Bayyanar

Fitowar cuckoo

Cuckoo yana da jiki mai kauri, siriri, fuka-fukan fuka-fuki wanda aka gina a karshen, wutsiyar tana da tsawo, kuma ana lika ta gefen gefen nau'in weji. Kafafu suna gajeru, ƙarancin haɓaka, wanda bai dace da tafiya akan ƙasa ba. Tsarin paws shine zygodactyl - yatsu biyu suna zura ido, sauran biyun kuma sun juya baya. Beak gajere, yi lankwasa.

Ana nuna bambancin jima'i cikin girma (maza sun fi maza girma) da kuma rabewa. A cikin maza manya, shugaban, kafadu, baya launin toka ne. Tsutsa da kirji na sama ashen ne. Abun ciki da kirji suna ma kirji mai tsauri mai tsauri. Gashin jikin jela suna da launin toka mai duhu tare da farin fari da iyaka.

Hoton cuckoo a jikin bishiya

Launi mace ba koyaushe take maimaita zubewar namiji ba. A cikin wasu nau'in, abin da ake kira morph yana faruwa lokacin da aka fentin baya da nono a cikin launi mai laushi, wanda aka narkar da shi da ratsin baƙar fata (talakawa, kurma da ƙananan cuckoos). Akwai nau'ikan da kirji ke da tabbataccen baƙi (wani nau'in cuckoo na baki).

Me yasa aka kira shi cuckoo?

Cuckoo a kan reshe

An kira cuckoo saboda haka saboda yawan waƙoƙinta. Ba za'a iya rikitar da “Cuckoo” mai rarrafe tare da kowane tsuntsu ba. Yawancin mutane suna da sunayen iri ɗaya ga wannan tsuntsu: a Bulgaria ana kiranta "kukovitsa", a cikin Czech Republic - "kukacha", a cikin Jamus - "kukuch", a Faransa - "kukuo", a Romania - "kuyai", a Italiya - "kukulo" . Sunan Latin "Cuculus" ya fito ne daga kalmar "canere", wanda ke nufin "yin waka"

Abin da ke ci

A cikin hoto, cuckoo yana cin larvae

Cuckoos suna cinye abincin asalin dabbobi. Woodananan itace da kwari masu tashi, gizo-gizo ke ciyar da su. Abincin abincin da aka fi so game da cuckoos: ciyawar ciyayi, shimfidu, sauro, kwari, tsutsotsi, ƙwararrun kuliyoyi. Cuckoos da ke zaune a filin suna ƙara 'ya'yan itace da berries a cikin menu.

Cuckoo shine ɗayan thean tsuntsayen da ke cin abinci mai saurin gashi tare da nishaɗi. Gubarsu, ta ƙunshi cikin hanji, tana da lahani ga yawancin tsuntsaye. Cuckoo, kafin cin kwari, a hankali yana tura hancin mai guba tare da harshensa. Karka damu ka dandana dandano na yara masu maye da ƙwai na tsuntsaye. An kama abincin tsuntsaye akan tashi, baya fadowa ƙasa.

Cuckoo ya ci abinci a kan tashi

Cuckoos tsuntsaye ne marasa hankali. A cikin sa'a daya, tsuntsu daya girma zai iya cin abinci har zuwa 100 matafila. Da kaka, tsuntsayen fi ci. Don haka suna tara kitse mai ɗanɗano, da mahimmanci don yin dogon jirgin.

Masana ilimin kimiyya suna ɗaukar cuckoo a matsayin mai kulawa a cikin gandun daji. Idan an sami kwari a ƙasa ta mazauninta, to tsuntsu ba zai tsaya ba har sai ya kama su duka.

Yaɗa

Cuckoo yana tsoratar da sauran tsuntsayen

Yankunan rarraba cuckoos suna da yawa. A cikin duniya akwai nau'ikan tsuntsaye sama da 150 da ke zaune a Eurasia, Afirka, Indonesia, Asiya. Ana samun Cuckoos a Amurka da tsibirin Pacific. Iyakar abin da aka ban banbanci sune latitude arctic. Cuckoo tsuntsu ne wanda ba a fassara shi ba. Yana buƙatar tushe a cikin wurare masu zafi, yanayin latitude har ma da tundra. Cuckoos na yau da kullun suna zaune a Turai da Rasha, Indiya, China da Japan. A cikin hunturu, gida a Afirka, Kudancin Indiya da Kudancin China.

Habitat

Cuckoo

Cuckoos sun zauna a wurare masu nisa, wuraren da ba kowa. Yawancin gandun daji mai tsayi, yankuna masu kafafu, dasa shuki. A cikin gandun daji na daji da kuma coniferous wadannan tsuntsaye baza a iya samunsu ba. A cikin wuraren da ke da ciyawa mai filaye.

Rayuwa

Cuckoo yana tashi sama

Yawancin nau'ikan cuckoo sune tsuntsaye masu ƙaura. Wakilan wakilan kwayoyin halittar, wadanda ke zaune a Turai da Kudancin Afirka, suna ƙaura zuwa Arewacin Afirka don hunturu. Cuckoos mai kauri, waɗanda ke zaune a Kudancin Afirka da Madagascar, suna tashi zuwa gabashin don hunturu.

Hanyar da aka fi yin nazari a rayuwa ita ce cuckoo. A mafi yawancin shekara, tsuntsu yakan iya zama a cikin dazuzzukan daji. Ba a nuna wa mutane ko dabbobi ba. A wannan lokacin, kusan ba ya rera waka. Cuckoos yana rayuwa mai ɓoye. Basu taɓa tara garken ba, suna yin nau'i-nau'i don kakar ɗaya. A lokacin kiwo, sun zama masu more rayuwa. Maza suna raira waƙoƙin murnarsu, mata kuma suna fara neman ƙasa don kiwo. Wasannin yan wasa suna kunshe da zanga-zanga, yaƙe-yaƙe na mata. Maza suna buɗe wutsiyoyi kuma suna gayyatar abokan tarayya. A cikin godiya ga gaskiyar cewa mace ta zaɓe shi, namiji ya kawo mata ɗanɗano ko ganye a matsayin kyauta.

