'Yan kwanaki da suka gabata, Himalayan ta haifi ɗa Potapych da sisterar uwarsa, mai suna Masha, suna zaune a cikin wani rami a tsakiyar taiga. Koyaya, yanzu kwancen kafa ya yi rajista a wani zaman birni na yau da kullun. Sanannen wata-wata-daya-daya-daya ta shahara daga sananniyar mai fafutukar kare hakkin dabbobi Natalya Kovalenko a Khabarovsk. Wadanda ba a san su ba sun bar akwatin tare da sanduna a ƙofar ofishin ƙungiyar kare hakkin dabbobi.

Natalia tana ciyar da ɗamarar abinci tare da madara saniya mai shago daga shagon. Abun ci daga cikin abin da aka tsirma yana farkawa sau 6 a rana. Himalayas suna ƙaruwa kowace rana kuma suna ƙoƙari don motsawa daban. A cikin dan kankanen lokaci, “mahaifiyarsu da suke tallata” harma sun koyi fahimtar yare na musamman.

Istswararrun ƙwararrun da suka koya game da tarihin Potapych da Masha ba su da shakku: mahara sun harbe su. A ƙarshe, an fitar da waɗannan dabbobin daga littafin Red na Rasha. An lalata katako na tsofaffi, kuma zuriya marayu, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya ƙare a cikin gidajen dabbobi ko kuma jerin gwano.

Don mayar da ɗayan da ke tare da kurmi zuwa cikin daji, ana buƙatar shirin farfadowa. Mafi kwanan nan, masana kimiyya sun gudanar da wannan aikin daga Easternungiyar Ilimin Farfajiyar Kimiyya ta Gabas na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Rasha Aka kai yaran zuwa wani yanki na daji da ke nesa da ƙauyuka, inda, a ƙarƙashin kulawar ƙwararrun masanan, dabbobin suka girma da ci gaba a cikin mazauninsu na halitta. Don haka, sama da 'yan Himalayan da yawa sun iya shirya don samun' yanci a cikin taiga. Koyaya, gwaji mai nasara akan wannan ya ƙare - ra'ayin ƙirƙirar cibiyar farfaɗar nutsuwa ya nutsar da shuagabannin jan kati.

Sergey Kolchin, Mai Bincike a Cibiyar Matsalar Mahalli, Farfi na Easternasa na Kwalejin Kimiyya ta Rasha: wanda a zahiri za a iya samun ceto kuma dole ne a sami ceto, an koma yanayi, a zahiri an lalace yanzu. Babu wani wurin da za a iya samar da ingantaccen farfadowa ga yaran. ”

Makomar cubasan, waɗanda suka sami mafaka tare da Natalya Kovalenko, ita ma ƙarshen yankewa ce - sun riga sun saba da mutane kuma za su zauna cikin bauta. Sun yarda su dauki Potapych da Masha zuwa wani sabon wurin zama na dindindin a daya daga cikin mafaka na asusun bayar da agaji na Moscow don jindadin dabbobi. Koyaya, an kira wannan abin tambaya.

An hana zirga-zirga da dabbobin daji a cikin gida. Dangane da ka'idodin, dole ne a kai su cikin kayan ɗakin kaya. Koyaya, Natalya ba ta da tabbacin cewa ƙananan san sanduna za su tsira daga jirgin zuwa Moscow ba tare da kulawa mai kyau ba. Tuni dai mai fafutukar ya yi kokarin kara kafa wasu tushe a daya daga cikin cibiyoyin zirin na gabashin kasar, amma har zuwa yanzu ba a samu nasarar aiwatar da su ba - kamar yadda Natalya ya bayyana, yanzu cikakke ne.

Himalayan Bear

Takarar ta ce a 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, guguwar guguwar a yankin Gabas ta Tsakiya na haifar da raguwar mazauna gidajen wake da kuma raguwar wadatar abinci. Elena Khmeleva ta sanya hotunan dake nuna kifayen wake da katako na Himalayan.

A cewar mai fafutuka, saboda yunwar a cikin 2015-2016, 20% na bears sun mutu. Mutanen da ke cikin matsananciyar yunwa sun tafi ƙauyuka inda aka kashe su. Koyaya, bayanin fafutukar gwagwarmaya, a hukumance yawan beyar a cikin Khabarovsk Territory ya karu da kashi 100%.

Khmeleva ta lura cewa mafarautan gida da ke amfani da injin suna nuna alamar bishiyoyi tare da manyan ramuka a ciki wanda bears zai iya yin hunturu. A lokacin hunturu, suna bincika wadannan bishiyoyi. Idan suka sami beyar, to, sai su kashe shi tare da harbi a cikin rami, sa’an nan kuma suka yanke gawar tare da ɗan itace.

