Gidan sarauta, sunan kimiyya shine Panaque nigrolineatus, mallakar gidan Loricariidae ne (Chain ko Loricaria catfish). Babban kifayen marasa kyan gani da kyawawan halaye tare da halayyar wahala Idan kayi la'akari da duk fasalulluka, to abun cikin ba zai haifar da matsala da yawa ba har ma ga masu fara binciken ruwa.

Bayanin

Mutanen da suka manyanta sun kai tsawon cm 43. A cikin shekarar farko da rabi, suna girma da sauri, suna kaiwa 20 santimita ko fiye. To girma yana ragewa kuma zasu sayi matsakaicin girman su kawai da shekaru 7-10.

Wani nau'in dangi ne mai alaƙa da kusanci da Plekostomus, yana da kama ɗaya da su. Dukkanin jikin an rufe shi da faranti kashi, imgument yana da wahala tare da jijiyoyi da yawa. Hasken farko na ƙashin ƙyallen sune fizik mai kaifi. Tsarin jiki yana kunshe da madadin launuka masu launin ruwan wuta da kuma farin haske ko farin ratsi. Idanun ja.

Bakin shine kofi mai tsotsa wanda kifin ya goge furen abinci mai gina jiki daga saman snags, 'ya'yan itatuwa, ganye da ganyayyaki.

Abinci mai gina jiki

An dauke shi wani nau'in masani ne. Yana karɓar yawancin ciyar da bushewar bushewa (flakes, granules). Sau da yawa akan ciyar da ragowar abincin da ya rage daga sauran mazaunan akwatin kifaye. Muhimmin abu a cikin abinci shine kayan abinci na ganyayyaki. Wannan na iya zama abinci na musamman ko letas, alayyafo, zucchini da sauran kayan marmari kore. Kafin yin hidima, ana bada shawara don magance su da ruwan zãfi ko kuma daskare su don yin fiber na shuka.

Kyakkyawan girma na akwatin kifaye na babban kifi mai girma yana farawa a lita 200. A cikin ƙirar, yana da buƙatar samar da wuraren mafaka daga abubuwan halitta ko kayan adon na adabin. Duk wani tsari, alal misali, kogo, babban abu, yakamata ya kasance kuma ya kasance babban girmansa. Matsalar gama gari shine kifayenda ke makale.

Sun fi lalata tsire-tsire masu rai. Ko dai kowane nau'in iyo iyo nau'in tsiro mai saurin girma tare da tushen tushen tushen bada shawarar.

Royal panaki ne unpreentious da Hardy, daidai dace da daban-daban yanayi. Hanyoyi don rayuwa cikin kewayon yanayin zafi da daidaito na alamomin hydrochemical.

Kulawar akwatin kifayen misali ne kuma yana haɗa da sauyawa na sati ɗaya na ruwa tare da ruwa mai ɗorewa, cire ragowar tarin ƙwayoyin cuta da kula da kayan aiki.

Halayya da Yarbuwa

A dabi'a, galibi suna zaune a cikin manyan rukuni cikin garken da dama ko ma daruruwan mutane. Koyaya, kifi ɗaya ne kawai za'a sayi a cikin akwatin kifaye na gida. Yankin masarautar sarauta shine nau'in ƙasa, yana ƙiyayya ga kowane kifi na ƙasa, gami da dangi. Dabarar tana juyawa ne kawai idan babban rukuni ya kula da ita.

Wakilan sauran nau'ikan da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwan ruwa ko a farfajiyar za su kasance lafiya. Koda ƙananan tetras zasu zauna ba tare da jan hankalin wannan kifin ba. Godiya ga kayan aikinsu, zasu iya samun daidaituwa tare da wasu masu ƙaddara masu girman daidai.

Cutar Kifi

A cikin yanayi mai dacewa da daidaitaccen tsarin abinci, da alama cutar cuta ce ƙasa. Bayyanar alamun bayyanar cututtuka, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana aiki a matsayin alama na matsalolin matsaloli a cikin abun ciki, don haka ana bincika ingancin da abun da ke cikin ruwa koyaushe. Don ƙarin bayani game da alamu da magani, duba sassan Cututtukan Kifi na Aquarium.

