Mala'ikun Moray sune manyan kifin maciji da aka sani da yanayin dabi'unsu. Kusan nau'ikan nau'ikan mayu 200 suna da haɗin kai a cikin iyali mai baƙin ciki.
Iyalin dangin da suke gaji ba su da mafitsara a ruwa, kamar kuma ƙashin kansa na ciki da na ciki. Suna motsawa ta amfani da dorsal dorsal da fin fin.
Duk nau'ikan maɓuɓɓugan karkara suna da girma: ƙarami ya kai tsawon 60 cm kuma yana nauyin 8-10 kg, kuma mafi girma giram ɗin duniya ya kai 3.75 m a tsayi kuma yana nauyin 40 kg!
Jikin sheki na fari ya kasance ba dadewa ba, dan kadan kwane-kwane ne a gefe, amma ba shi da lebur. Koma jikinta yayi kyau, sannan tsakiyar da gaban jikinshi yayi dan kankanin kauri.
Dukda cewa karancin wadannan kifayen basa nan gaba daya, fin din ma ya sanya ya zama duk tsawon jikin mutum. Koyaya, kalilan ne ke iya ganin ɓoɓo mai banƙyama a cikin duk darajarta, a mafi yawan lokuta jikinta yana ɓoye a cikin duwatsun duwatsu, kuma kai kawai take buɗewa.
Rayafin bakin kwarya yana haɗe da mummunan magana, bakinsa kusan a buɗe yake, kuma manyan haƙoran haƙora na iya gani a ciki. Wannan hoton da ba a nuna son kai ba ya zamanto lokaci ne don wulakanta wahalar cikin maciji da tsokanar sa. A zahiri, bayanin da ke kan mayyar fari ba mai muni bane kamar daskararre, saboda waɗannan kifayen suna cikin bashin, suna da mutuƙar tsammani daga ganima.
Mala'ikun mora sukan zauna tare da bakinsu a bude, saboda suna numfashi ta wurin shi, saboda a cikin matsatsin matsugunin kwararar ruwa zuwa hanun ke da wuya. Saboda wannan, bakin mai bakin fure yana fenti, don haka buɗe bakin ba a bayyane yake da asalin asalin girgizar bishiyar motley.
Akwai karancin hakora a cikin mayuka masu rauni (23-28), suna zaune a layi daya kuma suna birgima kadan-kadan, a cikin jinsin da suka kware wajen kama kifin, hakora basu da kaifi, wannan yana bada damar morays ya murkushe harsasai.
Mala'ikun Moray suna zaune shi kaɗai kuma suna bin shafuka na dindindin. A lokuta da dama, lokacin da aka sami dama da yawa a kusa, mayukan bakin ciki zasu iya rayuwa tare da juna, amma wannan yanki ne mai haɗari, ba abota ba.
Moraine moraine wani yanki ne mai ban mamaki na fushi da tawali'u.
Mala'ikan dabi'un suna daga cikin shahararrun magabatn halittar murjani: a cewar bayanan kimiya, sunada kusan kashi 40 cikin dari na dukkan kifayen da suke cin nama. Koyaya, haɗuwa da su ba karamin wuya ba ne. Dalili kuwa shine, sabanin kifin zaki, mai girki, mackerel, sharks da sauran masu ƙaddara, suna jagorantar tsarin rayuwa.
Dukkanin nau'ikan maɓoɓukan ruɓaɓɓen mayuka ne. Suna ciyar da kifi, dunƙule, urchins na teku, octopuse, cuttlefish.
Morayus saƙo suna mamaye ganima, suna jan hankalinsa da shagunan hanci irinsu tsutsotsi na polychaete. Da zaran wanda abin ya faru ya kusan isa nesa, matsanancin motsi tare da walƙiya yana jefa gaban gaban sa ya kama wanda aka kama.
Tabkataccen bakin bakin mai ciyawa bai dace da haɗiye ganima gabaɗaya ba, saboda haka, waɗannan kifayen sun haɓaka wata dabara ta musamman don yankan ganima. A saboda wannan, mayukan moray suna amfani da ... wutsiya!
