Sonya dabbar * Sandan ruwa

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Dormouse na dabbobi yana daya daga cikin wakilan oda na omar. Suna ƙanƙanuwa sosai don sun dace daidai a cikin tafin mutum. Wadannan kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da dogon wutsiya mai kama da kwari mai kama da squirrel.

Amma kawai jinsunan dake rayuwa akan bishiyoyi suna da irin wannan kyakkyawan wutsiyar. Amma kuma wani nau'in wadannan dabbobin an basu irin wutsiyar da aka saba da su. Ana iya ganin dabba mai ban sha'awa musamman a wurare masu tsalle da wuraren daji. Wasu daga cikinsu suna son gasa cikin rana kuma saboda haka ana samun su a arewaci da kudancin Afirka.

Habitat sony dabba kuma ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a China, Japan, Altai da Asia orarami. Amma a cikin waɗannan ƙwayoyin, akwai nau'ikan da suka fi son iska mai sanyi. Sau da yawa fiye da dabbobi tare da suna sony Ana iya ganinsa a cikin matattarar itacen itace. Don haka, dormouse mafi yawan rayuwa na rayuwa ne a tsakanin rassan bishiyoyi.

A cikin hoto, Sonya Polchok

Dormouse na gandun daji Sukan gina mazaunin gidansu mai kyau a cikin kogon bishiyoyi ko kuma a yi amintaccen gida, mai kyau, wanda kamar yadda aka saba, ana shirya su ne a kan rassa masu ƙarfi. Wasu sun fi son yin amfani da ƙasa don mahalli a ƙarƙashin gindin bishiyar tushe, ko tono mink a ƙarƙashin tushen sa.

Idan irin wannan jariri ya zauna akan shinge na lambu, to kuwa an rage raguwar tsire-tsire cikin adadi. Abin da ya sa mutane ba sa so lambun mai barci. Har zuwa yau, yawan dormouse ya ragu sosai, don haka suka fara farautar su a gida, don kar a rasa irin waɗannan dabbobi masu ban dariya gaba ɗaya.

A cikin hoto daji dormouse

Halin hali da salon rayuwa

Rodan ƙaramar sandar suna da hannu, basa yarda da kaɗaita, suna son kasancewa cikin danginsu. A koyaushe suna aiki kuma da wahala su kasance cikin gida. Sonya kamar yadda dabbobi Idan tana da aure, tana da kyau yayin da ta sami miji, amma wasu nau'ikan sun fi son zaman su.

Waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da hankali sosai kuma suna tsoron duk wani sautin da ba'a tsammani ba. Sabili da haka, ga dabbobi, dole ne a shirya mafaka, in ba haka ba rodent na iya cancanci rawar jiki mai juyayi.

Hazel dormouse da dormouse suna amfani da mutane ga mafi sauri, amma ya zama dole a sami dabbar dabbobi mai kwalliya tun farkon ƙuruciya don haka akwai ƙarancin matsaloli da jaraba. Waɗannan yaran za su sa ido ga zuwanku don cin abinci a hannunku.

Wadannan nau'ikan suna da kyawawan gashin gashi. Dogayen laushi da taushi na kowane dattijo ba za su bar kowa ba, kuma ƙaramin yaro zai yi mamakin komai. Kalli wannan hoton inda dormouse dabbar take kallo da kananan beads na idanu wanda yasa mutum ya zama tilas ya taɓa wannan dunƙulewar farin ciki.

Duk da bayyanar bidi'a, ya kamata a lura cewa dormouse na iya cizo sosai, ko da kun riga kun sami abokai tare da shi. Wannan saboda suna jin kunya sosai kuma duk wani rudani na iya tayar da martani.

Har yanzu Dabbobin Sony masu matukar birgewa ne, saboda haka shan dabba a hannun ku zata iya ci gaba da bibiyarsa da sauri. Cututtukan da ke kwance na dan lokaci da Sonya za su kasance a kanka, sannan kuma, mai yiwuwa, akan labulen kuma ƙarshe ya sami 'yanci.

Don haka kuna buƙatar faɗakarwa kuma kada ku ba ɗan gudun hijira damar ɓacewa daga gani. Ina so in yi gargaɗin cewa wannan dabbar ba zata iya kama ta da wutsiya ba, saboda tana da damar rusa gaba kawai za ku sami fata mai laushi sosai a cikin hannayenku. Matsalar ita ce bayan wannan, wutsiyar ba ta sake girma ba.

Kuma koda waɗannan dabbobin suna da dabara cikin dabara har ma cikin kunkuntar guntu kuma ya kamata a lura cewa ba kawai a cikin bishiyoyi ba, har ma a cikin gidaje. Wannan an sauƙaƙe wannan ta kyautar halitta don narkewa daga ɓangarorin.

A vivo, wannan damar ta musamman tana ceton rayuka. Godiya ga kyakkyawar ji, mai barci yana iya ɓoyewa daga haɗari a cikin lokaci. Auricles, kamar masu gandun daji, koyaushe suna jujjuya kansu ba tare da juna ba. Babban kunnuwa sune dormouse na lambu.

Sonya dabba ce dare, amma a zaman talala zaka iya canja salon rayuwarsu. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar haskaka mazaunin cikin dare, kuma yayin rana don shirya haskakawa tare da fitila mai launin shuɗi ko ja.

Kallon tasirin acrobatic, zaka iya samun farin ciki da kyakyawan yanayi a duk ranar. Sau da yawa sonya dabba za a iya gani a cikin kantin sayar da dabbobi, kamar yadda kuma a cikin ƙwararrun reno, don haka akwai yuwuwar saya wani kyakkyawan kyakkyawa ga kowane mai ƙauna.

Abinci mai gina jiki

Abincin abinci na rodents yana da bambanci. A cikin babban abincin, sun haɗa da tsaba sunflower da kowane nau'in kwayoyi. Hakoran Sonya sun yi kaifi sosai har suka jujjuya kwayayen a cikin goshin, sai su shiga cikin harsashi su kuma more rayuwa mai kyau. Animalsananan dabbobi masu cin ganyayyaki ne, saboda haka kowane nau'in 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari suna kan menu.

Amma ga kowane nau'in abinci ya ɗan bambanta da daidaitaccen. Don haka ga gandun daji, lambun da barcin Afirka, abincin dabbobi halayen ne. Hakanan, dabbobi ba masu iyawa ba ne don su bi da kansu ga naman alade, cuku gida da ƙwai. Mayu, crickets da kyankyasai ma abinci ne da ake so wajan kwana.

Idan sun sami nasarar tserewa daga matsakaicin gidaje, to, ƙananan ƙananan jijiyoyi, tsuntsayen da masu lizards na iya zama abincin dare mai ban sha'awa. Amma dormouse itace yana son duk abinda yayi girma akan bishiyoyi.

Wani lokacin sun fi son ƙananan kwari. Sonya, da ke rayuwa a cikin bishiyoyi, nemi biranin tsuntsaye kuma suna cin abinci a ƙwai. Wannan nau'in rodent kuma na iya kai hari ga ƙananan dabbobi.

Terrestrial dormouse herbivores. A al'adance abincin ya hada da ganye na dandelions, Clover da nettle. Dormouse na lambun Bayan sun zauna ba su da nisa daga gonar 'ya'yan itace, suna cin apples, pears da wasu' ya'yan itatuwa a cikin adadi mai yawa tare da tsaba.

A cikin lambun dormouse na hoto

Don shirya don hunturu a cikin bazara, dormouse na lambun ya tara mai don kansu, sannan sai a natsu cikin kwanciyar hankali. A cikin zaman talala, Dormouse ya ci hatsi, tsaba, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kwayoyi. Dabbobin gida suna son dafaffen nama, madara, cuku gida da ƙwai kaza.

Sony kiwo da kuma tsammanin rayuwa

Maza da mata suna rayuwa tare na ɗan kankanen lokaci. A farkon bazara, wasannin aure suna farawa a Sonya. A wannan lokacin, suna “waƙa” mai ban dariya. Yayi saƙo da ƙarfi cewa, kasancewa kusa, da alama ba zaku iya yin barci da dare ba.

Da rana, dabbobi suna nuna halayensu a hankali kuma suna natsuwa.. Bayan an gama ma'amala, matar tayi sauri ta gina gida mai kwanciyar hankali. Iya tana kulawa da jariran galibi ita da kanta.

A matsayinka na mulkin, ana haihuwar 3-5an yara 3-5. Sonia a hankali ta rufe gidan don 'ya'yanta tare da ciyawa mai laushi da ganye mai laushi. Kimanin kwanaki 27-30 bayan hadi, an haifi marayu da makafi.

Wani lokaci akwai dormouse waɗanda ke zaune a cikin ƙaramin rukuni. A wannan yanayin, ba mahaifiyar kadai ba, amma dukkanin membobin dangin motsi suna lura da jarirai. 'Yancin kai na yara yana faruwa ne tsakanin watanni 1-2. Zuriya ita ce ainihin kwafin danginsu. Suna son wasa da cin abinci da kyau.