Bidiyo na Panak

A cikin duka, Halin Panaque a halin yanzu ya ƙunshi nau'ikan kifayen 14, waɗanda girman su ya kai 28 cm 60. Waɗannan kifayen sun zama ruwan dare a arewacin Kudancin Amurka: Venezuela, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil. Suna zaune a cikin kwandunan kogin Amazon, Orinoco, Santiago, Pastaz, Ukayali, Monon, Napo, Maranon, Apure, Oyapok, Sacramento, Caroni, Yapuro da Magdalena. Sunan "panak" a cikin yaren mutanen Venezuela na nufin "kifi". Panaki suna zaune a cikin rafuffuka masu zurfi da zurfi tare da saurin gudu da sauri, ana iya samunsu a cikin laka, bayyane da baƙar fata, a kan yashi, dutse, siliki da yumɓu, a cikin ciyayi mai yawa ko, gaba ɗaya, ba tare da shi ba. Amma akwai fasali guda ɗaya wanda ya haɗu da dukkanin waɗannan kwayoyin halittu - kasancewar yawancin ɗakunan bishiyoyi masu narkewa. A cikin kogunan Kudancin Amurka, akwai wuraren da tarkace daga itace mai bushewa na tsawon kilomita da yawa - kuma daidai ne a kan wannan katako wanda ya fara rayuwa. Gaskiya ita ce tushen abincinsu. Bugu da kari, panaki ku ci algae, duckweed da sauran tsire-tsire.

Babban fasalin rarrabe na Panakov shine takamaiman sifofin hakora - tushensu ya fi kunkuntar fiye da gefen. Wato, akwai yaduwar haɓaka daga gumis zuwa gefen haƙori, saboda haka ana kiransu "sikelin-cokali" (suna da siffar cokali). Abu na biyu kuma wataƙila mafi kyawun fasalin abubuwan panaks shine yanayin halayyar kwanyar, ana tunawa da motar farko ta jirgin ƙasa mai sauri, da kuma nauyin kai zuwa jiki (kai ya mamaye kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na tsawon kifin). Babu ƙarancin halayyar su da gashin-baki na gungun matsalolin. Tunda suna ciyar da itace gabaɗaya, basa buƙatar ɗanɗano da manazartar kayan shafa. Dangane da wannan, ana samun gashin baki mai mahimmanci, amma mai tsananin gashin kansa kawai kusa da hanci, yayin da babban gashin-baki bai cika aikin masu nazarin ba, a maimakon haka yana taimakawa gano tsinkayen tsinkayen nasa (yana iya rarrafe wani wuri ko a'a). Wani fasali na farji shine rays ɗin finsu - a koyaushe akwai 8 daga cikin waɗannan haskoki, kuma suna da ƙarfi sosai suna kusa da gefen.

Dukkanin sassan jikin waɗannan catfishes (ban da na ciki) an rufe shi da faranti masu fatar fata waɗanda ke haifar da wani abu kamar kayan yaƙi wanda ba za'a iya canzawa ba. Wannan kayan aikin yana kare su daga masu dabaibaye, amma yana sa su zama cikakke da jinkirin. Panaki - 'Yan wasan ninkaya masu banƙyama waɗanda ba za su iya motsawa cikin ƙaƙƙarfan halin yanzu ba. Koyaya, anan ne suka samo hanyar asali: don kada igiyar ruwa ta dauke su, kifayen sun haɗa kansu da duwatsun ko kututtukan bishiyoyi da suka tsiro daga ruwa tare da taimakon manyan kofuna masu tsotsa ruwan dake rufe da bakin ciki. Tare da bakinsu a buɗe, panaki ya tsaya a kan akwati ko reshe na itacen da ya bushe kuma ya ciji cikin itacen mai laushi tare da haƙoran haƙoransu. Kwayoyin cuta da suke rayuwa a cikin su na taimaka musu su narke abinci mai wuya.

Za'a iya bambanta launin launukan launuka masu launuka sosai kuma masu daukar hoto. Launin jikinsu ya bambanta da launin ruwan kasa duhu zuwa baki tare da ratsi a tsaye daga rawaya zuwa fari. Juveniles suna da rariyoyi da yawa.

Lokacin adana waɗannan kifin a cikin ruwa, kada mutum ya manta cewa suna buƙatar busasshen itace. Tushen bishiyoyi 'ya'yan itace (plums, apple apple, ash ash, etc.) sun dace sosai da wannan. Daga manyan fargaba akwai datti da yawa acikin nau'in “shaves”, don haka dole a cire su kowane kwana 1 - 3. Don haka kifayen ba su fuskantar fama da yunwar kullun, dole ne abinci ya kasance cikin akwatin kifayen koyaushe. Kayan lambu zasu taimaka maka da wannan - kokwamba, zucchini, kabewa, dankalin turawa. Af, don manyan mutane, ba lallai ba ne don shirya kayan lambu musamman a kasa. Kifi ya sarrafa don samun abinci daga farfaɗo ya saukar da shi ƙasa tare da dabaru iri iri. Misali, kifi na iya danna da'irar kokwamba ko zucchini tare da ciki a kan gilashin kuma a hankali ya zame a kasa tare da shi, daga nan ne zai ci shi.

