Gidan Abinci | |||||||
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Masu Abincin Gidaje (Pecari tajacu) | |||||||
Tsarin kimiyya | |||||||
Mulkin: | Eumetazoi |
Infraclass: | Platin |
Superfamily: | Suoidea |
Iyali: | Gidan Abinci |
- Karkatarwa
- BakerCatagonus wagneri)
- Pecari
- Manyan Biredi (Pecari maximus)
- Masu Abincin Gidaje (Pecari tajacu)
- Tayassu
- Gwaraza Mannas (Tayassu pecari)
- † Platygonus
Gidan Abinci (lat. Tayassuidae) - dangin dabbobi masu shayarwa ba su da tsafta. Kafin mallakar gidan alade. An aro kalmar “masu yin burodin” daga yaren Indiyancin Tupi Indiya. An fassara shi zuwa Rashanci a matsayin "dabbar da ke yin hanyoyi da yawa a cikin gandun daji."
Alamar Iyali
Gurasar yin burodi ya bambanta da aladu kuma, don abubuwa da yawa, sunada kusanci ga manyan ungulates:
- An mai ciki mai gasa ya kasu kashi uku, wanda gaban sa yana da wando biyu na jaka mai launin tsiran alade.
- A kafafu na baya, ba 4, kamar a cikin aladu, amma yatsun kafa 3.
- Manyan tsummukan da ke saman suna faɗuwa zuwa ƙasa, kamar yadda cikin masu farauta. Gsayoyin a matsayin mawuyacin abu, masu ƙarfi, amma ba a daɗe ba, kuma suna da hulɗa tare da ƙananan tekunan. Hakora 38 ne kawai.
- A gefen baya, masu yin burodi suna da babban gland suna ɓoye wani ɓoyayyen abu mai kama da musk. Tare da shi, masu yin burodi suna alama da yankunansu, suna ɗaukar bristles a kan ƙarfe kuma suna fesa asirin da ƙarfi a kan kututturen itace, bushes da ciyawa. Sakamakon warin da ba shi da kyau, Amurkawa suna kiran masu yin burodin “musk hog” (musk alade).
Babban bayyanar masu yin burodi sun yi kama da alade: shugaban yana da girma, mai siffa-mai ɗaure, wuya a takaice, idanun su ƙanana, kunnuwa suna zagaye sosai. Hanyoyin bristles suna da kauri, musamman tsayi a baya na kai, wuya da baya, inda ya samar da rawar jiki, wutsiya tayi gajarta kuma tana ɓoye a cikin gashi, kafafu gajere ne kuma na bakin ciki. Masu yin burodi suna ƙasa da aladu: tsawon jiki 75-100 cm, tsayi 44-57 cm, nauyi 16-30.
Duk da yawan mace-macen masu yin abin maye, tsawon rayuwa a cikin bauta ya kai shekaru 24.
Yaɗa
Masu yin burodin suna zaune ne daga kudu maso yammacin Amurka zuwa tsakiyar Argentina. Suna zaune a cikin yanayi daban-daban, daga bushewa zuwa kwari damuna. Omnivores: ciyar a kan ganye, asalinsu da ofa fruitsan tsirrai, ƙananan dabbobi. Suna aiki da daddare, suna kwana suna kwance. Tsayawa garken dabbobi. Matan suna kawo 1-2a 1-2an 1-2.
Babban maqiyan masu yin burodi sune jaguar da cougar. Matasa masu yin burodi suna fuskantar farmaki ta jan lynx da coyote. Uwa mai ƙarfin gaske tana kare saurayi, ciji abokan hakora da haƙora, amma ba ya buge da tsumma, kamar alade. Masu yin saurin haushi da firgita suna haifar da yanayin haɓaka fanks.
