Standardariyar Amurka ta Bred Horse, ko kuma Trotter ta Amurka, ita ce mafi sauri a cikin doki a duniya. Kalmar daidaitaccen ma'anar da sunan jinsi a cikin fassara daga Turanci yana nufin "daidaitaccen nau'in". A wannan yanayin, ba muna magana ne game da daidaitaccen waje ba (wanda ke faruwa tare da kowane irin), amma game da matsayin daidaituwa, wanda aka gabatar da shi musamman don masanan Amurka. Wannan shine farkon nau'in halitta a cikin duniya wanda tashin hankali ya zama babban zaɓi na zaɓi.

A karni na 18, dawakai a Amurka sun kasance masu yaduwa sosai. An yi amfani da dawakai na safarar a cikin waɗannan ranaku biyu: na jigilar kayayyaki da fasinjoji a kan nisan nesa da kuma tafiye-tafiye masu zaman kansu a cikin canjin haske (don haka citizensan ƙasa da attajirai sun yi yawo). Karshen rukunin dawakai ba da daɗewa ba suka fito daga cikin sauran dabbobin: dawakai masu amfani da haske ba lallai ne su kasance masu ƙarfi da ƙarfi ba, suna da ƙima mai girma cikin ƙarfi. Bugu da kari, ya zama gaye tsakanin masu mallakin doki don shirya gwanayen karusa, don haka a ƙarshen ƙarni na sha takwas da farkon ƙarni na sha tara, dawakansu masu haske waɗanda aka kirkira a ƙarshe suka zama azaman farauta mai zaman kanta. Trotters gaba ɗaya sun rasa mahimmancin tattalin arziƙinsu kuma sun fara amfani da su gaba ɗaya a cikin wasanni, amma masana'antar tsere ta kasance tana fuskantar farin ciki kawai. Tun lokacin da aka fara amfani da jaka a gudu, gasa a wannan yankin ya kasance mai muni sosai, kuma amfanin doki mai kyau yana da ban mamaki. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa kiwo na Amurka trotters daga farkon fara kulawa sosai kuma an yi aiki tare da irin wannan a matakin zaɓi mafi girma.

Daga cikin magabatan Amurka trotters su ne dawakai na kwarai: Manzo (an haifeshi 1780) - wani tsaunin hawa mai tsafta wanda ke da kyakkyawar guduwa (wani lamari na musamman ga doki!), Justine Morgan (an haifeshi 1789), a veins wanda ya zub da jinin larabawa da dawakan dawakai, Belfaunder (b. 1815) shine tsibirin da ya fito daga Norfolk. Haɗarin jinin Norfolk trotters tare da jinin hawa dawakai ya haifar da fitowar dabbobi masu yawan ƙwazo a cikin zuriyarsu. Mafi shahara a cikin karni na XIX shine tsaunin Gambletonian X (an haife shi 1849), wanda ya bar fiye da 1300 kyakkyawan foals! Duk zuriyar Gambletonian X sun nuna kyakkyawan sakamako a tseren tseren, kuma jininsa yana gudana a cikin jijiyoyin dukkan tutocin Amurka na zamani.

Tun daga 1879, tseren tsere ya zama wajibi ga duk masu tsegumi na Amurka kuma kawai dawakai na wasu dalilai na ƙarfin hali suka shiga cikin ɗakin karatun. Tun daga wannan lokacin, mai gadin ya sami sunan sa na asali - ƙa'idar misali ta Amurka. An auna gudun da doki ya yi ta lokacin da za a yi tafiya mai nisa na daya daga nesa - a cikin kiwo na doki na duniya, Ingilishi Ingilishi mai nisan mil 1609 ana ɗauka don irin wannan rukunin, kuma kawai trotters waɗanda ke tafiya wannan mil da sauri fiye da minti 2 suna shiga cikin ɗakin karatun. 30 sec

Amurka trotter trotting.

A daidai wannan lokaci, an ƙirƙiri wani sabon abu daban na dawakai waɗanda aka saba da su na Amurka. Gaskiyar ita ce cewa yawancin trotters na Amurka suna iya gudu a cikin ƙwararru huɗu!

