Ciyawar kaji ana kiran babban takalmin. Masana kimiyya sun gano nau'ikan kaji guda 10. Wannan tsuntsu yana zaune a Ostiraliya, inda zaku iya haɗuwa da tarin tarkuna waɗanda ke da nisan mitoci zuwa 15 mita da tsawo na mita 6. Wadannan suna kasancewa a cikin ciki wanda ake adana kwalen kaza a ciki. Wannan tsuntsu ne ya kera irin wannan babban “gidauni”.
Ciyawa na ciyawa dan kadan ne - kusan girman dan goge ne. Tsuntsu yana da ƙafafu masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi tare da shi wanda ya haƙa ƙasa. Tsuntsu kusan bai taɓa tashiwa ba, ko da yake akwai haɗari zai iya tashi wata itaciya.
Ciyawar kaji ne na musamman a cikin wannan shine tsuntsu wanda baya gina gida kuma baya ƙyanƙyashe ƙwai. Kajin kaji na maza na tono ramuka har zuwa zurfin mita ɗaya zurfin sama da mita 2.5, suna zuba manyan tarin datti akan su wanda mace zata sanya ƙwai. Sha datti ya fara lalacewa. A wannan yanayin, ana fitar da isasshen zafi a cikin tarin don haka kajin ɗin ya tsere daga ƙwai.
Abin sha'awa shine, kaji na ciyawa na iya sarrafa yawan zafin jiki a cikin tsiro ta hanyar sanya datti a ciki don kara yawan zafin jiki, ko kuma ta wani bangare na datti don rage zafin jiki. Namiji yakan tantance yawan zafin jiki a cikin tsika, yana tsinkayar baki a ciki.
Lokacin gina incubator yana farawa a watan Afrilu kuma ya ƙare ne kawai a watan Agusta, lokacin da ya fara ruwan sama kuma tarkace ya fara juyawa, yana haifar da zafi. A wannan lokacin, mata suna sa ƙwayayensu. Mace na sa ƙwai da yawa kowane mako. A cikin duka, akwai kimanin ƙwai 30 a cikin kama, wanda bayan kwanaki 60 kaji suka bayyana. Kayan kaji an zabi kansu daban-daban daga tarin sharar kuma sun sami damar rayuwa mai zaman kanta.
Su wanene ciyawar kaji?
Ciyawar kaji, ko Bigfoots, nau'ikan daban ne wanda, duk da cewa mallakar kaji ne, bashi da alaƙa da kwancen gargajiya. Tsuntsu kaji - mazauna Australia da tsibirin Pacific. Suna da kyakkyawar bayyanar, sabili da haka ana yawan siyar da su a cikin ɗarikar tasu ta hanyar masoya masu ƙauna.
Tsuntsayen suna da jikin mutum ko ƙyalli, tsokoki kuma basu da girma sosai, ya danganta da iri-iri. Bigfoot na iya yin awo daga gram 700 zuwa 2.5 kilogiram, kuma, ya dogara da nau'ikan. Kayan ciyawa masu kauri suna da dimbin yawa, launi mai duhu, tsirara da daddaɗi mai wuya, tare da kyakkyawan “abun wuya” - goiter.
Tsuntsayen suna da iko da baki ko duhu baki mai launin toka, mai bayyana idanuwa mai launin toka, kuma saman kai kawai an rufe shi da wasu irin bakin da ke da wuya - wataƙila yanayin ya kula da cewa basu sha zafi ba. Tsarin tsuntsayen baƙar fata ne, a wuraren akwai gashin fuka-fukai masu launin shuɗi, da yawa da yawa. Babban "alama" - wutsiya mai ban sha'awa, kamar fan.
Matriarchy a cikin daji
Mafi yawancin nau'ikan halittu masu rai a duniyarmu ana rarrabe su da gaskiyar cewa mace tana da alhakin zuriya. Kuma ana amfani da mutane ga gaskiyar cewa kula da yara yawanci aikin mata ne.
Muna zaune a wani ɓangare a cikin al'ummomin sarki, inda matsayin ƙarfi, mafi rinjaye, an danganta shi ga wakilan maza. Amma, matan babban-kafafu basa tunanin haka. Suna da nasu ra'ayoyi game da uwa da rayuwar iyali.
Waɗannan uwaye mata masu saurin warwaƙa a duk faɗin duniya, saboda ciyawar daji a yanzu a matakin ci gaba tayi na barin jariran su kula da “uba”, kuma suna rayuwa ne don son kansu.
