A wani lokaci cikin girman taiga akwai wani katon tsuntsu, wanda yake kara tsoratar da dukkan halittu masu rai. Lokacin da aka kashe, bishiyoyi suka faɗi, dabbobi kuma suka ɓuya cikin tsoro. Da zarar wani allah ya yi tawaya a cikin taiga, sai ya ji mummunan ruri yana ganin dabbobi suna rawar jiki da tsoro. "Akwai wata matsala?" - Allah ya tambaya. Kuma mazaunan taiga sun gaya masa game da tsada mai girman gaske. Allah ya kira shi wata babbar tsuntsu. Grouse ya ba da hujjoji cewa shi da kansa zai yi farin ciki da ba ya cutar da wasu mazaunan taiga, amma ya kasa saboda girman girmansa. Kuma Allah ya ba da shawarar raba farin farin hazel grouse tsakanin duk wakilan dangin kaza, sauran kuma za su kasance ga amsar hazel. Haka suka yi. Dukkanin tsuntsayen sun karbi nama daga giant ɗin taiga, kuma a sakamakon haka, shi kansa bashi da komai. Amma bai damu ba kuma ya sulhunta da makomar sa - ya kasance mafi karancin wakilcin tawagar Kuroobrazny kuma a yau ne wani lokaci yakan tsoratar da mazaunan taiga yayin da, zai fado daga kasa da hayaniya.
Dokokin saukarwa
Yawancin lambu suna ƙaunar girke-girke na hazel saboda tsire-tsire ne na zamani, kuma babu buƙatar sha wahala daga dasa kowace shekara. An yada shi ta hanyar kwararan fitila, karkashin kasa, ya kunshi ma'aunin 2-6, a cikin sinus din da yake da kodan. Daga gare su ne sabbin kwararan fitila suke ci gaba.
Rawaya tsintsiya
Kiwo
Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu: seminal da ciyayi.
Hanya ta farko ita ce iri - ya dace da kowane nau'in tsire-tsire.
Ana iya girbe tsaba bayan cike bushewa kwalaye na shuka. An bada shawarar a shuka su nan da nan bayan girbi. Soilasa ta zama mai gina jiki, kamar yadda girkin zai girma anan shekaru. Shuka tsaba ya kamata ya kasance cikin furrows game da 10 cm fadi don kyakkyawan malalewa. Tsakanin layuka ya kamata ya zama nisa ɗaya. Zurfin wurin yin zurfin shine cm 1. lingsalingsan itace zasu bayyana a cikin bazara na shekara mai zuwa. Kowace shekara, ana ciyar da seedlings.
Tuni kwararan fitila biennial ya kamata a haƙa sama kuma a adana su a cikin bushe a lokacin rani. An yi wannan don kare su daga danshi na ƙasa. Wannan tsari ne mai rikitarwa, wani ɓangaren kwararan fitila na iya mutuwa. Idan ka yi girma danshi-resistant seedlings na hazel grouse, za su iya girma a wuri guda shekaru 4 kafin fure, to dasa.
A ciyayi Ana iya rarraba albasa ɗaya na uwa daya cikin musanya masu yawa. A yawancin nau'ikan gishirin hazel, babban kwan fitila ya girma a girma kuma ya samar da ban fitila. Wadannan albasa ne da ya kamata a yi girma da yawa shekaru kafin fure. Albasa-baby ana samun sauƙin rabu da uwa. Kuna iya tono kwararan fitila sau ɗaya a cikin duka shekaru biyu, to, ɓataccen kwan fitila na jariri zai zama ya fi girma kuma zai zama mai sauƙi a raba.
Hakanan zaka iya raba albasa. Don yin wannan, karya albasa, wanda ya ƙunshi ma'auni biyu, bushe sassa. Dogaro ga bushewa ya zama mafi ƙaranci a gare su fiye da na kwararan fitila gaba ɗaya, don haka muke dasa su a baya.
Speciesauki nau'in
Da ke ƙasa akwai bayanin kwatancen da hotunan tsutsa daban daban. Launin waɗannan furanni masu ban mamaki ya bambanta sosai.
- Raba sarautar sarki (F. imperialis) tare da inflorescences na lemun tsami ko orange launi. Ganyen suna da kaifi da haske. Kai mai tsawo na mita 1. Farkon fure yana faruwa a watan Mayu.
Raba sarautar sarki
- Useauke da dara, ko babba (F. meleagris) tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi-baki a cikin karrarawa. Checkered stains a cikin furanni.
Useauke da dara
- Useauki Rasha (F. ruthenica) tare da ganye na sama an juya su a cikin hanyar antennae. Yana da kara mai tsayi. Bloauki fure a cikin Maris da Afrilu. An jera shi a cikin Littafin Ruwa.
Useauki Rasha
- Mikauki Mikhailovsky (F. michailovskyi) yana da furanni burgundy tare da rawaya mai launin shuɗi. Tsawon tsirin hazel yakai 20 cm.
Mikauki Mikhailovsky
Game da takalmin hazel Mikhailovsky da saukowarsa, mazaunin rukuninmu Samdolis ya rubuta da kyau a cikin labarin "Wani sabon shuka a lambun na: Grouse Mikhailovsky."
- Useungiyar Farisa (F. persica) ana yawo da furanni masu launuka iri-iri.
Useungiyar Farisa
'Ivory Bell' na da launin shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi. Tsawon tsirrai ya kai kimanin mita 1. sosai thermophilic kuma a tsakiyar layi bazai yi fure ba kwata-kwata.
- Useauki Kamchatka (F. camtschatcensis) yana da furanni masu launin shuɗi ko na tagulla, suna girma zuwa 60 cm.
Kamchatka grouse (Fritillaria camschatcensis). Hoto: Denis Anisimov, en.wikipedia.org
Kiwo tsintsiya a cikin lambun ku, kar ku manta - suna da girma a matsayin mai shuka ɗaya kuma a cikin rukuni. Ya dace da saukowa mai tsayi. Zauna a wurare daban-daban gadajen fure, suma suna da kyau. Kuma kada ku karaya cewa furen su yana tsawan wata daya ne kawai - wannan lokaci ne wanda bazai iya mantawa da lokacin bazara.
