Tsayin doki - 163-183 cm.

Kayan riga da wando ne da fararen alamomi a kafafu da kuma cikakke wurin kwance a wulakancin. Brown da baƙi suna da ɗanɗano.

A waje ne gaba ɗaya na musamman da ake iya sani. Nau'in yana da nauyi, kai yana da girma, mai ƙamshi, bayanin martaba humpback ne, wuyansa gajere ne kuma yana da ƙarfi, tare da ƙarancin ƙofar shiga, jiki yana gajeru, oval, kirji yana da zurfi, ƙanƙayi mai tsayi, mai kauri da ƙarfi tare da wannan nau'in, baya yana da fadi, ya yi tsawo, kuma croup ɗin yana jujjuyawa. Kyakkyawan gogewa a ƙafafu, an yanke wutsiyar rabi ko ƙarƙashin gindin, don kada ku tsoma baki tare da kayan doki.

Tarihin gado

Abin takaici, tarihin Kledesdal asali ba ta daɗewa, ya fara ne a ƙarni na 18 a cikin Burtaniya, inda kawai aka gabatar da wasu wuraren uku na Flemish kuma sun katange ɗan gajeren ɗan gajeren lokaci. Sakamakon binciken ya ba kowa mamaki - an bambanta zuriyar ta hanyar kyakkyawa da ƙarfin nau'in, haɗe tare da babban tarko. Brearin kiwo ya tafi "ciki", lokaci-lokaci ana ƙara jinin Shire, ana ɗaukar su iri ɗaya ne na dogon lokaci.

Godiya ga tsarin haya mai ban sha'awa na mafi kyawun masu samar da kayayyaki, yawan garken ya karu kuma nau'in ya yaɗu a wajen Scotland - a ko'ina cikin Ingila, a Amurka har ma a kan gabashin Australiya. Ya jawo hankalin su ta hanyar natsuwa, kirki da aminci ga aiki. An yi amfani da su don haifar da sababbin dabbobi kuma don inganta tsefe da kuma shirya dawakai a duniya. Koyaya, ya zuwa shekarar 1975, yawan masu yin yumɓu ba su cika burin 900 ba a duk duniya kuma yana gab da hallakawa. An dauki matakan gaggawa don farfado da wannan kyakkyawar doki mai kyan gaske.

A halin yanzu, dabbobin waɗannan dabbobin sun kasance barga, waɗanda masu goyon baya a duniya ke tallafawa, saboda kiyaye irin waɗannan manyan dawakan suna da alaƙa da farashi mai girma, amma sun cancanci hakan.

Rayuwa a yanayi

Don irin wannan nau'in dawakai kamar Kleidesdal, manyan abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli suna da mahimmanci, sune ruwa, haske, iska mai tsabta, da kuma yanayin rayuwa. Duk waɗannan batutuwan ya kamata a yi la’akari da su daki daki domin fahimtar wace irin kulawa da kulawa irin wannan doki yake amfani dashi.

A waje

Claydesdal ya bambanta cikin manyan girma, amma a lokaci guda ana ɗaukarsu tare. Stallions ya kai girman 1.65-1.83 m, kuma yayi nauyi kusan tan. Manyan motocin Scottish suna da:

1. Babban faifan kai mai kaifin baki tare da tsotsewar wucin gadi da ƙoshin hanci. Bayanan martaba na iya zama madaidaiciya ko convex dan kadan. Idanun suna bayyanarwa sosai.
2. Babban gajarta jiki tare da faffadar baya da jijiyoyin jiki.
3. Kafafu madaidaiciya kafafu tare da kumburin kumburin ciki da ƙyallen fata.

Wakilai na Kledesdal

Wakilan Kledesdal irinsu suna da fararen fata zube a fuska, ciki da wata gabar jiki. Roan, bay, launin ja ko launin ruwan kasa halayensu ne, launin gashi launin toshilala ne.

