Yi yaƙi da algae tare da hydrogen peroxide. Akwai wani sinadarai wanda ya dace sosai don amfani dashi a cikin akwatin kifin. Yana da arha, sayarwa a cikin dukkanin kantin magunguna ba tare da takardar likita ba, kuma duk wannan reagent ya kunshi ruwa ne da oxygen - hydrogen peroxide. Babban taro na maganin hydrogen peroxide, wanda zamu iya samu a cikin kantin magani, yawanci 3%. Wannan shine ainihin maida hankali wanda yafi dacewa don amfani dashi a cikin akwatin kifaye. Sashi na hydrogen peroxide shine 0.05-0.4 na yawan kifin akwatin akwatin (aquarium girma, in lita x 0.05 = kashi na yau da kullun, ml). Don 3% peroxide, wannan yana ba 1.5-12 mg / L. Hydrogen peroxide a cikin wannan maida hankali ne gaba daya ga mai mallaka daga ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙasa da kuma tacewa.
Hanya mai inganci da aminci amintacciyar hanya don tsabtace tsirrai daga cututtukan kifaye da lalata dukkan algae, har ma da Vietnamese. Sashi - 1.5 MG / l, 6-10 mg / l mai yiwuwa ne. Talakawa algae, kamar zaren, sukan mutu nan da nan, gemu kuma yana buƙatar sake aiki washegari, kuma ya mutu cikin daysan kwanaki. Yin amfani da Bleach tare da chlorine yafi yawan guba da tashin hankali ga tsirrai da kifi. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da peroxide don magance duka akwatin kifaye a hade tare da hanyar dimming. Yi isasshen zagayawar ruwa, kuma bayan 'yan awanni an sami canjin ruwa mai yawa.
Amintattun an dauki yawan haɗuwa har zuwa 15 MG / l na tsawon awanni 48. A cikin irin wannan maida hankali ne, yana da cikakken hadari ga tarin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙasa da matattara. Kifi yawanci yana jure da kashi na 30 ml a kowace lita 100 ba tare da lahani ba, amma peroxide da sauri yana lalata yawancin kwayoyin halitta, wanda kusan nan da nan ya kwashe dukkan oxygen daga cikin ruwa, don haka a kula da kifin kuma a yi amfani da igiyoyin ƙarfi da ƙarfi! Idan, lokacin amfani da peroxide, kumfa ya bayyana a jikin toshewar asirin, bangon akwatin kifaye, kifi da tsirrai, wannan yana nuna cewa adadin ya yi yawa. Sai kawai bayyanannu bayyanannu kumfa a kan matatun injin na halas ne.
Kada ku bar akwatin kifayen da ba a kula ba. Idan kifin ya fara numfasawa da ƙima sosai, nan da nan saika canza kashi 50% na ruwa ka kunna aeration mai ƙarfi. Wata haɗari na babban sigogi na peroxide tare da babban tarin algae da / ko tsoffin ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin akwatin kifaye shine babban sakin ammoniya NH4 / ammoniya NH3 da NO2 nitrites nan da nan bayan aikace-aikacen. Wannan na iya haifar da mutuwar kifi. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne don rage nitrate da phosphate gurbata ruwa kafin aikace-aikace. Zai fi kyau gabatar da wani kashi na 6-10 mg / l, yi karfi mai ƙarfi tare da aeration, kuma bayan fewan awanni maye gurbin 50% na ruwa. Yayin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, cire mafi sauƙin mayuwar algae da ƙari sau da yawa kuma canza ruwa da yawa.
Idan akwatin kifayenku suna da tsire-tsire da kuka fi so, to ba za ku iya wuce sashi na 20 ml a kowace lita 100 sau ɗaya a rana. Idan kuka wuce kashi na 15 mg / l peroxide, zaku kashe yawancin tsirrai masu tsayi tare da ganyayyaki da aka yanke sosai. Ana iya fansa tsire-tsire masu ƙoshi da yawa sau da yawa a cikin maganin peroxide wanda aka keɓe na 40 ml a kowace lita 100, na mintuna 40-60. Sakamakon glutaraldehyde akan tsire-tsire mai tsayi sosai. Hankaka cichlids! A babban pH (> 7.2-7.5), tasirin peroxide ya fi haɗari, saboda a babban pH wani muhimmin sashi na ammoniya NH4 an canza shi zuwa ammoniya NH3, wanda yake sau goma mafi guba!
Glutaraldehyde. Babban mataimaki a cikin gyaran akwatin kifaye tare da tsire-tsire shine glutaraldehyde. Ba wai kawai tushen tushen CO2 ba ne ga tsirrai, suna shawo kan sauyawa a cikin taro (suna haɓaka haɓakar algae), har ma yana da ƙarfi kuma gaba ɗaya mai cutarwa (kashe algae). Ta hanyar shigar da shi cikin akwatin kifaye, za ka cire algae a kai a kai, a hankali, “bugun hannunka” don yin takin da ya dace na takin zamani, sarrafa wadatar da CO2, ka fahimci koyarwar canjin ruwa da yankan tsirrai na kan lokaci. Lokacin da kuka koya, zaku buƙaci kawai don hanzarta zubar da algae nan da nan bayan fara sabon akwatin kifaye ko a'a.
Kwanan nan, An yi amfani da Seachem Flourish Excel (glutaraldehyde) don sarrafa algae kuma da alama yana aiki sosai a kan wasu nau'ikan algae. Don sanya babban rauni akan algae, zaku iya yin magani bisa ga umarnin, ko sau biyu ko sau uku a cikin sati biyu. Babban yafi kashe algae ja, amma yana da tasiri akan Cladophora, Staghorn, filament.
Excel ta cutar da wasu tsire-tsire - Egeria densa, Riccia, Vallisneria. Wasu suna ba da labarin tasirin Excel akan jatan lande da otocinclus. Tare da madaidaicin sashi, glutaraldehyde zai taimaka kawar da duk abubuwan algae, har ma a mafi yawan lokuta masu rauni, ba tare da wani sakamako mai cutarwa ba ga mafi yawan tsire-tsire mafi girma, kifi, invertebrates, ba tare da cutar da lalata ƙirar halitta ba. Wani muhimmin mahimmanci shine cewa ƙari na glutaraldehyde baya tasiri pH na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Kamar yadda abu mai aiki, ana amfani da maganin 2.5% na glutaraldehyde - wani hadadden abu mai amfani da aka saba amfani dashi a magani da kuma likitan hakori don maganin sanyi na kayan kida, haka kuma a shirye-shiryen shirye-shiryen don microscopy na lantarki. Abu ne mai ƙarfi na maganin antiseptik na glutaraldehyde wanda a fili yake samar da tasirin algicidal. Glutaraldehyde ya dace da tsawan amfani da shi a cikin babban akwatin kifaye, da kuma don maganin rigakafin lokaci-lokaci na tsire-tsire don kawar da algae, katantanwa, ƙwaiyensu, ko cututtuka daban-daban. Additionalarin amfani da wannan hanyar ita ce, glutaraldehyde shine wakili mai ragewa kuma yana taimakawa kare ƙarfe daga hadawar abu da ƙarfe.