Takardar tayi da'awar cewa farauta na bear don kayatarwa ko kuma lambobin yabo sun hada da jami'ai da "attajirai masu son yin nishaɗi." Kudin irin wannan balaguron na kwana uku kusan Yuro 6000. Kamar yadda aka fada a cikin takarda kai, ba mazaunan Rasha ne kawai ba, har ma da mafarauta masu arziki daga Amurka da kasashen EU suna shiga cikin irin wannan farautar. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa an haramta farautar Himalayan a yawancin ƙasashe banda Tarayyar Rasha da Japan. Hakan ma haramun ne a fara neman beyar a cikin kogo, amma, wurare da yawa suna ba da irin wannan sabis, a takaddamar.

Brown kai

Takardar tayi kara da cewa bera mai launin ruwan kasa hanya ce ta farauta, duk da cewa an jera ta a cikin litattafan ja na wasu yankuna na Russia. Mafarauta suna zuwa beyar don tabbatar da matsayin farautarsu a cikin alƙaluma da kuma ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarcensu. An kashe mutane kusan dubu 20 a shekara. A'idodin kuɗin don beayen bears suna girma kowace shekara.

Mazinata suna kashe beyar don siyar da bear da kuma ƙwayar baƙin ciki, ƙididdigar su a kasuwannin baƙar fata an kiyasta kusan 35-40 dubu rubles. Hakanan ana saida paws, falmats, da bera dabam daban. Mafi yawan lokuta, ana sayar da su a ƙasashen waje, tunda a Rasha waɗannan ba a amfani da ganima a abinci ko a magungunan gargajiya. Duk da yake ana amfani da sassan waɗannan dabbobin a al'ada a Asiya, ana warkar da kaddarorin warkarwa. Amfani da waɗannan samfura a cikin cibiyoyi daban-daban da ke ba da sabis na tsufa ya shahara sosai.

Bears for China

Takardar takarda ta ce mafi yawan masu safarar mutane zuwa China. An ba da haƙoran na beyar, waɗanda ake ɗauka a matsayin abinci mai kyau a China, ana amfani da bile a magani. Jaridar Argumenty i Fakty ta gudanar da bincike game da safarar mutane zuwa China. 'Yan sanda a Hong Kong sun shaida wa manema labarai cewa "ana samar da kubbaren Amur damis, bear bile, musk deer da frogs itace" ba bisa ka'ida ba daga Russia zuwa China.

Dangane da littafin "Free Press" a kowace shekara masu fastoci suna haifar da lalacewar yanayi a cikin biliyan rubles. Yawancin abubuwan da aka sata sune dabbobi da tsire-tsire masu haɗari. A cewar kwararrun WWF Alexei Vaysman

"Yanzu kusan kusan kashi 90% na mafarautan yankin ba hakar doka ba ce da kuma tallata kayan ginseng, bile, angers da sauran nau'in kuɗi ne mai kyau. Rashin daidaiton tsarin dokoki tare da yanayin zamani ya sanya kwastomomi da hukumomin muhalli su kasa karfin matsa lamba game da matsin lambar kasuwanci ba bisa ka'ida ba. ”

Takardar takarda ta nuna cewa, ana kawo jigon wake masu rai na shekaru daban-daban zuwa kasar Sin. A China, gonaki don hakar bera suna da yawa. Don wannan, ana sanya dabbobi a cikin ƙaramin bukkoki waɗanda ke hana su motsawa. An saka bututu a cikin beyar, wanda za a fitar da bile. Yawancin lokaci, gemun da suka isa gona suna zaune a can ba tsawan shekaru 5 (amma wani lokacin suna rayuwa zuwa 20), bayan haka ana kashe su kuma ana sayar dasu a sassan (fata, paws, gall mafitsara). Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa yayin samarwa dabbobi suna haifar da cututtukan cututtuka, ƙonewar ƙwayar tsoka, ciwon daji na hanta da sauran cututtukan da basu ƙyale su a matsayin tushen bile.

A lokaci guda, an tabbatar dashi ta hanyar kimiyya cewa magani tare da bile bashi da wani sakamako na likita.

A cikin wata kara da aka gabatar wa Shugaba Vladimir Putin, marubucin ya bukaci a sanya dabbobi a cikin Littafin Ruwan Farko na Rasha, cewa a ba wa mazaunin dabbobi matsayin matsayin wani yanki na musamman da aka kare, hana farautar dabbobi, sanin fa'idodin kasuwanci na harbi da poya, tsaurara hukunci, kwace kadarorin, da goyan baya daga kasafin kudin. kudade don kare bears da karfafa sarrafa kan iyakokin China. A lokacin rubuce-rubuce, mutane kusan 250,000 ne suka goyi bayan takaddamar.

Kafofin yada labarai da yawa a Rasha sun yi bincike game da safarar kwayar dabbar da damisa zuwa China. Lokaci-lokaci, jami'an kwastam suna ba da rahoton tsare masu farautar pola da asarar dabbobi ko kayan gado. A lokaci guda, babu wasu bayanai daga manyan shugabannin kasar game da wannan maki.