Kiwo
Bari muyi cikakken bayani game da yanayin ciyawar kaji. Ga irin yadda tsintsiya madaidaiciya kaza ba masonry da shiryawa kawai ba, har ma da kula da yaran.
- Yarinyar Bolshenog tana rusa wannan salon, saboda duk aikinta na haihuwa an rage zuwa abu daya ne kawai - kawai tana bukatar kwanciya qwai, kuma namiji dole ne ya kula da komai.
- Namiji, duk da haka, ya fara shiri don bayyanar “magada” nan gaba kafin budurwarsa ta yanke shawarar kwan ƙwanƙyashe. Mahaifin dangin yana tonon ganyayyaki da suka fadi cikin manya-manyan tsibin, suna samar da makarancin jarirai a nan gaba ga jariran sa.
Bayan ayyukan lalacewar suka fara a cikin incubator, mace ta shigo cikin aikinta - tana sanya kwai a cikin wannan tsiron, a wani nesa, kuma ta yi fama da aikinta kawai, ta bar al’amuranta na tsuntsu, ta bar mahaifin da ke gaba don daukar bakuncin.
Namiji, bi da bi, ba ya fita daga cikin incubator, yana rufe da hankali a cikin kumatun tare da ganyen ganye. Idan zazzabi ta sauka, mahaifin da ya zana ya kara ganye, amma idan ya yi zafi sosai - ya yi akasin haka, sai ya yi karo da kadan.
Mahaifiyar mara zuciya
Koda bayan bayyanan kajin, mahaifiyar da ba ta da tausayi ba za ta yi la’akari da ba ’ya’yanta aƙalla kaɗan da ɗanɗano ba - duk irin kulawar da suke yi na kula da su sun faɗi a kafaɗa da zakara. Da farko, kajin ba cikin hanzari ba don fita daga tarin asirinsu, amma bayan sa'o'i 10-12, sun fita, sakamakon jin yunwar.
Tun daga ranar farko zasu iya tafiya har ma suka sami nasu abincin, bayan wannan sai su koma wurin mahaifin da yake jiransu kusa da gida, wanda yake binne su da daren. Zakara ya zama mai saurin lura da magada har sai sun sami ƙarfi kuma ba za su iya kula da kansu ba.
Menene uwaye suke yi duk wannan lokacin? Tana cikin binciken abinci, nishaɗi, nishaɗar jirgin sama, kuma tana yin duk wannan ba tare da ƙaramar nadama ba, saboda ƙananan tana ƙarƙashin kariyar amintacciya.
Manyan tsuntsaye da kansu sukan fada ganima ga mafarauta. Akwai mutane da yawa waɗanda suke son jin dadin gawawwakin masu ƙoshin nama tare da ƙanshi mai daɗi, nama mai daɗi, waɗannan kuma ba mutane ba ne kawai. Amma, saboda karfin sa, tsuntsun yakan mika kansa ga mafarauci ko maharbi, kuma kusan ba tare da juriya ba.
A gidajen cin abinci na Ostireliya, ana ba da abincin dafaffen nama kamar abinci na ƙasa!
Amma, duk da gaskiyar cewa tsuntsaye masu saurin fahimta suna da sauƙin kamawa, ba a ɗauke su da sauri ba - a yau ba muna magana ne game da ɓacewar wannan nau'in kaji na ciyawa ba, amma akasin haka ne. Masana ilimin dabbobi sun lura da karuwa a cikin yawan Bigfoot, kuma duk wannan godiya ga maza masu kulawa waɗanda ke kula da abubuwan da suka shafi mahaifinsu da kulawa tare da zuriyarsu!
Ta haka ne Yanayin Uwa ya nuna mana cewa gaba ɗaya hanyar rayuwar iyali tana da 'yancin zama, idan kowa ya gamsu kuma babu wanda ya wahala!
Raba abu mai kayatarwa tare da abokanka da kuma mutane masu irin wannan tunanin. Kuma idan kun riƙe kajin gida , sannan ta kowane bangare biyan kuɗi zuwa abubuwan da muke sabuntawa don zama farkon wanda yasan duk labarin kaza.
Fatan alheri da nasara gareku!
Bayanin
Komawa ga tsuntsayen matsakaici. Matsakaicin tsayin jiki na wakilan dangin nau'ikan ya bambanta daga 28 zuwa 70 cm, kuma nauyin jiki daga 500 zuwa 2450 g. Chunky, mai girman gini, tare da babban kai, maimakon manyan kafafu, galibi suna da tsawo, waɗannan tsuntsayen suna tafiya daidai a ƙasa - tafiya, gudu . Matsanancin matsanancin bukata ne kawai yake sa su cire. Wadannan tsuntsayen ƙasar ana san su da babban, ƙafafu masu ƙarfi tare da yatsun kafa masu ƙarfi da gajeru, gajerun yatsun ƙafa.