A cikin bauta, haihuwar dabba ta fara ne bayan ɓoyo. Ga mafi yawan nau'in gida, keji ba matsala ce ta haifuwa ba, babban abin magana shi ne cewa dabbobin gida suna da abinci mai kyau, cikakke.

Kawai dormouse ya kasa haihuwa cikin bauta. Abin sha'awa shine, wata daya bayan haihuwar, dormouse yana da ikon haihuwa. Mafi yawa daga zuriya suna bayyana sau 1 a shekara.

Akwai jarirai kusan 10 a cikin zuriyar dabbobi. Ciyarwa na kimanin makonni uku. Yawancin lokaci dabbar tana rayuwa cikin ɗaurarru nau'i-nau'i. Saboda haka, iyayen biyu suna lura da yaran. Abin dariya Dabbobin Sony rayuwa daga shekaru 3 zuwa 6. A gida, zaku iya ƙara wannan lokacin saboda ingantaccen kula da dabbar.

Bayyanar dabbar Sony

Sony - ƙananan dabbobi. Tsawon jikinsu mai tsayi shine 6-9 cm, wutsiya - 4-16.5 cm, suna awo gram 15-200. Jawosu mai laushi, mai laushi, squirrel, launinta, ya danganta da nau'in, ya bambanta daga launin toka to ja da launin ruwan kasa. A cikin wasu nau'in, baƙar fata baƙar fata tana ƙawata maƙallan. Wutsiya tana da faɗi sosai a cikin kowane jinsi, ban da masu kamshin motsi, kuma a cikin rikice-rikice, ƙugiya, lambun, gandun daji da kwanciyar hankali na Afirka, wutsiyar tana iya fashewa idan maharbi ya kama ta.

Dabbobin suna da manyan, convex, m, baki idanu da ƙananan, kunnuwa masu zagaye.

4 yatsun kafafu na gaban kafa da kuma biyar a kan kafafu na gaba na dauke da kafotsen gajere. Surfaceashin ƙasa mai kafafu ya zama mai laushi kuma mai laushi kamar matashin kai.

Iri nau'in barci, rarraba

A cikin duka, nau'ikan dormouse 28 an san su a cikin 8 genera da 3 subfamilies.

Subfamily Graphiurinae

Fan Afirka na sony subfamily ya ƙunshi nau'ikan 14, daga cikinsu Sonya Christie, Sonya Kellen, dutse, savannah, Angolan da sauran sony.

Sonya Kellen (Graphiurus kelleni)

Leithiinae na Subfamily

Tsarin dormouse na daji ya hada da dormouse daji (nau'in 3), lambun (2 jinsuna) da kuma dormouse linzamin kwamfuta (nau'in 3).

Sonia daji (Dryomys nitedula)

Dormouse na lambun (Eliomys quercinus), duk da sunanta, galibi yana zaune ne a cikin gandun daji na Tsakiyar Turai, kuma wani lokacin a cikin daji ko kuma murhun dutsen.

Myoxinae na ƙarƙashin ƙasa

Hakikanin dormouse subfamily ya hada da rabi, Jafananci da hazel dormouse.

Kyawawan fentin hazel dormouse (Muscardinus avellanarius) suna zaune a cikin katako da ƙuruciya, suna da alaƙa da hazel.

Ana samun Sony a Turai, Afirka, Asiya, Turkiyya da Japan. Suna zaune a cikin daji da wuraren dutse, tudu, lambuna. Yawancin jinsuna kuma suna rayuwa a Rasha (shelf, lambu, hazel daji da linzamin kwamfuta).

Yawan hali da dormouse

Sony suna jagorantar rayuwar rayuwa, ta amfani da manyan idanu, dogayen gashin baki da kyakkyawan kyakkyawan warin don kewaya cikin sarari. Suna da amfani sosai kuma yafi tsufa fiye da mice. Dabbobi suna daukar lokaci mai yawa suna hawa cikin bishiyoyi da bishiyoyi, kuma nau'ikan dabbobi kamar dutsen da dormouse sau da yawa suna gangara ƙasa, amma ikon su na hawa dutse sau da yawa yakan zo da hannu, musamman lokacin da suke ƙoƙarin tserewa daga ɓarkewar mafarauta. Guda daya ne kawai - da ake kira Trans-Caspian linzamin kwamfuta dormouse - yana rayuwa ne kawai a duniya.

Daga cikin rassa suna neman fure, fure, 'ya'yan itace, kwayoyi da kwari. Sonya yana buƙatar wurin zama wanda ya ƙunshi kyawawan nau'in nau'in shuka don tabbatar da ci gaba da wadatar abinci.

Da rana, mai barci mai barci yana barci a cikin itacen kogo ko a cikin gida. Gefen dabbar dabbar yakan zama mai siffar dome kusan 15 cm a bayansa, kuma don gina shi, dabbar tana karya cortex, tana saƙa shi cikin ball kuma yana iya kewaye shi da ganye. Dabba ba ta ciyarwa sama da mita 70 daga cikin gida.

Yawan dabbobi ba yawanci bane kamar na wasu rodents (kusan 0.1-10 mutane a 1 ha). Sonya suna zaune a cikin ƙananan rukuni. Kowane rukuni ya mamaye kowane yanki, wanda girmansa zai iya zama daga mita 100 zuwa 200.

Dabbobin suna da yanayin sauraren sauraro, kuma masu magana ne. Shiryayye, shinge, gandun daji da fitowar dormouse na Afirka, tsintsin gida da grunts.

A cikin yanayin halitta dormouse rayuwa daga shekaru uku zuwa shida.

Dogon barci

A cikin Turai, yalwataccen hibernate daga Oktoba zuwa Afrilu. Dabbobi suna barci cikin burrows ko ciyayi, shirya, alal misali, cikin kututture. Sun yi layi tare da ciyawa, ulu, ganye, da sauransu. Kafin rashin farashi, dabbar tana shirya karamin abincin abinci in dai ya farka kuma yana son cizo, kodayake kafin hunturu yayi yunƙurin cin abincin kansa da tara mai mai yawa. Lokacin da aka gama shiri don hunturu, Sonya ya bushe ya yi bacci.

Tsawon lokacin hutu ya danganta ne da yanayin can kuma yana iya kaiwa watanni 9 (a matsakaici, rashin isashshiyar watanni 7). Yayin bacci, yawan zafin jiki yana sauka zuwa zafin jiki na yanayi, kuma yawan zuciya da yawan numfashi sukan ragu da kashi 90% ko sama da haka - wannan yana tanadin makamashi kuma yana bawa dabbar damar rayuwa har na tsawon watanni 6 akan mai. Yayin da zafin jiki a titi yake tashi, yanayin jikin mutum na bacci shima ya fara tashi, idan kuma ya farka, sai ya dauki minti 20.

Zuriya

Nan da nan bayan fitowar farauta, dormouse yana farawa da lokacin dabbar. An taka muhimmiyar rawa a wannan lokacin ta hanyar magana. Don haka, alal misali, mazan suna yin kuka yayin da suke bin mace, yayin da faduwar mace take jan hankalin maza ta hanyar sanya musu baki.

Cutar ciki tana daga ranakun 21 zuwa 32. Shiryayye da lambun dormouse suna kawo brood 1 a shekara, kuma hazel da gandun daji - har uku.

Jim kadan kafin haihuwa, mace fara gina gida, yawanci na siffar mara nauyi ne, a cikin ramin itace ko cokali mai yatsa a cikin reshe. Abubuwan da ke cikin gida shine ciyawa, ganye da gansakuka. Dormouse na lambu da kuma shiryayye don amfanin fuka-fukai da gashi.

A cikin brood, akwai daga 2 zuwa 9 cubs, matsakaicin brood ga dukkan dormouse shine jarirai 4. An haifi Cubs tsirara da makafi. A farkon mako na rayuwa, sun fara rarrabe kamshi, kodayake, a fili, musayar kalma tsakanin mahaifiya da zuriya ita ce babbar hanyar fahimtar juna. Lokacin da yakai kimanin kwanaki 18, matasa sun fara ji, kuma a lokaci guda idanunsu suka bude. Jim kaɗan bayan haihuwa, an rufe su da launin toka, kuma yayin da suka kai makonni huɗu suka zama kusan launi iri ɗaya kamar na manya. Tuni tun yana da makonni 5-6, matashi ya fara rayuwa mai zaman kanta.

Har zuwa lokacin yin isasshen balaguro, isasshen barci yakan fara saurin yin aiki, sannan ci gaban yayi saurin sauka. Suna yin jima'i lokacin da suke kusan shekara guda.

Abokan gaba da tsoratarwa

Kimanin shekaru 100 da suka gabata, Sony sun kasance mafi yawan jama'a kuma galibi ana kiyaye su kamar dabbobi a cikin filin karkara. Abin baƙin ciki, a yau waɗannan mutane ne masu saurin rayuwa da haɗari, kuma mutane kalilan ne suka sami sa'ar ganinsu cikin daji.