Dabbobi
Akwai shahararrun nau'ikan burodi 4 na zamani, haɗaɗɗiyar abubuwa uku:
- Pecari tajacu - masu yin burodi. Tsayi a cikin kafadu shine daga cm 30 zuwa 50. Tsawon jikin mutum shine 80-100 cm .. nauyi shine 15-25 kg. Mayafin yana da launin toka mai launi a kusan dukkan jiki, in banda cheeks, inda mayafin ke da launi mai launin shuɗi, da kuma abin wuya mai launin shuɗi-fari da ke rufe rawar, kafadu da wuya. A kan sacrum sune glandon spinal na musamman ne kawai suke haifar da wannan nau'in. Kawai mai yin burodi a Amurka. Masu yin burodi sun yi hulda da mutane sosai. Suna zaune a cikin garken dabbobi, wanda yawansu yakai 5 zuwa 15 dabbobi. Herbivores tare da hadaddun tsarin ciki, wanda ya isa don narkewar roughage. A kudancin yankin, masu yin burodi suna ciyar da abinci iri-iri, gami da tushen, kwararan fitila, kwayoyi, namomin kaza, wani lokacin za su iya cin ƙwai, ɓarna, ƙananan macizai da kwaɗi. A arewacin yankin, babban tushen abinci shine tushen, kwararan fitila, wake, kwayoyi, berries, ganye da cacti daban-daban.
- Tayassu pecari - Masu yin buda-baki. Mafi girma daga abin wuya. Launi mai launin toka-launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa-baki. A ƙarshen murfin babban farar tabo. A arewaci, ana rarrabashi zuwa Kudancin Mexico kuma ba shi da yawa fiye da na gama gari. Ya yi kama da abin wuya a cikin salon, amma yana samar da garken girma, har zuwa 100 ko fiye da shugabanni. Yankin garke ɗaya an kiyasta daga 60 zuwa 200 km², kuma masu yin burodi suna tsayawa a wani yanki na kwana ɗaya ko biyu kawai. Mafi sau da yawa fiye da nau'in da ya gabata, yana ciyar da abincin dabbobi. Ciki yakan kai kwanaki 158. Matar ta kawo, a matsayin mai mulkin, biyu-jima'i piglets. Ra'ayin yana ba da gwanaye tare da masu yin burodi.
- Catagonus wagneri - masu yin buda-baki, ko masu yin Wagner. Tsawon lokaci ana ganin ya ƙare, burbushin halittu ne ya fara bayyana shi. An gano samfurin farko na rayuwa ne kawai a cikin 1975 a Paraguay. An rarraba shi a cikin yankin Gran Chaco (Bolivia, Paraguay, Kudancin Brazil), a cikin yankunan da ke da ƙasa mai ƙarfi a cikin gandun ƙaya da kuma a cikin bishiyoyi masu ƙaya. An shigar da shi ne a cikin Littafin Rubutun Kasa baki daya.
- Pecari maximus - Manyan giya. Wani sabon kallo, wanda aka bude a shekarar 2007 a kasar Brazil. Har zuwa wannan lokacin, an kuma yi la'akari da karewa.
Siffofi da mazaunan masu dafa abincin aladu
Alama masu dafa abinci- da dabbobi na talabijin. Ganin mutum mai kyamarar bidiyo ko ruwan tabarau na hoto, suna ɗaukar nauyi, suna tsayawa, suna nuna alama a zahiri ga mai harbi.
Wadannan halittun masu ban al'ajabi suna zaune a cikin tsibirin Amurka, ana iya samo su a cikin ajiyar kudu maso yammacin Amurka, a Kudancin Amurka tare da duk gabar tekun Pacific, a yammacin Argentina, Ecuador da kusan dukkanin kusurwar Mexico. Gurasa ba su da wata ma'ana ga yanayin da kusan keɓancewa, saboda haka mazauninsu suna da faɗi sosai.
A yau, mutane sun san nau'i huɗu na waɗannan aladu na daji, biyu waɗanda aka sake gano su a karni na 20, yayin aiwatar da tarin ƙasashe masu zafi da ɓarnar savannah, kuma kafin wannan an ƙaddara su.
A yau, an san masana kimiyya masu dafa naman alade nau'ikan nau'ikan:
Waɗannan su ne kawai masu yin burodi da ke zaune a Amurka. Rashin daidaituwar nau'in halitta shine cewa a cikin sashin sacral na baya na dabbobin da suka girma akwai wasu glandan na musamman na ƙarin takaddama.
'Yan aladu masu haɗin kai suna zaune a cikin garken mutane 5-15, suna da zamantakewa, suna da haɗin gwiwa da abokantaka. Suna da fararen koren 'fari' mai launi, godiya ga wanda ya samo sunan su.