Bigfoots misali ne na haɗuwa da daidaitawar ƙwayar halittar jiki, tunda suna ɗaukar manyan ƙwai (har zuwa 10-15% na nauyin mata), maza suna da gabobin jijiyoyin da ke ba su damar sanin zazzabi a cikin ɗakunan. Suna da hadadden yanayin yanayin haihuwar, haɗe, musamman, tare da ginin da kiyaye yawan zafin jiki a cikin incubator da halayen sassauci waɗanda ke ba da izinin tsuntsaye da sauri don canza canje-canje a cikin incubator.
Launi yana yawan zullumi. A kan kai wasu nau'in, ana lura da wuraren tsirarun fata. A cikin 4 na haɓaka, reshe yana da amfani maraƙi (yawan tashi da manyan gashin fuka-fukai daidai sun cakuɗe), a cikin 3 haɓaka yana daɗaɗɗa (akwai ƙarin gashin fuka-fuka da na sama). Tsarin gashin tsuntsaye 12-18.
Kayan ciyawa suna haifar da yanayin rayuwa a ƙasa, suna tashi kadan, suna rayuwa a yankin dazuka, yawancinsu launin ruwan kasa ne ko baƙi, akwai nau'ikan da ke da launin toka mai launin fari da fararen fata. Fly ba tare da so ba kuma kaɗan. Suna ƙoƙarin tserewa daga haɗari, suna ɓoye cikin manyan ɓoye. Ana amfani da tsire-tsire iri da abinci na dabbobi azaman ciyar da ƙasa.
Yaɗa
Megapods an fi samun wakilci sosai a yankin Australias, ciki har da tsibiran a yammacin Pacific, Australia, New Guinea da tsibirin Indonesia gabas da layin Wallace, kazalika da tsibirin Andaman da Nicobar a cikin Bay na Bengal. Hakanan ana rarraba babban dan kafa a cikin Tonga da Vanuatu, da Moluccas, Sulawesi, tsibirin Philippine, Samoa, da tarin tsibirin Bismarck.
Halin yanzu na dangi
Wasu nau'ikan babban iyali mai kafaɗar suna barazanar rugujewa, saboda mutane sun yi mummunan tasiri game da girman yawan mutane a wasu mazauna, alal misali, a kan Moluccas (Indonesia). Eggsan ƙanƙara manyan arean fari sun shahara sosai tsakanin mazaunan tsibirin a Papua New Guinea da Solomon Islands, saboda suna aiki a matsayin ɓangare na abinci da tushen samun kudin shiga. Yawan cin ciyawar sabo ya haifar da raguwar yawan tsuntsaye a wasu tsibirai na New Guinea. Colonan mulkin mallakar manyan kafafu sun ɓace gaba ɗaya akan wasu rukunin tsibiri a Oceania, kamar Fiji, Tonga, da New Caledonia.
Dangane da kimantawa da ka'idoji da yawa, wasu nau'ikan megapods an haɗa su a cikin littafin Red IUCN kuma suna cikin nau'in halittar da ke cikin haɗari ko haɗari. An jera nau'ikan hudu a cikin Red Book a matsayin jinsin masu haɗari waɗanda ke da haɗarin lalata a cikin daji a cikin lokacin matsakaici. Guda shida na megapods an haɗa su a cikin rukuni mai rauni. Ya kamata a sani cewa a yawancin jinsunan, waɗanda ake ɗaukar su mafi ƙarancin cutarwa, tunda ba su cikin kowane rukuni, ana lura da raguwar yawan jama'a.
Labari
Ana daukar Megapods azaman farkon rarrabuwa tsakanin tsuntsayen galliform, waɗanda magabatansu ke rayuwa a halin yanzu. Rikodin farkon burbushin halittu ba kasafai ba ne, amma koda ya dogara da waɗannan bayanan da ba a saba gani ba, masanan ilmin halitta suna ba da tarihin rarraba su a tsakiyar Ostiraliya zuwa Late Oligocene (shekaru miliyan 26-24 da suka gabata). Yawancin burbushin suna na Pleistocene. Yawancin nau'in tsibirin an lalata su saboda aikin dabbobi masu shayarwa, kuma jim kadan bayan mutane sun gano tsibirin. Tsuntsaye masu shayarwa sun zama mafi yawan lokuta wadanda aka cutar. Masana ilimin kimiyya kuma sun gano cewa akwai nau'ikan megapods masu yawa, wadanda suka bambanta sosai da nau'ikan zamani a Fiji kuma, wataƙila, a cikin New Caledonia. A Ostiraliya, a waccan lokacin, akwai wata katuwar megapod Progura gallinacea.
