Sau da yawa, mutane sukan ba dabbobi da yawa suna tarayya mai ɗaukar suna. Misali, babban kifi mai kamanni daga asalin halittar chihiprions tare da launinsa mai haske koyaushe yana kwantar da hankalin murnar da yakeji. Kallon a cikin akwatin kifaye yana tsotsar da ƙananan kifayen ƙoshin fuskoki kullun suna ɓoyewa a cikin shingen anemone, mutum na iya komawa da gangan tuna fagen cirko-cirko, wanda wasu launuka masu kyau tare da launuka masu kyau ke gudana.

Ba wai kawai amphiprions ake dangantawa da hoton Clowns ba. Misali, an yi masa ado da yalwataccen rabe-rabe guda uku a kan rawaya mai launin shuɗi-orange, ƙwaryar botsiya. Akwai ma duka iyalin Clowns a cikin tsari na anglerfish (aljanun teku) - kifi mai haske sosai mai launin shuɗi tare da launin rawaya ko ratsi. Amma a cikin wannan labarin, kawai za ku fahimci masalin kifin Amphiprion.

Menene amphiprions

Clownfish, kamar duk wakilan dangin Pomocenter (squadungiyoyin Perch-like), yana da nauyin jiki a ɗan gajeren lokaci da ƙashin kansa mai ƙwanƙwasawa wanda ke saman ƙwanjin gidan. Nawa halittar amphiprion suke a cikin yanayin? A cikin kafofin daban-daban zaka iya samun lambobi daban-daban - daga goma sha biyu zuwa 28. Waɗannan su ne kifayen masu haske masu launuka a koyaushe tare da kasancewar ratsi (fari ko baƙi) da aibobi. Bayan da aka saki zane mai ban dariya na yara, inda babban halayen shi ne kifin mai ƙwanƙwasa, ambulan ya sami shahararrun mutane a tsakanin masu ruwa da tsaki. Tabbas, ba kowane nau'in za'a iya samu a cikin jerin ruwayoyin mai son ba.

Jawabin Clown (Amphiprion percula)

Orange amphiprion ko Clown percula (lat.Amphiprion percula) shine mafi mashahuri kuma sanannen Clownfish:

• Yana zaune a cikin gabashin ruwa na Tekun Indiya da yammacin sassan Pacific, ya yada zuwa arewa zuwa tsibirin Taiwan da tsibirin Japan na Ryukyu.
• Ana samo shi a kan murjani na murjani mafi yawan lokuta a zurfin mita 3 zuwa 15.

Wannan shine ɗayan mafi kyawun kifin ga masu neman ruwaye. Wannan kifin mai kama da wuta ana yinsa ne a cikin Florida don siyarwa a cikin ruwan tekunan ruwa don biyan bukatun girma na masu sha'awar kifayen teku. Kudinsa idan aka kwatanta da sauran amphiprions shine mafi girma.

Siffofin launi na Clown-perkul:

• launi da tsarin a jiki baya canzawa da shekaru,
• babban launi shine lemo,
• jiki yana ado tare da manyan farin ratsi guda uku wanda ke bayan kai, a gewaye da gaban fin caudal,
• ban da fararen fararen fata, ana kuma yin kwalliyar alkalin ruwan zaki da tsaffin bakin bakin da ke iyakokin wasu lokuta kuma suna hada fararen fari,
• a kan dukkan ƙeƙasassun banda farkon ƙarewa, akwai iyakokin iyakoki masu ba da alama,
• iris haske ne mai launi mai launi, wanda ke taimaka wajan rage girman idanuwa.

A cikin hoto na kifin kifin Amphiprion percula, duk waɗannan sifofi masu launi suna bayyane a fili, kuma kifin ya sami sunan, tabbas saboda yawan launuka na ruwan lemo (dama har zuwa idanun).

Orange amphiprion ko Clown perkula (lat.Amphiprion percula)

Annemone Amphiprion Ocellaris (Amphiprion ocellaris)

Babu ƙarancin daɗaɗɗun shahararrun masu ruwa da tsaran ruwa shine kyawun anemone amphiprion (lat. Amphiprion ocellaris) ko kuma waƙar ƙwaƙwalwa. Shi ne mutumin da ke wannan kifin nemo, wanda shine ke haifar da sanannen katun.

Wannan samfurin amphiprion yana da kyau ta hanyar hoto:

• Jikin yana da launin ruwan lemo mai arziki,
• Uku fararen fararen fata waɗanda suke a kan bangarorin: a kan caudal kara, kai tsaye a bayan kai da tsakiyar jikin, yana farawa daga sararin samaniya tsakanin ƙashin ƙyallen. Tsarin jikin shine triangular a siffar.
• Kowane farin yanki yana da bayyane bayyane, amma iyaka bakin ciki.
• Ana iya lura da bakar baƙi gefen gefen kowane fin.
• Iris yana da launin ruwan-toka-liish.

