Gudun kifi * Kifi

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Wannan dabbar tana cikin rukunin kifin na kifin kuma suna cikin tsarin karuwancin. Dangin da kifin guduma ake kira hammerhead shark.

Babban "haskaka" a bayyanar wannan kifin, ba shakka, shine kanshi, ko kuma wajen, kamanninsa. Endarshen ƙarshen ya ƙare tare da tsayi da ƙananan kunkuntarwa suna rarrabewa a sararin sama zuwa ga bangarorin. Duk wannan "ginin" yayi kama da kayan aikin gini - guduma. Saboda haka sunan dabbar.

Masana kimiyya sun san nau'ikan kifin hammerhead guda tara waɗanda suka bambanta launi, girman, siffar kai da kuma ruwan da suke rayuwa a ciki. Gidan ya kasu kashi biyu ne: Eusphyra da Sphyrna. A rukunin farko akwai wakilai daya kawai - wannan kifin shark ne mai fuka-fuki. “Guduma” girmanta daidai yake da rabin jikinsa, kuma ya bambanta da girman kansa da sauran wakilan wannan gidan. A rukuni na biyu akwai 'yan' mata mata takwas, mafi girma daga cikinsu zasu iya kaiwa mita 6. Duk wannan dangi suna da alaƙa tare da tushen feline, marten da launin toka.

Dayawa suna jan hankalin yadda kifin guduma yake. A jikin mai farautar ba shi da bambanci da shark da muka saba da shi. Tana da tsari mai kyau, launi kuma yana canzawa gwargwadon yanayin halittar. Ainihin, baya yana da duhu (launin toka, launin ruwan kasa), kuma ciki haske ne. Amma kai ne wanda yake da sha'awa ta musamman. Siffar ta T-dimbin yawa. Tsarin kai da kansa ya dogara da "irin" na maharbi, zai iya zama babba ko, biyun kuma, suna da karamin girma. Amma babban abin magana shi ne cewa kowane mutum yana da kamannin peculiar, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake kiran shi kifin guduma. A ƙarshen "matakai" na kai idanu ne. Wadannan kifayen suna iya ganin digiri 360. Abin sha'awa, a cikin wadannan magabatan hangen nesan ya dogara da girman "guduma". Mafi girma shine, mafi kyawun yanki a gabanta ana dubanta.

Kankuna na Hammerhead su ne masu hanzari, wayo kuma ƙwararrun masu farauta waɗanda basa tsoron kusan komai kuma cikin sauƙaƙewa mutane. A kan “hadarin haɗari”, an yi amfani da sharm a raga, na biyu kawai ga farar fata da sharrin haɗi. Tarihi ya ƙunshi hujjoji masu ban sha'awa da yawa waɗanda ke da alaƙa da kifin guduma. Misali, a daya daga cikin wadannan kifayen da aka kama, an samo gawawwakin wani mutum wanda yai daidai da mahaifar wannan mai kisan kai.

Wurin da ya saba zama ruwan dumi, amma wannan baya hana sharrin jin daɗin isa a cikin ruwan arewa mai sanyi. Tare da tsawon tsayin 4 zuwa 7, kifin guduma “dauke da makamai” tare da iyawa mai ban mamaki na maharbin da ba shi da kamala, wanda aka nuna shi da tsarin jikinsa mai ƙarfi da sassauƙa.

Juyin halitta wanda ya daidaita wannan sharrin sama da miliyan biyu na shekaru ya ba shi duk abin da ya cancanta. Babban ƙarfi, hakoran-kaifi mai kaifi waɗanda aka shirya su a cikin layuka da yawa, kuma suna iya share haƙiƙanin raba duk wani wanda aka azabtar dashi cikin lamuran seconds. Launiyar maski ta zahiri tana sanya shi kusan zama ba a gangar jikin ruwa ba.

Insarfi mai ƙarfi da tsokoki masu ƙarfi suna ba ka damar haɓaka mai sauri. Abubuwan da ba a haɗa kansu ba suna iya samun ganima don tsawon mil da yawa, suna fahimtar alamun siginar lantarki, jin jini har ma da tsoron wanda aka azabtar dasu. Kuma shugaban kifin shark, wanda yake da siffar guduma, yana bawa mai haskaka halin motsa jiki, ya zama mai karfafa tururi kuma a zahiri baya barin wata dama ta hanyar tserewa.

Duk wannan yana nuna cewa idan hammerfish ya zaɓi manufa, to kadan zai iya ajiye wannan maƙasudin. Thewararren ƙamushin hammerhead na iya kaiwa kilo da ɗari kilogram, kuma mafi girman da aka kama yana da nauyin kilo 363, yayin da yake da kusan mita 8.

