Jirgin kamshi | |
Tsarin kimiyya | |
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Mulkin: | |
Sunan kimiyya na duniya | |
Jirgin kamshi, ko tinker (lat. Anguis fragilis) - lizani daga dangi mai kauri (lat. Anguidae) Wannan shine kawai ƙararren marasa lafiyan da basu iya rayuwa a yankin Saratov.
Bayanin
Babban lizard mai ƙoshin lebe tare da daskararren jiki, tare da duka tsawon 30-40 cm da wutsiya mai rauni. Giraren ido suna daban da na hannu. Dalibin yana da zagaye. Sikeli na jikin yana da santsi, ba tare da haƙarƙarinsa ba, wanda yake a cikin layuka 23-30 na tsaye. Jikin jikinsa a saman wasu kananan matasa masu launin fata-fari ko kodadde mai launi tare da ratsin duhu guda biyu da suka samo asali daga wani wuri mai hawa ko kadan wanda yake a bayan bangon. Gashi da ciki duhu ne mai launin ruwan kasa ko baƙi, kuma iyaka tsakanin haske da ƙarancin duhu na sassan jikin an bayyana shi sosai. Yayinda jijiya ke girma, ƙasan ƙasan jikin mutum a hankali tayi duhu har ta sami launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ko launin ruwan zaitun mai duhu mai ƙyalƙyalin tagulla. Boka da ciki, akasin haka, suna haskakawa. Maza manya yawanci sune monochrome, da shuɗi mai duhu ko duhu mai duhu akan bango, musamman da aka ambata a cikin bayan ta uku.
Dangane da bayanan zamani, jinsin yana wakiltar kungiyoyi biyu: A. f. kamal da A. f. colchicus. A cikin yankin na yankin Saratov subspepepe zaune A. f. colchicus.
Yaɗa
An bazu ko'ina cikin Kudancin, Tsakiyar da Gabashin Turai, Asiaan Asiya, Transcaucasia da Iran. A kan iyakar kasar Rasha, ana samunsa a cikin dazuzzukan daji da yankuna-gandun daji daga iyakar jihar a yamma zuwa rafin bangon hagu na Kogin Tobol a yammacin Siberia a gabas. Rarraba a cikin yankin Saratov yana da alaƙa da yanki mai zuwa da kuma dazuzzukan ruwan da ke gudana a kusan Bankin Dama na Saratov (ciki har da yankin Rtishchevsky).
Halaye da salon rayuwa
Yana zaune a cikin gandun daji gauraye da murɗewa, ya fi son maple oak gandun daji, gandun daji na Pine, canji, inda galibi ana samun sa a cikin share-share, share-share, shimfidar wurare da yawa. Thearfin birki shine kawai nau'in jinsi na yankin tare da ayyukan dare da maraice, yana jagorantar rayuwar rayuwa mai ɓoye. A lokacin rana, masu iya magana zasu iya yin tsari a cikin zuriyar dabbobi, a karkashin kututturen bishiyoyi, da tarin bishiyoyi, a cikin tururuwa, da makabantan kananan dabbobi, suna barin su kawai cikin hadari da yanayin dumin yanayi. Juyayinsu daga cikin shuɗi suna da hankali sosai, duk da haka, suna yin hanyarsu a tsakanin ciyayi ko tsakanin duwatsu, suna motsawa da sauri, suna kamawa kamar sashin jiki na jiki. Thewafin yakan yi ta yin kararrawa sau da yawa a cikin shekara, yana barin abu mai rarrafe kamar macizai. Wata saurin kamawa ba kamar sauran lizards na fauna na yankin ba, suna jefa wutsiyarsa, saboda haka takamaiman sunan sa - mai lanƙwasa.
A cikin bazara, sun bayyana a tsakiyar Afrilu - Mayu a cikin zafin jiki na + 12 ° C da sama. Lokacin damuna yana farawa ne jim kadan bayan dabbobi sun bar mafaka ta hunturu, yawanci a tsakiyar Mayu - Yuni. A lokacin dabbar ta hanyar canjin, namiji zai rike mace a saitin a wuya, sau da yawa bayan irin wadannan halayen sun ci gaba da zama. Dukkanin tsarin (tsinkewa + copulation) yawanci yakan ɗauki kamar kwana ɗaya. Theararren lila na da amo. Ciki yakan kai kimanin watanni 3. Fitowar 6-16, matsakaita na matasa 11 waɗanda ke da tsawon 44.0-57.5 da wutsiya na 38.4-54.0 mm, an lura a farkon watan Agusta da farkon rabin Satumba.
Yawancin lokaci suna barin don hunturu a ƙarshen Satumba, duk da haka, a cikin ranakun rana, ana iya samun daidaikun mutane a cikin Oktoba. Spindle itatuwa overwinter a cikin m burrows, wani lokacin kuma mutane da yawa dozin mutane tara. Suna kiwon ciyawar duniya, mollus na ƙasa, larvae, milipedes da sauran dabbobin masu motsi. Balaga yana faruwa a shekara ta uku ta rayuwa. Matsakaicin matsakaicin sanannu na shekaru shine shekaru 50, matsakaita shine 20-30.
Iyakan dalilai da matsayi
Spindle-itace, duk da irin sirrin rayuwar sa, yawancin lokaci yakan zama wanda aka kama da dabbobi masu rarrafe (masu rikitarwa na yau da kullun), tsuntsaye (mujiya mai launin toka, magpie, launin toka, jay, irin ƙwaro na yau da kullun, macijin ci, da sauransu) da dabbobi masu shayarwa (fox talakawa, marten).
An jera jinsunan a cikin Littafin Layi na Saratov. Matsayin Kariya: 5 - nau'in da aka maido wanda yanayinsa saboda yanayin ɗabi'a ba ya haifar da damuwa, amma yawan jama'arta na buƙatar saka idanu akai-akai. A cikin dazuzzuka masu tsalle-tsalle tare da gindin itacen oak a cikin ambaliyar kogin Khopyor a cikin yankunan Arkadak da Balashovsky, yawan jama'a a cikin bazara na 1992 da 1994 ya kasance 0.8 da mutane 1.4, bi da bi. A ɗayan manyan tashoshin yanar gizon a cikin bazara na 1997, an ɗauki matsakaicin mutum 1,2 / 2 kilomita na hanyar. Indicididdigar alamomi na nau'in suna da tsayayye. Babban abin da ke iyakancewa shi ne lalata wuraren zama sakamakon ayyukan gandun daji da kuma nauyin motsa jiki da yawa, lalata mutane kai tsaye.
An jera wannan ra'ayi a shafi ta III zuwa ga taron Berne.