Arctic char | ||||||||||
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Tsarin kimiyya | ||||||||||
Mulkin: | Eumetazoi |
Infraclass: | Kifi mai ƙwanƙwasa |
Subfamily: | Kifi |
Duba: | Arctic char |
Salvelinus alpinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Haraji akan wikids | Hotunan akan Wikimedia Commons |
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Littafin Red na Rasha yawan yana raguwa | |
Duba Bayani Arctic char a shafin yanar gizon IPEE RAS |
Arctic char (lat. Salvelinus alpinus) - wani nau'in kifi mai launin shuɗi, na dangin salmon, ya samar da siffofi da yawa: ƙaura, tabkin kogi.
Siffar hanyar yanki-shekara duk shekara tana kunshe da dukkanin kewayen pola da kuma yankuna zuwa arewa da kudu daga shi (yankin da ke kewaye da shi). Ana wucewa ta hanyar char zuwa spain a cikin koguna na Norway, Iceland, Svalbard, Novaya Zemlya, Murman, tare da bakin tekun Siberiya zuwa Ob, Yenisei, Pyasin, kogin Kanada, Alaska da Greenland. Ana samun nau'ikan mazaunin a cikin tabkuna na Kola Peninsula, tafkunan Alpine, kwarin Baikal da Kogunan Farhan da ke gudana zuwa Gabar Bitrus Mai Girma. A cikin kwari na Pacific, ana samun kariyar Arctic a gefen iyakar Asiya da Amurka zuwa Koriya da California. A cikin Tekun Pasifik, ana kiran Arctic charma sau da yawa (duk da haka, an yi imani cewa malma wata halitta ce dabam, Salvelinus malma ).
Gudun caji - kifi suna da girma, har zuwa 88 cm tsayi kuma har zuwa kilogram 15-16 na nauyi, azurfa, tare da shuɗi mai duhu mai duhu, bangarorin an rufe su da manyan wurare masu haske. Canja wurin caja - mafarauci yana cin kifayen kifayen da wasu kifayen da kuma kifayen. Shiga cikin koguna domin yin yawo, caja ya zama duhu, baya ya zama mai launin shuɗi-baki, bangarorin sun zama ruwan kasa, tare da kayan ruwan zinare da launuka masu launin ja ko lemo mai yawa. Lacustrine siffofin arctic char kuma suna yaɗu. Sukan yi yawo a cikin tafkunan, ba tare da sun wuce su ba. Karfin kogin-lake ya fi wannan yanki girma (35-45 cm, nauyin al'ada 0.3-1.5 kg). A bayyanar da salon rayuwa, suna da matuƙar tunatar da su. Arctic loach alƙalumman da ke zaune a Transbaikalia, tare da biyan kuɗi na wutar Siberian ta Gabas na Davatans Salvelinus alpinus erythrinusda aka jera a cikin Littafin Red na Rasha kamar yadda aka rage a lamba (aji 2).
An haɗa caji mai wucewa yana da shekaru 5-7 don spawning a cikin ƙananan ƙananan koguna. Kogin yana gudana a cikin lokuta biyu: a watan Yuni da Agusta - Satumba. Cajin lokacin damina wani nau'in hunturu ne kuma yana jujjuyawa zuwa ga teku, yawanci a lokacin rani. Sanannen cajin yana gama gari lokacin kaka da farkon hunturu, wasu kifaye, da alama bazara ne. A wasu wuraren ajiya, tanadin caji yana tsawaita sosai. Ciyarwa na iya faruwa dare da rana. A cikin kogin Kara da kuma a cikin koguna na Novaya Zemlya, an lura da lokacin bazara da ranakun kusa da ca. Matasa caji suna ciyarwa a cikin kogin tsawon shekaru 2-4. Caja baya tafiya zuwa cikin teku kuma yafi zama a sararin estuarine, a yankin kogin da aka haife shi. Tsawon lokacin zamansa a teku, a matsayin mai mulkin, bai wuce watanni 2-3 ba. A lokacin da yake zaune a cikin kogin, yana ciyar da mollusks, crustaceans, larvae kwari, da kifi na yara. Manya na cin m cod, gerbil, capelin a cikin teku, da kuma kayan sawa da narkewa a cikin tabkuna. Yana ciyarwa, a bayyane, duk shekara.
Inda aka samo caja da kwatancin ta
Char char na cikin gidan salmon ne. Akwai nau'ikan wannan kifin. Mafi girma shine kunja, wanda zai iya kaiwa tsawonsa ya kai mita ɗaya da nauyinsa sama da kilo 10., Yana zaune a Rasha a cikin Gabas ta Tsakiya. Har yanzu zaka iya rarrabe nau'ikan kamar Arctic, lacustrine, Pacific, rafi, Boganidsky, mustachioed.
Babban mazaunin wannan kifaye shine Tekun Pacific, Atlantika da Arctic Arctic. Ana iya samunsa a cikin tafkuna na Amurka na Turai da Turai, wasu nau'ikan suna zaune a Japan.
Ana iya bambanta wannan kifin daga wasu wakilan dangin salmon ta ƙananan sikeli, waɗanda kusan ba sa ganuwa. Kuna iya tunanin cewa kifin 'tsirara' ne kuma gabaɗaya ba tare da rufin kariya ba.
Wannan shine dalilin sanya mata irin wannan suna - Golet. A kan sikeli (dangane da iri-iri), zaku iya ganin ɗigon launuka daban-daban, waɗanda bazu ko'ina.
Abun kifin char kifi
Naman yana da daɗi sosai kuma yana ƙunshe da kayan abinci mai guba mai narkewa. Daga cikin bitamin, Vitamin A (36 mg.), Bitamin B1 (0.14 mg.), B2 (0.12 mg.), B6 (0.3 mg.), B9 (15 mg.), B12 ( 1 mg.), Vitamin E (1 mg.), Vitamin PP (3 mg.) Kuma Vitamin K (0.1 mg.) Per 100 g. samfurin.
Daga cikin abubuwan da ake nema na ganowa - Phosphorus (270 mg.), Potassium (317 mg.), Sodium (51 mg.), Magnesium (33 mg.), Calcium (26 mg.), Copper (72 mg.), Selenium (12 , 6 MG.). Kuma yana da mahimmanci ga mayukan jikin dan adam - Omega 3.
Calorie char char
Ana iya danganta wannan kifin ga abinci mai ƙarancin kalori, saboda naman ya ƙunshi kawai 135 kcal a cikin 100 g.
BZHU akan 100 gr. - Sunadaran (22 gr.), Fats (5.7 gr.) Carbohydrates (0 gr.)
