Fauna na yankin Afirka ya shahara saboda ire-irenta, kawai sa hannun mutane shine yake haifar da canji a cikin yanayin ƙasa da rage adadin jama'a. Haka kuma, farauta da masu farautar namun daji sun sa mutane da yawa cikin hadarin. Don kiyaye faɗin fauna a cikin Afirka, an ƙirƙiri manyan wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa da na dabi'a. Yawan su a duniya shine mafi girma a nan. Manyan manyan wuraren shakatawa na kasashen Afirka sune Serengeti, Ngorongoro, Masai Mara, Amboseli, Etosha, Chobe, Nechisar da sauransu.

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Ya danganta da yanayin da yanayin canjin yanayin a babban yankin, yankuna daban-daban na halitta sun kirkiro: hamada da jeji, savannas, daji, gandun daji na Equatorial. Mafarauta da manyan dabbobi, dabbobi, da tsuntsaye, da macizai, da macizai, kwari suna rayuwa a sassa daban-daban na nahiyar, kuma ana samun karnukan kifi da kifaye a cikin koguna. Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan birai suna zaune a nan.

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Dabbobin da ke hana ruwa

Babban mashahuri kuma mai haɗarin masarautar mulkin dabbobi ta Afirka shine zaki. A arewaci da kuma kudu na Afirka, zakuna sun lalace, saboda haka adadi mafi yawan waɗannan dabbobi suna zaune ne kawai a Afirka ta Tsakiya. Suna zaune a cikin savannah, kusa da jikkunan ruwa ba kawai daban-daban ko a cikin nau'i-nau'i ba, har ma a cikin rukuni - prides (1 namiji da kusan mace 8).

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Zakin Afirka

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An samo nau'ikan rhinoceros biyu a Afirka - baƙi da fari. A gare su, wurin zama mai kyau shine savannahs, amma ana iya samunsu a cikin gandun daji masu sauƙi ko kuma tsintsiya. Yawan jama'arsu suna cikin manyan filaye na ƙasa.

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Farar fata

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Bakar fata

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Daga cikin manyan dabbobi a cikin savannahs ko gandun daji ana iya samun giwayen Afirka. Suna zaune a cikin garken dabbobi, suna da shugaba, suna abokantaka da juna, suna kishin matasa. Zasu iya sanin junan su sannan su kasance tare a koda yaushe yayin hijira. Ana iya ganin garken giwayen a cikin wuraren shakatawa na Afirka.

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Iyalin giwayen Afirka

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Ko'ina in banda hamadar Sahara, damisa ke zama. Ana samunsu a cikin gandun daji da savannahs, a bakin bankunan koguna, a kan tsaunukan tuddai da kwari. Wannan wakilin dangin cat yana da farauta mai kyau, duka a ƙasa da kan bishiyoyi. Koyaya, mutane da kansu suna farauta da damisa, wanda hakan ke haifar da babbar halaka.

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Dabbobin da ba a sani ba na Afirka

Akwai dabbobi da yawa da ba a saba ganinsu ba a Afirka. Daga cikin su ana iya kiranta lemurs - birai-mai dimbin yawa-biri birrai. Suna zaune a Madagascar da wasu tsibiran da ke kusa da shi.

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Lemun tsami

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M ga nahiyar shine okapi, wani memba ne na dan adam giraffe. Suna zaune a Kwarin Kongo kuma a yau dabbobi ne masu karancin karatu.

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Okapi a cikin daji

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Daya daga cikin fitattun wakilan fauna na Afirka shine mai rahusa, mafi girman dabbobi masu shayarwa. Rawayoyi daban-daban suna da launi iri ɗaya, don haka babu dabbobi iri ɗaya. Kuna iya haɗuwa da su a cikin gandun daji da savannahs, kuma galibi suna zaune a cikin garkunan.

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Girasar Afirka

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Dabbobi masu sha’awa sune zebras, waɗanda suke da alaƙa da kiwoyin doki. Mutane da yawa sun kashe zebras, kuma yanzu suna zaune ne gabashi da kudanci na nahiyar. Ana samunsu cikin hamada, da a fili, da kuma cikin savannah.

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Zebras

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Daga cikin birai a Afirka suna rayuwa iri-iri: dabo, dabo, daskararre da gorilla. Suna zaune a kudanci da gabashin Afirka, kuma ana samun su a cikin gandun daji da filaye.

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Hoton wani baho

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Mazaunan koguna da tabkuna

Afirin Afirka shine ƙarancin kunkuru. Baya ga su, akwai dunƙule-baki da kukan igiyar ruwa a cikin Wuraren. Waɗannan atorsabiran ne masu haɗari waɗanda ke cin dabbobi a ruwa da kuma a cikin ƙasa. A cikin wuraren ramuka daban-daban na nahiyar suna zaune ne da dangin hijabi. Ana iya ganin su a wasu wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa daban-daban.

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Don haka, Afirka tana da dumbin daji. Anan zaka iya samun ƙananan ƙananan kwari, amphibians, tsuntsayen da beraye, da kuma manyan masu farauta. Yankunan yanki daban-daban suna da tarko na abinci, wanda ya ƙunshi waɗancan nau'in halittun da aka daidaita don rayuwa a cikin wasu yanayi. Idan wani ya kasance a Afirka, to lokacin da ya ziyarci gidajen ajiyar na gida da wuraren shakatawa da dama, za ku iya ganin adadi da yawa a cikin daji.

Baffa Afirka

A kan iyakar ƙasar, akwai irin nau'in buffalo guda ɗaya - ɗan tsuntsaye na Afirka. Waɗannan dabbobin suna da haɗari kaɗan ga mutane, saboda suna kashe mutane fiye da 200 kowace shekara. Ana daukar nau'in mafi girma a cikin bijimai masu rai. Yawan nauyin manya ya bambanta tsakanin kilogiram 700-1000, tsayin jikin mutum ya kasance daga 300 zuwa 340 cm. Tsawon tsinkayen daga yakai tsakanin 150 zuwa 180 cm ana bayyana dimorphism, maza sun fi girma fiye da mace. Dukkan maza da maza suna sanannu da manyan ƙaho da na ciki, amma a cikin mace sun fi gajeru kuma bakin ciki. Buffalos dabbobi ne masu iri iri kuma suna cin 2% na nauyin jiki a rana.

Dabbobin duniya na Afirka

Yanayin Afirka, wanda yake a cikin babban yanki mai haske kuma haskakawa da hasken rana yake bayarwa, yana da matukar fa'ida ga rayuwa a yankin sa da nau'ikan rayuwa iri-iri.

Abin da ya sa fauna na nahiyar ke da wadatar sosai, kuma game da dabbobi na Afirka akwai almara masu yawa da labaru masu ban mamaki. Kuma kawai ayyukan ɗan adam, wanda ba shi da tasiri mafi kyau ga canjin yanayin, yana ba da gudummawa ga lalata nau'i-nau'i na halittun halittu masu yawa da raguwar adadin alummarsu, yayin yin lahani ga yanayin.

Koyaya, don adana shi a cikin keɓantaccen nau'ikansa fauna na Afirka Kwanan nan, an samar da wuraren adana yanayi, wuraren tsabtace namun daji, wuraren shakatawa na al'adu da na kasa, wadanda galibi suke jan hankalin yawancin yawon bude ido tare da damar samun masaniyar sanannun faren duniyar da ke sanannu da zurfin bincike a duniya.

Masana kimiyya a duk faɗin duniya sun daɗe suna sha'awar ire-iren ire-iren ire-iren rayuwa, wanda shine taken binciken da yawa na kimiyya da cike da ƙwararrun abubuwa masu ban sha'awa. na rahotanni game da Dabbobin Afirka.

Farawa labarin game da fauna na wannan nahiya, ya kamata a lura cewa zafi da danshi a wannan yanki mai kusanci da masu raba wuta ana rarraba su ba dai-dai ba.

Wannan shine dalilin samuwar wasu bangarori na yanayin zafi. Tsakanin su:

• Dazuzzuka, dazuzzuka-mai arziki gandun daji,
• kurmin marar iyaka marar iyaka,
• sararin samaniya mai ɗorewa da dazuzzuka, suna mamaye kusan rabin yankin na ɗaukacin nahiyar.

Wadannan nau'ikan abubuwan halitta babu shakka suna barin alamominsu akan banbance-banbance da kebantattun halaye na yanayin nahiyar.

Kuma duk bangarorin da ke canjin yanayin da aka lissafa, har ma hamada da Semi-hamada mai zafi mara jin zafi, suna cike da cike da rayayyun halittu. Ga kadan daga cikin wakilan fauna na masu albarka, yankuna masu zafi, dabbobin daji na Afirka.

