Bat - dabba ce mai shayarwa ta dabbobi, jinsin jemagu, ana ganinsa a matsayin dabbar dabbar dabbar da ta dame. A bangare guda, jemage ne kadai dabba wanda zai iya motsawa ta sararin sama, bisa wannan karfin da suke da'awar cewa tsuntsu ne. Amma, a gefe guda, suna da mahimmanci, suna ciyar da yaransu tare da madara, wanda tsuntsayen ba suyi ba.
Hanyar rayuwar dabbobin da ba ta dace ba sun kirkiro wasu tatsuniyoyi da yawa a kusa da su, kuma wasu sun yarda da cewa kananan dabbobin da ke bacci a wuraren da ba ruwansu suna ainihin dabbobi ne da ke cinye mutane da dabbobi su sha jininsu. Ba duk abin da ke cikin waɗannan hadisai ba ne almara.
Asalin sunan jemon
Sunan "bat" da kansa ya fito a cikin harshen Rashanci kawai a farkon karni na 17, godiya ga fassarar littafin Jamusanci. Wannan rukunin rubuce-rubucen ya samo asali, kuma wannan ne aka fara kiran dabbiyan 'yan ƙungiyar.
A cikin Rasha, akwai wasu sunaye: jem, fata, bikin maraice, hasken dare, mai ɗaukar dawakai, ushan, kibiya-kibiya, tubkonos da sauransu. Duk suna nuna alamar waje na waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa ko kuma abubuwan rayuwar su.
Ana lura da abu iri ɗaya a cikin sunan zamani. Dabbobin da basu da alaƙa tare da umarnin ƙarfi suna da kama sosai a bayyanar. Ee, kuma sautin jemage yana kama da na macijin, kuma ikon tashi sama yana da ma'anar da ta zama sunan rukunin rukunin.
Yawo
Babban fasalin wadannan dabbobi sune fuka-fuki. Ya kasance saboda kasancewar doguwar muhawara: har yanzu jemage tsuntsu ne ko kuma dabba.
Fikafikan fuka-fukan ne na bakin ciki waɗanda aka shimfiɗa a tsakanin ƙashin bayan gaba da baya. Ba kamar tsuntsaye ba, jemagu basa da gashin fuka-fukai, kuma membranes suna haɗe zuwa yatsun yatsun fari na manyan kannun gora.
Kwakwalwar tsuntsaye, dangane da nau'in, na iya bambanta daga 16 cm zuwa 1.5 m. Duk da irin raunin da ke akwai, suna da karfin jure manyan kayayyaki kuma suna haɓaka saurin jirgin sama har zuwa 20 km / h.
Batirin kwarangwal
Jikin dabbobi ɗan ƙanƙane ne: kashin baya ya fi guntu fiye da naƙasassun hancin yatsun da yatsunsu biyar waɗanda ke da kaifi mai kaifi. Dabba ba shi da guntun kafafu, humerus ya gajarta, don haka motsinsa a doron kasa kadan ne, babban abu a gare su shine tashi.
Kwanyar kwanyar a zagaye take da gajeriyar gaba a wasu nau'ikan kuma sun daɗe a cikin wasu. Idan ka kalli jemagu, jiki ba zai ganuwa ba. Suna da alama sun kunshi kai da fuka-fuki.
Dabbobin suna da wutsiya da ba a rufe da gashi. Ga yawancin, yana aiki a matsayin daidaitawa don rawar daji yayin jirgin.
Kunnuwa na taka muhimmiyar rawa a rayuwar dabba wacce ba ta da hangen nesa. A kusan dukkanin nau'in halitta, suna da yawa.
Yawancin cibiyoyin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini suna ciyar da kunnuwa, saboda kasancewarsu cikin rayuwar jemagu yana samar musu da ikon motsawa da farauta.
Giyatan suna yin sautikan da suke da amo, wanda, farawa daga abubuwa, komawa. Wannan hanyar daidaituwa a duniya ana kiranta echolocation. Ikon kama ko da sautin da aka fi natsuwa tare da saurin walƙiya, yana taimakawa jemage su tashi da daddare, don jin motsin yiwuwar abin da ake ci.
