Arean kunkuru ana tsare da su a cikin bauta, wanda ke ba da damar childrenan makaranta su tsara aikin bincike da ke da nufin nazarin waɗannan dabbobin da ke da bambanci. A cikin wannan labarin, malamin zai sami mahimman bayanai game da su, kazalika da umarnin ga ɗalibai, wanda zai taimaka wajen jagorantar ayyukan mai binciken matasa "a kan hanya madaidaiciya." Wani marubucin masanin halitta ne ya rubuta labarin, wanda ya daɗe yana dauke da wakilai na kunkuru daban-daban a cikin gidansa kuma ya aiwatar da lura da su.

Kunkuru shine ɗayan rukuni na aji mai rarrabuwa. Wannan tsohuwar rukuni ne na dabbobi masu rarrafe. An rufe su da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan jirgin ƙasa wanda ya kunshi dorsal (carapace) da garkuwar ciki (plastron). An yi su ta hanyar musayar farashi da sauran kasusuwa, don haka ba za a iya cire kunkuru daga cikin harsashi ba tare da lalata sassan kashin sa ba. Daga sama, harsashi na kunkuru ya kasance an rufe shi da faranti mai siffa ƙaho ɗaya iri ɗaya ne ga gashi da ƙusoshinmu. Tsarin, girma da lamba farantin (garkuwa) muhimmiyar nau'in halittu ne. Banda shi mai laushi-fata da kunkuru mai bakin fata, wanda ba su da irin wannan garkuwar. Ofar da harsashi ba shi da iyaka: idan ta faɗi akan duwatsu ko kan kwalta, ana iya lalacewa. Lesungiyoyi, waɗanda suke marmarin jin daɗin sabon nama, juji kunkuru a kan duwatsu, sannan kuma ku samu zuwa ba tare da wata matsala ba.

A kunkuru, ƙwallon ƙafa yana da tsayi, mai gida. A mafi yawancin jinsuna, suna jagoranci salon rayuwa na ruwa, yana da ƙasa da kaɗaita. Garkuwa da keɓaɓɓu da ke rufe kwanon yana girma cikin rayuwar dabbar. A cikin nau'ikan da ke jagorantar salon rayuwa na yanayi, lokacin da ake maye wake wake ta hanyar hibernation, haɓaka abubuwa masu ban tsoro na harsashi yana ƙaruwa yayin rayuwa mai aiki, kuma yana raguwa yayin tsawan bacci. Don haka akan kafa zobban garkuwa, suna kama da zoben shekara-shekara a cikin bishiyoyi. Daga cikinsu zaku iya tantance kimanin shekarun dabba. Ga kunkuru da ke rayuwa a cikin bauta kuma ba sa hibernating, ba shi yiwuwa a san shekarun da zoben.

Duk kunkuru yana ƙaunar zafi, amma har ma da asalin yanayin ƙaunar zafi ba zai iya tsayar da hasken rana kai tsaye ba don mafi yawan awanin lokacin. A wannan lokacin, dabbobi suna kango mai zurfi, mai sanyi ko a shiga ɓarnuwa.Daga haka, galibi yakan iya gudana sauƙaƙe cikin hunturu. Daga cikin kunkuru ma galibi akwai nau'ikan herbivorous, ko kuma, a takaice, mafarautan. A cikin wakilan yawancin su, abincin yana canzawa sosai tare da shekaru. A lokacin yaduwa, kunkuru (ko da ruwa mai ruwa da ruwa) suna sanya ƙwai a ƙasa, binne su a cikin yashi ko wani abin da ya dace. Ci gaban su kai tsaye.

Ana samun wakilan wannan nau'in kunkuru da arewacin duk sauran nau'ikan halittu: suna zaune a wasu yankuna na tsohuwar tarayyar Soviet, kazalika a wasu ƙasashen Asiya, ciki har da Pakistan, Iran har ma da China. A halin yanzu, an sami nasarar shawo kan 'yanto. Kamar sauran nau'ikan, maza na Tsatsauran Asiya ta Tsakiya suna da wutsiya mai tsayi da ɗan ƙaramin juzu'in caraan wasan da ake kira plastron. Paarfin waɗannan kunkuru yana da ƙarfi, kuma ɓangaren ɓangaren ɓangaren tafiyar - carapace - ya yi laushi. Wannan ya basu damar saukin abubuwa a cikin asalin su don boyewa daga tsananin zafin rana ko lokacin sanyi.