Kamar yadda ka sani, duk dawakai na iya motsawa zuwa matakai uku - mataki, trot da gallop. Wani lokacin akwai dawakai waɗanda maimakon a maimakon abin motsa jiki mara ƙarfi. Don haka, a cikin trotters na Amurka akwai yawancin amblers. An gwada su tare da trotters, amma tunda mai saurin magana yana da sauri a cikin girma fiye da lynx, an gwada masu amfani da kayan a tsere daban-daban daga masu siyayyar (an kafa musu kyaututtuka na musamman a gare su). A lokaci guda, amblers da trotters mallakar iri ɗaya ne kuma sun tsallake tsakanin su, a sakamakon haka, dawakai suka fara bayyana, wanda ke iya gudana da trotter da amble.

Don canza ma'anar dawakai, an saka belts na musamman, waɗanda ba sa barin dokin su yi tsere yayin tsere na masu maye. Irin waɗannan belts suna ƙara raunin raunin dawakai a tseren tseren keke, amma masu shirya gasar sun shahara sosai saboda yawan gudu. Godiya ga zaɓin, dawakan Amurka na yau da kullun-na zamani suna tafiya nesa ba kusa ba cikin minti biyu. Rikodin saurin duniya na trotting shine 1 min. 49, 3 sec., Amble - 1 min. 46.1 sec Don haka, saurin waɗannan kyaututtukan yayi daidai da saurin ɗan 'yanci a kan dawakai!

Wani ɗan trotter na Amurka a cikin kayan musamman yana gudana amble.

Koyaya, a cikin gwagwarmaya don saurin, shayarwa dole ne ya sadaukar da kyakkyawa ta waje. Har izuwa yanzu, babu wani ingantacciyar daidaitaccen waje a tsakanin masaniyar Amurka, dawakai tare da kusan kowane ajizanci (muddin suna gudana cikin gaggawa) an yarda suyi kiwo, don haka dawakai masu kwarjinin Amurka ba suyi haske tare da yanayin jituwa ba.

Gabaɗaya, dawakai na wannan irin sune ƙananan ƙarancin tsinkaye idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'in trotter - tsayi a ƙ theƙasasshen ya bambanta daga 153 zuwa 166 cm. Daga cikinsu zaka iya samun dabbobin da ke da wuya, kuma ya bushe sosai, kuma ana iya ginawa. Shugaban trotters na Amurka yana da ƙarami, tare da bayanin martaba kai tsaye. An dage wuyan wuyan, an yi siyar da mayukan. Kirji yana da fadi da zurfi. Jikin yana da tsayi, voluminous. A baya madaidaiciya, croup yana da fadi. Yatsun suna da ƙarfi, bushe da tsoka, tare da ingantattun jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jiki. Yawancin dawakai suna da matsayin madaidaiciyar ƙafa, amma ga waɗansu yana iya zama ba dama (ƙafar kafa ko ƙwallon ƙafa). The gashi ne takaice, da mane da wutsiya ne wajen dogon, da matsakaici yawa. Kayan da aka fi dacewa da su bay, galibin su ne ja, karak da dawakai baƙi. Kasuwancin Amurka na launin toka (wanda aka gada daga hawa dawakai) ba su da ɗanɗano, amma ana ɗaukar wannan launi mara kyau sannan suna ƙoƙarin hana irin waɗannan dawakan karye. Alamar kan kai da kafafu suma suna da wuya sosai.

Duk da irin tasirin hauhawar Ingilishi, dawakai na Amurka basu da inganci. Suna daidaita, m da rarrabewa ta hanyar madaidaici riba. Aiki tare da trotters na Amurka ba mai wahala bane. Bugu da kari, suna da wuri, Hardy, unpretentious, rarrabe ta kyakkyawan kiwon lafiya, haihuwa da kuma dukan tsawon rai. A wani lokacin, ana ɗaukar ɓarna mai ban sha'awa na trotters na Amurka a matsayin mataimaki, amma halaye masu sauri waɗanda ba su dace ba sun kawo ƙarshen wannan mahawara. A yanzu haka, trotters na Amurka ba su san daidai a tsakanin duk nau'ikan marubutan duniya!