Anya
Jemagu yana da yanayin rayuwa, wanda a cikin ci gaban halitta ya shafi idanuwansu. Eyesaramin ƙananan idanu a kusan dukkanin nau'ikan halittu suna gaban gaban muck ɗin.
Amma ga waɗannan dabbobin akwai banbancen. Don haka, tsire-tsire masu ba da ganye na Californian wani lokacin dogara da wani lokaci akan gani fiye da ji lokacin farauta.
Idan jaka tana rayuwa kamar dabbobi, to, kun lura cewa da ƙarancinsa tana tashi daki ne da wutar take kunnawa, kuma ta kama shi, kunna wutar fitila, kuma nan da nan dabbar ta daina tashi.
Babu shakka dukkan jemage suna da hakora: a cikin faifan mutum yana iya lura da incisors, molars da pre-m haƙori, da beraye. Amma yawansu, girmansu da kuma tsarinsu ya dogara ne akan abin da jemagu ke ci a yanayin ƙasa.
Wadancan jemagu, waɗanda abincinsu ya ƙunshi kwari, suna da hakora 38, kuma tsawon tsubansu ma na iya bambanta. A mice tsotsa jini, a matsayin mai mulkin, muƙamuƙi ya ƙunshi hakora 20, kuma basu da girma da haɓaka kamar takwarorinsu na kwari.
Wool
Yawancin jinsunan jemagu suna da launi mara kyau: launin ruwan kasa, launin toka, launin toka mai duhu. Wannan ya faru ne saboda buƙatar kulawa da hankali yayin farauta dare. Amma har ma a tsakanin waɗannan dabbobin akwai madaidaiciyar zamani: jinsunan masu kifayen 'yan Mexico suna da orange mai haske ko ulu mai rawaya. Akwai kuliyoyi a cikin tabarau waɗanda launuka masu haske: maraice, rawaya mai haske.
Batan farin batirin Honduran yana cike da farin inuwa na Jawo da kunnuwa masu haske da hanci.
Ingancin shafawa na iya zama daban. Akwai dabbobin da ke da kauri mai kauri, mara nauyi da gajere.
Kayan fata biyu
Matsakaicin wakilan wannan nau'in kusan dukkanin ƙasashen Eurasia ne. Kuna iya saduwa da ita a Rasha, daga Kudancin Siberiya zuwa kan iyakokin yamma. Suna zaune a jerin lamuran dutse, da cikin gandun daji, da cikin tuddai. Wasu dabbobin da ke cikin wannan nau'in za su iya zama ko da tasirin gidan manyan biranen.
Tsawon jikin waɗannan jemagu yakai cm 6.5, kuma fikafin nesinsa ya cika cm 33. A lokaci guda, suna yin nauyi zuwa gram 23. Irin waɗannan girma suna ba da damar a faɗi cewa fata sautin mai launin biyu shine babban jaka.
Launi na asali na dabba ya bayyana sunanta: kunnuwa, mucks da fuka-fuki kusan baki ne, baya yana da launin ruwan kasa, kuma ciki shine haske launin fari ko fari.
'Ya'yan leat-mai sauti guda biyu suna ciyar da kwari.
Babban biki maraice
Wadannan jemagu suna zaune a yankin Turai. Babbar haɗuwar maraice ita ce mafi girma da ke zaune a Rasha. Tsawon jikinta ya kai cm 11, nauyi - grain 70-80, da fuka-fuki - 45-50 cm.
Dabba ba ta da launi mai haske: galibi su launin ruwan kasa ne ko tan, ƙyallen ciki akwai haske fiye da baya. Amma ba lura da jirgin waɗannan talifofin ke da wahalar isa ba, saboda girman su yana da ban sha'awa.
Lura da rayuwar bikin, sun gano cewa, wadannan jemagu suna cin manyan kwari. A Rasha, sun fi son ƙwaro da barkono.
Sukan zauna mafi yawan lokuta a cikin bishiyoyi m. Tunda ƙananan yanayin zai yiwu a cikin mazauna, a lokacin sanyi, dabbobi suna ƙaura, suna zaɓar yankuna masu daɗi.