Nawa chaji za ku iya ci kowace rana?
Duk da duk kayan amfani da yake da shi, ba a ba da shawarar cin naman wannan kifin a kullun ko sau da yawa a rana, don kar a ƙetare bukatun yau da kullun na jikin mutum ga ɗakunan bitamin da ma'adanai waɗanda char ɗin ke da wadatar su.
A cewar masana ilimin abinci, ana bada shawara a haɗa da abincin char ba sau da yawa ba sau 1-2 a mako, kuma rabon ya zama kusan 100-150 gr. ga saurayi mai lafiya.
A bayanin kula! An narke caji a jikin mutum na ɗan lokaci sama da awa uku.
Iri nau'ikan kifin char, kwatancen
Ba a tantance adadin nau'in kifayen daidai ba: yana faruwa ne cewa mutane dabam-dabam na rayuwa iri ɗaya ne na ruwa, ya bambanta launuka, girmansa da sifofin abincinsu. Amma tabbas kakanninsu na yau da kullun sanannu ne - wannan shi ne Arctic char. Game da mazauninsu, akwai manyan nau'ikan wuraren koguna guda uku:
Amfanin kifi
1. Omega-3 mai kitse yana taimakawa wajen kula da cholesterol na jini, wanda shine rigakafin cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan zuciya musamman bugun zuciya da bugun jini, gami da yakar matakai daban-daban na kumburi.
2. Phosphorus da alli suna ba da gudummawa ba kawai don karfafa ƙashin ƙashi a cikin manya ba, har ma ga ci gaban ƙashi a cikin yara.
3. Potassium yana da mahimmanci don ƙarfafawa da aiki na yau da kullun na ƙwayar tsoka da kuma daidaita daidaitaccen ruwan-gishiri na jiki.
4. Vitamin na rukuni na B yana kara yawan aiki, suna da amfani ga tsarin jijiyoyi, kuma suna taimakawa jure damuwa da bacin rai cikin sauki.
5. Selenium yana taimaka wajan karfafa garkuwar jiki, yana rage jinkirin tsufa, yana inganta farfadowar jiki, rage hadarin kamuwa da cutarwa.
6. Naman abincin wannan kifayen samfuri ne mai kyau ga waɗanda suke so su rasa nauyi. Babban abun ciki na furotin da rashin kitse yana sanya shi kyakkyawan samfurin ga kowane abincin rana ko abincin dare. Idan ka tururi ko ka dafa shi, to wannan naman shima ya dace da lafiyar abinci.
7. Vitamin A ya zama dole don rigakafin cututtukan ophthalmic, yana taimakawa wajen murmurewa da sauri bayan damuwa na gani.
8. Loach nama shine tushen mahaɗan halitta wanda ke taimakawa daidaitaccen bacci da hana haɓakar rikice-rikice na rayuwa.
Menene amfanin char ga mata
Ana iya la'akari da fa'idar loach ga mata dangane da sabuntawar jiki.
Masana sun zo cikin yarjejeniya cewa tare da cinye abincin char na yau da kullun, bayan wani ɗan gajeren lokaci, zaku iya lura cewa fata ta zama mai santsi da silky, ƙwanƙolin ƙuraje yana raguwa.
Antioxidants suna taimakawa wajen yaki da mummunan tasirin yanayi a jikin fatar, karfafa tsarin kewaya cikin jiki, da sabuntawar kwayarwa cikin sauri, wanda ke inganta tasirin tsufa.
Char a lokacin daukar ciki
Naman wannan kifin zai kasance da amfani ga mata masu juna biyu da masu shayarwa. Babban taro na magnesium yana ba da gudummawa ga amincin haihuwar yaro da ingantaccen tsarin gabobin ciki na tayin.
A lokacin shayar da nono, ya zama dole a hada wannan kifin a cikin abincin yau da kullun, kamar yadda jariri tare da madara zai samu cikakkiyar kayan bitamin da ma'adanai masu amfani.
Shin zai yiwu ne ga yara?
Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, naman wannan kifin zai kasance da amfani don ƙarfafa da girma ƙasusuwa a cikin yaro, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga ingantaccen haɓaka ƙananan ƙwayar halitta gaba ɗaya.
Musamman ma yaron yana buƙatar magnesium don samar da tsarin juyayi, kazalika da selenium don ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi da kare lafiyar yarinyar yarinyar daga kamuwa da cuta.
Yana gabatar da sabon kaya a cikin abincin jariri, yana farawa tun yana da shekaru uku kuma a cikin kananan rabo, don kada ya tsokane rashin lafiyan kuma a sanya ido a hankali game da yadda jaririn ya kasance game da wannan kifin.
Abinda ke da amfani ga tsofaffi
1. A cikin tsufa, akwai hadarin kamuwa da bugun zuciya da bugun jini. Kuma wannan samfurin, kamar yadda aka rubuta a sama, na iya yin aiki azaman prophylactic game da cututtukan zuciya.
2. A cikin tsofaffi, ƙwayar kasusuwa tana ƙaruwa, wanda ke haifar da fashewa sau da yawa, sabili da haka, cin naman char zai iya rage haɗarin haɓakar wannan cutar.
3. Ikon da zai tsawanta matasa da kuma sassauta tsarin tsufa na dukkan jikin ma muhimmin abu ne ga tsofaffi.
Yadda ake zaba
Lokacin da sayen gawa mai sanyi, da fatan za a kula:
- Sikeli ya zama azurfa tare da aibobi a bangarorin. Gawar ta kasance mai santsi har ma, kasancewar kasancewar a cikin mayuka na nuna maimaita ɓarnatar da samfurin. Theaƙƙarfan ya kamata ya dace da snugly a kan gawa, gilashin suna da launin ruwan hoda mai ruwan hoda.
Idan zaku iya samun sabobbin (kyankyasai), a kula:
- Lokacin danna kan gawa, yakamata babu denti. Kyakkyawan samfurin sabo yana da idanu masu kyau da ruwan giya mai haske, ƙanshin sabo mai daɗi.
A bayanin kula! Zai fi kyau saya gawawwaki har zuwa 40 cm a tsayi. Irin wannan karamin kifi tabbas zai ƙunshi ƙasa da Mercury da baƙin ƙarfe mai nauyi saboda ɗan gajeren rayuwar rayuwarsa.
Yadda ake dafa char
Zai dace a shirya shi, tunda ba lallai bane a tsabtace shi daga sikeli, ana wanka da kyau sosai a cikin ruwan sanyi.
Yana da amfani sosai a gasa, a tafasa ko a turɓaya wannan kifin, saboda haka zaku iya kiyaye mafi yawan kyan kayan amfani da adadin kuzari.