Kifin guduma ya kasance a saman sarkar abinci, ba tare da wani maƙiyan kai tsaye ba. Wannan yana ba ta damar kai hari ga kowane kifi da dabbobi masu shayarwa da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwa ba tare da haɗari mai yawa ba. Yaudarar, karfi da kuma zurfin wannan maharbin sau da yawa sune mabuɗin don cin nasara akan babban abokin hamayya fiye da kanta.

Meran Shark, kamar sauran danginsa - wasu yan kifayen, ba su da iska a jikin jikinsa. Don ci gaba da kasancewa cikin ikonta, dole ne ta motsa kullun, wanda ke nufin neman wanda aka azabtar kuma ya kasance koyaushe "yana tsaro". Take ɗaukar wannan ɗan shark cikin mamaki kusan ba zai yiwu ba. Kullum tana sanya yanayin "wasan" nata akan wanda aka azabtar kuma koyaushe ya juya ya zama mai nasara.

Siffar kai ba abu bane da ke jan hankalin guduma zuwa kifin. Bayanin yadda wadannan mahara suka kiwo shima abin mamaki ne. Suna viviparous, yayin da sauran kifayen suka ƙare. Iyaye mata suna haihuwar 'ya'yansu kamar yadda dabbobi masu shayarwa. Lokacin haihuwa, ana gudunar da “guduma” ta jiki don a haife shi ba tare da wahala ba. A hankali, shugaban kifin ya zama, kamar yadda yake a cikin manya.

A lokaci guda, mahaifiyar zata iya kawo jariran daga 15 zuwa 30 waɗanda aka riga aka “koyar” su yi iyo sosai. Tsawon kowannensu ya kai rabin mil. Amma bayan 'yan watanni sai su zama mai tsawon mita kuma suna nuna zalunci, kamar dukkan manya.

Tabarmar guduma sharri ce mai matukar mahimmanci. Kuma idan tushen abincin ya kunshi katako, shrimps, shellfish, kifi da squid, to ainihin ainihin abincin da ake cin abincin shine yawo da kwararowar nama, da yawa yan kifayen sun zabi mazaunin da ke da alaƙa da irin wannan ganima - ƙurar ƙasa ta teku.

Tasirin menu ya faru da bugun manyan mazaunan teku, gami da stingrays stingrays, waɗanda jijiyoyinsu masu guba ba su cutar da masu ba. Da alama jikin shar din ya iya samarda kariya ga guba ta wannan halittar, wacce suke son ci.

Idan maharbi ya gano abin da zai ci, to, la'akari da saurin jirgin da kuma yanayin ƙarfin ɗan kifin, to ba shi da damar samun ceto. Kuma saboda gaskiyar cewa jikin dukkanin halittu suna dauke da siginar lantarki, yuwuwar ganima bashi da wata dama ta ɓoye a cikin ƙasa.

Ana jagorantar shi da sha'awar da aka gabatar, hammerhead shark ba zai iya neman mafaka ba kuma yana fitar da mai tsaurin kai daga yashi.

Tun da ƙamshin hammerhead ɗayan kifin pelagic, yana zaɓar zurfin daga saman teku har zuwa zurfin mita 400. Koyaya, waɗannan mafarautan sun faru da ruwa a cikin lagoons da kuma sassan yanki na gabar ruwa.

Dangane da zaɓin yanki, waɗannan kifayen sun gamsu da ruwan dumi na Tekun Pacific, Atlanta da kuma Tekun Indiya.

Koyaya, wannan mutumin da ke ɗaukar alƙawarin maimakon shugaban yana kuma da masaniya a kan arewacin turai. Amma wurin da aka fi so dukkannin maƙiyan hammerhead, inda ƙarfin ƙarfin magana da ke jan hankalin mutane, shine tsibirin Hawaii. Saboda haka, Cibiyar Nazarin Halittu ta Hawaiian ce ta zama babban cibiyar nazarin wadannan kifayen.

Siffar da ba ta saba da kai ta bambanta da ƙamshin hammerhead daga sauran 'yan uwan duka. Duk da shahara da shahararrun shahararrun farar fata, ba kowa bane zai yanke hukuncin kamanta shi a taron, amma sharudan hammerhead ba zai rikita batun wani ba.

Ta yaya hakan ya faru da rabo ya saka wa wannan mutumin da irin wannan kyakkyawan yanayin? Akwai sigogin da yawa akan wannan ci.

Idan muka bi ka'idodin ka'idoji, to halayen "guduma" maimakon madaidaicin daidaitaccen shugaban da aka siffanta shi ya zama sannu a hankali kuma tsawon lokaci, sama da miliyoyin shekaru, tare da kowane irin yanayi da ya gabata akwai wadataccen yanayi kuma a ƙarshe, ya samo hanyar da muke gani a yau.