Mafi tsufa sanannun misalin megapod shine Late Oligocene (26 - 24 Ma) wanda aka samo a arewa maso gabas South Australia (Boles & Ivison 1999). An bayyana wannan da ɓangaren kashin kashin (kashi ƙafar). Masana ilimin kimiyya sun ɗauka cewa waɗannan sassan jikin babban dabba ne, amma daga baya ya juya ya zama ƙaramin tsuntsu (kamar babban dabbar kwiba), wanda aka danganta shi ga jinsin Latagallina naracoortensis.
Bolshenogov na farko da aka ambata a cikin ayyukansa, Antonio Pigafetta (1491-1534), wani ɗan Italiyanci masanin bincike da masanin kimiyya wanda ya shiga cikin balaguron-balaguro na duniya na Magellan. Na biyun shine likitan tiyata kuma masanin kimiyya John Latham (Latham 1821), wanda yayi aiki da samfurin tsuntsayen da bai san komai ba game da megapods mai rai. Barearancin wuyansa da bebe mai dan kadan daga cikin samfurin masanin kimiyya ya fuskance shi izuwa abinda ya kira tsuntsu New Holland Vulture. Dangane da ka'idodin bayanin kimiyanci, sunan daya gama gari bai isa ba don a karɓi sabon jinsin bisa hukuma, tunda ingantaccen sunan kimiyya ya zama tilas. Daga baya Leytem ya samar da sabon sunan gama gari - Alectura, amma bai sami lokaci ba don takamaiman bayanin nau'in halittar (Latham 1824). Masanin ilimin dabbobi na kasar Ingila Edward Gray a hukumance ya sanya sunan wannan nau'in a shekara ta 1831 (Grey, 1831) kuma ya fahimci ayyukan da Leitham ya gabata, yana mai suna tsuntsu da girmamawa: Alectura lathami.
Kwafin megapods na Australiya, Macrocephalon, an bayyana shi a cikin 1840 ta mashahurin masanin kimiyyar John Gould a cikin babban aikin Birds na Australia (Gould, 1840). Hanyar da ta samar da tushen sunan ya samu ta hannun mai tattara John Gilbert a Western Australia. Gidauniyar sun gaya wa Hilbert cewa waɗannan tsuntsayen ba sa kyankyasar ƙwai, amma suna yin manyan ganyayyaki, rassan da ciyawa don haifar kajin. Dangane da wannan bayanin, Gould ya baiwa tsuntsun sunan Leipoa, wanda ke nufin "tsuntsu ya bar qwai."
Su waye sako
Distinwararren fasalin ƙwayar ciyawa wata hanya ce da ba a saba ba don haihuwa - ba ƙyanƙyashe ƙwai ba. Bayan sun ki yarda su sanya jarirai, wakilan jinsunan sun saba da haihuwar ta hanyar sanya kwankwasiyya, wadanda suke kafa kansu.
A takaice bayyana wakilan wannan nau'in kamar haka:
- wajen jari
- da launi mai laushi,
- suna da ƙarfi da babban paws,
- wasu sassan kai ba su da ruri,
- da dogon wutsiya,
- Suna kama da turba a bayyane
- nauyi yana iya kaiwa daga 500 g zuwa 2 kilogiram.
Habitat mazaunin rayuwa da irin ciyawar kaza
Gasar yanayin babban takalmin tana cikin kudu ta kudu, kuma ta tashi daga tsibirin Nicabar zuwa Filipinas, tana motsawa zuwa Kudancin Ostiraliya, kuma ta ƙare a kudu maso gabashin Central Polynesia.
Ciyawar kaji, kafin balaga, ta jagoranci rayuwa ta kai tsaye a cikin dazuzzukan. Kuma mafi yawa ƙasa, kashe kawai idan akwai haɗari, ba babba kuma zuwa itaciya mafi kusa, daji, sau da yawa kawai gudu zuwa cikin dazuzzuka na bishiyoyi don ɓoye a cikin zurfin.
Kaji suna haɗuwa cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi yayin lokacin kiwo. Ya danganta da nau'in kaji da mazauninsu, ana sanya adadin lokaci daban don lokacin haifuwar.