Gida ta Cuckoo

Tsuntsayen Cuckoo ba sa gina mazauni kuma ba sa haihuwar. Wadannan tsuntsayen sune cikakkun parasites waɗanda suke kawar da ƙwaiyensu kuma suna kiyaye girman adadin mutane saboda wasu nau'in tsuntsayen. Cuckoos bashi da ilimin halin mahaifiya, saboda haka suna iya bakin kokarinsu don ganin sun sami 'yanci daga tarkacen uwa, suna jefa kwai zuwa wasu tsuntsaye. Don haka sukan ba da lokaci don abinci da annashuwa.

Tsawon rayuwar cuckoos shine shekara 9-11. Yawancin tsuntsayen suna mutuwa da ƙuruciya saboda masu dabbobin da ke lalata filayen tsuntsayen.

Babu kewayon kiwo. Yankuna kawai da mace ta maye gurbin ƙwai sun kasu kashi biyu. A wani rukunin yanar gizo, ana samun mata 2-3 a yanzun nan. Cokoos biyu ko uku na iya jefa ƙoshin su cikin gida guda.

Cuckoos biyu suna zaune akan bishiya

Cuckoos tsuntsaye ne masu yawa. Suna kirkirar nau'i-nau'i kawai don hadi da qwai. Ma'aurata maza suna da mata 5-10 a kowace rana. Mace suna tsammanin maza a kan “iyakar” yankinsu. Abokan tarayya sun ziyarci uwargidan sannan sai su bar mazauninta don neman abokin tarayya.

Hoton cuckoo qwai

Don ɗayan abin kama, macen ta kawo ƙwai 15. Ita za ta kwashe su duka zuwa mazaunan kusa. A lokaci guda, mahaifiyar cuckoo har yanzu tana kula da cubancanta na gaba - kafin ta sanya kwan, sai ta fitar da ƙungiyar ƙungiyar daga gida. Iyayen da suka yi renonsu ba sa kyankyasar yaransu, ba kuma yaransu ba. Yana faruwa cewa kurton ya bar ƙwai baƙi a cikin gida, amma waɗannan kajin ba kusan samun damar rayuwa ba, saboda cuckoo zai kwashe abincin duka kuma zasu mutu da yunwar.

Me yasa cuckoo ke sanya ƙwai

Hotunan kwai da aka dasa kwai

Wannan hanyar rayuwa ta bunkasa a cikin cuckoo saboda halayen halittu na jikin tsuntsu. Cuckoo yana sanya ƙwai tare da tsakanin kwanaki 3-5. A cikin lokacin bazara, tana kawo ƙwai fiye da dozin, yayin da yawancin nau'in tsuntsayen suna da ƙwai biyu cikin 2-4 a cikin kama. Chickks kyankyasai daidai da tsari na masonry. Idan cuckoo ya jefa 'ya'yansa da nasa, to zai zama lafiya wata biyu ya kasance a cikin gida. Bugu da kari, ta kasa ciyar da irin wadannan kajin da yawa, koda kuwa namiji zai taimaka mata. Saboda haka, juyin halitta ya haifar da cewa cuckoo bashi da zabi face haɓaka ƙuruciyarta da taimakon sauran tsuntsayen.

Neman ciyayi da jefa qwai

Cuckoo yana zaban iyaye don zuriyarta. Mafi yawancin lokuta, yakan dawo tare da asalin halittarsa ​​kuma yana jefa kwai ga waɗancan nau'in tsuntsayen da ita kanta take ciyar da su. Matar cuckoo tana lura da tsuntsayen, tana ɗaukar kanta a cikin maƙwabta tare da nau'ikan da ke tattare da ginin gidan. Da zarar tsuntsu ya tantance wurin da ake masonry, jikinsa yana farawa da samuwar kwai. Abar da ke cikin jikin tsuntsu yana daukar lokaci mai yawa. Shiryawa ciki na tsawon lokaci fiye da sauran tsuntsayen. Sabili da haka, tayi na cuckoos an kusan kafa su a lokacin kwanciya.

Wani kwai ya jefa

Cuckoo yana sanya ƙwai kai tsaye a cikin gidan wani. Don yin wannan, sai ta jira har maigidan ya ɓace, sannan cikin sakan 15 na aiwatar da kwanciya. Namiji yakan taimaka wa mace wajen korar masu daga gidan. Ya kewaya a kusa da gida, ya yi kamar ya shahara. Sauran tsuntsayen, suna jin tsoron kama su, suna tashi baya. Bayan nasarar da aka samu a wannan lokacin, matar ta dauki nauyin zuwa mazaunin wani. Hostungiyar mai masauki ta ci ko jefa. Yana faruwa cewa cuckoo ya makara tare da kwanciya, wato, a lokacin jefa, chan kajin sun shirya tsaf. Sannan cuckoo yana lalata brood, yana tsokane iyaye zuwa sabuwar hadi.

Hoton kajin cuckoo

Ana haihuwar 'yan tsana ne tun farko fiye da sauran, jarirai sun sami ci gaba fiye da uwargidan' yan uwa mata. Kukushata suna da hankali sosai. A koyaushe suna buƙatar abinci, abinci ko'ina cikin gundumar. Kajin Cuckoo ba sa son gasa kuma yawanci suna jefa iyayen da suka haife su daga gida. Halin korar baƙi ya ɓace a rana ta huɗu ta rayuwa. Cuckoos an haife shi baƙaƙen fata, tare da fata mai laushi. A cikin makonni uku na rayuwa, sun yi mubaya'a kuma sun tsaya a kan reshe. Amma sun ci gaba da ciyar da ciyar da iyayen da suka yi renon su na tsawon wata.

Ba duk cuckoos ke da hannu cikin ɓarna ba. Dabbobi a cikin Afirka na wurare masu zafi basa jefa kwai, amma suna gina gida ɗaya gama gari a ciki. Kiwo na zuriya ana yi ta tsuntsayen da suka manyanta.

Qwai Cuckoo a gida

Lokacin shiryawa yana da kwanaki 12. Qwai Cuckoo sun fi qwai na tsuntsayen kiwon dabbobi. Launin harsashi ya bambanta. Akwai fararen qwai da ɗigon launin ruwan kasa, akwai launin shuɗi-kore, rawaya mai kauri, launin ruwan kasa mai duhu.

