Oksana Afonina
Takaitawa na GCD don sanin yanayin "Me ke ƙasa da ƙafafunmu"

manufa: gabatarwa yara masu ƙasa, kayan aikinta, darajar su a rayuwar tsirrai. Tare da wasu mazaunan ƙasa, tare da rawar namomin kaza, earthworms a cikin kewaya kwayoyin halitta, samuwar da sani madaidaici hali ga abubuwa masu rai da marasa rai.

Kayan aiki da kayan aiki: Hoto Masarautar Kasa, ƙasa - ƙasa, yanki na farin takarda, gilashin ƙara girman girma ga kowane yaro, hoto na kaka, masu talla "Kula da masu rai", naman kaza yana girma akan bishiya.

Hanyar darasi.

Mai Koyarwa: Jiya, abokinmu Lappik yana ziyartar kuma ya kawo mana kyauta mai mahimmanci - jakar sihirin ƙasa. Sarki na karkashin kasa ya tura shi wannan kasa. Ya ce ƙasa ce mai sihiri - tana taimaka wa tsiro. Bari mu kai shi cikin kayan gidanmu domin su girma da kyau. Sarki na karkashin kasa ya ba mu wani hoton wanda ke nuna masarautarsa. Bari mu kalli hoton hoton. Me yasa wannan ƙasa sihiri? (Zato na yara). Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ba kawai duniya ba ce - ƙasa ce. Tana ciyarwa da shayar da tsirrai, kuma suna ba mata bushe ganye, rassan.Akwai mazaunan ƙasa da yawa a cikin ƙasa: dunƙuƙun ƙasa, moles, kwari, gizo-gizo. Wannan shi ne duk Jirgin da ba ku gani ba! A yau zan ba ku labarinsa. Akwai dabbobin ƙasa da yawa da suke rayuwa a cikin Masarautar ƙasa (wasu suna ƙanƙantar da yawa don ana iya bincika su da ɗan ƙaramin ɗaki). (masarauta). Sarki na cikin ƙasa yana ƙaunar talakawansa sosai. Ga mutane da yawa waɗanda ke tafiya a kan rufin mulkinsa, ƙasa - ba su ma yi tunanin cewa ya kamata a kiyaye shi ba. Ee, har mabaƙin ciki: ƙura ne a gare su, to, ƙazanta ne a gare su! Kuma yana son Uwa Duniya sosai. Sau ɗaya a lokaci, mutane suna girmama Uwar Duniya da girmamawa sosai. Sun yi maraba da farkon sabuwar ranar kuma suna roƙon ƙasa, ita da m, gafara

"Abin da na tsinana maka karamin abinka

Soho mai kaifi, fashewa

Wannan bai yi birgima ba

Ban tsintsa tsefe na

Tore kaji da babban harrow

Tare da m ƙarfe hakora. ”

Dole ne kuma mu tuna da hakan a cikin gandun daji

Yi wasa da sanyi

Ku ci ku sha, kuma ku bugu ...

Amma akwai bankuna a kusa,

Cellophane, gland, flasks ...

Ba za ku iya barin su anan!

Sharaɗi a nan cikin gandun daji, baƙo

Itauki tare da ku!

Sannan malami ya rarraba dunkulen qasa, da kuma fararen takardu. Yana kira ga yara su murƙushe shi kuma su samo tushen sa daga tsiro, ƙanƙara, kwari ko haushi. Yara suna magana game da binciken da suka samu. (malamin ya taƙaita abin da suka samo a zahiri).