Bayan ya sa wutsiya kusa da duwatsun duwatsun, ana haɗa shi da zahiri, yana jan ƙwan zuwa kai tare da ƙanƙantar tsoka, yayin da matsi a cikin kashin muƙamuƙi yana ƙaruwa da yawa kuma kifin yana jan nama daga jikin wanda aka azabtar. Wannan hanyar kuma ta dace da kama mai ƙarfi wanda aka azabtar (alal misali, dorinar ruwa).
Gabaɗaya, mayunnun mutane masu hankali ne amma ba masu zubar da jini bane. Abubuwan wasu al 'umma tsarkakakku ne a gare su.
Don haka bakin mala'iku basa cin karo da karamin kifi na gubans na tsabtatawa, wanda ke tsabtace fata da bakinsu daga tarkace abinci da kuma gurɓataccen abinci. Saboda dalilai iri ɗaya, ba sa taɓa jatan jabu. Shrimps ana samun su sau da yawa a kan fuskoki na bakin ciki wanda yana da wuya a iya tunanin waɗannan kifayen ba tare da 'yan ɗaki ba.
Haɓakar ƙwayoyin moray, kamar mala'iku, ba a fahimta sosai. Wasu nau'in dioecious, wasu suna canza jima'i bi da bi - daga namiji zuwa mace (alal misali, kintinkiri rhinomera).
Ana kiran mayukan Moray a cikin 'leptocephalus', kamar su larvae eel. Leptocephals na Moraine suna da kai mai zagaye da kuma farin caudal fin, jikinsu gaba daya yayi kyau, kuma tsawon lokacin haihuwar ba komai ya kai mm 7-10.
Yana da matukar wahalar ganin irin wannan tsutsa cikin ruwa, Bugu da kari, leptocephalans suna iyo da yardar kaina kuma igiyoyin ruwa suna ɗauke da shi nesa ba kusa ba. Ta haka ne, yaduwar zazzagewa na fari.
Lokacin tsalle-tsalle yana ɗaukar watanni 6-10, lokacin ne lokacin leptocephalus ke tsiro kuma ya fara jagorancin rayuwa mai tsayi.
Mala'ikun Mori sun kai ga balaga ta shekaru 4-6. Ba a kafa zamanin rayuwar waɗannan kifaye ba, amma yana da tsawo. Amintacce ne sananne cewa yawancin nau'ikan suna iya rayuwa fiye da shekaru 10.
Lallai maƙiyi ba shi da ɓacin rai. Da fari dai, ana kiyaye su ta matsugunai na yau da kullun waɗanda kifayen nan suke cinye yawancin rayuwarsu. Abu na biyu, ba kowa bane ke son yin gwagwarmaya tare da babban kifi mai ƙarfi wanda ke da haƙoran haƙora.
Idan a lokacin yin iyo (kuma wannan yana faruwa sau tari), wani kifi yana bin ɓoyayyen ƙwayar cuta, to yana ƙoƙarin ɓoyewa a cikin girmar da ke kusa. Wasu nau'ikan za su iya tserewa daga mahangar, suna rarrafe zuwa nesa nesa ba kusa ba.
Kamar yawancin nau'ikan marine, mayukan bakin ciki suna samun nasara sosai cikin hanyoyin ruwa, amma galibi ba su da yawa. Akwatin kifaye tare da halartar waɗannan kifin mai daɗi da ke tattare da zurfin teku yana da ban sha'awa musamman.
Sun fi so su mamaye kayan kwalliya da kayan kwalliya, wanda zasu iya dacewa da duka kuma, idan ya cancanta, kai tsaye ku kai hari kai tsaye daga mafaka.
Mala'ikun moray suna rayuwa cikin kyau a cikin akwatin kifaye, matsaloli zasu iya tasowa kawai idan masu yuwuwar cutar ta bayyana a ciki.
Dole ne a rufe akwatin kifaye don hana yiwuwar tserewa na bakin mayuka. Fishe suna buƙatar samar da abinci mai bambanci, ingancin ruwa mai karɓa da kuma adadin ɗakuna masu yawa. Idan aka cika waɗannan sharuɗɗan, ɓoyayyiyar ƙasa za ta kasance cikin nutsuwa na tsawon shekaru a cikin bauta har ma da shekarun da suka gabata.