Glutaraldehyde da farko ya zama mai aiki sosai, amma da sauri ya rasa aiki na lokaci tare da ƙari da wani abu mai kunnawa na musamman, wanda aka kawo shi a cikin kwalba daban. Kunnawa wajibi ne kawai don sterilization na kayan aikin likita, lokacin amfani dashi a cikin akwatin kifaye, ba ma buƙatar hakan, kuma maganin 2.5% na glutaraldehyde kanta za'a iya adanar shi na shekaru 2. Saboda haka, tun sayi 5 lita. ganga na Cidex (yana da mahimmanci kada a yi kuskure a nan - akwai kuma Cidex OPA wanda a maimakon glutaraldehyde wata ƙa'idar aiki gaba ɗaya ta daban) za'a iya ajiye ta har abada.
Tare da aikace-aikacen yau da kullun na 5 ml a kowace lita 100, mutuwar m algae da ke rayuwa a adadi mai yawa a cikin akwatin kifaye ba ya faruwa. Duk kifayen suna jin daɗi. Ina tsammanin ana iya amfani da wannan kashi azaman hana rigakafi. Tare da aikace-aikacen yau da kullun na 12 ml a kowace lita 100, algae kore yana ɓacewa a cikin kwanaki 7-10. Gilashin akwatin gilashi a zahiri ba su cika wani abu, idan babu wata shudi-kore. Kifi ji da girma. Na yi imani cewa yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da irin wannan maganin na dogon lokaci.
Tare da aikace-aikacen yau da kullun na 20 ml a kowace lita 100, duk algae ya mutu a cikin kwanaki 5-7, sai dai koren haske mai haske da launin shuɗi-kore. Wasu kifayen sun fara nuna alamun saurin kamuwa da iskar oxygen a cikin awanni 3-5 bayan yin maganin. Ina ƙara da cewa kifaye sun yarda da babban adadin glutaraldehyde mafi kyau idan ba ku ƙara shi gaba ɗaya ba, amma a hankali. Idan makasudin shine yaƙi da algae, to yawanci ana amfani da rabin abin yau da kullun kai tsaye, sauran kuma ta hanyar share fage awanni da yawa.
Ana gabatar da Cidex kowace safiya lokacin da aka kunna wutar (glutaraldehyde a cikin akwatin kifaye ta rushe ta 50% a cikin awanni 12, ɓace gabaɗaya bayan awanni 48), diluting a baya
Hanyar ragewa. Asalinsa shine gaba daya duhu duhu akwatin kifaye na kwana uku, kunna juya da kashe wadatar da wadatar CO2. Wannan yana kashe algae a wuri, kuma tsire-tsire basu da lahani. Wannan yana rushe yanayin tashin algae, kuma idan babu photosynthesis, ba tare da wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki ba, da sauri zasu mutu. A lokaci guda, Caridina multidentata da Otocinclus (duhu ba shine hana su ba) suna cin rayuwa da lalata algae, suna hana su yada sabbin abubuwan maye. Ta wannan hanyar, ba zaku iya kashe algae ba har abada. Alges spores na rayuwa ne da ƙarancin haske, kuma zai iya rayuwa cikin cikakken duhu har zuwa shekara 1. Idan a cikin akwatin kifaye akwai sake rashin daidaituwa da ƙaramin tsirrai na tsire-tsire, algae zai dawo.
Manyan tsire-tsire, kamar yadda suke ƙara ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin irin waɗannan yanayi, suna rayuwa, amma samfuran masarufi masu mahimmanci ya kamata a cire su daga akwatin kifaye. Tabbas, ana ci gaba da ciyar da kifi a wannan lokacin, amma saboda duk abincin an ci shi. Ana iya faɗi cewa cikakken duhu na akwatin kifaye na kwanaki da yawa hanya ce ta duniya ta sarrafa algae, yayin da tsire-tsire mafi girma, yayin da yawancin ke rayuwa, sannan kuma girma. Babban haɓakawa ga hanyar dimming shine gabatarwar Seachem Flourish Excel ko Glutaraldehyde. A da, an yi amfani da hydrogen peroxide don manufa iri ɗaya. Yana da mahimmanci musamman don ba da gudummawa ga Excel / Glutaraldehyde idan ba ku da Caridina multidentata ko Red ceri.
Kuna iya yin duhu cikin akwatin kifaye tare da zane mai duhu mai duhu sosai, jakunkuna na baƙar fata a cikin yadudduka biyu ko uku. • 1) Cire haɓakar mai yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu, yanke ganyayyaki masu tarin yawa. • 2) Tsaftace matatar. Idan kasan ya kasance launin algae mai launin shuɗi - siphon. • 3) Canza ruwa da kashi 50%. • 4) Kashe haske, wadatar da wadatar CO2, kunna wutan lantarki (da ake buƙata). • 5) Yi kyakkyawar kewaya jini. • 6) Gaba daya duhu duhu akwatin kifaye. • 7) Zuba Seachem Excel a cikin - 8 ml a cikin 50 l na ruwa, Glutaraldehyde zuwa taro daidai (babu fiye da 5 mg / l, ko hydrogen peroxide har zuwa 15 mg / l). Kar ku wuce kashi na Excel / Glutaraldehyde - zaku kashe shrimp da kifi. • Kashegari, maye gurbin 50% na ruwa kuma sake ƙara Excel / Glutaraldehyde / Peroxide. • 9) A rana ta uku daidai. 10) • A rana ta huɗu, kunna haske, wadatar CO2 (haɓaka a hankali, sama da kwanaki da yawa!), Nitrogenara nitrogen / phosphorus don maido da ƙarfin tsirrai. Kifi ba su amsa duhu ba ta kowace hanya.
Idan akwai isasshen ƙwayar mutuƙar ƙwayoyi a cikin akwatin kifin, yana da kyau a tashe su tare da tarho, tattara laka daga ƙasa, kuma a matse matattaran bayan fewan awanni don hana sakin ammoniya / ammoniya. Kada ku yi duhu da akwatin kifaye fiye da kwana uku, in ba haka ba za ku rasa tsire-tsire masu yawa, musamman ma wadanda ke daɗewa! Amfani da hydrogen peroxide ko glutaraldehyde, tare da adadi mai yawa na algae, a cikin akwatin kifaye yana haɗuwa tare da sakin mai zuwa na NO2 da ammonium NH4 (kuma a cikin babban pH da yawa daga ammoniya NH3 an kafa) daga lalata kyallen takarda, wanda zai iya haifar da guba na kifi da invertebrates. Karka kashe biofilter, sau da yawa canza ruwa, ka cire algae da yawa suna mutuwa.