Wanene ya sani, watakila ba a gama aiwatar da tsari ba tukuna kuma bayan wasu 'yan wucin gadi ya juya kan ƙif ɗin Shark zai zama mai ban tsoro?

Koyaya, binciken da aka yi kwanan nan game da kwayoyin halitta ya rushe tunanin da ya gabata game da sakamakon da aka samu daga binciken da yawa. Wasu masana sun yi imani da cewa keɓancewar kai ya tafi zuwa ga waɗannan kifayen kwatsam - saboda maye gurbin da ba a tsammani ba.

Saboda girmanta, jaws mai ƙarfi, kuma haƙiƙa mummunan bayyanar, an hana shi wannan magabcin kai tsaye ga makiya a cikin mazauninsa. Ba zai yiwu ace wani daga cikin dabbobin da ke karkashin ruwa ya yi niyyar kai irin wannan dodo ba. Ba a ba da shawarar mutane su kusanci wannan halitta ta ruɗani ba.

Tana iya iyo, ba kula ga mai shayarwa ba, amma yana da kyau kada a tsokane ta. Alas, akwai 'yan damar tserewa daga irin wannan jaws jaws.

A wasu ƙasashen Asiya, waɗannan kifayen kifayen sun shahara tsakanin masunta, hakika ana farauta su. An yi imani da cewa hanta na hammerhead kifi yana da arziki a cikin mai da suke da mahimmanci ga jikin mutum. Kasusuwa na wannan kifayen ana amfani dasu don yin abin da ake kira abincin kashi.

Gudun kifi

Kifin Hammer kifi ne mai rai. Amfrayo na girma a cikin mahaifiyar kuma yana ciyarwa da taimakon mahaifa. Cutar ciki tana daga watanni 8 zuwa 11. Ana haihuwar matsakaitan 8 zuwa 25 a lokaci daya. Haka kuma, haɓakar su ƙanana ne - har zuwa 45 cm.

Idan kuna son wannan kayan, raba shi tare da abokanka akan hanyoyin sadarwar sada zumunta. Na gode!

Iyalin Hammerhead

Bayyanar

Mutane da yawa suna jan hankalin abin da hammerfish yayi kama. A jikin mai farautar ba shi da bambanci da shark da muka saba da shi. Tana da tsari mai kyau, launi kuma yana canzawa gwargwadon yanayin halittar. Ainihin, baya yana da duhu (launin toka, launin ruwan kasa), kuma ciki haske ne. Amma kai ne wanda yake da sha'awa ta musamman. Siffar ta T-dimbin yawa. Tsarin kai da kansa ya dogara da "irin" na maharbi, zai iya zama babba ko, biyun kuma, suna da karamin girma. Amma babban abin magana shi ne cewa kowane mutum yana da kamannin peculiar, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake kiran shi kifin guduma. Ana iya kallon hotuna a ƙasa. A ƙarshen "matakai" na kai idanu ne. Wadannan kifayen suna iya ganin digiri 360. Abin sha'awa, a cikin wadannan magabatan hangen nesan ya dogara da girman "guduma". Mafi girma shine, mafi kyawun yanki a gabanta ana dubanta.

Abin da ke ci

Kifi mai guduma shine maharbi wanda ke cin abincin sauran kifin, kifin kifi, skates da crayfish. An sani cewa ko da masassara ba sa jin tsoron waɗannan kifin sharks, sabili da haka, waɗannan mazaunan ruwa na iya shiga abincinsu. Wannan kifin yana da jiki mai sauƙin sassauƙa wanda zai ba ka damar yin rawar motsa jiki ba tare da ba wa wanda aka azabtar damar ba. Bugu da ƙari, ƙusoshin iko masu ƙarfi suna ba da hanzari ga kifi. Siffar kai yana aiki azaman mai kwantar da hankali lokacin juyawa. Duk waɗannan halayen suna sa hammerhead shark ya zama mai nasara a cikin gwagwarmaya, har ma da abokin hamayya wanda ya fi shi girma. Bugu da kari, tashin hankali yana ba ta damar kai farmaki ba kawai kifayen da suke da rauni ba, har da dabbobi masu shayarwa.

Kodayake kifin hammerhead mafarauci ne mara tsoro, amma “kare ne mara kare”. Saboda haka, wasu matuƙan jirgin ruwa suka lura da yadda garken waɗannan kifayen kifayen ke bin manyan jiragen ruwa na kwanaki, suna cinye sharar da mutane suka zubar a ruwa.