Wasu nau'in cuckoos suna ɗaukar qwai girma da launi iri ɗaya daidai da ƙwai na masu ilimi. Cuckoos parasitizing a kan naru na nza, wagtails ko warblers, suna ɗaukar ƙaramin ƙananan launin ruwan kasa. Cuckoos, yafi son tsuntsayen hankaka da magamai, suka sa ƙwai girma. Ana iya samun ƙoshin Cuckoo a cikin tsuntsayen tsuntsayen masu wucewa, da kuma tsuntsayen waɗanda suke cikin dangin shaho. Mafi sau da yawa, yanayin cuckoo yana kan birni kamar yadda ake yin zane, warblers, ƙananan sarakuna, wrens, nightingales, swifts, sparrows, da sauransu Yawan nau'in kiwon dabbobi sun kai 300. Yawan cuckoos suna shayar da nau'in tsuntsu ɗaya. Wasu nau'ikan suna aiwatar da masonry a cikin rikice-rikice, ba masu bayyana irin nau'in tsuntsaye wannan ko wancan gida ba.

Cuckoos (Cuculus) - nau'in halittar tsuntsaye mafi yawa a cikin iyalin cuckoo. Yana da nau'ikan 15.

Manyan shaye shaye

Big cuckoo cuckoo akan bishiya

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus (Hierococcyx) sparverioides
• Weight: 150g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Cuckoo babban tsuntsu ne mai tsoka mai tsawon gaske, dogayen wutsiya mai kauri, fikafikan fuka-fukai da katako mai karfi. Yana ɗaukar nauyin kuzari 150 grams, tsawon jikin - 30-37 santimita. A launi da tsuntsu ne variegated: da baya da fuka-fuki suna ja-kasa-kasa da yawa mai haske aibobi. Ukun beige ne, kai ne launin ruwan kasa. Kirji da ciki farare ne masu duhu da launin shuɗi. Gashin baki mai duhu kore ne, gemu da kansa baƙi ne. Wutsiya mai duhu launin ruwan kasa tare da ratsi madaidaitan haske.

Babban cuckoo na zaune a kan igiya

Akwai babban kullen shaho a Indonesia da Asiya orarama. Yawancin gandun daji da dazuzzuka. Yana zaune a tsaunuka a tsawan tsawan 3,000 mita sama da matakin teku. Hawk cuckoos - tsuntsayen suna da amo da haushi. Suna ta kururuwa koyaushe, musamman bayan faɗuwar rana. Cuckoos sun sanya kwaiyensu akan tsuntsaye iri 36.

Harshen shaye shaye na Indiya

Cuckoo na Indiya yana hutawa a kan katako

Sunan Latin: Cuculus (Hierococcyx) bamban

Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Tsuntsu mai matsakaici ne, tsawonsa har zuwa santimita 39, nauyi - 160 grams. Yana jagorantar zaman rayuwa mai dorewa a Asiya orarama da Indiya. Cuckoo na Indiya yana zaune akan bishiyoyi, da wuya ya gangara ƙasa. Ya fi son lambuna, da katako, dazuzzuka masu kwari domin zama a ciki.

A cikin jirgin, cuckoo yana juyawa tsakanin fuka-fukan sauka da hawa, wanda ya sa ya yi kama da na shaho matasa, shi yasa ake kiran wannan nau'in "shaho". Cuckoo na Indiya yana da babban gashin da aka sanya shi mai danshi. Fuka-fukin launin ruwan duhu sun fi kama da fuka-fukai a cikin tsari, suna fitowa a fuskoki daban-daban.

A saman jiki yana fentin launin toka launin toka, ciki da kirji suna launin launin shuɗi tare da aibobi launin ruwan kasa. Wutsiya mai launin toka mai duhu tare da ratsi mai duhu. Mata da maza suna da launi iri ɗaya. Ana nuna bambancin jima'i cikin girma: namiji ya fi girma fiye da mace. Cuckoo na Indiya, kamar sauran nau'in, shine gurbi mai narkewa. Tana sanya ƙwai a cikin ciyayin fure.

Beck cuckoo

Beck cuckoo a cikin gandun daji

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus (Hierococcyx) vagans
• Weight: 140g
• Halin Kulawa: Matsayi

Birdan ƙaramin nimble, ba ya fi girma. Tsawon jikin - kimanin 32 santimita, nauyi - 140 grams. Kiwo a farko a Indonesia, Brunei, Malaysia, Myanmar, da kuma kudancin Thailand. Yana zaune a cikin wurare masu zurfi da ƙwari, a cikin gandun daji mai yawa. Yana jagorantar yanayin rayuwa. Dangane da haɓakar dazuzzuka daji, yawan gwanayen gemu suna raguwa.

Cuckoo na gemu yana wani abu

A baya, ƙusa, wutsiya da fuka-fukan an fentin launin ruwan kasa, wanda aka dilce da mayukan kirim. A makogwaron wata 'gemu' daga farin gashinsa. A kirji da ciki farare ne mai kyau tare da ratsi na tsaye na tsaye. Kafa da idanu suna rawaya. Gefen baki ne.

Hoton Cuckoo na Bearded

Tsubin cuckoo na gemu a lokacin bazara. Mace ta sanya kwai ɗaya mai lalacewa a cikin gida ga sauran tsuntsaye. Ckan ƙaramin cuckoo yana jefa sauran ƙwai daga cikin gida, ɗayan ɗayan ɗayan tare da iyayen mahaifa, waɗanda ke ciyar da shi har wata ɗaya. Sai kaji ya bar alkyabbar.

Cuckoo mai fuka-fuki

Cuckoo mai fuka-fukai da yawa

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus fugax
• Weight: 130g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Birdan ƙaramin tsuntsu tare da kai, mai dogon wutsiya mai fikafikai kuma gajerun fikafikai. Girman jikin mutum baya wuce gram 130, tsawon jikin sa shine santimita 30. Halinsa a cikin iska yana kama da shaho. Launi: baya, fuka-fuki da wutsiya ana fentin su a zanen launi, Abdomen, kirji da makogwaro sune cream tare da dogon zannuwa mai launin shuɗi-bends. Iyakokin wutsiya ja ne.