Za'a iya samun saurin nasara a cikin sarrafa algae tare da maganin rigakafi da dyes iri daban-daban. Haɗin waɗannan abubuwa wani lokaci yana ba da kyakkyawan sakamako. Algicide ba panacea ba ne. Ya kamata a yi amfani dashi azaman makoma ta ƙarshe, har ma a sannan, abin takaici, bazai sami damar tasiri ba. Koyaya, suna yin cutarwa fiye da kyakkyawa: sau da yawa a cikin allurai suna aiki akan algae suna cutar kifi da tsirrai ta hanyar cire algae, basa cire abin da ya faru kuma bayan ɗan lokaci komai zai sake faruwa, suna lalata al'umma na ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke samar da yanayin zagayen nitrogen. A cikin akwatin kifaye na tsire-tsire, amfani da magungunan "matsananci" ba a so, saboda wannan na iya lalata tsire-tsire. Amma, duk da haka, ga masu son gwaje-gwaje:
Yin amfani da maganin rigakafi (penicillin, bicillin-5, streptomycin, erythromycin) yana cikin mafi yawan lokuta ba su da tasiri, amma wani lokacin yin amfani da ɗayan waɗannan rigakafin yana ba da sakamako mafi kyau. Dole ne a zabi maganin rigakafin ta hanyar gwaji. Manufa
Bayanin
A cikin wuraren ajiya tare da ingantaccen yanayin ilimin halittu, ciyawar suna nan a cikin adadi kaɗan. Zai fi dacewa da damuwa idan aka fuskance su da saurin ci gaban su. Sau da yawa akan bangon akwatin kifaye akwai fure mai fure, hanyoyin magancewa waɗanda aka tattauna a cikin labarin daban. Don magance ƙananan ciyayi a cikin akwatin kifaye, yana da mahimmanci don ƙayyade nau'in algae. Don haka ana ba ku tabbacin rabu da mu da parasitic flora kuma kada ku cutar da sauran mazaunan tafki.
Dalilin bayyanar
- Takewa ko rashin ilimin halittar dan adam. Idan akwatin kifayen yana da babban matakin kwayoyin halitta (ciyawar da ta lalace, ba a santa ba, sharar kifin da abincin da ya ragu), ciyayi suna da tushen abinci mai yawa. Excessarin yawan kwayoyin halitta ya samo asali ne daga yawan ɗumbin abinci, da saurin kifar da akwatin kifaye da kifayewar kifi.
- Surplus ko rashi na phosphorus da nitrates. Mafi girma flora ba zai iya jimre da wani wuce haddi da takin mai magani, don haka phosphates da nitrates ana cinye ta algae. Kuma rashin wadataccen abinci mai gina jiki ya samar da yanayi mai kyau ga kwari.
- Wucewa ko rashin haske. Tare da dogon hasken rana, ƙananan greenery yana ɗaukar haske mai yawa, kuma tsirrai sunyi rauni. Rashin haske, bi da bi, yana haifar da yanayi don yaduwar wasu nau'in ciyawa.
- Ba daidai ba adadin fitilu. Mafi girma flora yana buƙatar hasken shuɗi da shuɗi bakan. Edsaunuka suna ƙaunar hasken rawaya mai daɗi da aka bayar ta fitilu masu ƙyalƙyali da hasken rana.
Brown ko diatoms
Algae launin ruwan kasa yana bayyana kamar plaque a jikin bangon akwatin kifaye, ganye da ƙasa. Babu cutarwa ga flora da fauna. Sau da yawa suna bayyana a cikin akwatin kifaye don masu farawa saboda yanayin rashin daidaituwa da rashin haske. Algae algae kiwo cikin ruwa mai wuya tare da pH sama da 7.5. Don hana haɓaka haɓaka, maye gurbin kwan fitila tare da ƙaƙƙarfan iko ko ƙara wani tushen hasken. Idan baku shafa mai launin ruwan kasa ba, zai kwanta a cikin wani kauri mai kauri, wanda da wuya a shawo shi.
Red algae ko baki algae
Suna girma a cikin bunches na launin toka, shunayya ko ruwan hoda mai launi mai tsayi kusan 5 mm. Hakanan aka sani da Scarlet. Suna girma akan kowane saman, a cikin gishiri da ruwa mai tsafta. Crimson itatuwa suna da wuya a cire. Suna son ruwa mai wuya tare da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi. Shirye-shiryen Glutaraldehyde suna da tasiri a kansu a hade tare da canje-canjen ruwa na mako-mako har zuwa 50% da tsaftacewa sosai.
Gashin gemu
Girma cikin baƙar fata. "Gemu" galibi ana rikita shi da "Vietnamese", wanda ba babban kuskure bane, saboda hanyoyin kawar da ganye na parasitic daidai ne. Idan kun lura cewa gashi mai duhu ya bayyana akan tsire-tsire a cikin akwatin kifaye, duba labarin akan hanyoyin magance gemu baki.
Menene algae
Yawancin masu fara binciken ruwa suna danganta duk ciyayin dake cikin ruwa zuwa algae. Wannan ra'ayi kuskure ne. Tsire-tsire suna girma a cikin akwatin kifaye su ne mafi girman wakilan masarautar shuka: ferns, mosses da ciyawa. Algae (algoflora) sun haɗa da ƙananan sifofin rayuwa.
Wannan babban rukunin ƙungiyoyi ne masu haɓaka tsarin unicellular, multicellular da nau'ikan mulkin mallaka na rayayyun halittu waɗanda suke rayuwa galibi cikin yanayin ruwa. Ba dukkan su tsirrai bane.
Ba su tashi daga ko'ina ba, amma sun fada cikin akwati da ruwa, sabbin dabbobi, samfuran shuka, abinci, duwatsu, snags. Kari akan haka, abubuwanda suka saba a koyaushe suna cikin iska.
Algae a cikin akwatin kifaye na iya haifar da mutuwar tsirrai.
A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, ci gaban su yana farawa, wanda yake haifar da:
- da ado roko na akwatin kifaye ne rushe,
- plaque siffofin a saman farfajiya na ganuwar, ruwan ya zama hadari, kore ko rawaya,
- akwai wari mara dadi
- clogged tace
- tsirrai da kifi sun mutu.
Haɓaka Algal yana nuna ƙarancin ingancin ruwa, rashin daidaituwa a cikin tsarin kimiyyar halittu.
Haka kuma akwai wasu nau'ikan da ke da amfani wadanda suke ba da tallafin halittu, masu ba da fata don lalata da haihuwa, matsuguni don soya. Ana amfani da wasu macroalgae aquascaping.
Daban-daban na akwatin kifaye Algae
Akwai dubun dubunnan nau'ikan algae.
Nau'in akwatin kifaye na gama gari:
- diatoms
- launin ruwan kasa
- kore
- ja (Scarlet),
- shuɗi-kore (cyanobacteria).
Zabi na ingantacciyar hanyar sarrafa algae a cikin akwatin kifaye ya dogara da kasancewarsu ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan rukunin masu canjin kuɗi.
Mafi sau da yawa, diatoms a cikin tsari mara kyau aquariums kuma suna shafar tsire-tsire.
Diatoms
Abubuwan halittar microscopic unicellular masu rufi ne da kwasfa silicon. Wani lokacin a hade a cikin yankunan. Mai ikon tona asirin gamsai. Mafi yawancin lokuta suna haɗe zuwa wurare daban-daban, suna haifar da duhu koren shuɗi, launin shuɗi ko launin ruwan kasa, waɗanda ke haɗuwa da manyan juzu'i. Sau da yawa ana samun su cikin sabbin hanyoyin ruwa. Suna haɓaka da kyau a ƙarancin haske.
Rashin kawar da abubuwa na diatoms zai iya zama mai hankali. Wajibi ne don inganta haske, kula da yawan zafin jiki a + 25 ° C, aiwatar da canje-canje ruwa, tsaftataccen farfajiya, daidaita matakan silicates (cire duwatsun kayan ado, amfani da matattara ta musamman).