Me kuka fi so? Malami ya jawo hankalin yara zuwa bayyanar Sarki Karkashin kasa.Me kuke tunani: "Me yasa yayi duhu sosai?"(Yana amsa yara)

Mai Koyarwa: Ee, mutanen ba sa bukatar su yi wanka a ƙasa, amma ku kalli hannuwanku - waɗanne launuka ne? (Brown, baki). Yanzu ɗauki dunƙule ƙasa ku zana musu wani abu. (Yara zana)

Wane launi kuka samo hoton? A cikin Mulkin thereasa ƙarƙashin ƙasa akwai launuka kaɗan - baƙi, launin ruwan kasa, launin toka, amma suna da kyau ta yadda suke. Dubi ƙasar da aka nuna akan hoton. Tana kama da wainar cake. Anan ne tsiri mai duhu, yana da ƙari "Abinci" don tsirrai. Akwai kwari masu yawa, kowane irin tushen, larvae. Mafi zurfin da muke gangarowa cikin Zaman Lafiya, mafi karanci zai zama "Abinci" don tsirrai, yan kadan ƙasa da mazaunan ƙasa. (Kalli hoton hoton).

Mutanen da ke ƙarƙashin Sarki suna da abin ci gaba - waɗannan ƙananan gan wasa ne masu taimaka masa. Yanzu zan mai da ku shuɗun haske. Don yin wannan, tsaya a cikin da'irar kuma riƙe hannun, rufe idanunmu.

Cribble-crab-booms, yana jujjuya ku zuwa duhunai. Da kyau, kada ku yi tsintsin tsummokoki, amma maimaita bayan ni.

Da gari ya waye, ginoes din ya tafi daji (Vigorous mataki a wurin)

A kan hanyar, an samo naman kaza (Tilts gaba, madaidaiciya

Kuma a bayansa, ɗaya, biyu. uku! (Torso daga gefe zuwa gefe)

Uku ya bayyana! (Hannu zuwa gefe, sannan kasa)

Kuma an fitar da namomin kaza, (Za a yi gaba, hannaye a ƙasa)

Dwarves zuwa makaranta sun makara (Abin baƙin ciki girgiza kansa daga gefe

Suna gudu, da sauri (Gudun a wuri)

Kuma namomin kaza duk sun faɗi! (Zauna a zaune)

Waɗannan baƙin hotunan ban dariya ne. Cribble-crab-booms shine ya mayar da ku yara. Kuma yanzu bari mu je zuwa gidajenmu mu duba ƙasa-ƙasa. Taɓa ku tantancemenene ita?: zafi ko sanyi; busasshiyar lil bushe. Malami ya ba wa yara damar yin tunani game da inda ya fito "abinci" a cikin ƙasa. (Zato na yara).

Mai Koyarwa: Yanayi sihiri ne na gaske. Duk abin da aka shirya a ciki ne babu abin da vata a wofi. Da yawa daga cikinku kun ga yadda, a cikin kaka, ganye ke fadi daga bishiyoyi? Sannan a ina zasu je? Bayan haka, kowace shekara ganyayyaki da yawa suna fadi a ƙasa, sannan kuma sun ɓace wani wuri. Asiri shi ne cewa waɗannan ganyayyaki da suka faɗo, busassun rassa da kututture suna juya zuwa ƙasa wanda ya zama mai wadata, abinci don tsirrai ya bayyana a ciki. Kuma yanzu ni ne ku Zan gabatar da wadancanwanda ke taimakawa irin wannan jujjuyawar, godiya ga wanda ƙasarmu ba ta cika da filayen bushe da rassa. Dubi postin - hoton duniya ne! Yana da abubuwa da yawa da zai yi karkashin kasa. Ina fatan babu wasu mutane daga cikin ku da suke murkushe dangin sa.

Tsutsotsi suna rayuwa cikin gandun daji

Yanayin Mama sun basu rayuwa

Dukkansu suna da al'amuran kansu.

Za ka gan su kan hanya -

Kayi haushi, amma koma baya.

Maza ku gani, me kuke zaton tsutsotsi suke yi a cikin ƙasa? (Amsoshi) Tsutsotsin yana juya ganye bushe zuwa ƙasa. Kuma yanzu hadu da namomin kaza. Da yawa daga cikinku kuna cin namomin kaza? Wani irin? Yarda da wanda ya buge ko kawai kawai an kakkaɗa inedible namomin kaza?

Akwai namomin kaza daban-daban a cikin dajin ...