Hadari ga mutane

Kallon ƙaramin bakin murƙumar hammerhead da ke ƙasa da kai, da wuya ka faɗi cewa haɗari ne ga mutane. Tabbas, wannan maharbin ba ya cinye mutane da gangan, amma duk da haka ita ce ta mamaye matsayi na uku a yawan hare-hare kan masu hutu. Gaskiyar ita ce kifin hammerhead ya zama mai matukar tayar da hankali a lokacin kiwo, kuma don shayar da kananan dabbobin da suke iyo zuwa ruwa mai sanyi daga bakin teku. A cikin waɗannan wuraren ne masu yin hutu yawanci suke hutawa. A cikin yaƙin da wannan halitta, mutum bai taɓa kasancewa mai cin nasara ba.

Amma sharks hammerhead suma sun zama mutane da aka azabtar dasu, saboda su samfuran kamun kifi ne mai mahimmanci. A dafa abinci, dafaffun hanta, hanta da naman naman ana godiya sosai. Wadannan kayan suna da dadi kuma suna cikin bukatu masu yawa. Ragowar suna cikin gari, daga abin da aka shirya kayan kifaye. Kari akan haka, launin fata mai mahimmanci ba shi da mahimmanci.

Kiwo

Siffar kai ba abu bane da ke jan hankalin kifin guduma. Bayanin yadda wadannan mahara suka kiwo shima abin mamaki ne. Suna viviparous, yayin da sauran kifayen suka ƙare. Iyaye mata suna haihuwar 'ya'yansu kamar yadda dabbobi masu shayarwa. Lokacin haihuwa, ana gudunar da “guduma” ta jiki don a haife shi ba tare da wahala ba. A hankali, shugaban kifin ya zama, kamar yadda yake a cikin manya.

Habitat

Wadannan sharks sun fi son kasancewa cikin yanayi mai ɗumi da dumi. Ana iya samunsu a cikin Tekun Atlantika, Pacific da tekun Indiya. Yayin da kifin har yanzu yana ƙarami, ana ajiye shi cikin ruwa mara ƙima ko a kasan biya. A wa annan wuraren ya fi sauƙi a gare su su sami kwarewar mafarauci. Suna girma, suna zuwa zurfin iyo.

Hammer kifi: gaskiya ban sha'awa da kuma bayanai

Bayan halaye na ban mamaki na waje, wannan mazaunin cikin ruwa yana mamakin abubuwan da ke tafe:

Idan kifin yana cikin ruwa mara zurfi, fatar ƙamshin hammerhead na iya zama tan. Wannan ikon bashi da kowa a doron kasa, sai dai mutum da alade.
Babban kifin guduma wanda yazo wurin wani mutum ya kai kusan mita 8, kuma a lokaci guda nauyinta yayi daidai da kilo 363.
Wannan maƙiyin ba shi da abokin gaba sai parasites da mutane.
Wannan kifin yana buƙatar motsawa koyaushe don ya kasance cikin yanayin "iyo", tunda ba shi da kumfa.
Wadannan sharks suna ganin hoto mai “hoto” saboda idanunsu masu fa'ida. Mafi girma guduma, da mafi kyawun kallo. Kodayake baya ganinta kai tsaye a gabanta, motsin kai na kai yana sa ya yiwu "ninka" hoton gaba daya.
Kasuwancin Hammerhead na iya farautar '' yan 'uwansu mata kaɗan.
Waɗannan su ne kawai kifayen da ba sa tsoron cutar guba.
Jikinsu yana da sassauƙa wanda zai iya "samarda" kusan a cikin rabi.
Mata suna neman wuri a tsakiyar makarantar. A nan ne maza suke ƙoƙarin samun don samun ƙaƙƙarfan "budurwa".
Humansan Adam ba su yi nazarin cinikin naman guduma ba.

Ina so in san komai

Duk daya ne, akwai wakilai na dabbobin daji wadanda gaba daya sun bambanta da wasu kuma hakika suna kama da kwayoyin halitta. Me yasa haka

Misali, Shark din Hammerhead na daya daga cikin halittun da ba a saba dasu ba. Bayyanar eccentric na shark hammerhead yana haifar da abin mamaki gauraye da tsoro, musamman ga waɗanda ke fuskantar hakan a karo na farko. Baya ga nau'in kai na waje, wannan maharbin yana da girma babba a girmansa: matsakaicin tsawon ƙamshin hammerhead bai wuce mita 4 ba, kuma wasu samfuran sun kai mita 7-8.