Matasan masakai suna nuna halin nutsuwa, amma tare da tsufa sun zama yankuna da yawa. Speciesananan jinsuna a gaban yawancin ɗakunan ajiya suna da ma'amala tare da ɗaiɗaikun nau'ikansu, tetra da ƙananan kifayen wasu iyalai zasu iya zama maƙwabta. Ya kamata a zaɓar maƙwabta a hankali - kifi mai aiki da m zai iya cinye ƙarancin sa.

Siffofin

Dole ne a sayi akwatin kifaye a farashin lita 200 a kowace som. Royal Panak kifi ne mara ma'ana kuma yana dacewa da yanayi daban-daban. Designirƙirar akwatin kifaye daidai. A gaban da yawa mafaka a cikin nau'i na tarin tarin duwatsu, grottoes, tukwane lãka - da ake bukata a cikin zane na akwatin kifaye tare da sarauta panak. Hakanan, kasancewar daskararren itace tare da itace mai laushi (alal misali, itacen apple, plum, ash dutse) a matsayin tushen ƙarin abinci yana da kyawawa don guje wa matsaloli tare da hanji. Bawa yana ƙaunar hawa zuwa mafaka, a cikin rata tsakanin duwatsun, don haka yana da daraja a sanya mafaka da makaman katanga irin waɗannan kifayen da kifayen za su iya fita da kansu. In ba haka ba, matsalar rashin kwanciyar hankali da ke fama da ita na iya mutuwa cikin lokaci. M canza mako-mako ruwa, kazalika da tacewa da aeration.

Yadda ake ciyar da abinci

Ba lallai ba ne a sayi abinci na musamman don Panak, ana iya faɗi cewa suna iko akan komai. Sosai, suna karban abinci don wasu kifayen, sannan kuma su zaɓi shi daga wasu kifin. Kamar kowane masu kama kifi na catfish, suna tsabtace gilashin da kayan ado na akwatin kifaye daga zane, amma ba za mu iya cewa sun yi shi da kyau ba. Toari ga wannan, ya wajaba a ba wa panakas wasu ganye, irin su letas, lemo, ko kokwamba mai kyau (a yanka kai tsaye a cikin da'irar) ko zucchini. Idan babu greenery a kusa, sayi abincin bisa spirulina, ko spirulina kawai - wanda kuma an yarda dashi.

Maƙwabta

Daidaitawa tare da babban kifi mai ƙaunar zaman lafiya a tsakiyar da kuma saman ruwa. Wataƙila abubuwan da ke tattare da cichlids, kamar yadda lalata wannan kifin ba abu bane mai sauƙi. Kuma tunda panak ya dace da yanayi daban-daban, abun ciki tare da tattaunawa, wanda, kamar yadda kuka sani, rayuwa a zazzabi na 30-33 ° C, an yarda.

Yanayin Panaka

Girman balagaggen kwanon fata na baki na iya zama 25-30 cm, za'a iya samun duk 40 cm, amma da wuya. Kuna iya saukar da shi tare da kowane kifi, tunda yana da matukar wahalar kashe panaka - an rufe jikin kifin tare da farananan ƙasusuwa masu ƙarfi. Kuma namiji mai girman a kan karar warin ma shima yana da jijiyoyin jiki. Jikin maza yana da santsi fiye da mace da launuka masu haske.

Ofimar akwatin kifaye don ɗauke da irin waɗannan manyan kifin ya kamata ya zama akalla lita 150, idan ta kasance ruwan kifin na kowa ne, to har ma ya fi girma (mafi girma, mafi kyau ga kifin kuma mafi sauƙin kulawa). Yanayin zafin ruwa yana kan matsakaici 24-30 ℃, taurin kai ya kai 16 °, pH ya kusan 7. Kamar yadda gogewa ya nuna, panaki na iya rayuwa a yanayin zafi sama, misali, tare da tattaunawa (kuma wannan shine 30-33 ° C). M filtration, aeration da kuma sauyin sati na kwata na yawan adadin akwatin kifaye.

A karkashin kyakkyawan yanayin rayuwa, bakin tebur mai launin baƙi zai iya rayuwa shekaru 10.