Ganyen fari
Farar fata ta sami suna don kamanninta na asali: ulu ulu fari da baƙaƙen launin toka a ciki. Amma hanci da kunnuwan wakilan wannan nau'in suna da rawaya mai haske, kuma siffarsu tana kama da ganye. Da alama dabbar ta makale kansa kaka da ganye.
Wannan ɗayan ƙananan wakilai ne na kwari: girman jikin mutum bai wuce 4-5 cm ba, kuma nauyin shine gram 7 kawai. Yana da ƙanana kaɗan wanda wasu lokuta ga alama tsuntsu ne.
Wannan farin al'ajibi yana zaune ne a Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka, Honduras, Panama. Don rayuwa, sun zabi gandun daji na kogi, inda koyaushe suke samun abinci - ficus da 'ya'yan itace.
Asalin asali na dabba yana jan hankalin mutane, don haka bat a gida yana ƙara zama gama gari.
Batir Bat
Wakilan wannan nau'in ana la'akari da su mafi ƙanƙanci: nauyinsu ba ya wuce gram 2, tsawon jikin mutum shine 3-5 cm. Wasu lokuta suna rikice da bumblebees.
Sun sami suna don asalin hanci, suna kama da alade. Launi na yau da kullun shine launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, wani lokacin launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi. Mayafin a ciki yana da inuwa mai haske.
Yana zaune a cikin jemage aladun a kudu maso yamma na Thailand da kuma wasu tsibiran da ke kusa. A wasu wuraren, ba ma gama gari ba ne, saboda haka, ana ɗaukar su masu matuƙar gargaɗi ga wannan yanki.
Wani fasali na wadannan dabbobin shine farautarsu ta hadin gwiwa: yawanci sukan taru a kananan garke su tashi tare domin neman kananan kwari.
Banƙan dabbobi suna da wahalar gani tare da ido tsirara, saboda haka yana da matukar wahala a lura da rayuwarsu.
Babban zomo
Wadannan dabbobin suna zaune ne a yankin daga Kudancin Mexico zuwa Arewacin Argentina, da kuma a cikin Bahamas da Antilles.
Babban kurege babban jaka ne: nauyi a wasu lokuta nauyinsa ya kai gram 80, girman jikin mutum ya kai 13.5 cm.
Dabbobin suna da fasalin launuka masu ban sha'awa: maza suna da ja mai haske, wani lokacin ma harda jan wuta, amma mace suna dafe sosai, launin toka-mai-haske.
Sunan na biyu - jemon da ke cin kifi - waɗannan jemagu da aka karɓa saboda halayen cin abinci. Dabbobi sun fi son zama kusa da tafkunan. Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa cin mai zomo, ba kwari bane, kamar jemagu da yawa, har ma da ƙananan kifi, ƙananan crayfish da frogs.
Af, za su iya tashi don farauta, sabanin yawancin wakilan tawagarsu, da rana.
Dare dare
An bayyana rayuwar wakilan wannan nau'in daki-daki ta masanin kimiyyar Faransa Dobanton. A cikin girmama shi ne waɗannan dabbobin suka sami suna na biyu - hasken dare na dobanton.
In mun gwada da kananan dabbobi (nauyi har zuwa 15 gram, fuka-fuki - ba su wuce 27 cm ba, da tsawon jikin - 5.5 cm) sun fi son farauta kusa da tafkunan, sahun sauro da sauran kwari masu shan jini don abinci.
Kananan jemagu suna da mazauni mai faɗi sosai: a Rasha ana iya samun su a cikin ƙananan Volga, a cikin Ussuri Territory, akan Sakhalin, Kamchatka, a cikin yankin Terimorsky, suna zaune a wasu ƙasashe: a Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Mongolia, Italiya.
Ba a bayyana a fuska (galibi furcinsu yana da launin ruwan kasa), sune mafarauta masu kyau, suna lalata tarin kwari.
Brown-flaps kunne
Mafi yawan abin da ake ganin wadannan jemagu sune manyan kunnuwansu. Tare da nauyin da bai wuce gram 12 ba kuma girman jiki na 5 cm, kunnuwa wasu lokuta sun fi girma jiki. Amma ba za su iya yin fahariya da launi na fari ba: gashin ulu-launin toka-suren ba shi da labari.
