Sauyin yanayi na Urals ne na turancin turanci ne, ana rarrabe hazo ba kawai a cikin yankuna ba, har ma a tsakanin kowane yanki. Yankin Siberian yamma Yankin isasa yana da matsanancin yanayi a cikin ƙasa; a cikin haɗin kai, sashinta ya ƙaru sosai fiye da yankin Rasha. Yanayin yankuna masu tsaunuka na Yammacin Siberiya ba ƙasa ba ne kamar yanayin Yankin berasar Siberian yamma. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa, a cikin wannan yanki, a kan filayen Urals da Trans-Urals, yanayin yanayi ya banbanta sosai. An bayyana wannan da gaskiyar cewa Dutsen Ural yana aiki azaman wani shingen hana ruwa gudu. Arin hazo yana faɗuwa a yamma da su, yanayin yana da laima da ƙasa, zuwa gabas, wato, bayan Urals, akwai ƙarancin ruwan sama, yanayin ƙasa yake bushewa, tare da fasalin ƙasashen duniya.

Yanayin da Urals ya bambanta. Ana shimfida tsaunuka na tsawon kilomita 2000 a cikin shugabanci na musamman, kuma arewacin arewacin Urals yana cikin Arctic kuma yana karɓar hasken rana da ƙasa da sashin kudu na Urals, yana kudu da digiri 55 a arewa.

Matsakaicin zafin jiki a watan Janairu C. Ural: -20 ... -22 digiri,

Matsakaicin zafin jiki a cikin Janairu na Urals: -16 digiri,

Matsakaicin zafin jiki a Yuli C. Ural: +8 digiri,

Matsakaicin zafin jiki Janairu a cikin Urals: +20 digiri.

Sauyin yanayi na Urals ne na turancin turanci ne, ana rarrabe hazo ba kawai a cikin yankuna ba, har ma a tsakanin kowane yanki. Yankin Siberian yamma Yankin isasa yana da matsanancin yanayi a cikin ƙasa; a cikin haɗin kai, sashinta ya ƙaru sosai fiye da yankin Rasha. Yanayin yankuna masu tsaunuka na Yammacin Siberiya ba ƙasa ba ne kamar yanayin Yankin berasar Siberian yamma. Duwatsu na Ural suna tsaye a cikin hanyar motsin ƙwararrun iska a Tekun Atlantika. Yankin yamma yana haɗuwa da cyclones sau da yawa kuma yana da laima. A matsakaici, yana karɓar ruwan sama sama da mm 100mm fiye da gabas.

Yanayin Urals an ƙaddara shi da matsayinsa tsakanin filayen Eurasia, ƙaramin tsayi da faɗi tsaunuka. Babban tsawon Urals daga Arewa zuwa Kudu yana haifar da canjin yanayin yanki. T.E. bambanci tsakanin Arewa da Kudu. Bambanci yana nuna kanta a lokacin bazara. Matsakaicin zafin jiki a arewa shine + 80C, a kudu + 220C. A cikin hunturu, rarrabuwa ya ƙare a kudu - 160С, a arewa - 200С. Yanayin canjin yanayi yana karuwa ne daga Arewa maso Yamma zuwa Kudu Maso Gabas.

Yanayi kan gangaren yamma na 700mm. A gabas 400mm. Me yasa? Wanne teku ya shafi. (Tekun Atlantika).

Yankunan yamma na haɗu da cyclones daga Atlantika kuma sun fi danshi. Kashi na biyu daga Arctic, kazalika da ƙasashen tsakiyar Tsakiyar iska ta Asiya.
Tasirin agajin yana shafar fitar da sassaukan canjin yanayin Urals daga arewa zuwa kudu. Saboda bambance-bambancen yanayi, yanayin Urals zai bambanta.