Bayyanar daidaitaccen tsari da girma mai ban sha'awa ba su hana wannan kifin haɓaka haɓaka mai girma da kuma nuna rawar wuya. Siffofin maharbi sun hada da rashin kyawawan dabi'u: an yi imanin cewa kusan ba zai yiwu a fito da nasara ba a yaƙin tare da wannan shark. Kifin hammerhead yana kewaye da yawancin asirin.

Kuma kodayake yawancin masanan fasahar dabi'a ta masana kimiyya sun gano su, amma har yanzu ba a amsa wasu tambayoyin ba. Don haka abin da aka sani a yau game da ƙammar hammerhead - wata halitta ce wacce idan kun kalli tsananin farin ciki, numfashi yana saurin motsawa kuma zuciyarku ta saki jiki?

Hammerhead kifin kifi a cikin dangin kifi shine sabon haihuwa. An yi imani da cewa sun bayyana ne kawai miliyan 40 da suka gabata. Amma ba wanda ya tabbata game da wannan. Ba mu da ɗan sani game da asalin guduma.Daga cikin kifayen fata kusanci bai kasance burbushin halittu ba, kuma wannan shine babban tushen bayani game da rayuwar dabbobin.

Daga tsohuwar kifayen, wanda kasusuwarsa ya ƙunshi ƙasusuwa masu ƙarfi, tarihin tarihin ya kasance. Amma kwarangwal na sharks sun ƙunshi mafi yawan katako, saboda haka yawanci hakora da jaws ne kawai ya rage daga gare su. Wannan yana nuna cewa muna da ƙarancin tabbaci game da asalin ƙasƙantar sharks.

Masana ilimin halittu koyaushe sun yi imani cewa siffar guduma wadda muke lura da ita yanzu, shugaban dabbar Shark ya samo hankali, sama da miliyoyin shekaru. Kuma abin da aka sani, siffar kai, mai ɗaukar hoto, tanada kowane zamani a ƙaramin nesa. Miliyoyin shekaru daga baya, ƙamshin maƙalar da muka sani yanzu ya bayyana.

Amma sabon bayanan bincike game da kwayoyin halitta ya juya wannan ka'idar gaba daya. Yanzu, wasu masana kimiyya sunyi imani da cewa guduma bai bayyana sakamakon canje-canje na hankali ba, amma sakamakon maye gurbi ne wanda ya faru kwatsam. Ga masana ilimin halitta da yawa, wannan yana kama da karkatacciyar koyarwa, ra'ayin da Darwin zai birgima a cikin kabarinsa in da ya ji.

Yanayi wani lokacin yakan haifi freaks, amma kusan basa tsira. Wani lokaci yakan zama cewa ɗayan waɗannan dabbobi masu rai ne, daga baya aka haife sabon. Shin farkon hammerhead ya kasance ɗayan waɗannan ɓoyayyun? Zai yuwu kawai wata madaidaiciyar ƙazamar lalacewa ta sanya ta sabuwar hanyar zama.

Idanun ta sunyi kaushi a bangarorin har ta kasa duba kai tsaye, sabili da haka ba shi yiwuwa farauta da idanuwanta. Ya kasance ko dai don daidaitawa ko mutu.
Bayan da ta nutse, sai ta fara dogara da sauran hankulan mutane don neman abinci sai ta zama wata mafarauci mai gwaninta, wanda aka san mu yanzu.

Yana iya zama kamar alama ce mai ban mamaki, amma wannan ka'idar hakika tana bayanin bayyanar irin wannan sabon nau'in guduma mai siffar guduma.
Tarihin Juyin Halittar hammerhead ya kasance mai nasara. A yau tana ɗaya daga cikin jinsunan kifayen fata a duniya, kuma a wasu wuraren ana tattara su da yawa mai ban mamaki.

Daruruwan mutane suna kama bakin tekun. Kadan ne sauran nau'in kifayen kifayen ke samar da irin waɗannan garken. Wannan shine mafi girman asirin teku. Me yasa yawancin wadannan sharuddan kifaye suke taruwa wuri guda, a lokaci guda. Abin takaici, a cikin waɗannan manyan garken, mafi yawancin mata ne, kuma ba mu san dalilin da ya sa hakan ya faru ba.

Ana tarawa a makarantu, sharks suna aika sakonni ga juna ta hanyar canza yanayinsu ko kuma motsin kawunansu. Aƙalla alamun rarrabe tara tara, watakila da yawa. Wasu alamomin gargaɗi ne bayyananne; a cikin ma'anar wasu, zamu iya tsammani kawai.