Ina so in san komai
Ba na tsammanin kowa zai burge shi ta hanyar sha'awar bayyanar ruɓaɓɓen mayuka - duk da, sau da yawa, launi mai kyau na jikinta, bayyanar wannan kifin abin ƙi ne. Haske na kananan idanu, bakin da ba ya da haushi tare da allurar hakora, jikin sahun jiki da kuma yanayin rashin lalacewar mayu duk basu da alaqa da abokantaka.
Bari muyi ƙoƙarin sanin mafi kyawun wannan kifin mai ban sha'awa da ban sha'awa a cikin hanyarsa. Zai yiwu halinmu game da ita, aƙalla kaɗan, zai yi zafi.
Moray malami (Muraena) suna cikin asalin kifayen daga gidan kuraje (Muraenidae). Kimanin nau'ikan nau'ikan moray 200 na rayuwa a tekun Tekun Duniya. Yawancinsu sun fi son ruwan dumi na yankuna masu zafi da kuma yankunan ƙasa. Yawancin majiɓincin muryoyin murjani da duwatsun ruwa.
Sau da yawa ana samunsa cikin Bahar Maliya, rayuwa a cikin Bahar Rum. A cikin Bahar Maliya, dusar ƙanƙan dusar ƙanƙan daji, moraine-zebra, geometric moray, tauraruwa, farare-mai walƙiya, da kyawawan abubuwan moray eel suna zaune. Mafi girma daga cikinsu shine goge goge, matsakaiciyar tsayinsa ya kai 180 cm.
Tekun Bahar Rum a cikin Tekun Bahar Rum ya kai mita 1.5 a tsawon sa. Hoto nata ne ya kasance almara ga tatsuniyoyi da tatsuniyoyi game da waɗannan kifayen da ake tsammani tare da wata alama ta dabam.
Don zama na dindindin, zaɓi ɓarna a cikin duwatsun, mafaka a cikin ɓarna na dutse, gabaɗaya - wuraren da za ku dogara da dogayen ɓoye mai tsoka. Yana zaune galibi a cikin kasan tekuna.
Bayyanannin fari na bakinn mayu ya zama sananne ga kowa. Dogo, jikin maciji, tsirara ne cikakke kuma marasa nauyin sikeli, an rufe shi da gamsai, wanda yake mai dafi ne a cikin wasu nau'ikan. Slime yana taimaka wa kwaliyar kunama ta tashi daga murfin lokacin farauta, yana rage rage tsayayya da ruwa.
Kari akan haka, jikin da ya rufe da kahon farin ciki shine yafi sauki a matse cikin kunkuntar burkutu da murkushewar mahaukata, wanda mayukan bakin ciki suke amfani dashi azaman matsuguni da zama.
Guba da ke kunshe a cikin gamsar fata wasu tsoffin mayuka suna ɗauke da aiyukan kariya, suna kiyaye jiki daga cututtukan fata da maƙiya iri-iri. Taba jikin waɗannan irin mayukan mayuka na iya haifar mutum ya ƙone akan fatar.
Launin jikin mutum camouflage ne, yayi dai-dai da shimfidar wuri mai kewaye. Mafi sau da yawa, mayn fari suna fentin cikin duhu launin ruwan hoda ko launin toka mai launin toka tare da aibobi waɗanda ke haifar da nau'in marmara a jiki. Akwai launuka masu monotonously, har ma da farin mutane.
Tunda bakin bakin bakin yana da girma babba, ana fentin fuskar ta ta dace da launi ta jiki don kar ta fashe da shesshekar kunne yayin bude baki. Kuma bakin mai bakin ɓacin rai kusan a buɗe yake. Yin ɗebo ruwa ta hanyar buɗe bakin zuwa cikin abubuwan buɗe ido, mayukan moru suna haɓaka samun isashshen oxygen a jiki.
Shugaban yana ɗaukar ƙarami, har ma da fiɗaɗɗar ƙwayar ruɓi, idanu masu daɗi. Bayan idanun wasu ƙananan ramuka ne, wanda a ciki akwai yawanci duhu.