Siffofin Yanayi
Duwatsu Ural sun kunshi jeri mara iyaka da babban taro. Mafi girman su, suna tashi sama da 1200-1500 m, suna cikin Subpolar (Dutsen Narodnaya - 1875 m), Arewacin (Dutsen Telposiz - 1617 m) da Kudancin (Dutsen Yamantau - 1640 m) Urals. Massifs na tsakiyar Urals suna da ƙananan ƙananan, yawanci ba su kai fiye da 600-800 m. Tsarin yamma da gabas na Urals da filayen ƙafafun ruwa ana yanke su sau da yawa ta hanyar kwari mai zurfi; akwai koguna da yawa a cikin Urals da a cikin Urals. Akwai tabkuna kaɗan kaɗan, amma a nan ne tushen Pechora da Urals. An kirkiro tafkuna da ɗarurruwa da dama a koguna. Duwatsu na Ural sun tsufa (sun samo asali ne daga Late Proterozoic) kuma suna a cikin yankin da yake yin layin Hercynian.

Fauna
A arewacin zaku iya haɗuwa da mazaunan tundra - reindeer, kuma a cikin kudu na mazaunan gandun daji na yau da kullun - masu zane, bay, ɓarke, macizai da masu shayarwa. Dazuzzuka suna zaune da gandun daji: bears brown, Wolves, Wolverines, foxes, sables, ermines, lynxes. Ana samun alamomi (muzina, barewa, barewa, da sauransu) da kuma tsuntsaye iri iri daban-daban a cikinsu. Couplearni ƙarnin da suka wuce, duniyar dabba tana da wadata fiye da yadda muke yanzu. Aikin gona, farauta, kashe ciyawar dabbobi da lalata dabbobi da dama. Dawakai daji, saigas, bustards, da streptos sun ɓace. Yawan garken barewa sun yi ƙaura cikin zurfin tundra. Amma rodents (hamsters, mice filin) ​​ya bazu a kan ciyawar tudu.

Flora
Bambanci a cikin shimfidar wurare ana iya ganin sa yayin hawa. Misali a Kudancin Urals, alal misali, hanyar zuwa kololuwar tsauni mafi girma Zigalga yana farawa ne daga tsattsar tsarar tuddai da kwari a ƙafa, cike da tsiran daji. Sa'annan hanya ta bi ta Pine, Birch da Aspen gandun daji, a cikin abin da ciyawa farin ciki flicker. Fir da fir sun tashi sama da palisade. Matacciyar itace kusan ba'a gani ba - tana ƙonewa yayin lokacin da ake kashe gobarar daji. A cikin wurare marasa ƙarfi za'a iya zama fadama ruwa. Kogin an rufe shi da wuraren ajiye dutse, gansakuka da ciyawa. Rara da tsintsaye, chesan dabbobin da ke tafe a nan, ba su yi kama da shimfidar wuri a ƙafa ba, tare da kifin ciyawa na ciyawa da shuki. Gobara a tsaunuka tuni tayi da karfi, saboda haka toshewar bishiyoyin da suka fadi sun toshe hanyar a yanzu kuma. Tudun tsaunin Yamantau (1640 m) yanki ne mai ɗanɗano, amma, kusan ba a yarda dashi ba saboda tarin tsoffin tsoffin bishiyu.

Albarkatun ƙasa
Daga cikin albarkatun kasa na Urals, albarkatun ma'adinai suna da matukar mahimmanci. Urals ya dade yana zama mafi girma a fannin ma'adinai da kuma ƙarfe ƙarfe na ƙasar. Komawa a cikin karni na XVI. adon gishiri da dutsen da ke ɗauke da jan karfe an san su a ƙarshen yammacin Urals. A cikin karni na XVII, adon baƙin ƙarfe da yawa ya zama sananne kuma ayyukan ƙarfe sun bayyana. A cikin tsaunuka, an samo waƙoƙin zinare da adibas na platinum, a kan gabashin gabas - duwatsu masu tamani. Daga tsara zuwa tsara, an ba da fasaha don bincika ma'adanin, don ƙona ƙarfe, kera makamai da kayan zane daga gare ta, don aiwatar da abubuwa masu daraja.

A cikin Urals, akwai adibas masu yawa na baƙin ƙarfe mai inganci (Magnitnaya, Vysokaya, Blagodat, Kachkanar tsaunuka), ores (Mednogorsk, Karabash, Sibai), ƙarancin ƙarfe mara nauyi, zinari, azir, platinum, ingantattun kayan masarufi na ƙasa, dutse da gishiri mai gishiri (Solikamsk , Berezniki, Berezovskoye, Vazhenskoye, Il'etskoye). Akwai mai (Ishimbay), gas na halitta (Orenburg), ci, asbestos, duwatsu masu tamani da tamani a cikin Urals. Potentialarfin ruwa na kogunan Ural (Pavlovskaya, Yumaguzinskaya, Shirokovskaya, Iriklinskaya da wasu tashoshin samar da wutar lantarki da dama) har yanzu ba su da cikakkiyar wadataccen kayan aiki.