Standardwararren dawakai na Amurka sune cikakkiyar jagora a cikin masana'antar Gudun, suna gama gari a duk ƙasashe inda ake gudanar da tsere. A bisa ga al'ada, mafi kyawun wakilan keɓaɓɓu ana haihuwar su kuma ana gwada su a Amurka - jihohin Pennsylvania da Kentucky ana iya kiransu "Makka" na kiɗan dawakai na Amurka. Hakanan, babban dabbakun dabbobin dawakai na Amurka da aka tanada sun mai da hankali ne a cikin Kanada, Australia, New Zealand, Italiya, Denmark, Sweden. Babban kyautar ga masarautar Amurka ana kiranta "Gambletonian" (don girmamawa ga almara), kuma an sayar da wakilan mafi tsada a tsakanin dala miliyan 5.25 (trotter Mystic Park) da kuma dala miliyan 19.2 (Mai ba da labari mai ban dariya).

Karanta game da dabbobin da aka ambata a wannan labarin: dawakai na dawakai, dawakai na larabawa.

Tarihin gado

Troasar doki ta Amurka ba ta fita ta daban ba saboda yanayin aikinta na waje. Bayyanar dabbobi za su iya zama dabam dabam. Babban mahimmancin dangantakar asali shine daidai rawar dawakai. Daga farkon bayyanar irin waɗannan trotters, kawai waɗanda daga cikinsu waɗanda ke da ikon yin tafiyar mil ɗaya a cikin lokaci ba su wuce 2 da minti 30 seconds ba waɗanda aka shigar a cikin dakin karatun.

Irin wannan ya samo asali ne daga Amurka ta karni na XVIII. A wannan lokacin, dawakai sun kasance suna amfani dasu sosai akan gona, kuma an rarraba dabbobi duka kashi biyu, gwargwadon dalilin ,:

1. Aiki mai nauyi. An yi amfani da su don ɗaukar manyan kaya, suna tafiya mai nisa.
2. Haske. Irin waɗannan dabbobin an daɗaɗa su ne kawai zuwa ga masu iya canza hasken.

Grouparshen rukunin na ƙarshe an yaba shi da sauri don haɓaka haɓaka, yayin da ƙarfi da ƙarfin gwiwa suka ragu a baya.

A hankali, aka fara tura dawakai mara nauyi ba don tsere na karusa ba, wanda a karshen karni na 18 ya zama sananne musamman. Irin waɗannan gasa-kullun suna tare da manyan fare. Wannan ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa kowane mai shayarwa ya ba da duk ƙarfinsa don ci gaban masanikin sa don riba. Sakamakon haka, a farkon karni na 19, an raba dawakai a cikin rukuni daban kuma ana amfani dasu musamman a wasanni.

Yayin cigaba da zabin, halayen dabbobin sun kasance masu goge kullun. Munyi amfani da dawakan larabawa, dawakan Norfolk, mazan Kanada da sauran wasu nau'ikan dabbobi. Sakamakon kiwo shine dokin dawakai na Amurka, magabacin da ake ganin ya zama almara, shahararren mai tsere Gambletonian X.

An kirkiro littafin ƙa'idar layi a shekarar 1871. The official sunan irin Standartbrednaya an gyara shi kawai a cikin 1879. An zaba shi bisa ga gaskiyar cewa dabbobi ne kawai ke haɗuwa da yanayin ƙarfinsu ana ɗaukar su tsarkakakke. Daga 1931, wakilan masu kiwo sun fara shigowa cikin dakin karatun bisa la’akari da asalinsu.

Bayyanar

Tun da doki na Amurka ya sami ci gaba tare da fifita kan gudu kawai, masu shayarwa sunyi watsi da fitowar ta. A sakamakon haka, waɗannan dawakan ba su da alamun fasali na waje.