An zabi sarkin dabbobi a cikin manyan mahara na nahiyar. Kyakkyawan mazaunin da aka fi so da wannan dabbar da ke da ƙasa mai nauyi tare da sifa mara nauyi, wacce nauyin jikinta ya kai kilo 227, sune abubuwanda ke jawo hankalin waɗannan halittun da ke da fa'ida a sararin samaniya, tilas ga 'yancin motsi, kasancewar wuraren wuraren shayarwa da kuma manyan damar samun nasarar farauta.

Yawancin unguwannin unguwa suna zaune anan. Dabbobin Afirka - akai-akai wadanda wannan azabtarwar makiyaya suke. Amma ya kamata a san cewa saboda yawan kashe zaki a Afirka ta Kudu, Libya da Misira, irin waɗannan ƙaunar 'yanci na ƙawancen daji da masu iko da kansu sun zama waɗanda ke fama da son rai da rashin tausayi, kuma a yau ana samun su musamman a Afirka ta Tsakiya.

Savannah afrika

Savannah Rabb na Afirka ɗan dabba ne mai matsakaici, wanda ya girma cikin tsayi daga 41 zuwa 58 cm, tare da nauyin jikinsa ya kai kilogram 1.5-3. Kunnuwa suna da tsawo, baƙar fata a tukwici. Launin gashin kai da gangar jikinsa launin shuɗi ne, gefunan da yatsun hannu masu launin shuɗi-ja, ciki kuwa fari ne. Wutsiyar baƙar fata ce a sama da fari a ƙasa. Wannan nau'in yana rayuwa a cikin savannas katako a cikin Afirka. Zomo wata dabba ce ta kaɗaici wanda ke jagorantar rayuwa ta yau da kullun kuma yana ciyar da ciyawa.

Kurciya

Dabbobi masu shayarwa har zuwa tsawan mita daya da rabi, wanda ke mazaunin shukanta da dazuzzuka. A cikin bayyanar, waɗannan dabbobin suna kama da karnuka na disheveled.

Hyena yana cikin nau'in masu farauta, masu ciyar da abinci kuma yana jagorantar rayuwa mai amfani da dare. Launin dabba na iya zama ja ko launin rawaya mai duhu tare da aibobi ko ratsi-ratsi a gefuna.

Giwayen Afirka

Hauren giwayen Afirka dabi’ar dabbobi ne daga dangin giwayen, wanda a yau ake ɗaukarsu mafi girma dabbobi masu shayarwa. Akwai nau'i biyu: savannah da gandun daji. Savannah ya fi girma (kimanin kilogram 7500) kuma faren cinyoyin sa suna juyawa waje, yayin da dajin daya (nauyin kilogram 5000) yana da launi mai duhu, kuma firamnsa suna da ƙarfi kuma ana musu jagora zuwa ƙasa.

Giwaye za su iya rayuwa a kusan duk wurin zama wanda ke samar da abinci da ruwa mai yawa. Yawan jama'a sun watsu cikin Afirka gaba ɗaya daga kudanci Sahara zuwa ga ciyawar sauro na Tsakiyar da Yammacin Afirka.

Jackal

Wannan dangi ne na karnukan karnuka masu launin toka, wanda yake da kamarsu ta waje da su, amma ƙananan girma. Yankin yana zaune ne musamman a arewacin Afirka, ya yadu a yankuna masu yawa, kuma ba a fuskantar barazanar yawan jackal ta hanyar lalata. Ana cin abincin dabbobi, galibi ungulates, shima kwari da wasu fruitsa fruitsan itace suna cikin abinci.

Shahararren giwa na Afirka mazauninsa ne, duka yana shimfida tsawon kilomita da yawa, mai sanyi, kuma mai wadataccen ciyayi na gandun daji.

Tsawon waɗannan mahimmanci a cikin sharuddan tattalin arziki, duk an san su da yanayin zaman lafiya da girman su, dabbobi kusan mita 4.

Kuma yawan da jikinsu mai kwarjini ya kai kimanin dari bakwai ko fiye da haka. Abin mamaki, tare da hadaddun halittun, giwayen sun sami damar motsawa cikin dajin ciyayi mai kusan kusan a hankali.

Hoto na Afirka

Hipo

Afirka shine wurin haifuwar kawunan mutane da amarya. Hippos sune dabbobi masu shayarwa na duniya mafi girma na uku, bayan farin dabbobi. Hippopotamus yana da yatsun gidan yanar gizo guda huɗu, wanda zai baka damar rarraba nauyin dabbar a hankali har ya hau ƙasa.

Jiki yana da launin toka, mai kauri sosai, kusan fatar fata. Hippos ba su da gumi da gemun ciki, duk da haka, suna sakin ruwan jan da yake kare fata na dabba daga rana kuma, mai yiwuwa, wakili ne na warkarwa. Ana amfani da wutsiya mai laushi, kamar itace, don yada fitina, wacce ke nuna iyakokin ƙasa.

Farar fata

Mafi girma daga dabbobi bayan giwaye daga fauna da ke zaune a cikin ƙasashen Afirka. Yana da nauyin jiki kusan tan uku.

A taqaice dai magana, launin wannan dabba ba fari ba ce, kuma inuwar fatarta ta dogara ne da nau'in kasar da yake rayuwa a ciki, kuma tana iya zama mai duhu, ja, har ila yau da wuta. Yana da mafi yawanci yiwuwa a sadu da irin wannan herbivores a kan expanses na shrouds a cikin thickets na bushes.

Farar fata

Babbar Madaidaiciya Fox

Tana zaune a cikin busasshen savannas da hamada ta gabas da Afirka ta kudu, inda babban abincin ta ke yaɗuwa - gandun daji da ƙwakwalwa.

Babban dabbar da ke da dafi - yana da manyan kunnuwa wadanda ba a saba dasu ba dangane da girman kai. Launi na mayafin yawanci launin shuɗi ne, tare da wuyan wuta da ciki. Nasihun kunnuwa, kashewa da wutsiya baki ne. Wata gabar jiki takaice ce.

Bakar fata

Wannan dabba ce mai ƙarfi da girma, amma yawanta ba ta wuce tan biyu. Addinin da ba a shakkar irin waɗannan halittu biyu ba ne, kuma a wasu yanayi har ma da ƙaho uku ko biyar.

Lebe na sama na rhinoceros yana da kamannin proboscis kuma ya rataye akan ƙananan, wanda ke sa aiwatar da ɗaukar ganyayyaki daga rassan tsirrai na tsiro.

A cikin hoto wata rumar mai baki ce

Bongo

Za'a iya samun magudan Bongo ne kawai a cikin gandun daji tare da rashin zurfin yanayi a cikin Afirka mai zafi. Musamman, ana samun su a cikin dazuzzukan daji na ƙasƙantaccen ƙasashen Yammacin Afirka da Basin Kongo, har ma a Jamhuriyar Afirka ta Tsakiya da Sudan ta kudu.

Bongos ƙaƙƙarfan daji ne mai nauyi da nauyi. Suna da launin ja ko launin toka mai launin fata tare da madaidaiciya madaidaiciya madaidaiciya 10-15 da suka sauka akan tarnaƙi. Mace yawanci suna da haske fiye da maza. Dukkanin maza biyu suna da ƙaho mai kama da fuska. An yi imani da manyan kunnuwa don haɓaka ji, kuma launi na musamman yana taimaka wa dabbobi su bambanta juna a cikin gandun daji mai duhu. Basu da wani glandon secretion na musamman, saboda haka kasa da sauran tururuwa suka dogara da wari don samun junan su.

Gazelle Dorkas

Dzelle dorcas dabba ce ta musamman, an daidaita ta sosai don zama a cikin hamada, kamar yadda zata iya yi ba tare da ruwa ba. Wannan wazirin yana karɓar dukkanin ruwan da ake buƙata daga tsire-tsire na Afirka wanda yake ciyarwa. Koyaya, idan tushen tushen abin sha yana nan kusa, gazelle dorkas bazai daina jin daɗin ruwan sha ba.

Girman jiki yana daga kilogram 12.6-16.5. Suna da dogon kunne da mai kaho. Launin launi ya bambanta daga yashi ko zinari zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi kuma ya dogara da mazaunin yankin.

Karen kare

Hyenoid ko kare na daji na Afirka - dabba mai shayarwa daga dangin canine. A bayyanar ta yi kama da kawa, duk da haka, amininsa shine jan ƙyar. Ana samun karnuka masu ƙyalƙyashe a cikin yankuna mara ƙarfi da savannah na Afirka. Hakanan ana iya samun su a cikin dazuzzuka da mazaunin tsauni inda ganima ta zama gama gari.

Wani lokaci ana kiran karen kare na Afirka wani karen farauta. Tana da sutura mai launi, launuka masu kyau, manyan kunnuwa, da wutsiya mai farin gashi tare da farin tip. Babu sauran karnukan daji da suke da kamannin su iri ɗaya, yana mai sauƙin ganewa.