A halin yanzu, rabin jinsunan Sonya an jera su a cikin Jerin Layi na IUCN: nau'ikan 4 kamar yadda suke cikin yanayin damuwa, 4 a matsayin masu saurin raunin kuma 5 kamar suna cikin jihar kusa da barazanar.

Ma'aikatan gona kamar su mujiya, da mayuka, da dawakai, da weasels da ƙamus suna haifar da barazanar dabbobi, duk da haka, raguwar dormouse kusan yana da alaƙa da asarar gandun daji da kuma canje-canje a cikin ayyukan kula da gandun daji.

Yaɗa

A cikin Turai, yanki mai dormouse ya kebanta da iyakar itacen oak. A cikin Transcaucasia da Asiya, yanayin dormouse yana da alaƙa da nau'ikan gandun daji. Gaban iyakar yamma ita ce gangara ta arewa. A Kudancin Turai, kewayon dormouse na daji ya hada da daukacin yankin Balkan da yankin Girka. A yankin Penennine, ana samun dormouse a cikin tsaunukan Calabrian kawai. A Gabashin Turai, ana samun kusan ko'ina, ban da arewacin Poland. A cikin Ukraine, ba ya cikin yankin Black Sea. Hakanan babu shi a cikin Crimea. An san yawan jama’ar cikin yankin Asiya orarama, Iran, Turkmenistan, arewacin Pakistan, Afghanistan, da yammacin China. Iyaka ta gabas ita ce gangara ta yamma ta Mongolian Altai.

A Rasha, ana rarraba dormouse na daji zuwa arewacin yankin na Tver da kuma kudu maso yamma na yankin Kirov a yankin Volga. Iyakokin dormouse a cikin yankin Turai na Rasha yana gudana tare da bankin dama na Don. A Arewacin Caucasus, dormouse ya yadu, yana farawa daga rafin kogin Kuban da kuma kudu, wanda ya kama kusan duk yankin Caucasus.

Bayanin Sony

Waɗannan ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa ne na dabba, tare da ƙaramin kai, manyan idanu, kusan kunnuwa - ƙafun kafafunsu na ƙare da yatsun kafa huɗu masu haɓaka da cizon yatsa, an rufe shi da ƙaramar ƙusa. Kafa kafafun kafa biyar-yatsun ne, kuma wutsiya, kusan daidai take da jiki, an lullube ta da gashi da zagaye, lebe na sama ya tsage.

Sonya, kamarsu a cikin rayuwarsu zuwa ga squirrels, suna da ɗan gajeren gajeren kafafu na gaba, duk da cewa su dabbobi masu kiba ne, amma falonsu ba gajera bane. An rarraba Sony ko'ina cikin Turai, Afirka da Asiya, ban da ƙasashen Indo-Malayan.

Bayyanar shiryayye

Iyakar abin da wakilin wannan kwayoyin yake a cikin Turai, tsarin gama gari (M. glis), yana da tsawon jiki na 16, da tsawon wutsiya 13 santimita da kunne, tsawon abin da dan kadan ya wuce kashi daya bisa uku na kai - a saman shi ash-launin toka ne a launi, wani lokacin tare da suturar launin ruwan kasa, da wani shuɗi mai duhu mai duhu yana shimfiɗa zuwa dutsen.

Bottomasan fari fari, ƙafafun gaba suna da launin toka-toshi, kafaɗun hancin suna laushi, gefen wutsiya mai launin shuɗi launin shuɗi-launi, ɓangaren kasan yana da ɗan haske, ringin mai duhu mai duhu kewaye da idanu.

Bayanin rayuwar rikodin

Shelf yakan ciyar da rana a cikin mafarki, da zabar ramuka, da fasa dutse da kuma watsar da wasu gidaje na wannan. A wurare guda daya yakan gina shekarsa ta bazara, bai taɓa sanya ta a fili cikin rassan ba. A cikin kaka, shiryayye ya zama da ƙarfin zuciya kuma a wannan lokacin na shekara ta Romawa d caught a sun kama ta don teburinsu.

Harkokin sa na yawanci yakan ɗauki tsawon watanni bakwai, kuma ba kasafai yake farkawa daga shi ba a farkon rabin na biyu na Afrilu. Dangane da haka, 'ya' yansa, wadanda suka kasance daga uku zuwa shida, suna haɓaka da ba a sani ba cikin sauri, duk da cewa an haife su tsirara kuma makaho. Baya ga kwayoyi da berries, shiryayyen kan abinci akan 'ya'yan itace, kananan tsuntsaye da sauran dabbobi. Maƙiyansa sune kuliyoyi, martens, dabbobi masu fararen fata, baƙi, ɓarnatai da kuma weasels.

Halin halittar Sonya (Eliomys) ya bambanta da tsarin mulki saboda cewa wutsiya a babban sashinta an rufe shi da gajeru gashi kuma kusa, ƙoshin kunne sun fi tsayi akan tsari, amma launi na manya da ƙananan bangarorin jikin shima ba ɗaya bane.

Habitat

Ana samun rajista a Tsakiya da Kudancin Turai, ba a cikin Denmark da Sweden, daga Spain, Italiya da Girka, an rarraba zuwa arewa zuwa Kudancin da Jamus ta Tsakiya da Austria, da gabas zuwa Kudancin Rasha da Siriya.

Bayanin rayuwar rikodin

Bayyanar

Tsarin Turai na Tsarin Turai na wannan halittar, Lambun Dormouse (E. nitela), wanda tsawon kunnensa shine rabin tsawon kai, yana da jiki na 14 da wutsiya mai santimita 9.5 a tsayinsa.

A saman dabbar akwai launi mai launin shuɗi-ja, mai haske akan tarnaƙi, kuma a ƙasa da farin - daga kewayewar idanun ta shimfiɗa, wucewa ta gefen kunne, wani baƙar fata, shimfidawa a ɓangarorin wuyan wuyan zuwa wuri, wuri guda a kan kafadu.

Fuska da gaban kunne yana kan farar fata. Gefen wutsiya mai launin shuɗi ne a gindi, baƙar fata a ƙarshen, ƙasa kuma duka lafazi ne, fari.

Habitat

Dormouse na lambun yana zaune a cikin orchards da kayan marmari, wanda aka samo a wurare masu dumin zafi na Yammacin Turai da Tsakiyar Turai, watau a Faransa, Belgium, Italiya, Switzerland, Jamus, Hungary.

Asalin gani da kwatancin

Hoto: Dormouse daji

Gidan dangin barcin rana yana da nau'ikan 28 kuma ya kai 9 samar. A cikin Turai, yankin rarraba shi yana da iyaka zuwa kewayon itacen oak. A Asiya da Caucasus, dormouse yana zaune a cikin gandun daji iri daban-daban. Iyakar yamma wajen mazauninsu ita ce gangara ta arewa. A cikin yankin Kudancin Turai, waɗannan dabbobin sun zama ruwan dare a yankin ruwan Balkan da kuma wasu yankuna a Girka. Kuma a cikin Sashin Apennine, dabbobi suna rayuwa ne kawai a tsaunin Calabrian. A wannan lokacin, Sonya yana zaune a gabashin Turai kusan gaba ɗaya, ban da arewacin Poland, kuma a cikin Ukraine ba za a iya samun shi ba a cikin yankin Crimea da yankunan Black Sea.

Aka rarraba a ko'ina cikin Jamhuriyar Belarus. Ana samun ƙananan mutane a Asiya Asiaarama, arewacin Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, yammacin China, da arewacin Afghanistan. Theasar gabas ta wajen wuraren zama nau'in mazaunin yamma ita ce gangara ta yamma ta Mongolian Altai.

A kan yankin na Federationungiyar Tarayyar Rasha, ana samun dormouse na daji a cikin yankunan Pskov, Novgorod, Tver, har ila yau a arewa maso yamma na yankin Kirov da kuma kudu maso yamma na yankin Volga.

A cikin yankin Turai na Rasha, iyakar iyaka yana gudana tare da bankin dama na Kogin Don. Ana samun shinge a cikin arewacin Caucasus daga kwarin Kogin Kuban kuma zuwa kudu, suna kama kusan duk yankin Caucasus. An samo shi a cikin gandun daji na Asiya ta Tsakiya, Kudancin Altai, da gabashin Kazakhstan. A cikin tsaunuka, dormouse na iya tashi har zuwa 3000 m, yana isa har ma da dutsen.

Bayyanar fasali da fasali

Hoto: Dormouse na Dabbobin daji

A waje, waɗannan dabbobin da ke da girma-kaɗan ana iya rikitar dasu da squirrel, ko voro. Tsawon jikinsu ya kai 13 cm, yayin da wutsiya - kusan 17 cm, kuma babban adadin yakai 40 g. Dansandan dormouse yana da dadewa, ana sanya vibrissae a kai - gashin-baki mai mahimmanci. Tare da taimakonsu, dabbobi suna taɓa yanayin. Vibrissas suna da hannu, don kowane yanki daban-daban rukuni na tsoka yana da alhakin. Yawancin lokaci sun kai 20% na jimlar yawan bacci.