Sakamakon lurawar da na yi game da halayen kunkuru da aka adana a cikin yanayin yanayi na nuna cewa waɗannan dabbobin suna nuna wani yanayi na haɓaka kuma suna da ikon ƙirƙirar abubuwan shakatawa. Lokacin da aka kusanci farfaɗar ɗan adam, kunkuru na tsakiyar Asiya ya yi birgima kai tsaye zuwa gilashin gaban ɗakin da suke da kyakkyawar fata don karɓar abinci, kuma a cikin wannan halin zai kasance da wahala ba a haɗuwa da su ...

Wasu marubutan sun lura cewa kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya, wanda aka saki a ƙasan ɗakin, ya tuna da hanyar zuwa mai ba shi sauƙi, kuma ya zagaya cikin ɗakin tare da “hanyoyin da aka fi so”.

Lura da dabbobin dabbobin na, na lura cewa akwai bambance-bambance masu bambanci tsakanin mutanen kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya, waɗanda aka bayyana a gwargwadon ayyukan motsa jiki da kuma ci abinci a ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayin tsare. Abin ban sha'awa, wani abu mai kunnawa, alal misali, halayen abinci na dabba na musamman, shine aikin wani mutum wanda ya riga ya fara ciyarwa. Lokacin da na rike kunkuru na Asiya ta Tsakiya a cikin daki guda tare da ƙoshin jeji, ƙwanƙwarar Mongolian, Dole in ga lambobin wulakanci na azaba ta hanyar gurɓatattun dabbobi masu rarrafe masu ƙuruciya tare da niyya in kwashe ganyen kabeji daga gare su. A lokaci guda, akwai ganyen kabeji “babu mutum-mutum” kusa da nan, wanda a wani lokaci ya kasance ba tare da jan hankalin "burin da ake turawa ba".

Na jawo hankali akai-akai game da gaskiyar cewa bayan ƙarshen cin abinci, kusan dukkanin kunkuru na tsakiyar Asiya yawanci kan sami raguwa sosai a cikin ayyukan jiki.

My dabbobi masu rarrafe sun kasance halayen halayen halayen halayen halaye na lokaci-lokaci. Wani takamaiman misali: kunkuru yana motsawa tare da bangon terrarium, yana jujjuya 180 kuma yana motsa tare da bango guda a cikin kishiyar sashi. A gaban kusurwa na terrarium, ana maimaita yanayin. Wannan gurguje marar tsayawa "baya da gaba" na iya wuce minti da dama. Tare da irin wannan dorewa, mbewar Asiya ta Tsakiya na iya "tona rami" a kusurwar filin jirgin sama. A lokaci guda, tana karyewa kuma tana rawar jiki tare da harsashi, wanda hakan na iya fusata mutumin da ke tare da ita a daki guda. Musamman maras kyau waɗannan saututtukan masu ƙarfi da maimaitawa cikin dare (alal misali, a cikin yanayin da mutum yake son yin bacci). Wannan fasalin kunamar ƙasar, ba shakka, dole ne a la'akari lokacin da aka yanke shawara ko za'a fara dashi a matsayin dabbobi. A cikin adalci, ya kamata a lura cewa a mafi yawan lokuta, wani lokaci bayan an kunna tushen haske da zafi a cikin farfajiyar jirgin, kuma abin motsa jiki (kuma musamman maɗaukaki) kunkuru ya kan rage ko ya tsaya baki ɗaya, saboda zazzabi jikinsu a hankali yana raguwa, kuma da shi matakan matakan rayuwa na waɗannan dabbobin da ke da jini-sanyi.

Tattaunawa ta musamman ta cancanci sanannen ra'ayi game da kiyaye wakilan nau'ikan dabbobi daban daban da tsirrai, samar da “yanayin halittar mutum” a farfajiyar gida. Ni kaina da kaina, da rashin alheri, mummunar gogewar kula da dabbobin daji - kunkuru na Asiya da Tsakiyar Mongolian. Gerbils, an tsare shi na ɗan lokaci ba tare da mafaka ba, ba tsammani ya kawo zuriya - tsirara, makafi, cuban marayu. Wannan ya faru ne lokacin da danginmu ke bakin aiki. Lokacin da na dawo gida da yamma, na firgita na hango a cikin kunkuru na kunkuru jikin wani daga cikin yaran, wanda aka ci tare da yardar abin sha daga jikin mai rarrashi. Sauran cubanda, ga alama, an riga an cinye su da farko. Ta wannan hanyar mai ban tausayi, sakamakon sakaci na, an tabbatar da wata ƙima-san gaskiya game da abubuwan da ke faruwa a ƙasar. A lokaci guda, ba makawa cewa shuka abinci a cikin abincinsu tabbas suna taka rawar gani. Na sanya daki a cikin kunkuru da kunkuru mai nauyin gaske, tare da fadi da fadi, matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaitan kwari, wanda dabbobi masu rarrafe ba za su iya juyawa ba. Na yi imani da cewa ta wannan hanyar na magance matsalar dangantakar tsakanin wakilan waɗannan nau'ikan dabbobi. Amma na sake kuskure ne. Bayan wani dan lokaci, sai na sami raunuka na zubar da jini a gwiwar gabar kunkuru na kunkuru na Tsakiyar Asiya ta Tsakiya. Abubuwan lura na dogon lokaci sun haifar da sakamako. Ya juya cewa gerbils lokaci-lokaci yakan hau zuwa kunkuru daga baya kuma ya ɗan ciza su ga ƙananan ƙashin ƙafa! Dalilan wannan halayyar 'a bayan fage ne,' amma abubuwan da a bayyane suke. Kamar yadda kuka sani, hakoran jijiyoyi suna da kaifi, suna kaɗa kai, don haka ɗaukar hamayya na gerbils da kunkuru ba zai iya kasancewa ba tare da sakamako ba don bayyanar da matsayin lafiyar ƙarshen rayuwar. Wakilan wadannan nau'ikan dabbobin guda biyu dole ne su kasance cikin gaggawa cikin dakuna daban-daban, da kunkuru - don bayar da agajin gaggawa ...