Ana samun murfin buɗe ido a kusan dukkanin ƙasashen Eurasia, a arewacin Afirka, a China.
Don gidajensu, sun dace da kusan duk wani wuri: caves, gine-gine, bishiyoyi. Mafi yawan lokuta, sukan tashi zuwa hunturu a yankuna masu zafi, amma koyaushe suna komawa tsoffin gidajensu.
Manyan kunnuwa sun ba ta damar farauta har ma da cikakken duhu.
Bat dwarf
Ana ɗaukarsa mafi ƙarancin wakilan ƙungiyar batirin da ke zaune a Turai. Jikinta ya kai tsayi 4 cm kuma nauyinsa 6 g. Wakilan wannan nau'in suna da wutsiya mai tsayi da yawa - har zuwa 3.5 cm.
Launi na dabba ya dogara da yankin mazauninsu: a cikin dabbobin da ke zama a Asiya, launin fata ne, launin toka, cikin launin ruwan kasa na Turai.
Jejiyoyi suna zaune kusa da mazaunin ɗan adam, sau da yawa suna zaɓan wuraren zane da gidaje.
Wakilan wannan nau'in sun fi son ƙananan kwari don abinci, wanda ke taimakawa da yawa, da kashe dubunna sauro da kuɗaɗe.
Fannin gama gari
Kyawawan halittu masu yawa suna yada ra'ayin jemagu kamar yadda vampires masu iya shan dukkan jini daga dabba ko mutum. Wani suna shine babban mai jini. Sinadarin enzyme da ke cikin hancin wadannan dabbobi na iya zama da hadari: yana shafar coagulation na jini. Koda karamin rauni zai iya haifar da babbar asarar jini. Kuma idan da yawa masu aikin jinin jini suka kai hari cikin dare, to mutuwa ba makawa ce.
Wannan ba karamin Bature bane (wanda bai wuce gram 50 ba, kuma fikafikansa har zuwa 20 cm) a duk rana, yana bacci a matattakalar sa a cikin rufin asirin cikin manyan 'yan uwan, kuma bayan duhu ya tashi yafara farauta. Tana zabi ganima a tsakanin dabbobi masu bacci, musamman ma kan fi son shanu - ba za su iya yin tsayayya da su ba. Zabi wani wuri kusa da tasoshin da ke jikin mutum, dabba zai ciji kuma ya yanke jini, wanda yake gudana daga rauni a hankali.
'Yan adam na iya kaiwa hari ga dabbobi idan sun kwana a wuraren da za a iya ziyartar wadannan jemagu.
Mazaunin wannan nau'in shine Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka.
Farin-giwa farar fata
Wakilin wannan nau'in yana da matsakaitan matsakaitan kwari: tsawon jikin mutum ya kai 11 cm, nauyinsa ya kai gram 40, fuka-fukan kuwa har zuwa 40 cm.
Kamar garken dabbobi na yau da kullun, dabba mai fuka-fuki tana zaune a Kudancin da Tsakiyar Amurka. Mayafin ta na da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, ɗan haske akan ciki.
Farin giwa mai kaifin baki yana kaiwa tsuntsayen, jininsu ne abincin dabbobi.
Boreal vampire
Yana zaune a wuri guda kamar yadda 'yan uwansa suke, suna cin jini. Amma wakilan wannan nau'in na iya kwantar da hankali ga tsuntsayen da dabbobi.
Ba kamar sauran jemagu ba, tururuwa mai kafaɗɗar ƙafar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta bata da haɓakar haɓaka, don haka a cikin jiragensa ba dogaro da yawa akan yanayin al'ada kamar a wahayi.
Launi mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi da ƙananan girman yana ba su damar kusanci da waɗanda abin ya shafa ba su sani ba.
Yawancin masu bincike sun lura cewa vampires na ƙafafun kafaffun kafaffun ba sa tsoron mutane: suna iya tashi sosai, kusan a zaune a hannayensu.
Ina ne jemagu ke zaune?
Idan zamuyi magana game da yankuna da kwari suke rayuwa, to lallai ne zamu lissafa duk duniya. Iyakar abin da aka ban banbanta shine yankuna tundra da filayen da kankara ta rufe. A waɗannan yanayin yanayin, rayuwar jemage ba shi yiwuwa. Babu waɗannan dabbobi a wasu tsibirin da ke nesa, saboda kawai ba za su iya isa wurin ba.