Suna son cin abinci, sun fi son cin abinci a kan namomin kaza, tumatir, albasa, harbe na wake da kuma, isasshe, cacti. Koyaya, sun zama omnivores kuma baza su wuce wuce gona da iri ba - gawawwakin kwalaye, macizai, lalata gawawwakin dabbobi mafi girma ko ƙwalla da ƙwai. Suna girma zuwa rabin mita a ƙ theƙasassun har zuwa tsawon mita, tare da matsakaicin nauyin 20-25 kg.
Hoto shine abun wuya masu dafa abincin alade
- Gemu fari.
Rayuwa galibi a cikin Meziko, manyan, dabbobi masu ƙarfi waɗanda aka shirya a garkunan har zuwa daruruwan shugabannin. Sun sami sunansu saboda haske mai haske a ƙarƙashin ƙananan muƙamuƙin.
Garkunan dabbobi koyaushe suna yawo, ba su fi tsawon kwana uku ba, har ma a wuraren da suka dace da su. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa masu yin burodi masu fararen fata, kodayake masu iko ne, sun fi son cin abinci, wanda suke nema.
Masu dafa abincin alade na fari-gemu
- Chaksky ko, kamar yadda ake kiransu - masu yin Wagner.
Wadannan dabbobi an jera su a cikin Littafin Layi. Da dadewa ana zaton dadaddun halittu ne, masanan ilmin halitta suka bayyana su daga burbushin halittun da aka samo a Yammacin Turai. Kuma an sake gano su da rai a 1975 lokacin da suke kwance layin wutar lantarki a Paraguay.
Ra'ayin yana da wuya a lura da yin nazari, tunda mazaunin shi shine gandun daji na Gran Chaco, watau yankin budurwar daji da ke shafan jihohi uku - Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay.
Babban abin lura da waɗannan masu yin burodin ana yin su ne a wurare da gandun daji mai tsayi da kuma gandun daji, kuma, a wannan lokacin, likitocin dabbobi sun dogara ne kawai da cewa waɗannan dabbobi suna son cin ƙaya kuma suna da kunya, sun gwammace su ɓoye a bayan ɓarna ko kuma wasu wuraren mafaka da zaran sun lura da kansu kallo.
A cikin hoto, alayen pechary na Czech
- Gigantius, ko kuma giant.
Ba a yi nazarin wannan nau'in ba kwata-kwata. An sake gano shi ba da gangan ba a shekara ta 2000, tare da lalata gandun daji a Brazil. Burbushin da suke kama da manyan masu yin burodi ana yawan yinsa a cikin Turai, amma har yanzu ba a san ko ragowar ba kuma dabbobin da aka gano ba zato ba tsammani iri daya ne.
Halin hali da salon masu yin burodi
Ainihin, duk bayanai game da waɗannan dabbobin, kamar su halayyar, bayanin irin abincin masu dafa naman alade, wanda aka samo daga abubuwan lura da rayuwar aladu na abin ɗorawa a cikin ɗaukacin Amurka.
Masu yin burodi sun fi son rayuwar maraice da ta dare, suna jin daɗi kuma suna da haɓaka mai daɗin ci. Suna da jama'a sosai, suna zaune a cikin garkunan dabbobi, kuma suna da madaidaicin matsayi.
Ba a sabuntar shugabancin jagora ba, kamar yadda yake hakkinsa na hada mace da mace. Idan daya daga cikin maza ya yanke hukuncin kiran halayen shugaban garken cikin shakka, to babu fada ko fada. Namiji mai shakka dan kawai ya fita ya tattara nasa garken.
Amma game da hali, masu yin burodi sun daɗe ana ganin dabbobi marasa kunya. Koyaya, a tsakiyar karni na ashirin akwai wani yanayi na walwalar adana dabbobi kamar dabbobi.
Haka kuma, mafi yawan abin da aka fi so shi ne mafi kyawu. Wannan sha'awar ta lalata tatsuniyar jin kunya na masu yin burodi, suna masu nuni da cewa wadannan aladu na daji suna da zaman jama'a, masu kwanciyar hankali da matukar son kai.
A yau, ana iya samo waɗannan dabbobin a yawancin wuraren kiwon dabbobi, inda suke jin girma kuma sun kasance, idan ba taurari ba, to, ƙaunatattun baƙi ne. Bugu da ƙari, akwai masu yin burodi a cikin wasu wurare da yawa na Kanada, wanda riguna da ɗakuna suna kan ka'idar "babban saman".