Kawa
Brown algae a cikin akwatin kifaye a kan tsire-tsire.
Yawancin lokaci sun rikita batun diatoms, kodayake suna wakiltar aji daban. Waɗannan kwayoyin halittu ne na ƙasa a ƙasa, ɗaya daga cikin matakan haɓaka wanda shine nau'in multicellular. Yawancin su suna zaune ne a cikin tekuna, amma akwai wasu nau'ikan ruwa na ruwa. Abubuwan launirsu an tabbatar dasu ta hanyar launin ruwan kasa launin ruwan kasa, wanda ya mamaye sauran irin kayan alatu.
An samo su ba tare da kullun ba, akasarinsu aquacenoses matasa. Suna samar da launin ruwan tabarau mai laushi na kan gilashi, duwatsu, snags, abubuwan adonsu, tsirrai. Zabin da ba daidai ba na hasken wutar lantarki na iya tayar da ci gaban su. Ana cire plaque ta injina kuma tare da taimakon masu tsabtatawa masu rai.
Iri nau'ikan akwatin kifaye tare da hoto
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan algae. Akwai nau'ikan sama da dubu talatin! Da ke ƙasa akwai algae mafi yawan gama gari, dalilan bayyanarsu a cikin akwatin kifaye da kuma halayen mutum ɗaya na warware matsaloli tare da su.
Amma, rarrabuwa ta farko. Dangane da yawan adadin algal taro, launuka ne na Thallus (thallus) suka rarrabu zuwa:
- Diatoms - Diatomeae,
- Algae launin ruwan kasa - Phaeophceae,
- Algae kore - Chlorophceae,
- Algae mai rawaya-kore - Xantophceae,
- Red algae - Rhodophceae,
- Algae na Zinare - Chrysophceae,
- Algae mai ruwan-shuɗi - Cynophceae,
Kore
Wannan sashin ƙananan tsire-tsire ya haɗa da kwayoyin halitta guda biyu ba tare da unicellular da kwayoyin halitta da yawa. Wani fasali na musamman shine kasancewar chlorophyll, wanda ke samar da koren launi na sel. Yawancin wakilai suna jagorantar salon rayuwa da aka haɗe kawai a farkon haɓaka, to, suna haɓaka a cikin rukuni na ruwa.
Bayyana a cikin nau'in fasalin ma'ana, fim mai launin kore akan bango ko kasan, zaren, tangles. Yanayin da ya fi dacewa da ci gaban su shine zazzabi, tsawon lokacin hasken rana, yalwar carbon dioxide, phosphates da nitrates.
Warin kore
Waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ne masu iya daukar hoto. Sashen cyanobacteria ya hada da nau'in unicellular, mulkin mallaka, siffofin filamentous. Launinsu ya bambanta daga launin kore zuwa shuɗi mai zurfi. Suna samar da wani laushi mai rufi mai santsi a kan gilashi, ƙasa, tsirrai, sune babban dalilin fure ruwa, fitar da halayyar da ba wari mara kyau, alkinta yanayin yanayin ruwa. Wasu nau'in suna fitar da gubobi.
Algae mai launin shuɗi-kore saboda ƙarancin gurɓataccen ruwan da ke cikin akwatin kifaye da wucewar haske.
Haɓakar ƙwayoyin halitta suna faruwa ne ta hanyar dalilai daban-daban:
- Cessarancin ƙwayoyin cuta saboda yawan kifaye.
- Matsayin pH shine 7.5-9.5.
- Rashin iya wadatarwa.
- Haske mai kima
- Tashi zafin jiki.
- Fitar da takin zamani.
Don dakatar da ayyukansu, ana amfani da tsarukan matakan, gami da tsabtace na injiniya, haɓaka abubuwan oxygen, dasa shuki tsire-tsire masu hanzari, da kuma amfani da maganin rigakafi da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta.
Filamentous
Koma zuwa algae koren kore.
- Kladofora. Tana da tsari mai kyau, wanda ya kai tsawon cm 2-3. An kirkireshi yayin tururuwar ruwa da kuma karancin macronutrients.
- Edogonium. Ya bayyana a cikin wani nau'i na kore igwa a kan ganye ko ƙasa, sannan ya ba da zaren zaren. Yana haɓaka tare da rashin ƙarancin macronutrients.
- Rhizoclonium. Ya bayyana a cikin kwanan nan ƙaddamar da jerin ruwayoyin a cikin nau'i na launuka masu sassauci na launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Dalilin shine sake zagayowar nitrogen.
Spirogyra shima yana da tsarin filamentous, kodayake baya nufin kore, amma ga harofitovye algae. Ana saurin haɓakar saurinsa a cikin haske mai ƙarfi, rashin daidaituwa na abubuwan ma'adinai, da kuma wuce haddi na kwayoyin halitta.
Zai fi kyau a cire zaren da hannu. Ci gabanta yana wulakantar da ita ne ta tsawan tsirrai. Sau da yawa ana yin amfani da ranar 3 ta ragewa da kuma amfani da magungunan algicidal.
Kungiyar Algae Compsopogon
Wannan wani nau'in ja ne, wanda kuma ake kira gemu baki. Tsarin lalacewa mai saurin ɗaukar matakai har zuwa 15-20 mm tsayi. Launinsu launuka ne daga baki zuwa duhu kore. Sun haɗu da al'adun akwatin kifaye, suna haɓaka rhizoids a cikin ƙwayoyin halittunsu, suna lalata tsarin ƙarshen. Sabili da haka, suna buƙatar cire su tare tare da ganyen da ya shafa.
Sau da yawa, gemu na baki yana rikice tare da wani jan algae da ake kira Vietnamese (wani nau'in Audouinella). Yana da ɗan bambanci a cikin bayyanar: layinsa mai laushi mai laushi mai launin shuɗi ko baƙar fata yana haɓaka da ƙananan bunches. A cikin bayanan ƙasashen waje, ana kiran wannan nau'in gemu mai baƙar fata, kuma kwaro na kwalin aquarium flora, wanda a cikin akwatin kifaye na gida ana kiransa gemu mai ƙwanƙwasa, ana kiransa ƙaho bera a cikin adabin Ingilishi.
Dukkan jinsunan suna haifar da babban lahani kuma suna da wahalar cirewa. An ba da shawarar rage wadatar kwayoyin ta hanyar rage adadin kifaye, cire katantanwa, kashe na'urori waɗanda ke haifar da gudummawar, tsaftace tsabta, sau da yawa canza ruwa, ƙara samar da carbon dioxide.
Algae daga cikin ƙungiyar 'compsopogon detachment' ana kiranta "gemu", saboda suna girma a cikin babban yanki.
Rage haske
Yawancin algae suna buƙatar babban haske. Sabili da haka, ba za a sanya akwatin ruwa a kan sills taga ba, a gaban windows kuma a wasu wuraren da hasken rana ke nunawa yana samun sama da sa'o'i 2 a rana.
Haske a cikin akwatin kifaye da yamma na iya haifar da algae bayyana.
Rage tsawon sa'o'in hasken rana zuwa awa 8 akan tsire-tsire na ornamental ba a nuna shi sosai ba, kuma don harbe-harbe marasa galibi yakan zama m.