Wannan tsari yana da tsayi kuma yana buƙatar ƙoƙari da yawa, a ɓangaren mace da na namiji. A cikin New Guinea da sauran tsibiran, inda masu fasa-kwauri ke da tsari mai sauƙi da ƙananan girma, ƙaddamar da kwan kwai yana ɗaukar watanni 2 zuwa 4.
Hoton kaza na Australiya
Manyan Kaji na Australiya, Ana gina shinge na katako - injinan manyan ɗamara, kuma lokacin masonry ya kai daga watanni 4 zuwa shida. Bayan an gama kwanciya a cikin wani wuri mai aminci, tsari na matashin kwai zai fara. Bayar da bambance-bambancen yanayin yanayin zafi da kuma zafin jiki na cikin incubator, don kajin su yi kyan gani lafiya, kuna buƙatar daga ranakun kalandar 50 zuwa 80.
Bayan wannan lokacin, ana haihuwar sababbi incubator sako kaji. Bayan da kayen ya bar gida-kore, an barshi ga na’urorin sa, kuma dole ne ya karanci kansa yadda zai sami abinci, tashi, ya buya daga abokan gaba da sauran dokokin rayuwa.
Dubi abin da "Gidan ciyawar hens" yake a cikin wasu ƙamus.
Iyalin Bigfoot, ko Ciyayi na Hoda (Megapodiidae) - chickensanyen kaji na daɗaɗɗun tsuntsaye ne, masu rarrabewa ba kawai daga sauran kaji ba, har ma da sauran tsuntsayen a cikin yanayin haifuwa. Ba su gina gida (a cikin ma'ana guda ɗaya), ba sa sanya kama kuma kada ku ciyar da kajin. Ko ta yaya ... Encyclopedia Biology
sako hens - (manyan kafafun gado), dangin tsuntsaye neg. kaji. Ya hada da nau'ikan 10 16 da ke zaune a Australia da kuma tsibiran da ke arewacin arewancin. Ba kamar sauran tsuntsaye ba, ba wai suna sanya abin birgewa ba, amma kajin an harzuka shi cikin “incubators”: suna tono a cikin ƙwai ... Halittu Encyclopedic Dictionary
Babban ƙafafun ƙafafun - sako kaji (Megapodiidae), dangin tsuntsaye na umarnin kaza. Kafafu suna kan gaba sosai (daga nan sunan). 7 samar, ciki har da nau'ikan 12. An rarraba shi daga Tsibirin Nicobar da Philippines zuwa Australiya da tsibirin Fiji. Qwai (manya-manyan) ba ... ... Babban Soviet Encyclopedia
BIG YARA - (sako hens), dan tsuntsaye neg. kaza. Kafafu suna kan gaba sosai. 12 nau'ikan, a Ostiraliya da tsibirin Pacific. An binne ƙwai a cikin yashi ko ramuka mai raɗaɗi ... Ilimin zahiri. Kundin sani
manyan ƙafafun ƙafafun - (ciyawa kaji), dangin tsuntsaye na umarnin kaji. Kafafu suna kan gaba sosai. Jinsuna 12 a Australia da tsibirin Pacific. An binne ƙwai a cikin yashi ko tsire-tsire masu jujjuya su. * * * ARARYA SHEKARA IYA YARA manyan yara (ciyawa, Megapodidae), dangi ...
BIG YARA - ciyawar kaji (Megapodiidae), dangin kaji. Don 25 65 cm 7. 7 genera, nau'ikan 12, a cikin Vost. Indonesia, Polynesia, Sabon. Guinea da Ostiraliya. Mazaunan tropic. gandun daji da daji. Qwai ba ƙyanƙyashe ba. Wasu, kamar kunkuru, suna tono ƙwayayensu a cikin ... ... Dictionaryagarar Littattafan Halittu
BIG YARA - (ciyawar kaji) dangin tsuntsaye na umarnin kaji. Kafafu suna kan gaba sosai. 12 nau'ikan, a Ostiraliya da tsibirin Pacific. An binne ƙwai a cikin yashi ko tsire-tsire masu jujjuya ... Babban cyclopan Fihiri Encyclopedic
Babban yatsa - Shrubby babban kafa ... Wikipedia
AURE. SAURARA - GASKIYAR SURFACE Australiya yanki ne mara nauyi a dunkule. Tun lokacin da aka aiwatar da ginin dutse a cikin fewan shekarun da suka gabata babu mai aiki kamar sauran nahiyoyin duniya, tuddai ya kafa yayin… Encyclopedia na Collier
AURE - 1) Tarayyar Ostiraliya, jiha. Sunan Ostiraliya (Ostiraliya) ta wurin wuri a babban yankin Australiya, inda sama da kashi 99% na ƙasar ta ke. Daga karni na 18 mallaki Birtaniya. A yanzu haka ita ce Tarayyar Ostireliya ... ... Geographic Encyclopedia
Kiwo da abinci mai gina jiki na kaza
Ciyawar kaji ta ci Abincin da aka samo musamman daga ƙasa - 'ya'yan itacen da aka lalace ta hanyar' ya'yan itaciya, waɗanda suka samo tare da ƙaƙƙarfan kafafu, rakeage ciyawa da ciyawa, ko watsewar lalatattun ruɓa
Bigfoots kuma suna cin kwari da sauran ƙananan kwari. Lokaci-lokaci mutum zai iya lura da yadda yake sako kaji ci Fresh 'ya'yan itatuwa kai tsaye daga rassan itace.