Arfafawa da tsawon shekaru na masu yin burodi
Masu yin burodin basu da takamaiman lokacin yin kiwo. Saduwa ta jima'i tsakanin mace da shugaban garken yana faruwa kusan iri ɗaya a cikin mutane - a kowane lokaci.
Idan mace ta samu juna biyu, to matsayinta na dindindin zai kasance daga kwanaki 145 zuwa 150. Ya fi son haihuwar masu yin burodi a wuri mai ɓoye ko rami, amma koyaushe cikin kaɗaita.
Yawancin lokaci ana haihuwar letsanyen alade, da wuya ake samun su. Yaran suna zuwa ƙafafunsu a rana ta biyu ta rayuwarsu, kuma da zarar hakan ta faru, sai su koma tare da mahaifiyarsu ga sauran dangin.
Masu yin burodin suna rayuwa ne ta hanyoyi daban-daban, a karkashin yanayi mai kyau - kasancewar makiya na zahiri, abinci mai kyau da ƙoshin lafiya - har zuwa shekaru 25. Koyaya, ba da daɗewa ba, a cikin gidan zana na Thai, mai yin burodi ya yi bikin ranar haihuwar sa ta talatin, yayin da yake cikin ƙoshin lafiya.
A cikin hoto aladu masu yin burodi tare da cubs
Dangane da lura da likitocin dabbobi da masana ilimin halitta, mai yin abincin alade a Kudancin Amurka da wuya ya rayu har zuwa shekaru 20, yana mutuwa akan matsakaici a 15-17. Ko wannan ya faru ne saboda bambancin ko wasu dalilai, masana kimiyya ba su tantance ba.
Gurasar Abinci
Masu yin burodi suna matukar son cin abinci, suna kallon su, zaka iya ganin kullun suna tauna wani abu, kuma galibi suna da cizo yayin aiwatarwa, kamar yadda mutane suke yi. Wadannan dabbobin suna da iko - suna iya tsunke ciyawa, ko cin ƙwayayen wake, ku ci namomin kaza, ko ku kori kujeru su ci gawa na dabbar da ta mutu.
Irin waɗannan abubuwan zaɓin iri-iri na zaɓaɓɓu ne saboda tsarin ciki da hakora. ciki na buhunan alade na daji yana da bangarori uku, na farkon wanda, a ƙari, yanayi ya samar da jakar "makafi".
Kuma a cikin bakin kowace dabba - 38 hakora, tare da ci gaba mai kyau, nika abinci kuma tare da ƙaƙƙarfan shinge na trihedral a gaba, gaba ɗaya daidai da kowane maƙiyin.
Yawancin masana ilimin halittu sun yi imanin cewa da zarar masu yin burodi ba kawai sun wadatar da abinci da makiyaya ba, har ma da farauta. Yanzu, ana amfani da gogewan don kariya daga abokan gaba kawai - pumas da jaguars, da kuma lalata naman manyan jirgin ruwa.
Ta tattara labarin game da waɗannan dabbobi masu ban mamaki, waɗanda ba a sani ba ga mutane, ya wajaba a ambaci tarihin sunan - masu abincin aladu yasa aka kira su hakan ba kasa da ban sha'awa fiye da kansu.
Lokacin da Turawa, majagaba suka bincika nahiyar ta Amurka, sun fuskanci kyakkyawar mu'amala da abokantaka dan asalin Amurka mai suna "Tupi", wanda zuriyarsa har yanzu suna zaune a Brazil ta zamani.
Da gani daga nesa wani gungun dabbobin da ba a saba gani ba, Fotigal ya fara nuna musu tsawa, suna ihu suna cewa “Aladu, aladu iri iri”, sai Indiyawan suka kama kalmar da ke jin kunnuwan Turawa kamar “Masu Gurasa”.
Bayan wani lokaci, ya zama sananne cewa "masu yin burodi" ba kalma ɗaya ba ce, amma da yawa kuma an fassara wannan kalmar a matsayin "dabbar da ke bin hanyoyi da yawa na gandun daji," wanda ke bayyana aladen mai siye da kyau kuma daidai.
Gurasa
Abubuwa masu ban mamaki da dabbobi waɗanda a baya mallakar dangin Pig an dauki su a matsayin masu yin burodi. An fassara dabbobi masu shayarwa dabbobi masu ma'anar dabbobi "ma'anar dabbobin, suna yin hanya a cikin gandun daji." Mafi yawan wuraren zama ga dabbobi shine yankuna Sabuwar Duniya da Yammacin Turai. Masu yin burodi suna da alaƙa da yawa tare da aladu, ba kawai a waje ba, har ma a cikin hali, halaye da sauran halaye.