Yana da daɗi sosai a gasa shi a cikin tanda (ko a kan gasa) a cikin tsare tare da kayan lambu ko lemun tsami. Kuna iya dafa babban kunne ko yin babban nama cike da kayan ƙwari ko abin yanka.
Ba'a ba da shawarar a soya char ba, saboda yawan abubuwan caloric da ke ƙaruwa, ana rage kaddarorin masu amfani da ɗanɗano.
Kuna iya ba da caji, amma kawai idan kun tabbatar da ƙimar samfurin, kuma cewa ba a kamuwa da cututtukan fata ba! Tunda ba duk kwayoyin halitta suna mutuwa yayin sallar ba, yin amfani da irin wannan naman zai iya haifar da mummunan sakamako.
Loach kifi: cutar da contraindications
Duk da yawan dalilai masu kyau, zai fi kyau a ƙi yin amfani da wannan kifayen lokacin da:
- Kowane rashin haƙuri da rashin lafiyan dauki (redness ko fitsari a jiki). Idan baku da tabbas game da ƙimar kariyar, to, ƙin yin amfani da irin wannan samfurin don kar cin guba abinci. Iyalin salmon suna cikin matsayi na biyu don kamuwa da nama tare da kamuwa da cuta (tefworms da roundworms). Wannan ya shafi kawai kifayen da aka kama cikin ruwan daji. Nama da cutar da ke ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta ya ƙunshi ƙananan larvae tare da hatsi shinkafa, wanda, shiga jikin mutum, ya zama cikin mutum mai balaga.
Lura! Haramun ne a yi amfani da irin wannan samfurin a cikin tsararren tsari! Larvae mutu a lokacin jiyya zafi a cikin minti 15-20 bayan tafasa.
Bidiyo: "Ku rayu lafiya" da Elena Malysheva. Char char - fa'idodi, yadda ake zaba, yadda ake adanawa, yadda ake dafawa
Bayanin Kimiyya na Jiki
Masana kimiyya sun bambanta nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan 35 na waɗannan wakilan. Sun bambanta a ilimin halittar jiki da na waje.
Bayanin kifin char ya haɗa da:
Bayani da salon rayuwar loach
Mazaunin mazauni yana da faɗi kuma ya dogara da takamaiman tallafin. Varietiesananan nau'ikansa waɗanda suka kai 1.5 kilogiram suna zaune a cikin manyan manyan koguna masu sanyi har ma da rafuffukan dutse. Manyan wakilai na nau'in nauyin kilogram 5 suna zaune ne a gabar tekun Pacific daga gabar Amurka zuwa arewacin Eurasia da kuma Arctic Circle. Amma nesa da wurare masu rauni (bakin kogi) ba sa tafiya. Ana samun kogunan ruwa a cikin ruwa mai tsarkak ;wa, don tsallakewa, akasin haka, suna tafiya teku.
A Rasha, ana samun su a cikin yankunan Kola Peninsula, yankin Trans-Ural, a cikin ginin Lake Baikal. Cha yana da rarar kuɗi masu yawa. Kawai a cikin yankunan Magadan da Kamchatka akwai nau'ikan 10 nan da nan, waɗanda suka sha bamban da girma da launi.
Jikin wannan nau'in kifin yana da elongated, launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, tare da ƙananan aibobi da manyan ƙoshin, suna kama da Silinda a siffar. Shugaban matsakaici, ya daidaita a saman, tare da haɓaka lebe. Ta hanyar bushewar jiki, jiki yakan canza launi ya zama duhu.
Lura!
- m Sikeli. A matsakaici, sama da kifayen 200 suka ƙidaya jikin jikin kifin. flakes wanda ya fara daga kai zuwa wutsiya,
- jiki yana da laushi a sifa irin na torpedo,
- manyan-manya-manyan idanu masu kauri,
- insaƙƙarfan ƙuƙwalwa suna da tsari mai yawa tare da yadudduka mai. A waje suke suna ɗaukar girma da ƙarfi,
- launuka masu haske da ruwan hoda, launin ruwan kasa duhu da rawaya sun watsu ko'ina cikin jiki,
- Girman daga kai zuwa wutsiya ya kai cm 65. Mata sun fi maza yawa,
- nauyin da ya girma ya kai daga kilogiram 1 zuwa 3,
- mutane daban-daban marine. Matsakaicin matsakaici ya kai kilogiram 15. Tsawon daga kai zuwa wutsiya daga 70 zuwa 100 cm.
Ina ne kifin na char ke zaune? Representativesanan wakilan wannan nau'in sun zama ruwan dare a wuraren tsaunuka. Suna zaune a cikin koguna. A lokacin shakatawa, sai ta fara tafiya tare da kewayen teku.
Rayuwa
Ina aka samo kifayen char? Wadannan wakilan dangin salmon sun zama ruwan dare a latitude arewa. Ana samun su a cikin tsaunukan Ural Range da kuma Caucasus na Arewa. Sun fi son ruwan sanyi da tabkuna masu zurfi.
A hukumance, waɗannan mutane ana ɗaukar nau'ikan arctic.Ka zauna a cikin kogin da rafin da ke ƙarƙashin kogi. Kifin yana haifar da yanayin rayuwa.Ya ci ƙananan wakilai na masarautar ruwa.
A cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, tana jagorantar rayuwa mai aiki da ƙaura. A farkon kaka, yana ɗaukar babban adadin qwai, wanda daga baya ya zama garken soya.
Bayan mako biyu, ana haihuwar sababbin mutane. Watan farko 6 na farko sun ɓoye a cikin wani m ƙasa daga kowane nau'i na masu farauta.
Abincin kifi
Me abin da cajin ke ci? Wannan nau'in kifin salmon yana haifar da ƙaura abinci. A cikin hunturu, sukan tafi zuwa ga wuraren tekuna da tekun. Plankton, matasa da algae masu taushi suna cikin abincin waɗannan mutane.Karyar tana amfani da ƙananan nau'in kwalliya, gerbil da navaga a cikin abincin. Irin wannan abincin yana cika jiki da ƙarfi, wanda ya basu damar jagorantar rayuwa mai aiki.
Matasa girma na rayayye suna cin crustaceans da mollusks. Wannan menu yana lalata garkuwar jiki kuma yana tsawaita rayuwar sallar Arctic.Karancin rayuwa yana daga shekaru 3 zuwa 12. Mutane da yawa sun sami nauyi har zuwa kilogiram 50.