Menene ƙarshe? Babu shakka, yunƙurin haɗe tare da wakilan nau'ikan halittu daban-daban yakamata a yi bincike mai zurfi game da ilimin halitta daga hanyoyin da aka buga. Arfafawa a cikin wannan binciken ya kamata a yi daidai kan gano halaye na dangantakar tsakanin dabbobi dabam dabam. Bayan haka, bayan hada abubuwa masu rai a cikin daki daya, ya zama dole a gudanar da abubuwan lura na dogon lokaci game da huldarsu. Idan yana da ƙarfi a cikin yanayi, wanda zai iya zama haɗari ga wakilan kowane ɗayan jinsin, mazaunin dabbobi ya zama dole, kuma ba za ku iya yin shakka ba. A lokaci guda, kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa ba zaku hango komai a gaba ba ...

Zai yi wuya a kula da kunkuru na ƙasa kuma tare da tsire-tsire na cikin gida waɗanda ake amfani da su don yin ado da terrarium. Idan kunkuru zai iya kai su, to da waɗannan tsire-tsire za a ci ko karye ta wata gabar jiki mai ƙarfi da ragowar dabbobi masu rarrafe. Na ga hanyoyi uku daga wannan yanayin. Hanya ta farko ta fita: ana sanya tsire-tsire masu rai a cikin tukwane akan lejin dutse ko shiryayye mai shinge a bangon da ke bayan gidan cikin farfajiyar. Sannan furanni zasu zama marasa isa ga kunkuru, wanda basu san hawa ba, kuma a matsayinka na mai mulki, baya hadarin yin shi. Hanya ta biyu ta fita: ana sanya tsire-tsire masu rai kusa da bango na bango na terrarium, amma a waje, wanda zai tabbatar da rashin ikon su ga dabbobi masu rarrafe. Hanya ta uku: a bango na bango mai kyau na terrarium daga waje, zaku iya gyara allo mai kyawun launi mai launi tare da hoton tsire-tsire na cikin gida (alal misali, cacti), wanda zai haifar da mafarki na ginin yanayin yanayin yanayin kunkuru na ƙasa. 'Yancin zabi shine ga kowane mai sha'awar terrarium ...

CIGABA DA TAFIYA (Pelodiscus sinensis)

Sunan na biyu na wannan nau'in dabbobi shine leatherariyar fata fata ta gabas. Tana zaune a cikin tabkuna da koguna. A waje, ya bambanta sosai da sauran nau'ikan kunkuru. Pacewalƙwalwarsa zagaye-zagaye yana rufe da fata mai laushi wanda bashi da garkuwa na jaraba. Neckaƙƙarfan dabba yana da tsawo, an shimfiɗa ƙwanƙwaran cikin proboscis tare da hanci a ƙoshinsa. Wannan yana ba ku damar zama ƙarƙashin ruwa a asirce, yana sa proboscis don yin numfashi. Wsoƙurwa tare da membranes tsakanin yatsunsu, wutsiya takaice, jiki ya lalace. Wannan kunkuru babban danshi ne mai ruwa da ruwa. Ba shi da nisa da ruwa, kawai yana warms a kan bankunan, kuma yana cinikin abincinsa a cikin ruwa, kamun kifin, kifin, ɓawon burodi, tsutsotsi, kwari da tsutsa. Mafi girman tsalle na tortoise a gefen sa shine 35 cm.