Hazel grouse shine mai gasa da yawa don daffodil da tulip
Useaƙƙarfan - furanni "masu wuta" daga ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara, suna haske kamar raƙuman farko na rana, suna farantawa ido rai kuma suna sa bege. Wadannan manzannin na bazara suna da tushe sosai a kowane yanki na canjin yanayi, amma musamman ma yanayin yanayi na tsakiyar Rasha. Tare da ingantaccen shuka da kulawa, hazel grouse zai yi fure a shekara, kuma zaku iya yaɗa su da kanku - kwararan fitila na manya suna ba yara 1-2 a shekara. Amma - duk domin.
Hazel grouse - fure fure
Sunan wannan shuka, hakika, ya fito ne daga sunan tsuntsayen suna iri ɗaya tare da gashin fuka-fuki ɗaya kamar gashin furen wannan fure mai fure. Akwai ja, lemu mai haske, burgundy-violet, rawaya mai haske da sabon zaɓi - nau'in fararen fari, akwai mayuka na waɗannan launuka ko kuma launi mai kyau. Amma saututt masu launin shuɗi ko ruwan hoda, kamar yadda aka bayar a wasu lokutan akan Intanet, ba shi yiwuwa haɗuwa cikin yanayi.
Rashin kyawun shuka shine ƙanshi mara dadi - ya fito daga furanni, kwararan fitila da ganye
Smellanshin da ba shi da daɗi daga ganyayyaki da musky plume daga furanni - wannan watakila shine kawai ɓarkewar wannan ɓarnar. Amma kyawon furen a wata hanya mai ban mamaki tana fitar da duk wani aibi da aka samu yayin haɓakar wannan amfanin gona.
Sunan Latin don ƙungiyar hazel - "Fritillaria" ta fito ne daga fritillus - mai chessboard. Wannan, hakika, saboda bambancin launi ne na furanni. Tsire-tsire suna da ganyen ganye mai tsayi daban-daban, daga 10 cm zuwa kusan 1.5 m, a saman wanda ɗayan furanni masu launin kararrawa ko fiye. Flattened albasa, yawanci ƙunshi 2 (wani lokacin more) fleshy ajiya Sikeli. Grouse (fritillaria) wata itaciya ce mai girma na dangin Liliaceae, galibi ana samun su a yankin Turai na Rasha, a Turai da Asiya. Akwai kusan nau'in nau'in nau'in hazel 150; an san namo cikin gida game da nau'ikan 25-30. Mafi yawan nau'ikan jinsin a Rasha shine girkin Rasha.
Wikipedia
Girma Rasha - asalin magabatan yawancin matan daji a cikin gida
A cikin Turai ta Rasha, ana samun nau'ikan da ba a sani ba a cikin daji: Tsarin Rasha tare da matsakaiciyar matsakaici-fure mai launin shuɗi, kayan sarki na sarki - madaidaiciya iri-iri tare da furanni masu launin shuɗi, yanayin haɓaka da chess grouse - mai kama da grouse na Rasha, amma tare da ƙarancin motley, Kamchatka grouse - speciesarancin da ke da launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi mai duhu.
Girma - hankula ephemeroids (tare da ɗan gajeren girma girma), ci gaban wanda ya fara a cikin yanayin ingantaccen yanayin zafi da yalwa da danshi a cikin ƙasa, watau a cikin bazara. A shuka Forms wani tushe, ganye, fure, Forms sabon kwan fitila da kuma daskarewa har zuwa na gaba kakar. Za a iya kwan fitila mai barci, dasa shi, adana shi, da tura shi. Girma sosai a farkon girma, wasu daga cikinsu sune manyan tsire-tsire na farko waɗanda suka fara girma a cikin lambun bazara.
Farfa da babban hazel a cikin bazara daga karkashin dusar ƙanƙara
Kawai ka lura cewa hazel grouse (ko fritillaria) suna da nau'ikan daban-daban. Mafi yawa ƙanana ne kuma ba rubutu (a ganina). Yayi tsayi, kusan 1 m, sarautar sarki ce. Akwai rawaya, ja, lemu mai haske. Hakanan akwai sunan "rawanin sarauta" - saboda farfajiyar da ke sama. Yayin da nake tsaye lafiya a cikin yanke, ban san tsawon lokacin da zai ɗauka ba. Babban gamsarwa na sarki-gambiza Tare da bambancin daban - mai haske / duhu. Useaukanta ba farar fata, shuɗi, ruwan hoda.
Helga
https://www.forumhouse.ru/threads/15423/page-15
Sun faɗi cewa hazel grouse ya bayyana a cikin lambunan sarauta ta Rasha a ƙarni na 16, amma kakanninmu sun kasa samun cikakkiyar fure ta shekara-shekara. Duk da duk kokarin, al'adar ba ta da tushe sosai: hazel grouse yana son sako-sako da ciyawar, rana tana yalwatacce da matsakaiciyar shayarwa. Ana yin ciyawa da wuri cikin yanayin canjin yanayin ƙasa - tabbatacce yanayin rana a farkon bazara, ruwan sama mai zafi, zafi amma ba lokacin bazara da kuma lokacin sanyi ba tare da ruwan sama mai kyau ba.
Hazel grouse yana da sanyi sosai-yana da ƙarancin lalacewa ta daskarewa daskarewa.
Ana amfani da ƙwanƙolin Hazel a matsayin ornamental da tsire-tsire masu magani. Wasu nau'ikan shuka suna da guba, tunda suna ɗauke da adadin alkaloids. Koyaya, sauran nau'in kayan gishirin zamani suna da amfani - kwararan fitila na Kamchatka, ya zama ruwan dare a Asiya har zuwa gabar tekun Pacific, Indiyawan Arewacin Amurka da Kamchadals a da. Ana amfani da wasu nau'in abincin tsiran hazel a magani na Tibet.