Asalin farawar asali da kuma matakan kiwo

A farkon karni na 18, aikin hakar ma'adinai a kwarin Clyde River Valley ya kara karfi, ya haifar da karuwar bukatar inganta hanyar sufuri da ke akwai da yawan doki na gida. Har zuwa wannan, a cikin Scotland, ana fitar da dutsen Flemish da Friesian don saɓani tare da mares na gida. Sakamakon haka, an sami babban ci gaban matasa, amma dutsen Glanser da Lampits sun sami babban tasiri kan samuwar. Sun zama magabatan yawancin dabbobin zamani. Influencearfin iko na waɗannan dawakai biyu yana da alaƙa da kyawawan halayen su da kuma haya ta dutsen da ke samun ƙara ƙarfi a wancan lokacin.

A shekara ta 1837, aka ba da wata doka don inganta aikin gwanaye a Scotland. Tsakanin gasar gonaki ana gudanar da shi don mafi kyawun wakilan kiwo, kuma galibi ana amfani da masu cin nasara a kamfen. Bayan haka kuma, an shirya shigo da dawakai na yau da kullun daga gundumomin makwabta.

Shekaru 40 bayan haka, an kafa wata ƙungiya mai son farawa a cikin Scotland, kuma a shekara ta 1878 aka buɗe irin wannan rukunin a Amurka. A lokaci guda, ana ƙirƙirar littattafai masu ƙafa da manyan masana'antu na kiwo. Duk waɗannan suna ba da gudummawa ga saurin haɓakar dabbobi, kuma haɓaka halaye masu ƙarfi suna ƙara sha'awar dawakai a ƙasashen waje. A cikin shekarun daga 1870 zuwa 1950, an fitar da dawakai dubu 30 na nau'ikan Kledesdal daga Ingila, wani sashi mai mahimmanci wanda ya tafi Amurka.

A karni na 20, nau'in na iya bacewa gaba daya. Idan a cikin kafin yakin duniya na biyu ana ci gaba da neman karin manyan motoci, to daga baya cikin harkar noma da aikin gona gaba daya sun sauya kayan aiki. Forties ya zama abin bakin ciki ga daftarin dawakai - daga 1946 zuwa shekaru 49 yawan dilalliyar ganuwar ya ragu daga 200 zuwa 80.

Kleidesdale wata babbar dawakai ce mai nauyi, wacce aka rarrabawa a duk duniya saboda halayenta na waje.

An dauki tsawon lokaci ana farautar irin wannan da danada. A cikin 90s kawai suka yi aiki don dawo da yawan farawa. A halin yanzu, ci gaban kiwo yana kunna sha'awar yawon shakatawa a cikin kiwo, kuma dawakai suna kara fitowa fili cikin shirye-shirye daban-daban na show. Tun shekara ta 2010, ire-iren mazajen sun shiga sahun yawan hadarin da ke tattare da cutar - yawan jiragen ruwa sun zarce raga 1,500.

Yankin doki mai kama da jituwa ya samo asali game da shahararrun duniya. Kleidesdal dawakai sun zama ruwan dare a cikin ƙasashe da yawa, kuma an yi amfani da su sosai wajen ƙirƙirar sababbin layi da ƙungiyoyin kiwo. Don haka, an kafa layin Ostiraliya tare da ingantattun halayen mara nauyi. A cikin Ingila kanta, an aiwatar da yaduwa tare da dabbobin ruwa don samun dawakai masu matsakaici tare da ƙoƙarin babban aiki. Wannan nau'in sabon abu shine yakamata ya samar da jigilar manyan bindigogi masu hawa-sama yayin yakin duniya na farko.

Fresh iska

Yanayin yanayi yana da mahimmanci ga doki na wannan irin, idan ba su da kyau, dabba za ta yi fama da cututtuka na numfashi sau da yawa. Ainihin yanayin dawakan yana ba da isasshen inganta ingantaccen iska da microclimate. A cikin barga kana buƙatar samun ma'aunin zafi da sanyio, wanda ya kamata ya nuna ba fiye da digiri 15 na zafi ba, haka kuma aƙalla 5 digiri Celsius. A cikin hunturu, barga dole ne ya zama insulated. Iska mai bushewa don dawakai ba mummunan abu bane, amma ƙara zafi yana da lahani ga lafiya. Bargaren kuma yana buƙatar samun iska ta yau da kullun, tsaftace mahalli da kantuna.