Largestari mafi girma da rikice-rikice mata suna kallo don mafi kyawun matsayi a tsakiyar haɗin gwiwa, saboda maza suna nema anan don bincika mafi ƙarfin mace. Har yanzu ba a yi nazarin hakoran sharks hammerhead ba. Wannan irin wannan baƙon abu bane wanda kusan babu wanda ya taɓa lura da shi. Matan sun kasance koyaushe ana lullube su cikin yaƙe-yaƙe na yaƙi. Yayin balaga, maza sukan ciji haƙoransu cikin abokin tarayya, kuma a cikin ruwa mai dumin zafi, raunuka sukan kamu da sauri.

Amma kusa da waɗannan bakin teku, koyaushe suna jiran taimako - masu tsabtace kifaye suna zaune a kusa da kankara, wanda, lokacin da ƙamushin hammerhead suka kusanto, saurin zuwa wurin su don shayar da ƙwayoyin fata daga kamuwa da fata. Yana inganta warkarwa mai rauni da kuma tallafawa kifayen sharks a cikin fama. Bayan kusan shekara guda, mata masu juna biyu za su kasance a shirye don haihuwar yaransu. Amma zai faru da nisa daga waɗannan wurare.

Kankuna yan wasan Hammerhead suna haihuwar su a wata hanyar da ba ta dace ba: sabanin yawancin kifayen, suna da viviparous. A jikin mahaifiyar, tayin yayi girma da abinci ta hanyar amfani da tsari irin na mahaifa, amma a cikin kifayen mahaifa, an juyar da guduma zuwa ga jiki. Wannan yana saukaka haihuwar su. Tare da shekaru, shugaban ya sami sananniyar sananniyar T-siffar, wacce ke bambanta manyan kifayen sharho. Amma me yasa waɗannan kifayen kifayen suke da matsala yayin da kusan dukkanin sauran kifayen suke yin ovi?

Misali, karamin cat kamar kifin dabbar teku ya shimfida qwai kowane 'yan makwanni kadan kuma yana riqe su da sasanninta daban-daban. Wadannan qwai na farko an fitar dasu ne daga jiki kafin zuriyarsu su iya girma da kansu. Ksananannun karnuka masu ƙwaya suna girma a cikin kwafin ƙwai kuma ɗayan gabobin farko da za'a iya ganowa sune ƙananan zuciya.

Awanni da yawa, za ta ci abinci a kan ɗan kwai gwaiduwa wanda mahaifiyarta ta bari. An haife su ƙanana da marasa kariya, kuma kaɗan sun tsira.

Sharks Hammerhead suna da akasin dabarun. Lokacin da aka haifi jariri, ya riga yakai santimita 50 a tsayinsa kuma yana iyo sosai. Ya zama dole. Ruwan da ke nan cike suke da magabatansu, kuma da saurin yaran ya motsa, da alama zai iya rayuwa.

Babban taro da sharks hammerhead ya sanya Bay na Cocos Island wani yanki mai masaniyar halittar dan adam. Shark hammerhead yana ga mutane mutane ne da baƙon halitta, musamman saboda nau'in kai, kuma muna ɗaukan duk abin da baƙon abu tare da tsoro da rashin tsoro. Sharks Hammerhead suna da irin wannan bakon tsari wanda tambayoyi masu yawa suka tashi game da juyin wannan sabon tsari, me ya sa ya bayyana, abin da ya dace da shi, idan yana da kowane aiki, menene?

Saboda wannan elongation, idanun Shark sun kasance a gefen gefan. Mutane suna jagorantar akasarin idanu ne saboda haka muna da hangen nesa na binocular. Yana da wuya mana muyi tunanin yadda zai yuwu wanzu yayin da idanun suka kalli fannoni daban-daban. Kuma zamu fara tunanin cewa wannan ba shi da daɗi idan aka kwatanta da abin da muke saba dasu.

A bayyane yake cewa waɗannan kifayen kifayen ba za su iya ganin kai tsaye a gaban su ba kamar sauran ƙasashen sharks. Amma ba ta ga abin da ke gaba ba, tana ganin duniya ta hangen nesa. Yankin gefe-gefe yana taimakawa cike gibin, amma da wuya a tsammaci wannan daga mai ƙaddara. Idanu suna kare ƙwayoyin wuta. Hancin hanci ya kasance a gefen gefuna, da kuma pores a farfajiya kan kai - tare da taimakonsu, kifin ya kama filin wutan lantarki.

A kasan bakin teku, samarin kifayen teku suna koyon farauta. A cikin ruwa mara zurfi, fatar jiki da sauri tayi duhu. Waɗannan dabbobi ne kaɗai sanannu da za su iya yin jayayya in ban da mu. Idan kifin ya tafi farauta, kuna buƙatar faɗakarwa.

