Bangaren Swahili yana da wata magana da ke cewa: "Abin da ke na zaki, ba za a iya ɗaukar damisa ba." Tabbas, damisa bazai iya yin gwagwarmaya tare da zaki ba da karfi ko girmansa, amma iyawarsa mai ban mamaki da ya dace da yanayin ya bashi damar zama da kuma kwarewar sassa daban-daban na nahiyoyi biyu.
Laka ba tare da wata shakka ba ɗayan manyan kuliyoyi masu yawan wadata a duniyarmu. Rasa yankin da iyakarta kawai ga cougar Amurka (zaki mai tsauni), tana zaune a cikin daji da kuma gandun daji, dazuzzuka masu haɗi, savannahs da tsaunuka a cikin Afirka da Asiya - daga Gabas ta Tsakiya har zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Daidaita rayuwa
Menene dalilin irin wannan wadatar? Amsa guda ɗaya ce kawai - damarar damisa ta iya daidaitawa da halaye daban-daban da jin daɗin fa'idodin waɗannan wuraren da sauran manyan kuliyoyi ba za su iya rayuwa ba. Kasancewa mai hawa dutse mai ban sha'awa, shi, kamar babu danginsa, yana amfana da rayuwa akan bishiyoyi. Wsarfin tsoka mai ƙarfi yana ba da dabbar damar tsalle zuwa ƙananan reshe, kuma hawa mafi girma, yana manne da haushi tare da kaifi mai kaifi - wannan batun fasaha ne. Zakuna da sauran manyan kuliyoyin ba su yi mafarkin wannan wasa ba, kuma idan ana bin damisa za a iya guje wa wasu mutuwa ta hanyar tsallake bisa bishiya. Wasu leopards sun kware wannan dabinon har ya zuwa yanzu, yayin da suke aiki da rassan, sai suka kama tsuntsayen Guinea, da kuma tsoran da suka firgita da su sun fado ƙasa kuma suka fashe.
Sassanin motsawa:
Leopard (Latin Panthera pardus) babban wakili ne a gidan cat. Dabbobin suna da kyau sosai. Fatar dabbar tana da tushen zinare, wanda a baki suke bazu ko'ina.
Leopards suna da tsari mai sauƙin canzawa da saurin aiki. Headan ƙaramin kai, kafaffun kafaɗa, dogo mai tsayi - damisa daman ƙaunar alheri ce. Kuma mafi kyawun yatsu da tsummokoki suna sanya dabbar ta zama ɗayan mafiya hatsari.
A Rasha, wannan maɓallin baƙon abu ba ne, galibi a cikin Caucasus, a kudu da Far East. Leopards sun zauna a cikin gandun daji na wurare masu zafi da kwari. Sun fi so su zauna a cikin daɓo na daji da tsakanin duwatsu a tsaunuka.
Kodayake damisa tana da ƙasa da zaki da kuma damisa, amma ta fi gaban waɗannan mafarauta cikin ƙarfi da sauri. Damisa tana da girma a ƙasa kuma tana zaune a kan reshen itace mai tsayi. Hankalin dabbar yana da kyau kwarai, ƙungiyoyi suna walƙiya cikin sauri. Dayawa sun yi imanin cewa damisa sun fi gaban farauta a dangin cat.
Matan suna shigo da zuriyar dabbobi har zuwa uku. Namijin kusan bashi da hannu ga kiwon dabbobi, amma yakan ci gaba da zama kuma a lokaci-lokaci yakan ziyarci mace tare da sanduna. Shekarar farko da rabi suna da mama. A wannan lokacin, mace tana da kishi sosai kuma tana haɓaka jarirai a hankali.
Kwanan nan, an gudanar da wani sabon abu don fararen fata na fata. Koyaya, ana gudanar da shi yanzu, kawai an saba doka. Kusan a ko'ina an haramta farauta leopard.
Dankali a cikin ɗaki ƙarƙashin marufi
Leonards sun daɗe da gane cewa akan bishiyoyi ba za ku iya tserewa daga abokan gaba ko farauta ba, har ma da adana kayan abinci. Idan kuna son - yi imani da shi ko a'a - amma damisa yana da ikon jan gawa a cikin ƙananan reshe, nauyinsa daidai yake da nasa. A wurin, ba zaki, ko damisa, ko tsuntsaye, ko jakuna, ko kuma wasu masoya ba za su iya amfana daga ganimar wani ba, kuma mafarauci da kansa zai iya zuwa cikin nutsuwa ya dawo wurin cin abincin a cikin 'yan kwanaki.