Wannan Clownfish ba a haɗe shi da takamaiman nau'in anemone na teku kuma yana iya rayuwa cikin symbiosis tare da anemones da yawa, alal misali, Stichodactyla mertensii, Heteractis magnifica ko Stichodactyla gigantea.

Anemone amphiprion ko Clown orislaris (Amphiprion ocellaris)

Wanne daga cikin amphiprions ne kifin Nemo a cikin katun?

Clown ocellaris a launi da tsari na ratsi suna kama iri ɗaya da ƙamshin orange Tare da yin la'akari da rashin kulawa, suna da sauƙin rikicewa. Amma, idan kun kula da adadin baƙar fata a cikin launi na kowane nau'in, to bambancinsu daga juna nan da nan ya zama bayyananne. Kuma za mu iya rigaya faɗi tare da tabbaci cewa bebi - wannan ba gilashin orange bane (tsinkaye), amma amphiprion anemone (ocellaris).

A cikin launi na wawa, percules (Amphiprion percula) sun fi baƙar fata saboda lamuran baƙar fata da yawa, waɗanda ke mamaye sarari da yawa a tarnaƙi na jiki. Amphiprion ocellaris yana da bakin gashi baki daya mai bakin fari da yatsunsa.

Dubi hoton babban kifin, wanda ke saman kuma kula da kifin mara ƙyallen: a launinta, baƙar fata ne kawai ke wakilta.

Wadannan nau'ikan amphiprions biyu ƙananan: maza yawanci ba su wuce santimita 6-7 ba, kuma mata sun fi girma yawa - har zuwa santimita 11 a tsawon.

Cakulan Clown (Amphiprion clarkii)

Clarke clark (Amphiprion clarkii) babban kifi ne idan aka kwatanta shi da abubuwan da aka tattauna a sama. Tsawon maza ya kai santimita 10, kuma mace tayi girma sosai - har zuwa santimita 15.

Wasu lokuta ana kiransu Clowns na rawaya-rawaya ko clowns cakulan. Irin waɗannan sunaye suna da alaƙa da launi: rawaya caudal fin da launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi. Mun riga mun sadu da cakulan cakulan, wanda kuma ya sami wannan sunan saboda launi. Amma bai kamata kuyi tunanin cewa kullun mai haske yana da launin ruwan kasa ba.

Siffofin launi da tsari

Wani fasali na musamman na kayan cakulan shine canji a launinta yayin da yake girma da girma. Matasa galibi ana canza launin launin ruwan hoda mai launin shuɗi-tsalle kuma dukkan ƙege suma iri ɗaya ne. Ana iya ganin wannan a cikin bidiyon, wanda ke nuna kifayen shekaru daban-daban kuma, saboda haka, tare da launuka daban-daban.

Babban kifayen kifaye na wannan nau'in na iya zama baki ɗaya a launi, wanda ke da alaƙa da mazauninsu. Amma a kowane zamani, koyaushe suna da fadi da yawa uku, har ma da raɗaɗa raɗaɗin jikinsu, wanda a cikin ƙananan yara suna da bugu na baki. Kuma hakika, fin wutsiyar rawaya ce.

Aarfafa Anemone da Featuresungiyoyin Halayen

Akwai wani fasali na musamman na biyu wanda ke bambanta tsattsurar tsakar gida daga duk sauran amphiprions.

Babban kifin Amphiprion clarkia shine kawai jinsin da zai iya rayuwa tare da kowane ɗayan anemones 10 wanda zai iya aiki a matsayin mai masauki don amphiprions.

Kasancewa kamar kifi mai kama da yaƙi, mahaɗa a cikin mahaukata na iya kaiwa hari ga duk abin da, a ra'ayinsu, na iya zama barazana ga anemones teku. Yatsun ruwan Aquarist ba banda bane: babban mutum na iya cizo har ya kai matakin jini. Dole ne a tuna da wannan. Hakanan an lura cewa samun isasshen ruwan teku mai dacewa, wawan cakulan yana tura duwatsun daga ciki. Don haka kifin yana ba da damar yin amfani da shi kyauta, kuma a koyaushe yana kusa da anemone. Idan babban kifin da ke cikin akwatin kifayen ba shi da anemone na teku, to zai kasance kusa da duwatsu ko wasu mafaka.