Kifi daga shekara 5 ya fi so ya jagoranci salon rayuwa ɗaya. Suna zama a cikin tabkuna masu zurfi kuma sun gwammace su jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa. Da wuya su yi tafiya cikin ƙananan ƙaura. A ƙarshen kaka, makarantun kifin suna shiga cikin mashigar teku don samun nauyi da ƙarfin tsoka.
Wasu mutane sun fi so su zauna a cikin sararin samaniya na shekaru 3. Bayan haka, sukan tafi zuwa bakin kogin dutse. Bayan sun jefa kwai, sai su koma cikin rafin teku.
Masana kimiyya suna haskaka ribobi da dabarun char. Fa'idodin sun hada da:
- cikakken polyacids,
- babban wadatar bitamin
- nama mai daɗi.
Habitat
Kwanan nan ana rarraba caji a yankuna da yawa. Wadannan sun hada da:
- Basin Pacific da Tekun Atlantika,
- Arctic Circle
- jihar Greenland, Alaska,
- shiryayye daga Barents,
- game da. Sakhalin, Kamchatka,
- Lake Baikal,
- Tekun Okhotsk, Kara da Japan.
Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa kwanan nan, kifi sun koma arewacin latitude. Sun bayyana a cikin ruwa na Arctic Ocean. A cikin hoto na kifin char, an wakilci mazaunan ruwa.
Siffofi da mazauninsu
Yawancin masunta suna mamaki: "Ina ne kifin na char ke zaune?? ”, Kuma galibi ana samun amsuwa mai gamsarwa. Bayan haka, mazaunin wannan iyali yana da faɗi sosai. Wasu nau'ikan sun sami mafaka a cikin tabkuna, wasu na iya yin ƙaura zuwa ruwan teku, inda suke neman abinci. Formsanan nau'ikan kifaye suna zaune a cikin koguna da manyan koguna.
Akwai masoya na rayuwar teku. Ana yin amfani da caja sosai da ruwan sanyi, saboda cajin asalin duk nau'in wannan nau'in ana ɗaukar shi azaman charctic Arctic, wanda zai iya rayuwa a cikin dusar kankara a ƙasan tafkunan Arctic.
Akwai wurare da yawa sanannun wurare a Rasha, Inda kifi na zaune:
- Yammacin Siberiya,
- Kola Peninsula,
- a tafkin Baikal,
- Tekun Pacific,
- Yankin Trans-Ural.
Hakanan ana samun kifi a cikin kasashen Turai, musamman ma na arewaci, amma yawancin lokuta mazauninsa yana ƙaddara asara, kowane ɗayan yana da takamaiman yanayin ruwa.
Farashin kifin chara ya dogara ne da talala, wanda zai iya bambanta akan nauyi, tsayinsa da kaddarorin kayan mutum. Don haka, shahararrun sune:
- Arctic char: Tsohuwar nau'in kifi da aka samo a cikin ruwa na Arctic Circle. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, wannan babban kifi ne mai tsada sosai, mai nauyin kilogram 16.
- Lake lake: yana zaune a Tsakiyar Turai, a cikin tabkuna, daga inda bai ƙaura zuwa ƙarshen rayuwarsa. Wannan ƙananan kifayen suna da nau'i da yawa waɗanda zasu iya wanzu a cikin tafkin ɗaya kuma sun bambanta a cikin girman da abinci mai gina jiki.
- Brook char: zaune a cikin manyan rafuffukan dutse a Turai, Caucasus da Amurka. Sau da yawa ana rikita shi da kifin ruwa, wanda a hankali ya taro mutane daga cikin koguna. Waɗannan mutane masu tsayi ne waɗanda ba su da babban farashi a kasuwa.
- Tiger char: zaune galibi a cikin koguna. Ya bayyana ne sakamakon gadarwar char da trout, amma da yawa daga masana kimiyya suna danganta wannan nau'in da char.
- Pacific char: sanannu ne a cikin Bahar Rum, suna da yawa kuma galibi suna kama da na arctic char, sai dai don wasu bambance-bambancen launi. Wani suna don wannan nau'in shine Kamchatka kifin chaja.
- Kaya Yanar: wanda aka samo a cikin koguna na Far East, kuma a cikin wani tafki guda a arewacin Chukotka.
- Arewacin Amurka char: mafi girma daga danginsa, ba a samu a cikin Ruwan Rasha ba, amma galibi suna rayuwa ne a cikin tabkuna da manyan koguna na Alaska da Kanada.
Duk da cewa wannan nau'in kifin salmon yana da ikon rayuwa a cikin teku, har ma da teku, kira marine char, ba za ku iya ba. Charaukar da ke wucewa ba ta yi nisa zuwa cikin bahar ba, amma tana zama a cikin sararin estuarine daga kogin da ta yi ƙaura zuwa ruwan gishiri.
Halin Char da halin rayuwa
A faɗi wane nau'in kifin chara ke da wuya ta yanayi. Hakan yana faruwa mai wucewa, kuma yana ciyar da wani ɓangaren rayuwarsa a cikin ruwan gishiri na tekuna da tekuna, kuma wani ɓangare a cikin koguna da tabkuna. Sun yi ƙaura don tsallakewa.
Ruwan kogunan ruwa sun zama ruwan dare gama gari, kullun suna zaune a cikin tabkuna, koguna har ma da tafkuna. Akwai kuma rafin kogin akwatin akwatin. Ba su da saurin zama a abinci da cikin muhalli, suna iya har ma da ƙauna, yana cikin ruwan sanyi. Sun yi haƙuri da hunturu sosai. Loach ya zaɓi ya zauna shi kaɗai, kuma da wuya ka sadu da shi a fakitin.
Sake buguwa da tsawon rai
Char spawning yakan faru ne a cikin lokacin bazara, suna tsalle daga Afrilu zuwa Mayu, wani lokacin Yuni. AF, char kifi roe manyan dabbobi sun sami yabo sosai a cikin kamun kifin kasuwanci kuma suna kashe kyawawan kuɗaɗe a kasuwar kifin. Kifin ruwan kifi mai tsami don tsalle-tsalle ya zaɓi ƙananan wuraren rami, wani lokacin kuma rafuffuka, rami, don samar da tayi da ruwa mai gudu da iska.
Kwalayen kifaye a yayin da suke fita daga teku suna kuma sanya ƙwai cikin ruwa mai kyau, wani lokacin a yashi, wani lokacin akan tsire-tsire na ruwa. Rawan ya kai ga balaga tun yana da shekaru 3-4, kuma jimlar kifin yana rayuwa kimanin shekaru 7. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da yanayin kiɗa na wannan kifi shine cewa maza da mata sun fara canza launi don jawo hankalin abokin tarayya. Gogaggun ƙwayoyin cuta da kangararru suna bayyana akan sikirinsu mai santsi.