Idanun sun fi girma, duhu, mai haske. Kunnuwa na matsakaici matsakaici, zagaye. Hannun kafafu biyu na iya girma sosai musamman a gaban gaban. Yatsun 5 suna zaune a kansu, yayin da kan gaban - yatsunsu 4. Kafafu suna da bakin ciki da gajeru. Mata yawanci ƙanana ne fiye da maza.

Kyauron da ke lalacewa mai laushi shine ba kawai don adon dabba ba ne, har ma yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye daidaituwa yayin motsi tare da rawanin bishiyoyi. An sanye da fata na wutsiya tare da jini mai yawa, wanda ke taimakawa ƙayyade yanayin Sonya. Lokacin da dabba ta natsu, gashi yana cikin matsi. Amma idan makashin bacci yayi fushi ko ya tsorata, tohon wutsiya ya zama ruwan hoda mai duhu, kuma fur ɗin tayi kyau, kamar cat, don ya bayyana babba ga abokin hamayyarsa.

M yatsunsu masu sassauƙa suna taimakawa dormouse daji bisa daskararre, suna hawa bishiyoyi, suna manne da lamuran bakin ciki. Akwai manyan corno 6 guda biyu a kafafu. Dabba tana da launi mai launin toka a saman, launin fari wanda yake kaiwa daga hanci zuwa kunne. Partashin sashin ƙasa fari ne ko launin rawaya mai haske. Sonya yana da hakora 20 a bakinsa.

A ina ne ƙurar daji ke zaune?

Hoto: Abin da dormouse na daji yayi kama

Babban abin da ake buƙata na dabba don mazaunin shi ne dazuzzuka masu tsalle-tsalle tare da tsirrai da tsintsaye da yawa a ƙasa. Wani lokacin dormouse zauna a cikin lambuna, gandun daji gauraye, gefunan daji, sharewar fili, da bushes da duwatsun.

Wadannan sandunan da ke zaune a cikin ramuka, basu tsallake daga mazaunan tsuntsayen ba, kuma suna iya gina nasu. Kamar yadda kayan, dabbobi ke amfani da itacen oak, gansakuka, ganye da ƙananan rassa. Dumi kuransu tare da ulu da ƙasa. Yana ɗaukar kwanaki 2-3 kafin masu barci su gina “gida”. Wasu lokuta zasu iya fitar da mazaunanta daga gidan tsuntsayen kuma su zauna a can kansu. Sau da yawa dabbobi suna zaune a cikin dazuzzuka, kamar yadda ƙayayen tsirrai suke sanya matsugunansu basu isa ga yawancin masu hasashen ba.

Sonyes, shirya don zama iyaye, kariminci a dumama mazauninsu, karye su da Jawo, aƙalla rabin. Waɗanda ba su da aure, akasin haka, suna gina gidajensu ba da sakaci ba, wani lokacin ba tare da dumama su ba. A cikin irin wannan matsuguni, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ba galibi ba ta wuce kwanaki 3-4 a cikin hutu a cikin rana. Sannan suna neman sabon gida.

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, babu wata hanyar shiga irin wannan gidajen. A cikin tsammanin haɗari na kullun, dormouse na daji na iya tsallake daga mafaka ta kowane tsarke. A wurin zama na dabba guda, za a iya samun har zuwa 8 gidaje irin wannan. Wannan ya faru ne kawai ba don sha'awar zama lafiya ba, har ma da damar barin gida a kowane lokaci idan gurbata ko zaune da gurɓataccen parasites. A cikin hunturu, drowsies tono ramuka game da 30 cm zurfi, a karkashin tushen ko tara na goge itace, don haka kamar yadda ba su daskare a farfajiya, kuma hibernate na 5 watanni.

Menene dormouse ke ci?

Hoto: Rodent Forest Dormouse

Tun Sonya dabba ce mara tsayi, a cikin ranar tana bacci a matsayinta, kuma da yamma tana zuwa neman abinci. Abincinsu yana da bambanci. Sonya ba abin ci bane a abinci.

Abincin nasu ya hada da:

tsaba da fruitsa ofan bishiyoyi, tsirrai, tsirrai (ƙwayayen hazel, kwayoyi linden, fure, daji, blackberries, raspberries, acorns, 'ya'yan itatuwa hawthorn),
Kudancin ruwan dare suna cin abinci a kan itacen yashi, apples, plums, inabi, kabewa, kankana da kankana,
a farkon spring dormouse ciyar a kan buds, haushi na Willow harbe, ceri tsuntsu, Aspen,
Kada ku ƙi ƙyamar da ƙwayoyin berries waɗanda ke ɗauke da hydrocyanic acid.

Kodayake dabbobin sun fi son abinci irin na shuka, idan suna kan hanyarsu don saduwa da gidan tsuntsaye tare da jarirai ko ƙwayaye, tabbas dormouse yana yin biki a kansu. Hakanan suna cin kwari iri-iri, lardinsu da tsutsotsi, da katantanwa da mollusks.

Godiya ga kyakkyawar sauraro, sony ya sami sautikan shiru na motsi. Daskararre na wani ɗan lokaci, domin tantance asalin sauti, dabba tayi saurin ganowa. Lianan ƙananan maye ko wasu tsokoki na iya zama babban abincin dare ga waɗannan dabbobin.

Ya danganta da mazaunin dabbobi, duka shuka da abincin dabbobi na iya zama yawancin abincinsu. Don hunturu, dormouse Sonya, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba ya tara sama, amma wani lokacin za su iya yin hannun jari a cikin manyan kantunan.

Siffofin hali da salon rayuwa

Hoto: Dormouse daji

Kodayake ana ganin gandun daji da ciyawa a matsayin wuraren Sonya da suka fi so su zauna, kuna iya haɗuwa da ita a wurin shakatawa ko kuma lambun. Wasu dabbobin suna zaɓar hanyar rayuwa wacce take birgima, wasu kuwa kawai kawai ne. Na farko suna ciyar da yawancin rayuwarsu akan bishiyoyi. Yawancin lokaci, dormouse yana aiki ne da daddare, amma a lokacin fitowar ruwa, ana iya samun dabba a cikin rana. Yawancin lokaci suna jagorantar rayuwar bacci, dangi suna rayuwa ne kawai a lokacin kiwo.

Da farko na tsananin sanyi, Sonya hibernate. A wannan gaba, suna tara mai yawan kitse mai ƙyalƙyali, sabili da haka suna iya yin nauyi a cikin hunturu sau 2. An rage yawan zafin jiki na jiki a cikin yanayin bacci. Idan a cikin bazara a cikin yanayin aiki ya kai 38 C, to, yayin hutun gashi yana 4-5 C, ko ma ƙasa da haka.

Idan a lokacin farkawa da sanyi har yanzu yana riƙe, to dabba zata iya komawa ramin kuma har yanzu yana bacci. Nan da nan bayan rashin farashi, lokacin kiwo ya shigo kuma Sonya yana neman abokan tarayya. Sony yana da tsabta. Zasu iya yin awoyi da yawa suna magance gashi, a hankali suna rarrabewa kowane villus akan wutsiya. A cikin daji, zasu iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 6. Za ku iya horar da su ne kawai idan kun kama su da sanduna. Sonyes ba sa son a ɗauke su da hannayensu.

Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa

Hoto: Dormouse na Dabbobin daji

Sonayan son kai daban-daban suna tare na ɗan gajeren lokaci. A lokacin bazara, sukan fara wasannin daskarewa. Maza suna farkawa daga bacci kafin mace ta fara yiwa itace alama. Suna cin abinci da wuya don dawo da ƙarfi bayan dogon bacci. Bayan kamar sati guda, minks da mata sun fashe. A cikin dare sukan yi ihu da ƙarfi, suna “raira murya” suna barin alamomin su kusa da alamomin maza.

A lokacin kiwo, suna rayuwa cikin nau'i-nau'i a cikin gida ɗaya. Amma kafin haihuwar, mace ta tilasta wa namiji tilasta wa namiji. Da ciki ta na kimanin kwanaki 28. Bayan su, har ya zuwa yayan 8. M, zuriya shine lokaci 1 a kowace shekara. A ranar haihuwar haihuwa, mace ta zama musamman tattalin arziki kuma yana gyara kullun kuma yana hana matsuguni. Tare da abinci mai yawa, dormouse na iya tsayawa a gida guda koda da iyalai.

Dan ƙaramin dormouse an haife shi tsirara da makafi kuma yayi nauyi game da 2 g a ranar farko. Uwa mai kulawa koyaushe tana tare da magudanar dabbobi, tana ciyar da yaran, tana fita zuwa ɗan gajeren lokaci don ciyar da rufe rami na farauta. Idan daya daga cikin yaran ya bace, mahaifiyar zata same shi ta hanyar jifa da dawo da shi.

Lokacin da ya cika makonni 2, sai ya buɗe idanunsa gabaɗaya kuma nan da nan za su iya hawa rassan bishiyoyi da kansu don neman abinci. Lokacin da suke da shekaru 45, sun zama masu zaman kansu kuma suna barin gida.