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Bayanin da hali
Gurasar kananan dabbobi ne. Suna da tsawon jiki har zuwa mita daya, girma zuwa girman 57 cm. Yawancin manya da wuya ya wuce kilogiram 30. Siffofin dabbobi masu shayarwa gajere ne, gajere mai siffa, kai mai nauyi, jijiyoyi mai zurfi, cikakken bayani, kananan idanu da kunnuwa masu zagaye. Masu yin burodi suna da gajerun kafafu da wutsiya. Dukkanin jikin an rufe shi da kaffarar burtsatse (a baya kuma yana bushewa, yana kama da mane).
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A cikin ƙasashe da yawa, ana kiran masu yin burodi aladu musk saboda dabbobi suna ɓoye wani keɓantaccen, har ma da asirin da ba shi da kyau. Lokacin da dabbobi masu shayarwa dabba suka kasance cikin farin ciki, yakan fara '' jin daɗi 'kuma ya ɗan ɗaga hancinsa.
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Kuna iya rarrabe mai yin burodi daga alade ta alamu masu zuwa: a cikin dabbobi a kan ramin kafa, yatsunsu uku, hakora 38 a cikin bakin, nau'i biyu na mammary gland, manyan kannun trihedral ana jagoranta zuwa ƙasa, an rarraba ciki zuwa kashi uku. Wani fasalin alade mai ƙyalƙyali shine ikonta na alamar ƙasa ta hanyar fesa ruwa mai ƙanshi.
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Gurasa suna zaune a cikin garken shanu. Suna son cin lokaci da daddare. Dabbobi sukan yi ƙaura daga wannan ƙasa zuwa wani. A saman garken kuwa shugabar mata ce mafi tsufa.
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Abincin dabbobi
Saboda hadaddun tsarin da ke ciki, masu burodi na iya sauƙaƙe narke abinci mai wuya. Herbivores bai damu da cin kwayoyi ba, tushen tsiro, tsiro, namomin kaza. A cikin lokutan musamman fama da yunwa, aladu musk suna iya cin abinci, kwaɗi, ƙwai da macizai. Ya danganta da wurin zama, abincin masu yin burodi ya canza. Don haka, za su iya cin ɗanyen m, tsutsotsi, kwari, cacti (don kawar da ƙaya, dabbobi masu shayarwa suna dasa shuka a ƙasa), wake da tsire-tsire iri-iri.
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Abubuwan waje na masu yin burodi
Masu yin burodi ƙananan dabbobi ne: tsawon jikinsa ya kai 70-100 cm, tsayinsa bai wuce 57 cm ba a mayukan, nauyi yakai kilo 30. Suna da siket mai kamanni, da ɗan nauyi a kan ɗan gajeren wuƙa, tare da jinƙan daɗaɗɗen fuska da madaidaiciyar bayanin martaba, idanu suna ƙanana, kunnuwa masu kyau, zagaye, kafafu suna da bakin ciki, gajeru. Jiki yana da nauyi, tare da ɗan rataye da baya da gajeren wutsiya.
Dukkanin buhunan buhunan an rufe shi da buɗaɗɗen fure, waɗanda ake ganin sun fi tsayi a cikin ƙuraje da kuma layin baya da kuma kama da kwal. Game da annashuwa, mane yana tashi, yana fallasa mafitsara, daga inda aka tona masa sirrin "kamshi" mai ɗorewa.
Abinci mai gina jiki, salon rayuwa, fasali na haihuwar kananan dabbobi
Masu yin burodi suna zaune a cikin kananan dabbobi. Waɗannan dabbobi masu tawali'u: suna jin da girma duka a cikin busassun lokacin bushewa da kuma rairayin ƙasa. Yawancinsu ba su da rana.
Abincinsu ya haɗa da: nau'ikan nau'ikan tsire-tsire, Tushen, kwayoyi, ganye, ƙwaya, da kwari, ƙananan ƙwayoyi, kwaro, har ma da kaya.