Naman kaza na ciyawa yana da dandano mai kyau, ƙwai kuma babba, mai gina jiki, mai wadatar gwaiduwa. Koyaya, mafarautan suna harbi tsuntsu da ƙima kaɗan. Mafi yawan lalacewar ana yin sa ne lokacin da aka lalata wuraren da keɓaɓɓun gado. Amma ba ɗayan ko ɗayan ba ke barazanar ƙimar babban adadin mutane, da lessarancin ɓacewar su daga jerin wakilan wakilcin Australia, misali.
Mazauna karkara basa ma'amala da bijirar da wadannan tsuntsayen dabbobin. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Sabis na yanayin South South Wales suna amfani da dabi'un su don yin tsinkaya.
Hoton mano kaji
Ubwararrakin ɗabi'a
Aikin mace na wannan nau'in an rage shi kawai zuwa masonry, namiji yana ɗaukar ragowar nauyin. Dukkanin tsari ya hada da wadannan matakai:
- Kafin fara sanya kayan ciki, namiji dole ne ya shirya incubator. Don yin wannan, sai ya tattara ganyayen da suka faɗo a cikin tarin kuma ya shimfiɗa shimfiɗar jariri a gaban jarirai a nan gaba.
- Bayan da ganye ya fara jujjuyawa, dole ne mace ta cika aikinta - tana sanya ƙwai.
- Bayan wannan, mace bar incubator, kuma namiji ya zauna kula da 'ya'yan nan gaba: yana tabbatar da cewa qwai ne ko da yaushe dumi, ƙara ganye ko sa ya firam lokacin da dumama.
Bigfoot, sako hens
Gidan sako yana da janareta da yawa. Ana bambanta shush hens (genus Megapodius) da gaskiyar cewa suna haɗuwa da gungun maza don ginin incubator, kuma sakamakon ayyukan su shine "hostel" har zuwa 10-11 m a diamita kuma har zuwa 5 m na tsawo.
Kayan Mollusk babba mai tsayi (Eulipoa wallacei) da kaji mai kamannin ido (Leipoa ocellata) tsuntsaye manya ne (har 1.5 kilogiram), suna jagorancin yanayin rayuwa. Karen ciyawar da aka tono yana zaune a cikin sare-sare a cikin bushewar arewacin da yammacin Ostiraliya. Rayuwarta shine mafi yawan nazari. Mazan wannan nau'in suna aiki tare da kera “tatsuniyoyin” allan kusancinsu a duk shekara. A lokacin bushewa, a watan Afrilu, zakara ya fitar da wani babban rami - a diamita ya kai 5 m, a zurfi - a matsakaici 0.5 m, kuma tsayin dutsen da ganye ake binne a cikin ramin ya kai 1.5 m. Kula da ubas tattara ganye kusan duk lokacin rani . A ƙarshen kaka, an fara ruwan sama, ganyayen ya jike kuma ya fara jujjuyawa. Sannan namiji yayi bacci yana jujjuya ganye tare da yashi mai kauri 30-40 cm ba tare da samun iska ba, juyawa yakeyi, zazzabi ya tashi da sauri. Amma a lokacin da ya kai 34 ° C (wani wuri a watan Agusta-Satumba) namiji zai kyale mace ta sanya kwai na farko a cikin ɗakin ɗakin na musamman a cikin tsakiyar tsibin. Gaba ɗaya, kaji yana yin ƙwai zuwa 25-30 - tare da tazara na kwanaki 4. Amma idan yanayin yayi sanyi, har ma ya yi muni - ruwan sama, namiji ba zai taɓa buɗe firayen ba kuma zai ma barin mahaifiyarsa zuwa cikin kwandon shara. Dole ne kawai a zubar da kwan da aka shimfiɗa a ƙasa, ta haka la'ane shi da mutuwa. Amma zakara na kwararowar nama ba ya kula da kwata-kwata. Babban damuwarsa shine qwai a cikin incubator. Kuma mace a cikin kwanaki 4 zai sake dawowa ya sake kwan kwan. Idan yanayin ya inganta, to, sai ku shiga ɗakin da yake a ciki.