Matsayi na yanki

AT tsari Yankin tattalin arzikin Ural ya hada da:

1. jamhuriyya biyu: Bashkiria (babban birni - Ufa) da Udmurtia (babban birnin - Izhevsk),

2. Perm Territory, kuma daga Janairu 1, 2006, sakamakon kuri'ar raba gardama, Yankin Perm ya haɗu tare da Komi-Permyak Automatous Okrug,

3. yankuna 4: Sverdlovsk (tsakiya - Yekaterinburg), Chelyabinsk (tsakiya - Chelyabinsk), Kurgan (tsakiya - Kurgan) da Orenburg (tsakiya - Orenburg) yankuna.

Yankin yanki shine 824 dubu km 2.

Hoto 1. Taswirar Urals (Source)

Yankin tattalin arzikin Ural dake a kan iyakar Turai da Asiya na Rasha. shi ne kan iyakoki tare da yankuna tattalin arziki na Arewa, Volga-Vyatka, Volga da Yammacin Siberiya. A wajen kudu ya iyaka da Kazakhstan. Urals yanki ne na tudu, amma tare da Ural, Kama, Volga da koguna fitarwa zuwa ga Caspian, Azov da Black Teas. A ci gaba a nan jigilar hanyar sadarwa: zirga-zirgar jiragen kasa da hanyoyi, gami da bututun mai da mai. Filin sufuri ya haɗu Urals tare da ɓangaren Turai na Rasha da Siberiya.

Taimako da yanayi

Yankin Urals ya hada da Tsarin Ural dutsedaga arewa zuwa kudu sama da kilomita dubu 2. tare da fadin 40 zuwa 150 km.

Hoto 2. Ural Mountains (Asali)

Ta hanyar yanayin taimako da shimfidar wurare ƙetare Polar, Subpolar, Arewa, Tsakiya da Kudancin Urals. Babban yanki shine matsakaitan tudu masu tsayi da tsayi daga 800 zuwa 1200 m. Pean kololuwa kaɗan suka isa tsayin mil 1,500 a saman matakin teku. Mafi girman kai - Dutsen Narodnaya (1895 m), wanda ke a arewacin Urals. Akwai nau'ikan damuwa guda biyu a cikin wallafe-wallafen: Folk da Folk. Na farko ya barata ta wurin kasancewar Kogin Narady a gindin dutsen, na biyun kuma yana nufin 20-30. karni na karshe, lokacin da mutane suka nemi sadaukar da suna ga alamomin jihar.

Hoto 3. Dutsen Mutane (Source)

Tsaunin tsaunin Mountain yana kan layi daya a cikin shugabanci na meridian. Dogayen ya rabu biyu ta hanyar bangon dutse wanda kogunan ruwa ke gudana. Duwatsu sun hada da daskararre, metamorphic da igneous rock. Karst da kuma koguna da yawa ana haɓaka su a kan tuddai na yamma. Daya daga cikin shahararrun shine Kungur Ice Cave.

Karst - jerin matakai da abubuwan mamaki wadanda ke da alaƙa da aikin ruwa kuma an bayyana su a cikin rushewar waɗannan duwatsun kamar gypsum, farar ƙasa, dolomite, gishirin dutsen, da kuma samar da voids a cikinsu.

Yanayin yanayi marasa amfani. Yankin dutsen Urals ya yi tasiri sauyin yanayi yanki. Yana canzawa ta fuskoki uku: daga arewa zuwa kudu, daga yamma zuwa gabas da kuma daga ƙasan tsaunuka zuwa kololuwa. Duwatsun Ural wani shinge ne na canjin yanayi don canja wurin daskararrun iska daga yamma zuwa gabas, watau, daga Atlantika. Duk da karancin tsaunin tsaunuka, suna hana yaduwar yawan iska a gabas. Don haka, yankin Ural yana karɓar ƙarin hazo fiye da na yankin Ural, kuma ana lura da permafrost a arewacin tsaunin Ural.