Kayayyakin karafa
Mutane da yawa suna da sha'awar siyan char, saboda tana da dandano na musamman, da ɗan araha mafi arha da ɗimbin abubuwa masu amfani.
Yayi kyau ga abincin abinci idan aka dafa ko dafa shi. Daga char, ana samun abinci mai daɗi da yawa, alal misali, steaks, kunne, stew. An dafa shi da sauri, amma ya zama mai laushi da taushi. Musamman shahara da ƙauna a Rasha salted char.
Tashar ruwa ko yawo
Wannan shi ne mafi girma wakilin masu sahun ruwa, ya na iya isa nauyi har fam daya (Kilogiram 16) da tsawonsa har zuwa casa'in santimita. Fatar jikinta tana da azurfa, gabobinta kamar baƙi ne, kuma bayanta yayi duhu da laushi mai ƙyalƙyali. A cikin Rasha, ana samun shi a cikin dukkanin yankuna na arewacin:
- a cikin koguna na tsibirin na Arctic Ocean - Novaya Zemlya da Svalbard,
- a bakin tafkin Kola Peninsula da Baikal Basin,
- a bakin Tekun Siberiya da manyan kogunan - Ob da Yenisei,
- a gabashin gabashin tekun na tekun Pasifik, koguna da tabkuna na gabar ruwan Kamchatka.
Lokacin canzawa daga ruwan teku mai gishiri zuwa ruwan tsarkakakkun koguna, wasu canje-canje suna faruwa a jikin kifin: launin fatar jikinsa yana canzawa - baya yana ɗaukar launin ruwan kasa-kore, launin ja da yawa yana toshe bangarorin silvery, naman kuma yana ja. Da ikon spawn ya zo yana da shekaru biyar, to, da maƙiyi fara spawn. Lokacin hutu shine kaka har zuwa farkon hunturu. Matasa suna rayuwa a cikin koguna da tabkuna har zuwa shekara biyu, sannan kuma su zame cikin ruwan teku mai gishiri, zuwa wuraren bakin kogin.
Kamar kowane mai cin ruwa a cikin ruwa, kifin jan cha yana cin ƙananan kifayen da duk abin da ke motsawa cikin ruwa: larvae da tsutsotsi, crustaceans da mollusks ba su manta da caviar salmon ba, wanda ke haifar da babbar illa ga yawan kifayen ja. A kan tabkuna, ƙoshin mai da kayan masarufi suna cikin abincin, kuma maƙiyin ba ya ƙaddamar da kundin ko ƙaramin juji a cikin teku.
Gallery: Far Eastern char (25 Photos)
Sadarwar caji
Unguwar Kogi Ba kamar ɗan'uwan ɗan'uwan sa na marine loach, lacustrine yana jagorantar rayuwar yau da kullun ba kuma ba ta barin tafki. Yana zaune, a matsayin mai mulkin, a zurfin sama da mita 40 kuma baya son haske, yana jan hankalin koguna da matsuguni a ƙarƙashin tsoffin bishiyoyin da ambaliyar ta cika. Kifi ya fi son ruwan sanyi wanda aka wadata shi da oxygen kuma ya zama ruwan dare a tsaunuka masu zurfi da kuma tafkuna na teku.
Girman dabbar bakin kogi ba shi da ban sha'awa kamar na abokin aikinta, amma har ya kai shekara shida, zai iya girma zuwa 40 santimita tsayi. Banda shi ne takwarorinsu na dwarf, wadanda ba kasafai suke wuce santimita 20 ba.
A cikin bayyanar, yana kama da rafin lake da kuma dangi na kogi. Yana da jikin siriri na mai farauta da masu canza launi zuwa launi na muhallinsa:
- duhu baya
- bangarorin suna launin toka-shuɗi tare da hasken rawaya mai haske,
- da bakin lebe masu ruwan hoda da fararen fata.
A cikin Turai, char na kandami na Geneva, yana da nau'i na musamman, an sake saita shi a cikin wasu tafkuna inda ba a da.
Kogin char tana da kama da rafin kogin - kamar ta trout, ƙashin kanta yana da iyakokin baki da fari da fitilar haske akan bakin duhu.
Kogin da aka yi amfani da shi ya kasance a arewacin Amurka a Kamchatka, amma a yau ma ana iya kama shi a cikin ƙananan kogunan Turai, inda yawancin adadi suke zaune. A lokaci guda, saboda zafin sa, char yana fitar da kifi a cikin mazauninsa.
Mafarautan kogin sun gwammace su zauna shi kaɗai a cikin yanki na tafki mai tsabta tare da yashi da ƙanƙara mai tushe da sauri mai gudana. Da rana, ba ya aiki, binne shi a cikin yashi ko laka, yana ɓoyewa tsakanin algae, yana tsaye a cikin rapids da tsakanin duwatsu. Da dare, yakan yi farauta ya sami nasa abincin, yana ta motsawa a kan duwatsu da kuma ruɗu na ambaliya.
A lokacin rani, lokacin da ruwa ya yi dumu-dumu, cajar tana cikin damuwa kuma ta matsa kusa da kusa da inda take da kanta ta zama ganima ga masu farauta.
Abincin tsohuwar kifaye ya ƙunshi ƙudayayyun kwari, ƙwayaye da tsutsotsi. Qwai ya cinye ba kawai ta wasu kifi ba, har ma da nasu. Wani lokacin ma algae ake cinyewa. Da ikon spawn ya zo a cikin shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa, char spawns a cikin bazara (Afrilu, Mayu) - spawns a kan algae, yashi ko tsakuwa. Oneaya mace tana saka ƙwai 6,000. Lokacin da tadpoles ya fito daga qwai, ana ɗaukar su ta hanya zuwa ga ruwa mara ruwa, inda suke fara rayuwarsu ta hanyar cin ƙwayayen da ke rayuwa a cikin yashi. Don wani lokaci sukan riƙe garken, kuma suna girma - sun zama saniyar ware.
Kama loach
Kamar kowane kifi na asali, char zubewa akan mai siyarwaya kama ƙoƙar da himma, gaba ɗaya ba tare da wata shakka ba. Kuma kuma yana da kyau shi kama da kuma iyo sandar kamun kifi - koto na iya zama wani abu: naman kifi ko tsutsa, beetles da caviar na char ko kifi. Lokaci na bingirewa - daga bazara zuwa ƙarshen kaka a cikin ruwan bude, a cikin hunturu, yin kamun kankara. Da lokacin rana - yana faɗuwar rana da yamma, lokacin faɗuwar rana. A cikin hunturu, dole ne a neme shi a cikin ramuka, a cikin zurfin wuraren da ya farauta don larvae.