Ana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cin nasarar damisa ta ikon da yake da shi na samun daidaituwa tare da mutum, ba musamman fama da ci gaban jama'a da fadada gonaki a wuraren farautar wannan cat ba. Tabbas, babu wata alamar abokantaka tsakanin mutane ta hanyar damisa 11 - wani lokacin ma sukan kaiwa mutane hari, kuma idan suka zauna a kusa da ƙauyen, basa ganin abin kunya ne don farautar dabbobin gida, musamman karnuka da awaki.
A kan taken: ci gaban hanyoyin, gabatar da gabatarwa
Jagora bayanin kula: makarantar sakandare. Jigo na darasi: “Yin wasa abin birgewa ne! (E. Labarin Charushin“ Nikita mafarauci ne ”). Buneev, E.V. Buneeva, Litera.
A watan Satumba, Primorye ya riga ya saba da bikin ranar Amur Tiger da Leopard. Zan yi bikin Ranar Tiger, kyakkyawan dabbar da alama ce ta Terimorsky Territory, girma da dukiyar d.
Anan ana tattara kayan didactic don aikin muhalli a makarantar firamare.
Shafin kalandar muhalli "Ranar Amur Tiger da Leopard" misali ne don darasin Ingilishi a aji na 4 "Kalandar muhalli".
An sadaukar da bikin don bikin tunawa da shekaru 100 na tsarin ajiyar kaya na Rasha.
Damisa ta Gabas wani yanki ne na damisa na ajin dabbobi masu shayarwa, da umarnin dabbobi, da kuma magogin cat. Wannan shi ne ɗayan kuliyoyi a duniya.
Budurwa mai farauta
Leopards ba kawai masu hawa masu tasowa bane masu ban mamaki, har ma da manyan masu farauta. Kamar yadda ya cancanci "cat da ke tafiya da kanshi," damisa yana zaune yana farauta shi kaɗai - ba kamar zaki bane wanda ke kama kamun kifi. Yawancin damisa suna farauta a cikin daren da dare, ko da yake wasu sun fi son sanyi da safe ko faɗuwar maraice, lokacin, ɓoye cikin inuwa mai zurfi, zaku iya ɗaukar ganima ta hanyar mamaki. Baya ga awaki na gida da karnuka, damisa ta dauki tarnaki na doka ga manyan tsuntsaye, birai, dabobi, aladu na daji, barewa da barewa. Matasa matasa sun fahimci hikimar yin HANYA Daga tun yana ɗan ƙarami.
An haife su cikin rashin taimako da makaho mara nauyi wanda yake nauyin daga 430 zuwa 570 g. Amma yayin da suka cika watanni uku ana yaye su daga madarar uwa kuma suke amfani da ranar gaba daya a farauta, suna shirya kwanton-bauna da kuma bin juna. Yaran sun koyi darasi na farko na wannan farauta ta hanyar bin beraye da berayen, kuma idan suka girma, sai su canza zuwa manyan tsuntsaye da matattarar matasa. Bayan shekaru biyu, damisa matasa suna kware duk dabarun zama don 'yancin kai kuma tuni sun gama rabuwa da mahaifiyarsu.
Wani kawa mai santsi a jiki ta na aiki damisa kamar karon kyau. A bango mai launin toka-mai-haske ko launin toka-toka-duhu, aibobi rosette suna watsewa iri-iri, suna taimakawa dabbar ta rushe gaba ɗaya cikin wasan yaudarar haske da haske. Launi da Jawo, ga alama, ya dogara da mazaunin maharbin. Misali, dabbobin da ke rayuwa a cikin savannah na Afirka suna tafiya cikin riguna masu launin ja ko launin shuɗi, da kuma mazauna ƙauyuka cikin shuɗi ko launin toka mai launin toka, launuka masu motley sun fi dacewa da damisa gandun daji, waɗanda suke da matukar wahalar gani a cikin duhun farin kurmi.
A yayin samar da abinci, damisa sukan dogara ne kan yaudara da kuma ikon yin shuru a hankali daga wani yanayi. Idanun da suka ji daɗi sosai suna saurarawa kafin su sanar da dabbar da ke gabatowa (ta hanyar, damisar tana jin sau biyu, kuma a faɗuwar rana suna ganin sau shida fiye da ɗan adam). Dalilin shi ne. cewa cornea idanunsu, kamar dukkan kuliyoyi, sanye take da fesalo na musamman wanda yake nuna haske sau biyu akan masu karɓar retina. Godiya ga wadannan “madubai,” idanun damisa suna haskakawa cikin duhun dare.