Raƙumi

Giraffe shine dabba mafi tsohuwa a duniya. Wannan dabba babu shakka an daidaita ta don ciyar da ciyayi da sauran al'adun herbivores. Raƙumi yana da jijiyoyin jini na yau da kullun waɗanda ke da jerin bawul waɗanda ke taimakawa rashi na kwatsam jini (da kuma hana asarar hankali) lokacin da aka ɗaga kai, saukar da shi, ko kuma abubuwa masu kyau.

Ana samun Giraffes a cikin m-bushe da bushe savannahs kudu da Sahara, inda bishiyoyi suke girma.

Aardvark

A cikin ƙasarta, ana kiran wannan dabbar (mammy) - earthen piglet, saboda haka Turawan mulkin mallaka suka kira shi daga Holland. Kuma an fassara shi daga Girkanci, sunansa yana nufin digogin ƙasa.

Dabbazaman lafiyaNa Afirka bai gushe yana mamakin dabbobinsa ba, bayyanar dabbar tana da ban sha'awa, jikinta yayi kama da 'yar tsintsiya, kunnuwanta zomo ne, wutsiya kuma aka aro daga kangaroo.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa, a cikin rijiyoyin buɗaɗɗen motsi ashirin ne kawai, sun kasance m kuma a cikin nau'ikan shambura, suna girma cikin rayuwa. Tsawon jikin dabba kusan mita daya da rabi, kuma tana da nauyin kilogram saba'in da saba'in.Fata yana da earthy, lokacin farin ciki da taushi, mai kauri mara nauyi.

Takalmin wutsiya da wutsiyar aardvarks suna da launi mai laushi; bakin mace daga wutsiyar ya zama fari fat. A bayyane yake yanayi ya zana su saboda yaran basu manta mahaifiyarsu da daddare ba.

Zzlearfin yana da ƙarfi, yana shimfiɗa shi da bututu tare da harshe mai ɗorewa. Aardvarks tare da ma'adinai na neman aardvarks, an lalata su kuma tururuwa suke ci. A daya tafi, aardvark na iya cin abinci kusan kwari dubu hamsin.

Tunda su ba dabbobi bane, hangen nesa bashi da kyau, kuma banda, suma suna da makafi launi. Amma ƙanshin yana da haɓaka sosai, kuma kusa da patch akwai vibrissa da yawa. Nailsusoshin ƙusoshin su, waɗanda aka yishi kamar ƙyallen ƙyallen, suna da tsayi da ƙarfi, don haka ana ɗaukar matakan aardvarks sune mafi kyawu.

Aardvark ya samo sunan ne saboda siffar hakora masu kama

Zebra

Jirgin zebra ya fito ne da dabi'ar doki kuma ya hada da nau'ikan dabbobi guda uku: zebra ta Grevy (Gabashin Afirka), zezar burchell (kudu maso gabashin Afirka) da zebra dutsen (Namibia da Afirka ta Kudu). Dukkan nau'ikan suna da halayen baƙar fata da fari, waɗanda keɓaɓɓe ne ga kowane mutum.

An samo su a cikin gidaje daban-daban, irin su ciyayi, savannahs, gandun daji masu haske, ciyayi mai ƙaya, tsaunika da tuddai na bakin teku. Koyaya, abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin nasara daban-daban suna da babban tasiri ga alumomin zebra, musamman fata farauta da lalata mazauninsu. An yi barazanar cewa ambaliyar Grevy da duwatsun dutsen suna barazanar rushewa, kuma Burchells sune ƙananan abin tsoro.

Cobra

Fotigal ta kira shi maciji da kaho. Wannan maciji mai dafi ne mai dangi wanda ke cikin asfids. A yanayinsa, maciji ba ya yin fushi sai dai idan ya fusata.

Kuma idan akwai haɗari, ba za ta kai hari ga wanda aka azabtar nan take ba, amma da farko za ta yi wani sanadi na al'ada tare da toho da lalata hular. Wadannan macizai suna zaune a sassan kudanci na Afirka, suna ɓoye cikin ɓarna, kogunan bishiyoyi da mayan dabbobin.

Mafarautan masu da'awar maciji sun ce idan maciji ya afka wa mutum, to, koyaushe ba zai iya saka guba a cikin wurin cizon ba. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa daskararren kwaro yana barin ganye don farauta zuwa jiƙa.

Abincinta ya ƙunshi macizai da ƙaramin maciji, waɗanda ake kiranta da maciji. Yayin kwancen ƙwai, ƙwayoyin maciji ba su cin komai kwata-kwata tsawon watanni uku, yana mai kiyaye yaransa da kyau.

Rage kaho, da murji yana gargadin farmaki

Canna

Canna shine mafi girman nau'in antelope. Koyaya, mace ce mai ƙarfi, tana iya yin sauri da tsalle don tsayinsa ya kai mita 2. Maza da mace suna da ƙaho a gindin, kodayake a cikin mata yawanci sun fi tsayi daɗaɗɗu. Launin launi ya bambanta da launin rawaya-launin toka zuwa launin toka ko launin toka-mai launin toka kuma ya dogara da shekarun dabba - tsoffin magabata kusan baki ne. A kirji da goshin maza akwai wata lalurar gashi da ta yi girma da kauri lokacin da dabbar ta girma. Cannes suna zaune a cikin tsaunuka, hamada, gandun daji da fadama.

Gyurza

Ita 'yar kwaya ce, ta daya daga cikin manya-manyan jinsunan macizai. Yana da mitsi da rabi da aka ciyar da shi sosai, kuma babban shugaban nau'in triangular.

A lokacin bazara, tana farkawa daga yanayin rashin walwala, a farkon maza, daga baya mata, suna da mummunar ci. Sannan macijin, ko dai ya buya a kasa, ko hawa dutsen bishiya, yana neman abin da zai ci.

Da zaran dabba mara tausayi ya kusanto, nan da nan gyurza ya kai hari, ya manne da hakoran sa kuma baya barin jikin wanda ya riga ya mutu, har sai guba ya kama aikin shi. Bayan haka ta haɗiye ganima, sai ta sake farauta.

Lokacin da macijin ya ji yana cikin hadari, zai yi birki da karfi ya auka wa mai laifin da tsalle har sai ya buge shi. Tsawon tsallerta yayi daidai da tsawon jikinta.

Python

Pythons ba macizai masu guba bane, sune dangin anacondas da boas. Suna ɗaya daga cikin macizai mafi girma a cikin duk duniya, kuma a cikin yanayi akwai kusan arba'in na jinsinsu. Akwai mafi girman Python a duniya, tsayinsa ya kai mita goma da kilo ɗari na nauyi. Kuma mafi karami, ba fiye da mita ɗaya a tsayi ba.

Dabbobin dabbobi suna da fasali guda wanda sauran halittu masu rarrafe basa da su. Sun san yadda za su iya sarrafa zafin jikinsu da kansu, yayin da suke ci gaba, suna dumama kansu ta hanyar wasa da tsokoki na jikinsu, sannan su rage ko shakatawa.

Yawancin su Pythons furanni ne mai kazantattu, kaɗan daga cikinsu launuka ne masu kauri. A cikin nau'ikan matasa, jikin ya canza launi ta hanyar ratsi, amma ya fara tsufa, raunin zai juya zuwa tabo.

Lokacin farauta, bayan kama ganima, Python ba ya cije shi da manyan hakora, amma yana kunshe shi cikin zoben kuma ya soke shi. Sannan halittar da babu mai rai jikin halittar tayi ta jan baki zuwa baki bude ta fara hadiye. Ganima mafi girma da zai ci ba ta wuce kilo arba'in.

Green Mamba Maciji

Cikakken hade da foliage, kore mamba preys a kan tsuntsaye kuma yana da karfi guba. Macijin yana zaune a cikin bishiyoyi, yana da ƙanshin gaske, har ma da kyakkyawan hangen nesa saboda manyan idanunsa.

A cikin hoto, kore mamba

Kwaro

An artiodactyl mai ban sha'awa a cikin bayyanar. Lallai, a cikin nau'in su akwai yawancin tallafin. Akwai kwarangwal wanda ya ɗan fi girma daga zomo. Kuma akwai waɗanda suke da yawa - Cannes, ba su da ƙima a cikin ma'aunin su ga sa.

Wasu tururuwa suna rayuwa a cikin busasshiyar hamada, wasu kuma suna zaune a cikin kurmi da bishiyoyi. Antelopes suna da nasu yanayin, waɗannan ƙahonan su ne, suna da nau'ikan nau'ikan da suka girma cikin rayuwa.

Canjin Bongo yana da launin ja mai haske tare da fararen kwance a tsaye. Yana zaune a cikin gandun daji

A cikin kamanninsu, akwai kamannin saniya da barewa. Matan Bongo suna zaune a cikin iyalai tare da zuriyarsu. Kuma maza da suka manyanta suna rayuwa cikin keɓewa mai ban sha'awa kafin farkon farawar. A lokacin fari, dabbobi sukan hau kan tsaunika, kuma da zuwan lokacin damina sukan sauka kan filayen.