Fritillaria purdyi - nau'in nau'in hazel grouse tare da furanni masu launin fata tare da alamomin launin toka
Sun ce wadannan tsire-tsire na bulbous suna tsoratar da bera kwatankwacin - ba za a iya fara amfani da ƙwanƙolin a cikin tazarar rabin mita daga gare su ba.
Useauki farkon fitar da dusar ƙanƙara - a tsakiyar Maris. Zafin zafin iska yayin rana ba zai iya wuce + 8 + 10 ° C ba, da daddare ma'aunin zafi da sanyio zai iya sauka a ƙasa 0. Hazel grouse ya mayar da martani ga hasken rana - da zaran rana ta fara zafi, akwai ganyayyaki da tsirar furanni a makwanni biyu. Wadannan tsire-tsire cikin sauƙi aukuwa yayin taron dawowar daskararru, kuma babban fure ma yana wahala da wannan.
Useauki a gonar: nau'in koyo
Daga cikin ire-iren ire-ire, da aka fi yin amfani dasu a kasarmu shine kayan masarufin sarki da ire-iren sa (misali, ƙananan kayan itace). Ana shuka nau'in daji na wannan fure daga Black Earth zuwa Gabas ta Tsakiya da Primorye, yawancinsu an jera su a cikin Littafin Layi.
Tebur: nau'in fure mai fure
Sunan Shuka | Duba Abubuwan |
Aigul ko furen wata | Tall plant (har zuwa 1.5 m) tare da dogon kunkuntar ganye, located a ko'ina cikin kara, da kuma babban ja-orange karrarawa. Blooms a farkon bazara a cikin kwari na Kyrgyzstan da Kazakhstan. An jera jinsunan a cikin Littafin Rubutu. |
Fritillaria sewerzowii - grouse Severtsov | Matsakaici-sized (har zuwa 1 m) perennial tare da fleshy ganye, kamar tulip, tare da kunkuntar kananan karrarawa fentin a launin toka-m, haskaka a tukwici na petals. An rarraba tsiron a yamma Tien Shan, a tsakiyar Asiya da China. |
F. ruthenica - haan Rasha hazel | Ya girma musamman a yankin Turai na Rasha, a Siberiya da kuma Ciscaucasia. Perennial blooms a watan Afrilu - Mayu, ya kai girman 50 cm. Buds na Rasha hazel grouse mai haske mai haske tare da raga mai ƙyalli Tsarin tsari da "chess". Yawan tsire-tsire yana raguwa An jera takalmin hazel na Rashanci a cikin Littafin Lemo. |
Useauki Kamchatka | Ana samo shi a tsibirin Kuril da Kamchatka, a cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya da Arewacin Amurka. Yana girma akan tsaunin bakin teku, tekuna, a cikin tundra a fadama. Tsirren tsirrai bai wuce 60 cm ba, furanni masu launin shuɗi-tare da Tsarin "Chess", yana da wari mara dadi. Yana blooms a watan Yuni da Yuli. |
Hazel grouse gabas | Alpine makiyaya na Transcaucasia - rarraba yankin gabashin hazel grouse. Tsarin tsirrai game da 40-50 cm, an tattara furanni masu launin shuɗi mai haske a cikin buroshi don guda 2-3. Yankin fure na gabas a watan Mayu - Yuni. |
Useauke da dara | An rarraba ko'ina a cikin gandun daji da ambaliyar ruwa a tsakiyar Rasha. Shuka ba ta fi tsayi 35 cm, furanni masu matsakaici ne, masu shunayya, tare da furta "chess" canza launi. |
Wasu nau'in tsaran daji suna dauke da guba.
Hoton ire-iren tsaran da aka gabatar a sama
Usearfin sarki na da mafi ƙarfi da fure mai haske tare da fure mai haske, rawaya yana da ƙari kuma blooms daga baya. Amma game da wari: girki a kan yanka, lalle, wari mai banƙyama ne, rot da sharan. Amma wannan ƙanshin ba ya yada daga buds - ya fito ne daga tsire-tsire lokacin da kuka karya ganye da mai tushe.
Goabi'un urabi'a
Wannan perennial a mafi yawan lokuta ana wakilta ta nau'ikan nau'ikan hazel grouse - lokacin da aka tattara furanni a buds a kambi kuma an yi masa ado tare da ganyen ganye (kambi).
Mafi kyawun yanayi iri-iri a duk fannoni shine Maxima Rubra: furanni masu walwala ne - har zuwa tsawon 5-7 cm tsayi, lemun tsami mai haske tare da launuka masu launin shuɗi da shunayya masu launin shuɗi.. A cultivar ne tsayi - har zuwa 1.2 m ba ga tsawo. Maxima ana ɗaukar tsintsiya mai jinkirin sanyi - yana jurewa har zuwa -30 ° C, ba ƙasa zuwa ƙasa. Zan faranta wa furanni furanni a watan Afrilu.
Furen furannin hazel grouse Maxim Rubra suna da ƙanshi mai daɗin ji sosai
Daban-daban Aurora - buds na haske sokin-karas launi, ba fiye da 4 cm tsawo, amma a kan kansa wannan cultivar zai iya fitar da kara har zuwa 1.5 m. A saman peduncle, kamar yadda yake da yawancin sauran ire-iren abubuwan da ake shigo da su na sarauta, an yi musu kambi da ganyen koren ganye - wanda ake kira kambi. Fulawa ya fara a cikin 1-2 na Afrilu.
Grouse Aurora ya zama sananne ga kyakkyawarsa daga Moscow zuwa Vladivostok
Lutea mai launin shuɗi-mai haske shine mafi kyawun wakilcin hazel grouse na kowane iri tare da launi mai haske. Lutea ya kai 0.8-1 a tsayi, fure a farkon Mayu (a tsakiyar yankin ƙasarmu).
Girma Lutea - manzannin bazara
Hazel grouse Akmopetala nau'i ne na ban mamaki iri-iri na kowane irin girmamawa ta kowace fuska. Furannin furanni masu ban sha'awa - drooping, maroon tare da alamomin kore (tsawon 3 cm). Tsawon nau'ikan Akmopetal ba ya wuce 0.4-0.5 m. Shuka ya girma sosai a cikin inuwa.