Abokan gaba na bayin dormouse

Hoto: Abin da dormouse na daji yayi kama

Babban maƙiyin waɗannan ƙwaƙwalwar wuyar ita ce mujiya mai launin toka - mujiya mai ƙanƙan da kai. Tsawon jikinta ya kai cm 38 kuma nauyinsa ya kai 600 g. Kushin fukafukinta ya kai 1 m, launi kuma na iya bambanta daga launin toka zuwa launin ruwan hoda ko launin ruwan duɗi.

Gaba daya jikin ya lullube da duhu da haske. Idanun sun yi fari. Wannan nau'in owls suna zaune a cikin nau'ikan cakuda, daɗaɗɗun daji da daji mai zurfi, wuraren shakatawa da lambuna. Yana kanana mafi yawan lokuta a cikin ramuka, wanda yake zaune tsawon shekaru, yana hutawa a cikin hunturu. Za a iya tsaftar cikin tsohuwar shugannin magabatan gida, abubuwan tarihi na halitta. Kamar ciyawar daji, mujiya mai launin toka tana zaune a wurare guda kuma tana farkawa bayan faɗuwar rana.

Yawan jama'a da matsayinsu

Hoto: Rodent Forest Dormouse

A tsakanin yankin da aka rarraba, yawan rarraba dormouse a cikin ƙasa na tsohuwar USSR an rarraba shi ba a daidaita ba. A cikin Turai, a cikin yanki na gandun daji deciduous (Bialowieza, Rashanci da Belarusian, gandun daji-steppe Ukraine), da lambar ya saba, amma a general shi ne ƙanana.

A cikin arewa maso gabas (Pskov, Tver, Volga, Baltic States) wannan nau'in barci mai barci yana raguwa. A cikin wadannan yankuna, an samarda dormouse na daji a cikin Littafin Ruwa kuma yana bukatar wasu kulawa a matsayin jinsin masu saurin cutarwa. A cikin shekaru 20 da suka gabata na lura da halittar ta hanyar kwayoyin ta VSU, an bayyana cewa dormouse gandun daji 1 da dormouse da yawa sun kama cikin dare 9,800. A lokaci guda, yayin nazarin titmouse, an samo mutane 8 da yara biyu da kuma dabbobin gida biyu na matasa guda 6.

Adadin waɗannan dabbobin a cikin tsaunukan - Carpathians, Caucasus, Transcaucasia, Codri, Kopet-Dag, da Tsakiyar Asiya - ba damuwa bane. Dormouse d’an daji ba hamayya bane da unguwar mutum. Sun yarda da son rai cikin gonakin inabi, gonakin inabi, da itacen gyada na gyada. A ƙasar Moludowa, akwai yawancin dormouse da yawa saboda gandun daji na apricot, dasa bishiyar farin Acacia, da caragana. Daga abin da za a iya kammala cewa dormouse na dormouse yana buƙatar kariya da kariya ta musamman a cikin CIS a cikin ɓangarorin arewa maso gabas na mazauninsa.

Kare dormouse kariya

Hoto: Dormouse na Dabbobin daji

An jera nau'in dormouse na gandun daji a cikin littafin Red na yankuna da dama na Rasha - Kursk, Oryol, Tambov da Lipetsk yankuna. Wannan nau'in dormouse yana da karɓa ta Yarjejeniyar Vienna a matakin ƙasa. Hakanan, an sanya dormouse na daji a cikin jerin ja IUCN, a matsayin jinsin da ke buƙatar kulawa da kulawa koyaushe.

Babban dalilan bacewar wadannan dabbobin sune:

Ayyukan gandun daji waɗanda ke lalata yawancin adadin ɗakunan shinge na dormouse,
tsabtace tsabtace da share tsaunukan daji mai tsayi,
babban ragi a fannin wuraren zama na halitta,
matalauta zurfin ci gaban,
mara kyau girbi
raguwa a yawan tsoffin bishiyoyi masu ban sha'awa.

Oksky Reserve a Yankin Ryazan, Belarus Berezinsky, Voronezh da Khopersky da ke da kariya sun kare mazaunin gandun daji da gano sababbi don kiyayewarsu, sun haramta duk nau'ikan ayyukan daji. VGPBZ da KhGPZ suna kiyaye jinsin kuma suna daukar matakan kiyaye halittun gandun daji.

Masu son wannan nau'in dabba ba a bada shawarar kama dormouse daji ba kuma suna kawo gida. Zai fi kyau ku ɗauki ɗanku a cikin shaguna na musamman. Sayarwa ta farko don dabba ya zama babban keji. Kada ku ƙyale ta ta zagaya gidan ba da hujja, in ba haka ba dormouse na daji Dole ne ya gudu ta hanyar rata ta farko.

A ina ne dormouse na lambu yake zama?

Dokar dormouse galibi tana zaune ne a cikin dazuzzuka, galibi a ɗakin kwana, ko kuma wuraren da babu iyaka. Za a iya tsayawa a cikin gidajen lambuna da aka bari.

Yankuna yanki na dormouse

yankuna na arewacin Afirka,
yankin gabashin Turai,
Altai
kusan dukkanin yankuna na Belarus,
wani ɓangare na ƙasar Rasha - Leningrad, Novgorod, yankuna yankin Pskov, yankin ƙananan Urals, Loweran yankin Prikamye,
wasu sassan Asiya .arami
Kasar China
Japan

Dormouse na lambun yana ƙaunar ƙasar gandun daji, inda itatuwa masu tsatsaye ke mamaye su. Kadancin gama gari a cikin gandun daji tare da conifers. Sau da yawa, wuraren da aka yi watsi dasu ko ƙasar noma ana zaɓa su a matsayin wuraren zama. Love wuraren da tsayi, m shrubs. Sau da yawa, orchards, wuraren shakatawa na birni ana zaba azaman ƙauyuka.

Ba sa tsoron mutane, saboda haka galibi sukan zauna kusa da mazaunin ɗan adam. Akwai ma lokuta na damun damuwar lambun. Koyaya, yakamata a sani cewa matasa ne kawai za su iya siyar da su. Bugu da kari, waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin ba sa son idan mutum ya taɓa su.

Me dormouse yake ci?

An kula da lambun dormouse a matsayin omnivore. Tana ciyarwa akan abinci iri-iri da kuma dabbobin dabba. Likitocin dabbobi 'yan dabbobi suna cewa babban sashin abincin shine ainihin irin wannan abincin.

Abinda ke cikin abincin dabba:

qwai
kajin da suka fadi daga gida,
larvae na daban-daban kwari,
fara,
matafila
'ya'yan itãcen marmari,
berries
kwari
irin ƙwaro, gizo-gizo, gwaggwon biri, tsutsotsi,
dodunan kodi
ganye,
'ya'yan itace,
tsaba
asalinsu
matasa harbe na iri daban-daban na ciyayi.

Dangane da matsalar rashin kunya, mutane da yawa suna cin abinci duk lokacin bazara, kuma ga wasu shi ma halayyar haɓaka yake. Hannun jariran dormouse, kamar hazel dormouse, ana lalacewa a farkon bazara. Tsarin gabar jiki na lambun sony yana inganta abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ƙasa. Bugu da kari, an dauke su kwararru ne. Zasu iya kama karamin tsuntsu, ko malam buɗe ido. Mai ikon hawa dutsen bishiyoyin neman tsuntsaye na tsuntsu.

Yana sha ƙwai tsuntsu ta hanyar yin ramuka a cikin ƙwai tare da hakora. Haka kuma, ana cinye katantanwa ta hanyar cizon llsan iska. A lokutan yunwar da rashin abinci, an san yanayin farauta koda akan mice filin. Distinwararren fasalin shine gaskiyar cewa koda tare da adadin abincin shuka, tsaba da 'ya'yan itatuwa, suna buƙatar amfani da abinci na yau da kullun. Idan rodents bai ci nama ba tsawon kwanaki 5-7, sai su fada cikin wawa.

Abokan gaba na makiyayan dormouse

Abokan gaba na makiyaya sony sune:

Masu gasa game da abinci sune beraye masu launin toka, waɗanda suke warwatse hanyoyin yin bacci a adadi mai yawa. Mafi hatsarin abokin gaba na rodents mutane ne da ayyukan su. Mutum yana halakar da su da lambobi da yawa ba da sani ba. Mutane suna lalata dabbobi saboda lahani da suke yi ga filaye da lambuna. Ganyayyaki suna cin tsaba, 'ya'yan itatuwa da' ya'yan itatuwa. Karnuka da kuliyoyi suna kama a kan barcin bera, wanda a cikinsu suke da ban sha'awa.

Magungunan halakar da dabba da manufar fitar da fatalwar fata an san su. Mutane suna amfani da su azaman na biyu.

Yin amfani da takaddun kemikal, takin zamani wanda ba na halitta ba yana bayar da gudummawa ga rage yawan lambun sony. Wakilan dangin barcin rana suna da dimbin abokan gaba a mazauninsu na asali. Mafi haɗari mutane ne, mujiya da mujiya, da beraye masu launin toka. Duk da saurin gudu da rashin aminci, yanayin dormouse ba zai iya samun tsira koyaushe daga harin dabbobi da tsuntsayen da ke cinyewa. Rayuwa kusa da wuraren mutane shine ya sa su zama abubuwan dabbobin gida.