Cuckoo mai fikafikan kifi ya juya

Wannan nau'in cuckoo ya kasu kashi uku:

1. C. fugax - na zaune a Kudancin Burma, Thailand, Singapore, Borneo, yammacin Java,
2. C. hyperythrus - gida a China, Korea, Russia (Gabas ta Tsakiya) da Japan. Kungiyoyin da ke zaune a arewacin hunturu a Borneo. A Rasha suna zaune a cikin dazuzzukan tsaunin dutse.
3. C. nisicolor - aka rarraba a arewa maso gabashin Indiya, Burma, kudancin China.

Cuckoo mai kaifin fiɗa tana ta ihu da ƙarfi, amma yana da wahala a gan ta, tunda tana ɓoye cikin ɓoyayyiyar iska ko lokacin farin ciki. Ga masanan masana kimiyyar kere-kere, wannan shine ɗayan nau'ikan tsuntsayen da aka karance su sosai a dangin cuckoo.

Philippine cuckoo

Cuckoo na Philippine a cikin yanayin da aka saba

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus (Hierococcyx) pectoralis
• Weight: 120-140 g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Birdan karamin tsuntsu na daji, tsawon santimita 29 da sikelin 120-140. Plarfin tsofaffin mutane launin shuɗi ne a cikin babba da fararen fata. A kan wutsiya akwai ratsi na mayal 3 launuka mai launin baki ko ocher. Iyakokin wutsiya ja ne. Gefen baki yana da tushe na zaitun. A kusa da ido shine zoben rawaya. Yaran dabbobi suna da ratsin ja a ciki.

Cuckoo na Philippine yana zaune a kan reshe na bakin ciki

Gasar wurin cuckoo na wannan nau'in shine Philippines. A baya can, an gano jinsin Filipino a matsayin mai wakiltar cuckoo, amma a cikin rarrabuwa ta zamani ana ɗaukar nau'ikan Philippine a matsayin jinsin mai zaman kanta. Yi la'akari da wannan ra'ayoyi daban ne da aka ba da izinin fasahar magana. Waƙar cuckoo ta ƙunshi sauti daban-daban 7.

Tsuntsayen Philippine suna zaune sama da matakin teku (mita 2300), a gefen gandun daji. Ciyarwa a kan kwari na itace. Lokacin mating yana farawa ne a tsakiyar lokacin bazara kuma ya wuce watanni 3. Wani gurbi ne mai narkewa.

Indonesiyan Hawk Cuckoo

Cuckoo 'yan Indonesian suna hutawa

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus crassirostris
• Weight: 130g
• Halin Kulawa: Matsayi

Wani karamin tsuntsu na dangin cuckoo, wanda aka rarraba a cikin gandunan tsibirin Sulawesi (Indonesia). Yankuna a tsawan sama da tsawan mita 1400 sama da matakin teku. Tsawon jikin mutum shine santimita 29-30, nauyi - 130 grams.

Cuckoo na Indonisiya na duban wani abu

Masana kimiyya basu riga sun tabbatar da wane tsuntsayen cuckoo suke jefa ƙwaiyensu ba.Ana tsammanin mai yiwuwa mai kulawa shine drongo.

Red-breasted Cuckoo

Red-breasted cuckoo ci wani tsutsa

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus solitarius
• Weight: 120-125 g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Tsuntsu ya matsakaici a cikin girman (tsayin jiki - santimita 28, nauyi - giram 120-125).

Ruwan shayarwa mai launin ja ta zauna akan bishiya

An kawata kai da wutsiyar cuckoo a launi mai hoto, baya yana da launin toka. Haske mai launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan wuta yana hade da layin launin ruwan kasa mai haske. An narkar da launin toka da wutsiya tare da manyan fararen hular. Kyakkyawan fasalin a cikin daskararren abincin jan-breasted cuckoo shine babban tabarau mai haske mai launin ruwan kasa akan makogwaro.

Babban cuckoo mai launin jan-baki yana zaune a Afirka ta Kudu. Yana jagorantar rayuwar nomadic. Gidajen Cuckoo sune gandun daji.

Red-breasted cuckoo a cikin jirgin

Tsuntsaye masu-jan daɗi suna zaune su kaɗai, basu taɓa tara garken ba. Bayan jefa ƙwai a cikin mazaunin wani tsuntsu (passerines yawanci suna zama iyayen da suka haife ku), an cire cuckoo daga wurin kuma baya komawa zuwa yankin da ya gabata. Don kama ɗaya, ƙuƙwalwar ta kawo ƙwai launin ruwan sama har guda 20. Ta kai su zuwa kusa da nishi. Mafi sau da yawa, mata wagtails suna cuckooed.

Black cuckoo

Cutar fata baƙar fata tana da haɗari da kyau

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus clamosus
• Weight: 135-145 g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Tsuntsu ya kai giram 135-155, tsawon jikin sa shine santimita 35. Wannan ƙaramin tsuntsu ne mai yawan gaske, wanda aka fentin yafi a launuka duhu. Kungiyoyin Cuculus na alkama clamosus suna sanye da baƙin jini tare da bugun jini a kirji. Tsuntsayen masu saukar ungulu Cuculus clamosus gabonensis baƙar fata ne tare da jan kunne da farin mottles a ciki. Black cuckoo na zaune a yankin Saharar Afirka. Сlamosus - Tsuntsayen da ke ƙaura zuwa cikin Maris zuwa Yammacin Yammacin Afirka ko Tsakiyar Afirka. Сlamosus gabonensis yana jagorantar tsarin rayuwa.

Hoto na cuckoo

Black cuckoo na sanya ƙwai cikin tsuntsayen iri 22. Babban nau'ikan masu ilimantarwa sune rairawar waka da jan kunne da Habashawa.