Mace na iya kawo pigan tsintsiya madaidaiciya ɗaya ko biyu ba tare da la'akari da lokacin ba, amma mafi yawan lokuta a lokacin damina. Kafin ta haihu, tana buƙatar barin garken domin nemo wuri mai natsuwa, amintacce.Idan ba ta aikata hakan ba, danginta na iya cin ɗanɗano.
Nan da nan, jarirai za su fara tafiya da kansu, mahaifiyar kuma za ta koma cikin garken tare da su.
Masu yin burodin gida
Aladu masu alaƙa suna da sauƙin hora da kuma gida. A lokaci guda, zai kasance mai kusanci da mai shi sosai har zai fara nemo shi idan ya ɓace da shi na dogon lokaci, kuma lokacin da ya same ta, zai nuna farin ciki ta hanyar ihu da kuma irin ihu.
Masu shayarwa masu shayarwa suna da kyau tare da sauran dabbobin gida, amma idan baƙi sun kusanto, sai su fara damuwa, nika da ɗaga hankalinsu. Yayi biris da ƙarfi ga ƙananan karnuka.
Abin da ya sa masu yin burodi ba aladu bane
A baya, waɗannan dabbobin sun kasance daga dangin aladu, amma har yanzu akwai wasu dalilai da yawa da suka sa suka rabu cikin iyali daban "masu yin burodi".
A cikin alade, ana jan burikan maxillary sama ko kuma a gefe - don masu gasa ƙasa.
A cikin aladu, ciki shine guda-ɗaki - a cikin burodi, akwai sassan uku, mai rikitarwa.
Aladu suna da maganin cizon ƙona-burodi - ba masu burodi ba.
Aladu suna da yatsun kafa 4 a kowane ƙafa, kuma masu yin burodi suna da yatsun kafa 3 a kafafunsu na baya.
A cikin aladu na manya, hakora 44 - a cikin buhunan manya, 38.
Aladu suna da nau'i 5 ko 8 na gemar mammary - masu yin burodi suna da nau'i biyu.
Ciyar da matasa aladu ne da za'ayi kwance - masu yin burodi a tsaye.
Masu yin burodi suna da manyan gland a bayansu, amma aladu ba su da shi.
Bayanin masu yin burodi
Masu yin burodi sune ƙananan dabbobi masu tsayin tsayin mita ɗaya da tsayi a ƙasan da basu wuce 55-57 cm ba. Matsakaicin nauyin dabba dabba shine 28-30 kg. Dukkanin masu yin burodi suna da alaƙa ta kasancewar kamanni mai ɗaure kai, da ɗan nauyi a kan ɗan gajeren wuya. Dabba na da madaidaiciyar bayanin martaba da kuma jijiyoyi masu ƙima, ƙananan idanu da kunnuwa masu zagaye. Kafa mai yin burodi suna da bakin ciki da gajeru.
Abin ban sha'awa ne! A cikin Amurka, mai yin burodi ya karɓi suna mai suna "musky alade", wanda saboda ƙanshi ne mai daɗin ƙanshi na ɓoyayyen abubuwan da ke ɓoye ta hanyar glandar ta musamman wacce take a ƙananan baya, kusa da wutsiya.
Ginin yana da nauyi, yana da wutsiya mara kyau da kuma rataye da baya. Jikan mai yin burodi yana rufe da mataccen ciyawa mai kauri, wanda ya fi tsayi a ƙasan da a baya, saboda haka ya yi kama da wani irin saƙa. A mataki na farantawa mutum rai, ana iya ɗaukar wannan saurin a hankali, wanda ke fallasa maƙarƙashiyar, wanda ke haifar da ɓoyewar sirrin “siriri”.
Bayyanar
Masu yin burodi suna da bambance-bambance masu yawa daga aladu, wanda ke ba su damar rarrabe su azaman rukunin ungulates:
- rabuwa da ciki zuwa sassa uku tare da makafin jaka na tsiran alade,
- gaban yatsunsu guda uku a kan wata gabar jiki,
- a kasa kusada kusada fangs,
- 38 hakora
- nau'i biyu na mammary gland.
Ta amfani da sirri na musamman kamar musk, masu yin burodin manya suna yiwa yankinsu alama ta hanyar fesa ruwa mai-ƙamshi mai daɗi a kan ciyawa, ciyawa ko duwatsu.