Kare Tsarin Dormouse

Kariyar nau'ikan tana nuni da kariya daga dormouse na lambun daga ayyukan dan adam. An jera dabbar a cikin Littafin Rubutun Kasa baki daya. A wannan batun, lalata dabba ga kowane dalili haramun ne.

Bugu da kari, babu wasu matakai na musamman don kiyayewa da haɓaka adadi da aka tsara kuma ana yin su.

Dormouse na lambun a waje sosai yayi kama da linzamin launin toka, wanda ya canza launin sutura. Hakanan ana iya kwatanta shi da squirrel saboda dexterity da ikon saurin tsalle akan rassan da hawa bishiyoyi.

Abubuwa masu ban sha'awa daga rayuwar Sony

Duk da cewa mai karfin zai jagoranci rayuwar dare mai aiki, a cikin rana bai ga abin da yafi muni ba. Dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da kwarangwal na musammanwanda za a iya matsawa a cikin shugabanci na tsaye. Wannan yana ba da izini ga mahaukaci ya kutsa cikin kunkuntar fasa waɗanda ke kan tsummokin itacen. Don haka suka sami mafi aminci wurin shakatawa da gina gida nan gaba. Godiya ga wannan mahimmancin ingancin, dabbar har yanzu tana raye da kuma kiwo.

Tana fitowa daga inda take ɓoyewa don neman abinci, duk da kyakkyawar idanunta, Sonya ta dogara da jin sa musamman. A cikin aikin 'yan sandar ƙananan ƙananan, kunnuwa masu zagaye waɗanda za su iya canza matsayin su kan ta. Movementsungiyoyin kunnuwa ba su zama ba ɗaya ba ne, masu zaman kansu ne. Entaƙƙarfan lambun yana da kunnuwa mafi girma, hazel yana da ƙananan ƙarami kaɗan, amma gandun daji yana ɗaukar wuri na uku. Za'a iya samun hotunan waɗannan dabbobi masu ban al'ajabi da marasa ma'ana a Intanet.

Yayin cin abinci mai ƙarfi, Za a iya kwatanta Sonya da squirrel. Ta rike abincinta da kugun gabanta da sauri ta juya. Godiya ga irin wannan ayyuka da kuma kaifin abubuwan da ta sa a gaba, tana iya buɗe wuya harsashin kwaya da tsaba iri-iri.

Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa baza'a iya kiransu masu yawa ba. Da fari dai, sun girma da wuri isa, kuma abu na biyu - basu taba samun fiye da kiliya 5 ba. Dalili na uku ana iya kiransa adadin dabbar ta hanyar canjin shekara - akwai guda biyu kacal. Da kyau, babban dalilin shine ƙaunar barcinsu da tsawon lokacinsa.

Idan zamuyi magana akan duk wadannan dalilai a lokaci guda, to kuwa jinsunan sony da dadewa zasu daina wanzuwa. Amma a zahiri, komai ya bambanta. Ilhamar mahaifiya, wacce aka bunkasa sosai a cikin mata, ta sa ya yiwu a kula da kowane ɗan kishi tare da tausayawa da kulawa. Ya cancanci ƙara ƙoshin lafiya da tsawon rai. Ya zama amintacciyar yawan jama'a wanda tsaro ba shi da haɗari.

Yadda za a zana dormouse? Wannan zai taimaka hoto daga Intanet.

Hazel dormouse

Wannan nau'in rodent yana da mafi girman ƙarami. A cikin tsayi, ba su kai fiye da cm 10 10. Aka samo su cikin yanayi a cikin bushes:

Tashin hankali na gina ƙaƙƙarfan gida don zuriyarsu daga ganyayyaki da ciyawa, kuma suna kan rassan bishiyoyi.

Hakanan ana iya samun wannan nau'in rodent akan bishiyoyi, idan ba zato ba tsammani akwai fanko, mara amfani. Sonya kuma zai iya rayuwa a cikin gidan tsuntsu, idan kawai zai sami 'yanci.

Dabbobin suna amfani da bishiyoyi ne kawai a cikin lokacin dumi, kuma don hunturu sun zaɓi wuraren da suke da tabbaci da danshi. Wannan, kamar yadda ya saba, ƙarami ne mai santsi, wanda yake a tushen itatuwa.

A gida wannan nau'in dole ne a kiyaye shi a cikin manyan sel. Wannan saboda Sonya yana son hawa bishiyoyi, kuma a cikin ƙaramin gida ba za ta sami wannan dama ba. A cikin babban keji, zaku iya shirya mata ba daya ba, amma gidaje da yawa na kwali, wannan shine dalilin da ya sanya ta kwanciyar hankali a rayuwa zata karu sosai.

Haɗin hatsi ya dace azaman ciyarwa, kwayoyi da Sweets zasu zama abin ci.

Dalilai da yawa me yasa irin wannan wuya a kula da gida:

Dabba karami ce kuma tana da sauri. Idan da gangan ya tsere daga cikin keji, to, zai iya yiwuwa ba zai yiwu a kama shi a cikin ɗakin ba. Wannan kawai fara wahalar kayan daki ne da komai.
Wannan nau'in dabba yana da ƙanshin ƙanshin, sabili da haka, zai zama dole a tsabtace keji sau da yawa. Wari a cikin ɗakin zai kasance har yanzu, saboda haka idan akwai masu rashin lafiyar a cikin gidan, to, zai fi kyau ka ƙi irin wannan dabba.
suna buƙatar ciyarwa na musamman - suna buƙatar kwari.

Dormouse na lambun

Ta fi kyau kyau. Jawo gashi ya zama ja ja, shimmer a rana, a fuska wani “mask” ne mai ban sha'awa wanda ke ba da hoto mai kyan gani da wayo. Abun ciki kusan kowa yana da dusar ƙanƙara-fari, a ƙarshen wutsiya - goga, akan ƙyalli - manyan idanu da kunnuwa. Ba kowa ba ne zai iya kusantar da irin wannan kyakkyawan dabba.

Dabba tana da motsi, tana tafiya da sauri ta cikin bishiyoyi, bishiyoyi da ƙasa. Babban abincinsa kwari ne. Hakanan yana iya amfani da abincin shuka, amma ya ba da fifiko ga dabba.

Idan irin wannan dabba ta zauna a gida, sannan kuna buƙatar keji na musamman, kuma mafi kyawun terrarium. Daga forage ya fi dacewa - kwari larvae da tsutsotsi na gari. Boyayyen kwai ya dace azaman abinci mai ƙari.

Dormouse na Lambun Lambu Kyakkyawan kwafi ne.

Dormouse na gandun daji

Wannan ita ce 'yar'uwar dabbar dabbar lambun, ita ce daidai Dole ne mazaunan zama. A gida, kwararru ba su bayar da shawarar dauke shi. Akwai dalilai da yawa don wannan:

hadaddun abinci
kowane mutum yana son wani abu daban, akwai gourmets a tsakanin su,
yana da matukar wahala a siya ko haifar da abinci na musamman don irin waɗannan dabbobin.

Ciyar da abinci

Dormouse na daji ba komai ba ne. Wannan haka yake idan magana "bayyanar tana yaudarar" zai zama ya dace: dabba mai kyau da ke da ƙima ita ce mai ƙaddara, a cikin abincin abincin da ba kawai asalin abincin tsiro yake ba.

A cikin yanayin, wannan karamin mai hankali da hankali ya fi son kwari (tsofaffi da larvae), yana lalata tarin tsuntsaye, kuma a wani lokaci bazai hana kajin ko linzamin kwamfuta ba.

Sabili da haka, kasancewar abincin dabbobi a cikin abinci shine abin ƙaddara shi ne. Wannan na iya zama kwai mai ɗanɗano, nama, babban ciroro, tsutsotsi na gari, pupae.

Dormouse na daji, wanda ke karɓar abinci kawai, ya rasa aiki bayan sati guda, kuma mata na iya cin cubanmansu.

Ciyarwar kayan lambu ya dace da kowane - duk ya dogara da zaɓin mutum na dabba.

Misali, a lokacin bazara, lokacin da dabbobi suka fita daga rashin kunya, menene dormouse na daji zai iya ci? Sai dai idan kodan da haushi suma suna bacci kuma suna zaune a gida kuma suna da abinci duk abinda suka zaɓa, lokacin bazara ne zasu fi son kodan da haushi.

Daga cikin samfuran da babu su a yanayi, dormouse cikin gida da farin ciki ku ci zuma, sukari, jam, kukis, farin gurasa da aka saka a cikin madara, ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai zaƙi.

Amma ko da yaya dabbobi suke son irin waɗannan samfuran, ya kamata a ɗan ƙima a cikin abincinsu.

Ko da kuwa akwai wadataccen abinci mai kyau, ruwa mai tsabta koyaushe ya kamata ya kasance a cikin keji. Yana samun datti da sauri, saboda haka kuna buƙatar canza ruwan yau da kullun.