An zaɓi ma'anar kamun caji daidai daidai kamar yadda na kamun kifi na yau da kullun - yana mai da hankali kan yanayin kandami da nauyin kifin. An tabbatar da wurin da wannan magabacin kawai ta hanyar tuna alƙawarinsa na yin azumi da tsabta ruwa da zurfi, idan ruwan yana tsaye. Amma game da hanyar kamun kifi, babu wani abin da za a zaɓa anan: dukkansu suna daidai da kyau kuma suna da ban sha'awa - duka biyun bazara tare da mashin kifi ko iyo iyo, kamun kifin hunturu tare da sandar kamun kifi.
Char Recipes
Loach - kifi wanda ba shi da sikeli, mai amfani sosai, wanda shine ƙwararrun masanan dafuwa ke da shi sosai. Tana da dandano na musamman, naman wannan kifi yana kawo fa'ida ga jikin ɗan adam, wannan:
- ma'adanai - potassium da alli, jan ƙarfe da baƙin ƙarfe, sodium da magnesium,
- bitamin na ƙungiyoyi daban-daban,
- hana thrombosis da ciwon zuciya mai kitse (ciki har da omega-3).
Chains suna ba da cajin sikeli na yau da kullun, mai nauyin gram 900, wanda yayi kyau don dafa aƙalla mutane biyu, aƙalla na manyan iyali. Irin wannan kifin na iya dacewa da kusan kowane kayan girki. An ba da biyu daga yawancin girke-girke.
Gasa char - gasa a cikin tanda. Wannan girke-girke ne don tasa mai daɗin ci, da kuma shiri mai laushi (daga ra'ayi game da abinci mai gina jiki, yana da fa'ida). Nauyin:
- tara da ɗari grams na kifi
- albasa daya da rabin lemun tsami,
- gishiri da kayan yaji zaɓi daga.
Gut kifi, cire ƙusoshin da kai. Gishiri, kayan yaji ma ƙara nan da nan. Yanke lemun tsami da albasa zuwa manyan yanka - saka kashi na uku na ƙara a cikin kifin. Yayi babban tsare kuma sanya kifin a kai, tun da farko an dage da rufe shi da albasa da lemun tsami yanka, saman.
Gasa na rabin sa'a a zazzabi na digiri 200. Sai dai itace dadi da lafiya kifi. Yana da kyau a dafa dankalin matasa a kwano.
Soyayyen caji - girke-girke mai sauƙin amfani kuma mai amfani don dafa abinci, ɗanɗano yana da kyau. Ya isa a matse kifin a wanke shi. Sannan a hada da gishiri, a ƙara kayan ƙanshi da marinade, a bar na uku na awa ɗaya domin kifin ya sha dukkan sinadaran. Toya a cikin kayan lambu, pre-yi a gari. Duk wani kayan lambu na iya zama abinci gefen. A kan tebur, soyayyen char Bikin ado da lemun tsami yanka da ganye.
Sauran jita-jita na char - Waɗannan su ne pies cushe tare da kodadde launin ruwan hoda char. Amma kayan masarufi na musamman sune char char-sm sm and salted, ba laifi bane face shan ruwan kifi mai ruwan sha.
Kamchatka char
Manyan kifin kasuwanci masu nauyin kilogram 10 zuwa 10. Tana zaune a bakin Tekun Okhotsk da Bering Sea. Ya bambanta da nau'in Arctic a cikin aman adana kaɗan na gill stamens. Launi mai duhu ne, bangarorin sun yi launin ruwan kasa, kawai azarin ciki na azurfa ya ɗan haske. A ko'ina cikin jiki, kamar sauran nau'ikan caji, bayyananun haske.
Kamchatka char yana ciyar da masarautar matasa. Yayin ciyarwa, yana tafiya kusa da bakin tekun don neman hannun jari, ƙanƙan da kai, da kuma gobies. Ana nufin nau'ikan ƙaura daga Yuni zuwa Satumba a cikin koguna da tabkuna. Har zuwa wannan lokacin, ana ajiye shi kusa da kusa ko kusa da bakin teku.
Boganid loach
Masana kimiyyar Siberian sun kira shi mafi yawan amfani da kifi na yanzu tare da matsataccen abun ciki na omega-3 acid. The Boganid loach suna zaune a Arctic, yankin Bashan, lago Lama, Keta, Glubokoe, Kapchuk, Sobachye. A cikin koguna suna bayyana a lokacin tsegumi a watan Agusta-Satumba. Koyaya, adadin wannan tallafin yayi ƙasa kaɗan, kuma ana iya haduwa da shi sau da yawa.
Jikin Boganid loach yana da yawa. Babban muƙamuƙi babba yana da kama da sikila. Karatun Kausar tare da manyan daraja. Kusan kusan fari fari, kuma jikin sa duhu, launin toka. A lokacin hura fata, bangarorin da kan su duhu suyi launin toka-baki. A cikin maza, har ma da muƙamuƙi suka canza - fashewa ta bayyana a kai.
Char
Wani suna don kifayen da ke jagorantar rayuwar rayuwa a cikin ƙananan kogunan caji ne. Ya kasance na dangi na tsarin baloritorium na cyprinids. A cikin Little Rasha, ana kiranta Avdyushka. Hakanan zaka iya kama mutum mai raɗaɗin a cikin tafkuna, Wuraren ko ƙananan rafuka tare da saurin sauri da ƙasa mai yashi. Tana jiran lokacin hunturu, an binne ta cikin ƙasa mai laima.
Kwakwalwar mustachioed da kyar ta kai girman manya da tsawo fiye da cm 18 Siffar halayyar ita ce eriya sau uku. Nau'i biyu suna nan daga bakin hancin, na uku kuma yana a sasann bakin. Shugaban wannan kifin yana dan matsa kaɗan. Jiki yana rawaya mai launin zinare tare da aibobi masu tsari Guda iri ɗaya suna ƙawata ƙyallen. Babban abincin avdushka shine tsirrai, dabbobin ruwa na ruwa da ƙananan larvae kwari.
Yin kamun kifi da mai son loach
Ana aiwatar da kamun kifin a cikin irin wannan kifin a cikin yankin Czech Bay, Novaya Zemlya, a bankunan Kogin Kara. Hakanan ana haƙa shi a ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan Lena, Yenisei da Ob. Ana aiwatar da kamun kifi ta hanyar saka ko simintin jefa abubuwa, haka kuma ta na'urori na musamman - “fences”. Su ne picket fences tare da tashin hankali tsakanin grids.