Trionics suna matukar kishin yankinsu da kuma haƙurin juna koda kuwa na mutane iri ɗaya ne. Idan ka sayi ƙaramin kunkuru biyu, a tsawon lokaci ɗayansu zai ci gaba da girma da sauri kuma fara tsoratar da maƙwabta. Sakamakon gwagwarmaya yana da tsauri, saboda waɗannan kunkuru suna da fata mai sauƙin fata. Kamuwa da cuta na fungal na iya shiga cikin raunuka sakamakon yaƙin, wanda waɗannan dabbobin ke da saurin kamuwa. Cutar tana yawan mutuwa. Gabaɗaya, za'a iya sanin cewa Trionics sun fi karfin kunkuru na waɗansu ruwayoyi, waɗanda dole ne a yi la’akari da su yayin riƙe waɗannan masu rarrafe a cikin bauta.

Wani ƙaramin kunkuru na wannan nau'in ba zato ba tsammani ya zo wurina a watan Fabrairu 2003. Kamar yadda ƙwarewa tawa ta nuna, wata ƙaramar dabba mai ɗauke da tsinkar tsintsiya tsawon cm 5 cm ta riga ta cije sosai. Har yanzu ina tunawa da “bulldog” na ƙaramin ƙarfi amma mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi tare da gefuna mai kaifi, duk da cewa shekaru da yawa sun shude tun daga wannan lokacin ... Ba zai yiwu a tsammani a gaba cewa ciji irin wannan dabba mai santsi na iya zama mai raɗaɗi ba.

Ya kasance abin ba'a don kallon kunkuru ya shimfiɗa dogon wuyansa sama yayin da yake numfashi, yana ƙoƙarin kai saman ruwa tare da kunkuntar proboscis tare da ƙoshin hancinsa a gaba don yin wani sakewa da shawa. Kasancewa a cikin ruwa, dabba tana ƙaunar dogon lokaci don bijirar da ita daga sama da kai tare da hanci da idanu. A lokaci guda, ƙananan sashin kai, wuyansa, gangar jikin sa da wata gabar jiki ya kasance a cikin yanayin yanayin ruwa.

Urtyalina ya kasance mai motsi sosai, yana motsawa sosai yayin ko a kusa da kasan akwatin kifaye. Anan ne ta sami "nooks" wanda a ciki ta ɓoye daga haske mai ƙarfi kuma ta huta. Komawa zuwa kasan tafki na wucin gadi, kullun tana “ƙwanƙwasawa” kuma tana bincika sassan ɓangaren ƙasa a hankali, tana nutsar da proboscis a cikin yashi. Tana ƙaunar kasancewa a farfajiya, tana kwance ƙafafunta a saman tsire-tsire masu ruwa a ruwa.

Tkuru yana iyo a cikin ruwa ruwa a hankali, ya kwashe shi, wani lokacin kuma ya rasa. Abincin da ke kwance a ƙasa, ya yi akasin haka, jaws sun kama shi daidai, a karo na farko. Da aka saba da ciyar da hancin, kunkuru ya bi hannun wani mutum, wanda aka ɗaga daga sama kusan zuwa saman ruwa, a fili yana jiran abinci.

Bayan ƙarshen tsarin ciyarwa, "kan cikakken ciki," kunkuru ya ɓoye fiye da yadda aka saba, an kashe a ƙasan gidan kifin cikin yanayin rashin rayuwa. A lokaci guda, bakin dabba yana buɗewa, wanda a bayyane ya tabbatar da numfashi ta hanyar musayar gas mai aiki tare da matsakaiciyar ruwa ta cikin mucous membrane na bakin kogo.

RED-EAR FRESHWATER TURTLE (Trachemysscriptaelegans)

Wakilan wannan nau'in suna haifar da rayuwa mai kyau na ruwa, saboda haka dabbobinsu suna sanye da membranes masu ƙarfi. Kyakkyawan fasalin nau'in sune nau'i biyu na rawaya, ruwan lemo ko ja - '' kunnuwa '' waɗanda ke a gaɓoɓin kai. Tsawon saurin tafiyar ya kai 28 cm.

A yanayi, ana rarraba shi daga jihohin gabashin Amurka zuwa Arewa maso Gabashin Mexico. Yana faruwa a cikin rami mai wari tare da tuddai mai lalacewa. Kwanan nan, ana samun mafi yawan lokuta a wuraren da aka nisa daga asalin asalin. Wannan matsuguni ya kasance saboda gaskiyar cewa a wasu lokuta, kunkuru ya gudu daga wurin masu shi, kuma a wasu - mutane suna sakin dabbobi masu ban haushi a cikin ruwa mafi kusa. Urtwararrun kunkuru da aka fito da su cikin ruwan na Jamus da sauran ƙasashen Turai sun samo tushe a can saboda kyakkyawan yanayi. Haka kuma, akwai hujjar cewa ““an Amurkawa” suna cika kunkuru da Turawa daga mazauninsu na al'ada. A cikin mahaifar waɗannan kunkuru, lokacin sanyi da lokacin bazara. A lokacin aiki, kunkuru yana kashe mafi yawan lokacinsu a rana. A yanayin zafi da ke ƙasa da digiri 15 C sai su zama masu ƙiba, kuma a digiri 10 C sai su faɗa cikin tsananin sanyi, suna shiga cikin maɓuɓɓugar ƙasa.