SAURARA HU .U

Gidajen hunturu na Rodent suna cikin ƙasa, a cikin tsibin bisho ko ƙarƙashin asalinsu. Zurfin irin wannan rami kusan 30 cm: kusa da farfajiya, ƙasa zata iya daskarewa kuma dabbar za ta mutu.

Dormouse na gandun daji ya share kusan watanni biyar a cikin rashin tsari. Ta farka a ƙarshen Afrilu - Mayu, lokacin da duk dusar ƙanƙara za ta fara ƙarshe kuma za a kafa yanayin zafi a cikin dare. Idan yanayin yayi sanyi a lokacin farkawa, dormouse zai iya dawowa ramin ya sake yin barci kadan. Nan da nan bayan barin saƙar fata, dabbobi suna zuwa neman abokan tarayya: lokacin farauta ya fara.

Bayanin dangin dangin

Dukkan nau'ikan dangin Sonya, kuma akwai fiye da 28 daga cikinsu, suna da ɗan kamannin squirrels da beraye. Daban-daban cikin launi, duk suna da wulakanci mai motsi tare da tsayayyen tsauri mai tsawo, ƙananan kunnuwa da manyan idanu. Dogon jeji shine adon dormouse, wanda yasa suyi kama da squirrels. Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na waɗannan jariran shine cewa idan akwai haɗari, dormouse na iya rasa gashin wutsiyarsa kuma ya tsere daga abokan gaba. A wannan yanayin, yankin da ya lalace zai dawo da sauri.

Kamar yadda yake tare da dukkanin ƙwayoyin cuta, tsarin haƙƙin Sonya yana nuna fifikon abincin tsirrai, kwayoyi da berries a cikin abincin. Sunadaran dabbobi a cikin nau'in kwari da tsutsa tsutsa kwalliya magani ne don yawancin dormouse. Girman dabba ya dogara da nau'in, da launi. Mafi gama gari ga Sonya galibi shine yanayin rayuwa da tsawan lokaci na lokacin hunturu da aka dakatar. Suna bacci har tsawon watanni 7, wanda ya sa sunansu.

Asalin Sonya da mazauninta na asali

Sonya kyakkyawa ne, kankanin halittu masu rai wanda ke wakiltar masarautar babban dabba. Yayin aiwatar da nazarin wadannan dabbobin dabbobin, masanan kimiyya sun rarrabe su a cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa, umarnin mai yawa, da dangin carotid.
Yankin rarraba ƙasa yana da faɗi sosai kuma yana dogara da takamaiman nau'in dormouse, amma idan kuna da irin wannan sha'awar ku ziyarci wannan ƙaramar, to lallai ba lallai ne ku yi tafiya mai nisa ba, waɗannan dabbobin ana samun kusan a ko'ina cikin Turai da Asiya.

Rayuwa & Abinci

Babban mazaunin gandun daji shine tsayayyen daji mai cike da tsalle-tsalle, wani lokacin yakan zauna cikin gandun daji masu hade-da-gidanka, lambuna, bushes. Dormouse na gandun daji na iya tsayawa a cikin rami, tsohuwar gida mai tsuntsu, kuma yana iya gina nasa gida. Noma sony abinci mai gina jiki ne daban-daban kuma ya hada da kayan lambu da abinci na dabbobi. Daga tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, dormouse gandun daji ya fi son tsaba da 'ya'yan itãcen marmari daga tsirrai da tsire-tsire na daji (acorns, linden da ƙwayayen beech, ƙwayoyin apple, ƙwayar' ya'yan itace m). Daga abincin dabbobi, an fi son kwari da yawa, amma ƙwai da ƙananan kajin na iya. Ya danganta da lokacin da yanayin zama, duka tsirrai da kayan dabbobi na iya mamaye tsarin abincin dormouse.

Tantaba

Mafi kyawun zaɓuɓɓuka don kula da gidan su ne dwarf, hazel, lambu, daji da regiments:

Dwarf da hazel saboda ƙarancin girman su, zasu iya zama a cikin keji.
Don yin regiment, duka keji da aviary zasu zama mafi kyau duka.
Dole ne a kiyaye lambun da gandun daji na musamman a cikin aviary.

Dole ne a zaɓi keji da baƙin ƙarfe tare da sanduna akai-akai, don kada dabbar ta gudu. Karfe yana da amfani sosai, sabanin itace da filastik, wanda tsawon lokaci yana cike da ƙanshin mara daɗi, ƙwanƙwaran zaiyi maganin su a cikin lambobi biyu kuma ya gudu zuwa 'yanci. Jirgin da ba zai iya yin gyara ba yana sa tsaftacewa da tsaftacewa. Sawdust, kwakwalwan katako mai kyau da yashi bushe sune zaɓi mafi kyau don gado.

Lura da cewa waɗannan dabbobin suna da aiki sosai, zai fi kyau zaɓi zaɓi sel wanda ke da sarari. Dole ne a haɗe shi da kwanon abinci mai nauyi don kada dabbar ta juya shi, haka kuma mai shayarwa ta atomatik. Matsayi da yawa, bututu, igiya da ƙafa za su dace da nishaɗi. Hakanan zaka iya haɗa ƙarin gidan a cikin keji, wanda Sonya zai ba da gida.

SANARWA! Hay, bambaro, takarda mai tsabta da aka rarraba cikin tube ya dace da cika.

Ya kamata a wanke Habitat a kai a kai:

baka da masu sha - kullun,
maye gurbin zuriyar dabbobi - sau biyu a mako,
disinfection - 1 lokaci a cikin watanni 2-3.

Zaku iya lalata kwayar ta ruwan zãfi.

Sonia yakamata ya kasance a wuraren da ba batun zafin jiki ba. Hakanan yana da kyau don kare ƙarancin daga hasken rana kai tsaye daga gare ta kuma sanya keji daga batir.

Cutar

Yarda da ka'idodi na yau da kullun don kulawa da kulawa shine mabuɗin don tsayi da lafiya na dabba. Masu wannan dabbobin suna lura cewa lafiyar ƙwayar tsoka tana da kyau. Saboda haka, da zaran ka lura da canje-canje a dabi'un, ƙi cin abinci, rashin hankali, wannan shine lokaci don tuntuɓar likitan dabbobi.

Za'a iya rarrabu cututtuka zuwa rukuni biyu:

Cututtuka marasa jituwa. Dabbobi suna da alaƙa ga halayen rashin lafiyan ciki, gudawa, da kiba.
Cutar cututtuka. Likitan dabbobi ne kawai zai iya tantance kasancewar su. Ana haifar da su ta hanyar ƙwayar cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan fata. Zaɓuɓɓukan zaɓuka masu rikitarwa sun haɗa da raunukan fata, colibacteriosis, salmonellosis, brucellosis, listeriosis.

Bayanin nau'ikan Sonya da sifofin su

A cewar wasu bayanan kimiyya a duniya akwai kusan 25-30 jinsunan wakilan dormouse da yawa, sun haɗa da nau'ikan da yawa waɗanda, rashin alheri, basu rayu ba har zuwa zamaninmu na yau. Akwai nau'ikan halittu da yawa waɗanda ke zaune kusa da mu kuma waɗanda suka fi dacewa da dabbobin gida.

Sonya Polchok

Wannan wakilin duniya ya bambanta da duk danginsa a cikin girmansa - wannan shine babbar fitowar dormouse. Jikin tsohuwar dabba ya girma cikin tsayi daga 15 zuwa 20 cm, yawan jikinsu yana daga giram 150 zuwa 200. Tsawon wutsiya shine kusan 10-13 cm.Idan baku lura da wannan yanayin ba, to zaku iya zargin shi da kusancin dangin dangi zuwa squirrels kuma hakika suna da kusanci da juna. Kadai kunnuwa na ƙananan regiments basu da asalin gogewa na asali.
Jikin wannan dabba mai santsi da aka lulluɓe cikin wani furfura mai kauri, amma Jaɓancin ɗan gajere ne. Kwatantawa da kwandon daji, launin wannan dabba kullun iri daya ne kuma ba yanayin yanki ko yanayin yanayin yanayin da yake shafar shi. Yawancin lokaci ana yin ado da dormouse a launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi tare da ɗanɗano ƙamshi mai ƙamshi. Cain cikin ciki yawanci ya fi na baya baya kuma a al'adance ana zane shi da fararen fata da rawaya. A fuskar kyakkyawar fuskar wannan halitta, kayan “kayan haye na dabi'un” suna fitowa nan da nan ta fuskokin zobba masu duhu a idanun, wadanda kadan ne abubuwan tunawa da tabarau, amma a wasu wakilan irinsu babu makawa ana iya ganin su.

A karo na farko an bayyana wannan ƙimar matsakaici a cikin Burtaniya, duk da cewa kewayon rarrabawa na duniya yana da faɗi sosai kuma ya wuce Asiya. Ana iya ganin waɗannan wdballs da wutsiyoyi marasa ƙarfi yayin tafiya a Faransa, Italiya, Spain har ma a cikin yankin tekun Bahar Rum.