Babban abu shine nishadantarwa
Bayan an bayyana wanda aka azabtar, damisa, ba tare da tarzoma daya ba, sai yaga kusa da shi a kafafuwan da ke lankwasuwa, da tsintsayen hanyoyi domin bishiyar cikin dajin. Bayan da ya tattara kusan mita goma, dabbar ta kama dabba a tsalle biyu ko uku kuma. Yana tsalle zuwa bayansa, an fara fitar da abubuwa masu ban tsoro a cikin jiki. Wasu leopards sun fi son farauta daga kwanton bauna, kuma suna yaduwa a kan reshe, jira da har sai barewa ko alade su yi yawo cikin itacen don cim ma wanda abin ya shafa da kwatsam daga sama. Wani damisa yakan kakkarye abincinta ta hanyar cizon haƙora a makogwaronsa, ko ya buga ƙasa da ƙarfi har sai ya karya wuyan.
Vicissitudes na farauta
Duk da alamun nasara da aka samu a cikin ci gaban al'adu daban-daban, amma a wurare da yawa na kewayonsa, damisa tana kan gab da ƙarewa. Kyakkyawan fata mai haɓaka, cikakkiyar mahimmanci don farauta, ta zama babban dalilin mutuwarsa. Tun a tarihi, mutane suna son yin ado da fatalwar fata, kuma dubban dabbobi sun faɗi wannan yanayin. Aƙalla fatalwar damisa bakwai ana buƙatar yin gashin gashi ɗaya. A shekarun 1960, lokacin da cinikin fur ya kai kololuwa, kusan damisa dubu 50 ke lalata a duk shekara a Gabashin Afirka kadai.
A zamanin yau, an cire dokar hana fita ta fata, amma ba a rubuta dokoki ga wadanda ke sha'awar riba ba. Yanzu haka an tsare damisa Amur leopard kuma ana bred din ne kawai a cikin reshen yanayi na Kedrovaya Pad (Russia). A cewar wasu kimomi, mutane 40 ne kawai na wannan dabbar suka rage a dabi'a a cikin Rasha da yawa a China da Koriya.
Leopards ba daidai ba
Wata damisa dusar ƙanƙara da damisa ce. Cutar dusar ƙanƙara, ko damisa dusar ƙanƙara, tana kusa da damisa ta ƙasa kuma an nada ta a matsayin babban cat. Duk da kamanceceniya da girma da kamanni, damisa dusar ƙanƙara tana da sutura mai kauri, launinta wanda ya bambanta da azurfa-mai launin toka mai kauri tare da ƙaramin duhu a kai, wuya da kafafu da manyan rosettes a baya, tarnaƙi da dogon wutsiya shaggy.
A lokacin rani, damisa dusar ƙanƙara ta sauka tare da gangara daga tsaunukan Asiya ta Tsakiya a tsawan tsawan mil 6000, kuma a lokacin hunturu tana motsawa zuwa gandun daji da ke ƙasa, inda ta farauta awaki daji, gemuna, aladu na daji, tsuntsayen hares.
Akasin sunanta, damisa ba ta da dangantaka kai tsaye da damisa ta ainihi kuma tana tsaye kusa da irin waɗannan ƙananan kuliyoyi kamar lynxes da ocelots. Wannan karamar dabba ce mai ɗanɗano tare da m tsoka ta jiki da kunkuntar mucks. Mayafin mayafinsa mai kauri an yi masa ado da kyakkyawan yanayin duffai masu duhu da fulotes akan launin shuɗi ko ash-launin toka, kuma duhun duhu tare da ɗigon haske daga shugaban kai zuwa baya.
Tabon da aka yi ƙamfani ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin dazuzzukan daji masu tsananin zafi - daga Indiya da Nepal ta kudu zuwa China. Sumatra da Borneo. Ya hau kan bishiyoyi masu kyau, ya yi nasara a kan kananan bishiyoyi masu rai: kwari, kwari, macizai da birai. Ansu rubuce-rubucen babban ganima, ya stuns ta tare da wani dunguma a kai, to, karya ta wuyansa vertebrae tare da dogon tsummoki.
Makamai don farautar "Manyan Biyar"
A duk ƙasashe inda aka yarda da “biyar” ɗin, ƙaramin kisa na makamai don wannan doka ta wajabta shi. Yawancin lokaci shine .375 N & H Magnum ko takwaransa na Jamus 9.3 × 64 mm. Ana buƙatar irin wannan buƙatun ta hanyar sha'awar hukumomin Afirka don sauke nauyin da ke kansu na yiwuwar haɗari da ke faruwa ta hanyar amfani da makamai mara ƙarfi.
Amma galibi (kuma yawanci don farautar giwa), ana amfani da nau'ikan sikeli, kamar .416, .458, .470, .500, .505 Gibbs da kuma lokaci-lokaci mafi girma. Bulaukar nauyin harsashai galibi ya wuce 40, ko ma 50 g, kuma sake ɓarnar lokacin harbi yana da girma - mafaraucin yana samun bugu mai tsoratarwa, wanda daga matsakaiciyar matsakaiciyar gini ba zai iya tsayawa a ƙafafunsa ba.