Babban abincin da aka kwashe a kamun kifi shine kifaye, ƙanana, ciyawar, da shrimp. Bugu da kari, da sha'awar ci duckweed, kabeji, salatin. Kunkuru ya maimaita a ko wace shekara. Ana dage sa qwai daga Yuli zuwa Satumba.

A watan Yuni na 2001, wani ƙaramin kunkuru mai launin ja tare da cuta ta gargajiya ga wakilan wannan nau'in, da laushi da harsashi, ya zo wurina a matsayin "kyauta". Abin farin, cutar ta kasance a ɗayan matakan farko na ci gabanta, kuma an warke dabbar. Kamar yadda ka sani, wannan cuta na faruwa ne sakamakon karancin kalsiya a jikin jikin mai rarrafe kuma tana bayyana kanta a gaba gabaɗaya daga cututtukan metabolism da rashi na bitamin rukunin D .. Idan cutar ta dabba bata wuce gona da iri ba, zaku iya canza yanayin ta hanyar bayar da dabbobi masu rarrafe ko kifi tare da wasu. yawan abubuwan karawa na ma'adinai (alli, abincin kashi, kwasfa mai kwalliya daga qwai kaza). Haka kuma ya kamata a yi don dalilai na hanawa, ƙoƙarin hana bayyanar abubuwa masu rarrafe na alamun farko na rashin daidaituwa na abubuwa a cikin jiki.Koyaya, matsalar ita ce kunkuru mai jan gashi-mafi yawanci suna cin abinci a ruwa. A lokaci guda, ƙara ma'adinai a lokaci ɗaya ya rabu da babban abincin (nama ko kifi) kuma baya shiga jikin dabbar abincin. A cikin hanyar kansa, ba tare da haɗuwa tare da babban abincin ba, ƙarar ma'adinin ba ta cinye ta kunkuru.

Na sami hanya mai sauƙi kuma mai araha daga yanayin da aka bayyana a sama, wanda zai ba ku damar amfani da allurar ma'adanai yadda ya kamata cikin jikin mai fama da mara lafiya. Kuna buƙatar ɗaukar wani nama, mirgine shi a cikin kwasfa mai yan ƙasa, sannan a matse matsi da yatsunsu a dukkan bangarorin. A wannan yanayin, harsashi yana manne da nama kuma, ya fada cikin ruwa, ba ya raba kansa da kansa ko da kunkuru ya hadiye abincin .. Ciyar da kai na yau da kullun mara lafiya tare da kayan ma'adinai yana bada taimako ga saurin farfadowa idan jikin dabba ya kasance mai karfi (wanka rana, sanyawa iska mai iska tare da amfani da fitilar ma'adini, bayar da abincin dabbobi masu rarrafe da ke ɗauke da bitamin na ƙungiyoyin A, D, E). A dabi'ance, duk waɗannan ayyuka don inganta dabba ya kamata a kula da su sosai.

Kayan da ya dace na “gidan” don kunkuru mai launin ja ba abu bane mai sauki. Lokacin adana shi a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da ruwa, kar ku manta cewa mai rarrafe yana buƙatar yanki, wanda akan iya fita idan ya cancanta, shakatawa da dumama. Saboda haka, anan, a tsayin da ake buƙata, tushen wutan lantarki mai haske da zafi (misali, fitilar incandescent na yau da kullun) yakamata ya kasance cewa yana ɗora saman "tsibirin" zuwa zazzabi na 30 - 35 C. A nan dabbar da ke da jini mai sanyi tare da zafin jiki mai canzawa zai yi aiki a daidai lokacin da ya dace da ita sunadarai na gudana a jiki. Hakanan ana buƙatar mai hita wutar aquarium tare da mai sarrafa zazzabi, wanda aka nutsar dashi cikin ruwa kuma an gyara shi tare da kofuna waɗanda zasu sha kan bango ko kasan ramin wucin gadi. Matsakaicin zafin jiki na ruwa shine kusan 25 digiri C. A yayin da yanayin zafin jiki na ɗakin bai faɗi ƙasa da wannan alamar ba, ba lallai ba ne a yi amfani da injin na ɗakin iska.