Albarkatun ma'adanai

Ta hanyar iri-iri albarkatun ma'adinai Ural bai san daidai yake tsakanin yankuna tattalin arzikin Rasha ba.

Hoto 5. Taswirar tattalin arziki na Urals. (Source)

Urals ya dade yana zama mafi girma a fannin ma'adinai da kuma ƙarfe ƙarfe na ƙasar. Akwai adibas 15,000 na ma'adanai daban-daban. Babban dukiyar Urals shine magudin karafa da baƙin ƙarfe. Ore albarkatun kasa sun mamaye yankuna Sverdlovsk da Chelyabinsk, a tsaunin gabas da Trans-Urals. 2/3 na ajiyar baƙin ƙarfe na Urals suna cikin ajiya na Kachkanar. An mai da hankali sosai a yankin Perm, Udmurtia, Bashkiria da yankin Orenburg. A yankin Orenburg shine filin da yafi girma iskar gas a ɓangaren Turai na ƙasar. Ores na jan karfe - a cikin Krasnouralsk, Revda (yankin Sverdlovsk), Karabash (yankin yankin Chelyabinsk), Mednogorsk (yankin Orenburg). Akwai ƙananan ajiyar baƙin ƙarfe a cikin kwandunan Chelyabinsk, kuma baƙin ƙarfe mai launin fata yana cikin Kopeisk. Urals na da manyan ajiyar tukunya da gishiri a cikin kwandon Verkhnekamsk. Yankin ma yana da wadata a cikin karafa masu daraja: zinariya, azir, platinum. Sama da 5000 ma'adinai da aka gano a nan. A cikin ajiyar Ilmensky a cikin yanki na 303 km 2 5 5 na duk ma'adanai na Duniya suna mai da hankali.

Land shimfidar wuri da ruwa

40% na Urals an rufe shi da gandun daji. Daji yana yin aikin nishaɗi da aikin tsafta. Yawancin gandun daji na arewacin don amfani da masana'antu. Yankin Perm, Yankin Sverdlovsk, Bashkiria da Udmurtia suna da arziki a cikin gandun daji. Tsarin ƙasa yana mamaye ƙasa ne da ake noma da ƙasa. Kasar gona kusan ko'ina a gajiye sakamakon bayyanar ɗan adam.

Hoto 6. Yanayin Perm Territory (Asali)

Urals suna da arziki a cikin koguna. Akwai dubu 69, amma ana bayar da yankin ba daidai ba tare da albarkatun ruwa. Yawancin koguna suna kan tudun yamma na Urals. Rijiyoyi Ya fara ne daga tsaunika, amma a samansa suna da rauni. Mafi mahimmanci makarantun yawon shakatawa na ilimi, abubuwan tarihi da kayan tarihi - kamar biranen Chelyabinsk, Yekaterinburg, Perm, Solikamsk, Izhevsk. Anan akwai ban sha'awa abubuwa na halitta: Kogon kankara na Kungur (tsawon kilomita 5.6, wanda ya kunshi gadaje 58 na kankara da kuma adadi mai yawa), kogon Kapova (Jamhuriyar Bashkiria, tare da zane-zanen bango na d) a), da kuma Kogin Chusovaya - daya daga cikin kyawawan kogunan a Rasha.

Hoto 7. Kungur Ice Cave (Source)

Hoto 8. Kogin Chusovaya (Asali)

An yi amfani da albarkatu da yawa na Urals fiye da shekaru 300, don haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa sun cika. Koyaya, ya cika yin magana game da talaucin yankin tattalin arzikin Ural. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa yanki ba shi da ilimin sosai, an bincika zurfafa bincike a cikin zurfin 600-800 m, kuma yana yiwuwa a gudanar da binciken ƙasa a sararin arewa da kudu na yankin.

Shahararren mutanen Udmurtia - Mikhail Timofeevich Kalashnikov

Kalashnikov Mikhail Timofeevich - injiniyan zanen kananan makamai, wanda ya kirkiro AK-47 a duniya.