Wasu lokuta haske yakan cire shi tsawon kwanaki, yana sanya compressor don isar da oxygen ga kifin, saboda tsirrai a cikin duhu basa yin wannan aikin. Wannan hanyar tana da inganci, alal misali, a cikin ruwan fure.
Ityarfin haske ya kamata ya zama matsakaici, ƙa'idar ita ce 0,5 watts a lita 1. Wuce kima da tsokani ya haifar da bayyanar launin algae, da karancin launin ruwan kasa da ruwan sha.
A wasu yanayi, kuna buƙatar zaɓar fitilar gwargwadon bakan. Misali, ana amfani da fitila mai shuɗi (windlength 600 nm) na ɗan lokaci don yaƙi da gemu baƙi.
Hanyar ingantacciyar hanya mai haske ya tabbatar da kyau sosai. Yayinda yake riƙe tsayuwar tsayuwar rana da safe da maraice, kuna buƙatar rage ƙarfin haske da rabi.
Amfani da kifi da katantanwa suna cin algae
Akwai dabbobin da yawa da ke ciyar da abinci mai ɗanɗano.
Ototsinklus affinis kifi na ciyar da algae da tsaftace akwatin kifaye.
Daga cikin kifi, ya fi son a ba wa:
- Siamese algae masu cin abinci (Crossocheilus siamensis, Epalzeorhynchos siamensis, SAE), takwarorinsu na Indiya (IAE),
- otocinclus (Otocinclus),
- maƙiyi, guppies, mollies da sauran wakilan dangin Peciliae (Poeciliidae),
- Jordanella
- Gastromyzon (Gastromyzon),
- trophies (Tropheus),
- hypostomus (Hypostomus).
Wasu kifayen na iya canzawa zuwa kayan ganye na ado.
Wannan na hali ne na iri iri kamar:
- Girinoheylus (Gyrinocheilus aymonieri), su kuma ana kiransu algae masu cin kasar Sin, ko KAE,
- Kifi na Anthistrus (Ancistrus),
- pterygoplichty (Pterygoplichthys), da sauransu.
Zaka iya amfani da wasu dabbobin da ke tsaftace wurare daban-daban daga ci gaban algal. Lokacin da ruwan yayi fure, bivalves ko babban rukuni na daphnia zasu iya taimakawa. Amano shrimp (Caridina multidentata, sunan wanda aka ɓace na C. japonica) ya jimre da nau'ikan nau'ikan algoflora. Hakanan zasu taimaka wajen tsaftace wuraren kwalliya na kwalliya kwalliya daga hanzarin bayyana gurbata yanayi, komawa zuwa ga tsohon roko na ado.
A cikin farkon matakan fashewa, ana amfani da katantanwa (ampoules, coils, theodoxuses, da sauransu). Amma tare da mummunan raunuka, ba koyaushe suke tasiri ba.
Aikace-aikacen ciyayi mai sauri
Filin kifayen yana yaƙi don haske, carbon dioxide, abubuwan gina jiki, abubuwan haɓaka ma'adinai. Anan algoflora ya yi hasarar ganyayyaki mai ruwa na hanzari.
Don magance yawan algal, ana amfani da nau'ikan tsiro mai saurin girma:
Ba lallai ne a shuka tsire-tsire ba; zaka iya ƙara siffofi masu iyo, kamar hornwort, gun, elodea, da sauransu.
Ciyar da ganye tare da kayan gargajiya da na ma'adinai ya kamata a tsaftace su sosai.
Ludwigs (hagu), Hygrophils (tsakiya), Wallisneria (dama) suna iya yaƙar algae saboda haɓakarsu da sauri, suna buƙatar abinci mai yawa, wanda algae zai rasa don ci gaba.
Hanyoyin sunadarai
Ana amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta yayin da sauran hanyoyin tsarkakewa basu yi aiki ba. Waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta tare da herbicidal ko aikin biocidal.
- humates - suna canza phosphates zuwa wani tsari wanda ba za'a iya samu ba, acidite matsakaici, aiki a hankali, basa aiki cikin ruwa mai wahala,
- oxidants - kashe algae da ɓarnatattun abubuwa, suna da lahani a cikin tsirrai da microflora mai kyau,
- kwayoyin halittu - maganin antiseptics da shirye-shiryen zinc ko jan ƙarfe, suna aiki da sauri, amma kashe ciyayi, suna haɓaka daidaituwar ƙwayoyin halitta,
- maganin rigakafi - mai dacewa da algae mai launin shuɗi,
- zeolites sihiri ne na hakika wanda ke cire phosphates daga ruwa,
- shirye-shirye dangane da glutaraldehyde - na iya yin illa ga tsirrai, wasu basu da aminci ga jatan lande.
Aiwatar da su da taka tsantsan, gwargwadon umarnin, bin duk shawarar da aka ba da shawarar. Ba za a iya amfani da algaecides don wuraren waha a cikin aquas na ado ba.
Carbon dioxide
Anara yawan wadatar carbon dioxide yana haɓaka haɓakar shuka, wanda ke haifar da hana ayyukan algal. Matsayinsa shine 10-20 mg / l. An zaɓi taro da ake so akayi daban-daban. Bai kamata ya zama mai mahimmanci ga nau'in kifayen da ake dasu ba. A wannan yanayin, ya zama dole don kula da matakin pH na yau da kullun kuma tabbatar da cewa ƙimar ta ba ta ƙasa da 6. Idan babu ciyawar ciyawar ko kuma ba ta da ci gaba, dole ne a dakatar da kwararar carbon dioxide.
Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide (3%) an kara shi da ruwa a cikin adadin 1.5-2.5 ml a kowace lita 10.
Manyan maganin gargajiya ne da ake amfani da su don magance cyanobacteria, gemu baki da Vietnamese. Ana amfani da maganin 3% a cikin adadin 1.5-2.5 ml ta 10 l na ruwa. Zai fi kyau shigar da shi tare da sirinji ba tare da allura ba a wurin tara tsiron da ba a buƙata.
An cire ganyen da ya shafa a baya. Yi amfani da samfurin tare da taka tsantsan tare da sauran ayyukan.
Anyi amfani dashi don lalata kwantena, ruwa, kayan ado, kayan aiki. Zai iya zama fari, mafita na bilic 5% ko chloramine 3%. Dole ne a kula da tasirin tasirinsu akan microflora, tsirrai da dabbobi. Chlorine maras motsi ne, an sake shi ne daga ruwa yayin shan iska. Kuna buƙatar jira akalla kwanaki 1-2. Kuna iya amfani da kayan aikin musamman don cire shi da sauri.
Abinci mai gina jiki
Cessarancin ƙwayoyin cuta suna haifar da yanayi mai kyau don ci gaban algoflora. Yawancin abubuwan gina jiki suna mai da hankali a cikin ruwa saboda yawan kifaye. Don rage abubuwan da mahallin kwayoyin ke ciki, ya kamata a bayar da abinci mai rai ko mai sanyi, kuma rabonsa ya zama iyakance zuwa mafi ƙarancin buƙata.
A cikin layi daya, ana aiwatar da canjin ruwa mai yawa (sau 2-3 a mako, aƙalla 20% na ƙara), kula da tsabta. Ana cire nitrogen da phosphorus mai amfani ta hanyar amfani da abubuwa na musamman kamar su Aqua Medic antiphos ko Tetra NitrateMinus Pearls.