A duk sauran bangarorin na duniya zaku iya saduwa da wakilan wannan takaddama. Ko da a cikin manyan biranen, a tasirin manyan gine-gine masu tsayi, jemagu suna samun mafaka.
Jaka a cikin yanayi ya fi son su zauna a cikin kogo, inda, suka jingina ga hanun leburorin, suna bacci da rana, kuma da magariba suna tashi don farauta. Akwai waɗansu kogon da dubunnan biranen masarauta ke zaune. Wani lokaci tsayin danshi daga cikin sura a cikinsu ya kai mita, wanda ke nuna adadin dabbobin da tsawon lokacin zama a wannan wuri.
Inda babu mafaka ta zahiri, an sanya waɗannan dabbobin a jikin bishiyoyi, suna ɓoye tsakanin rassan. A wasu lokuta sukan mamaye ramuka masu wuya, suna iya gina wa kansu mafaka daga manyan ganyayyaki, ɓarnatar da gora, har ma suna zama tsakanin thea fruitsan tsirrai. Babban bukatun gidansu, inda jaka take barci kullun, shine aminci da rashin hasken rana kai tsaye.
Wadannan dabbobin ba sa tsoron mutane, don haka an sanya su cikin natsuwa a cikin shingen gidaje, garkuna, da kuma dakuna don dabbobi.
Rayuwar jemagu
Jemagu galibi suna rayuwa ne a yankuna, wanda za'a iya samun dubun dubatan mutane. Wasu nau'ikan yayin rana suna hutawa a tara, wasu sun gwammace su rataye a cikin keɓewa mai kyau.
Rayuwa tare ba ya sa waɗannan dabbobin suyi garken, saboda ba su haifar da wani aikin haɗin gwiwa: suna farauta ne kaɗai.
Jemagu da dangi basa halitta. Idan aka haɗu kawai a lokacin ma'aurata, nan da nan sai su manta da juna.
A cikin yankuna inda akwai yanayin sanyi, dabbobi na iya yin hibernate, wanda zai iya zuwa watanni 8. A wannan lokaci, jemagu suna nannade a fuka-fukan su, a haɗe suke a wasu wuraren da ba kowa a ciki kuma suna bacci ba tare da sun ci abinci ba.
Wasu nau'ikan suna da ikon ƙaura yanayi. Da farkon yanayin sanyi, suna tashi zuwa yankuna masu daɗi. Wasu lokuta a wannan lokacin jemagu suna shawo kan nesa zuwa kilomita 1000.
Idan yanayin yanayi ya ƙyale, dabbobi suna kasancewa cikin aiki shekara-shekara.
Guba nawa ke rayuwa?
Tambaya mai ban sha'awa ta kasance: shekaru nawa ne jemagu suka rayu a yanayin? Matsakaicin rayuwar shekaru 5. Yawancin jemagu suna rayuwa ya dogara da nau'in halittu. A cikin waɗannan dabbobi akwai kuma ɗaruruwan mutane, waɗanda shekarunsu zasu iya kaiwa shekaru 20.
Batura a gida yawanci tana zama ƙasa da lokacin da yanayi ta bashi, tunda ba shi da ikon yin aiki cikakke.
Ta yaya jemagu ke yin gwaiwa?
Sake yin saututtuka suna da halaye nasa. Wasu nau'ikan da ke rayuwa a cikin wurare masu dumin yanayi suna haihuwar saniya sau biyu a shekara. Zamanin da zai dace da su bai dace da su ba. Hanyar rayuwar jemage baya bamu daman tunanin daidai yadda tsarin aikin maza ke gudana.
Wadancan dabbobin da suke rayuwa cikin yanayi mai tsauri suna kawo offspringa onlyan sau ɗaya. Yawancin lokaci dabbar ta hanyar canjin yanayi tana faruwa ne a cikin kaka, har zuwa lokacin da dabbobin zasu shiga hibernation. Amma maniyyin da ya shiga jikin mace ba ya yin kwai da nan da nan ba, amma yana iya kasancewa cikin wani ajiyar wuri har lokacin farkawa.