Bongo tururuwa

Buffalo

Bulo mai baƙar fata, ɗayan nau'in bijimai da ke da yawa da yawa suna zaune a yankin Afirka. Matsakaicin nauyin wannan dabba shine kilogram ɗari bakwai, amma akwai samfurori waɗanda suke da nauyi fiye da tan.

Wadannan bijimai baƙaƙen launi ne, gashin kansu ruwa ne mai kauri, kuma duhu duhu yana haskakawa ta ciki. Buffalos suna da sifofi na musamman - wannan shine tushen mahaɗan ƙaho a kai.

Haka kuma, a cikin 'yan bijimai, ƙaho ke tsiro daban da juna, amma a tsawon shekaru ƙashin kashin da ke kansu ya girma sosai har ya rufe duka ɓangaren gaban kai. Kuma wannan ossification yana da ƙarfi sosai har ma harsashi ba zai huda shi ba.

Theaho da kansu kuma na wani irin yanayi ne wanda ba a saba gani ba, daga tsakiyar kai suke rarrabewa har zuwa ga ɓangarorin, sannan sai su lanƙwasa kaɗan tare da baka zuwa ƙasan, har zuwa ƙarshen abin da suke sake tashi.

Idan ka dube su daga gefe, a sihirinsu suna da kama da igiyoyi daga ɗakin hasumiya. Buffalos mutane ne masu son jama'a sosai, sun kirkirar da tsarin sadarwa tare da junan su, yayin da suke mur, suna girma, suna murɗa kawunansu, kunnuwa da wutsiya.

Bakar fata

Dabbar tana da girma, nauyinta ya kai tan biyu, wannan yana tare da tsawon tsayin jikin mutum uku. Abin takaici, a cikin shekara ta dubu biyu da goma sha uku, daya daga cikin jinsunan rhinos bakar fata ya karɓi matsayin wani nau'in halitta.

Ana kiran rhino baƙar fata saboda baƙar fata, amma saboda datti ne. Duk lokacin kyauta daga abinci da bacci, sai ya fadi cikin laka. Tare da kashin rhinoceros, daga daga bakin hanci akwai kaho, za'a iya samun biyu, ko watakila biyar.

Mafi girma wanda ke kan hanci, saboda tsawonsa ya kai rabin mita. Amma akwai wasu daidaikun mutane a ciki wanda ƙahon mafi girma ke girma sama da mita a tsayi. Rhinos suna rayuwa duk rayuwarsu a yankuna ɗaya kaɗai da aka zaɓa, kuma babu abin da zai tilasta dabba ya bar gidansa.

Masu cin ganyayyaki ne, kuma abincinsu ya ƙunshi twigs, bushes, ganye da ciyawa. Yana fita ya ci abinci safe da yamma, sannan ya shimfida abincinsa a tsaye a ƙarƙashin wani irin itace mai zurfi yana tunani a cikin inuwa.

Hakanan, ayyukan yau da kullun na dogo mai duhu ya haɗa da tafiya ta yau da kullun zuwa rami na ruwa, kuma yana iya rufe nesa zuwa danshi mai ba da rai har zuwa kilomita goma. Kuma can, cikin buguwa ya isa, Rhino zata yi iyo a cikin laka na dogon lokaci, ta adana fatar jikinta daga tsananin zafin rana da kwari.

Mace doguwar mace tana tafiya da ciki na shekara ɗaya da wata uku, sannan sai ƙarin shekaru biyu ta ciyar da jaririnta tare da madarar nono. Amma a shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa, “jaririn” ya girma cikin wannan girma mai girman gaske wanda dole ne ya durƙusa don ya shiga kirjin mahaifiyar. Idan akwai haɗari, Rhinos na iya kaiwa zuwa nisan sama da kilomita arba'in a cikin awa ɗaya.

Pygmy hippo

Waɗannan dabbobin cute mazauna ƙauyen Yammacin Afirka ne. Daga danginsu na kai tsaye, da hippos na yau da kullun, sun banbanta ga aramin girma da kuma wasu siffofi zagaye, musamman siffar kai.

Dwarf hipos na tsiro har zuwa kilogram ɗari biyu, tare da tsawon tsawon rabin mita. Wadannan dabbobin suna da taka tsantsan, saboda haka kusan ba zai yiwu a hadu da su kwatsam ba.

Domin suna zaune a cikin ɓoye na dunƙule ko a cikin fadadu marasa ma'ana. Hippos suna cin karancin lokaci a ruwa fiye da kan ƙasa, amma fatar su na irin wannan tsari wanda ke buƙatar hydration na yau da kullun.

Sabili da haka, a lokacin hasken rana a rana, dwarfs suna wanka. Kuma da farkon dare, suna barin saƙar da ke kusa da mafi kusa don tanadi. Suna zaune shi kaɗai, kuma a lokacin lokacin ma'aurata ne kawai hanyoyinsu suke shiga.

Pygmy hippo

Cheetah

M, m da m tsotse dabbobi masu shayarwa. Shine kadai ɗan itacen da zai isa saurinwa zuwa kilomita ɗari da awa ɗaya a cikin minti kaɗan, yayin da yake tsalle-tsalle mai tsayin mita bakwai.

Cheetahs na manya basu wuce kilogram sittin ba. Abubuwan duhu ne, yashi, ko da mai launin shuɗi mai launi tare da duhu duhu ko'ina cikin jiki. Suna da ƙaramin kai da ƙananan kunnuwa guda iri ɗaya da ƙareren zagaye. Jikin yana da tsayi mita daya da rabi, wutsiya tana da santimita tamanin.

Cheetahs suna cin abinci sabo ne kawai, yayin farauta, ba zasu taba kaiwa wanda aka cutar rauni daga baya ba. A'a cinya, komai yawan yunwar, za su ci gawawwakin dabbobi da bazu.

Leopard

Wata bishiya da ake iya sani, wacce ke bambanta da launinta na launuka, wanda yayi daidai da yatsan ɗan Adam, ba a maimaita ta a cikin kowace dabba. Leopards suna gudu da sauri, tsalle sama, hawa bishiyoyi sosai. Wannan yana kunshe ne a cikin dabi'un mahallinsu. Masu tsinkaye suna ciyar da tushen iri daban-daban; abincinsu ya hada da nau'ikan dabbobi 30 na dabbobi daban-daban.

Leopards suna da haske ja a cikin baƙar fata. Suna da kyakkyawar fur, malalatan suna binsa da kuɗi masu yawa ba tare da kashe dabbobi ba. A yau, damisa suna kan shafuffuka na Red Book.

Zakin Afirka

Kyawawan dabbobi masu ƙaddara masu rayuwa a cikin iyalai (prides), wanda ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi tare da adadi mai yawa.

Namiji babba na iya yin awo har kilo ɗari biyu da hamsin, kuma cikin sauƙi zai iya cika goby har ma sau da yawa mafi girma fiye da kanta. Muhimmin fasalin maza shine mawakiya. Da mazan dabba, denser da denser shi ne.

Zakuna suna farauta a cikin ƙaramin garke, galibi mace tafi farauta. Lokacin da suka kama ganima, sai su yi wasan tare da sauran .an wasan.

Biri

A yanayi, akwai nau'ikan birai 25, suna da girma dabam, launuka, da halaye daban-daban. A hankali, wadannan magabatan sune mafi yawancin dabbobi. Dabbobin suna rayuwa a cikin manyan fakitoci kuma suna rayuwa kusan rayuwarsu akan bishiyoyi.

Suna ciyar da abincin tsirrai da kwari iri-iri. A lokacin tsere, mace da namiji suna nuna alamun kulawa. Kuma da isowar zuriyar, an haife yara tare.

Gorilla

Daga cikin dattijan da ke zaune a dazuzzuka na Afirka - gorilla mafi girma. Suna girma kusan mitoci biyu, kuma suna yin nauyi sama da kilo ɗari da hamsin. Suna da gashi mai duhu, babba da ƙafafu.

Lokacin jima'i a cikin gorillas yana farawa tun yana ɗan shekara goma. Bayan kusan watanni tara, mace tana haihuwar jariri sau ɗaya a kowace shekara uku zuwa biyar. Gorillas na iya samun ɗan akuya ɗaya, kuma yana kusa da mahaifiyarsa har zuwa lokacin da za a haife magajin na gaba.

A cikin rahoton dabbobi daga Afirka, suna bayar da hujjoji masu ban mamaki, ya zama kwakwalwar gorilla tana daidai da kwakwalwar yaro mai shekaru uku. A matsakaita, gorillas suna rayuwa shekaru talatin da biyar, akwai wadanda suka rayu zuwa hamsin.

Chimpanzee

Iyalin waɗannan dabbobin sun ƙunshi ƙananan fannoni biyu - talakawa da pygmy chimpanzees. Abin baƙin ciki, duk an jera su a cikin Littafin Lissafi a matsayin nau'in haɗari.