Glutaraldehyde
Wannan fili yana nuna kayan maye. Yana rushe cikin ruwa yayin rana tare da kwantar da carbon dioxide. A cikin yaƙi da gemu da bera, yana da tasiri sosai fiye da sauran hanyoyin, ba ya shafar jayayya.
Glutaraldehyde magani ne wanda za'a iya kara ruwa.
Wannan bangaren a taro na kashi 2.5% wani bangare ne na magunguna daban-daban:
- Cutar hannu,
- Alkalin Alkairi + CO2,
- Kwararre Algae Killer,
- ZMF Algo tasha gyara, da sauransu.
Kafin amfani, masana sun bayar da shawarar cire abubuwan da ake iya gani na kamuwa da cuta da kuma ɓoye ƙasa. Maganin don maganin prophylactic na girman 100 l shine 3 ml, tare da rauni mai rauni - 5 ml, aka bayyana - 10-12 ml.
Wannan adadin shine amintaccen kariya don amfani na dogon lokaci. A cikin maganganun ci gaba, ana gudanar da kashi biyu sau biyu ko sau ɗaya. Yana da kyawawa don haɓaka aeration.
Yadda ake tsabtace akwatin kifaye kuma sau nawa
Mitar hanyar ta dogara da dalilai da yawa:
- Girman akwatin kifaye. Dole ne a tsabtace tankuna tare da ƙara na lita 10-20 10 a mako, daga lita 100 - aƙalla lokaci 1 a kowane wata.
- Yawan dabbobi. Yawancinsu, saurin gurɓatar da yanayin.
- Daidaitawar biocenosis. Idan ma'auni ya damu, tsabtacewa ya kamata a aiwatar da shi sau da yawa.
- Kulawar da ta dace. Kuskuran abun ciki kuma yana haifar da saurin gurbata yanayi.
Tsarkakewa ne wanda aka shirya tare da canza ruwa wani sashi. Da wuya su wanke akwatin kifaye gabaɗaya, ba fiye da 1 lokaci a cikin shekaru da yawa, saboda an ƙeta ƙayyadadden ƙwayoyin cuta. Hakanan ana yin hakan ne kafin sabon ƙaddamarwa kuma, idan ya cancanta, cikakkiyar gurɓataccen ruwan akwatin.
Ana amfani da scraper na musamman don tsabtace gilashin akwatin kifin, kuma abubuwa masu ado suna buƙatar tsabtace da hannu kuma a goge su cikin glutaraldehyde.
Ayyukan da aka shirya sun hada da:
- tsaftacewa bango tare da tufka ko kayan wanki,
- tsaftacewa da abubuwa na ado,
- yankan da kuma thinning ciyayi,
- siphon na kasar gona
- wankan tacewa a cikin ruwa akwatin kifaye,
- goge fitilun da murfi,
- cire 15-30% na yawan ruwa tare da sauya adadin da ya dace na ruwan da aka kare.
Ana aiwatar da tsakuwa, kayan ado, kayan aiki, tsire-tsire kamar yadda ake buƙata. Ba'a amfani da datti ko kayan tsaftacewa. Kafin fara aiwatar da aikin, ya zama dole a kashe duk kayan aikin lantarki ban da matatun waje, sannan a tuna don a sake kunna shi.
Cikakke (cikakken) tsabtatawa yana buƙatar cikakken sake kunna tsarin. Hanyar aiwatar da hukuncin kisan kai ya tsira. Kifi da sauran dabbobi an sanya su a mahalli na ɗan lokaci. Yi daidai da tsire-tsire. Ka fitar da su a hankali don kada su lalata asalinsu. Isasa tana ƙarƙashin maganin zafi ko an maye gurbinsu da sabon. An wanke kwandon tare da maganin maye, sannan a bushe akalla awanni 24. Yana da kyau a tafasa kaya.
Yin rigakafin Algae
Babban hanyoyin hana bayyana algae sun hada da masu zuwa:
- Sanya akwatin kifaye a cikin wurin da ya dace, rashin hasken da ya wuce kima.
- Irƙirar yanayi ingantacce don bunƙasa amfanin gona.
- Amfani da takin mai magani na yau da kullun, daidai gwargwado na abubuwa na micro da macro.
- Regulation na yawan abinci. Kifi ya kamata ya ci shi gaba ɗaya.
- Kula da tsabta. Wajibi ne a cire plaque daga gilashi, duwatsun, figur, cire sassan tsirrai, kuma a guji yin ɓarna da ƙura na ƙasan.
- Yarda da tsarin zafin jiki. Ruwa kada yayi zafi + 24 ... + 26 ° С.
- Gyara pH ta hanyar sarrafa kwararar carbon dioxide.
- Adana daidaitattun abubuwa na kwayar halitta, gami da kwayan cuta, a cikin kayan halitta wanda aka kirkira shi.
- Binciken ciyayi don kamuwa da cuta, ɗaukar matakan da suka dace. Sabbin tsire-tsire da samfuran dabbobi.
- Amfani da abincin algae don sarrafa algal.
Hadaddun wadannan matakan zai guji buƙatar amfani da sinadarai.
Xenococus
A waje, xenococus yana bayyana azaman dige masu launin kore akan gilashin, suna samar da plaque. Ya bayyana a densely dasa herbalists da a cikin rabin-aquariums fanko. Sanadin faruwa: wuce haddi haske da ƙarancin carbon dioxide.
Algae fada kifi
Wadannan “ma’aikatan tsabta” ana samun su galibi a cikin jerin gidajen ruwa.
Musamman kyawawan "masu tsabta" sune:
- yakamata
- talakawa kawai,
- otocinclus (dwarf catfish), wanda yafi son diatoms.
Suna tsabtace komai a hankali tare da kofin tsotse su (fim na kwayan cuta, foging daga algae, wasu kwayoyin cuta), suna farawa daga ganuwar akwatin kifin, ƙasa, duwatsu da ƙare tare da snags da manyan ganyayyaki. Haka kuma, su da kansu basa fassara ne, wannan shine tabbataccen ƙari.
- Misali, pterigoplicht wanda ya girma zai iya girma zuwa 40-45 cm kuma ya fara nuna haushi ga sauran mazaunan.
- Idan ba su da isasshen abinci, wasu masu “kofuna waɗanda za su iya shayarwa” suna iya fara ciyar da kansu da gamsai na manyan kifayen da ba su iya yin sauruwa da dare.
- Wani lokaci kifin kifi, da sha'awar tsabtacewa, lalata tenderanyun tsirrai masu taushi ko sanya ramuka a cikin ganyen matasa.
- Kuma wasu mutane masu shekaru sun fara zama mara nauyi kuma suna talaucin aiwatar da "aikinsu".
Dwarf catfish ko otocinclus - mai cin nama mai algae daga cikin gidan sarkar saƙon kifi ya fi dacewa da diatoms mai launin ruwan kasa. A garken kifi biyar iya sauƙi kiyaye 100 akwatin kifin mai tsabta. "Dwarf" mara misaltawa, mai zaman lafiya, mai iya dacewa tare da manyan mafarauta.