Bayan rashin himma, ciki ya shiga, tsawon lokacin da ya dogara da nau'in kuma yanayin zafin jiki: a ƙananan yanayin zafi, jariri ya girma mafi tsawo.
Yawanci, mace tana haihuwar guda ɗaya, ƙasa da biyu ko uku. Lokacin haihuwa, linzamin kwamfuta juya sama. An haifi jariri a gaba tare da ƙafafunsa, wanda ba kasafai yake cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa ba, kuma nan da nan ya fada cikin jakar wutsiya, inda yakan yi mako guda. Bayan yaran, suna ɓoye a cikin mafaka kuma suna ciyar da madara. Wannan damar jemagu ne ya warware tattaunawar: jemage dabba ce ko a'a, don fifita su azaman dabbobi masu shayarwa.
A cikin mako na farko, mace ta dauki danta tare da ita a cikin farauta na dare. Ya rike mahaifiyarsa a lokacin jirgin. Amma bayan ɗan lokaci sai ta tilas ta bar shi a rufe, saboda jaririn ya yi nauyi, kuma ba zai yiwu ku tashi tare da shi na dogon lokaci ba.
A cikin sati daya, wani lokacin ma har biyu, yaran basu zama masu taimako ba, kuma bayan wata daya ne suka fara farauta da kansu kusa da matsugunin su, basuyi nisa da hakan ba.
Menene jemage yake ci da farauta a daji?
Kusan dukkan jemagu suna tashi don farauta da yamma ko bayan faɗuwar rana. Abinda sukeyi shine hangen nesa yafi muni fiye da ji. Yawancin jemagu suna ciyar da kwari. Suna jin motsin su kuma suna ɗaukar ganima a kan jirgin sama ko kuma su sami tsakanin ciyayi.
Akwai dabbobin da ke jin daɗin furannin furanni da furanni da ofa ofan itatuwa masu kyau.
Wasu manyan nau'ikan suna cinyewa ta tsinkaye tare da manyan kwari.
Tsakanin kuliyoyi akwai jaka, wanda ya haɗa da kwaɗi da ƙananan kifi, ban da kwari. Dabbobin sun yi birgima sama da ruwan kuma suna tantance inda yuwuwar ganima ta zube.
Amma jini guda uku ne kawai, kuma suna zaune a Kudanci da Tsakiyar Amurka. Sukan tashi don farauta da dare, su nemo dabbobi, su yi cizo da jini.
Abokan bunƙasa
Jemagu ba su da makiya da yawa a yanayi, kodayake dabbobi ƙanana ne. Wannan mai yiwuwa ne saboda gaskiyar rayuwar ba ta barinsu su yi cudanya da yanayi tare da dabbobi da yawa waɗanda suke aiki yayin rana. Sukan kama mafakarsu da kyau ko kuma suna zaune a manyan yankuna, inda zai iya zama abin ban tsoro ya shiga dabbobi da tsuntsaye da yawa.
Amma tsuntsaye masu farauta da daddare (owls da owls) galibi suna yin karo da jemagu, kodayake yana da matukar wuya a farauto su: yanayin haɓakawa yana ba ku damar lura da haɗarin kuma ku riƙa samun kuɗaɗen lemo da beaks.
A wa ɗ annan lamuran, inda macizai bishiyoyi da yawa suke zama, jemagu, suna ɓoye cikin rassan, ba su da daɗi. Yayin rana, dabbobin, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna bacci a mafaka kuma ba hanya koyaushe zasu iya amsawa ga abokan gaba da ke gabatowa. Kuma ba za su iya kusan tashi a cikin hasken rana ba, saboda haka sun zama waɗanda ke fama da waɗannan macizai waɗanda ke iya cin ƙananan jemagu.
Batsuna, musamman ƙananan mutane da ire-irensu galibi suna faɗowa cikin kwarararwar gizo-gizo. Ba za su iya ganin yanar gizo da aka shimfiɗa ba cikin duhu, a wannan yanayin echolocation ba koyaushe yana taimaka ba. Amma yana yiwuwa a ji cizon kwari a yanar gizo. Wani lokaci manyan gizo-gizo, waɗanda ke ciyar da ƙaramin dabbobi, ba sa kashe takamaiman-kwari don su kama wanda ya fi girma - aya.