Chimpanzees sune nau'ikan da ke da alaƙa da ɗan adam, idan aka gan shi ta hanyar asalin halitta. Sun fi basira da birai, kuma suna amfani da basira sosai.

Baƙuwa

Tsawon jikin waɗannan dabbobin shine cm cm 70, wutsiyarsa tayi 10 cm guntu. Su masu haske launin ruwan kasa, har da mustard a launi. Kodayake dodanni suna da kama da ƙarfi, a zahiri suna da sauri kuma suna da ƙarfi.

Baboons koyaushe suna zaune a cikin manyan iyalai, Yawan dabbobi a cikinsu ya kai mutum ɗari. Iyalin sun mamaye wasu shugabanni da yawa - shugabannin da ke da abokantaka da juna, kuma idan ya cancanta koyaushe za su goyi bayan juna.

Mata ma suna da saukin rayuwa tare da maƙwabta da kuma waɗanda suke samari. Matan da suka manyanta sun zauna tare da mahaifiyarsu na wani lokaci, kuma samari maza sun bar iyali don neman matansu.

Baƙuwa

Game da waɗannan dabbobin na Afirka zamu iya cewa suna zaune kusan a cikin nahiyar. Mata sun bambanta da maza da yawa, kusan sun ninka rabinsu. Ba su da kyakkyawar rawar kai a kawunansu, kuma kugun maza suna da yawa.

Makarfin da beranan take kamar kare ne, ita kawai tana da gashi kuma baki. A baya (i, ko da bututun) suma suna da balba. Lokacin da mace ta girma, kuma tana shirye don dabbar ta hanyar canjin, wannan bangare na jikinta yana kumbura sosai, ya kan zama ya zama ja.

Don sadarwa da juna, dattako suna amfani da wasula 30 da wasalai daban-daban, da kuma nuna kyawu da ban mamaki.

Lemar tsami

Sun wanzu kusan jinsuna ɗari na mallakar tsohuwar tsarin datake. Lemurs sun sha bamban da juna, akwai mutane gram hamsin, kuma akwai kilo goma.

Wasu maguzawa suna cin abincin ne kawai, wasu masu son abinci mai gauraye. Wasu suna aiki ne da daddare, sauran kuma mazauna gari ne.

Na bambance-bambance na waje - suna da launuka daban-daban, tsayin fur, da dai sauransu. Abin da ya haɗu su shine babban kamo a yatsan hancin goge goge da kuma tatsuniyoyi masu ban sha'awa waɗanda suke da ƙananan jaw.

Okapi

Ana kuma kiranta raƙumin daji. Okapi - ɗayan dabbobi masu ban sha'awa na Afirka. Wannan babban artiodactyl ne, tsayi tsawon mita biyu da kusan nauyin kilogram ɗari uku.

Suna da dogon wulakanci, manyan kunnuwa da maza suna da kaho kamar rakumi. An fentin jiki a cikin launin shuɗi-launin ruwan kasa, kuma kafaffun hular an yi zanen da farin ratsi masu launin kewayawa. Daga gwiwoyi zuwa yatsun ƙafafun ƙafafunsu fari.

Wutsiya na bakin ciki ya ƙare tare da buroshi. Okapi suna zaune shi kaxai, a lokacin wasannin ma'aurata ne kawai suka zama ma'aurata, sannan ba da dadewa ba. Sannan kuma sake rarrabu kowanne a yadda yake.

A cikin mata okapi, illolin mahaifiya suna da matukar girma. Yayin haihuwar, tana shiga zurfin gandun daji kuma ta nemi mafaka can tare da jariri. Uwa zata ciyar da jariri har sai an tabbatar da maraƙin.

Duiker

Waɗannan ƙananan, masu kunya ne da tsalle-tsalle. Don guje wa haɗari, suna hawa zuwa cikin kurmi na gandun daji, a cikin ciyayi mai yawa. Dukers suna ciyar da abinci na shuka, 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries, keɓaɓɓu, mice har ma da sauran naman dabbobi.

Makiya

Daya daga cikin mafiya karfi a duniya tare da muƙamuƙin da ya ƙunshi kusan hakora 65. Macijin yana zaune cikin ruwa, ana iya nutsar dashi acikinsa kusan, amma, yana kwanciya ƙwai a cikin ƙasa, a cikin matattarar zai iya zuwa ƙwai arba'in.

Wutsiyar crocodile daidai yake da rabi na jiki baki ɗaya, tura shi daga cikin kada tare da saurin walƙiya zai iya tsalle daga ruwan don kama ganima. Macen da take da abinci sosai zata iya yin abinci ba har zuwa shekaru biyu. Wani fasali mai ban mamaki shine kada macen ta daina girma.

Chameleon

Kadai mai rarrafe wanda za'a iya fenti da dukkan launuka na bakan gizo. Chameleons suna canza launuka zuwa abin rufe fuska, sadarwa tare da juna, yayin canjin yanayi.

Ba wanda zai tsere wa idanun sa mai ƙarfi, kamar yadda idanun sa suke jujjuya digiri 360. Haka kuma, kowane ido yana kallon kansa, bangare daban. Yana da irin wannan fasaha na har tsawon mita goma zai iya lura da kwaro wanda zai yi masa abincin rana.

Kwari

Vultures suna zaune a kananan kungiyoyi. A cikin savannah na Afirka ana samun su sau da yawa kawai nau'i-nau'i. Tsuntsayen suna ciyar da juriya kuma nau'i ne na yanayi. Dukkanin lokaci kyauta daga abinci, kwalliya kewaya a cikin gajimare, suna neman abinci wa kansu. Don yin wannan, dole ne su hau zuwa tsayi wanda aka gan su a tsayin kilomita goma.

Tsarin vararre yana da haske tare da gashin baƙi baki tare da gefan fikafikan. Gashin kai na gashin kansa ne mai gashi, tare da jaka biyu, da shuɗi mai haske, wani lokacin ma fata fata. Gefen yana da launi iri ɗaya, ƙarshen abin da yake, baƙar fata ne.

Baƙin Afirka

Ostrich na Afirka mafi girma shine mafi girma daga tsuntsayen zamani, duk da haka, basu san yadda zasu tashi ba, fuka-fukan tsuntsayen basu da matsala. Girman tsuntsayen hakika yana da ban sha'awa, tsayinsu ya kusan mita biyu, kodayake yawancin ci gaban sun tafi wuyansa da kafafu.

Tabarbarewar yakan yi kiwo da dabbobi na zebras da kwari, kuma tare suke yin doguwar ƙaura zuwa ƙasan Afirka. Saboda haɓakarsu da kyakkyawar ƙwarewar idanu, ostriches sune farkon waɗanda zasu lura da haɗarin. Kuma a sa'an nan suka ruga zuwa gudun 60-70 km / h

Flamingo

Godiya ga launinsu mai kyau, ana kuma kiran wuta mai suna tsuntsayen asuba. Suna da wannan launi saboda abincin da suke ci. Crustaceans da aka cinye ta hanyar flamingos da algae suna da launi na musamman, waɗanda suke launuka gashin gashinsu.

Yana da ban sha'awa don lura da jirgin tsuntsaye, saboda wannan suna buƙatar watsawa da kyau. Sannan, tunda an rigaya an cire, kafafen tsuntsayen basu daina guduwa ba. Kuma bayan ɗan lokaci kaɗan ba su sake motsawa ba, amma har yanzu suna kasancewa a cikin wani wuri mai faɗi, don haka harshen wuta kamar igiyar ruwa ne da ke tashi sama.

Marabou

Wannan tsuntsu ne mai mita daya da rabi, tare da fikafikan nisan mita biyu da rabi. A waje, marabou ba shi da yanayin da za a iya gabatar da shi sosai: kai ya yi aski, yana da babban katako mai kauri da kauri. A cikin tsuntsaye manya, babbar jaka mai launin fata tana rataye a kirji.

Suna zaune cikin manya-manyan fakitoci, kuma suna gina sheƙarsu a kan manyan rassan bishiyoyi. 'Ya'yan tsuntsayen nan gaba suna iya zama tare, tare da canzawa juna. Marabou suna ciyar da kaya, saboda haka ana ɗaukar su azaman tsabtace yanayin halittu na savannah na Afirka.

Zaki shine sarkin dabbobi

Daidai ne ya kasance cikin manyan mahara na babban yankin. Yawan jikinsa ya kai kilo 230. Wannan nauyin yana ba ku damar doke bijimin sau 2-3 fiye da kansa. Suna zaune a wuraren da akwai tafkuna da wuraren bude fili don 'yancin motsi. Zakuna suna zaune cikin dangi.

Thickaƙƙarfan lafazi da marmari alama ce ta maza. Babban dabba, ya yi kauri kuma yayi tauri. Farauta yana faruwa a cikin fakitoci. Mafi yawan lokuta, mata kan je neman ganima.