Buɗaɗɗen hanci da na bayan fitsari a cikin mayukan morey suna a saman ɓangaren hancin - na farkon ana wakilta su ta hanyar buɗewa mai sauƙi, na biyu a wasu nau'in yana da siffar shambura, kuma a wasu - ganye. Idan moel eel “toshe” hanci yake buɗewa, ba za ta iya samun wanda aka cutar da shi ba.
Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na moray eels shine rashin harshe. Powerfularfin faifansu suna zaune tare da haƙoran 23-28 na haƙoran firam ko haƙoran shuɗe-goge, mai goge baya, wanda ke taimaka wa abokan hamayya don riƙe tarko.
A kusan dukkanin mayuka masu lalacewa, an shirya hakora a layi daya, ban da na kore na Atlantika, wanda a ciki ƙarin lamuran hakora suke a ƙashin palatine.
Mala'ikun Moray suna da dogaye masu hakora. A cikin wasu nau'ikan mayuka masu lalacewa, a cikin abincin da dabbobi suke da siffar-ƙwallayen fata - rinjaye, katako, hakora suna da siraran dishewa. Tare da waɗannan hakora, yana da sauƙin rarrabawa da niƙa da babbar kariyar ganima. Mala'ikun mora basu da guba. Sakamakon duk mayun mayuka masu iko ne, babba.
Fasusuwan da ke cikin guda biyu ba su ɓata, kuma ragowar - ƙarancin baya, jijiyoyi da caudal sun haɗa su ɗaya, suna jingina da baya na jiki, jirgin ƙasa.
Mala'ikun moray na iya isa masu girma da yawa. A cewar kafofin da yawa, tsayin su na iya zama 2.5 har ma fiye da mita 3 (mafi girma a duniya mafi girma moray eel Thyrsoidea macrura). Individualsaya daga cikin mita mita ɗaya da rabi suna yin nauyin kilogram 8-10. Abin sha’awa ne, mazan suna karami da kwazo fiye da na mace. Ga ƙasa mai ƙarfi !, tare da nauyin 40 kg. Daga cikin mayukan morey akwai kuma kananan halittu wadanda tsawonsu bai wuce dozin santimita ba. Matsakaicin matsakalar mayr moras da akasari aka samo ta wurin bambancin kusan mita daya ne.
A matsayinka na mai mulki, maza kadan ne kan mata.
Moray eels caviar irin. A watannin hunturu, sukan taru a cikin ruwa mara zurfi, inda hadi ya hadu da ƙwai na mata da kayan jima'i maza. Qwai da ƙyanƙyalen ƙwaya na ɓacin rai na motsawa cikin ruwa ta hanyar ruwan teku kuma ya shimfiɗa babban yankin ruwan.
Abokan gaba baƙi sune masu farauta, abincinsu yana da ƙananan dabbobin ƙasa daban-daban - karnuka, crustaceans, cephalopods, musamman octopuses, kifin teku mai matsakaici har ma da urchins teku.
Suna samun abinci galibi da daddare. Suna kwanto a hanun, masu birgima suna lura da abin da ake nema, suna tsalle daga ita tare da kibiya idan wani wanda aka azabtar ya bayyana cikin isa, kuma ya kama shi da haƙoran haƙoransu.
A lokacin rana tsayayyun mala'iku suna zaune a mazauninsu - ɓoyayyun duwatsu da murjani, a tsakanin manyan duwatsun da sauran wuraren adana halitta da wuya farauta.
Ganinta lokacin moray ya wuce tare da wanda aka zalunta ya zama mara daɗi. Nan da nan sai ta karya ganima tare da dogon haƙoranta cikin kananan ƙananan kuma a cikin al'amura na lokuta daga wanda aka azabtar akwai kawai abubuwan tunani.
Mala'ikun mora na iya yin farauta ba kawai daga 'yan kwanto ba. Mafi kyawun kulawar mafi yawan mayyar mayuka shine dorinar ruwa. Don bin wannan dabba mai rauni, ƙwayar motsi tana korar shi zuwa "kusurwa" - wani nau'in tsari ko ɓoyewa, kuma, yana jingina kansa ga jikinta mai laushi, yana zubar da guntu-guntu, yana farawa daga alfarwar, har sai ya kakkarya zuwa ƙaramin yanki ya ci ba tare da wata alama ba.