Akwai ma nau'ikan makamai na musamman don farautar manyan wasan Afirka - wanda ake kira. Kayan Afirka. Kayan shigar Afirka, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna da bangaye biyu waɗanda aka haɗu a cikin jirgin sama mai kwance. Zazzage daga 375 H&H zuwa 700 N.E., tsarin irin wannan kayan an yi su ne bisa ga tsarin da keɓaɓɓun kayan aikin guda biyu da abubuwa biyu - ana yin hakan ne domin idan har aka gaza ɗayan kayan aikin na biyu ya ci gaba da aiki. Yawancin lokaci wannan makami ne mai tsada sosai, wanda manyan masanan kamfanonin ke gudanarwa akan tsari daban-daban, an yi masu ado da kayan ado da zane. Farashin ingantaccen sabon shigar Afirka ya yi daidai da farashin motar alatu. Irin wannan makami wani lokacin yana nauyin kilogiram 6-7 kuma tsawon sutturar sa ta zama gwaji na zahiri. Sabili da haka, yawancin lokuta squire na musamman yana tafiya bayan mafarauci, yana samar da madaidaiciya akan umarni. Manyan katako-katako kuma suna da babban farashi - har zuwa dala 40-40 zuwa wani lokaci kuma mafi yawa.
Farautar giwa
Farautar giwa yawanci yana cikin yanayin tafiya ne kuma yana buƙatar babban ƙarfin hali daga mahalarta. Bugu da kari, abubuwa da yawa sun dogara da kwararren tracker wanda zai iya bambance sabon giwayen ƙafa daga tsohon. Koda bambancin rabin sa'a na iya rigaya ya sa wawan ya zama marar hankali.
Wannan shine mafi tsananin hatsarin gaske - kusan kowane harbi na huɗu a giwa yana kaiwa ga hari ta hanyar pachyderm. An ba da shawarar yin harbi daga irin wannan nesa don amincewa da ƙarfin giwa a wurin yanka (a zahiri akwai biyu daga cikinsu - tsakanin ido da kunne da kuma a goshi kawai a saman tsakiyar layin tunanin haɗi da idanu). Amma a lokaci guda, rage nesa zuwa ƙarami yana da haɗari, saboda wannan na iya barin lokaci don harbi na biyu yayin taron hawan giwa.
A matsayin ganima, mafarauci na iya ɗaukar kirtan giwayen. Ba a yarda da fitar da wasu sassan jikin gawawwakin giwaye (kawuna, fatalwa, da sauransu) a ko'ina ba.
Rhino farauta
Abu ne mai sauki ka samu rhinoceros, musamman farin, fiye da giwa, tunda wannan dabbar ba tayi canjin wuri mai sauri ba, a saboda haka, baya bukatar sai an bi sawun. Bugu da kari, baya jin tsoron kowa a cikin savannah kuma yana barin wataƙila maƙiya ta kusa. Alamar farko ta kasancewar rhinoceros a kusa shine kukan tsuntsayen da ke tare da manyan - masu siyar da dabbar. Idan ana ganin rhinoceros, to kusancin sa ba shi da wahala, kodayake kuna buƙatar la'akari da gefen iska kuma kuyi ƙoƙarin yin ƙarar ƙararrawa - rhino yana da kyakkyawan ji da ƙanshi. Harbi mafi kyau, kamar kan giwa, daga tan dubun mita.
Wani rhino baki wani lokaci dole ne a gano shi. Ya fi karfi da fari fiye da fari, saboda haka, idan harbi bai yi nasara ba, mafarauci yana haɗari da yawa. Rhinoceros counterattack yana da sauri (dabbar tayi tsalle da sauri har zuwa 40 km / h), kuma wani lokacin kawai amsawa mai kyau zata iya ceton mutum daga abin gudu Rhinoceros ta hanyar inertia ya wuce kuma yana iya juyawa don sabon jefa nesa daga nan da nan. Irin wannan farauta yana buƙatar babban haƙuri da kasancewar hankali. Dole ne a ɗauki makamai daga mafi girman zamowa, zai fi dacewa game da .470. Zai fi kyau a doke a goshin saman idanun nesa daga ƙaho. Ana ɗaukar shugaban da ƙaho a matsayin ganima.
Leopard - sananniyar cat
Leopards sune mafi yawan asiran dukkan kuliyoyi. Wadannan dabbobin suna da taka tsantsan da kuma taka tsantsan da har ma a yanayi suke da wahala da wuya a gano yanayin rayuwarsu.