Dwarf Hakori

Wannan karamin dabba ce mai kama da tawadar Allah, wanda tsawon jikinsa ya bambanta daga 3 zuwa 4.5 cm ba tare da wutsiya ba. Yawan nauyin dabbar akan matsakaici 1 - 1.5 grams. Matsayi ya jagoranci rayuwar rayuwa. Yana da omnivorous, amma yafi ciyar a kan kwari, su larvae, kuma earthworms. Zai iya kai hari ga ƙananan ɓoye, kamar lizards, frogs, ko rodents matasa. Yana zaune matsakaicin shekara ɗaya da rabi zuwa 3.

Ana iya samun wannan dabbar a Arewacin Afirka, da kuma Kudancin Turai, Tsakiyar Asiya.

Dwarw hakori shine ɗayan dabbobi masu yawan ci a duniya. Tana buƙatar farauta kowane awanni 2, in ba haka ba tana iya mutuwa saboda wahala.

Bakar Mamba

Wannan maciji mai daɗin ji yana zaune a Kudancin Afirka. Sunan dabbar ya kasance saboda launin launi na baki. Guba a cikin wanda aka azabtar ya fitar da dogon hakora (6.5 mm). Yana zaune a cikin ɓoye da tuddai na itatuwa. Lokacin da yake son ya yi gasa da rana, zai hau saman bishiyoyin.

Tana farautar kananan dabbobi, tsuntsaye. Da zaran wanda aka azabtar ya bayyana a fagen hangen nesa, mamba ya fadi cikin bazata kuma ya ciji. Bayan an lalata dabba. Wanda aka azabtar ya hadiye duka, bayan haka ingantaccen tsarin narkewa ya narke shi cikin kwanaki 1-2.

Rhinoceros

A ɓangaren duniya, zaka iya samun nau'ikan rhinos biyu: fari da baki. Su biyun suna zaune ne a kudanci na nahiyar. Wadannan dabbobin daga wakilan fauna na Afirka (bayan giwaye) sune mafi girma. Yawan farin Rhino zai iya kaiwa ton 3, baki har zuwa ton 2.

Hawayen rana

Sunan dabbar ya kasance saboda gashin gashi na baya, wanda ke taimakawa tsarin musayar gas. Wani nau'in tsarin numfashi ne. Suna zaune a wurare masu sanyi kusa da tafkuna. Suna ciyar da gizo-gizo, ƙananan kwari da katantanwa. An kama ganima tare da m da dogon harshe.

Mai ba da labari

Tare da gidan kwari. Ana iya samun wannan ƙaramar dabba a duk faɗin Afirka. Jumpers suna dauke da sauri a tsakanin sauran kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa. Saurin motsin su shine 29 km / h. Suna zaune ko dai a cikin matan aure masu aure ko kuma kaɗai. Abinci mai gina jiki shine hakar ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Zai iya zama gizo-gizo, tururuwa, millipedes, tururuwa. Wasu wakilai a zahiri basa buƙatar abin sha.

Galago

Firamare sun yaɗu a cikin ƙasa. Waɗannan ba wasu mazaunan Afirka ba ne da ba a sani ba waɗanda ke zaune a dazuzzukan daji da savannahs. Jikin ya kai tsawon 20 cm, wutsiya har zuwa 30 cm, dabbobi suna nauyi daga 250 zuwa 300 g. Suna zaune akan bishiyoyi, galibi ba tare da haifar da iyali ba. Da wuya su gangara duniya. Suna ciyar da ƙananan kwari kuma suna shan ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Wadannan ƙananan abubuwa masu ban tsoro na iya yin tsalle-tsalle mai tsayi. Suna magana da juna tare da sautuka daban-daban waɗanda zasu iya nuna haɗari, barazana ko kawai alama ce ta gargaɗi.

Gerenuk

Wakilin ƙahon Afirka. Gizelle gizelle (sunan na biyu) yana zaune a gabashin Afirka. Suna da wuyar rikicewa tare da tururuwa, godiya ga maɗaukakan hancinsu da ƙafafunsu. Dabbobin suna jagorancin rayuwa mai aiki ba kawai da rana ba, har ma da dare. Suna ciyar da matasa harbe da ganyayyaki. Na dogon lokaci basa buƙatar abin sha. Tsawon jiki har zuwa 160 cm, kuma tsawo 95 cm, nauyi daga 30 zuwa 45 kg.

Me yasa ake kiran Afirka?

Nahiyar, wacce ta samo sunan ta daga tsoffin Helenawa daga kalmar aprica, ma'ana "rana", ko kuma daga aphrike ta Girka, ma'ana "ba tare da sanyi ba", an rarrabu kusan rabin da mai daidaitawa, idan muna magana game da tsawon. Amma saboda "bulge" na Afirka a sashinta na arewa, babban yanki har yanzu yana arewacin arewacin mai daidaitawa.

Fauna ta afrika

Fauna na Afirka, a cikin faffadar ma'anar kalmar, dukkan dabbobi ne da ke rayuwa a kan iyakar nahiyar, tsibirai da kuma tekun kan iyakokin. Ana samun mafi yawan halayen halayen fauna na Afirka a cikin yankin yanayin ɗan adam na Afirka. Wannan yanki kusan yana cikin mashigar larduna, ta haka ne yake samar da yanayi mai kyau na wadatar yanayi.

Ta yaya dabbobi suka bayyana a Afirka?

Bayanan farko na samuwar fauna a cikin Afirka tun daga farkon farkon halittar kowane rai a duniyarmu. Amma yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa samuwar yanayi a yanayin da muke ganin ta yanzu, kusan tana nufin lokutan rarrabuwa ne na supercontinent na Gondwan a cikin tsakiyar tsakiyar Mesozoic.

Samuwar fauna ya kasance saboda yawan hijirar dabbobi tsakanin tsoffin nahiyoyin Godwana - Madagascar, Kudancin Amurka da kuma, Indiya. Amma mafi girma rafin ya tafi kuma daga Laurasia. Idan muka yi magana game da nahiyoyin Godwana, to ƙaura ta faru ne gaba ɗaya ba - daga Afirka, yayin da ake yin mu'amala da Laurasia suna da yawa kuma suna ba da gudummawa, kodayake galibi daga Laurasia zuwa Afirka.

Gondwana Supercontinent

Na'urar musayar ta farko ta Neogene ta faru a tsakiyar Miocene. Babban musanyawar yanayin kwanciyar hankali a tsakanin Arewacin Afirka da Turai ya fara ne kimanin shekaru miliyan 6.1 da suka gabata, kimanin shekaru miliyan 0.4 kafin bayyanar Makarfi.

A farkon fara karatun sakandare, Afirka ta mamaye wani yanki mai cike da kullun da ke zaune a cikin jerin tsiran daji masu tarin yawa tare da halayen mutane masu yawa na Kudancin Asiya. A cikin Pliocene, yanayin ya bushe, kuma an lalata yawancin gandun daji, dabbobin daji sun sami mafaka a ragowar tsibiran daji.

A lokaci guda, wata babbar gada da ke da alaƙa da Afirka da Asiya kuma an sami yawancin garkuwa da dabbobi na gidan gwauro na Afirka. A farkon Pleistocene, lokacin rigar ya fara, kuma an dawo da yawancin daji, yayin da aka raba fauna na savannah kuma an iyakance shi zuwa ƙananan yankuna, kamar yadda a baya akwai gandun daji. Kusan kusan kusancin Afirka daga wasu yankuna ya haifar da kusancin dangin jinsuna da yawa a kusurwoyi daban-daban na nahiyar.

Dabbobi masu shayarwa

Nahiyar Afirka ta tanada nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayar 1,100 a cikin asalinta. Yawancin rodents suna zaune a cikin duniyar rana. Yawan nau'ikan halittu 64 ne suke zaune a nan, mafi yawancin nau'ikan jinsunan ungulates da bovids. Wannan shine ainihin mulkin dabba, wanda tsawon ƙarni ya jawo hankalin masu son kasada daga ko'ina cikin duniya waɗanda suke son yin gasa tare da ikon yanayin kanta.

Leo shine "Sarkin dukkan dabbobi." Babban itacen zaki, wanda ya kai tsawon 208 santimita, kuma yayi nauyin kilogram 170. Mace suna da ɗan matsakaicin ƙarfi a girman - har zuwa santimita 184 da kilo 138.

Zakin yana da tsoka, yana da kirji mai zurfi da gajere, zagaye, rage wuya da kunnuwa masu zagaye. Jawo gashinta ya bambanta da launi daga launin ruwan kasa zuwa launin toka mai haske, launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi da ruwan duhu. Launuka na ƙananan sassa yawanci suna haske. Sabon ɗan zaki yana da duhuyen da ke ɓoye lokacin da ɗan ya kai ga balaga, ko da yake ana iya ganin raunukan raunuka a kafafu da ƙananan sassan jikin mutum.