Healthyaƙƙarfan lafiya, ƙyauyen ja, wanda aka adana shi a cikin mafi kyawun yanayi, wayar hannu ce, mai son sha'awa, tana da kyakkyawar ci da ɗabi'a mai ban sha'awa. Koyaya, dole ne a ɗauka a hankali cewa ƙaramin kunkuru zai fara girma kuma ya juya zuwa babbar dabba mai nauyi tare da tsawon kwasfa 20 cm, ko ma ƙari. Ko akwatin kifaye ko akwatin kifayen, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don kula da shi a farkon, babu shakka ba zai dace da daɗaɗɗen mahaifa ba. Yakamata yakamata ayi la'akari da wannan matsalar tun kafin samun ƙarami, ƙaramin abu mai rarrafe. Kari akan haka, dabbar da ta manyanta tana cin abinci mai yawa kuma, a saboda haka, ta jefa dumbin sharar gida a cikin mahallin da ke gurbata da lalata ruwa. Sabili da haka, ana tace matattarar akwatin kifaye mai tsabta da tsabtace gidaje na yau da kullun inda wurin keɓaɓɓe zai buƙaci. Saboda haka, kafin yanke shawara ko don fara ƙaramin kunkuru mai iyo cikin ruwa a gida, ya kamata kuyi tunani sosai game da shi ... Zai zama da wuri ba don tattaunawa tare da ɗaliban da ke kula da dabbobi da yawa a gida kuma ba koyaushe suke tunanin sakamakon sakamakon waɗannan ayyukan ba. Ya kamata a jaddada cewa alhakin rayuwa da lafiyar dabbar dabbar da ta dogara da mai shi. Idan, har yanzu, an riga an kawo kunkuru a gidan, zai zama mara hankali a daina amfani da wannan halin don dalilai na horo. Malami game da ilimin halittu na iya gayyatar ɗalibi don gudanar da bincike da gwaje-gwaje iri-iri kan abubuwan rarrafe, masu jagora a ƙasa keɓancewa, marubucin wannan labarin.

Umarnin don nazarin kunkuru kunkuru

1. Yi cikakken bayani game da wallafe-wallafen game da rarrabawa, alamu da keɓaɓɓun nau'in ƙurulan da kake karantawa.

2. Yin amfani da litattafai don masu son terrarium, nemo yadda ake samun ingantattun wakilai na wannan nau'in kunkuru da ke cikin bauta.

3. Bayyana daki dalla-dalla game da wuraren shakatawa da kake karantawa inda aka kwatanta su kuma ka kwatanta wannan kwatankwacin ka'idojin kiyaye dabbobi masu rarrafe a cikin wadanda aka riga aka san ka.

4. Yi la'akari da kyau kuma ka bayyana dalla-dalla game da sifar sifar kunkuru da kake karantawa (girman da siffar jiki, launinta, bayyanar waje na kwasfa da ƙafarta, da wurin da hankula). Bayyana dalilin da yasa wannan dabba take da irin wannan kallon.

5. Kula da saurin motsi a cikin kunkuru a cikin ƙasa ko aquaterrarium, da kuma kan hanyarsa ta motsawa sararin samaniya. Idan kunkuru mai ruwa ne - kwatancen fasalin motsin sa akan ƙasa da ruwa.

6. Yayin aiwatar da bincike akai-akai da kuma amfani da kayan aikin lantarki da suka dace, bincika tsawon lokacin kunkuru na ruwanka yayi kan ƙasa, da kuma yawan ruwa a cikin yanayin yanayi daban-daban (zazzabi na yanayi, matakin haske).

7. Yi 'yan kallo sannan ka gano tsawon lokacin da kunkuru ke kashewa babu motsi, kuma nawa ne - a yanayin aiki a wani zazzabi a cikin farfajiyar. Yi yanke shawara game da mataki na dabba na dabba a cikin waɗannan yanayin zafin jiki. Idan ana kiyaye dabba a wurinka, canza zafin jiki na iska a cikin farfaƙi kaɗan kaɗan (a cikin ƙimar da aka yarda da shi) kuma yi yawancin maimaitawa. Kwatanta sakamakon, tsara abubuwan ƙarshe.

8. Yi saiti da yawa kuma gano tsawon lokacin kunkuru ya ciyar da yanayin motsi, kuma nawa ne - a yanayin aiki kafin da kuma bayan ciyar. Kwatanta kuma bayyana sakamakon.

9. Idan kunkuru ya kasance ruwa mai laushi - yi 'yan abubuwan lura sannan ka gano tsawon lokacin da dabbar za ta ciyar a kasa kafin ciyarwa, da kuma nawa - bayan. Kwatanta kuma bayyana sakamakon.