Yaro damuna yana wasa a gidan zoo.
Launin furcin wadannan mafarautan yana taimakawa wajen ɓoye a cikin dabbobin bishiyoyi, ciyawa kuma yana sanya damisa kusan ba'a gani. Hakanan, ana samun daidaikun mutane masu launi iri-iri.
Leopard mai baƙar fata, Panther
Launin launin fata na panthers alama ce ta melanism wanda ke haifar da maye gurbi kuma halayyar mace ce kawai, in ban da togiya. Mayafin baƙar fata ba shi da baki ɗaya, a kanta har zuwa mafi girma ko ƙarami, wuraren fito da kullun ana iya ganin su.
Leopard da jaguar - kwatanta
Leopards sukan rikice tare da jaguars. Jaguar, sabanin kuliyoyi, yana da tsoka sosai, dukda cewa suna kama da juna a bayyanar. A zahiri, damisa yana da tsari mai ƙarfi. Yana da kafafu mafi tsayi da siriri, kirji na bakin ciki. Za'a iya bambance ruwan jaguar daga damisa ta wurin baƙar fata a tsakiyar hanyar fata. Leopards da jaguars a cikin daji suna zaune a yankuna daban-daban.
Leopard da jaguar - kwatanta.
Leopard, kamar cat, yana jagorantar rayuwa mai kaɗaici. Yawancin hanyar da damisa yake motsawa baya zama da sauraro, tunda yana yin shi akan tafin kafafunsa. Wannan dabba tana ƙaunar ta ɓad da kanta a tsakiyar ciyawa da bishiyoyi. Kuma yana yin hakan saboda launi kala-kala. Leopards suna farauta ne kawai da tsakar dare, kuma suna kwana a mafaka. Amma idan kuturu ya hango ganima a gabansa, to yana iya yin farauta da rana.
Leopard babban maharbi ne na fauna.
Leopard abinci ya ƙunshi ungulates, wato antelopes, roe deer, barewa, gazelles da aladu na daji.Haka kuma akwai wuraren da damisa ke ciyar da birai, dabbobi masu rarrafe da kiwo. Idan basu da abinda zasu ci, to zasu iya kaiwa tsuntsaye hari, amma hakan na faruwa da wuya. Dabbobi sun ƙi kulawa da cin abinci kuma ku ci shi kawai a cikin mafi mahimman lokuta.
Leopard yaji dadi sosai akan bishiya.
Damisa ta jira ganima a cikin matsuguni, sai ta afka cikin wani nesa kusa dashi sai ta tsallake ta da manyan tsalle.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa game da damisa
- Leopard da panther sunayen dabbobi iri ɗaya.
- Leopards suna da karfi sosai. Suna iya ɗaukar wanda aka azabtar ya fi nasu nauyi a kan kambi na itace.
- Panthers suna sauka daga gangar jikin bishiya.
- Hannun baƙar fata ma suna da tabo a kan mayafin, amma suna da wahalar gani.
- Abinda aka fi so ga matasa damisa shine baboons.
- Kowane mutum yana da yanayi mai launi iri iri wanda za'a iya san shi da shi.
- Panarƙar baƙar fata ta fi damuwa da sauran damisa.
- Leopards na iya tsalle sama da mita 7.
- Daban-daban nau'in damisa na iya bambanta sosai da girma da launi.
Girma Leopard:
- Tsayin tsayin jiki daga 100 zuwa 150 cm (rikodin 190 cm)
- Tsawon daga 60 zuwa 80 cm
- Weight: 60-80 kg (a cikin maza) da kuma 70-90 kg (a cikin maza)
- Tsawon tsayi har zuwa 110 cm
- Tsawon rayuwa a cikin daji shekaru 12 (rikodin shekaru 17), shekara 25 a fursuna.
Kiwo baffa
Leopards sun yi kiwo, ba tare da la’akari da yanayin ba, amma dabbobin da ke zama a arewaci sun banbanta.
Opaya daga cikin damisa mace tana iya haihuwar, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba fiye da ƙwaya uku ba.
Mace mai ciki na tsawon watanni uku, yawanci, tana ɗauke da jarirai uku. Ga ƙuruciyarta, damisa mace tana zaɓar wani wurin ɓoyewa, mafi yawan lokuta a cikin lokacin farin ciki.
Learancin damisa.
Matasa an haife su da makafi gaba ɗaya, amma suna girma cikin sauri kuma ba da daɗewa ba suna barin kansu cikin ƙaura don tafiya, tare da burin fahimtar duniya. Childrenaramin yara suna tare da mahaifiyarsu shekara ɗaya da rabi, a wannan lokacin ta kawo musu dabbobi da suka ji rauni kuma tana koyar da farauta.