Cuckoo na Indiya

Cuckoo na Indiya zai tashi ko a'a

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus micropterus
• Weight: 120g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Cuckoo na Indiya shi ne tsuntsu mai ƙaura. Yi ƙaura zuwa Indiya da Indonesia don hunturu. A lokacin rani yana sheka a gabashin kasar Sin, wani lokacin yakan sauka a yankin dazuzzukan da ke da kwari mai kyau na Gabas ta Tsakiya. Wannan nau'in ya yi kama da na kurma da cuckoo na yau da kullun, kawai bambanci shine cewa babu wuraren jan ja a cikin matattara. Jikin tsuntsu yana launin ruwan kasa, iyakar wutsiya baƙi ne. Babbar yadudduka masu rauni suna kan kirji.

Boye Indo Cuckoo

Cuckoo na Indiya ya jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa, ta ɓoye. Ba a san kaɗan game da halaye da salon tsuntsu ba. Masana kimiyyar kere-kere sun sani tabbas takan sanya sama da ƙwai 20 a cikin kakar kuma ta sanya su ga tsuntsayen tsuntsaye. Koyaya, sauran ƙwai ba a jefa su ba.

Cuckoo

Cuckoo na gama gari akan itace mara ganye

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus canorus
• Weight: 90-190 g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Mafi nau'in nau'in tsuntsu shine dangin cuckoo. Yankin yana da faɗi sosai kuma ya haɗa da yawancin Turai, Minan Asiya, Siberiya, Korea, China, Kuril da tsibirin Japan.

1. S. s. Canorus - yana zaune ne a Scandinavia, a Arewacin Rasha da Siberiya, Japan, Iberian Peninsula, Tsakiyar Asiya. Masu cin nasara a kudu na Asiya da Afirka.
2. C. c. Bakeri - gida a Asiya da Indonesia.
3. C. c. bangsi - Range: berasar Iberian, Tsibirin Balearic, Arewacin Afirka. Yi ƙaura zuwa Afirka ta Kudu don hunturu.
4. C. c. Subtelephonus - rarraba a Tsakiyar Asiya. Yana ciyar da hunturu a Kudancin Asiya da tsakiyar Afirka.

Cuckoo na yau da kullun a kan ginshiƙi

Tsuntsaye masu matsakaici ba su wuce santimita 34 kuma tsinkayensu ya kai gram 190. A cikin maza manya, na baya mai launin toka ne. Tsutsa da kirji na sama ashen ne. A ciki haske ne. Mata suna da nau'i biyu: ɗayansu yana da launin launuka daidai kamar na namiji (bambancin kawai shine kasancewar gashin fuka-fukai a bayan mace da jan a makogwaron), na biyu gaba ɗaya ya banbanta da na namiji - babba na ciki yana ja kuma ƙananan shine cream a launi. Duffai masu duhu suna nan a baya da ciki. A cikin kananan tsuntsaye, firam yayi haske, ya bambanta.

Hoto na cuckoo na talakawa akan waya mai ƙarfe

A cikin cuckoo na kowa, layin duhu mai duhu yana kasancewa akan ciki da ƙananan ɓangare na reshe. Wutsiya tana da nau'i mai kyau, dogo. Fuka-fukan a ƙarshen suna nuna, tsawo. Kafafu suna gajeru, kauri. Lokacin da tsuntsu ya zauna, manyan kanana ne kawai zasu iya gani wa mai kallo.

Kuma sake, talakawa cuckoo a kan waya

Ciki daya na al'ada shine ya sanya ƙwai 300 na tsuntsaye. Dangane da abubuwan lura da masana kimiyyar kayan ado, wasu mata daga cikin kukanan karkara suna jefa kwayayen su ga waɗancan tsuntsayen da ke ɗauke da kwai iri ɗaya.

Afirka ta cuckoo

Afirka ta cuckoo akan bushe reshe

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus gularis
• Weight: 100-110g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Tsuntsayen manya suna da nauyin gram 110, tare da matsakaicin tsayin jiki na 32 santimita. Launin launin shudi yayi daidai da na ɗan kumatun talakawa, kawai bambanci shine rarraba launuka masu launin shuɗi da baki akan baki. Matan Afirka ba su da alamun ja a bayansu, sai dai akwai tabo masu launin tubali a jikinsu.

Hoton cuckoo na Afirka a kan dutse

Cuckoo na Afirka yana zaune a Kudancin Afirka. Yana zaune a cikin ƙananan dunƙule, filayen budewa. Yana guje wa hamada da ciyayi mai bushe. Ya sanya ƙwayayen ƙwayayensa a cikin gidajen da ake makoki da baƙin ciki.

Jin kukan kurciya ko cuckoo guda ɗaya da ake magana

Makaho cuckoo ya ji wani abu

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus optatus
• Weight: 90-100g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Tsuntsu karami ne mai girman gaske, tare da matsakaicin nauyin gram 90. Double eye na al'ada cuckoo: bayyanar, halaye da halaye iri ɗaya ne da na hers. Yana jagorantar rayuwar sirri. Yanki a cikin m conifers a Siberiya, Urals da Far East. Don hunturu kwari zuwa kudu maso gabas Asia, Indonesia, Ostiraliya.

Cuckoo ɗaya da ake magana da gajiya ta gaji da zama a ƙasa

Kunnen cuckoo ake kiranta da ita saboda gaskiyar abin da yasa sauti mara sauti yake ji. A lokacin kiwo, yana tsammanin lokacin da sauran tsuntsaye za su kama. Lays ƙwai ne musamman a cikin nests da jinsunan tsuntsaye masu kusanci - warbler.

Kurma cuckoo a kan twig

Dimorphism na jima'i ba shi da ƙarfi, maza da mata daidai suke, suna da launi iri ɗaya a cikin hunturu. A lokacin rani, launi ya bambanta. Mata suna da ƙarin gashin fuka-fukai, yayin da maza suna da matsala mai kyau, sauran kuma jikin farar fata ne.

Cuculus saturatus

Cuculus saturatus akan reshen reshe

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus saturatus
• Weight: 90-100g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Birdan tsuntsu ɗan ƙaramin abu wanda yafi son zama. Nauyin namiji mai girma shine gram 90, tsawon jikinsa - santimita 8.