Girma Akmopetala - Mr. Mai Martaba
Ana kiran Grouse Peach a matsayin fure mai makoki. Amma a maimakon haka, abu ne mai m: violet-m kananan mazurari-dimbin yawa buds dimbin yawa d strebi kara da wani tsayi inji (tsawo har zuwa 1.1 m). Peach blooms a cikin wani yanayin canjin yanayi a farkon Mayu.
Girma Peach ya zama sanannen saboda launuka daban-daban na kayan fure
Meleagris Alba shine tsinkar tsalle-tsalle na hazel (har zuwa 0.3 m), ɗayan mafi tsananin sanyi. Wannan ingantaccen tsarin tsiro yana tsira cikin yanayin gabas ta Siber, Urals, a cikin Yammacin Yammacin Rasha. A peculiarity daga cikin iri-iri ne dusar ƙanƙara-fari kananan karrarawa tare da greenish tan. Meleagris fi son drained ƙasa m kuma na lokaci moistening, blooms a ƙarshen May - farkon Yuni.
Hazel grouse Meleagris Alba - taushi kanta
Fritillaria na birni mai kyau yana da launuka masu launin peach tare da bayyana layin tubali-burgundy akan furannin. Tsawon nau'ikan yana da kusan 0.9 m, an tattara furanni a cikin bunches kusa da kambi, kamar yadda a wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan hazel grouse. Wannan shi ne Mayu iri-iri.
Fritillaria Stripe Beauty yana da furanni masu fure-fure
Dasa kayan girke-girke da kula da su a cikin ƙasa bude
Don cin nasarar wannan tsiro na fure, ya zama dole a lura da maki dayawa:
- atasa a wuraren shakatar da kayan lambu ya zama mai gina jiki da nutsar da ruwa,
- Kada ruwa ya kwana kusa,
- kasar gona dauki ne tsaka tsaki,
- An bayar da shawarar girke girke tare da ciyawa tare da abubuwa na zahiri ko marasa kayan sawa.
Tsarin sarki na grouse yana da ingantaccen peduncle, saboda haka ba a ɗaura shi da tallafi ba
Mulching ba wai kawai ba, a'a, ba sosai kariya ba daga lalacewar kwararan fitila a lokacin daskarewa na ƙasa, a matsayin wata hanya don kare tsirrai daga farkon seedlings a cikin bazara wanda za a iya lalata ta hanyar dawo da yanayin sanyi, kazalika da riƙe tsarin ruwan ɗumi da yanayin zafin jiki a lokacin girma na tsire-tsire.
Bidiyo: usearfin hazel na sarki - duk akan barin
A karshen watan Yuni — yellowing na ganye na faruwa a amarya a watan Yuli - wannan lamari ne na al'ada, yana nuna ciyayi na duniya. A wannan lokacin, abubuwan gina jiki suna tarawa a cikin kwan fitila - an tono su don dasa shuki a ƙarshen bazara.
An adana kwararan fitila na fure a cikin daki mai sanyi (a cikin farfajiyar) a zazzabi da bai wuce digiri + 8 + 10 ba. Abinda za'a girka a gaba shine pre-bushe a cikin inuwa, sannan yayyafa shi da toka mai kyau ko murƙushe mai gauraye da gauraye da duk wani sinadarin kashe-kashe kuma an shimfiɗa shi a cikin falo ɗaya a cikin kwalaye na katako ko akan shelves.
Balagalin girma ya fara a cikin fall, sabili da haka, dasa kayan girki za'a shirya shi a ƙarshen watan Agusta - farkon Satumba. Amma idan baku da lokacin shuka lokacin da akan iyakancewa, zaku iya tantance tsirin hazel don wuri na dindindin a kowane lokaci a cikin kaka - har zuwa lokacin sanyi (har zuwa ƙarshen Nuwamba a tsakiyar layin).
Zelwallon katako na cikin ɗan iska
Yadda za a dasa kayan girki? Akwai wata gajeriyar doka - "dasa aya a hazel gro zurfin zurfin kwararan fitila uku da filayen da yawa." Amma akwai wasu bayanai game da taron, waɗanda ba za su iya yin shuru ba.
- Don dasa tsintsiya, an shirya ramuka tare da zurfin 30-40 cm.
- Peat mai gina jiki mai ƙasa yana haɗuwa tare da ƙasa da aka saya bisa humus - har zuwa lita 2-3 a jimilla kuma kaɗan (2-3 handfuls) na babban kogin kogi.
- Ramin ya cika zurfin 25-30 cm tare da ƙasa da aka shirya don dasa shuki da laima.
- Sannan masana sun bada shawarar a yayyafa wasu yashi kai tsaye a wurin saitin sake.
- Daga sama suna sanya bulb ɗin fure a ƙasa suna rufe shi da abin da aka gama.
- Bayan wannan, ramin tare da albasa an dan kadan compused, shayar (1.5-2 l) da kadan more sako-sako da peat ƙasa an zuba saman.
Hannun girke-girke na alkhairi yanzu zai iya yin fure kawai
Mahimmanci! Idan ba ku ƙara ƙasa a saman kwan fitila da aka dasa ba - daga bazarar ƙasa za ta nutse kuma ruwa zai tara daga narkewar dusar ƙanƙara, kwan fitila na iya jujjuwa ko kuma ba shi da lafiya. M yashi ake buƙata mai ƙima-grained yashi wanda ake amfani dashi don maƙasudi ɗaya - yana ɗaukar danshi mai yawa, wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman akan chernozem da yumɓu na yumɓu, yana taimakawa kare kwan fitila daga kwari. Wani lokacin lambu na ba da shawara ga dasa shuki da kayan girki a gefe - da alama in ba haka ba, ruwa ya tara a cikin kwan fitila. Wannan ra'ayi ne wanda ba daidai ba, tunda kayan dasa kayan girki yana da rami daga tsohuwar hanyar - duk ruwan yana tafiya.