Tsofaffin dabbobi ba su da abokan gaba, tunda an ɓoye su ga wasu dabbobi. Babban abokan adawar na damisa su ne dawakai, zakuna, damisa da kyarketai. Duk waɗannan dabbobin za su iya kai hari ga damisa matasa kuma su kama abin da za su ci. Koyaya, yana da matukar wahalar ɗaukar ganima daga damisa, saboda suna ɓoye shi a cikin bishiyoyi.
Leopards sun ɓoye abincinsu a kan itace.
Yayin farauta, an samu damisa ta samu rauni a damisa. Amma sau da yawa, irin waɗannan yanayi suna faruwa ne ko da matasa ko tare da dabbobi marasa ƙwarewa.
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Mafarauci a cikin yanayi
Saurin cheetah kyauta ce da la'ana: akwai lokuta idan maharbi, ba tare da lissafin karfi ba, ya daɗe ba zai iya murmurewa ba kuma ya kama numfashinsa bayan tsere. Ba abin mamaki ba, musamman idan kayi la'akari da salon farauta: yawanci cat (ee, har ma da babba sosai, amma har yanzu cat) tana kai hari ga wanda aka azabtar daga dakaru, yana jiran lokacin da ya dace. Cheetah, tunda tayi girman kai, a zahiri ba ta boye - sai dai kawai ta sauka ne a cikin ciyawa - kuma a zahiri tana tafiya kusa da ganima game da ganima, tana rage nisa zuwa kusan mita 10. Kuma a sannan - babban hadarin gaske da bege ga karfin kawunansu: tunda yanayin da dabbar ke rayuwa a bayyane ta ga dukkan bangarorin hudu, kuma ba zai iya kai hari ga “abinci mai inganci” daga matsuguni ba, cheetah ta dogara da tseren karshe. Wani bambanci daga 'yan uwan cat shine farauta da rana. Da dare, cheetah tana bacci, kuma yayin rana tana kama duk abin da yake motsawa - gaelles, impalas, hares, 'yan maruƙa, wildebeests, har ma da ƙuruciya, wanda baya so, amma yana iya rinjayewa cikin sauƙi. Tun da magabaci ya fi son mayar da hankali kan hangen nesa maimakon ƙanshi, mahimmin abin farauta shine kyakkyawar gani, don haka lokacin da ya dace da shi ya sauka da sanyin safiya ko farkon yamma - yana da haske kuma ba zafi.
Hanyar da aka fi so ta yawancin ungulates, suna amfani da su a cikin ƙoƙari don guje wa mummunan haɗari - matattara mai tsayi da sauri. Irin wannan adadin bazaiyi aiki da cheetah ba: da farko, bayyananniyar sashin gani da gani yana wucewa ta hanyar tsinkaye a kwance kuma zai baka damar kauda ganima, kuma abu na biyu, maharmar da kansa zai iya canza yanayin motsi. Guda daya ne kawai ya buge - idan suka kasa buga wa wanda abin ya shafa rauni a wulakance, to abin da ke bi ya tsaya. Gaskiyar ita ce, a kan nesa mai nisa, ganima yana da kowane irin zarafin zama daya, kuma yana da lokaci don kafafu zuwa ga sararin samaniya, kuma cheetah tana sanya dukkan karfin ta cikin tsararraki 6 zuwa 8, wanda zai dauki awanni 20 a zahiri, kuma ba zai iya dawo da ɓarnar da sauri ba oxygen. Idan yayi tsayi da yawa, zai mutu kawai cikin tsalle, don haka cheetah tana ƙoƙarin cim ma wanda aka azabtar a cikin sakan farko, ko kuma komawa baya. Saboda wannan dalili, sa'a tana jiran sa ne kawai a cikin kashi 50% na lokuta.
Cetah ba ya ɓoye ganima a cikin ajiya, sabanin, misali, damisa, kuma a cikin yanayi babu wasu halayen da aka san za su koma gare ta. Kuma da wuya cheetah tana da wata 'yar karamar damar yin hakan - ragowar ɗan abincin sa da yawa yana jawo hankalin mutane da yawa waɗanda ke son cin ribar abin da wani ya ƙwace.