Red Clown (Amphiprion frenatus)

Tumatir clown (sunan Latin Amphiprion frenatus), wanda kuma ake kira Clown frenatus, ya bambanta da sauran wakilan halittar Amphiprion na halittar wani yanki ne na fari. Wannan madaidaicin tsagewa an daidaita shi da layin bakin bakin ciki kuma yana kan bangarorin kai, ba tare da tsangwama ba a sashin gaban sa. Babban launi jikin yana launin ja ko lemo mai cike da farin ciki, wani lokacin ma har ya kai ga baki. Sabili da haka, ana kiran wannan kifin a matsayin ja-ja. Yana girma ba fiye da santimita 14 ba kuma a yau ya shahara sosai tsakanin masu binciken ruwa.

Ja ko tumatir wawa (Amphiprion frenatus)

Yawancin yara da aka haɓaka a cikin zane mai ban dariya tare da kifin mai shiru ba su yi imani da nan da nan cewa wani ɗan itacen tumatir shima babban kifi ne. A ra'ayinsu, wawa ya kasance tare da fararen fararen abubuwa uku masu haske akan asalin ruwan lemo kuma tare da jikin mutum mai rufi. Amma yanzu kun fahimci cewa amphiprions sun zo cikin launuka daban-daban tare da lambobi daban-daban na fararen fararen fata kuma wani lokacin suna da jiki mai tsayi. Misalin wannan shine jan bakin ciki. Gasar rayuwa ta halitta ita ce murjani a kusa da tsibiran Jafananci (Ryukyu), Indonesia da Malaysia.

A zamanin yau, don biyan bukatun masu koyar da ruwaye, akwai wasu gonaki na musamman waɗanda akan yi bred da frentius clowns. Wadannan kifayen, da aka samu ta hanyar kiwo ta wucin gadi, sun dace da rayuwa a cikin hanyoyin ruwa mafi sauƙi fiye da yadda aka kama waɗanda aka kama kai tsaye a cikin ruwan teku. Kuma kiyaye irin wannan kifin ma ya fi sauki ga takwarorinsu na daji.

A karkashin yanayin halitta, Clownfish frenatus na iya rayuwa cikin alaƙar symbiotic tare da nau'ikan halittun anemones na teku (waɗanda ke cikin anemones), waɗanda dabbobi ne ba tsire-tsire ba (wannan dole ne a fahimta). A cikin akwatin kifaye, frenatus na iya jin lafiya ko da ba tare da anemone ba, idan akwai isassun mafaka kusa da su. Amma duk da haka, kifin kifin da ke cikin akwatin kifayen ya fi ban sha'awa yayin da za ku iya lura da yanayin dangantakarta da "ruwanku" na teku (yadda kifin cikin nutsuwa yake “zaunawa” a tsakanin tantunan abokin saduwarsa).

Abubuwa biyu na anemones na teku galibi suna zaune don frenatuses a cikin akwatin ruwa: anemone vesiculate ko vesiculate (Entacmea quadricolor) ko kintsattse (Heteractis Crispa - anemia fatay). A cikin bidiyon da ke sama, kun kalli wani abu mai ruwa mai gudana a ciki wanda ke ɓoyewa tsakanin ɓoyayyen ruwan anemone mai ƙarfi.

Dangantaka hulɗa da launin ruwan fure da anemone

Babban sirrin kifayen kifin Amphiprion shine dangantakar su da anemones teku, daga cikin shingen da suka sami mafaka mai kyau. Babban kifin da anemone na teku suna rayuwa a cikin kusanci, amma guba da ke tattare da ƙoshin halittun ruwan anemone kuma wanda yake mai karami ga ƙananan kifayen ba zai taɓa kashe amphiprions ba.

Irin waɗannan alaƙar, waɗanda masana kimiyya ke kira symbiosis, suna tashi a hankali kuma cikin matakai:

• Sanarwar farko da anemone, kifin mai kama da farawa, kamar dai ta hanyar bazata ta taɓa alfarwansu, da farko tare da ƙusoshin su, to tare da sassan su.
• Kuma kawai bayan irin wannan "shiri" ne amphiprion ya taɓa abokin tarayya na gaba a cikin symbiosis tare da duk jikinta.

Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a cikin lokaci irin wannan "jaraba" na iya ɗauka daga kifayen kifi daban-daban daga mintuna da yawa zuwa awanni da yawa.

Abin da zai faru yana godiya ga irin wannan masanin “makasudin”

• A yayin taɓawa ta farko, kifin yakan fahimci ƙananan allurai na abu mai guba kuma yana haɓaka rigakafi da shi.
• Sannan, taɓa alfarwar anemone tare da jikinsa gaba ɗaya, ƙwararren kifin yana da ƙoshin ciki, wanda anemone ke rufe shi. Wannan gamsai ya haɗu da gamsai na kifin, a sakamakon haka, anemone ɗin baya tsinkaye shi “mai masauki” azaman abinci.

