Ptero Double - Yanar Gizo mai sunan Birni-Buga * Tsuntsaye

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Class: Tsuntsaye
Umarni: Passeriformes
Iyali: Cardinal
Jinsi: Kadina
Duba: Cardinal Jiki

Sunan Latin: Cardinalis cardinalis
Sunan Ingilishi: Cardinal ta Arewa

Habitat: jihohin gabashin Amurka, kudu maso gabashin Kanada, Mexico, Bermuda, Hawaii, Kudancin California, kudu sun haɗu zuwa arewacin Guatemala

Bayanai

Tsarin Cardinal, Virginia Cardinal, Virginia Nightingale, Northern Cardinal ko Red Cardinal - mai launin finch mai haske mai kama da son haihuwa a Amurka. Inda sunan ya fito daga fahimtarsa ga bayyanarsa - irin wannan inuwar launuka masu launin ja sune halaye daidai ga rigunan Cardinal na cocin Roman Katolika wadanda ke sanye da launuka ja da hula. Matsakaicin dabi'a na tsuntsu mai kwalliya ita ce jihohin gabashin Amurka da kudu maso gabashin tekun Mexico da Kanada. A shekarar 1700, aka kawo shi Bermuda, inda ya samu nasarar ɗaukar tushe, ya yi fice a tsibirin Hawaiian da kuma Kudancin California. Shekaru da yawa da yawa, an shigo da shi zuwa Yammacin Turai a matsayin abincin kaji. A yanayi, yana zaune gandun daji iri daban-daban, lambuna, wuraren shakatawa, bushes. Tana yin zane-zane a cikin shimfidar wurare marasa izini kuma ana samun ta ko da a wuraren shakatawa na manyan biranen, misali, a Washington.

Ga Arewacin Amurka, Kudancin Kudancin, kamar na Russia, babbar ma'ana ce. Kuma kamar yadda suke a Rasha suna son wakiltar katako a kan katunan hunturu, haka ma a Amurka da Kanada - na kadinal. Kuma a ranar Kirsimeti da Sabuwar Shekara, kasancewar wannan tsuntsu mai jan hankali kamar Santa kansa, dusar ƙanƙara mai dusar ƙanƙara, dabbar da take fito da Rudolph. Hoton wannan tsuntsu inda ba a nuna shi ba: da farko, kan taɓa katunan Kirsimeti, akan zane-zane, bangarori, tagogin gilashi, faranti, faranti, kan tekuna da gilasai - ba za ku jera komai ba. Kadina suna jure da sanyi lokacin sanyi, ba su karaya ba: yayin da ba za ku ga sauran tsuntsaye ba, wadannan kwararan fulogi masu launin ja kan fararen dusar kankara suna tashi daga wuri zuwa wuri ko cikin nishadi suna zama a kan rassan dusar kankara. Kuma idan, a Bugu da kari, jan rowan berries peek fita daga ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara, ana ba da kyakkyawan hoto. Red tsuntsu a kan reshe tare da dusar ƙanƙara - babban makircin katunan Kirsimeti. Hoton tsuntsu an zaɓi shi da alamun hukuma a cikin jihohi bakwai na Amurka: Indiana, Virginia, West Virginia, Illinois, Kentucky, Ohio da North Carolina. Af, yana iya yiwuwa tsuntsun kadiya ya zama kwatankwacin ɗaya daga cikin haruffa a cikin wasan sanannen "Tsuntsaye masu fushi".

Katinan shine ɗayan halittu da yawa wanda Karl Linnaeus ya bayyana a aikinsa na ƙarni na 18, The System of Nature (lat. Systema naturae). Da farko, an saka shi a cikin halittar Klesta, wanda a yanzu ya ƙunshi kawai gwanayen rubutu. A cikin 1838, an sanya shi a cikin halittar Cardinal kuma ya sami sunan kimiyya Cardinalis virginianus, wanda ke nufin "Budurwa Cardinal." A cikin 1918, an canza sunan kimiyya zuwa Richmondena kadinalis don girmamawa ga Charles Wallace Richmond, masanin kimiyyar Amurka. Kuma kawai a cikin 1983 sunan kimiyya ya sake canzawa zuwa Cardinalis cardinalis na yau.

Tsawon jikin mutum yana da kusan 20-23 cm, nauyi 45 g. Namiji yana da launi mai rasberi mai haske, mai duhu mai “rufe fuska” a idanu da baki. Mace suna da launin toka-launin ruwan kasa da abubuwa masu launin ja-ruwan hoda a fuka-fukan, crest da ƙirjin, da kuma murfin fitsari fiye da maza. Tsuntsayen matasa suna kama da launi iri ɗaya ga mata masu girma. Kafafu suna launin ruwan kasa mai ruwan hoda. Idanu tare da ɗaliban launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. Suna da tsattsuran gashin fuka-fukai.