10. Idan dabba tana cikin farfajiyar gidanka, a cikin aiwatar da lura da gwaje-gwaje, yi nazari kan fasalin abincinsa. A lokaci guda, ba da amsoshin waɗannan tambayoyin:

- Wadanne nau'ikan abinci ake cin abinci da dabbobi masu rarrafe?

- Me ke tantance shin dabbar zata fara ciyarwa ko a'a?

- Sau nawa kunkuru da kuke karantawa ke cin abinci iri-iri

"Kunkuru ne ke cin abincinsa kuma yana da haƙora?"

11. Kirkiro sakamakon bincikenka ta hanyar gabatar da komputa sannan ka faɗi game da su a taron da'ira ko a fannin nazarin halittu.

1. Gurzhiy A.N. Terrarium. - M.: Veche, 2005.

2. Kubykin R.A. Kunkuru. Kin san ta? / Rayayyun taskokin Kazakhstan. - Alma-Ata: Kazakhstan, 1979.

3. Kudryavtsev S.V., Frolov V.E., Korolev A.V. Terrarium da mazaunanta. - M.: Masana'antar gandun daji, 1991.

4. Sosnovsky I.P. Amphibian da daji iri-iri. - m: masana'antar kiwo, 1983. - 143 p.

5. Alderton D. Dabbobin gida: Encyclopedia. - M.: Buga gidan Rosman-Press, 2002.

6. Sumatokhin S.V. Bukatun ofwararrun Ilimi na Jiha na Tarayya don ilimi da bincike da ayyukan ƙira // Kwayoyin halitta a makaranta. - 2013. - A'a. 5.

7. Sumatokhin S.V. Binciken ilimi a cikin ilmin halitta a
bisa ga GEF: inda zan fara, abin da za a yi, menene sakamakon cimma // Biology a makaranta. - 2014. - A'a. 4.

Hankali

Idan kunkuru ya ji dadi, dole sai an yi wanka lokaci-lokaci. Zai isa sau 1-2 a mako. Yana buƙatar warke bayan wanka kuma ya bushe. Don hana wannan daga faruwa: yanayin zai yi sanyi, kuma za ku bar dabbar a ƙasa ko kuma cire shi nan da nan zuwa farfajiyar budewa, a cikin yanayi wanda zai iya kama sanyi.

Lafiya na kunkuru

Lafiyarta cikin '' kuran ta dogara ne da irin abincin da take ci. Rashin abinci mai inganci yana ba da gudummawa ga jinkirin da nakasa harsashi, rashi na dabbobi, wanda ke gajarta rayuwarsa. Don kowane alamun cutar rashin lafiya, tuntuɓi likitan dabbobi nan da nan. Likita zai bincika kuma ya ba da magani.

Karka yi kokarin maganin kunkuru da kanka, ba tare da neman likitan dabbobi ba. Kula da gidan kunkuru da yanayin abinci don kada ya sami matsala na lafiya.

Ciyar da abinci

Abincin da ya dace don kunkuru yana da matukar muhimmanci. Abincin kunkuru na kunkuru a cikin hunturu da bazara na da bambance-bambancen kansu. Kunkuru yana jin kusancin yanayin sanyi, koda yana cikin ɗaurin hoto kuma zafin jiki bai canza da yawa ba.

Babban abinci a cikin abincin kunkuru shine kayan lambu. Tabbatar cewa abincin kunkuru ya daidaita. Ba za ku iya rinjaye ta ba ko kuma ba ta damar ta yi matsananciyar yunwa. Wajibi ne don tabbatar da haɓaka na al'ada, don haka duk abubuwan da ake buƙata na abubuwan da ake buƙata da abubuwan da ake buƙata na bitamin masu amfani ya kamata ya kasance a cikin abincin.

Tun da kunkuru yana zaune a fursuna, canje-canje a halayensa yana yiwuwa. Idan ba ta karbi dukkan abubuwan da take nema ba, kunkuru zai iya cin komai a jere, har da ƙasa. Sabili da haka, yi hankali a zaɓar mata abincin.

Mun riga mun ambata cewa ganye ganye maɓalli ne mai mahimmanci a cikin abinci mai gina jiki. Zai iya zama: letas, zobo, Dankelion, ciyawar ciyawa, inflorescences na tsirrai, plantain. Bayan su kayan lambu: karas, tumatir, beets. Daga kunkuru 'ya'yan itace suna matukar son pears da apples. Hakanan zaka iya ƙara plums, apricots, kankana da raspberries.

An haramta shi sosai don bayar da kunkuru: gurasa, madara, kwari.