Jemusu sukan zama abincin manyan mafarauta - weasels, trochees da martens, waɗanda sukan haɗu da dabbobi masu bacci kuma suke kashe su.
Amma babban abokin gaba shine mutum. Wasu lokuta mutane kan lalata mazaunan jemagu kawai saboda sun yi kuskuren ɗaukar su da haɗari. Kodayake dabbobin suna kawo fa'idodi masu yawa, suna lalata kwari da ke ɗauke da kamuwa da cuta.
Yana faruwa ne cewa mutum bashi da burin sa ya kashe jemagu. Wasu takin zamani ko magungunan kashe kwari suna asarar dabbobi masu tashi.
Menene fa'idodin kuliyoyi?
A dabi'a, jemagu suna yin nagarta sosai fiye da lahani. Akwai 'yan kaxan daga jini-jini, saboda haka ba shi yiwuwa a faɗi cewa jemagu ne ke ɗauke da cututtuka.
Amma suna lalata kwari, waɗanda, suke tashi daga dabba ɗaya zuwa wata, suna samun damar yada cututtuka. A lokacin damuna, dabbobi suna ci da saƙar sauro, kwari da buɗaɗɗen fata, yawancinsu, alal misali, a cikin ƙasashe masu zafi, da gaske suna fama da cututtukan da ke mutuwa.
Suna kare lambunan jemagu da ƙasar noma daga kwari da za su iya lalata amfanin gona ko cutar da bishiyoyi da tsirrai.
Ta hanyar tashi daga tsiro zuwa shuka, suna taimakawa wajen fitar da su.
Tsuntsayen jemagu shine ingantaccen taki. A cikin wasu kogo, inda mazaunan dabbobi ke rayuwa, har zuwa mitir na natsuwa zai iya tarawa.
Ana amfani da enzymes na yau da kullun a magani.
Baton gida
Kwanan nan, mutane suna ƙara canzawa zuwa dabbobi ba wai kawai karnuka da kuliyoyi ba, har ma da wasu dabbobi masu tsada, a cikinsu akwai batir. A gida, waɗannan dabbobin suna da tushe, amma ba sa jin daɗi kamar yanayin yanayi. Idan har yanzu kuna son adana batir a gida, to sai kuyi kokarin tabbatar da rayuwarta kusa da dabi'un wuri.
Da farko dai, ku tuna cewa jemagu ba su da rana. Idan kuna shirin lura da ita yayin rana, to lallai za ku yi sha'awar dabbar da take bacci. Amma da daddare dabbobinku za su so su tashi, wanda zai iya haifar da matsala da yawa.
Gidan dabbobi
Duk da girman girmanta, batirin a gida yana buƙatar babban iska mai rarrafe, inda dabbar za ta iya tashiwa. Wajibi ne a ba da gidan da rassa, mafaka, domin dabbar ta sami damar ɓoye yayin hutawa ta ranar.
Muhimmin ayyukan jemagu ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki na yanayi, saboda haka, a cikin ɗakin da dabbobin gidan ke zaune, yakamata a sami kusan digiri 30, wanda ya isa ya zauna cikin jin daɗin mutum.
Karamin tsuntsu bashi da dacewa koda yaushe don kiyaye jemagu, tunda nisan dake tsakanin sandunan ya isa haka idan dare ɗaya mai kyau zaku iya gano cewa dabbar tana saman kawunan ku kuma tana jin daɗin cin kwari.
Yaya za a ciyar da jaka a gida?
A cikin yanayin halitta, yawancin jemagu sun fi son kwari, waɗanda su da kansu suke kamar yadda ya dace, suna yin zirga-zirgar dare. Af, kuma a gida ya kamata a ciyar da su da yamma, sau ɗaya a rana.
Batir a gida bashi da ikon ciyar da kansa, don haka abincin abincin dabbobi yakamata ya kasance kusa da na halitta kamar yadda zai yiwu. Amma wannan ba ya nufin kwata-kwata cewa masu gidan dabbobin da baƙon dabbobi ya kamata su kama sauro duk maraice kuma su kawo wa diyansu a banki. Me ya kamata a ciyar da karamin ɗan jaki, idan tana zaune a gida?