Halayen halaye

Tsarin Kledesdal ya canza sosai a cikin tarihinta. A cikin 1920s zuwa 1930s, ƙaramin doki ne ƙarami fiye da Shire, Persheron da Belgium. Farawa daga 1940s, an zaɓi dabbobi masu kiwo don samar da dawakai masu tsayi, waɗanda ke da ban sha'awa a cikin hotuna da nune-nunen. A yau, Clydesdale yana da tsayi mai nauyin 163 zuwa 183 cm kuma yana nauyin kilogram 820 zuwa 910. Wasu mazan da suka manyanta sun fi girma, tsayi sama da 183 cm kuma nauyinsu ya kai kilogiram 1000. Kiwo yana da bayanin martaba na kai tsaye ko dan kadan na fuska, goshi mai fadi da makarfi mai fadi. Tana da tsoka da ƙarfi, daɗaɗɗen wuya, babban ƙishi da kafaɗa mai rauni. Sociungiyoyin farauta suna ba da kulawa sosai ga ingancin ƙafafunsu da ƙafafunsu, da kuma motsin dawakai. Gurinsu yana aiki, tare da ƙafafunsu a sarari kuma cikakkiyar ma'anar ƙarfi da inganci.

Mai karfin Kledesdal. Leungiyar Kleideszdal Horse Horse ta bayyana su a matsayin "masu son-rai." An gano cewa Kledesdal yana cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar jiki, cuta mai dauke da alamomin asibiti wadanda suka hada da ciwan hanji, hawan jini, da kuma fibrosis na hanji, wanda yayi kama da na kumburi mai kumburi a cikin mutane. Wata matsalar lafiya ita ce yanayin fata a kasan kafa. An ce a cikin maganganun maganganun magana, "Clyde's itch" yana haifar da wasu nau'ikan scabies. Hakanan an san cewa Kledesdal yana da kunar rana a jiki a kowane fata mai ruwan hoda (wanda ba a saninsa ba) a kewayen fuska.

Kleidesdal yawanci na riguna ne na bay, amma an samu farar fata, baƙi da launin toka ana kuma samun su. Yawancinsu suna da fararen alamu, ciki har da fararen fata, ƙafar kafafu da kafafu, da kuma natsuwa a jiki (yawanci akan ƙananan ciki). Sau da yawa akwai dawakai "a cikin safa". Tukwane da alamomin fararen fata ana ganin sun zama sanadiyyar sabinocin halittar jini. Wasu masu shayarwa na Kledesdal suna so su fara dawakai da alama a fuskokinsu da “a safa”, amma ba tare da natsuwa a jikinsu. Don ƙoƙarin samun cikakke jerin alamun, sukan wuce dawakai tare da farin ƙafa ɗaya ko dawakai tare da fararen kafa huɗu. A matsakaici, sakamakon shine maƙaryaciya tare da adadin alamun fari da ake so.

Amfani

Kleidesdal an fara amfani da shi ne don aikin gona, sufuri a Lanarkshire da kuma safarar sufuri a Glasgow. A yau, har yanzu ana amfani da Kleidesdal a matsayin babban kaya a cikin aikin gona, gami da katako. Hakanan ana amfani dasu don hawan dawakai kuma ana kiyaye su don nishaɗi. Kledesdal, kamar yadda ka sani, mafi yawanci ana zaɓa don jigilar mutane, kuma don jerin gwanon dawakai saboda fararen kafafunsu. Tare da dawakai na karusai, ana amfani da Kledesdal azaman dawakai. Ana nuna su a waƙoƙin jihohi, da kuma a nune-nunen ƙasa.