Eanan ƙaramar morey eels za a iya hadiye su baki ɗaya, kamar macizai. Lokacin da zazzage wani sashin jiki daga babban wanda aka azabtar, mai tsananin bakin ciki, yakan taimaka wa kansa wutsiya, wanda, a matsayin liba, yana kara karfin jijiyoyin sa.
Hanyar farauta ta amfani da malalar hanci ta hanci. Waɗannan ƙananan wakilai na mayu masu rarrafe ne ana kiransu don haka saboda fitattun ƙananan akan jawansu na sama. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin hanci, suna canzawa cikin gudanawar ruwa, suna kama da tsutsotsi na teku masu rauni - polychaete. Nau'in “ganima” yana jan hankalin ƙananan kifaye, waɗanda da sauri suka zama ganima ga maharbi ɓoye.
Game da neman abinci, mayu masu rauni, kamar yawancin magabatan gari, sun dogara da irin warin da suke ji. Haskensu ya bunkasa ne sosai, kuma ko da dare shi ne mataimaki mara kyau a cikin neman abinci. Za'a iya jin 'yar motsi a nesa mai nisa.
Rashin sanin kifayen masu haɗari ga mutane sun shiga cikin matsanancin raɗaɗi tun zamanin da.
A cikin tsohuwar Roma, 'yan ƙasa masu daraja sukan shagaltar da mayu a cikin wuraren waha, ana noma su saboda cin - naman waɗannan kifin ya sami yabo sosai saboda irin tasirin da yake da shi. Da sauri suna fahimtar iya ƙarfin jijiyoyin wuya su zama masu tayar da hankali, Romawa masu daraja suna amfani da su azaman kayan aiki don azabtar da bayi masu laifi, kuma wani lokacin sukan jefa mutane cikin baƙin ciki tare da baƙin ƙarfe na musamman don nishaɗi.
Da gaske - oh, sau. Oh hali.
Muren, kafin shirya irin wannan azabtarwa ko abubuwan kallo, an ci gaba da fama da yunwa. Lokacin da mutum ya bayyana a cikin tafkin, sun kai masa hari kuma, sun rataye shi akan wanda aka azabtar, kamar bulldogs, sun girgiza jawabansu, suna toshe naman.
Akwai ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da haɗarin lalacewa mai lalacewa ga mutane a cikin mazauninsu na asali. Wasu masu binciken sunyi la'akari da shi dabba mai isasshen lafiyayyen dabba, ta amfani da haƙoranta kawai don kariya daga mahara iri-iri, wasu suna ɗaukar motse mala'iku abu ne mai matuƙar haɗari. Hanya ɗaya, wata hanya, akwai sanannun lokuta na hare-hare da cizon mutane ta hanyar lalacewa.
Ga wasu daga cikinsu.
A cikin 1948, masanin ilmin halitta I. Brock, wanda daga baya ya zama darektan Cibiyar Nazarin Tsarin halittar Hawaii na Jami'ar Hawaii, ya nitse cikin ruwa kusa da tsibirin Johnston a cikin Tekun Pasifik zurfin zurfin ruwa. Kafin nutsuwa da Brock cikin ruwa, an jefa gurnati - wannan wani bangare ne na tsarin binciken da masanin ilimin halitta ya sanya shi ciki. Lokacin da ya lura da wani babban abin fashewa a cikin ruwa kuma yana tunanin cewa gurnati ta kashe shi, Brock ya damke shi da gidan yari. Koyaya, mayyan bango, wanda tsawonsa ya kai mita 2.4, bai mutu ba: tana zuwa da sauri a wajen mai laifin kuma ta manne da gwiwar sa. Moray eel, kai hari kan mutum, ya buge wani rauni wanda ya yi kama da wata alama ta cizon barracuda. Amma sabanin barracuda, mayu masu rauni ba sa yin iyo nan da nan, amma suna rataye kan abin da suka farauto, kamar bulldog. Brock ya yi nasarar tashi sama ya hau jirgin yana jira a kusa. Koyaya, likitocin tiyata sun yi ta fama da wannan rauni na dogon lokaci, saboda ya juya ya zama mai rauni sosai. Wanda abin ya rutsa da shi ya kusan rasa hannunsa.