Hoto 9. M. Kalashnikov dauke da bindiga kirar AK-47 (Source)

A shekara ta 1947, aka fara amfani da bindiga ta Kalashnikov. An haifi Mikhail Timofeevich a kan Nuwamba 10, 1919 a ƙauyen. Kurya, Altai Territory. Shi ne ɗan 17th a babban iyali. A shekara ta 1948, an tura Mikhail Timofeevich zuwa ga Itace-ginin Mashinin Izhevsk don tsara yadda aka kirkiro bindigar bindiga ta farko ta AK-47.

Hoto 10. M.T. Kalashnikov (Asali)

A shekarar 2004, an bude garin Izhevsk (babban birnin Udmurtia) kananan kayan gargajiya mai suna bayan M.T. Kalashnikov. Gidan kayan gargajiya yana dogara ne akan tarin tarin sojoji da na farar hula na samarwa na Rasha da na kasashen waje, makamai da mallakar kayan Mikhail Timofeevich. Mikhail Timofeevich ya mutu a ranar 23 ga Disamba, 2013 a cikin garin Izhevsk.

Ural - kan iyaka tsakanin Turai da Asiya

Yankin da ke tsakanin Turai da Asiya yawanci ana kan shi ne a ƙasan gabashin Ural da Mugodzhar, Kogin Emba, a gefen arewacin Tekun Caspian, a kan iyakar Kumo-Manych da Kerch Strait.

Hoto 11. Obelisk a Yekaterinburg (Source)

Gaba ɗaya tsawon Yankin da ke iyakar Rashawa ya kai kilomita 5524, wanda kilomita dubu 2 ke nan da tudun Ural, da kuma kilomita 990 a gefen Tekun Caspian. Yawancin lokaci, ana amfani da wani zaɓi don tantance iyakar Turai - ta ruwan Ural Range, Kogin Ural da maɓuɓɓugan yankin Caucasus Range.

Unguwar Turgoyak

Karkarar tafkin Turgoyak tana daya daga cikin kyawawan tafkuna masu tsafta a cikin Urals. Tana cikin wani kwari da ke kusa da garin Miass, yankin Chelyabinsk.

Hoto 12. Unguwar Turgoyak (Source)

An gane tafkin a matsayin wata alama ce ta halitta. Tana da zurfi - matsakaicinta yakai 19 m, kuma matsakaicin ya kai mita 36.5. Tabkin Turgoyak ya shahara sosai saboda girmanta, wanda ya kai mita 10 zuwa 17. Turgoyak ruwa yana kusa da Baikal. Ofarsashin tafkin dutse ne mai wuya - daga ƙanƙara zuwa dutse na dutse. Gaban tekun yana da girma da kuma ƙasa. Amsan ƙananan koguna masu matsakaici ne ke kwarara cikin tafkin. Babban tushen abinci mai gina jiki shine ruwan karkashin kasa. Abin sha'awa, matakin ruwa a cikin tafkin yana sauka. A gefen gabar tafkin Turgoyak akwai wuraren da ake yin tarihin kayan tarihi.

Bibliography

1. Kwastam EA Juyoloji na Rasha: tattalin arziki da yankuna: Fasali na 9, littafi na ɗalibi na ɗaliban makarantun ilimi. - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2011.

2. Dagaberg A.E. Ilimin tattalin arziki da zamantakewa. - 2011, 416 p.

3. Atlas game da labarin tattalin arziki, aji na 9. - Bustard, 2012.

Recommendedarin hanyoyin da aka ba da shawarar zuwa hanyoyin albarkatun Intanet

1. Yanar gizo wp.tepka.ru (Source)

2. Yanar gizo fb.ru (Source)

3. Gidan yanar gizo bibliotekar.ru (Source)

Aikin gida

1. Faɗa mana game da yanayin ƙasa na Urals.

2. Faɗa mana game da sauƙaƙe da yanayin Urals.

3. Bayyana mana game da ma'adinai da ruwa na Urals.

Idan kun sami kuskure ko hanyar haɗin da aka karya, da fatan za a sanar da mu - ku ba da gudummawarku ga ci gaban aikin.

Ural: fasalin yanayin

Siffofin taimako na tsaunin Ural ya ƙayyade yanayin yanayin waɗannan wuraren. Wannan halin shi ne dalilin rabuwa da yankin Ural zuwa yankin da ke da masaniyar yanayin. Matsakaicin "tsaye" na tsaunuka (daga arewa zuwa kudu) yana ƙayyade rikicewar yanayi da bambancin yanayin Urals.