Yankunan rarraba - yanki daga Himalayas zuwa Sin da Taiwan. Masu cin nasara a Kudancin Asiya. A da, cuckoo na kurma wani ɓangare ne na ƙungiyar halittu. Tsuntsayen suna zaune a cikin wuraren da aka katse daga tsaunuka. Sautunan da aka yi ta cuckoo ba iri ɗaya bane a cikin sautikan da aka yi ta al'ada. Waƙar ta ƙunshi baƙaƙe da sauraran wasali.

Habitat Cuculus saturatus

Kamar sauran nau'ikan cuckoos shine gurbi na rayuwa. Tsoron qwai zuwa chops. Qwai ƙananan, masu launin-cream tare da furucin ja da yawa. Launin tuhuma yana da kyau. Ciki ciki da nono suna da maƙar fata tare da madaidaiciya madaidaiciya ratsi. Fuka-fukan fikafikai ne masu duhu, baya na launin toka-launin ruwan kasa. Akwai farin tabo a kan “kafadu”.

Cuckoo na Malaysia

Binciken yarinyar Malaysian

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus lepidus
• Weight: 90-100g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Tsayin jiki 30 santimita, nauyi - 100 grams. Shugaban, makogwaro da kirji launin toka ne mai duhu. Ciki ciki yana da maƙar fata mai yawa. Wutsiyar baƙar fata ce da fari. Mata suna da baƙar fata a leda, ciki da kirji.

Binciken Cuckoo na Malaysia

Wannan nau'in tsuntsayen suna zaune ne a kudu maso gabashin Asiya. A baya can, nau'in wani bangare ne na kungiyar Cuculus saturatus tare da Himalayan da kurma cuckoos. Yanzu an dauki shi azaman wani nau'in daban.

1. Cuculus lepidus lepidus - yana zaune a Indiya, China, Indonesia.
2. Ana samun insulindae na Cuculus lepidus a Borneo.

Yawan tsuntsaye ya ɗan ɗanɗana, amma ya yi wuri don magana game da ƙarewar yawan jama'a.

Karamin cuckoo

Ckaramin cuckoo akan ƙaya

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus poliocephalus
• Weight: 90g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Yawancin mazaunan suna zaune a Asiya da tsibirin Indonesiya. Ana samun iesan mallaka a cikin Kudancin Primorye na Rasha. Don lokacin hunturu na tashi zuwa Gabashin Afirka da Sri Lanka. Tsuntsu ya ci kwari, gandun daji ne. Fa'idodin ƙasa a kan sauran tsuntsayen, galibi wakilan mawaƙa suna ba da izini.

Cuan ƙaramin cuckoo yana zaune a kan reshe

Cuaramin cuckoo yayi daidai da girmansa zuwa mai zane. Tsawon jikin - 25 santimita, nauyi 70-90 grams. Launin Jiki yana launin toka da fari, baƙi da ruwan hoda. Fuka-fuki da jela suna duhu tare da manyan fararen fata. A cikin ciki akwai ratsi na baki. A cikin kananan dabbobi, tabo launin rawaya yana nan a bayan kai. An bambanta ƙaramin cuckoo daga wasu nau'in tsuntsayen dangin cuckoo ta jirgin sama mai saɓin - tsuntsun yana kama da ruwa.

Madagaskar Caramin Cuckoo

Madagascar Little Cuckoo zata fadi da wuri

• Sunan Latin: Cuculus rochii
• Weight: 90g
• Matsayi na Kare: Damuwa ta Damuwa

Karamin tsuntsu mai nauyin gram 90 da tsawon santimita 28. Tana da jiki mai santsi, dogaye wutsiya da fikafikai. An yi masa zane a cikin sautunan launin toka-baki tare da gamsasshiyar farin, launin ruwan kasa, launuka masu tsami.

Madagascar Little Cuckoo tana fuka fukafukanta

Yawancin nau'in tsuntsayen suna zaune a Madagascar. Koyaya, baya ga lokacin kiwo, tsuntsaye suna tashi zuwa tsibiran Tekun Indiya (Buruni, Malawi, Uganda, Zambia). Mahalli gandun daji, ƙafafun ƙafa.

Wanene cuckoo tsoron

Cuckoo a bazara

Yawancin tsuntsayen da yawa ba sa iya fadawa cikin cunkoson dabbobi da tsuntsayen ganima saboda saurin gudu. Kwatancen waje zuwa ga shaho-shaho yana taimaka wajan barin ƙaddara mai kisa. Birdsanan tsuntsaye da tattabarai, suna ganin cuckoo a cikin nesa, suna kuskure shi don maƙarƙashiya, suna watsar da su ta fuskoki daban-daban.

Abokan rantsuwa na cuckoo - Oriole

Cuckoos sun zama masu fama da cutar Orioles, masu firgitarwa, warblers, da kuma daskararrun kankara. Mafi sau da yawa, cuckoo na fama da waɗannan tsuntsayen lokacin da suke ƙoƙarin dasa kwai a cikin mazaunin su. Matasan kajin da ke koyon tashi sama suna cikin haɗarin mutum. 'Yan ta'adda, shaho da kwari suna farautar kananan dabbobi. Suna rusa gidaje kuma suna lalata ƙwai da karen ciyayi da jays. A cewar masana ilimin halittar dabbobi, kawai kowane Cuckoo kaji na tsira daga balaga.

Mai haɗari Marten

Karka damu kwantar da abincin kyarma, abinci, fitsari da cat. Amma irin wannan abincin mai dadi kamar kayan kwalliya ba shi yiwuwa ya riski dabbobi, tunda cuckoo yana ƙoƙarin kada ya faɗi ƙasa.

Kayan kaji a gida

Kawun Cuckoo ya watsar da gida

Cinckoos na girma suna da sha'awar duniyar waje kuma galibi suna fada daga gida. Kajin da suka fadi sun zama ganima ga dabbobi masu shayarwa, kamar yadda iyayen masu koransu ba su cikin hanzari don taimakawa.