Fitowar trotter na Amurka

Gabaɗaya, trotter ɗin Amurka shine babban dabba. Tsawonta a ƙusoshin sa ya kai santimita 145-166. Tsarin daskararru na iya zama maras nauyi, babba, ko busasshe gabaɗaya. Bayanin halayen dawakai sun hada da:

• tsawaita gidaje
• kirji mai zurfi
• matsakaici ya bushe
• madaidaiciya tare da ƙaramin lanƙwasa na baya,
• fadi da yawa
• Dogon wuya,
• karamin kai tare da bayanin martaba kai tsaye,
• ƙaƙƙarfan bushe kafafu tare da tsokoki masu haɓaka da jijiyoyi,
• dogon mane da wutsiya.

Tunani. Hakanan halayyar irin shine sifar kafafu. A cikin dabbobi daban-daban, yana iya zama kai tsaye ko tare da karamin kwancen kafa. Ba a dauki irin wannan lokacin a matsayin kasala ba.

Har ila yau, kwat da wando na dawakin Amurka yana ba da damar halaye da yawa. Mafi sau da yawa, launi na wakilan sa. Yana iya haɗawa da inuwa da yawa ko haɗuwa daga ciki. Lessarancin da ba a gama sani ba sune dabbobi masu launuka masu launin ja ko baƙi. A wasu halaye, dawakai masu launin launin toka sun zo wucewa, amma ana ɗaukar shi maras so kuma yawanci ba a yarda irin waɗannan halittu masu rai don ƙarin kiwo ba.

Halin

A yayin zabin, an yi amfani da adadi daban-daban na dawakai daban-daban, kowannensu yana ɗaukar halayen mutum, kuma koyaushe ba mai kyau bane. Don haka, dawakan turanci da aka yi amfani da su a aikin an bambanta su da kwaɗayinsu da mawuyacin horarwar.

Amma duk da wannan, masu shayarwa har yanzu sun sami nasarar kawar da kasawar wasu daga cikin nau'ikan asali. Sakamakon haka, yanayin yanayin ƙarancin-kiwo ya juya ya zama mai nutsuwa, mai sa'a, mai daidaitawa. Irin wadannan halittu masu rai babu makawa suna saurara ga maigidan kuma suna koyo cikin sauri, bugu da kari, dabbar tana yin abokantaka da sauran dawakai kuma ba tare da tsangwama ba.

Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani na irin

An rarraba trotter na Amurka ko'ina a duniya. Har yanzu, babban abin dawakai an fi mai da hankali a Amurka, amma kuma ana samun nasarar yin sahun su a cikin Kanada, Australia, New Zealand, Denmark. Tabbas, dawakai suna da irin wannan sanannen sananniyar fa'ida ga fa'idodi da yawa, babba waɗanda daga cikinsu akwai masu zuwa:

• wasa
• ƙarfin hali,
• jure wa mutane da yawa cututtuka halayyar dawakai,
• mai natsuwa, daidaito,
• babban darajar haihuwa,
• tsawon dawakai.

Amurka trotter kwantar da hankula da kuma Hardy

Har ila yau fadada jerin damar farkon balagagge dabbobi. Kusan duk bayanan duniya na mallakar ɗarikar Amerikanci ana saita su ne ta hanyar shekaru 3 zuwa 4. Tuni yana da shekaru 3, doki ya zama cikakke kuma yana shirye don shiga cikin wasanni.

Wani muhimmin mahimmanci shine cewa yawancin waɗannan trotters zasu iya amfani da nau'ikan nau'ikan gait 4. Ga yawancin dawakai, guda 3 ne kawai suke samu:

Amma tunda Canadian amblers ma shiga cikin kiwo na wannan doki iri-iri, su magada kuma iya yawo amblers. Don amfani da wannan damar, masu mallakar dabbobi sun haɓaka belts na musamman waɗanda ke iyakance juji. Gasar amble tsakanin ɗakunan gargaɗin Amurka yana da wuya saboda haɗarin rauni.

Rashin daidaituwa

Daga gazawar irin wannan, an bambanta yanayinsu da kazantattu tun farko. Yawancin shayarwa sun mai da hankali ga irin wannan matsalar. Amma akan lokaci, da banbancin dabarar dabbobi har yanzu ya maye gurbin ƙarancin waje kuma an share shi daga jerin gazawar.