Matsakaicin hadewar tsaunin dutse yana zama matsala ta dabi'a ga mamayewar iska ta yamma a wannan yanki, tare da karkatar da yanayin motsin su, wanda ke shafar yanayin yanayin yankin:

• a gabashin gefen Harshen Rasha, nau'in yanayi yana canjin yanayi,
• a kan shimfidar wurare na Yankin Siberian yamma kusa da Dutsen Ural, kusan kusan ko'ina ne na ƙasa.

Don haka, Ural Range ita ce iyaka ta dabi'a tsakanin bangarorin yanayi da ke yankin Turai ta Rasha da Siberiya.

Nau'in yanayi a cikin Urals ya bambanta daga arewa zuwa kudu, daga tundra zuwa steppe, daidai da canje-canje a cikin yankuna na halitta. Bari muyi magana game da su daki-daki.

Ural na Yankin

Ural polar shine yankin arewa maso gabas na tsaunin Ural daga dutsen Konstantinov zuwa Kogin Khulga. Siffofin taimako ana tantancewa ta hanyar narkar da lalacewa ta lalacewa, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, ta hanyar tasirin glaciers:

• zurfi, kwari masu yawa,
• low wucewa
• hankulan ginin glaci (ƙyamare, farji, da sauransu).

Yanayin da Yankin Yankin Yankin Ural ya kasance ne saboda gaskiyar cewa yankin yana a ƙarshen matakin yuwuwu na Turai da kuma maganin Siberian anticyclone. Saboda haka, nau'in sa yana da matukar tasiri a duniya, wanda yake cike da tsananin tsananin sanyi da dusar ƙanƙara mai yawa da iska mai ƙarfi. Zafin iska a lokacin hunturu na iya sauka zuwa -55 ° C. A cikin yanayin sanyi mai sanyin yanayi a wannan yankin akwai wani sabon yanayin yawan zafin jiki (zafin jiki a cikin tsaunukan ƙasa yana ƙasa da na tuddai).

Ural na karkashin kasa

A cikin Yankin Subpolar Urals, mafi kololuwar wannan dutsen yana da hankali, girmansa ya kai kilomita 150 anan. Taimako a nan yana da fasali masu zuwa: asymmetry na gangaren tsaunin tuddai, tsayinsu mai tsayi, tsaftataccen tsaunin tudu, maimakon manyan wurare, zurfin guna da kwari wanda ke rarraba tudun daga yamma zuwa gabas.

Yanayin yanayi na Subpolar Urals yana da tsauri. Yankin duniya ne, tare da dorewa da kuma lokacin bazara. Mummunar yanayin yanayin zafi galibi saboda yanayin yanki na ƙasa da mahimmancin tsayin dutsen. Wani muhimmin mahimmanci da ya shafi yanayin Urals a cikin sashin polar shi ma shine wurin da ke tsaunuka zuwa ga kusancin iska, wanda, kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, ya ƙayyade bambanci a cikin yanayin yanayi a kan tudu na Turai da Asiya na Urals, musamman, a cikin rarraba hazo.

Ural ta Arewa

Yankin arewa na Ural Range ya tashi daga Kogin Shchuger a arewa zuwa Dutsen Kosvinsky a kudu. Wannan shi ne ɗayan wuraren da ba a iya shigowa inda babu kusan babu ƙauyuka ko hanyoyi. Dukansu daga yamma da gabas, akwai wani shinge yana kewaye da kurmi da fadama. Yanayin da Urals yake a yankinsa na arewa yana da muni sosai. Har yanzu ana samun bangarorin Permafrost a nan. Dusar ƙanƙara a cikin tsaunuka a wurare ba shi da lokacin narkewa a lokacin rani.

Tsakanin Urals

Urals ta Tsakiya shine mafi ƙasƙanci ɓangaren rukunin mai suna, iyakance zuwa kusan digiri na 56 da 59 na latitude. Tsawon mafi girman maki a wannan bangare na tsaunin tsawan kusan 700-900 ne kawai. Dutsen mafi tsayi (Tsakiyar Baseg) ya kai mita 994. Kogunan kogin suna da faɗi sosai.