Za'a iya ciyar da cuckoo a gida. An san hakan

Cuckoos tsuntsaye ne masu kwari. Kuna buƙatar ciyar da su da abincin asalin dabba. AT

a cikin daji, tushen abincin shine matafiyu. Yara dabbobi suna ci da yawa kuma sau da yawa. AT

a rana ya ci abinci har zuwa matafikai 50. Kuma ya nemi ya ci kowane rabin sa'a. Cuckoo na fursuna

suna ciyar da tsutsotsi na gari, waɗanda ake sayar da su a cikin shagunan dabbobi. Idan ba saba

don abincin tsuntsu, to, ku bayar da minced nama gaurayayyen tare da raw kwai, abincin ruwa don

karnuka da kuliyoyi. abincin gwangwani.

Ba shi da mahimmanci ga kajin wanene ke biye da shi. suna buɗe bakinsu da nishaɗi da zaran mutum ya matso.

A ƙarshen watan rayuwa, kajin zai koyi yadda ake abinci da kansa. Da zaran ka hau kan reshe

yakamata a kyale shi ya tafi kyauta. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, cuckoos ba za a iya tamed.

Bayan ya balaga, nan da nan sai tsuntsu zai tashi zuwa daji.

Bayanan Gaske

Cuckoo tsakanin furanni

1. Cuckoo kunama mai cinyewa mara lahani
2. A lokacin ƙaura, cuckoo ba tare da hutawa ya mamaye kilomita 3,500 ba.
3. Ofaya daga cikin alamomin Russia shine agogon cuckoo.
4. A cikin Scotland, ana kiran "Ranar Wawaye na Afrilu" (1 ga Afrilu) "Ranar Cuckoo."
5. A Japan, cuckoo alama ce ta masifar. Sautin sowarta yana ɗaukar wata wuta, yunwa da mutuwa.
6. A cikin Russia, akwai imani: sau nawa cuckoo ya cika makil, don haka shekaru da yawa sun ragu don rayuwa.
7. An kwatanta uwa-uba da cuckoo: mace ta bar ɗanta - tayi kamar tsuntsu.

Alamu game da cuckoos

Cuckoo akan tsohuwar itaciya

A Rasha, cuckoo ta keɓance mace. A cewar wata almara, tsuntsu ya zama kwalliya ga mata, wanda rayuwar iyali ba ta inganta ba.

Alamu da yawa suna da alaƙa da halayyar da kuma sautin tsuntsu. Yawancinsu ba su da kyau.

• tsuntsu ya bayyana ga mutum - jira matsala,
• idan cuckoo ya zauna a kan rufin gidan kuma ya fara kururuwa cike da damuwa - ba da daɗewa ba wani zai mutu a wannan gidan. Cuckoo ne ya lullube mutum da mutuwa,
• don jin cuckoo a cikin fall - da rashin alheri
• alama ce mara kyau idan mutum ya ji cuckoo bayan Ranar Peter (12 ga Yuli). Domin kada wani abu ya faru da mutumin, ya zama tilas a ihu “cuckoo” a amsa. Idan tsuntsu yayi shuru, ba wani mummunan abu da zai faru,
• idan tsuntsaye suka bayyana a cikin sito, wannan yana nuna mutuwar dabbobin gida,
• Idan mutum ya kalli matattarar gawa yana nufin mutum zai wuce matsaloli da masifu.
• idan tsuntsu ya tashi akan wani ƙauye, to wannan halin yana nuna tsawa mai zuwa,
• cuckoo ya tashi zuwa cikin gidan - wannan yana nufin cewa wani daga gidan yana cikin matsanancin damuwa,
• don ganin yadda cuckoo ya buge taga da fadi - mummunan alama ce da ke alƙawarin bala'i wanda mutane da yawa za su mutu.

• idan mutum ya ji a karo na farko cikin shekara guda, to lallai kana buƙatar yin fatawa kuma lalle zai zama gaskiya,
• idan ka girgiza walat dinka yayin da kake rera waƙa, ba za a mayar da kuɗin aƙalla wani shekara ba,
• tantance yanayi ta hanyar kukan. Mafi yawan lokaci tana tashi tsuntsaye akan yanayi mai kyau, bayyananne,
• yayin da cuckoo ke waka, da wuri bazara zata zo,
• idan cuckoo yayi kuka da ƙarfi, to, za a yi ruwan sama da wuri.

Akwai karin magana da karin magana game da cuckoos. ofaya daga cikin "The Night Cuckoo yana cin abinci a rana." Ma'anar wannan maganar ita ce: daren cuckoo alama ce ta mace mai hikima, cuckoo ranar - suriki, wacce ke kawo cikas ga surukarta. An sani cewa a cikin yanayin cuckoo tsuntsaye kusan ba sa magana, muryarsu a wannan lokacin da rana ta yi shuru kuma mara nauyi. Da rana, waɗannan tsuntsayen ba su yi shuru ba. Yin hukunci da wannan maganar, wayayyar matar tana da tasiri sosai a kan maigidanta fiye da mahaifiyar da ba ta gajarta (abokai, abokan aiki, shugaba). Mace mai hikima cikin natsuwa da sanin yakamata ta bayyana wa mijinta yadda ake yin abin da ya dace. Sai suka ce: matar za ta yi “famfo”.

Vocalization

Cuckoo cuckoo

Maza ne kawai zasu iya dafa. Cuckoos yakan yi sauti mai sanyin hankali wanda namiji ne kawai yake ji. Maza suna yawan magana a lokacin ma'aurata. Tare da waƙoƙin farin ciki na yara, suna jan hankalin abokan zama.

Sautin murfin da aka sanya

Tsarin tsuntsayen da ba a san ko su wanne ba shi ne cuckoos. Suna jin karar hayaniyar su, suna kama da dubun mita a kusa, ana jin su ko da dare. Kashi 80% na kalmomi ana yin su da dogon wasali.

A lokacin kiwo, maza na shaho cuckoo suna fitowa da babbar kukan. Waƙar ta ƙunshi nau'ikan sauti nau'i uku. Bayanin farko yana da ƙasa, na biyu yana ɗaukar octaves biyu mafi girma kuma ya kai crescendo, to, kukan ya fashe. Bayan 5-10 seconds, waƙar maimaita. Maza suna raira waƙa tun daga wayewar gari har zuwa maraice.