Hakanan, kodayake dabbar sananne ce don rashin fassararsa, ana buƙatar wasu yanayi don samun sakamako mafi girma daga irin waɗannan dawakai kuma don jin lafiya. Suna buƙatar samar da madaidaiciyar wurin kulawa, kazalika da horarwa na musamman waɗanda ke taimakawa kiyaye sautin wurin tsayawa.

Daidai nau'in-dawakai na dawakai ana kiransa da mafi kyawun trotter a duniya. Wadannan dabbobin sun amintar da mafi yawan tarihin rayuwar duniya a tsere tare da kungiyoyin haske. A cikin wannan wasanni ana amfani dasu a yau. Bugu da kari, ana amfani da trotters na Amurka sau da yawa don inganta wasu layin tsayin daka, wanda ke kara darajar su. Ana iya samun sakamako mai mahimmanci daga dabbar idan kawai an ba dabba da halayen tsarewa da horarwa masu dacewa.

Tarihin faruwar lamarin

An doki wannan doki a Amurka, ta hanyar mawuyacin kiwo na nau'in haihuwa. An yi amfani da dawakan purebred wajen kiwo. Daidai kamar, da sauran nau'ikan dabbobi. Ya kamata a sani cewa babban rawar da aka samu a cikin samar da irin na Amurka an yi ta ne ta hanyar hawa doki, wanda ke mallakar dawakai.

Ya dauki nauyin aiki a duk lokacin fucking na nau'ikan jinsi daban daban, ya lashe wasanni takwas daga cikin goma sha hudu da suka faru. Shekaru ashirin, tun daga Afrilu 1788, bayan da aka kawo shi Philadelphia, an yi amfani dashi a Amurka a matsayin wurin kiwo. Haka kuma, wannan dokin, cikin adalci yace, an tsallaka ne kawai da zina na musamman. Shekaru ashirin na kiwo, tare da taimakonsa, an samo wani reshe na musamman na trotters, wanda ta yanayin halayensu da ƙarfinsu, ba su san takwarorinsu ba.

Manzo Stallion

Kiwo daidaitattun abubuwa

A cikin ingantattun ka'idodin kiwo, tsarin girma da horarwa masu inganci waɗanda kwararru keyi suna da mahimmanci. Jigilar gwaji na wajibi kuma, ba shakka, zaɓi ba shi da mahimmanci.

A cikin Amurka, a cikin gonaki masu yawa na masana'antar, ana haɓaka foals daga masana'antun da suka fi dacewa. Suna girma a wurin har sai sun cika shekara ɗaya da rabi, bayan haka ana sayar da su.

Horar da dawakai don gwaji na tseren tsere daga masu horar da kwararru ne. Ana aiwatar dashi a depot horo na musamman. Wani dokin Amurka mai tsalle, wanda ya kai shekaru biyu, dole ne ya rufe hanya ta 1609 a cikin aƙalla 2 minti 15 na sakanni. Amblers dole ne ya fi wasa.Idan sakamakon tsere bai gamsu ba, to ba za a yi amfani da doki a filin tseren dawakai ba. Don haka, ana buƙatar matakin da ake buƙata na tashin hankali na dutse.

A halin yanzu, trotters na Amurka sun kasu kashi biyu, gwargwadon girman da suke tafiya da shi. Amblers ana ɗauka su ne na farko, kuma masu baƙi zuwa na biyu. A cikin kowannensu akwai masana'antun da suka ba da zuriya masu inganci.

A cikin layi na amblers, waɗannan sune Direct, Abbadale da Nible Hanover. Kuma tare da trotters, Volomite, Scotland da Axworthy ana ɗauka irin wannan.

Daidaitattun abubuwa na yau da kullun suna da banbanci da juna a nau'in jiki da girma. Wannan bambance bambancen shine saboda gaskiyar cewa sau da yawa ana gudanar da zaɓin ne kawai ta hanyar wasa, kuma na waje, alal misali, ba mahimmanci bane.