Leo shi kadai ne memba na dangin cat, wanda maza suke da matukar girma a cikin mata. Maza suna da kawunan kawuna da kuma rawar gani wacce ke girma ƙasa da baya, yana rufe mafi yawan kai, wuya, kafadu da kirji. Jirgin fata yakan yi launin shuɗi da taɓawa da shuɗi, da shuɗi

Lokaci

Gidan cat ya hada da ƙananan ƙananan wurare biyu: manya da ƙananan kuliyoyi, wakilai waɗanda ke zaune a Afirka.

Daga dabarun manyan kuliyoyi a nahiyoyin, akwai zaki da damisa, kuma ƙananan kuliyoyi sune: cheetah, caracal, sande dune, cat-foo ƙafa, cat daji, catal serv and cat na zinare.

Sauro cizon sauro

Sauro cizon sauro kwari ne masu haɗarin gaske waɗanda ke ciyar da jini. Sun sa qwai a cikin tsayayyen ruwa mai tsafta. Miliyoyin sauro na iya kyankyashe daga tushe guda ɗaya. Koyaya, ainihin barazanar daga waɗannan kwari shine cututtukan da aka watsa ta jini. Cutar da ta fi haɗari sananne ita ce zazzabin cizon sauro, wanda miliyoyin mutane ke mutuwa kowace shekara.

Dorilus tururuwa

Dorilus tururuwa na iya tattarawa a cikin yankuna, tare da mutane sama da miliyan 20. Lokacin da abinci yake ƙarancin wadatarwa, sukan neme shi a cikin babban rukuni, cikin sauri na 20 m / h. Ga wasu ƙauyuka na ɗan adam, suna da amfani (suna lalata kowace irin kwari a hanyarsu, daga kwari zuwa manyan beraye), amma ga wasu suna cutarwa. Ciwan yana da matukar raɗaɗi, yanɗar da tururuwa abu ne mai wahala, kamar yadda suke da jajayoyi masu ƙarfi.

Wannan kwaro ne mai ɗauke da cutar rashin bacci. Tsetse ya ci jinin vertebrates kuma yana fama da wata cuta mai hadari ga mutane - trypanosomiasis. Yawan mutanen da suka mutu a Afirka na da matukar damuwa saboda su. A kowace shekara, mutane dubu 250 - 300 ne ke mutuwa a Afirka a dalilin cizon wannan kwari.

Kalao-fari na Afirka

Kalao-fari da aka fi so a Afirka - ɗayan wakilan tsuntsayen rhinoceros, suna zaune a cikin dazuzzuka masu daɗin Tsakiya da Yammacin Afirka.

Tsawon jikinsa ya banbanta da cm 70-70. nauyin namiji shine 279-315 g, na mace shine 276-288 g .. Launin kai yana da fari, tare da baƙar fata, sauran filayen suna launin baki, tare da ƙaramin ƙarfe. Fuka fuka-fukan wutsiya kawai suna da fararen zano akan tukwici.

Kyakkyawar tean Afirka

An kuma sananniyar ƙwararren ɗan Afirka kuma ana kiranta da ɗan goyo, wanda aka rarraba a kudu da hamadar Sahara. Wannan shi ne mafi ƙarancin wasa a Afirka, kuma ɗayan mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin duniya (matsakaicin nauyi game da 285 g, da fuka-fuki - 142-165 mm). Yana zaune a cikin jikkunan ruwa, yana ciyar da ciyayi da ruwa.

Kodayake ƙwararrun Africanan Afirka suna da bishiyoyi kamar geese, suna da alaƙa da daskararrun kogin da sauran duwatsun. Launin gashin gashin ya hada da launuka masu zuwa: baki, fari, ja da kore.

Tsiririn Afirka

Yana zaune a cikin savannas da ke kudu da hamad. Unguwar Afirka tana da ƙananan gashin fuka-fukai a kai da wuya, fuka-fukai masu faɗi sosai, gajerun fuka-fukan a jikin wutsiya. Girman jiki daga 4.2 zuwa 7.2 kilogiram, tsawon 78-98 cm, kuma kifin yana cikin girman 1.96-2.25 m.

Kamar sauran kwari, wannan dajin ne, wanda yake cin gawawwakin dabbobi da ya same shi cikin savannah. Anguwannin Afirka sau da yawa suna tashi a cikin fakitoci.

Penguin Afirka

Wani ɗan Afirka, har ila yau, da aka fi sani da shi penguin mai kallo, yana zaune a cikin ruwan na Kudancin Afirka. Kamar sauran penguins, wannan nau'in babu kwari, tare da jikin jiki, da fikafikai, sun lalace cikin juyawa, don mazaunin marine. Manya sun kai kimanin kilogram 2.2-3.5 kuma sun kai girman 60-70 cm. Suna da tsinkayen launuka masu launin shuɗi (gland) a saman idanun da ke taimaka musu jimre da canjin yanayin.

Penan Afirka na da kyau iri-iri kuma suna ciyar da kifi da squid. Wannan nau'in na cikin haɗari kuma ya shahara sosai tsakanin masu yawon bude ido.

Wavy Astrild

Wavy Astrild karamin tsuntsu ne daga odar Passeriformes. Asalin haihuwarsa ƙasashen Afirka ne dake kudu da hamadar Sahara. Koyaya, an gabatar da wannan nau'in zuwa wasu yankuna na duniya.

Tsawon tsayin dutsen da ke jikinsa ya kai santimita 11-13, kuma yana da fikafiti 12 zuwa 14 kuma nauyin 7-10 g. Wannan tsuntsu yana da santsi a jiki mai gajeren zango da kuma dogon wutsiya. Gas shine mafi yawan launin toka-launin toka, kuma baki mai haske ja.

Talakawa Jama'a Masu Ciniki

Wadannan tsuntsayen suna zaune a cikin savannahs na Afirka ta Kudu, Namibia da Botswana. Sun gina manyan gidaje na al'umma, wadatacce tsakanin tsuntsaye. Gidajen Weaver suna daya daga cikin tsarukan tsare-tsaren da tsuntsaye suka gina.

Tsawon jikin yana kusan 14 cm, kuma nauyinsa shine 26-32 g .. Ba a bayyana ƙarancin jima'i. Launin gashin fuka-fukin launin shuɗi ne, mai duhu.

Afirin Afirka-kunkuntar

Cikakken crocodile na Afirka shine ɗayan nau'ikan karnukan crocodiles da suke zaune a Afirka (ɗayan biyun kuwa macen macijin Nilu ce da ke cike da bakin ciki).

Gwanayen narkewa-macizai suna zama a cikin jikkunan ruwa na Tsakiyar da Yammacin Afirka. Suna da matsakaiciyar girman jikin mutum, galibi yayyen karami fiye da kifayen Nile, amma ya fi girma akan wasu nau'in halittu. Manya, a matsayinka na mai mulki, kusan mil 2.5 ne a tsayin daka, amma, kamar yadda ka sani, zasu iya kai 4.2 m. Tsarin jiki shine 125-325 kg. Yankakkun crocodile suna da bakin ciki, wanda ake amfani dashi don kamun ganima, saboda haka sunan su.

Bakar Mamba

Baƙar fata mamba maciji ne mai dafi wanda ke rayuwa a Afirka kawai. Launi ya bambanta da launin toka zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, amma ba baƙar fata ba. Matasa matasa, a matsayinka na mai mulki, sun fi sauki fiye da manya, amma sun yi duhu tare da shekaru. Ma'aurata masu yawan jima'i sukan isa tsawon jikin mutum 3 m.

Wannan macijin yana jagorantar yanayin rayuwa kuma yana rayuwa cikin savannahs, gandun daji, gangara mai dutse, wani lokacin kuma a cikin gandun daji mai yawa. Baƙar fata mamba suna cin nama a kan dabbobi masu shayarwa da kuma tsuntsaye. Yana da ikon yin saurin saurin kilomita 11 / h a takaice masu nisa. Duk da sunawar wani maciji mai saurin rikicewa da rikice-rikice, mamba mai baƙar fata, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana nisantar da mutane idan ba'a tsoratasu ba kuma suna ƙoƙarin tarko shi.

Haɓaka ƙuruciya

Theaƙƙarfan kunkuru shine ƙaddarar ƙasa mafi girma a kan Afirka da ta uku mafi girma a duniya, wanda ke ba da Galapagos da ƙ tan kunkuru. Ya kai tsawon jiki na cm cm da nauyin kilogram 45, kuma wasu maza sun yi girma zuwa kilo 90.Wannan nau'in ya zama ruwan dare gama gari, tunda suna da hankali da fasaha.

Goliath rana

Rogarfin goliath itace mafi girman rana a duniyar. Wasu mutane sun girma har zuwa 32 cm a tsayi daga muck zuwa sacrum, kuma nauyinsu ya kai kilo 3.25. Wannan nau'in yana da ɗan ƙaramin kewayon mazauni a Kamaru da Equatorial Guinea.