Yana da mahimmanci kifin ya kasance cikin hulɗa koda yaushe tare da "anemone" nasu, in ba haka ba gamsarwar kariya daga jikinta zata ɓace, kuma anemone zai iya ci.

Shin amphiprion yana ciyar da anemone na teku?

An yi imani da cewa kifin kifin kifayen ke ciyar da anemone. Wannan ya faru ne saboda lura da cewa amphiprion tare da wani kayan abinci yayi ƙoƙarin ɓoyewa a cikin tantunan anemone don cinye shi a can. Da kyau, da ragowar abincinsa, idan sun bayyana, ba shakka je zuwa farkon girgiza. A zahiri, ciyar da anemone tare da kifi har yanzu yana faruwa, amma ba ta yin shi da niyya.

Kammalawa

Yana da mahimmanci a sake mai da hankali ga fa'idodin da kifayen kifi da isnifin teku suke samu yayin aikin symbiosis:

• Anemone na teku yana zama gidan aminci ne mai aminci ga kifi, don haka suka zaɓi girar anemones mai kauri, dogaye masu tsayi sosai.
• Kifayen daɗaɗɗen wuta suna motsawa koyaushe tsakanin shinge na anemone, don haka ƙirƙirar rafuffukan ruwa waɗanda ke cire lahani iri-iri waɗanda zasu iya tarawa a faifan bakinsa.

Amphiprion, yana tserewa daga maƙiyin, ya ɓoye a cikin tantunan anemone. Kuma mai bin da kansa ya zama abincin dare don anemone, wanda ke lalata shi da guba. Wani lokacin amphiprion yakan karɓi ragowar samarin anemone.

Mahalli na dabi'a

Gasar yanayin gargajiya na kifayen da ke zaune a teku suna rufe tekun Pacific da kuma tekun Indiya. Ana samun mafi yawan mutane a gefen gabar gabashin Afirka, kazalika da bakin tekun Japan da Polynesia. Kifayen da ba ta daɗe ba ita ce ta zama mazaunin shingen ruwa a gabashin nahiyar ta Australiya.

A cikin yanayin halitta zaka iya samun nau'in 26 na amphiprion (Amphiprion), wannan shine yadda ake kiran wannan kifin a kimiyance.

Bayanin da fasali

Clowns ƙananan kifi ne kuma a cikin bauta ba su wuce girman 7-11 cm ba. Suna da jiki mai kama da wuta mai kamanni a goshin sa. Idanun suna baki tare da iris mai haske. Ta hanyar "kifayen kifi" ana ma'anar gilashin orange, amma a yawancin kwatancin wannan sunan ya saukake yanayin halittar gaba ɗaya.

A kowane zamani, kifayen masu launin iri ɗaya ne: m rawaya mai ruwan lemo, baƙi da fari a jiki.

Akwai nau'ikan amphiprions tare da babban shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, har da rawaya da jan mutane.

Rsarshen kifin mai ƙwanƙwasa yana da ƙamshi kuma yana da kamar an rarrabu zuwa sassa biyu, ƙashin kansa yana da kauri kuma yana da ƙege, ƙashin farin yana da taushi. Duk ƙefa suna da bututun mai baƙar fata.

Wani fasali mai ban sha'awa na amphiprion shine maganarta. Wannan kifin akwatin kifayen yana sanya danna, nika da sauran sautuka da yawa. Abin da ke sa kifin kifi mai ban sha'awa ya zama mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa da mai ban sha'awa.

Rayuwa cikin yanayi

Coral reefs na bakin tekun Papua New Guinea da wasu yankuna a tekun Pacific da tekun Indiya suna ba wa babban kifi gidan, abinci da kariya. Musamman ma yawancinsu inda kabarin teku na anemones na teku suke rayuwa, wanda amphiprions suke cikin symbiosis: launuka masu haske suna jan kifin da yake yankewa, anemones na teku suna ciyar da su, kuma karnukan suna tattara ragowar.

Symbiosis tare da anemones teku

Clownfish yana zaɓar ɗaya daga cikin manyan duwatsun teku a matsayin gidansu - murjani mai murjani, wanda aka san shi da matattarar dabbobinsu da ke kusa da faifan baka. Suna shiga cikin hanyar yanar gizo mai saurin tono abubuwa (nematocysts) wanda ke sanya wani abu mai guba wanda zai gurguntar da karamin kifi ko ɓacin rai.