Taranti na Amurka a Rasha

A Rasha, a farkon farkon karni na 20, a mafi girman shahararrun 'yan wasan Oryol, waɗanda ba su san yadda aka yi nasara ba, waɗanda suka bambanta da ƙarfinsu da saurinsu. Gloryaukaka game da su sun bazu cikin Turai. Ya kasance a wancan zamani, musamman ga gasa tare da Oryol trotters, cewa dawakai-bred farauta an fara kawo su Rasha daga Amurka. Wannan sunan baƙon abu bane ga kunnen Rasha, don haka ba da daɗewa ba a sake maimaita musu sunan masaniyar Amurka. Nan da nan suka zama masu gwagwarmaya na dawakan Oryol masu tseren dawakai, waɗanda ba su san daidai ba a duk Turai. Kwando na Amurka a Rasha a kowane nesa ya fara farko.

Kiwo Rasha trotter

Saboda nasarar da dawakan kera kerawa, masu shayar da doki na Rasha sun sami dabarun inganta haxakar marassa lafiyar Orlov ta hanyar ketare su da Amurkawa. Wannan shi ne yadda aka fara tsarin kiwo Rasha. 'Yan wasan Alvin, Bob Douglas da Janar Eych, waɗanda suka yi babbar jita-jita, da kuma wasu wakilan ƙungiyar masu bi, an tsallaka su tare da mashin Oryol. Bayan haka, su da kansu da kuma ƙarshen mestizos sun zama zuriya daga cikin dokin tsere na Rasha.

Gumbletonian Stallion

Isarwa na biyu

Don isasshen tsawon lokaci, farawa daga yakin basasa har zuwa shekarun 60s, ba a sayi ɓoyayyiyar ma'ana ba. Bukatar a gare su ya bayyana lokacin da masu kiwo na Soviet suka yanke shawarar ƙara yawan wasa na trotter na Rasha. Kuma a shekara ta 1966, an yi jigilar dawakai na biyu na dawakai masu ƙyalli. Da farko, dawakan da masanan shayar Soviet suka saya a gonar ingarma na Zlynsky, sannan suka koma Maikop GZK, da ke kudu nesa. Tun da daɗewa ba ta juye ta koma gona ba, wani ɓangare na abubuwan ɓacin ran da ke can ana jigilar su ga Kwamitin Kwastam na Kwastan da aka kirkira dominsu.

Daga cikin trotters na Amurka da aka saya a cikin 60s akwai Low Hanover, wanda, fiye da sauran, ya ba da gudummawa don haɓaka aikin kwando na Rasha. Daga gare shi aka haife mafi girma yawan trotters tare da gaske babban agility.

Yin tsere a tseren tseren

Isarwa na uku

Koyaya, zuriyar masu zuwa ta ƙarancin ƙazamar ƙazamar ƙarfi ba zasu iya riƙe ƙarfin jiki ba a matakin da ake buƙata, kuma masu shayar da dawakai sun yanke shawarar siyan wasu nau'in ƙarancin zatan. Deliveryaddamarwa na uku na trotters na Amurka zuwa Rasha ya kasance mafi nasara. A wancan lokacin, an kawo dawakai masu yawan gaske da yawa daga Amurka. Ba wai kawai an ƙetare waɗannan matattakaic tare da trotters na Rasha ba, har ma sun kasance suna haifar da ƙa'idodi na yau da kullun. Mafi shahara daga cikin waɗannan shi ne Repriz. Ya kasance sananne a matsayin mafi kyawun mai kayatarwa, saboda wannan sandar ta kwat da wando ta ba fiye da ɗarukan kwastomomi ɗari ɗari na aji na 2.05. Daga gare shi ne da 'yar Low Hanover, wanda aka kawo a cikin 60s daga Amurka zuwa Sorrento, wanda aka amince da shi a matsayin mafi kyawun masaniyar Amurka wanda aka samar a Rasha. Hakanan sanannun zuriya na Reprise sune Grotto da Nut.