Saboda gaskiyar cewa bisa ga dabi'a waɗannan kyawawan dabbobi sune masu cin ganyayyaki kawai, sun zaɓi gandun daji don rayuwarsu, inda yawancin bishiyoyi masu yawan gaske ke girma, ba za su iya cin itacen ƙwari da ƙwayoyi a duk rayuwarsu ba, ba su damu da cin ɗan m 'ya'yan itace. Shelves na iya tsayawa kusa da gidajen gona, kamar su gonakin inabi ko gonakin inabi. Dabbobin ba sa cin abinci sosai, saboda haka ba zai kawo asara mai yawa ga amfanin gona ba, amma shi da kansa zai kasance mai cike da wadata. Yana matukar son apples, pears, dogwood, plums, cherries har ma da raspberries da blackberries. Kafin ya fara cin abinci, dole ne dabbar ta fara tabbatar da cewa abincin nata ya isa, ba za ta taɓa ci ba idan abincinsa bai isa ba.

Lokacin aikin wadannan tsutsotsi sun faɗi cikin dare, tare da farawar faɗuwar ƙasa a ƙasa, waɗannan ƙananan dabbobi masu ƙima suna barin ƙananan gidajensu masu kyau kuma suna fara neman abubuwa da yawa. Suna yawan cin lokaci a cikin itatuwa; Amma ba su da aiki kwata-kwata, tunda tuni daga tsakiyar Satumba suka fara fadawa cikin mafarkin hunturu. Abin ban sha'awa shine gaskiyar cewa maza manya na farko suna barin hutu don hunturu, sannan kuma ta manyanta.

Don lokacin hunturu, kayan kwalliya sukan tono ramuka masu zurfi waɗanda suka kai tsawon kusan 180-200 cm. Amma idan ba sa son shiga aikin gini, kuma akwai matsuguni na ɗan adam kusa da nan, to waɗannan dabarun na iya yin hunturu a cikin hayloft har ma a ƙarƙashin ƙirar gidaje. Ba su taɓa yin hannun jari na hunturu ba, saboda wannan, a lokacin hunturu, adadi da yawa na dabbobi suna mutuwa, waɗanda ba su da lokacin da za su ciyar da lokacin rani yadda ya kamata, domin idan sun tayar da barcinsu, nan da nan sai su farka, kuma ba su da abin da za su ci a lokacin hunturu.

Abin kallo, Dormouse na Afirka ta Kudu

Wannan jinsin an rarraba shi nesa da iyakokin ƙasarmu, galibi suna zaune a wurare masu duwatsu waɗanda ke yammacin ɓangaren yammacin Afirka mai zafi.
Dormouse na ɗan Afirka ƙaramin dabba ne, jikinta ba ya wuce cm 15 a tsayi, kuma yana kimanin gram 25-45. Ulu na wannan eccentric daga Afirka yana da matukar kyau a tsarin rubutu, mai laushi, mai zane a launuka masu kyawu. Haske na wannan tummy na wannan dabbar tana ado ne da fararen launi, lokaci-lokaci tare da dan karamin ash. A cikin wasu mutane, a kan wannan asalin, ga alama za a iya lura da wani tsarin da aka kafa ta ƙananan aibobi na launin ruwan hoda-ja. Hotunan iri ɗaya zasu iya zama a fuskar dabba.

Ba kamar danginsu na gida ba, wannan ƙungiyar Afirka ba ta yarda da zaman kadaici ba kwata-kwata, saboda wannan dalili a cikin daji yawanci suna zaune cikin manyan ƙungiyoyin jama'a.

Yaya kamarsa?

Sony dan ko sony (Gliridae) yana cikin tsarin rodent. Waɗannan ƙananan dabbobi ne masu ƙarancin ƙarfi, amma tsawon jikin mutum mafi girma na iya kaiwa zuwa cm 20. Wutsiyoyinsu, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya fi guntu jiki fiye da jiki. Wasu nau'ikan suna jagorantar hanyarsu ta rayuwa, sun banbanta da rabin tsirara ko wutsiyar wutsiya kuma suna kama sosai da irin waɗannan berayen. Abubuwanda suka fi son rayuwa akan bishiyoyi suna da wutsiyoyi kuma suna kama da murabba'i bayyanar. Wasu lokuta ana kiran waɗannan dabbobin da berayen, amma suna da bambanci sosai da berayen. Wadannan kananan kananan jijiyoyi sunada yawa a sarari. Ana iya haɗuwa dasu a Turai, a arewacin Afirka, a Minan Asiya, a cikin tsaunukan Altai, a Japan. Akwai kuma ra'ayi na Afirka Ta Kudu.

Shin kun sani?Dormouse na Jafananci shine mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin dangin dormouse (girman jiki har zuwa 8 cm, yana ɗaukar kimanin 20 g) kuma yana da ikon gudanar da rassa. Yana ciyar da yafi akan nectar da pollen.

Shelf

Wannan nau'in shine mafi girma ga dukkan abubuwan rashin sani. Ana iya kuskure cikin karamin squirrel. A tsayi, jikin dabbar zai iya kaiwa 20 cm, wutsiyarsa tayi kyau, ya fi guntu a cikin tsayin jiki. Jawo a saman yana iya zama launin toka ko launin toka-mai-launin toɗi, daga ƙasa launin ya canza zuwa launin toka ko farar fata. Ana iya lura da zobba mai duhu a idanu. Sonya Polchok yana ƙaunar dazuzzuka da cakuda. Ya fi son irin waɗannan sassa na gandun daji inda akwai bishiyoyi da yawa na daji da tsire-tsire tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu cin abinci (hazelnut, hawthorn, honeysuckle, da sauransu). Mafi yawanci ana sanye take da rami. Wani lokaci yana iya gina gida tsakanin duwatsu ko ƙarƙashin bishiyoyin da suka faɗi. Sau da yawa yakan zauna a cikin gidajen tsuntsayen, yana fitar da tsuntsaye daga gare su. Shiryayye yana ciyar da abinci na musamman - 'ya'yan itatuwa, tsaba, berries. Hibernates a cikin fall, tana farkawa a cikin Mayu kawai, har ma a watan Yuni.

Shin kun sani?Aristotle ya bayyana dormouse da dormouse na lambun. Ya kira waɗannan dabbobin "eleos", wanda za'a iya fassara shi daga Girkanci na da "kyakkyawa" ko "kyakkyawa".

Siffofin Abubuwan ciki

Kafin sayen Sony, kana buƙatar shirya. Duk da cewa basa bukatar kara girma, kar a siya masu zagaye. Kamar kowane rodents, suna jin dadi ba a cikin irin wannan yanayi ba. A cikin keji, yana da kyau a sami da'irar gudu da rajistan ayyukan da yawa. Wannan zai ɗauki abincin ka kuma ya baka damar motsawa da himma.

Lokacin kiyaye ma'auratan, ya zama dole a tanada kasancewar gidaje biyu - galibi namiji da mace sunfi so su zauna dabam. Suna matukar son daukaka da kuma wuce gidansu. Ka ba su abu don wannan darasi - ganye da ciyawa. A cikin zaman talala, masu barci ba sa hibernate a cikin hunturu, amma ayyukansu na iya raguwa.

BUDURWAR RAYUWA

A ƙarshen watan Agusta - farkon Satumba, Sony ya fara shirye-shiryen shawo kan fata. Sukan hau zuwa ɗigon fure ko yin ramuka ƙasa zuwa tsayi 1.5 m. Har zuwa dabbobi goma na iya yin hunturu a wuri guda, galibi mace ko yarinya daga tsintsiya ɗaya. Daga kaka, Sonya yana mai yawan ƙiba kuma yana yin ajiyar lokacin hunturu a cikin "kayan kwalliya" na musamman. Kuskure cikin zaɓar “Auren hunturu” na iya biyan dormouse - wurin hunturu kada ya daskare. A lokacin iskoshafi, a matsayinka na doka, har kashi biyu bisa uku na wadanda ke fama da rashin haihuwa suna mutuwa, wadanda ba su sami nasarar tara isasshen kitsen mai ko suka zabi wurin da bai dace ba.

Metabolism na dabba yayi jinkirin zuwa 2%, yawan zafin jiki yana sauka zuwa 3 ° C. Yawan rikicewar zuciya ya zama kadan. Numfashi yayi saurin sauka daga 25 zuwa 4-5 a minti daya, wani lokacin ma har ya daina zuwa wani lokaci. A wannan yanayin, motsin da ake kira cardiopneumatic motsi sakamakon ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya yana ba da gudummawa ga haɗuwa da iska a cikin hanyoyin iska. Wannan ya isa don gamsar da ragewar bukatar iskar oxygen. Irin wannan hutu na numfashi na iya wuce minti 11.

Lokacin da iska ta tashi zuwa + 6 ° C a lokacin bazara, za a sake dawo da zafin jiki na al'ada a cikin dormouse kuma dabbar ta fara farkawa. Haka kuma, tsokar dake jikinta tana yin “dumama” saboda sabbin hanyoyin sarrafawa da ke faruwa a cikin wannan lokacin.

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