Bidiyo: yadda ake dasa fritillaria
Hazel grouse yana ƙaunar rana, amma a cikin tsakiyar abun da ke ciki ba safai ake shuka su ba - za a yi girki da sauri tare da samar da sarari a sarari akan gadon filawa.
Yanke shawara kan mahimman wuraren al'adun aikin gona.
- A shuka fi son matsakaici ban ruwa.
- Domin hazel grouse ya sami tabbataccen bayyanar da fure a cikin manyan buds, tuni a farkon lokacin girma ana shuka ciyawar tare da takaddun ma'adinai mai ma'ana, alal misali, Kemira. Sake ba da shawarar sake haihuwa bayan kwanaki 10-15: don lita 10 na ruwa, tablespoon na superphosphate da Zdrazen - 6-8 g, Hakanan zaka iya ƙara 200 g na itace ash.
- Lokaci mai mahimmanci game da aikin gona shine kwance da kuma cire ciyayi. Wannan hanya ba ta da hatsari ga shuka - ba za a shafa kwararan fitila ba, muddin an aiwatar da dasa yadda ya kamata.
- Bayan an gama furanni, ana shayar da ango na hazel tare da maganin potassium sulfate - 10 g a guga na ruwa.
Tun daga watan Satumba, bayan an dasa shuki, ananan sai an bukaci bullous perennials na lokaci-lokaci - sau daya a kowace ranakun 10-14. Musamman wannan lokacin yana da mahimmanci a lura da bushewar kaka ba tare da hazo ba.
Kemira yana son gadaje kayan lambu da gadajen fure
Girma ya yi girma cikin rana, amma tare da sharar lokaci-lokaci - sannan furanni ba ƙanana ba, kuma akwai yawa da yawa a cikinsu. Idan kun dasa wannan fure a cikin hasken rana, musamman a kan yashi, bazai yi fure kwata-kwata ko jefa ganye ba. Hanya mafi fita ita ce ƙara humus da Layer mai m zuwa wurin tsiro na hazel grouse, ciyawa kuma, mafi mahimmanci, jira. Tare da amsar bukatar haƙuri.
Dasa kayan girki a ƙarshen watan Agusta. Zurfin sakawa ya dogara da iri-iri. Grouse ƙaramin albasa ne - 8-10 cm, na sarki - wani wuri har zuwa 25-35 cm. Suna tono kayan dasa a ƙarshen watan Yuni kuma su ajiye shi a cikin akwati a cikin rufaffiyar akwati a zazzabi na kimanin + 30 ° C domin girkin ya sanya fure kamar fure, in ba haka ba zai faranta maka rai tare da greenery .
Gost385147
https://www.forumhouse.ru/threads/15423/page-16
Me zai yi idan tsintsiya ta fada hannunsu sai bayan kaka? Growararrun masu tsire-tsire na fure suna ba da shawarar rufe kowane kwan fitila a takarda sannan kuma a cikin burlap, kwanciya a cikin kwalaye na katako (ana amfani da sawd ko mosa a matsayin magudanar ruwa). Abubuwan "dasa" kayan tsiro na hazel an tsabtace a kan baranda mai walƙiya ko a cikin sito, yana yiwuwa a cikin cellar, amma a matakan - don kada ya yi ɗumi sosai. Bayan 'yan watanni, kuna buƙatar bincika kwararan fitila don lafiya. A cikin bazara - da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta faɗo - ana dasa kwararan fitila. A wannan yanayin, tsirrai na iya tsirowa, amma ciyayi ba tare da fure ba. Bayan haka, ana kula da gandun daɗaɗa gwargwadon aikin aikin gona na asali.
Yadda ake yada fritillaria na lambu
A cikin shekaru goma na 1 na Satumba, an yadu da abincin hazel. Bulbsanan ƙananan kwararan fitila da aka karɓa daga daji uwar an haƙa su a watan Yuni - Yuli tare da babban kwan fitila don adanawa, kuma a farkon lokacin kaka yara an kuma binne su a ƙasa, kamar mahaifiyar kwan fitila. Zai fi kyau a shuka "hazel grouse" ɗan finer - zuwa zurfin 15-20 cm. A shekara mai zuwa, kwan fitila matasa ba za su yi fure ba, amma zai yi girma kuma tare da dasawa ta gaba, yana buƙatar zurfafa a cikin ƙasa bisa ga duk ka'idodi.
Ana iya samun sauƙin yaduwar jinsin Amurka ta hanyar wucewa wani ɓangare na yanki na yanki na kwararan fitila waɗanda ke ba da tsirrai matasa.
L. Bondarenko
http://www.litbulbgarden.com/article/article2.php
Cikakken albasa mai cikakken girma, a cewar masana, yana da diamita na akalla 8-11 cm
A cewar masana, ya kamata a juye kayan girki a kowace shekara 2-3. Wasu masu noman furanni sun yarda cewa waɗannan furanni suna buƙatar tono na shekara da rarrabe kwararan fitila (a watan Agusta - Satumba) –a shuka shuka ba ya ɓatar da kuzari a kan “jaririn”, kayan dasawa koyaushe suna nan don maye gurbin tsohon kuma mahaifiyar kwan fitila tana ƙaruwa don fure lokaci mai zuwa yafi sauki.
Hanya mafi sauki don haifuwa ita ce karya albasa, wanda ya kunshi ma'auni biyu, a gunduwa biyu. Kafin dasa, ana ajiye halves biyu a cikin busassun wuri, an yayyafa shi da hawaye tare da bushewar ƙarfe - a wannan lokacin, abubuwan da suke kwance sun lalace, kwan fitila ya riga ya zama mai sauƙi ga cutar. Saukowa ƙasa makonni 3 bayan rami.
Bidiyo: abin da za'a yi da furanni a watan Agusta
Ba za a iya yada ta ba kawai ta hanyar rarraba kwararan fitila, har ma da tsaba. Koyaya, masana game da wannan batun sun bayyana ra'ayinsu: tsintsiya madaidaiciya ba su da kyau sosai, amma koda harbe ya fashe, fure na farko na wannan tsiro mai lalacewa zai faru ne kawai a shekara ta 5-6th.