Mawaƙa na maza suna cika gidan da sauti da karin sauti, ɗan ƙaramin abin tunawa ne game da kayan kantuna na dare. Mata ma suna raira waƙa, amma ba su da kyau kuma ba kyau. Waƙar babbar murya ce, mai santsi da launuka iri-iri, da suka hada da “kyu-kyu-kyu”, “chiir-chiir-chiir” da “hanyoyi-hanyoyi-puni”. Duka maza da mata suna rera kusan duk shekara. Kiran da aka saba shine “guntu.” Tun da a cikin fursunoni a bayyane suke da sauƙin kitse, kuna buƙatar adana su a cikin manyan ɗakuna ko aviaries akalla tsayi mita ɗaya, la'akari da gaskiyar cewa zaku iya barin tsuntsu ya tashi cikin buɗe kowace rana.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, 'yan jan jan zabi wani biyu na rayuwa. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da 'yanci sosai kuma da wuya suyi amfani da gidaje na wucin gadi, saboda haka, a lokacin matsewar mace, mace ta gina gida, kuma namiji yana taimaka mata. Hakanan yana da kyau a la’akari da cewa a yayin da tsuntsaye ke zaune suna da zafin rai kuma suna iya yin faɗa tare da danginsu da ke cikin bukka masu kusa, don haka dole ne a nisantar da kewar kiwo da wasu. Jikin kadari yana da kyau kyakkyawa kuma ba ƙwari. Abun da ke ciki ba shi da rikitarwa da sauƙi mai sauƙi, a cikin dawowar mai shi yana karɓar tsuntsu mai ƙoshi tare da kyakkyawan damar iya magana.

Tsuntsayen Cardinal "hakori mai daɗi" - suna jin daɗin cin datti, juniper, ceri, innabi, strawberry, rasberi, ash ash, fure mai fure har da lemu, apples, masara da sauran hatsi a cikin matakan tsufa-da kakin zuma, bishiyar bishiyoyi, ganye da tsutsotsi na gari, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, farauta don kwari, cicadas, mangwaro, ciyayi, ciyawa. Ana ciyar da kaji kusan na musamman daga kwari.

A lokacin soyayya, waƙar wannan mashahurin mawaƙin yana da ƙarfi sosai. Ya san ƙarfinsa, ya shimfiɗa masa kirji, ya faɗaɗa wutsiyarsa mai ruwan hoda, ya faka fuka-fukansa, ya juya zuwa dama da hagu, kamar dai yana jin buƙatar bayyana farincikin nasa a kan muryoyin saututtukan ban mamaki. Sau da yawa, ana maimaita waɗannan motsin, tsuntsu ya faɗi shiru kawai don ya ja numfashi. Kullum kwalliya takan yiwa mace dake zaune a qwai tare da waka, kuma daga lokaci zuwa lokaci tana karantar dashi da saukin kai cikin jima'i.

Jikin kadari mallakar tsuntsayen yanki ne, namiji baya barin wasu kwalliya su shiga yankin da yake mallaka kuma suna musu gargaɗi da ƙarfi cewa an karɓi wurin. Mace ta gina gida. Kofine mai siffar sa, maimakon haka mai yawa, wanda yake akan wani daji ko gungumen itace. Qwai suna da launin kore ko launin shuɗi tare da launin toka ko launin ruwan kasa. Cikakken kama yana ƙunshe da ƙwai 3-4. Shiryawa yana wuce kwanaki 12 zuwa 13. Matan ne kawai ke sanya nonon, kuma namiji yana ciyar da ita kuma wani lokacin yakan maye gurbin ta. Kajin na tashi daga gida da sauri, kuma namiji yana ciyar da su, kuma mace ta ci gaba da kamalar gaba. Akwai brod 2 - 3 a shekara. Tsawon rayuwar jan kati a dabi'ance shi ne shekaru 10 - 15, a cikin bauta - har zuwa shekaru 28.

Akwai ƙananan fannoni 19 na Cardinal:
Cardinalis cardinalis
Cardinalis kadinalis affinis
Cancantar Cardinalis
Cardinalis cardinalis carneus
Cardinalis kadinalis clintoni
Cardinalis kadinalis coccineus
Cardinalis ƙirar Cardinalis
Cardinalis cardinalis floridanus
Cardinalis kadinalis igneus
Cardinalis kadinalis
Cardinalis cardinalis magnirostris
Cardinalis cardinalis mariae
Cardinalis cardinalis phillipsi
Cardinalis cardinalis saturatus
Cardinalis kadinalis seftoni
Cardinalis cardinalis sinaloensis
Cardinalis cardinalis superbus
Cardinalis kadarin garin
Cardinalis cardinalis yucatanicus

Tsuntsayen 'Cardinal' 'tsuntsaye masu farauta suna farauta a Arewacin Amurka, ciki har da falmo, duk shaho, da ƙaiƙayi, da kuma nau'in mujiya-da yawa - hauren giwa da aka daɗe da kuma scam ɗin na Arewacin Amurka. An sace kaji da kwai: macizai na sarauta, macizai mai santsi, shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, kuli-kuli, kuli-kuli, chipmunks na Gabashin Amurka da kuli-gida.