Shahararren mawakiyar mawakiyar nan Dieter Bohlen (Talikan Zamani na Zamani) shima ya sha wahala daga wauta.
A lokacin nutsewa a yankin Seychelles, mayunwus ya kama ƙafafunsa, yana lalata fata da tsokoki na mawaƙa. D. Bolen bayan wannan abin da ya faru an yi masa tiyata, kuma ya shafe wata guda a cikin keken hannu.
Da zarar, kwararru har ma sun sake hawa wasu motsi na bakin ruwa daga wani ruwa mai shahara tare da masu yawon bude ido (Tsohon ramin kwalin, Babban Barrier Reef, 1996). Lokacin da suke ciyar da kifayen, kifin ya keɓe hannun mai diban hannun daga New Zealand har ta yadda ba za a iya ceta ba.
Abin baƙin ciki, a lokacin sufuri moray eels mutu.
Ina tsammanin misalan da aka ambata a sama zasu taimaka wa masu farawa su tantance haɗarin haɗuwa tare da mayukan ora kuma ɗaukar matakan hana irin waɗannan lokuta.
Wadannan matakan suna da sauki - kar a tsokane wahalar zuwa m ayyukan. Da wuya (galibi saboda matsananciyar yunwar) matsanancin fari na kaiwa mutane hari ba dalili.
Lokacin da ka ga goshin birgewa, kada ka sanya wannan kifin cikin damuwa - kusanci zuwa mazaunin sa, yi ƙoƙarin bugunsa kuma, bugu da ƙari, sanya hannunka a cikin mafaka.Fanswararran mashin ba ya kamata su harba a ramuka da kuma murɗawa ba kawai don bincika idan akwai ɓarnar goge goge. Idan kuwa tana zaune da gaske, to lalle ne za ta kawo muku. Idan ba ku tsokane ta ba, ba za ta taɓa ku ba.
Ba a gudanar da kamun kifin don bazar fari ba. An kama su a cikin kwafe guda don amfani.
Ya kamata a sani cewa nama da wasu gabobin maɗaukaki na mayuka a lokuta daban-daban na shekara na iya ƙunsar abubuwa masu guba waɗanda ke haifar da matsanancin ciwon ciki da lalacewar jijiya. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a bincika wannan batun dalla-dalla kafin ƙoƙarin jin daɗin mayun mai ruɓani.
Wani lokaci ana hana malalar firam a cikin manyan wuraren ɗaukar ruwa. Halin waɗannan mafarautan a cikin rufaffiyar ƙila na iya zama ɗaya ba. Sau da yawa, bakin ɓoyayyen maɗaukaki suna matsanancin fushi ga maƙwabta a cikin akwatin kifaye, wani lokacin ma sun shagala da abokan zama.
A cikin zaman talala, mayukan bakin ciki zasu iya rayuwa sama da shekaru goma.
Kunnuwa na bakin ciki, kamar dukkan kifayen da suke da wuya, muhimmiyar hanyar haɗi ce a cikin ma'aunin lafiyar lafiyar tekuna inda suke zaune. Don haka, warwatsewar su ba ya cutar da lafiyar fauna na waɗannan yankuna.
A zamanin da, sabili da haka, an yi amfani da mayukan rairayi a matsayin dodanni masu ban tsoro. Sannan sun yi imani da manyan dodannin teku waɗanda ke iya hadiye jirgin ruwan duka. Kuma wannan damar an danganta shi, musamman, don yin ruɗani. Daga baya a cikin tarihi akwai lokuta yayin da aka horar da su don kai hari ga mutum.
Amma duk wannan bai hana mutane yin farauta ba. Ana cinyeta kuma ana ɗaukar abincinta, kodayake namanta na da lahani sosai. Romansan zamanin Romawa sun ci gaba da buɗe murfin malala a cikin alkalan takarda na musamman don shirya su don biki. Sun kasance mummunan kisan ga bayi. Irin wannan baƙon abinci sarkar. A cikin Caribbean, a zamanin yau, moraine ceviche shima sananne ne - kwano da aka shirya ta hanya mai cike da ƙima da mugunta.