"Janitor", wanda ba za a iya gani ba sau da yawa, amma wannan bai sa ya zama da muni ba: masarauta ta sarauta, ta kasance cikin gidan kifi mai sarkar. Babban kifi, wanda kuke buƙatar lita 200 na ruwa (ba ƙasa ba). Matasa suna da kwanciyar hankali, amma tare da shekaru halinsu yana tabarbarewa. A ci gaba sosai tare da kwanciyar hankali. Mafi kyawun Panak yana share daskararren itace.
Kofin tsotsa tare da wane nau'in kifayen siliki suna cire forage daga saman.
Garinheyl
Wannan dangin sun hada nau'ikan kifaye uku kacal, waɗanda suka fi shahara cikinsu sune girinoheylus.
Leɓun leɓunansu kamar kofin tsotsa tare da manyan falle a ciki. Wadannan bends suna samar da “grater”.
Godiya ga wannan ƙirar, ana iya riƙe kifi akan duwatsu har ma da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfi na yanzu, yayin da ake jan gyadar daga saman su.
Wannan abincin ba shi da abinci mai gina jiki sosai, saboda haka, "karce" girinoheylus suna da yawa.
Abubuwan da ba su dace ba sun hada da
- lalacewar ganye akan yadda furarshi da ramuka zasu iya kasancewa bayan 'girbin',
- karamin adadin kifi bai isa ya kula da tsabta a cikin akwatin kifaye ba,
- a adadi mai yawa, suna da rikicewa kuma koyaushe suna kaiwa hari irin nasu, kamar yadda suke yan ƙasa.
Yana da matukar wahala a sami zaman lafiya a tsakaninsu. Hakanan dole ne a zabi maƙwabta a hankali, a rarrabuwa ba za ku iya ɗaukar kifi mai motsi ba.
Viviparous
Yawancinsu suna da ƙaramin ƙaramin ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, wanda yake kama da scraper wanda zai iya kawar da plaque daga bango, ƙasa da tsirrai.
Mafi shahararrun masu shayar da dabbobi sune guppies, mollies, pecilia, and swordsman. Wasu masu shayarwa suna da'awar cewa waɗannan kifayen za su iya rayuwa har ma ba tare da ƙarin abinci ba, suna cin zaren kore.
Amma suna da kyau kawai a matsayin mataimaka ga wasu masu ci, tunda suna matuƙar ƙin ci cin abinci mara kyau.
Viviparous guppy kifi.
Cyprinids
Fan wasan da yafi ƙarfin gajiya da algae daga wannan dangi shine mai cin Siamese (mai Siamese crossheil, ko Siamese crosshelius, ko Siamese epalceorinchus).
Tudun shi kore algae ne da ake kira "Vietnamese" ko "gemu na baki" (waɗannan sune haɓaka a cikin nau'i na duhu mai duhu akan duwatsu, ganyayyaki da sauran wurare).
Hakanan yana iya dacewa da sauran algae a cikin hanyar bindiga, tunda bakinsa yafi dacewa da wannan. Don aquarium na lita 100 ya zama da tsabta, biyu kawai (har ƙanƙane) Masu cin Siamese algae sun isa.
Amfanin waɗannan kifayen aiki ne, motsi, yanayin kwanciyar hankali, ƙaramin jirgin ruwa don rayuwa ta al'ada da kulawa mai kyau.
Ba tare da aibu ba. Bayan tsawon kifin ya zama fiye da 4 santimita, za su iya fara cin ƙanshin Javanese, idan ya girma a cikin akwatin kifaye, kuma da yardar rai fiye da algae.
Hakanan an lura cewa, yayin da suke girma, masu cin Siamese algae a hankali sun saba da abincin kifin kuma suna iya rasa sha'awar kifi.
Wani nau'i na "masu tsabta" daga wannan dangi - lakabi mai launi biyu (bicolor) da kore (frenatus). Bakinsu yana fuskantar kasa. Tabbas, suna cin algae da folis, amma ba da waɗanda suka gabata ba. Yana da kyau a matsayin sha'awa, kamar yadda yin magana. Babban sandar su yana karuwa da tsoratarwa da yankuna dangane da sauran kifayen da irin nasu.
Siamese waterled a cikin irin ra'ayi. Yi nazarin kifi sosai kuma ku tuna da bayyanarsa, kamar yadda ake sayar da wasu nau'in galibi a ƙarƙashin wannan sunan a cikin shagunan dabbobi.
Tekun Baƙin Gwari
Wadannan hanyoyin arthropods ana dai dai kiransu zakarun tsarkaka. Musamman masu kyau sune ruwan jigilar ruwa, wanda jikinsu ya cika da "magoya baya" na musamman.
Wadannan tsabtatattun abubuwa suna tace ruwan kuma suna fitar da abinci daga abinci, barbashi tsirrai da abin da ya ragu daga mazaunan. Maza kwance ƙasa da kuma tace turbidity, wanda a lokaci guda ya tashi. Mace suna cire gurɓatattun abubuwa daga doron ƙasa.
Baya ga tace ruwa, waɗannan halittu suna cire algae mai saurin gani daga ganyen tsirrai da sauran duniyoyi, kuma sun sami nasara sosai fiye da kifi.
- karamin shrimp na iya daukar karamin aiki,
- saboda yana da tsabta da gaske a cikin akwatin kifaye, zaku buƙaci jatan goge mai yawa (mutum ɗaya a kowace lita),
- suna da matukar kariya kuma kifi zai iya cinye shi, sakamakon wanda ake buƙatar zaɓar maƙwabta sosai, ƙari ƙirƙirar wuraren mafaka masu yawa.
Baya ga ceri, jigon Amano shrimps yayi yaƙi sosai. Ana kiyaye kwallayen Cladorof daidai kuma ku ci zaren.
Mahimmanci! Tasirin "aikin" yana shafar girman su. Idan ya fi girma a jingina, to sai ya zama ya fi wuya a dunkule dunƙen alkama. Anyi la'akari da santimita na hudu santimita mafi kyau.
Isa 5 daga cikin waɗannan guda akan lita 200. Santimita uku zai buƙaci mutum 1 ga kowane lita 10 na ruwa. Onesananan ƙananan suna buƙatar ƙarin ƙari (1-2 ga kowane lita). Zaɓin na ƙarshe shine mafi rashin inganci kuma mafi tsada. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa waɗannan shrimps ba sa cin xenococcus da sauran algae na kore a cikin aikin plaque. Har ila yau, Blackbeard ba ya son yin amfani da shi.
Wani nau'in shine neocaridins. Sun fi yawa a tsakanin yan koyo, saboda suna da sauƙin shayarwa. Smallaramin abu ne, tsawo 1-2 cm kawai, don haka za a buƙaci yawancin "raka'a biyu" (kowane mutum a kowace lita). An zaɓi fifiko don nau'in filastik mai taushi na nau'in Rizoclinium. Neocaridins sune mafi kyawun zaɓi don tsaran tsire-tsire. Abubuwan da ba za'a iya jurewa ba a cikin sabon akwatin kifayen, kamar yadda suke taimakawa wajen daidaita ma'auni. A cikin balagagge, suna kiyaye ma'auni.
Spirogyra
Zaɓi ne mai ƙyalƙyali. Zai yi wuya a rabu da algae, saboda yana girma cikin babban sauri a cikin akwatin kifaye. Dalilin ci gaban shine wuce haddi na haske da rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Yana kashe wutar hade tare da qaddamar da kifayen mai cin nama da kuma gabatar da magunguna.