Kwalaye na kwalayen sandar Rasha
Bidiyo: yadda ake yada fritillaria a yankinku
Bayan zubar, hazel grouse tsaba sun faɗi a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban, ya danganta da yanayin da mazauninsu, saboda haka ina bada shawarar dasa dukkanin tsaba a kai tsaye bayan girbi. Don dasawa, ana amfani da wurin da ya shirya sosai, mai daushin ƙasa ne. Lingsalingsan itace a shafin zasuyi girma shekaru da yawa kuma dole ne a basu abinci duk waɗannan shekarun. Ana amfani da takin mai magani na cikin gida a cikin hanyar manyan kayan miya na shekara-shekara a manyan wuraren ci gaban tsirrai: a farkon girman girma na kore na shuka, kuma daga baya - yayin samuwar kwan fitila. Na dasa tsaba a kan gadaje da aka tashe don mafi kyau malalewa, yayyafa su cikin furrows 6-10 cm m, tsakanin wanda akwai layuka of kamar guda nisa. Zurfin shigowar shine cm 1 Yana da mahimmanci cewa zurfin shigo da kayan ya kasance na daidaituwa ga dukkan tsaba, don haka na yi furrow tare da farantin siginar rectangular tare da ko da gefuna, ina riƙe shi tsaye tare da jagorar jagorar da aka shimfiɗa a saman gado. Sa'an nan kuma furrow tare da ɗakin kwana mai lebur. Zai fi kyau ruwa da tsirrai da ciyawa nan da nan bayan an yi shuka tare da peat Layer 2 cm lokacin farin ciki. 'Ya'yan kwaya na dasa ganye guda da santimita masu tsini da yawa. Adadin germination na iya bambanta ƙwarai tsakanin jinsuna daban daban har ma da jinsuna ɗaya a cikin shekaru daban-daban. Wannan ya dogara da dalilai da yawa, akasarinsu kan yanayin yanayi wanda iri yake farwa. Seedlings yawanci suna da babban jure daskarewa a cikin hunturu kuma, gabaɗaya, don yawancin abubuwan da ba a dace da su ba fiye da tsire-tsire na manya.
Leonid Bondarenko, mujallar Tsvetovod, 2002
http://www.litbulbgarden.com/article/article2.php
Bulbous hunturu
A cikin hunturu, gadaje tare da wannan amfanin gona suna mulched tare da allura ko bambaro zuwa tsayin 5-10 cm. A farkon lokacin bazara, da zaran dusar ƙanƙara ta fara narkewa, an cire rufin nan da nan - kayan hazel ya fito da wuri, kuma kayan sutturar ba zai ba da izinin ƙasa don dumama da sauri ba kuma tsire-tsire na iya yin aiki da ƙarfi.
Yana da mahimmanci don cire ciyawa daga ciyawar fure inda ciyawar ke tsiro a cikin lokaci a cikin bazara
Babban matsalolin lokacin girma
Rashin fure galibi yakan faru ne saboda dalilai da yawa:
- kwararan fitila da suka yi ƙanana da ƙanana a girma ana samun su ne domin dasa shuki - cikenn furanni na ƙwallan hazel na faruwa lokacin da kwan fitila ta sami 200-300 g (diamita 8-12 cm),
- matalauta (kamuwa da naman gwari, overdried) dasa kayan,
- m dasa hazel grouse ne fraught tare da bushewa daga kwararan fitila a farkon kaka da daskarewa a spring,
- yayi sanyi sosai da lokacin bazaar sosai
- Cire hazel grouse ba tare da sake ba - an ba da shawarar sake kunna kwararan fitila a shekara ko duk shekara 2,
- Manyan daskararre ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba da ƙasa mai tauri - ƙasa na iya daskarewa a cikin hunturu kuma kwan fitila ta ji rauni,
- bayan an dasa shuki, gadaje da kayan hazel sukan tattake su kuma sun lalace - saboda tsirrai za su yi toho sai a bazara.
Usean wasan sarki a Yankin Moscow suna buƙatar a haƙa kowace shekara, in ba haka ba baya son yin fure. Yana yiwuwa mutum ya yi fure ba tare da tonowa ba, akwai banbancen. A cikin Ukraine, kusan ba a haƙa shi ba kuma yana jin kyau kwarai. Useauki bazai yi fure daga danshi ba. Ina tono shi duk shekara lokacin da ganye suka zama ja, kuma tare da kara sai na sanya shi a kan takarda a cikin gida a karkashin gado (a kasar). Suna kwance a can har zuwa watan Agusta. Jirgin ƙasa ya bushe kuma ƙaramin farin Tushen ya girma. An bushe bushe mai sauƙi daga kwan fitila. Na dasa albasa a cikin ƙasa, ƙoƙarin kada ya lalata tushen, zuwa zurfin girma mai girma 3 na kwan fitila (kamar tulips). Ba na jin warin mara dadi, watakila ba shi da ƙarfi.
mai daraja
https://www.forumhouse.ru/threads/15423/page-3
Cutar da kwari
Wannan al'ada ta fure tana da saurin jurewa ga cututtukan kwan fitila masu yawa - don ƙarancin hazel grouse raunin ne cuta ko ƙwayoyin fungal. Masana suna ɗaukar jujin amfanin gona shine babban rigakafin cutar don irin wannan farkon shukar furanni. Hanya mafi inganci don gujewa samun kamuwa da cuta a cikin kwan fitila ita ce amfani da fungicides kafin dasa shuki (soaking dasa kayan don 1.5-2 hours). Kuna iya siyan magungunan Maxim Dachnik ko Fitosporin don waɗannan dalilai (amfani da umarnin da aka bayar) ko tsarma na yau da kullun na potassium (maganin ruwan hoda). Daga aphids, ana yayyafa farfajiyar ƙasa lokaci-lokaci tare da toka da ƙura taba (kamar wata har sai fure ya isa), sannan a buƙaci wannan idan bazara ya yi ɗumi sosai. Zan iya fitar da lardin bean ƙwaro ta hannu kawai, tono ƙasa a kusa da furanni da aka dasa.