Lokacin shiryawa shine watanni 2. Kayan kyanwa suna kyankyashewa daga cikin gidan earthen daban-daban kuma daban-daban tare da tazara tsakanin kwanaki 4-8. Uwar ba ta ma ganin kajin nata, kuma da alama mahaifin yana gani, saboda yakan kasance yana zagaye incubator a koyaushe, amma kawai bai kula da su ba. Tsarin yana da mahimmanci a gare shi.
Kayan kaji suna da wahala. Yana ɗaukar sa'o'i 2 zuwa 15 kafin su tono ƙasa ta ƙasan ƙafa ɗaya ta ƙasa. Kuma ba kowa ba ne zai iya yin irin wannan aikin - wasu kaji suna mutuwa ba tare da sun ga rana ba. Musamman ma marasa galihu ga waɗanda suka faɗo ƙanƙara a ranakun zafi, lokacin da zakara, don kare mashin daga matsanancin zafi, ya yayyafa kyakkyawan yashi a saman. Wadancan kajin wadanda suka sami zuwa sama, da sauri suka gudu suka ɓuya a cikin bushes mafi kusa. Har tsawon yini guda suna dawowa cikin hankalinsu da kwanciyar hankali, sannan suka fara rayuwa mai zaman kanta, kowannensu shi kaɗai. Menene abin da ya rage a yi da irin waɗannan iyayen? Chickarshe na ukun, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya bar baƙon da yake zaune a ƙasa a cikin watan Afrilu. Kuma sannan kaji mai ido-eyed, yana da ɗan hutawa, yana fara shiri don lokacin kiwo na gaba. Muna buƙatar gina sabon gida don sababbin ƙwai. Ga irin rayuwar da muke fama da ita.
Yayinda qwai ke cikin injin, zakara ya barta kwana daya. Yana zaune dama kusa da bunch, ya ci dama can, yana bacci dama akan rassan da aka rataye akan "gida". Ya farka da wuri kuma nan da nan ya fara aiki. Tana rakes kuma tana zuba yashi, gwargwadon yanayi da yawan zafin jiki a cikin tari, wanda yake bincika akai-akai tare da miyar sa. Matar mace ba ta ɗaukar nauyi tare da kula da 'ya'yan ba. Aikinta kawai shine sa ƙwai.
Kayan kaji shine daya daga cikin shahararrun nau'ikan kaji. Ya kasance tare da dangin m, abubuwan da ke tattare da tatsuniyoyi. Ana kiran kaji na mace koko, zakara ana kiran kaji. Ana daukar magadan kaji a cikin gida kaji ne na banker daji. Tsawon shekaru aru-aru na mulkin mallaka, mutane sun sami damar haifuwa da ire-ire daban daban.
Tsarin kaji, nau'in kaji.
A hukumance an yi wa rajista kusan nau'ikan kaji 200 na gida, amma a zahiri akwai ƙarin. An bambanta nau'ikan kaji iri iri ta hanyar tattalin arziki:
- Kayan kwai
- Kayan nama (manyan nau'ikan nama)
- Nama-cin hens,
- Yin gwagwarmaya da kaji (an kirkiro shi ne da hadaddun cizo)
- Hens na ado (suna da rushewa na musamman),
- Kayan kaji da aka yiwa kwalliya (ana yaba masu rera wadannan kaji).
baya ga abinda ke ciki ↑
Yin kyankyashe ƙwai da kaza.
Kajin cikin gida ya kai ga balaga har zuwa watanni 6, amma ba duk mata ne ke da ikon kiwon kaji ba. Kwancen ƙwai a cikin kaji yana farawa a cikin watan Janairu kuma zai ci gaba har zuwa farkon lokacin zurfin kaka (lokacin molting). Kajin ya zauna ya sanya qwai bayan ya saka qwai 20 - 50. Kayan nan suna kwantawa tsawon kwanaki 21, amma saboda yanayin yanayin kajin, suna iya bayyana a ranakun 20-23.