Wasu daga cikin shahararrun wakilan irin wannan na mallakar giyar ne ta Budweiser kuma sun zama alama ta kasa da kasa ta shaharar da irinta. Tsarin kiwo na Budweiser, tare da ingantattun ka'idojin launinsa da daidaito, ya rinjayi bayyanar shayarwa a Amurka har zuwa yadda mutane da yawa suka yi imanin cewa Kledesdal koyaushe yana cike da farin alamun.

Wasu Kleidessals ana amfani da su don hawan doki kuma ana iya tura su cikin sirdi, haka kuma a cikin kayan doki. Godiya ga yanayin kwantar da hankulansu, sun zama masu sauƙin koya kuma ana iya yin dawakai na kwarai daga gare su. Sojojin gidan Burtaniya suna amfani da Kleidesdal da Shire a matsayin dawakai a yayin dawakai a bikin. Dawakai suna da launuka masu kyan gani, waɗanda aka fi yaba da pinto. Don amfani dashi don wannan dalili, dokin dawakai dole ne ya sami ƙarami mafi tsayi. Suna dauke da Jami’in Gudanar da Kiɗa da waƙoƙin azurfa biyu masu nauyin kilogram 56 kowannensu.

A karshen karni na 19, an kara jinin Kledesdahl a cikin nau'ikan babbar motar Irish a wani yunƙuri na haɓaka da kuma farfado da wannan nau'in gajiya. Koyaya, waɗannan ƙoƙarin ba a yi la'akari dasu masu nasara ba, kamar yadda babbar motar Irish ta yi tsammani cewa jinin Cladesdesal ya sa dawakansu su yi tauri da kafafunsu masu rauni. Kledesdal ya taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin halittar Wann Gypsy dawakai a Burtaniya. An kuma yi amfani da Kledesdal, tare da sauran nau'ikan nau'ikan don ƙirƙirar dokin daftarin Ostiraliya. A farkon karni na 20, akan wuce su da Dales, suna kirkiro dawakai masu matsakaici, masu amfani da safarar motocin kasuwanci da manyan bindigogi.

Yaya ake amfani da manyan motocin Scottish a yau?

Daga ƙarni na 18 zuwa farkon karni na 20, an yi amfani da waɗannan manyan dawakai jigilar kaya - itace da gawayi, an ɗauke su zuwa manyan kekuna. A yau, kledesdels har yanzu suna ba da fa'idodin mazaunan karkara a cikin ƙasashe daban-daban. Neededarfinsu ana buƙatar inda fasaha ba zai ƙetare ba, alal misali, cikin gandun daji na Kanada da kuma tsaunin tuddai.

Wasu wakilan 'yan wasan sun nuna karfinsu da kyan gani a nune-nunen bukukuwa da bukukuwa. Jirgin nauyi mai nauyi na Scottish bai dace da wasanni ba - dabbobi sun yi nauyi da jinkiri.

Siffar abun ciki da abinci mai gina jiki

Ana ajiye Kleideesdale a cikin manyan wuraren zama cike da windows. Za'a sa Layer na sawdust ko bambaro a ƙasa. Dabbobin suna buƙatar tafiya kowace rana don sa'o'i da yawa. Yana da mahimmanci bincika ƙafafun bayan ɗaukar nauyi kuma tsaftace su idan ya cancanta.

A lokacin bazara, dawakai suna wanka sau biyu a mako, suna jan su. Bayan hanyar, shafa bushe tare da tsabta zane. Ana wanke Mane da wutsiya tare da shamfu kuma an gamsu su da tsefe.

Dole ne a sanya ido a kan motar wuta. Abincin yakamata ya hada da:

• hatsi - hatsi, sha'ir, bran,
• 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari - karas, beets na fodder, apples,
• hay,
• sabo ciyawa
• ma'adanai da abubuwan bitamin.

Hankali! Ana saka gishirin gishiri a cikin mai ciyar da mai dokin. Da jin buƙatar ma'adanai, dabba zata sha lakar.