Idan dabbobinku ba su cika shekara 3 da haihuwa ba, ana ba da shawarar ciyar da 1 sau ɗaya kowace rana, kuma tsofaffi sau 2-3 a mako. Suna samun danshi daga kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa, amma sanya kwano na ruwa ba zai zama wuri daya ba.

Rike kunkuru a cikin shimfiɗaɗɗun fa'ida, filin gyara farenti. Don kunkuru har zuwa 12 cm a girman, terrarium lita 60-100 zai isa. Zazzabi a ciki ya kasance daga digiri 25 zuwa 35. Don dumama, zaku iya ɗaukar wutar fitila.

Don ƙasa, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da ƙasa mai ƙyalli tare da pebbles zagaye ko tsakuwa kogi, wani yanki na 3 zuwa 10 cm. Ba da shawarar yin amfani da yashi, shashal, kwakwalwan gilashi kamar ƙasa.

Don kwanciyar hankali, kunkuru yana buƙatar tsari. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da ƙananan kwalaye na katako. Don ƙarancin ciyarwa, ƙananan ƙananan baka da suka dace. Yana da mahimmanci kar a wuce da laima a cikin farfajiya.

Hankali

Idan kunkuru ya ji dadi, dole sai an yi wanka lokaci-lokaci. Zai isa sau 1-2 a mako. Yana buƙatar warke bayan wanka kuma ya bushe. Don hana wannan faruwa: yanayin zai yi sanyi kuma za ku bar dabbar a ƙasa ko kuma cire shi nan da nan zuwa farfajiyar budewa, a cikin sa'ilin tana iya kama sanyi.

Lafiya na kunkuru

Lafiyarta cikin '' kuran ta dogara ne da irin abincin da take ci. Rashin abinci mai inganci yana ba da gudummawa ga jinkirin da nakasa harsashi, rashi na dabbobi, wanda ke gajarta rayuwarsa. Don kowane alamun cutar rashin lafiya, tuntuɓi likitan dabbobi nan da nan. Likita zai bincika kuma ya ba da magani.

Karka yi kokarin maganin kunkuru da kanka, ba tare da neman likitan dabbobi ba. Kula da gidan kunkuru da yanayin abinci don kada ya sami matsala na lafiya.

Kula da kunkuru na kunkuru

Turtles freshly shima ya shahara sosai. Kunkuru na wannan nau'in ana iya samun sa sau da yawa a jikin ruwan dumi. Su ƙanana ne kaɗan kuma haske mai launi.

Ciyar da abinci

Yawancin halittun kunkuru na ruwa masu ruwa ne duka, amma wannan baya nuna cewa kana buƙatar raba abincinka tare da ita ba. Ainihin, suna ciyar da abinci don kunkuru, kifi, yanka na nama da kifi, kayan lambu. A cikin aiwatarwa, ku da kanku za ku fahimci yadda za ku ciyar da kunkuru. Hakanan ana buƙatar kari na ma'adinan a cikin nau'i na alli.

Ana adana kunkuru mai ƙoshin ruwa a cikin farfajiyar terrarium. Ya kamata a sanye shi da hasken wuta, samun iska da dumama. Bayan ruwa a cikin terrarium yakamata ya zama fili na busasshiyar ƙasa. Kunkuru ya sami damar yin iyo ba tare da yardar rai ba, kuma ya sauka kan ƙasa idan ya cancanta.

Girman terrarium ya dogara da girman kunkuru. Don sushi, ƙasa ko duwatsu masu santsi sun dace, yana da mahimmanci cewa zai iya hawa kan busasshiyar wuri ba tare da wahala ba. Yawancin lokaci ana shigar da walƙiya a wurin don kunkuru ya iya kwanduna

Tsakuwa mai laushi da laushi masu laushi suna cikakke ga ƙasa, har yanzu kuna iya amfani da maggi. Suna kwaikwayon ciyawa. Hakanan zaka iya sanya manyan manyan launuka masu laushi, abubuwan yumbu da daskararren itace a cikin farfajiyar don ado. Zazzabi ruwa ya zama daga digiri 17 zuwa 30.

Shawara don kiyaye kunkuru

• Karka kiyaye kunkuru a ƙasa
• Kada ku bar sauran dabbobin su yi hulɗa da kunkuru.
• Tuntuɓi likitan ku da sauri idan kun lura da lalacewar lafiyar dabbobi
• Bayar da sinadarin Calcium
• Kar a bar mara kallo a kan titi
• Tabbatar babu wasu abubuwan zane

Ka lura sosai da lafiyar ɗan ƙaramin gidan abincinka, zai amsa maka da ƙauna da halayyar ban dariya.