Tare da shi, an kawo Gallant Pro zuwa USSR. Rangout mai duhu-bay mai, wanda aka haife shi daga shi kuma 'yar Reprise Rhetoric, na iya gasa tare da sunan Sorrento. Shekaru hudu ya kasance na farko a yawan kyaututtukan kyautar da aka karɓa domin gasar. A Hippodrome ta Tsakiya, Rangout ya kasance na biyu ga babu. A can ya lashe kusan dukkanin mahimman lambobin yabo. Babban muhimmin nasara na Rangout ana ɗauka shine rikodin da ya kafa lokacin da ya shiga cikin "Babban Kyautar". Ya gudanar da nisa a cikin minti 1 59 59 seconds. Haka kuma, lokacin da mast suka ƙetare hanyar 2400 m a tsayi ana ɗauka cikakken rikodin shi. Ya zama mintuna 3 02.0 seconds.

The kama da Rasha da Amurka trotters

Alaka tsakanin Rasha da Amurkawa waɗanda aka haifa a Rasha suna da ban mamaki kawai. A zahiri, suna da bambanci iri ɗaya kuma ba su da ƙima ga ƙa'idodi daga Amurka da ƙasashen Turai cikin azama, duk da cewa a Rasha suna shiga cikin gasa a kan daidaitawa, yayin da Oryol maza ke gasa tare da juna.

A Rasha, magadan dukkan masana'antun Amurka shine Speedy Crown. Daga shi ne Prakas wanda aka haifeshi, makamin wanda ya kafa tarihin duniya. Yanzu a cikin Rasha, ana tanƙwara masarar Amurka fiye da gonaki 15 na dawakai.

A halin yanzu, mafi kyawun masanan Amurka waɗanda aka haifa a Rasha sune Lemur, Prelate da Fir'auna. Lemur riga yana da shekaru uku ya nuna cikakken rikodin. Ya rufe waƙar mita 1,600 a cikin minti 1, 59 seconds. An yi nasarar gabatar da wa'azin ne a kan gudu a gida da waje. Ya bambanta kansa a cikin gasa a Jamus, inda a nesa na 1600 m ya sadu a cikin minti 2. A cikin Rasha, ya rufe hanyar waƙa na 2400 a cikin mintuna 3, sakan 3.0. Fir'auna shine mai mallakar lambobin yabo da yawa. Lokacin da ya rufe bakin nisan mita 1,600 ya kasance minti 2 da sakan 0.4.

Amma ko da menene, an san dawakin tseren Amurka a matsayin matsayin mai sauri da ƙarfi a cikin duniya, kuma har ya zuwa yanzu ba a sami damar haifar da madaidaicin nau'in ba.

General halaye

Irin wannan ana kiransa ingantaccen bred, bayan 1879 kawai dawakai dauke da wani irin karfin hali aka shigar dasu cikin littattafan ingarma: trotters suna bukatar yin tafiyar mil (1609 m) a cikin kasa da mintuna 2 da dakika 30, da kuma amblers - cikin mintuna 2 25 seconds. An buga littafin farko na sabon kiwo a cikin 1871, kuma bayan shekaru takwas, sunansa na yanzu an kafa shi don kafa - ƙyalli (ƙyalli)Ya tsaya), a ma'anar fassarar "an samu ta hanyar daidaitacce."

'' Amurkawa '' an yi bayani ne ta hanyar gaskiyar cewa asalin wannan nau'in ya koma tseren tsauni. Lokacin da ake kiwon kiwo, an kuma yi amfani da tutocin Norfolk, masu kula da Kanada, larabawa, dawakai Barbari da Morgan. An yi imanin cewa duk trotters na Amurka na zamani suna da magabata ɗaya - bay Gambletonian X (Gambletonian Rysdick).

Tunda lokacin da ake fara wannan kiwo ta hanyar masu shayar da dawakai, ba a sanya ci gaba da bayanan waje a kan gaba ba, daidaitattun hanyoyin ba su da bayyananniyar waje da hane-hane. Dawakai na wannan irin daga 142 zuwa 163 cm tsayi, wani lokacin ma har ya fi tsayi. Ta fuskar waje, tsarin misali yakan zama kamar wasan tsere mai zurfi tare da dan bayan baya da ya fi guntu.

Ya fi dacewa - da farko bay, launin ruwan kasa, ja, karakova, ƙasa da baki da launin toka. Fewan dawakai kaɗan da fararen fata. Dawakai masu launin toka galibi suna ƙoƙarin hana kiwo.