Yana daukar kimanin rabin sa'a don cheetah ta murmure bayan tsere, kuma tunda shine "raunin da yafi karfi" a tsakanin manyan mafarauta, dawakai, zakuna da damisa wadanda suke da karfi a lokacin da za'a maido dasu na iya daukar ganima ta doka, wanda hakan ke tilastawa dabbar ta farauta sake. Ba abin mamaki bane, cheetah tana nauyin kilo 40-65 ne kawai, kuma tsawonta 115-140 cm (ban da wutsiya santimita 80). Yana da kankanta idan aka kwatanta da wasu (misali, nauyin zaki zai iya kaiwa kilogiram 250, waɗannan sune matsakaitan cheetahs biyar!) . Jinin wanda aka azabtar da ita yana rufe shi yana taimaka masa da sauri isa - mafi sauki da sauri abinci, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga hanzarta dawo da dakaru. Amma cinikin cheetah yana yiwa kansa rauni: ba zai ci wani ba, ba zai taɓa ɗanɗanar wani ba, kuma zai ma yi tunanin kan shi - idan bai ci shi nan da nan ba, to da wuya ya koma ga gawa daga baya, don haka awakai da sauran masoya 'yan kyauta za su iya yin watsi da muryar lamirin lafiya.
Duk da cewa basu da taimako kamar 'yan gida na Murka, cheetah kittens suna hade da naman alade da sauri. Yawancin lokaci, akwai kusan 6 na farin glomeruli a cikin zuriyar dabbobi, wanda zai iya zama mai sauƙin ganima ga kowane maƙiyin, amma a nan yanayin dabi'ar uwa yana zuwa cikin wasa. Tsohuwar cheetah tana gamsuwa da launin rawaya mai kauri, yashi da aka yiwa ado da duhu (sai dai hasken ciki). A cikin kittens, an rufe baya da launin shuɗi mai launin fari-mai laushi, kuma ciki kusan yana haɗuwa da launi tare da bangarorin duhu, kuma a sakamakon haka, mai tayar da hankali na iya rikitar da jaririn da wata dabba mai ban mamaki - badakaren zuma, ko, kamar yadda kuma ana kiranta, badakala. Ban sani ba wane irin gani ne "maharan" suna da don rikitar da dabbobi daban-daban guda biyu, amma masu binciken dabbobi sun fi sani. Badakaren zuma wata halitta ce mai haukaci wanda zata hauhawa cikin rauni (kuma galibi yana da kyakkyawan sakamako wa kanta!) Tare da duk wanda ya ɗauka yana da haɗari ga girmansa. Kittens masu kama da maraƙin zuma suna samun damar rayuwa - ba wanda yake son rikici tare da rashin isa.
Ainihin bayyanar kittens babbar nasara ce. Cheetahs ba shi da sauƙin haihuwar aiki, ko cikin zaman talala ko a yanayin ƙasa.
Mace suna yin rayuwa mai kaɗaici (ban da lokacin da suke ciyarwa tare da ƙwatsun, har zuwa watanni 20), kuma maza suna rayuwa ko guda ɗaya ko cikin haɗuwa (mutane 2-3). Don ƙirƙirar yawan yawan garkuwa da mutane yadda yakamata, an ba da shawarar a kiyaye cheetah daidai da ƙungiyar zamantakewar zamantakewar su, amma, ƙwararrun aladun har yanzu ba na yau da kullun ba ne, waɗanda masu bincike da yawa sun danganta da yanayin rashin wadatar waɗannan dabbobi, gami da halayen su. A bangare guda, yin tallan kayan masarufi (haifuwa) a zaman bauta mafi mahimmancin kaddarorin mazaunin halittu dangane da binciken ilimin halittar dan adam a daya bangaren kuma, a wani bangaren, kirkirar tsarin aikin bada damar samar da sahihancin halayen ma'aikata ga bukatun cheetahs, kamar yadda aka nuna akan wasu nau'ikan kananan kuliyoyi.
Rage yawan adadin cheetahs ba laifin ɗan adam bane. Masu binciken sun kammala cewa dalilin wannan shine rashin bambancin kwayoyin halittar, shine, kawai ya dagula abubuwa. Wannan mai yiwuwa ne idan, a lokacin dusar kankara, yawanci ya kusa ƙarewa, kuma ya rayu saboda yawan dubun-dubansu. Don haka - kusanci, iri ɗaya jerin alamu waɗanda aka karɓa daga mahaifina da mahaifiya nesa, da kuma rashin iya rayuwa. Don haka, sama da rabin jariran da suka bayyana basu rayu shekara daya ba, dukda cewa yarinyar da ke da girma tana kwance cikin 'yar shekara 20-25 a matsakaicin yanayi, har ma fiye da haka a gidan zoo.
Mafarauta mai kamun kai
Idan aka kalli wannan ƙaramin, amma mutum mai kisankai, mai iya murƙushe dabba mafi girma da paws ɗaya, shin kuna iya yarda cewa hakika yana da ƙauna da kwanciyar hankali, kuma bazai kai hari ga mutum ba har ma a cikin yanayin rayuwarsa? Kuma ban yi imani da shi ba Amma a cikin karni X-XI, sun yi tunani daban, kuma suka fassara cheetah a matsayin "filin aiki": ana kiran shi afuwa, kuma ya zama wani abu kamar kare farauta. Cheetah kawai wacce ta dace da watanni shida na horarwa da horarwa sun dace da farauta, amma yana da matukar wahala a kama dabba domin ita, a zaman bauta bata son kiwo, sabili da haka afuwa, wacce a wasu lokuta ake kiran damisa farauta, tana da ƙima da daraja a zinare.