Me yasa dangin sphyrnidae (hammerhead) suna buƙatar irin wannan sifar - tambayar da masanin ilimin halitta Stephen Kajiura daga Jami'ar Florida Atlantic ya yi a shekara ta 2009. Teamungiyarsa ta sami nasarar samarda mutane shida masu rai masu ƙoshin lafiya daga cikin kifaye ɗin guduma daban-daban guda uku, an tura su cikin tafki na musamman da aka gina a jami'ar.

An saka Sharks a cikin cornea ido tare da wayoyin lantarki da ke hade da kayan bincike. Kowane ɗayan shark an daidaita, an nuna mata hoto daga jerin fitilu a gaban kowane idonta, kayan aiki a wannan lokacin suna ɗaukar ayyukan lantarki na idanun kifin. Dangane da sakamakon binciken, an gano cewa hangen nesa daga cikin magabatan cin duri ya fi gaban sauran halittun kifaye uku.

Amma, a gefe guda, ƙamshin hammerhead ya sami babban yanki a gaban hancinsa, hoton wanda ba ya isa ga idanuwanta. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa hammerheads ke ƙoƙari don motsawa da kawunansu daga gefe zuwa gefe, da rage yankin kallon mutu.

A cewar shugabar binciken, Michelle MacComb, wataƙila hammerhead wanda aka azabtar, ya kamata ya kasance a cikin yankin ba a isa ga sake dubawa ba kuma za ta iya yin dariya a fili ga maƙiyin da ba zato ba tsammani ya rasa abin da ya farauta. A ƙarshen binciken, an sake fitar da dukkanin sharks a cikin yanayin rayuwarsu, suna da ƙoshin lafiya - adadin kifayen ƙwallon raga yana raguwa a kowace shekara.

Kula hammer ta fi son farauta a gungun dangi, hoton 3D da kwakwalwar ta samu wanda ya bai wa mai farautar ya ki zama ba tare da ganima a cikin ruwa ba. Shrimps da crabs, stingrays da octopuse, daban-daban kifi kasa - suna da kadan damar tserewa daga shark dauke da takamaiman na'urori masu auna fasahar.

Kankuna yan wasan Hammerhead, a cewar likitan dabbobi, shine sabon haɓakar juyin halitta, wanda bai fito ba da daɗewa (kimanin shekaru miliyan 20 da suka gabata). Kaga asalin dangin shine babban girar hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran), daga gare shi ne kananan jinsunan hammerheads sun fito - wannan shine cikar Andrew Martin, masanin halitta daga Jami'ar Colorado.

Dangane da masanin kimiyyar, dalilin asalin kananan kasusuwan raga raga suna da alaƙa da samartaka, i.e. magabatan da zarar sun daina buƙatar kariyar da babban jiki yake bayarwa da aika kuzari zuwa haihuwa.

Kankuna na Hammerhead sun sami fa'ida a kan wasu iyalai na masu tsinkaye - madaidaiciya da madaidaiciyar kawunansu sun ƙunshi ƙarin firikwensin (alal misali, Lorenzini ampoules), wanda ke ba su damar gano ganima da ba a gani da ƙasan yashi.

Bayanan gani na gani da kuma karanta abubuwan da ke tattare da firikwensin electropulse, an hada su gaba daya - gudummawar guduma ta sami cikakken bayani, hoton yana dauke da “alamomi” inda mai yiwuwar cutar ta kasance. Kuma a nan ƙarancin wurin bakin maƙarƙashiya ya dace - an ɗora da kuma haɗiye mazaunan ƙasa.

Kindan Adam na ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar na'urori masu tsinkaye don dalilai na masana'antu da bincike, kuma kifayen sharks sun riga sun sami gudumawa - juyin halitta ya kula.

Babban kifin guduma (Eusphyra blochii) - ɗayan wakilan dangin hammerhead, wanda aka ware a cikin asalin sa. Daga danginsa na kusa, ana bambanta wannan nau'in ta tsattsauran tsattsauran ra'ayi da kuma kunkuntar kusurwoyin kai a kai, an kambi da idanu (wannan a bayyane yake a hoto). Sau da yawa girman mucks shine 40-50% na tsawon jikin kifin (yawanci tsawon kifin ba ya wuce 1.85 m.).

An fara bayanin samfuran farkon kifayen hammerhead da Georges Cuvier ya dawo a 1817, duk da haka, kawai a cikin 1822 wannan notary ya tabbatar da notary da nau'in quail a cikin daban. Bayan haka, binciken DNA na babban hadarin ya nuna cewa ba za a iya yin la'akari da shi shine asalin wasu kifayen hammerhead ba, kamar su babbar ƙifar hammerhead. Wannan nau'in ya bayyana da tsammani kuma ya rayu har zuwa yau, kuma wakilan halittar Sphyrna sun samo asali daga wasu nau'in kifi.