Ba ku taɓa inedible.

Kar a tara su a kwandon,

Amma kuma kar a runtse

Dabbobin daji suna bukatan su:

Chanterelles, shinge, hares ...

Ba sa cin mutane kawai:

A cikin grebes, tashi agarics - guba!

Amma ga dabbar daji

Wannan naman kaza yana da amfani kuma yana da kyau.

Namomin kaza suna taimaka kututture, busassun bishiyoyi sun zama ƙasa. Lokacin da itace tayi tsufa, irin waɗannan namomin namomin za su zauna a kai. (naman musiba). Wata rana, idan ta tsufa gaba ɗaya kuma ta mutu, namomin kaza za su taimake ta ta zama ƙasa.Sarki na karkashin kasa yana da matukar kariya daga namomin kaza, gaba daya: da abin sha, da inedible, da guba. Dukansu ana buƙatarsu a cikin masarauta.

Malami yayi tunani : “Me zai faru idan tsintsaye da namomin kaza suka bace”(Yana amsa yara)

Kammalawa: Tsirrai da dabbobi suna zaune a mashigar ƙasa, ba kamar mazaunan makiyaya da tafkuna ba. An tsara su ne don su mai da ƙasa ta zama ƙasa. Muna buƙatar kulawa da hankali ga duk mazaunan mashigar ƙasa, kare su kuma "gida" a cikinsu suke zaune.

Cewa muna rayuwa a cikin duniya

Ba tare da yin rantsuwa ba tare da barazanar ba

Kamar kyawawan makwabta

Ko abokai na gari

Kasance mutum, mutum

Kuna cikin ƙasarku!

Takaita darasi na "A karkashin ƙafafunmu" Manufar: gabatar da yara ga fasalin yashi da yumɓu, don kwatanta, Yaya suka bambanta. Nemi bayyanuwar kaddarorin wadannan abubuwan (gwaji.

Sakamako wani darasi na rukuni akan fahimtar iyali tare da duniyar waje "Me ya kewaye mu?" Sakamako wani darasi na rukuni don fahimtar duniyar waje: "Me ya kewaye mu?" Manufofin da kuma manufofin darasin: 1. Dangane da kwarewar rayuwa.

Takaitawa na GCD akan ci gaban wayewar kai "Magunguna a ƙarƙashin ƙafa" Manufar: gabatar da yara ga gwal mai ƙarewa. Manufofin: - don koyon bambance plantain daga wasu tsirrai da ke girma a yankin.

Sanarwa game da yanayin tafiya mai taken “Magunguna a ƙarƙashin ƙafafunku” Makarantun kula da ilimin makarantun firamare na shekara mai lamba Na 411 na gundumar Samara Rasha, 443107,.

Darasi kan duniya da ke kewaye da mu a makarantar firamare “Me ke ƙarƙashin ƙafafunmu?” Batu: Me ke ƙarƙashin ƙafafunmu? Manufofin: samuwar manufar "abubuwa marasa kyau", waɗanda suke "ƙafar kafafu", saƙon farkon.

Takaitaccen bayani na darasi game da dangi tare da sauran mutane da kuma ci gaban magana "Maganin shayi. Baƙi mu doli ne ”a cikin rukunin matasa Manufar: Don sanin juna da kayan shayi, don kunna magana. Awainiya: 1. Don gabatar da yara ga sunayen abubuwan kayan shayi: teapot, kofin, saucer,.

Sakamakon fahimtar iyali tare da duniyar waje "Menene? Ina? Yaushe? " Abun cikin shirin: Don ƙarfafa ilimin yara waɗanda aka samu a cikin aiwatar da ayyukan ilimantarwa kai tsaye a cikin yanayi da zamantakewa.

Takaitaccen darasi game da dangi tare da kasashen waje a rukunin rukunin rukunin matasa "Abin da Bala'i" Manufar: Fadada tunanin yara game da duniyar da ke kewaye da su. Don sanin yara da dabbobin daji, don koya wa yara bambance da sunaye sassan jikin mutum.