Fitosporin abokin sa ne na masu yawan lambu da kuma lambu
Hazel grouse lalle zai zama muhimmin kayan ado a cikin lambun bazara - waɗannan furanni masu haske, masu ban mamaki, masu daskararrun furanni masu ban sha'awa da kyawawan furannin su a cikin makonni 2-3 kawai. Amma a watan Afrilu - Mayu, lokacin da wannan al'ada ta fure fure, su ne mafi covetedted da ƙaunataccen fure shuke-shuke. Kasancewar dasa shuki a cikin lambun ku, ba zakuyi nadama ba na minti daya!
Halayen Halittu
Hazel grouse karamin wakilci ne na dangin grouse: yana da nauyi daga 300 zuwa 500 g, kuma baya girma sama da cm 40. Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da sauƙin ganewa ta musamman launi na roba, wanda, a zahiri, yayi aiki a matsayin bikin don sunan Rasha - hazel grouse. Idan ka lura da abin da ya yi daidai, za ka iya ganin launuka iri-iri: ja, baƙi, launin toka, fari, launin ruwan kasa har ma da ja a kusa da idanun. Af, da tsarin a kan plumage na daban-daban hazel grouse na iya zama daban. Sun dogara da mazaunin tsuntsun daji, wanda yake da mahimmanci don ma'anar fasaha don rayuwa. Mata da maza suna da kama da juna, amma ƙarshen suna da ƙarin launi ja a saman idanun, akwai fari a kai, kuma tabo baki mai arziki yana bayyane sama da baki.
Masu koyar da ilimin al'adu sun kirkiri nau'ikan nau'ikan hazel 14, amma an ba da izinin farauta kawai don wakilan ɗayan ɗayansu - Bonasa bonasia, wato, grouse na gama gari. Af, an ba da izinin farautar waɗannan tsuntsaye a wasu lokuta kawai - a cikin bazara da kaka.
Hazel grouse sune tsuntsayen marasa galihu waɗanda basu taɓa barin wuraren asalinsu ba. Gidajen su shine mazaunin da aka ɓoye cikin ciyawa ko gansakuka, wanda tsuntsaye suke rayuwa nau'i-nau'i. A yau ana samun su kusan ko'ina cikin Eurasia a cikin dazuzzukan daji masu yawa, da kuma tsakanin Aspen, Birch, alder. Faransawa da Belgium suna son naman wannan wasan. Daga zamanin da, mazaunan Altai, Sakhalin, Urals, Kolyma, tsibirin Japan na Hokkaido da Korea sun fara neman kayan abinci. A zahiri, ana samun wannan abincin mai daɗin abinci a cikin dukkan ƙasashe inda tsuntsaye suke da yawa.
Darajar abinci mai gina jiki
Rashin daidaituwa ga hazel grouse shine cewa ya ƙunshi sunadarai (18.5 g) da kitsen (19.5 g) a kusan daidai gwargwado, amma a lokaci guda babu adadin kuzari (kawai 250 kcal a cikin 100 grams). Baya ga manyan abubuwan gina jiki, wannan samfurin yana da wadataccen abinci a cikin bitamin B da bitamin A, phosphorus, zinc, baƙin ƙarfe, kuma yana dauke da ƙananan ajiyar magnesium, alli, sodium da potassium.
Nuna nama yana da abinci sosai. Wannan samfurin kyakkyawan tushen furotin ne (100 g ya ƙunshi kusan rabin adadin yau da kullun sunadarai), wanda ke nufin amino acid waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga ɗan adam. Namijin wannan tsuntsun yana samun sauƙin tsarin abinci na mutum. Kuma idan har yanzu masana kimiyya suna da tambayoyi game da nau'ikan nau'in nama, kuma akwai mutane da yawa a cikin duniya da suka ƙi yin amfani da irin wannan samfurin, to, tare da fillet na kaji suna komai daban. Shuka nama, kamar sauran tsuntsayen, ana iya kiransa samfurin abinci, musamman idan ka cire kiba mai yawa daga gare ta.
Yin amfani da dafa abinci
Idan muka tuna cewa ana samun dilolin zelaure da yawa a cikin tsirrai masu tsabtace muhalli, ya zama sananne dalilin da yasa ake kiran abincinsu shine mafi amfani madadin kaji. Girgizar fillet ya bambanta sosai da naman yawancin tsuntsayen wasan. Ba mai taurin kai bane, amma mai matukar taushi, yayi kama da ruwan hoda da fararen gas. Amma don adana kyawawan kaddarorin wannan naman, masana na dafuwa suna ba da shawara su zuba shi da madara su kawo tafasa. Kuma kawai sai a ci gaba da shirye-shiryen da tasa ake so.
Akwai wadatar girke-girke da yawa daga wannan tsuntsuwar karami. Kuma duk sun bambanta, kamar yadda ake dafa abinci a cikin ƙasa. Faransawa, alal misali, suna son dafa girke girke tare da namomin kaza, sa’annan ana amfani da su a cikin tartlet.Mazauna taiga, musamman mafarauta, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna gasa sabon naman tsuntsayen a kan tofa ko shirya miya a ciki. Yawancin girke-girke na d for a don shirin gawa wannan tsuntsu an kiyaye su. Kuma a cikin da yawa daga cikinsu ana bada shawara don dafa girki a cikin tukwane na yumɓu.
Amfanin wannan naman shine cewa an dafa shi da sauri. A matsayinka na mai mulki, bayan minti 20 na maganin zafi, fillet ɗin yana shirye don amfani. Don bincika shiri, ya isa ya huda shi tare da allura mai kauri ko ɗan ƙaramin yatsa (yakamata a shigar da naman).