Hawayen Indiya

A watannin bazara, maza na Indiyawan cuckoo suna alama mazauninsu tare da babbar kukan mara kira. A cikin waƙoƙi, tsuntsayen suna amfani da bayanin kula guda uku waɗanda suke maimaitawa kowane minti 3-5. Bayanin farko yana ƙasa, na biyu yafi yawa, na uku shine crescendo. Sannan wakar ta kare kwatsam. Muryar mata tana birgewa, tare da ɗimbin yawa na wasula marasa ƙarfi. Waƙar ta ƙunshi jerin "ku-kkurk - kuuk."

A cikin rubabben kayan cin abinci na Philippine - sautuna 5-7. Waƙar da take da ƙarfi tana wuce 1.5-2 seconds, maimaita har zuwa sau 10.Kowane sabon sautin yana sauti da sauri.

Cuckoo na yau da kullun zai kusan tashi

Compan wasanmu ya saba da muryar talakawa. A lokacin tarawar, namiji yakan yi ihu “ku-ku” ana auna shi a ko'ina cikin gandun daji, yana maimaita "kalmar" sau 10-15. Duk lokacin da kalmar ta yi sauti da karfi, tare da jadadda kalma ta farko. Developeda'idar sautin na cuckoo na kowa yana haɓaka sosai. A rana mai sanyin jiki, ana jin wakarta a nesa nesa da kilomita biyu. A lokacin haɗari, faɗa ko kishiya, waƙar da aka zana tana da sauri, mai son rai, tana jin sauti ba tare da tsayawa ba. Tare da ɗan ɗan gajeren hancin da kuma sautin sauti, mai “kwandon” mai tsayi, mai kwantar da hankali, ya zama juzu'i, "waƙar gargaɗi". Cuckoos suna rera waƙoƙi a tsakiyar Afrilu kuma suna waƙa har zuwa farkon kwanakin watan Agusta. A wannan lokacin, sautin tsuntsaye a bayyane yake, bayyane, karin waƙa. A waje da lokacin kiwo, sautin cuckoo kurma ne kuma mai kauri ne.

Mata suna yin wasu sautuka. Waƙoƙinsu dogaye ne, sun haɗa da 3-4 "Sli-Kli-Kli", "Bill-Bill-Bill". Mata suna rera waƙa yayin jirgin. Waƙar tasu ta ɗauki tsawon sakan 2-4, sannan akwai hutu na biyu sannan kuma waƙar ya sake farawa. A waje da lokacin kiwo, mace tana yin shuru kamar zato.

Makaho mai ƙuna ba zai iya furta kalmar "cuckoo" ba. Waƙarta tana iya tunawa da sautin kudanci, muryar "ooo-ooo-oo" ko "oo-oo-oo-oo." Namiji yana da murya mara nauyi, mara nauyi; mace tana da murya mai kaifi, mai amo.

Cuculus saturatus yayi kururuwa

An bayyana kukan cuculus da babbar murya, "oops-up-up-oops". Amsarsa kamar ta kurma ce, tana kunshe da bayanan kula 2-3, ana maimaita su har sau 10 a cikin wucewa guda.

Maza Cuckoo suna rawa fiye da na mace. Wakilan maza suna raira waƙoƙi a tsakiyar bazara. Tsuntsaye suna raira waƙoƙi a guje, suna zaune a kan bishiya, suna "sadarwa" tare da mata. Waƙarsa ita ce muryar maɗaukaki na "tew-tew-tew" ko "tew-tew-tew." Waƙar mace tana da nutsuwa, tana da sauri, tare da musanya nau'ikan nau'ikan kalmomi ɗaya “mai sauri-da sauri”. Tsakanin waƙar yana sauti da ƙarfi sama da na ƙarshe na ƙarshe.

Bayanan fim

Sabuntawar karshe bayani: 02.19.18

2002, Yuni - XXIV Moscow International Film Festival - sa hannu cikin shirin gasar
* Azurfa St. George Kyautar don Babban Darekta (Alexander Rogozhkin)
* Azurfa St. George Prize don Mafi Kyawun Actor (Ville Haapasalo)
* Kyautar Zabin Mutane
* Kyautar FIPRESCI
* Kyautar da Federationungiyar filmungiyar fina-finai ta Rasha

Yuli 2002 - X "Bikin Fitowa" a St. Petersburg
* Grand Prix Gryphon mafi kyawun fim

2002, Agusta - X bikin fim "Window zuwa Turai" a Vyborg - sa hannu cikin shirin gasa
* Babban kyauta don mafi kyawun fim
* Kyautar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo (Annie-Christina Yuuso)

2002, Oktoba - Bikin fina-finai na Kasa da Kasa "Europa Cinema" a Viareggio, Italiya - kasancewa cikin shirye-shiryen gasar
* Babban kyauta don mafi kyawun fim
* Kyautar don jagoranci (Alexander Rogozhkin)

2002, Disamba - 3 Kyautar kyaututtukan zinare na Guasa ta Nationalasa da Masu sukar Fim:
* don mafi kyawun fim na shekara
* don mafi kyawun rubutun (Alexander Rogozhkin)
* don Mafi kyawun ressarna (Annie-Christina Yuuso)

Lambar yabo ta Golden Eagle (2002):
Mafi kyawun fim
Mafi kyawun Darekta (Alexander Rogozhkin)
Mafi kyawun allo (Alexander Rogozhkin)
Mafi kyawun Actor (Victor Bychkov)

2003, Maris - 4 Kyautukan Nika:
* don mafi kyawun fim na shekara
* don kyakkyawan jagoranci (Alexander Rogozhkin)
* don Mafi kyawun ressarna (Annie-Christina Yuuso)
* don mafi kyawun aikin mai zane (Vladimir Svetozarov

2003 - Troy International Film Festival, Fotigal
* Kyautar don fim mafi kyau
* Kyautar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo (Annie-Christina Yuuso)

2003 - XI Honfleur Fim na Rasha, Faransa
* Grand Prix don mafi kyawun fim
* Kyautar don mafi kyawun Actor (Victor Bychkov)
* Kyautar 'yar wasan kwaikwayo (Annie-Christina Yuuso)