Ana shirin cigaba da kamun kifi da kiwo na wannan kifaye masu tsada da lafiya. Yankin da ya fi dacewa da waɗannan dalilai shine Kola Peninsula.
Masunta masu son Amateur suna amfani da masu zagi da masu sihiri don samun caji. A lokacin rani, a watan Yuni da Yuli, ana gudanar da kamun kifi ta amfani da kayan da ake amfani da su na yau da kullun. A cikin watanni masu zafi, ana amfani da kamun kifi.
Loach da sauri a kan baits daga maggots ko yankakken kifi. Kuna iya amfani da dafaffen ƙwayoyin salmon ko kuma ƙwai masu launin launin toka.
Char kamun kifi a cikin hunturu
Mafi kyawun lokacin kamun kifi shine Disamba da Maris. Ba shi da ma'amala don neman loach a kan rapids a kogi juya a wannan lokacin. Anan aka ajiye shi cikin zafi. A cikin hunturu, char yana motsawa har ya kai ga gaci. Tsarin Lake ya fi son zurfin - rami da wuraren waha.
Spinning yi amfani da madaidaiciya, mai nauyi, mai kan gado ba tare da kauri sosai ba, har zuwa 0.12 mm igiyar tagar. Spoons sun fi dacewa don ɗaukar oscillating ko juyawa, siffar oblong. Launi shine matt na azurfa ko rawaya. Don rage fitar kifaye, an maye gurbin tef tare da ƙugiya biyu. An kara fadada shi da kwana 90 °.
Char a dafa abinci
Char kifi ne mai daɗin ci kuma mai gina jiki. Tana da launi mai launin ja-orange mai kyau, dandano mai daɗi da ƙamshi mai haske. Ya yi kama da kifin don dandanawa. Fat a char a cikin matsakaici, ƙasa kaɗan da na kima.
Energyimar kuzarin 100 g na irin wannan naman shine kawai 135 kcal.
Manyan ma'adanai masu mahimmanci da ke cikin char sune alli da phosphorus, wadanda ke da alhakin gina tsarin kwarangwal din dan adam. Haka kuma, an gabatar dasu a cikin tsari mai sauki. Akwai magnesium da yawa a cikin naman sa, wanda ke da alhakin kariyar salula.
Har ila yau mahimmanci shine karuwar abun da ke cikin omega mai, yawan cin abinci na yau da kullun wanda ke ƙara kariyar garkuwar jiki, da kuma kasancewar bitamin E, wanda ake ɗauka shine ainihin bitamin na matasa. Tare da taka tsantsan, char yakamata a cinye kawai, watakila, ta hanyar masu matsalar rashin lafiyan ƙwayar cuta - wasu mutane na iya fuskantar rashin jituwa ga kayayyakin da aka yi daga nau'in nau'in kifi. Tunda yana da isasshen kitse, ya fi kyau ga yara su shiga ciki cikin abinci masu farawa daga shekara 3.
Wain yin gasa
Don kiyaye naman mai taushi da m, ya fi kyau a dafa shi a tsare ko a hannun riga. Kayan ɗanɗano daɗin ɗanɗano na kifi ya fi kyau kada nutsar da su. Ya isa gishiri, dan kadan yayyafa kifin tare da ruwan lemun tsami, ƙara barkono baki da tsunkule na ganye na Provence.
Yana ɗaukar mintina 25 don dafa cajin da aka gasa a cikin tanda. Masu son Crisp na iya dafa ɗan lokaci kaɗan.
Sanya kunne
Daga trout (wanda galibi ana kiransa char don dandano mai ƙanshi), ana shirya miyan kifi sau da yawa. Don yin wannan, ana zubar da kifi mai tsabta tare da ruwan sanyi, inda ake ƙara ɗan barkono da ganyayyaki bay. Bayan tafasa, ana dafa caja na minti 10-12. Dole ne a cire naman daga cikin broth a sanya shi a ciki.
Miyar da aka tace ta gauze an sake kawo tafasa, an kara dankali da albasa a ciki. Lokacin da kayan marmari suka yi laushi, ana jefa kunnuwan caja cikin faranti, yana ƙara naman da aka share na ƙasusuwa a gare su.
Yadda ake tsami char a gida
Don salting, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da manyan gawawwakin - naman su ya fi ƙanshi da taushi. Kimanin kilo biyu na caji zai buƙaci 2 tbsp. tablespoons na gishiri. Kar a manta da a kara kadan (tablespoon) na sukari - dandano naman ta daga wannan zai inganta kawai.
Kafin sallar caji a gida, zai fi kyau kada a cire fatar - an cire shi bayan sallar. Yayyafa kifin da aka yanka a kowane bangare tare da cakuda gishiri da sukari, kunsa shi a cikin fim ɗin cling kuma sanya a cikin firiji. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, kifi mai daɗin daɗi, mai ɗanɗano kamar kifi ko kifi, ya shirya.
Char caviar salting
Sallar wannan nau'in caviar ba ta bambanta da salting na caviar wani jan kifi. A cikin brine pre-mai zafi zuwa tafasa (cakuda ruwa da gishiri), an rage caviar na 20-30 seconds. Ba a cire fim din daga ciki ba. Qwai zai tafi da shi a hankali bayan ya dumama cikin ruwan zafi.
Yakamata sallar yakamata tayi karfi. A kan gilashin ruwa kana buƙatar ɗaukar 2 tbsp. tablespoons na gishiri. An kara sukari a cikin brine kadan kadan - 2 tsp.
A cikin caviar peeled daga fim, an ƙara ɗan man kayan lambu a saka a cikin firiji don awa 4-6. Bayan wannan lokacin, zai kasance a shirye don amfani.
Parasites a cikin caji
Kamar yadda yake a cikin wasu nau'in kifayen, yawancin parasites da ke ciki basu da haɗari ga ɗan adam. Haramun ne a ci kawai ba a sarrafa shi sosai (ba a sarrafa shi ko ba a sanya shi ba) jan kifi da ke ɗauke da babban kifayen, trematode da anisakides.
Ya kamata a salwantar da kifin da aka goge a ciki akalla awanni 2. A wannan yanayin, helminths a ciki kawai zai mutu. Ana son gargaɗin masu son ƙaramar salted ɗan gishiri su fara sanya shi a cikin injin daskarewa. Kifi na daskarewa na makonni 2 a zazzabi--18 ° C ba shi da haɗari - a wannan lokacin duk parasites da ke ciki sun mutu. A -25 ° C suna mutuwa ko da sauri - bayan sa'o'i 72.