Abin mamaki, anemone baya cutar kyanwa. A taron farko, guba ya shiga fata na amphiprion da gamsai. Jikin kifin nan da nan ya amsa wa mai kara kuzari kuma ya inganta rigakafi a ciki. Ta wannan hanyar, anemone na teku da kansa yana kariya daga shingen shinge. Bayan 'yan mintina kaɗan, anemone na cikin teku ba ya ɗaukar alkyabin kamar kayan abinci. Cakuda gamsai tare da mai guba wani nau'in kayan kamshi ne wanda ke ba da izinin anemones a matsayin “nasu”. Abun da guba ya banbanta ga kowane polyp, don haka kifayen da ke da wuya su yi ƙoƙarin kada su iyo daga aboki na ɗan ciki wanda ya saba da su.

Kogin anemone da kifin teku wani misali ne na dangantaka da ake kira commensalism.. Wannan shine farkon farkon symbiosis, wanda akwai fa'idantuwa tsakanin juna, amma babu wani dogaro mai karfi ga juna. Ruwan iskoki na teku suna ɓoye Clowns daga haɗari a cikin yawancin shingen su, amphiprions suna kori ƙananan masu farauta, alal misali, kifin malam buɗe ido, daga polyp.

A cikin zaman talala, 'yan sa-kai suna “sa abokai” har ma da dusar anemone masu launin kore, mafi yawan masu mutuwa tsakanin nau'ikan akwatin kifaye.

Bayanin

Wannan karamin kifin ne tare da jikin mutum mai santsi da kuma jerin gwano masu laushi. Jikinta mai kauri ne, an lullube ta da wani fili, bayyananne: fararen fata tare da kan iyaka baki akan ruwan lemo mai haske ko ja. Kifin kifin yana da ƙayyadaddun ƙusoshin, musamman pectoral, wutsiya madaidaici. Murfin ma an zagaye shi, bakin yana a tsakiya, ƙananan muƙamin da alama yana da girma fiye da na sama. A cikin bayanin bayyanar, zaku iya karanta cewa mucks yayi kama da kwaya: iri daya wanda aka zagaye tare da idanu kadan. Girman girma a cikin bauta ba ya wuce 12 cm.

Dace da sauran kifayen

Kifi mai launin shuɗi yana haɗuwa da kusan dukkanin mazaunan ruwan kifin, misali, kifin malam buɗe ido, daskararre, gobies da karnukan teku. Koyaya, akwai nau'ikan nau'in nau'ikan da ba'a bada shawarar za'a kiyaye su ba:

Mafi qarancin girman akwatin kifaye don adana kifayen kifayen yakamata ya zama akalla 80 * 45 * 35cm, girma - daga lita 80.

Garkuwa a cikin nau'ikan murjani da kayan kwalliya ba na siyasa ba ne; a zahiri, za a iya dasa dabbobin rayuwa (Heteractis magnifica da Stichodactyla gigantea). Coral yashi 3-5 mm a diamita ya dace kamar ƙasa.

Kayan sashin ruwa yakamata su bi diddigin masu zuwa:

• acidity - 8.1 - 8.4 p,
• yawaitar ruwa shine 1.021-1.023,
• gishirin gishiri - 34.5 g / l,
• zazzabi - 25-25 ° С.

Ya kamata a canza canjin ruwa ko dai mako-mako daga 1/10 na jimlar girma, ko kuma sau ɗaya a kowane mako 2 da 1/5. Jirgin ruwa, wadatar ruwa da kuma tsaftace lokaci na cikin akwatin kifaye sune dalilai na asali a cikin kulawar da ta dace na reef teku.

Dangane da bayani daga kwararrun masu samar da ruwa, mafi karancin girman akwatin kifayen ruwan, to mafi wahalar kiyaye shi shine kiyaye ma'aunin rayuwa. Abin da ya sa jinsunan rafi rafi na mafi yawan bangare suna da girma girma. Don haka kifayen suna da fa'ida kuma suna saukaka wa mai shi.

Abinci mai gina jiki

A dabi'a, kifayen abinci sukan cinye tarkacen kifayen da budurcin budurwarsu ke ci. A cikin akwatin kifaye, amphiprions ba su da cikakken buƙata kan abinci. Suna murna da shan kayan bushewa na musamman don kifayen kifayen, ba za su ƙi daga brine shrimp, shellfish, yankakken shrimp, squid ko cakuda nama na kifi da ruwan teku.

