Umarni: Yanda (Rubutun Murja)
Suborder: Perch
Iyali: Cichlidae
Suna zaune a tafkin. Malawi, ana gudanar da shi a cikin tsaunin dutse.
Jikin yana da elongated, a matsakaici flattened a gefe. Bakin ya zama m da bakin lebe. Finfin dorsal yana da tsawo.
Maza suna da matukar m ga juna, yanki. Lokacin adana yawancin fan maza, fadace-fadace ya tashi a cikin akwatin kifayen sarari tare da rashin mafaka - tare da sakamako mai ƙisa. Za a iya sa a cikin babban akwatin kifaye tare da wasu manyan tafkuna. Malawi (zai fi dacewa namiji 1 tare da mata dayawa). Ilasa - yashi, duwatsun da ke kwaikwayon wuri mai dutse, adadi mai yawa da kogon dutse. Plantswararrun tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da gajerar ƙasa, ferns akan duwatsu.
Ruwa: 24 - 28 ° C, dH 8 - 20 °, pH 7.2-8.5, canjin mako.
Ciyarwa: kayan lambu (60%), m, madadin.
Sautsi na ƙaho kawai lokacin lokacin ɓarna, wanda zai iya kasancewa a cikin babban akwatin kifaye. I. Petrovitsky (12) ya ba da shawarar saka daɗen yumbu ko filastik a cikin akwatin gidan ruwa na gama gari. Bayan tsallakewa, canja wurin bututu tare da matar da aka ɓoye a ciki zuwa cikin incubator. Mace ta tsinkaye qwai (har guda 80.) A cikin mafaka ko kan dutse, sannan sai a sanya mata bakin a bakin ta.
Kada ku ciyar ko lalata da mace. in ba haka ba zai iya cin caviar. (Mace na iya cire caviar daga bakinta kuma ta canza zuwa incubator). Lokacin shiryawa shine kwanaki 17 - 26.
Abincin farawa: rotifers, nauplii cyclops da brine shrimp.
Balagagge a 10 - 12 watanni.
Iri melanochromis yana hade.
Zinari melanochromis. Ganyen zinare: adana kifi da kiwo.
Hoto: Melanochromis auratus
Hoto: Melanochromis auratus
Girma har zuwa 11 cm.
Yana zaune a cikin tafkin Malawi, Afirka ta Kudu.
A cikin namiji, ƙananan jikin baki ne, cikin mace, launin rawaya ne.
Ana adana kifi a cikin manyan ruwaye tare da kayan wuta da wuraren ajiya da yawa. Maza suna da halin faɗaɗa, musamman ga takwarorinsu, saboda haka yana da kyau a kiyaye mace ɗaya da mace a cikin akwatin kifaye. Duk da haka unguwa tare da auratus adadi mai yawa na wasu nau'ikan kifaye suna rage zafin sa. Kamar kowane wakilan Afrika na cichlids, takurawa Kada ku yi haƙuri permutations a cikin akwatin kifaye. Yawanci, gabatarwar ko cire murfin yana ƙare da faɗa. Kifi na cin kowane abinci mai rai da bushe, amma babban sashi a cikin abincin shi ne abincin shuka.
Ruwa don adanawa da kiwo: dH sama da 10 °, pH sama da 7.0, t 22-26 ° C. M tace ruwa.
Bred sauraranci a cikin wannan akwatin kifaye inda aka sa su. Matar ta tattara kwai da kwai a bakin ta. A wannan lokacin, yana da sauƙi a rarrabe ta saggy goiter. Mace yawanci yakan ɓoye a cikin mafaka, wanda dole ne a canza shi zuwa maharƙinta. A lokacin shiryawa qwai, wanda ya wuce kwanaki 22 zuwa 26, ba a ciyar da mace abinci ba. Tana sakin soyayyen mai.
Abincin farawa - Artemia da ƙananan cyclops.