Rogarfafa goliath yawanci tana cikin ciki da kusa da koguna masu sauri, tare da yashi mai ƙasa. Wadannan koguna, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna cike da iskar oxygen. Tsarin kogin da ke yin kwalliyar goliath a ciki galibi yana cikin yankunan da ke da yanayin zafi sosai.

Digging rana

Frog digging na Afrikan yana cikin dangi Pyxicephalidae. Ya zama ruwan dare a Angola, Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Afirka ta Kudu, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe, da kuma yiwu DRC.

Gidajen rayuwa sun haɗa da savannahs, bishiyoyi da wuraren tsirrai, tafkuna masu ruwa da ruwa, tudun ƙasa, makiyaya, canji da rami. Wannan babban tsintsiya ne, maza sunkai kimanin kilogram 1.4, kodayake suna iya wuce kilogiram 2. An bayyana dimbin nau'in jima'i, nauyin mace shine rabin girman namiji, wanda baƙon abu bane tsakanin 'yan amphibians, kamar yadda a yawancin jinsunan mata suke da girma. Maza sun kai cm 23 a tsayi, alhali kuwa mata sun fi kankanta.

Baƙon Fage na Afirka

Baboon gizo-gizo gizo-gizo ne daga dangi Fararara, tare da guba mai ƙarfi. Zai iya haifar da cizo mai raɗaɗi, amma yawancin waɗannan gizo-gizo ba a la'akari da haɗari ga ɗan adam. Yankin ƙasa yana ƙunshe da yankuna na Afirka ta Kudu.

Baƙi 'yan gizo-gizo suna jagorantar rayuwar rayuwa kuma suna gina ɓoyayyen siliki, galibi a ƙarƙashin kankara ko cikin duwatsu. Hutu sun haɗa da dazuzzuka savannah, ciyawa, da ciyayi masu bushe.

Spider darwin

Darwin gizogizo shine dangi na yin orbiting. Kamar yadda yake tare da wasu nau'ikan gizo-gizo, an bayyana alamar jima'i da alama, mata sun fi maza yawa. Tsawon jikin mace ya bambanta tsakanin 18 zuwa 22 mm, kuma tsawon maza kusan 6 mm.

Wadannan gizo-gizo suna ƙirƙirar kayan halitta na musamman - yanar gizo mai girma da girma sosai.

Itataccen yashi mai ido shida

Wannan nau'in gizo-gizo ne na matsakaici. Tsawon jikin daga 8 zuwa 15 mm ne, kuma tsawon paws ya kai mm 50. Ideran gizo-gizo masu fatar ido shida ido suna zaune a cikin hamada da sauran wuraren yashi a kudancin Afirka. Haƙiƙa a kan ɗan adam ba kasafai ba ne: babu takamaiman shari'ar da aka tabbatar. Koyaya, an gudanar da wani gwaji wanda wannan gizo-gizo ya ciji zomo, sakamakon ya kasance mai muni (mutuwar dabba ya faru awanni 5-12 bayan ciji).

Babban kifi tiger

Babban kifi tiger, wanda kuma aka sani da giant hydrocin, babban ruwa ne, ruwa mai tsinkaye, daga kifi Alestidae. Ana samo shi a cikin Kwalin Kongo.

Wannan magabcin ya girma zuwa tsawon 1.8 m da taro mai nauyin 50. Babban kifi tiger shine ichthyophagous, cin kowane kifi da za'a iya sarrafa shi, harma da dangi.

Kalamoicht

Kalamoicht ko kifin maciji, yana zaune ne a Yammaci da Tsakiyar Afirka. Ana samunsa galibi a cikin kogunan ruwa na ruwa da tabkuna. Abincin ya ƙunshi ƙananan dabbobi (kwari da tsutsotsi).

Kalamoicht ya kai matsakaicin tsawo na cm 37. Yana da kuraje, jiki mai tsawo ba tare da fin fin ciki ba. Dogon dorsal ɗin ya ƙunshi jerin ƙasassu dabam. Kalamoicht yana da nau'ikan huhu, wanda zai baka damar shakar iska. Wannan ya bawa kifin damar rayuwa cikin ruwa tare da karancin abun da ke narkar da oxygen.

Babbar gashin tsuntsu-Senegal

Ana samun isasshen ruwan Senegal a cikin tabkuna, koguna, fadamomi da ambaliyar ruwan Afirka na wurare masu zafi da tsarin kogin Nilu.

Wannan kifin dawwamammen kifi, yawanci launin toka ko m, wani lokacin yana da inuwar fari, ruwan hoda ko shuɗi. An rufe mafi yawan jikin mutum da yanayin bakin ciki tare da duhu duhu ko dige. Thearshen dorsal na ƙwanƙwasa yana gudana tare da mafi yawan jiki har sai ya hadu da fin ɗin caudal, wanda ke da kaifi da lebur. Tsawon jiki ya kai 35.5 cm.

Dune Cat (Sand Cat)

Yankin yashi shine mafi ƙaramin wakilci a tsakanin kuliyoyin daji. Tsawonsa ya bambanta daga 65 zuwa 90 cm, wanda 40% shine wutsiya. Tsawon dutsen dune shine 24-30 cm, kuma nauyin 2.1 shine kilo 3.4.

Yankin yashi yana zaune shi kaɗai a cikin wurare masu zafi, bushe. A cikin Afirka, ana iya samun sahara a cikin Sahara a cikin ƙasashen Algeria, Maroko, Chadi da Nijar.

Gazelle Dorkas

Daga arewacin Tarzania zuwa kudu maso yamma na Kenya, taron dabbobi suna yin doguwar ƙaura (tafiya) a da'ira. Kusan dabbobi miliyan biyu suna tashi daga fure ɗaya zuwa wata a kowace shekara don binciken kyawawan kayan lambu. Garkunan sun mamaye sama da kilomita 1600. A lokacin damina (Nuwamba-Disamba), an sami garken dabbobi masu kiwo da yawa a arewacin Serengeti, suna jin daɗin ciyawar sabo da samun ƙarfi. A watan Janairu da Fabrairu suna haihuwar sa .an. Kuma kusa da Afrilu, sun fara ƙaura zuwa arewa maso yamma. An kiyasta kimanin Wildebeest 450,000 ne yayin ƙaura na shekara.

Akwai wata magana da ke “hanya a hanya”, amma garkunan sun “cinye” hanyarsu zuwa arewa kuma a cikin watan Yuli sun isa filayen Maryama. A can suka tsaya har zuwa watan Oktoba, sannan kuma suka sake yin tafiya mai nisa zuwa kudu.

Hakanan, tafiya ba ta yi kama da mai sauƙin tafiya da rashin kulawa ba. Yayin tafiya, dabbobi suna fuskantar haɗari masu yawa: ƙishirwa, yunwa, fadowa kan tsaunin tsaunin, tsallaka kogin. Kuma dole ne mu manta game da mafarautan - zakuna, damisa da tsuntsaye - waɗanda ke jira kawai su ci wani abu mara kyau.

250,000 wildebeests suna mutu kowace shekara yayin ƙaura.

Yawan igan ƙaura: Miliyan 1.3, wildebeests, 360,000 gazelles, zebras 190,000 da kuma can canten na 12,000.

Zebras

Halittu suna da alaƙa da yanayin daidaitawa. Yawancin jinsunan zebra suna iya rayuwa, duka a tsaunuka, don haka a hamada da filayen.

An san su ko'ina don launin taguwar su, inda launuka masu launin fata da fari suna canzawa tare da juna, kuma kowane ɗayan shine mai mallakar kowane tsarin. Wannan launi akan asalin halitta tana rikitar da masu lalata kuma harma ya sami damar kariya daga kwari.

Jimina

Tsuntsu shine mafi girma a tsakanin mulkokin masarautar wata babbar kasa. Tsawon kyakkyawan sifofinsa ya kai cm 270. A baya can, an sami wadannan halittu ne a yankin Arabiya da Siriya, amma yanzu ana samunsu ne kawai da girman yankin Afirka.

Sun shahara a wuyan wuyansu kuma suna da ikon haɓakawa da sauri idan akwai haɗari. Fushin mai zafin rai na iya zama mai fushi cikin kariyarsa kuma a cikin yanayin farinciki yana da haɗari har ma ga mutane.

Ostrich na Afirka shine mafi girman wakilcin tsuntsaye

Kunkuru

A Nahiyar Afirka akwai nau'ikan kunkuru na launuka iri dabam dabam da launuka iri daban daban. Yawancinsu suna zaune ne a cikin tabkuna, koguna da fadama, suna ciyar da ruwa da kifaye.

Wasu daga cikin waɗannan dabbobi masu rarrafe abubuwa ne kawai masu ban mamaki, mai ban dariya, suna da tsawon harsashi har zuwa tsayi mita ɗaya da rabi kuma suna auna kimanin kilo 250. Urtwayoyin sanannun sanannun ne, yawancinsu suna rayuwa sama da shekaru 200.