Raunin da ya dace ya dace da jemagu:
- gari tsutsotsi, pupae na kwari, gherkins na manya, ƙwai kwai ƙwai, zuma na ainihi, madarar dabara don ciyar da yara har zuwa wata daya.
Ciyar da dabbobi ba mai sauki bane: zaka iya ƙara gwaiduwa, ɗan zuma kaɗan da Vitamin E a cakuda madara .. Kana buƙatar ɗaukar dabbar ka ba shi cakuda ta bututun. Tsayawa sauran cakuda a cikin firiji ba da shawarar ba.
Yawancin kwari da ake ci ana ajiye su a cikin kwalba, amma na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Jikan kwafin hannu zai yarda da abinci, amma ba abu bane mai sauki ka horar da ita ta ci daga hannayenta. Zai yiwu cewa da farko ta ƙi abinci.
Sanin abin da jemagu ke ci a zahiri a gida, ku tuna cewa dabbobi za su iya cin rabin abinsu a lokaci guda, wanda ba ƙaramin aiki zai iya zama haɗari ga lafiyarsu ba. Kada ku shawo kansu.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da jemagu
- An tabbatar da ra'ayin cewa jemagu kwari ne da suka tashi zuwa farauta da daddare kuma suna shan jinin wadanda abin ya shafa. Wannan hukuncin yana kara girman ra'ayin dabba, amma ba dalili ba. A kusan babu lambobin da jemage ke kaiwa mutane hari, amma a Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka akwai wasu nau'ikan da suka haɗu da manyan dabbobi waɗanda ba sa iya juriya, kuma suna shan jininsu. Duk da abin da dabbobi ke ci a daji da kuma a gida, babu mai kitse a tsakanin su. Wannan duk game da metabolism mai kyau. Zasu iya narke duk abincin da suke ci a cikin rabin sa'a, kodayake a lokacin farauta wasu nau'ikan zasu iya kamawa har su ci kwari har kusan sittin. Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa enzyme da ke cikin jemage na yau da kullun na iya taimakawa mutanen da ke fama da cututtukan zuciya. Sau ɗaya cikin jinin mutum, wannan enzyme yana hana hare-hare, kuma tare da tsawaita amfani da zuciya gaba daya yana warkar da zuciya. A halin yanzu ana ci gaba da bincike mai zurfi a wannan yanki. Tunawa da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da jemagu, da yawa zasu lura da ikon yin bacci. Babu wani daga cikin wakilan masarautar dabba da ta huta kamar wancan. Gaskiyar ita ce wannan matsayin yana ba jemagu damar shakatawa da kwantar da tsokoki da ke cikin jirgin. Hakanan tanada tanadin makamashi yayin cirewa: dabba kawai sai ta bar abin da take rikewa, ya fadi kasa ya tafi a fusace. Bsasan ƙananan ƙafafun ba su dace da gudu da turawa ba. An gano abu mai ban mamaki: a tsibirin Borneo, akwai tsire-tsire mai kayan dabbobi wanda ke jawo jemagu tare da sautuka na musamman. Amma ba ya cinye su kwata-kwata, amma ya tanadi maganganunsa a matsayin mafaka. Saboda haka, jemagu suna barin farjinsu, wanda shuka tayi matukar bukata, ga mai masaukin baki. Irin wannan symbiosis a cikin yanayi na musamman ne.
Zai yi wuya a yi tunanin, amma a wasu ƙasashe ana yin magunguna daga jemagu. Don haka, a Indiya, kayan kwakwa, man kwakwa, mai narkewa da jini na waɗannan dabbobin an haɗu kuma an sayar da su azaman magani don maganin radiculitis da amosanin gabbai, likitocin China sun sami naman nama mafi kyawun hanyar inganta hangen nesa. A cikin Kambodiya, maganin shafawa dangane da kitse mai kitse yana magance sanyi. Duk yadda zaku iya tuna cewa mayya da yawa da aka ambata a cikin tatsuniyoyin labarin ba dole bane sun haɗa da jemagu.