Takaita darasin darasi game da dangi tare da kasashen waje a rukunin na gaba "Kai a kusa da mu" taken "Sama kusa da mu". Manufofin: 1. Don sanin abubuwan da suka shafi iska da hanyoyin gano ta. 2. Ka tabbatar da cewa babu iskar da ke kewaye da mu.

NOD don sanin kanka da duniyar da ta kewaya "Hadarin dake kewaye da mu" LESON SAUKI A CIKIN SIFFOFIN SIFFOFI KAN MBOU "DNIPROVSKAYA SOSH" BAYANIN HANKALI 1 Cikakken sunan wurin malamin L. Vdovina malamin MBOU.

Wanene ke zaune ƙarƙashin kafa?

Daurian steppes na musamman ne a cikin tsarin mazaunan ƙasa, wannan shine ƙarshen ƙarshe na masana kimiyya na Jami'ar Jihar Moscow da akewa lakabi da M.V. Lomonosov Cibiyar Nazarin Halittu da Juyin Halitta mai suna bayan A.N. Serossov RAS.

A farkon watan Agusta, masanan kimiyyar Moscow a cikin Daursky Reserve sun gudanar da binciken ƙasa. Manufar shine a tantance bambancin dabbobin ƙasa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin yanayin halittu. An gudanar da aikin a matsayin wani ɓangare na aikin Gidauniyar Rasha don Bincike Na Gaban "fasalin Geographic na ayyukan cibiyoyin sadarwar abinci a cikin filayen filayen Rasha." Af, ana yin wannan binciken kimiyya a cikin yankin Transbaikalia a karon farko.

Teamungiyar masana kimiyya sun ɗauki samfurori don bincike a cikin yankunan Imalkinsky, Utochinsky da Adon-Chelonsky na ajiyar. Don yin wannan, ma'aikata sun haƙa fararen farfajiya na ƙasa da ke auna 25x25 cm da zurfin 15 cm. Mesofauna, wato waɗancan dabbobi da za a iya gani da idanuwa tsirara kuma ana iya tattara su ta hannu - tsutsotsi, milipedes, lice itace, waɗanda aka fara zaɓa daga gare ta. Amma ga ƙananan invertebrates - carapace mites, springtails da sauransu, girman wanda ya kasance daga 2 zuwa 0.1 mm, za a gano su a cikin yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Bugu da kari, bisa ga samfuran da aka dauka, masanan sun yi niyyar yin nazari kan mafi karancin mazaunan kasar, girman sa bai kai mm 0.1 mm - wadannan sune fungi, bacteria, protozoa da nematodes wadanda suke zaune a cikin kasar.

Konstantin Gongalsky, likita na kimiyyar nazarin halittu, ya ce "A farkon farko a farkon hadarin da ke tattare da kasar mesofauna, ana iya cewa kwarangwal din Daurian sun sha bamban a yanayin da suke ciki," in ji Konstantin Gongalsky, shugaban binciken kimiyyar nazarin halittu. - Kwari da lardin su suka mamaye a nan, yayin da yake cikin matakan wasu yankuna na ƙasar mu, ciyawar ƙasa, milipedes mai kafa biyu da kuma injunan itace suna taka rawar gani.

Masanin kimiyyar ya kuma lura da cewa bangarorin ukun da aka yi nazarin yankuna daban-daban sunada bambanci sosai yayin hadewar kasar mesofauna.

Yin nazarin fauna na ƙasa ya zama dole don fahimtar menene haɗarin sa, yadda yake hulɗa da juna, da kuma yadda yake shafar yanayin tsaran ƙasa da wasu ayyukan sa. Misali, bazuwar kwayoyin halitta ya dogara da yankin mai kauri da kuma yawan shan carbon dioxide. Ana buƙatar irin waɗannan bayanan don sakewa da ƙasa, kazalika da kimanta ƙimar ƙasar da ake amfani da ita a ayyukan tattalin arziƙi.