Amma Indiyawan Cherokee har ma sun yi imanin cewa tsuntsu mai kwalliya ita ce 'yar Sun kanta! Wannan ya fada ta almara.
«Kowace rana, rana ta faɗi tsakar rana don ziyartar 'yarta. Amma da zarar bala'i ya faru - 'yar Sun kwatsam ta mutu. Amma hakan ya kasance. Rana tana farawa mutane laifi: Me yasa, sukan ce, sun yi haushi, suna dube ni, kuma ba su kallo cikin dukkan idanu. Kuma Watan kai tsaye abokin tarayya: Kuma dube ni, mutane suna murmushi. Kishi ya shiga rana, kuma ya yanke hukuncin hukunta mutane. Tun daga wannan rana ya fara ƙone rashin tausayi - wani mummunan fari ya fara, mutane da yawa sun mutu. Me zaiyi? Mun je ma sihiri don neman shawara. Kuma ya bayar da kashe rana. Ya juya mutane biyu zuwa mummunan macizai ya aika su zuwa gidan 'yar Sun. A can ne za su yi wa rana mutuwa. Wannan ba zai yiwu ga mutane ba - macizai, sannan wata rana, cikin fushi, suka tura 'yarsu.
Wani mummunan baƙin ciki ya kama Rana, ta ɓoye wa kowa. Akwai duhu har abada, sanyi. Har yanzu mutane sun je wurin sihirin. Iya warware matsalar ita ce dawo da 'yar Rana daga Daular matattu. Mai sihiri ya ba akwatin don sanya ta a can kuma ɗauka, amma ya yi gargadin: a kowane hali kada ku buɗe shi har sai masu rai a duniya. Manzannin sun sace ’yar. A kan hanya, ta zo rayuwa kuma ta fara roƙon ci da sha da ita - sai su ce, tana matsananciyar yunwa a cikin matattu. Manzannin, suna tuna umarnin mai sihiri, ba su buɗe akwatin ba. Yarinyar ta ci gaba da kuka da roƙo, tana cewa za ta sake mutuwa. Mutane sun ji tausayi, suka buɗe murfi, suka jefa abinci, amma murfin ya rufe da sauri. Sun zo Rana, sun bude akwatin - kuma babu komai. Daga nan sai suka tuna: lokacin da suka bude murfin, sai ga wani jan tsuntsu ya fito kusa. Mutane sun fahimci cewa a cikin ta ne thean Rana ya juya. Rana ta sake baƙin ciki, ta fashe da kuka fiye da kowane lokaci, kuma daga wannan hawayen ne ambaliyar ruwa ta fara.
Nawa ruwa ya tsallake yayin da mutane suka yi sulhu da fitilar? Aan ƙaramin tsuntsu ne kawai, wanda aka ɗauka 'yar Sun, yanzu ya tuno da al'amuran.».

Bayyanar

Jan kati shine tsuntsu mai matsakaici Length - 20-23 cm Wingspan ya kai cm 25 zuwa 31. Kayan tsoho ya kai kimanin g 45. Namiji ya fi girma girma fiye da na mace. Launin namiji yana da haske, tare da baƙar fata “abin rufe fuska” a fuskarsa. Mace mai yawan launin toka ne mai launin shuɗi, tana da gashin fuka-fukai a fuka-fuki, kirji da tuɓe, tare da ƙarancin “mask” fiye da na namiji. Gefen yana da ƙarfi, yayi kama da juna. Matasa mutane iri ɗaya ne da launi zuwa mace girma. Kafafu suna duhu-ruwan hoda. Pupilsaliban suna launin ruwan kasa.

Kiwo

An yi nau'i-nau'i a cikin kadinal budurwa don rayuwa kuma suna kasancewa tare har ma a lokacin lokacin kiwo. Jikin kadari mallakar tsuntsayen yanki ne, namiji baya barin wasu kwalliya su shiga yankin da yake mallaka kuma suna musu gargaɗi da ƙarfi cewa an karɓi wurin. Mace ta gina gida. Kofine mai siffar sa, maimakon haka mai yawa, wanda yake akan wani daji ko gungumen itace. Qwai suna da launin kore ko launin shuɗi tare da launin toka ko launin ruwan kasa. Cikakken kama yana ƙunshe da ƙwai 3-4. Shiryawa yana wuce kwanaki 12 zuwa 13. Matan ne kawai ke sanya nonon, kuma namiji yana ciyar da ita kuma wani lokacin yakan maye gurbin ta. Kayayen tashi daga cikin gida da sauri, kuma namiji yana ciyar da su, kuma mace ta ci gaba da kamawa ta gaba. Akwai brod 2 - 3 a shekara.

Tsawon rayuwar jan kati a dabi'ance shi ne shekaru 10 - 15, a cikin bauta - har zuwa shekaru 28.