Don gwada iyawar kaza don kiwo, manoma suna amfani da “layin” - ƙwai na wucin gadi. Bayan kaji ya kwanta akan kwai da aka kwaikwaya kuma baya barin gida har tsawon kwana 1 zuwa 2, zaku iya sanya qwai na gaske a gindin ta. Yawan qwai a cikin kamawa ya dogara da girman tsuntsu kanta, yawanci 11 zuwa 15.
Gidajen kaji don su kasance daban ga kowane tsuntsu, don kada sauran kaji, dabbobi da mutane su dame shi. Yayin kyankyasar, kaji yakan tashi daga qwai sau da yawa don ci. Hens suna tsoron barin mazaunin su na dogon lokaci, don haka bowls tare da abinci da ruwan sha ya kamata ya kasance kusa da wurin shiryawa. An ciyar dasu da abinci na musamman wanda ya wadatar da microelements da bitamin. Uwa uwa tana kula da kaji har zuwa lokacin da zata dawo da kwai.
Kiwon kaji ya zama ruwan dare a yawancin kasashen duniya. Ana kiyaye nau'ikan kaji daban-daban a gonakin kaji da filayen kiwo don kwari da gashinsa, qwai, nama.
Yadda ake ciyar da kaji?
A cikin aikin gona da na ƙananan kaya, ana ciyar da kaji tare da albarkatun hatsi: alkama, hatsi, buckwheat, sha'ir, da sauransu An haɗa ganye da abincin dabbobi a cikin abincin hatsi. Don kula da narkewa na yau da kullun, tsuntsu yana buƙatar a ba shi yashi da alli na musamman ko kayan lemun tsami. Lokacin da wadatar kyauta take ga kajin, suna ciyar da kansu akan ciyawa, kwari, da tono tsutsotsi da tsutsa daga ƙasa.
A cikin hunturu, kaji yana buƙatar samar da kyakkyawan haske. Dole ne dakin kaza ya zama mai tsabta da dumi. A cikin hunturu, ana ciyar da hens tare da abinci da hatsi. Binging qwai da kodadde a cikin kaza suna nuna rashin bitamin a cikin abincin tsuntsu. Don dalilai na hanawa, bayan hunturu, an share dakin.
Chicken alama ce.
Duk da karin magana da maganganu masu yawa, inda kaji ke da alaƙa da tsuntsu mara hankali da makafi, alama ce ta ƙasashe da birane da yawa. Daga cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan tsuntsaye waɗanda aka nuna akan tsabar tsabar kudi, kaji yakan samu matsayi na farko - tsabar tsabar kudi na kasashe 16 an yi wa ado da kamanninta. Mashahurin zakara ya shahara tun shekaru 575 kafin zuwan Kristi, kamar yadda aka tabbatar da hotonta a wata tsohuwar amphora da aka samo a Corinthia.
Kare kajin
Bayan haihuwar kajin, mahaifiyarsu bata kula dasu kwata-kwata. Kulawa da zuriya shine aikin zakara. Sai bayan kyankyasar kwai, kaji ba su fita waje nan da nan, kuma bayan awanni 10 10-12 suka fara yunƙurin neman abinci. A ranar farko ta rayuwa, yaran sun riga sun tafi da kansu, suna samun abincin kansu, sannan kuma zasu sake dawowa gida, inda zakara ke jiransu. Yana taimakon hisa childrenansa su binne kansu cikin tarin kabari don daren na dare, kuma koyaushe yana zaune kusa da ita, yana kiyaye kajin har sai sun sami independentancin kai. A wannan lokacin, mahaifiyar ta ba da kanta ga nishaɗi, ta huta kuma ba ta damu da zuriyarta ba, saboda yana ƙarƙashin kariyar namiji.
Ciyawar kaji da yawa Bigfoots - uwaye marasa kulawa!
Barka dai masoya masu karatu da masu karatu! Akwai Bigfoots a Australia - kaji mai sakaci. Idan ka tambayi wani manomi mai kiwon kaji wanda incubator ya fi dacewa don kiwo, ba zai yi jinkirin ba da amsa ba - ba shakka, ɗan tsintsiya ne.
Duk mun saba da cewa a al'adance cewa kaji a dabi'ance kaji da haɓakar dabi'ar kamuwa da dumin zafin jikinsu da zafinsu, cire andaukanka kuma suna kula dasu. Amma, ba duka tsuntsaye ne ke iya wadatar da irin wannan alatu ba.
Bigfoots, ko ciyawa na ciyawa, suna da dabaru daban-daban game da yadda ake yin shirkin. Wannan wane irin tsuntsu ne wannan kuma menene sifofin haihuwar ta? Bari muyi la’akari.