Sake buguwa da bayyanar
Wannan nau'in melanochromis shine mafi yawan lokuta ana bred a cikin gida da kuma nau'in aquariums a wurare na jama'a. Dalilin shi ne mai arziki, launi mai haske da unpretentiousness. Wani lokaci zaku iya ɗaukar zargin cewa waɗannan cichlids suna da kwanciyar hankali, wanda kuma ƙari ne a cikin yardarsu. Zasu iya ma zama cikin cikin akwatin ruwa na gama gari, kamar yadda aka toya a cikin bakin mata (sabanin ƙanshi, wanda namiji ke ɗaukar soya a bakin). Makonni uku bayan haka, yaran suna shirye su zauna su ci abinci da kansu, suna ɓoye a cikin tsiran tsirrai da tsakanin kayan ado na akwatin kifaye.
Melanochromis auratus yana da halayyar bayyanar da yawancin cichlids:
- siriri jiki elongated jiki dan kadan matsa daga tarnaƙi,
- babban kai tare da m bakin tare da lokacin farin ciki lebe,
- elongated dorsal fin siffar
Tsawon maza ya kai santimita 11, mata sun kasance ƙasa kaɗan - har zuwa santimita 9-10.
Launi na maza da mata
Maza manya da mata sun bambanta sosai da launi. Gilachchis na gwal na yara yana da launin rawaya mai launin shuɗi, a kowane ɓangaren akwai akwai rariyoyi biyu masu baƙar fata, na ukun kuma yana kan fin din bayan. Striarshen ramin yana farawa daga ido kuma yana shimfidawa zuwa tsakiyar fin caudal.
A lokacin balaga (watanni 6-9), launin da maza suke canzawa: farawar ganye, kuma suna yin duhu. Adultarshen launi na ƙarshe na maza yana ɗaukar siffar yana da shekara ɗaya:
- ciki da gangar jikin su zama duhu,
- a kowane gefen akwai bangarori biyu na haske mai launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi, yana buɗewa daga ido zuwa farkon farawar farin caudal.
Mace ta jima'i ta balaga tana riƙe da launin shuɗi da ratsin baƙi, kamar yadda ya kasance tare da su tun suna saurayi. A cikin mata, gashin wutsiya a cikin sashin layi babba an yi wa ado kyalle mai launi iri a kan farin farar ƙasa, ƙananan sashinta kuma rawaya. Wataƙila, sunan cichlid melanochromis zinari yana da alaƙa da launi na mata. Saboda haka, akwai wani suna don wannan nau'in - can murfin zinare na Malawi.
Launin maza da na mata daidai ne:
- babban launi jikin mace duhu ne, na mace zinari ne,
- ratsi a gefen bangarorin maza masu haske ne, kuma a cikin mace - duhu (launin ruwan kasa ko baƙi),
Idan ka yanke shawarar dasa gungun maza da mata da yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye guda, zaɓi akwatin kifin tare da ƙara 100 - 200 lita (ba ƙasa ba). Melanochromis auratus kifi ne mai ƙasa sosai. Maza suna kare karfin “mazaunin rayuwarsu”. Ku kasance cikin shiri cewa sakamakon doguwar faɗa tsakanin maza, ɗayansu zai rage. Abin da ya fi kyau ka sayi namiji daya da mace daya (2-4).
An nuna fasalin mai ban sha'awa ta hanyar ƙirar zinari., idan kun shuka mace kawai. Dayansu zai sami launin namiji, amma jima'i ba zai canza ba, zai kasance mace ce.
Lokacin adana biyu na Auratus, akwatin kifaye na iya zama lita 60 a cikin girma. Idan kuna da akwatin kifaye masu fili, to, za'a iya kiyaye wannan nau'in tare da irin nau'in cichlids daga Tanganyika da Malawi. Tabbatar sanya isasshen tsari a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Melanochromis auratus galibi masu cin ganyayyaki ne, amma kuma suna cin abincin dabbobi. Yana da mahimmanci kada a basu abinci mai yawan adadin kuzari. Yawancin abincin dabbobi zai iya haifar da tashin zuciya, musamman a cikin kifi fiye da shekara guda.
Abincin da aka ba da shawarar Auratus:
- busassun abinci tare da spirulina,
- dan kadan dafa kayan lambu
- ganyen nettle, Dandelion da letas scorded ta ruwan zãfi,
- Tetra da Sera suna ba da abinci na musamman don tsirrai,
- adadi kaɗan na dabbobi masu daskarewa abinci: zubar jini, tubule, cyclops.
Wadannan cichlids sune manyan masu son tsire-tsire na akwatin kifaye tare da ganye mai laushi.