Algae fada katantanwa
Kodayake mollusks ba su da nasara sosai a cikin rawar da ke cikin tsari, ƙarfin su shine ikon cinye kusan dukkanin gurɓatattun abubuwa (abincin da ya ragu, rayayyiyar rayayyiya da ragowar mazaunan matattu, tsire-tsire masu jujjuya, gamsai da ƙyalli a kan dukkan saman, fim daga saman ruwa).
Kuma kyautatawa da dabi'un wasu nau'ikan suna aiki a matsayin wata alama ta nuna tsarkin kasar gona da ruwa.
Mummunan abu shi ne cewa adadin katantanwa kusan ba shi yiwuwa a sarrafa, kuma suna haihuwa da sauri.
Amma a cikin moquusks akwatin kifaye akwai ba kawai hanzari kiwo kwari. Wasu daga cikin katantanwa ba za su iya haihuwar kwata kwata ba, wasu sun kawo qaramin zuriya, wasu kuma suna da ban sha'awa da cute, saboda haka ba wai kawai za su dauke su ne a kantin sayar da dabbobi mafi kusa ba, amma tabbas za su bayar da wani abu.
Ga wasu daga cikin mafi yawan tsabtatattun tsaffin snail da aka samu a cikin gidajen ruwa na gida:
Neretina Zebra (tiger snail), neretina shinggehog, kunne baki neretina. Suna cire plaque daga gilashin, duwatsu, busasshen itace, kayan ado da manyan ganye ba tare da lalata su ba. Da alama basu gajiya ba. Debe - barin masonry na caviar a kan gilashin akwatin kifaye, daga abin da yara ba su ƙyanƙyashe.
Neretina ta tsorata. Wannan dunƙule (1-1.5 cm) zai iya hawa zuwa cikin wuraren da ba a isa zuwa ba kuma tsaftace su zuwa haske. Yana daidaita da diatoms.
Septaria ko snarto snail tare da harsashi mai lebur. Yana da saurin jinkiri, amma duk da wannan yana daidaita lafiya tare da tsara algal da Vietnamese. Shuke-shuke ba su lalata. Rashin kyau halayen ne - caviar, an rataye shi akan shimfidar wuri.
Corbicula. Wannan katon santimita uku ne. Hakanan ana kiranta kwallon Javanese rawaya ko launin zinare na zinare. Yana taimakawa jimrewar turbar ruwa, dakatarwa da fure, saboda ita fil. Wannan yana nufin cewa mollusk yana wucewa da ruwa ta kansa (har zuwa lita 5 a awa daya!), Cin ƙananan ƙuraje da ke ciki. Abin sha'awa shine, a cikin aquariums tare da carbicles, kifi ba sa wahala daga ichthyophorosis, tunda suna hana jinkirin cysts. A kan akwatin kifaye na lita 100 kuna buƙatar daga 1 zuwa 3 na waɗannan katantanwa. Abubuwan da ba su da kyau sun haɗa da huɗa ƙasa da tono ciyawa tare da tushen rauni.
Ampullaria. Ciki babban moll na biyu. Yana tattara ragowar abinci, kifayen da suka mutu da sauran katantanwa, suna cin abinci sosai daga ganuwar akwatin kifaye. Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke jawo koma baya shi ne cewa yana samar da ɗumbin sharar gida, don haka ya zama dole don sanya ƙazantaccen ƙarfi a cikin akwati tare da wannan katantanwa.
Wasalmin. Waɗannan ƙananan kyan tafarnuwa mai kyau ne. Akwai nau'ikan da yawa. Zasu iya rayuwa biyu a cikin ruwa mai kyau da kuma a cikin tafkunan gishiri. Suna ciyarwa ne kawai akan girka abinci, suna fifita launin ruwan kasa da kore. Har ma suna gasa tare da gerinoheyluses don fifikon tasiri a cikin yaƙin da ake yi da xenococus. Amma ba sa son “gemu”. Shuke-shuke ba su ganimar.
A ƙarshe, mun faɗi cewa tsarin halittar cikin ruwa na iya samun nasarar rayuwa kawai tare da taimakon mutane. Zaɓin da ya dace da daidaita kayan aiki da walƙiya, ƙaddamar da akwati mai kyau, saka idanu akai-akai kan sigogin ruwa da yanayin mazaunan suna da mahimmanci. Kifi, jatan lande da katantanwa suna taimaka wajan magance matsalar algae, kuma ba manyan haruffa ba. Tabbas, a nan mun bayyana a takaice kawai 'yan wakilan umarnin akwatin kifaye, tunda a cikin labarin daya ba shi yiwuwa a faɗi daki-daki game da duka. Za mu yi godiya don ƙarin tarawa mai ban sha'awa.
Hanyar sarrafawa da zubar da ruwan kwandon shara
Ga kowane nau'in algae, hanyar cire jagorar ta dace:
- dauko sako mai ganye tare da hannuwanku
- goge gilashi
- yi tafiya da siphon a ƙasa
- kurkura shimfidar wuri
- maye gurbin wasu ruwan.
Gaba kuma, yakar algae ana aiwatar da su ta hanyoyi daban-daban:
- daidaitawar haske
- dasa shuki mafi girma,
- gabatarwar sunadarai.
Ka tuna cewa bai isa kawai ka rusa ƙananan ciyawar ba, ya zama dole a kawar da sanadin yalwar girma.
Ksenokokus - plaque kore a jikin bangon akwatin akwatin
Tuni tare da wannan algae duk sabon shiga da ci gaban fuska. Ya bayyana daga wuce haddi a hasken rana ko awoyi mara kyau. A wannan yanayin, biomass na tsire-tsire ba ya taka rawa. Ya bayyana a cikin akwatin kifaye, duka tare da ciyawar ciyawa, kuma a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da "karin abubuwa uku".
Shawarwarin yaƙi da xenocrocus (sunan daidai shine kolekheta) janar ne: ragewa, daidaita sa'o'in hasken rana, algicide, tsaftacewar injiniya, kifin mataimaka da mollus, canje-canje na ruwa akai-akai.
Amfani da cin kifi
Kaddamar da dabbobi da ke cin ƙananan flora a hade tare da sauran matakan sarrafawa. Dabbobi masu amfani sun haɗa da:
- Mai ci Siamese algae. Yana cin zaren, xenococus da algae na diamita. Lessarancin lokaci, yana cin esean Vietnamese da gemu idan ba sauran abinci.
- Malawiyyawa cichlids. Suna cin gemar baƙi, amma kuma suna iya cin tsire-tsire mafi girma.
- Soma (ancistruses, otocincluses, plecostomy). Yayi kyau a cikin yaki da launin ruwan kasa da koren fari, amma wani lokacin kar ku damu ku ci ganyayyaki masu kauri irin na anubias da lemongrass.
- Katantanwa (ƙyallen, ampullaria, marises, coils, neretins). Brown da algae filamentous, gami da spirogyra, wanda yake da wahalar cirewa, ci.
- Kifin Viviparous (guppies, takobi, mollies, pecilia). Yin haƙuri tare da kore da launin ruwan kasa girma.
- Amano jatan lande - taimako a yaqi da zaren.