A kotun masarautar kasar Indiya ta Akbar (karni na XVI), mutane kimanin 1000 suka rayu a lokaci guda, kuma a duk tsawon lokacin da kwayar take ajiye har zuwa dubu 9 na cheetah, amma ma'aurata guda ne kawai suka ba da zuriya, duk da kyakkyawar kulawa da dabi'un. Af, zai iya yiwuwa cewa yawan kitse na kittens ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa cheetah a matakin kwayoyin ta daina jin tsoron mutane, amma a lokaci guda gaba daya ta rasa al'ada ta zama ta kashin kansu, sun fifita parrots, yanzu zoos, ba tare da damuwa da amincin ƙabilar nasu da aka gani ba. .
Buffalo farauta
Ba a shakkar saƙar baƙi a Afirka mafi dabbar dabba mafi ɗaukacin "Babban Biyar". Da fari dai, ba kamar giwa da farar fata ba, yana da niyyar kai hari a farko, ba tare da jiran harbi ba, kuma an ji masa rauni, yana kai hari ta kowane hali, ba tare da togiya ba. Abu na biyu, kuffa yana da dabara kuma galibi yana ɓoyewa, yana ɗan tafiyar baya baya yana jiran masu bin hanyar nasa. Wajibi ne a kusanci garken buffaloes tare da taka tsantsan - yawanci dabbobi da yawa suna lura da yanayin, kuma idan a kalla ɗayansu yana jin haɗarin, farauta zai iya karyewa.
Hakanan zaka iya kallon buffaloes a bakin titi a wani rami na ruwa, da sassafe.
Ana ɗaukar ƙahon ƙazaman kwari ne ga Buffalo - mafi girma nisa tsakanin ƙarshensu, mafi daraja.
Leopard farauta
Leopards mafi yawanci farauta ne da mayu. An ɗaura ƙuri'a a cikin reshe mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi a jikin bishiya. A matsayin kaɗa, yi amfani da gawa na ƙaramin dabba, alal misali, baho ko antelope. '' Kwantena 'an sanye su ta yadda za su kasance kusa da dutsen yadda zai yiwu, kuma domin a iya ganin amsar ta sararin samaniya. Dabbar tana zuwa cikin duhu ne. Lokacin da kuka kusanci, wani lokacin zaka iya jin muryar damisa - sautin halayyar da ta yi kama da tari da huhun katako. Dole ne a harba da sauri kuma a kusa da kusa.
Kamar kowane kuliyoyi, damisa yana da tsayayyar abu. Ana ɗaukarsa da haɗari kamar tsuntsu, saboda tana da al'adar ɓoyewa a cikin waƙoƙinta na kanta da kuma kai hari ga mafarauta da saurin walƙiya. Bugu da kari, damisa mai rauni tana iya yin kamar ta mutu. Hatsari yayin bin damisa ya zama ba a sani ba. Yawancin lokaci ana ɗaukar fakitin karnuka don bi damisa.
Ganima shine fata na damisa.
Zakin farauta
Akwai hanyoyi da yawa da yawa don samun zaki, amma abin da ya fi dacewa shi ne farauta na farauta. Don ƙoshin jeji, zai fi kyau a ɗauki gawa na babban dabba ku ƙarfafa ta har ya zama ba zai yiwu ga ƙananan masu farauta ba.
Zaki zai iya bi ta hanyar bi da kafa. Amma irin wannan farauta za ta yi nasara ne kawai a wuraren budewa. Bugu da kari, idan ana bin sawu, damar tana da matukar girman haduwa da zaki a hankali, ba da damar yin harbi.
Kofin shine fata na zaki. Yawancin mane, mafi girma ana yaba shi.
Kudin farauta don "Babban Biyar"
Neman Big Five aiki ne mai tsada sosai. Yau, mafi tsada daga dukkan wakilan "Manyan Biyar" shine Rhino. Yawan farashin da ake samarwa a wasu lokuta ya wuce $ 100,000. Farashin lasisin harbi giwa da zaki ya sha bamban dangane da yanayi da yawa, amma, a matsayinka na mai mulki, babu ƙasa da dala 20,000. Farauta da dako da damisa ya ɗan rahusa, tsakanin $ 5,000-12,000 da $ 4,000-10,000, bi da bi. .