Yana da mahimmanci a sha dokin daidai. A rana tana buƙatar shan ruwa 40-60 na ruwa. A cikin yanayin zafi da a karkashin manyan lodi - ƙari. Babban doka - ba za ku iya shan doki mai zafi ba, kuna buƙatar ba shi hutawa. Ana iya ba da ruwa kawai sa'a guda bayan aiki mai wahala.

Halin doki na Kleidesdal yana da tarihi mai ban sha'awa. Sau da yawa tana gab da hallakarwa, amma, godiya ga masu sha'awar Scottish da Turanci, ta rayu har zuwa yau. Motocin manyan motoci har ila yau suna da daraja a ƙasarsu; mazauna karkara ba sa yin watsi da taimakonsu. Hakanan ana amfani da Cladedesals azaman ingantattun hanyoyin layin rubutu.

Haske

Don cikakkiyar rayuwa, dawakai suna buƙatar wadatar hasken rana. Suna ba da gudummawa ga halakar ƙwayoyin cuta, suna haifar da yawancin hanyoyin ilimin mutum, suna taimakawa bitamin. Sabili da haka, dawakai ya kamata a yi tafiya a cikin rana koyaushe. Amma a cikin kowane hali ya kamata a yarda da rawar jiki na zafi; a tsakar rana, yakamata a ɗauki dawakai cikin inuwa.

Yanayin tsarewa

Don dawakai su ji daɗi a cikin ɗakunan ajiya da haɓaka, suna buƙatar yanayin rayuwa mai kyau da gado na bambaro daga hatsi daban-daban. Bambaro ne wanda zai ba shi damar sha tara tarin ruwa, dawakai masu dumin gaske a lokacin sanyi da ciyar da dabbobi da fiber da sauran abubuwan da ake ganowa. Baya ga bambaro don zuriyar dabbobi, sawdust gauraye da peat ya dace, amma wani lokacin irin waɗannan na'urori suna bushe ƙaho na hooves, suna haifar da rashin ƙarfi. Don haka, a cikin mutane masu irin wannan lahani kamar busasshen ƙaho, an haramta irin wannan zuriyar dabbobi. Idan dabba ba ta da lafiya, zai fi kyau a samar da karko a barikin yumɓu, wanda yake da tasirin warkewa.

Abinci da shayarwa

Tsarin rayuwa mafi mahimmanci na doki ya kasance saboda ruwa. Zai fi wahala irin wannan dabba ta yi ba tare da ruwa ba ban da abinci. Yaro na yau da kullun yakan cinye daga lita 20 zuwa 70 na ruwa, gwargwadon ingancin da takamaiman abincin. Ciyar da dabbobi da ciyawar sabo, a cikin hunturu tare da hay. Baya ga ciyawa, a cikin abincinku na yau da kullun ya kamata ya kasance hatsi, kayan lambu da sukari. Don ciyar da bitamin, dabbobi suna buƙatar a ba su fi mai da hankali ga abubuwa na musamman.

Amfani da dawakan kledesdal

Babban kololuwar yawan irin wannan dawakai kamar Kleidesdahl ya faɗi a karni na 18, a lokacin bunƙasa ma'adanan kwal a cikin yankin Lanarkshire. Saboda buƙatar gaggawa na jigilar kayayyaki masu nauyi, mutane sun fara haifar da sabon nau'in dawakai, don haɓaka manyan motocin Kledesdal don hakar kwal. Bugu da kari, Kleidesdal ya zama dole a cikin aikin gona na Scotland, bayan wannan ana amfani dashi a wannan yankin a wasu biranen da kasashe.

Bayan yawan wannan nau'in, an fara samun dawakai ta hanyar sanannun dawakai masu shayarwa da kuma mai shayarwa don samar da sabbin dabbobin. Babban mahimmancin wannan nau'in sune abubuwan doki na dawakai masu nauyi a duniya da wasa, musamman don wasan tsalle. A yau ana fitar da jarumai Kledesdal a duk faɗin duniya.