Fasalin Yankin Tsakiyan Yankin Tsakanin Yankin Yankin na Tsakiyan Yankin Tsakanin Yankin na Atlantic an tabbatar dashi. Nau'in yanayin duniya yana mamaye wannan yanki, wanda kusancin Siberiya da kusancin Tekun Atlantika suke, saboda haka canjin yanayin zafi anan yana da kaifi.

A gefen yamma akwai ruwan sama sama da na gabas. A lokaci guda, ƙaramin tsaunin tsaunuka baya hana shigowar iska mai sanyi daga Arctic da haɓaka iska mai bushe da bushe daga kudu zuwa yankuna na arewacin tsaunin Ural. Wannan gaskiyar tana bayanin rashin yanayin yanayi a wannan yanki, musamman ma lokacin bazara da damina.

Kudancin Urals

Kudancin Urals shine mafi fadi a cikin tsarin tsaunin da ke tsakanin Tsakiyar Urals da Mugodzhary (yankin kudu na tsaunin Ural wanda yake kan iyakar Kazakhstan). Saboda girman ƙafafun, girman farjin ya kai har zuwa kilomita 250. Wannan yanki yana da taimako mai sauƙi. Itace ruwan kogin Ural da Belaya - Yankunan Uraltau.

A wannan yanki, dumamar yanayi yana da matukar tasirin gaske: lokacin bazara mai zafi, mai tsawon lokacin sanyi. A cikin hunturu, yawan zafin jiki a wasu lokuta yakan sauka zuwa -45 ° C. Rana yana da zafi a matsakaici, tare da yawan ruwan sama.

Don haka, bincike ya bamu damar yanke hukuncin cewa yanayin yanayin yanayin Ural na da tabbas, wanda aka danganta shi da peculiarities na yanayin sa.

Fasalin yanayi a cikin Urals

Yanayin da ke cikin Urals ya dogara da yanayin ƙasa. Wannan yanki yana nesa da teku, kuma ya ta'allaka ne a cikin yankin Eurasia. A Arewa, Urals ta kan iyaka a tekun polar, kuma a kudu - a kan tsaunukan Kazakh. Masana kimiyya suna kwatanta yanayin Urals kamar tsaunin dutse, amma ana ganin nau'in yanayi na ƙasa akan filayen. Yankunan subarctic da yanayin zafi suna da tasirin gaske kan wannan yankin. Gabaɗaya, halayen da ke nan suna da tsauri, tsaunuka suna taka rawar gani, suna ɗaukar shinge ne.

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Tsinkaye

A yamma na Urals, ƙarin ruwan sama yana sauka, saboda haka akwai matsakaicin zafi. Ka'idodin shekara-shekara shine kusan milimita 700. A gabashin yankin ana yin inzali, kuma akwai yanayin bushewar ƙasa. Kimanin milimita 400 na hazo zai faɗi kowace shekara. Yanayin yanayin cikin gida yana tasiri sosai a cikin ɗumbin iska na Tekun Atlantika, wanda ke ɗaukar zafi. Har ila yau ana shafar yawancin iska na iska, yana ɗaukar ƙananan yanayin zafi da bushewa. Kari ga haka, iska a tsakiyar Asiya ta tsakiyar iska na iya canza yanayin sosai.

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Rarraba hasken rana ba a rarraba shi ba sau ɗaya a cikin yankin: ɓangaren kudu na Urals yana karɓar mafi yawa, ƙasa da ƙasa zuwa arewa. Da yake magana game da yanayin zazzabi, matsakaicin lokacin sanyi a arewa shine –22 digiri Celsius, da –16 a kudu. A lokacin rani, a cikin Ural na Arewa akwai +8 kawai, yayin da ke Kudu - +20 ko sama da digiri. Theangaren pola na wannan yanki yana sanyin hunturu da sanyi, wanda yakan kasance kimanin watanni takwas. Lokacin rani yayi gajere, kuma yana wuce watanni ɗaya da rabi. A cikin kudu, akasin gaskiya ne: gajeren lokacin bazara da lokacin bazara, waɗanda ke ɗaukar watanni huɗu zuwa biyar. Lokacin kaka da na bazara a sassa daban daban na Urals ya banbanta da tsawon lokaci. Kusa da zuwa kudu, kaka tayi gajere, bazara ta fi tsayi, kuma a arewa ita ce hanyar.