Rarraba babban hammerfish a cikin ruwa mai zurfi da kuma shinge na kasa daga gabar Tekun Fasha har zuwa Filipinas, a gabar ruwan teku na Kudancin China, Taiwan, har ma da ko'ina cikin Oceania har zuwa gabar arewacin Australia.

Launin jikin kifin launin toka ko launin toka-mai launin ruwan kasa a saman, kasan mai magana ne. Yana ciyarwa akasari akan ƙananan masunta, ba sau da yawa yakan ci crustaceans da cephalopods.

Kamar sauran kifayen kifayen, manyan kawunan ke sanya kwai tare da amfrayo. An haife girman matasa a farkon lokacin damuna (Afrilu-Mayu), dabbar ta fara faruwa a watan Yuni-Agusta. Don haka, mace tayi ƙwai da ƙwai na kimanin watanni 8. Matasa mutane a lokacin haihuwa suna da tsawon tsawon 32-45 cm, suna yin jima'i lokacin da suka kai girman kusan 110 cm.

A bayyane yake, babban kifin guduma ba ya haifar da hatsari ga mutane. A Indiya, Pakistan, Malesiya da Thailand, waɗannan kifayen kifayen kayan kamun kifi ne. An cinye naman su, hanta mai wadataccen mai, ragowar ana amfani dasu ne don cin abincin ƙashi.

Shark hammerhead na yau da kullun ya kasance na dangin hammerhead na sharks na tsari na aji na carcharine na kifin na gasa - kamar sauran dangi. An bayyana shi a cikin 1758 ta Karl Linney, sanannen masanin kimiyyar halitta daga Sweden. Hakanan ana kiranta ƙamshin hammerhead mai santsi ko kifin guduma.

Baƙin ciki - saboda ba shi da hutu, halin halayyar wasu nau'ikan, a gefen matattarar “guduma”, saboda ita tana kama da baka a sifa. A halin yanzu, ilimin kimiyya ya san nau'ikan sharholiya hammerhead guda takwas, waɗannan sune kifayen hammerhead - da suke kan kai, Yammacin Afirka, Panama-Caribbean, tagulla da ƙananan-kawuna, da ƙamushin sharma - giant, ƙaramin ƙaramin ido da na talakawa.

Ana samun ƙaramin ƙaramin kifik ɗin Scalloped Hammerhead a Gabas da Yammacin Atlantika, Pacific da tekun Indiya, tsawon sa bai wuce mita 4.5 ba. Yankunan Shark kamar yadda yake shi ne babba a kusan kowa da kowa ban da tsawon sa.

Na gidan gaba daya, wannan nau'in yana da mafi kyawun mazauninsu - ana iya samunsa a kusan dukkanin tekuna, sai dai tekun Arctic da kuma ruwan yanki mai zafi. Yana da wuya a ƙayyade ainihin matsayin mazaunin yankan hammerhead saboda irin kamanninsa mai ƙarfi da sauran nau'ikan kifayen hammerhead.

A matsayinta na, a matsayinta na doka, ta kusanci saman da zurfin kasa da mitoci ashirin - amma an sami bayanan abubuwan haɗuwarta a cikin zurfin har zuwa 200m. Wannan nau'in yana ƙaunar ruwan bakin teku fiye da ƙasa, amma ana iya samunsa a cikin teku, har ma wani lokacin a cikin sabon ruwayen koguna.

Shin ƙyamar hammerhead tana da haɗari ga mutane?

- A'a, ba hatsari bane idan mutum ya kasance kayan tsari ne na farautar danko. Waɗannan magabatan ba sa ciyar da mutane kuma ba sa ɗaukar 'yan Adam ganima.

- Haka ne, yana da ha ari idan aka sami kaiwa mutane hari. An san irin waɗannan abubuwan baƙin ciki na tarihi. Haka kuma, naman alade yatsu yana daya daga cikin sharks goma masu hatsari ga mutane dangane da yiwuwar tsokanar zalunci.

Koyaya, babban dalilin harin shine, ta hanyar wani bakon abu mai ban tausayi, guduma ta zaɓi wuraren da aka fi so don masu hutu a cikin ruwa mai zurfi don su haifar da kifin. Hammerheads suna da wulakanci a wannan lokacin, saboda haka abubuwanda ke faruwa suna faruwa ne lokaci zuwa lokaci, musamman a yankin Hawaii.

Koyaya, ana cutar mafi ƙarancin haɗari ga kifayen mutanen da suka kashe miliyoyin masu ƙin jin daɗi saboda ƙyallen ƙwallafa - babban sinadari a cikin almara, kayan miya mai tsada.

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