Sake buguwa da tsawon rai

A cikin teku, a asalin rayuwarta, kifin mai kama da kullun yana rayuwa kusan shekaru 10, yayin da a cikin akwatin kifaye, rayayyun rayuwa ya ninka.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce cewa duk abin da aka toya na amphiprion asalin maza ne. Dukkanin sassan jikin namiji da mace suna nan, amma na farkon suna da kyau, na ƙarshen suna cikin jarirai.

Yayinda suke girma, manyan mutane sun canza zuwa mace. Idan ɗayansu ya mutu, mafi yawan maza yakan canza jima'i kuma ya sami wani wuri a wuri. Sannan ya zabi abokin tarawa daga sauran maza.

Kifi Clown suna da aure, a dabi'a shine hasken duniyar wata shine babban abinda yakamata a fara kiwo, wanda a ciki mazan maza ke kara karfi. A cikin zaman talala, wannan dalilin bashi da mahimmanci sosai.

Mace na kusa da anemone na teku, kuma idan bata nan, kusa da murjani ko ƙyallen. Tsarin yana ɗaukar kimanin sa'o'i 2 kuma yana faruwa ne da maraice. Wararrun masu shayarwa sun ba da shawarar kashe wutar a cikin akwatin kifaye daga 22 zuwa 23 sa'o'i da kuma kula da yawan zafin jiki na 26 ° C.

Mahaifin da aka sake haihuwa yana tsare da masarar, yana cire ƙwai waɗanda ba a haɗa shi ba, yana yin iska. Ya danganta da shekaru da girman mace, don tsintsiya daya, tana iya kawowa daga kwayoyi 400 zuwa 1500. Lokacin shiryawa yana daga kwanaki 7 zuwa 10, bayan haka kwanon kwan soya. Abinda ya fara dasu shine plankton.

Mahaifin zai tsare su har zuwa lokacin balaga, amma a aikace, mafi yawanci ana sanya ƙananan yara a cikin akwati daban. Wannan baya tasiri ga ci gaban su da cigaban su.

Kudin kifin kifayen da kuma abubuwan zaɓi

Lokacin zabar kifi don ragin kifayen, kuna buƙatar bayar da fifiko ga samfuran da aka haifa a bauta. Sun fi dacewa da rayuwar akwatin kifaye kuma mafi sauƙin jure damuwa daga yanayin shimfidar wuri.

Amphiprions na daji na iya kamuwa da oodiniosis, cryptocariosis da brooklinellosis, suna da matukar raɗaɗi don sake hawa zuwa ƙarancin iyaka kuma galibi suna mutuwa daga wannan.

Kafin siyan, kuna buƙatar bincika Pet a hankali. Kifayen su kasance suna da launi mai kyau, Sikeli mai santsi, tsabta, idanu masu kyau. Wawa ya kasance babban wawa: motsi, ba daɗi, aiki.

Zai fi kyau siyar da kifi daga shahararrun shayarwa waɗanda ke da takaddun takaddun da suka zama dole. Kudin yawancin nau'in halitta (amphiprion ocellaris) kusan 1000 rubles ne, sauran nau'in sun danganta da shekaru da girman da aka kiyasta a 2000-4000 rubles.

Aquarium clown kifi an dauki mafi unpretentious duk murjani kifi. Ya dace da manyan nau'in kifayen ruwa a cikin ofis ko gidan abinci, gami da gyara gida. Koyarwar murjani tare da anemones da amphiprions koyaushe suna da ban mamaki, kuma kallon garken kifaye masu haske da farin ciki zai kawo farin ciki sosai ga mai shi.

Iri amphiprions

Dukkan nau'o'in sun bambanta da launi, kamannin ƙira da girman jiki:

• Tumatir clown (ja) - wani launin ruwan hoda-ja a saman wanda yalwataccen farin tsiri tare da bakin ciki, baƙasasshe baƙar fata mai buɗe ido yana gudana a yankin da hanun. Idanun sun yi fari. Fins cikin launi na jiki, shimfida daga kashin kai daga kai zuwa wutsiya. Kifi ya tsiro har zuwa cm 11. A yanayin, yana zaune a cikin irin waɗannan anemones, waɗanda suke da matukar wahalar kiyayewa a cikin akwatin kifin gida, saboda haka an sanya katako cikin kayan masarufi,

• Moorish clown launuka ne na maroon, wanda yake da rabeffen fararen fararen abubuwa guda uku wadanda suke gudana a gefen sa: tare da gills, a tsakiya da kuma kusa da caudal fin. Girman kifin girma ya kai cm 14. A cikin akwatin kifaye, ya fi son zama tare da anemones kowane irin,