Kuna iya dafa gawa baki ɗaya, musamman, ɗaukar shi, ƙara yanki na fillet a cikin miya (musamman haɗuwa mai cin nasara tare da miya naman kaza), kuma kuyi stew mai daɗi daga wuya da fuka-fuki. Grouse yayi kyau tare da kayan lambu da namomin kaza (musamman chanterelles). A matsayin abinci mai ban sha'awa mafi ban sha'awa, abarba da kiwi sun dace da dafaffun tsuntsayen. Kuma guda na gama fillet ɗin za'a iya ƙara salati, maimakon sauran nau'in nama. Af, salatin ƙaunataccen da yawa a cikin girke-girke na asali an shirya shi da nama mai fararen nama. Idan kun kunshi yanka na nama a cikin naman alade da kuma toya ko gasa, kuna samun kwano na asali da daɗi. Amma dafa abinci da yawa ba da shawarar pickling gawa na tsuntsaye - nama zai rasa da zest.
Gawar gawawwaki sun dace da tafasa, yin burodi, soya da kuma matsewa. Maballin miya iri-iri sun dace da tsuntsun da aka gama, kodayake, a cewar gourmets da yawa, babu wani abu mai ɗanɗano fiye da girkin hazel tare da miya na daji (musamman haɗuwa mai nasara tare da lingonberries).
Don sanya naman da aka dafa daɗin daɗin gaske, ya kamata ku san wasu sirrin dafa abinci. Misali, domin naman da aka gasa ba ya bushe sosai, dole ne a dafa shi da zazzabi. Kuma kada ku damu cewa abincin zai ƙone. Ka tuna: gawa matattara ce ƙanana kaɗan kuma tana dafa abinci da sauri, don haka ba zai sami lokacin ƙonewa ba. Hakanan yana da kyau don soya tsuntsun sama da zafi mai zafi, a cikin kwanon da aka daɗa mai-zafi. Kuma don samun kayan ƙoshin mai daɗi, kada ku rufe kwanon rufi yayin dafa abinci.
Zaɓuɓɓen dafa abinci
Kayan naman kaji da aka yanka shine ɗayan shahararrun girke-girke mai ƙoshin gaske daga hazel grouse. Dry da pre-gutted da wanke gawa kadan (zaka iya amfani da tawul ɗin takarda), haɗa tare da cakuda gishiri, barkono da kayan yaji da kuka fi so. Sanya garin naman alade da dama, barkono mai zaki, gyada tumatir, albasa, ganye ko kuma wani kayan lambu da za ku dandana a gawa. Gasa sama da zafi mai tsawon mintuna 20-25.
Wani sanannen zaɓi shine soyayyen ƙwallan hazel. Don wannan tasa, suma suna ɗaukar gawawwakin da aka shirya da sura da kayan ƙanshi, amma ba su sanya naman alade a ciki ba, amma suna haɗa jikin tsuntsun da ke gefenta (zaku iya gyara shi da haƙoran haƙora). A wannan tsari, ana soyayyen kayan miya a duk bangarorin a cikin kwanon rufi.
Amma, yana da kyau a faɗi cewa waɗannan girke-girke suna da kalori sosai. Don sanya abincin da aka gama ƙoshi ya zama mai abincin, ba kwa buƙatar ƙara naman alade, kuma gasa da naman tsuntsu a kan wayoyin tarho don ƙona kitse ba ya narke a cikin naman. Gaskiya ne, a wannan yanayin, ya kamata ku kasance da shiri don gaskiyar cewa ƙararrakin da aka ƙare zai zama ba mai m ba.
Amma ƙwararrun masaniyar abinci na Faransa suna ba mu zaɓi mai ladabi da ƙarin zaɓi don dafa kaji - hazel grouse a giya tare da abarba. Don yin wannan, sa a kan takardar takardar yin burodi na Layer na abarba, da aka dafa, a saman - gawawwakin gawar, wanda aka yayyafa da kayan yaji da zuba farin giya. Wannan tasa an gasa shi bai wuce minti 20 ba. Kafin yin hidima, ana iya shayar da gawa tare da karamin adadin ruwan abarba.
Wani mai daɗin daɗi, amma ana dafa abinci a abinci tare da lingonberries. A saboda wannan, gawa da aka shirya yakamata ya cika sabo da lingonberries (zaku iya haɗa berries da ɗan sukari kaɗan) da man shanu. An dafa gawa har sai launin ruwan kasa.
Wasu kwararrun na dafuwa suna dafa buhunan nama daga tsohuwar nama. Don yin wannan, an raba naman daga kasusuwa, to, ƙasa ce, an ƙara kayan ƙanshi kuma an dafa shi cikin madara. Abubuwan da aka kafa meatballs an dan soya su sosai, ana haɗa su cikin nau'i mai zafi, ana ƙara ƙara man shanu da broth. Cook a kan karami bai fi minti 15 ba.
Za a iya hadarin haɗari da haɗari
Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, naman saƙar fata shine ɗayan mafi aminci. Amma har yanzu akwai wasu gargadin. Da fari dai, kamar naman kowane wasa, ƙyallen hazel kafin amfani yana da mahimmanci don ba da cikakken maganin zafi. Tunda tsuntsayen daji sun fi tsuntsayen gida yawanci jigilar dabbobi ne.
Hadari na biyu shine samfurin stale. Naman ba dadi da sauri. Saboda haka, ba za'a iya kiyaye amsar ɗan dimi ba har tsawon lokaci, musamman ba gutted ba. Dole a dafa gawawwakin a dafa ko a kwantar da shi nan da nan.
Gauron gawasa shine ganima maraba da mafarauta, harma da masu dafa abinci. Dafa wannan ɗan tsuntsu abin jin daɗi ne, baya ga yadda gourmets ke jin daɗin nama mai taushi. Yawancin lokaci abincin nama ba mai sauƙi bane don dafa don yin abinci mai daɗi ba tare da halayyar ƙira ba. Amma hazel grouse a wannan batun ne mai kyau togiya. Kuma ga duka, jita-jita daga gare ta ba kawai kayan cin abinci ba ne masu ban sha'awa, har ma suna da amfani ga bitamin, ma'adanai kuma, mafi mahimmanci, furotin, babban "kayan gini" ga jikin mutum.