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Saboda haka, yanayin Urals yana da bambanci sosai. Zazzabi, zafi da hasken rana ba a rarraba su anan ba. Irin wannan yanayin yanayin yana shafar nau'in nau'in flora da fauna halayen Urals.

Characterarancin halayyar

Tsaunin tsaunin ya daga arewa zuwa kudu, tsayi sama da kilomita 2,000. Tsaunin Ural yayi kadan mara kyau: matsakaitan kololuwar isa alamomi daga 300 zuwa 1200 m. Mafi girman batun shine birnin Narodnaya, tsayinsa shine 1895 m.Daga tsarin gudanarwa, tsaunukan wannan yankin mallakar gundumar Tarayyar Ural ce, kuma a kudanci yanki na Kazakhstan.

Saboda gaskiyar cewa kogunan suna da fadi da fadi, kuma tsaunukan tsaunuka kadan ne, babu yanayin yanayin yanayi na irin wadannan yankuna da ke yankin. Sauyin yanayi na Urals yana da nasa fasali. Duwatsu suna da tasiri sosai wajen rarraba masarufin iska saboda gaskiyar cewa ana ƙara su cikin haɗin kai. Ana iya kiransu wani shamaki wanda ba ya wuce ƙasan iska ta yamma. A saboda wannan dalili, adadin hazo ya bambanta a kan yankin: gangaren gabas yana karɓar ƙasa da ruwan sama - 400-550 mm / shekara, yamma - 600-800 mm / shekara. Karshen su ma suna iya yin tasiri ga tasirin iska; yanayin can nan akwai laima da yanayi. Amma gangararen gabas yana cikin yankin bushewar yankin.

Yankunan Climatic

Yankin ya ƙunshi bangarori biyu na yanayin sauyin yanayi: a cikin matuƙar arewa na tsaunin Ural, yankin subarctic, yayin da ragowar ya kasance a cikin yankin yanayin dumin yanayi.

Ya kamata a tuna cewa yanayin tsaunin Ural yana yin biyayya ga dokar lafazin latitudinal, kuma a nan ne ake furta shi.

Pai Hoi

Wannan tsohon tsaunin yana cikin arewa nesa da tsaunin Ural. Mafi girman yankin wannan yanki shine Moreiz (tsawo 423 m). Tsaunin tsaunin Pai-Hoi ba tsaunin tsauni bane, amma dai tsaunukan da suke kan tsaunuka. Yanayin yanayin Urals a cikin wannan yanki ana kiran shi subarctic, ba a lura da faɗakarwar ƙasa ba. Wannan yanki ne na ruwan sanyi, damuna ta mamaye yawancin shekara, kuma matsakaicin yanayin watan Janairu yakai 20 ° C kasa da sifiri, a watan Yuli + 6 ° C. Imumarancin haɓaka a cikin hunturu na iya isa -40 ° C. Sakamakon yanayin sauyin yanayi akan Pai Hoi, an bayyana yankin tundra na halitta.

Mugodzhary

Yawancin tuddai na dutse kaɗan, kudu maso gabashin Dutsen Ural. Yankin ƙasar duka yana kan iyakar ƙasar Kazakhstan. Heanan ƙarami na 300-400 m, a wannan batun, yankin yana da yanayin bushewar duniya. Babu murfin dusar ƙanƙara, yanayin sanyi yana da wuya, haka kuma hazo.

Tabbatar da ƙwararre

Ural yanki ne mai girma wanda ya fara daga bakin Tekun Arctic zuwa kudu, ya ƙetare yankuna da yawa na halitta.

Ana iya rarraba Urals zuwa Urals da Trans-Urals, yanayin yanayi wanda ya sha bamban da juna sosai Urals hidima a matsayin wani shinge ne na yanayin zafi.

Akwai mafi yawan ruwan sama a yamma na Urals, yanayin yana da sauki sosai kuma yana da laima fiye da gabas.Haka kuma a gabas, akwai karancin ruwan sama, yanayin kasa yayi bushewa da kuma mafi yawan yanayi.

Yanayin Urals yana tasiri ta hanyar zirga-zirgar iska ta yamma, babban yanki na yanki daga arewa zuwa kudu, da kusancin Tekun Arctic.