan sa'o'i da yawa na irin wannan aikin, za a iya rikitar da ƙarshen rana tare da saƙar zuma. Bayan aikin da aka yi, namiji zai bar 'ya'yansa na gaba da mace kuma ba zai sake fitowa a rayuwarsu ba.
Surinamese Kakakin zai haifi zuriyarsu kimanin kwanaki tamanin. Rogaya daga cikin zuriyar dabbobi na iya samar da kusan kwaro ɗari waɗanda a lokaci guda ake haihuwar su. Kayan kaya wanda yana kan bayan mace Yana nauyin kimanin 385 grams, don bututu, wannan ba sauki bane. Bayan duk ƙwai suna cikin wuraren su, an rufe su da membrane mai kariya, yana da dorewa kuma yana kiyaye zuriyar gaba. Zurfin sel daga cikin abin da caviar yake ciki ya kai milimita biyu.
Kasancewa a cikin mahaifiyar, tayi tayi daga jikinta duka, ba tare da togiya ba, abubuwan gina jiki da suke wajaba don ci gaban su. Abubuwan da suka raba su da juna suna da jijiyoyin jini da yawa, ta hanyar su suke karɓar oxygen da abinci mai gina jiki, da tayin mahaifa.
Makonni goma sha biyu daga baya, matasa masu fasa kwauri suna lalata fim ɗin gidansu mai ban sha'awa kuma suna iyo cikin duniyar ruwan da ba'a kammala ba. Daga haihuwa, suna da 'yanci sosai kuma suna iya yin rayuwa ta al'ada ita kaɗai, ba tare da taimakon manya ba.
Ba a dauki wannan bayyanar sababbin ƙananan mutane a matsayin haihuwa mai rai ba, kodayake kwaɗin sun fito daga jikin mace. Tsarin bunkasa qwai, kamar sauran 'yan amphibians, kawai bambanci shine wurin da suke haɓaka.
Lokacin da aka haifi sabon ƙarni, da baya na kwaya Surinamese yana buƙatar sabuntawa nan da nan. Don yin wannan Sarki rubs ta baya game da algae daban-daban da duwatsu kuma wannan yana ba ta damar kawar da wurin da tayi.
Har zuwa lokacin kirsimeti na gaba, rana tana iya jin daɗin rayuwa kuma basu da wata damuwa game da ita. Matasa frogs za su iya yin kiwo da kansu lokacin da suke shekara shida.
Surinamese fada a gida
Mutanen da suke sha'awar dabbobi masu tsinkaye suna son waɗannan tsutsotsi masu ban sha'awa a gida, kuma kamanninsu da ba su da kyan gani da ƙamshin hydrogen sulfide ba su tsoratar da su kwata-kwata. Yana da matukar ban sha'awa a lura da yadda mace ke ɗaukar larvae da kuma yadda suke zuwa duniya.
Idan ka yanke shawarar fara gangami a gida, to, kuna buƙatar babban akwatin kifaye. Idan kuna da kwaya daya ku rayu, to shi dole ne maraba ba kasa da lita ɗari na ruwa ba, kuma idan biyu ko uku, sannan ku raba don adadin kuɗin ya faɗi akan kowane ɗayan, shine, kwaɗi guda uku suna buƙatar akwatin ruwa na lita ɗari na ruwa.
Ya kamata ruwa ya cika da isashshen oxygen, saboda haka kuna buƙatar tunani game da wannan a gaba. Kuma a hankali kula da tsarin zafin jiki. Zazzabi kada ya wuce digiri ashirin da takwas kuma ya kasa da ashirin da huɗu.
A kasan akwatin kifayen kana buƙatar zuba ruwa da yashi. Kuma dole ne ya kasance yana da bambancin raye na rayuwa daban-daban, wannan zai taimaka Jikin Surinamese jin dadi. Suna buƙatar ciyar da abinci daban-daban don amphibians, kuma ba za su ƙi daga tsirrai na duniya, larvae da ƙananan ƙananan kifaye masu rai ba.