Bayanin da fasali
Mafi kyawun fasalin abin da ake amfani da shi na loach shine ƙananan sikeli, wanda kusan ba a gani ga ido tsirara. Yana da laushi da taushi, don haka yana ba da ra'ayi cewa kifin tsirara ne. Saboda haka sunan wakilin dangin salmon. Char a cikin hoto Yana da kyan gani da kyan gani, a bayyane yake cewa kifayen sun yi fice, sabili da haka ba kawai kyakkyawa ba ne, amma yana da amfani.
Wani fasali na musamman wanda ke bambanta caji daga wasu nau'in kifayen ja shine adadi mafi ƙarancin duhun duhu akan jikin, ko kuma rashi cikakkiyar rashi. Ya danganta da nau'in halittar, maiyyun ba shi da baki, amma fari, beige ko ɗigon ruwan hoda, wanda shine farkon abin da wannan nau'in kifin yake a gabanka.
Hakanan, halin char shine halinsa: yana kwance ko ƙaura. Theaurawar wasu nau'ikan ana kunnawa lokacin tsabtace yanayi. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa shine cewa wannan kifin ya fi son zaman kansa, da wuya ya samar da garken. Sauƙaƙe ƙarancin yanayin zafi na ruwa, chaja sau da yawa yakan canza mazaunin zama. A lokaci guda, naman mazaunin ruwa na ruwa yana canza launi.
Duk da jinsin halittu, ban da abubuwan da ke sama na wannan mahallin na ruwa mai ruwa, duk yanayin da yake dashi yana da halaye na yau da kullun:
- ana bin jikin mutum, mai kama da wuta, wanda ke bayar da gudummawa ga saurin motsi cikin ruwa,
- kai babba ne, idanun suna kafe, ana sama da su,
- soyayyar caudal fin,
- ƙananan muƙamuƙi suna da ƙarfi a cikin dangantaka da babba, bakin yana da girma,
- idan akwai aibobi, suna bazu ko'ina cikin jiki,
- babban launi na kwalliyar kwalliya ita ce hasken ciki, bangarorin azurfa da dawo da launin toka-shukakiya, a cikin ruwan ruwa, sashin da ke jikinsa yana samun fuskoki masu launin shuɗi wanda ke rufe mutum a ruwa mai gudu,
- girman cajar ya dogara da mazaunin mazaunin da nau'ikan ruwa: kowane mutum mai ruwa yana iya kaiwa tsawon mil 1 zuwa kuma yana nauyin kilogram 15-16, waɗanda ke da ruwa mai zurfi-ƙanana kaɗan - tare da tsawon su har zuwa 50 cm nauyin 1.5-2 kg. Manyan samfurori mafi yawa sune ruwa mai tsafta. Yawan mutum ɗaya zai iya kaiwa kilogram 30.
Sanya nama, muddin an dafa shi da kyau, ana rarrabasu azaman abincin abinci. Don yin kwanon ba kawai dadi ba ne, har ma da lafiya, wannan kifin dole ne a bi da shi da ya dace da zafin zafi.
Zai yuwu kada a lalata samfurin mahimmanci idan, yayin shirye-shiryen sa, ana amfani da dabarar yin burodi a cikin tsare ko tururi. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da ƙashi don yin miya kifi.
Gidajen char yana nuna cewa wakilin salmon ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin jinsin, wanda akwai adadi mai yawa. Daga cikin abubuwanda aka saba dasu sune:
1. Arctic. A cewar masana kimiyyar halittar, wannan shine mafi tsohuwar nau'in halitta wanda ya zama ruwan dare a yankuna na arewacin. Wannan nau'ikan yana cikin mafi tsada. Samfuran suna da girma, masu nauyin kilo 15-16, kuma sunada tsawo 90 cm .. Irin wannan mutumin an jera shi a cikin littafin littafi, saboda haka haramtaccen kamarsa ne.
2. Uku. Wani nau'in nau'in char, mai sassauci, wanda ba shi da haɗari ga ƙaura. Yana da yankuna da yawa waɗanda suka bambanta a cikin girman da abinci mai gina jiki. Matsakaicin tsayi na mutum shine cm 45. Rikodin rikodin da ke tattare da ikon tafkin ya kai kilo 30 tare da tsawon jikinsa na 150 cm.
3. Brook. Wannan nau'in chajin ya fi son girma da haɓaka a cikin manyan, koguna da kogunan tuddai. Yana girma a hankali, amma yawan sa yayi yawa har ya fara kazantar da kifayen daga jikin waɗannan ruwayen. Irin waɗannan nau'in kifayen suna da ƙyalli, wanda, a cewar wasu masana kimiyya, ya bayyana ne sakamakon ƙetara ɗan ɗumbin ruwa mai ruwa da tsiri.
4. Tekun Pacific (Kamchatka). Mutane daban-daban na wannan nau'in suna da manyan girma - akan matsakaita kilogiram 10, ana rarrabe su da nau'ikan arctic ta launi. An rarrabe jinsunan a matsayin ƙaura - a cikin lokacin ɓarna, Kamchatka char char yana fara ƙaura zuwa koguna da tafkuna.
5. Boganidsky. A cewar masana kimiyya daga Siberiya, an gano wannan nau'in nau'in char a matsayin ɗayan mafi amfani saboda yawan adadin acid ɗin omega a cikin naman sa. Lambar sa ƙanana ce, saboda haka yana da ɗanɗano haɗuwa da irin wannan kifin.
6. Mustachioed (avdyushka). Loach ya kasance bisa ga umarnin cyprinids, wanda aka samo a cikin ƙananan koguna, tafkuna da wuraren ajiye ruwa, inda akwai ƙasa mai yashi da kwarara na ruwa mai sauri. Fisharancin kifi da wuya ya kai 20 cm a tsayi. Wani mahimmin fasalin nau'in halittar shine kasancewar eriyoyi uku. Kafin hunturu, avdyushka ta binne kanta a cikin yashi mai tushe na ƙasan, don haka ba shi da ma'ana idan ta kama ta a wannan lokacin.
Baya ga abubuwan da muka ambata, akwai kuma caja mai kafafuwa, beak, davatchan, malma, da sauransu Duk da cewa wasu mutane na yin yawancin rayuwarsu a cikin ruwan gishiri, wannan kifin ba za a iya kira shi da shi ba. Dalilin wannan shine gaskiyar cewa ba a rarraba mazaunin ruwa mai nisa zuwa cikin teku ba, amma a duk kasancewar sa, ya fi son kasancewa a bayan kogin da ya ƙaura.