Dimorphism na jima'i
Maza da mata daga nau'in dabbobi da yawa suna da bambanci sosai a kamanninsu ko fasalin fasali, amma masu yin burodi basa cikin wannan rukunin. Wani mahimmin fasali na masu yin burodi shine cikakkiyar bayyanar alamun rashin mutuƙar jima'i. Koyaya, "aladu" kansu sune hanyoyi masu kyau don rarrabe juna ta hanyar jinsi.
Habitat, mazauni
Jimlar yankin da ke mallakar garken mutum guda ɗaya na iya kaiwa daga 6-7 zuwa kadada 1,250. Ana yin alamar ƙasar dabbobi ta hanyar amfani da feces, kazalika da ɓoyewa daga glandan gabobin. Masu yin burodin da ba sa aiki - wannan shine kaɗai jinsin da ke zaune a Amurka, inda daga mutane biyar zuwa goma sha biyar ake haɗuwa cikin garken.
Yankin garken burodin giya a arewa da iyaka kuma zuwa Kudancin Mexico 60-200 km 2. Manyan garkunan wannan nau'in galibi galibi suna wakiltar su daruruwan ko sama da shugabanni. Masu dafaffen farar fata suna da ikon tsayawa a wani yanki na 'yan kwanaki, bayan an nemi abinci a wata ƙasa. Wannan nau'in galibi yana ciyar da abincin asalin dabba.
Abincin burodi
Herbivores ya bambanta a tsarin hadaddun ciki, wanda ke tabbatar da cikakken narkewar nau'ikan abinci. A mazaunin Kudancin, masu yin burodi suna ciyar da abinci iri-iri masu yawa, waɗanda tushen sa, kwararan fitila, kwayoyi da namomin kaza suka wakilta.
Wasu lokuta irin waɗannan dabbobi suna iya cin abinci da ƙwai, kwaɗi da ƙananan macizai. A arewacin yankin, babban dalilin ciyar da irin wannan dabba shine kwararan fitila da asalinsu, kwayoyi da wake, fure daban-daban, ciyawar ciyawa da cacti, tsutsotsi da kwari.
A cikin yankuna masu bushewa na mazaunin abinci, abincin ga waɗannan dabbobin shine ƙarancin ciyayi, don haka yawancin nau'ikan cacti suna zuwa ciyarwa, waɗanda cikin sauƙin sauƙin sarrafawa ta hanyar hanzari na hawa biyu. Manyan masu yin buda-baki tare da taimakon kayan wulakancinsu sun tono dunƙule a saman duniya, wanda ke ceton shi daga ƙaya.
Kiwo da zuriya
Masu dafaffen farar fata sun sami damar haihuwar zuriya duk shekara, amma ganimar lokacin kiwo shine yafi yawa a lokacin bazara da damina. Cutar ciki tana wuce kwanaki 156-162, bayan haka haihuwar daya zuwa hudu. Bayan 'yan awanni bayan haihuwa, jariran sun sami damar yin tafiya tare da kansu kuma za su bi mahaifiyarsu. Lokaci na kiwo yana hade da yalwar abinci da ruwan sama.
Ana kiran manyan masu yin cocin ne saboda rashin takamaiman lokacin kiwo, saboda haka ana iya haihuwar jarirai duk shekara. Haɗa canjin yanayi yana shafar yanayi da kasancewar ruwan sama. Mazaje mafi rinjaye galibi suna tarayya da duk mace a cikin garken.
Abin ban sha'awa ne! cewa masu yin burodin farin-giya suna iya samar da iri-iri tare da masu yin burodi.
Cutar ciki tana kimanin kwanaki 141-151, kuma ana haihuwar oneaya zuwa uku a cikin zuriyar dabbobi. Tsawon watanni uku, mace ta ciyar da jariran da madara. Maza sun isa ga balaga cikin watanni goma sha ɗaya, kuma mace ta zama namiji na yin jima'i a watanni 8-14.
Abokan halitta
Babban mawuyacin adawar masu yin burodi a cikin mazauninsu na halitta sune jaguars da cougars, da kuma mutane. Mutane suna cin naman irin dabbobi masu shayarwa marasa ma'ana masu ma'ana iri-iri don manufar haɓakar nama da fata. Matasa masu yin burodi suna karo da coyotes da jan lynx. Uwa sosai take kare mutuncin zuriyarta kuma tana ciza abokan gaba da hakora. Mai yin fushi ko firgici mai firgita yana haifar da babban sifa na tsintsiyar wuya.