• Amintaccen bambancin ruwa - yawanci haske kifin ruwan lemo tare da farin fararen tare da bayan daga leɓɓe na sama har zuwa fin caudal. Latearshe da kashin baya suna translucent, dim. Mata suna da girma fiye da maza - 11 cm da 5-7 cm, bi da bi,

• Kyauron orange - mai kama da mottled da launi, da girma. Amma rawanin alkyabbar lemo a bayan ta yayi kadan ya fi kyau da haske, haka kuma akwai farin wutsiya,
• Clarke's Clown, cakulan chihiprion kifi ne na tsararren yanayi: jiki mai tsayi, babban ƙashi, ƙoshin ya zama kamar an kasu kashi biyu: a tsakiya, haskoki sun fi guntu fiye da gefunan. Babban launi jikin yana baki ne da launin shuɗi, wanda, a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi na haske, ya sami babban cakulan mai duhu. Insare da fuska rawaya ne. Uku fararen fata guda uku suna zagaye jikin mutum: kawai a bayan idanun, a tsakiya da kuma wutsiya. A cikin akwatin kifaye ke tsiro zuwa 10 cm,

• Clown Ocellaris - guda Nemo daga zane mai ban dariya, ana ɗaukar wannan launi a matsayin ingantaccen baƙi. A bango mai launin ja-ja akwai launuka uku masu launin shinge, kowannensu yana da iyaka. Spaƙƙarfan cikin kashin baya da naƙasassu sun gajerun haskoki a tsakiyar (yana tare da su cewa tsakiyar tsiri tsiri tsallake). A gefen gefan duk ƙusoshin na iya zama edging na baki. Wani lokacin fararen rabe suna haɗuwa cikin aibobi, wannan shine ɗayan zaɓin launi. Girman kifi na manya - har zuwa 12 cm,

• Kwafin jikin mutum yana kusan daidai da ocellaris, akwai bambance-bambance a cikin adadin haskoki na ƙoshin baya kuma a jikin mutum: cuarfin yana da ɗan dayan da baya. Girma - har zuwa 11 cm.

All Clowns suna da tsammanin rayuwa mai ɗaukar rai: har zuwa shekaru 10-11. Yawan amphiprions suna zaune a cikin akwatin kifaye wanda ya dogara da yanayin tsarewar: yawanci shekaru 5-7.

Tsarin akwatin kifaye

• Ofarar da akwatin kifaye ya zama daga lita 100 a kowace ma'aunin kifi. A cikin hanyoyin ruwa na ruwa ana ɗaukar wannan ƙaramin ƙaramin ƙaramin ƙarfi, tunda yana da matukar wahalar kiyaye madaidaicin sigogi akan irin wannan sikelin. Ana ba da shawarar sabon shiga don farawa da ƙaramar aƙalla lita 300 da garken dabbobi 5-6,
• - ƙasa - yashi mai murjani tare da guntu na 3-5 mm,
• Matatar nazarin halittu dole ne ya kasance mai ƙarfi don ƙirƙirar kwarara. Idan akwai anemone a cikin akwatin kifaye, ya kamata a kwararar kwararar ruwan zuwa gare shi,
• Aeration - iska dole ya zo daga kwampreso na musamman a cikin wadatattun ɗimbin kewaye da agogo,
• Wutar Lantarki - fitilu na musamman don rafukan ruwa (marina glo da sauran su) zasu zama ingantacciyar hanyar samar da hasken halittu. Ya kamata walƙiya ya kasance mai zafin gaske don kyakkyawan tsiro da ci gaba,
• A cikin akwatin kifayen ruwan teku, an samar da injinan rafi a ciki: an daidaita murjani da anemones na ruwa a gindi. Ga kowane nau'in clown kuna buƙatar zaɓar anemone da kyau. Misali, ga shahararren Nemo, anemone bubbly, gilashi jigilar, hadoni carpeted ya dace. Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba, maimakon anemones, an shigar da gadaje, mafaka, shinge,

Tsarin ruwa

• Zazzabi 22-27 ° C,
• Hardness 4-20 °,
• Ac 8 8,4 pH,
• Yawanwa yana kusan 1.022-1.025,
• Salinity 34.5 g / l.

• Sauyawa a cikin mako-mako na 20% na ruwa tare da ruwa wanda aka shirya a gaba (ana yarda da kowane wata, idan yanayin akwatin kifin ya ba da izini). Yana da mahimmanci cewa sabon ruwan tekun na wucin gadi yana daidai da fasalin daidai ga wanda ke cikin akwatin kifaye,
• Cikakken tsabtace ƙasa tare da siphon sau ɗaya a kowane mako 1-2,
• A gaban anemones teku da sauran mazaunan, wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa kowa ya sami abinci. A wasu halaye (alal misali, idan akwai jatan goge baki) kuna buƙatar ciyar da anemone na teku daban.

Ciyar da abinci

Don kifin ya yi jituwa da lafiya, ya kamata a bambanta ciyar da:

• Abincin bushe na musamman don kula da launi da bitamin,
• Abinci mai rai da mai sanyi: pollock fillet, shrimp, squid da sauran rayuwar marine (artemia, krill).

Clowns suna da iko duka kuma marasa ma'ana a cikin abinci. Abin sani kawai wajibi ne don saka idanu kan adadin abinci, saboda abincin da ba a tsayar da shi zai tayar da daidaiton ruwa.

Halayya da Yarbuwa

Tunda kifayen kifayen suna da kwanciyar hankali da kwanciyar hankali, kuma a cikin yanayi na akwatin kifayen su ma ba su da aiki, zai fi kyau a ajiye su a cikin akwatin kifaye na gidan wuta. Bai kamata ku haɗu da nau'ikan amphiprion da juna ba don guje wa faɗa wa yankin. Kowane kifi yana da tsada mai tsada, don haka maigidan ya kamata ya kula da lafiyarsa musamman.

Kifayen Clown sun kasu kashi biyu, kowannensu na zaban nasa ruwan anemone. Idan babu anemones, Clowns suna zaɓar tsabtace grotto, murjani ko kogo. Idan akwai nau'ikan kifaye iri-iri a cikin akwatin kifaye, kuma anemone na teku karami ne, mafi rauni zai kasance ba tare da gidaje ba. Dole ne a sa ido da wannan don ba da damar halittu tare da ƙarin mafaka a cikin lokaci.

Wakilan marasa tsaurin ra'ayi na zurfin teku sun dace kamar maƙwabta: shrimps, ƙananan kifin zaman lafiya.

Yadda ake tantance jinsi

Da farko, duk amurkawar chihiprion ana haihuwar maza ne. A cikin aiwatar da rayuwa, wasu suna canza jima'i, sun zama mace. Idan a cikin biotope mace ta zama ba zato ba tsammani (alal misali, ɗayan ma'auratan sun mutu), namiji zai iya canza jima'i ya sami sabon abokin tarayya. Yawancin lokaci mace tayi lokuta da yawa fiye da namiji. Namijin da yake samarwa cikin garken ya fi sauran maza girma, amma idan ya mutu, kifin da yake kama matsayinsa ya fara girma da sauri.

Kiwo da kiwo

Kifayen da baƙi za su iya yin asali a cikin akwatin gidan na gida. Wannan tsari yana da zafin gaske, girma yana faruwa a cikin makonni 3-4.

A ƙarƙashin halayen kyawawan halayen, amphiprions suna haifuwa da kansu. Daga masaniyar roko, kawai kuna buƙatar fara zaɓaɓɓun mutanen da aka haifa a zaman bauta: don haka damar yin kiwo zai zama mafi girma. Mace ta sanya ƙwai, kuma bayan hadi, iyayen da zasu zo nan gaba su tsare su har sai yya bayyana (kwana 8). Za'a iya barin haɓakar matasa, ko kuma a bar shi cikin kulawar da namiji, kamar yadda ya iya, zai tsare su har sai ya girma.

Cutar da Rigakafin

Ainihin, cututtukan amphiprion suna da alaƙa da ingancin ruwa. Zai iya zama:

• Guba na Ammonawa: gurneti mai cike da wuta, rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen,
• Guba tare da nitrates da nitrites: lethargy, kwance a ƙasa,
• Kwayoyin cuta na kwayan cuta (alal misali, ichthyophthyroidism ko oodiniosis, wanda shima ya zama ruwan dare a tsakanin kifayen sabo): Sikeli ya tashi, kifayen ya zube, rashin bayyanar cututtukan fata a jiki, ƙoshi, da dai sauransu.
• Rosarfin kai da kan layi na gefe: bayyanar dents a kai da tsakiyar jiki, wanda a cikin lamura masu haɓakawa sun shiga zurfi da zurfi a cikin fata, suna haifar da rauni mai zurfi-ramuka.

• Kulawa da abubuwan yau da kullun na ruwa,
• Yarda da ka'idodi don kulawa da akwatin kifayen ruwan marine,
• Yarda da tsarin ciyarwa,
• Lokacin sake farawa ko ƙirƙirar sabon biotope, kuna buƙatar jira har sai ruwan ya wuce zagayowar nitrogen,
• Bugu da ƙari, zaku iya sanya shrimp likita a cikin akwatin kifaye tare da amphiprions, wanda ke lalata alamomin wasu cututtuka.